Audit 10-16-2018CALL TO ORDER
City of Cupe1iino
Audit Committee
Special Meeting
October 16, 2018
At 3:03p.m., Chainnan Eno Schmidt called the meeting to order at Conference Room A ,
Cupe1iino City Hall , 10300 Ton-e Avenue , Cupertino CA 95014.
ROLL CALL
Committee Members Present: Chainnan Eno Schmidt , Daisy Liang , Mayor Paul
City Staff Present: Amy Chan , Kristina Alfaro, Zach Korach ,
Absent: Daisy Liang
Guests: Steve Morang (Frank Rimerman) and Kathy Lai and Matthew Geerdes (Crowe)
via conference call.
ORAL COMMUNICATIONS
OLD BUSINESS
NEW BUSINESS
1. Finance Manager Korach gave a presentation on the debrief on the alleged
embezzlement scheme by the City's former senior accountant.
Finance Manager Korach presented and explained the contents of the staff report by
providing a timeline of events . City Manager Chan inquired about the deposit liability
being reconciled to date and whether the initial deposits were/are intact. Committee
Member Schmidt asked City Manager Chan to clarify and explain the process of the
deposit liability. Finance Manager Korach emphasized that no expenditures were
recorded in the general ledger, rather, they were directly reducing the deposit liability
account. Committee Member Luther asked about the details in the cun-ent subledger
and an estimate of how many vendors are charged or maintained in this detail. Finance
Manager Korach estimated a few dozen "large" vendor deposits while noting there are
many small customer deposits included as well. Committee Member Luther asked if it
made sense to select a few of the larger vendors and confinn the deposit balances
externally. Finance Manager Korach stated that the opportunity, relating to this
alleged scheme , presented itself to Ms. Chang because she was solely responsible for
maintaining the liability reconciliation and had the knowledge that many of these
deposits were long-outstanding and the initial depositor/customer may or may not have
known that they were entitled to the City's funds. Currently, the City experiences
situations where staff are unable to reach customers with outstanding balances due to
addresses changes etc. Committee Member Schmidt inquired about the reconciliation
project that began in January 2018 and Finance Manager Korach stated the
reconciliation had been completed in that the underlying supporting documents and the
subledger activites associated with customer and developer deposits had been
reconciled with the general ledger balances. City Manager Chan recommended the use
Cupe1iino Audit Committee
of 3rd party confinnations. Committee Member Schmidt inquired about the "2-
pronged approach" and the concept of materiality and how it applies to this case. Steve
Morang joined the meeting via conference call. Finance Manager Korach explained
the "2-pronged approach" in more detail as referenced in the staff report. Steve
Morang added additional infonnation and clarification regarding the scope and
procedures of the work to be performed. Committee Member Schmidt asked about an
internal audit function and benclunarking the City's control enviromnent with other
agencies, particularly in regards to the staffing comparisons . Steve Morang noted the
difficulty and various factors involved in benchmarking/comparing. The work to be
perfonned is specific to the City's specific enviromnent. Steve Morang also noted that
the reason this happened is hard to detennine, pinpoint or narrow down. Ultimately,
the City had an employee with a defective moral compass that decided to act
unethically. No internal control is going to stop that from happening, but the hope and
goal is that having internal controls is place will either take away the opportunity
and /or make it more difficult to do so. Co1mnittee Member Schmidt asked City staff
and external auditors to weigh in on their thoughts on how this could have happened
and the concept of materiality. Kathy Lai stated that segregation of duties were of the
primary cause and discussed the procedures the external auditors have taken in fiscal
year 2017-2018 . Committee Member Schmidt inquired of the external auditors why or
how this was not uncovered in the previous audit (FY 16-17). Kathy Lai stated that the
municipal fraud spanned during a period outside (before) the scope of the audit in FY
16-17. Committee Member Luther stated that there should have been large debit
balances sitting in the sub ledger accounts . Matt Geerdes stated that during the FY 16-
17 audit, there were no debit balances existing. Finance Manager Korach reiterated
that the checks that were paid against the liability account were debited against
legitimate deposit balances . The Committee inquired about the activities having an
effect on the income statement. Steve Morang discussed the deposit liability
reconciliation spreadsheet and difficulties Ms . Chang was having attempting to
reconcile it. Finance Manager Korach stated that it is not believed individual
customer/developer deposit accounts were directly manipulated. Cormnittee Member
Schmidt inquired as to the cormnunications with Ms. Chang and the progress of the
investigation. Director Alfaro stated that the case is still pending and currently with
the District Attorney's Office. Steve Morang discussed the procedures that were
performed in searching for additional transactions related to the alleged embezzlement
scheme. Co1mnittee Member Luther further inquired about the nature of the scheme
and concluded that the income statement was affected. Committee Member Schmidt
inquired to Crowe as to any recommendations they had in regards to additional
measures the City could take. Kathy Lai rec01mnended increasing the scope of internal
control testing. City Manager Chan inquired about the use of confirmations for the
deposit liability by Crowe. Crowe has not used audit confinnations in either of the two
years engaged to the independent audit. Finance Manager Korach stated that the use of
confirmations, whether for the purpose of an audit or internally by management would
be prudent on a periodic basis. It was also stated that the deposit liability and the
related debits and credits did not appear to affect the income statement. Rather, Ms.
Chang was aware that it was unlikely a customer/depositor would be calling upon
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these long-outstanding amounts. Additionally, the process and interdepa1imental
c01mnunications in which these transactions were tracked was limited if not lacking in
th e City's fonner system. Finally, it is speculated that Ms . Chang was likely reluctant
to initiate transactions affecting the income statement, as the revenues and
expenditures were of the primary purview by department heads , Councilmembers , etc.
Committee Member Paul inquired about the histo1ical reconciliation difficulties with
the City's deposit liability and wondered if these had been addressed sooner, would
this alleged embezzlement also have been uncovered sooner. Committee Member Paul
also inquired about the policies and procedures necessary to prevent this from
happening again. Coinmittee Member Luther rec01mnended starting at the point of the
auditors' recommendations. City Manager Chan spoke to management oversight
within Finance, Audit C01nmittee , and the City Council and the idea that staff should
bring management's responses to Council on an annual basis. Director Alfaro spoke to
the effects of the implementation of the new system in 2014/15 and the additional
challenges that were inherent to performing a city-wide system implementation.
Director Alfaro also spoke to the FY 15-16 auditor's c01nments and the presentation
staff provided to Council regarding the subject matter in an open forum. C01nmittee
Member Paul reco1nmended establishing a sub-c01nmittee to meet and confer with the
District Attorney's office to obtain additional information regarding the case. City
Manager Chan reco1nmended that this meeting take place subsequent to the
investigation's conclusion. Co1mnittee Member Schmidt rec01mnended taking full
advantage of the situation we're in; in that we have an opportunity with the forensic
accountants to improve the controls in place for the better. If the issues are pertaining
to staffing resources , then acquire additional staffing. Co1mnittee Member Schmidt
reminded the C01mnittee that it was the current staff that found the alleged
embezzlement. He and City Manager Chan agreed that an action item to the public at
the conclusion of the auditors ' reports would be prudent. Committee Member Schmidt
continued to urge that additional staffing is necessary due to what he's seen over the
years as well as an internal audit function . Committee Member Paul inquired as to the
issues discussed around implementation in 2014/15 and wondering what we could
have done to expedite the clean-up/reconciliation process. City Manager Chan stated
that it is management 's responsibility to c01mnunicate the needs and establish a level
of accountability. Committee Member Luther further reco1mnended determining
where the "debit" went in the deposit liability reductions . Finance Manager Korach
clarified that the activities did not appear to "wash through" the income statement and
that only the deposit liability and cash accounts were affected . Additionally, the
records and underlying information pertaining to the liability reductions were not
directly associated with customer accounts. As a result, staff is unable to discern
which , if any, developers/customers had balances affected. Co1mnittee Member
Schmidt rec01nmended items for follow-up as noted below:
Actions/agenda items for the subsequent Audit C01nmittee meeting slated for
December 11, 2018 are to include a clarifying analysis and discussion of the
aforementioned. Specifically as to how this alleged scheme took place as well as the
Cupertino Audit C01mnittee
procedures/practices in place to reasonably ensure something like this does not occur
in the future.
2. ADJOURNMENT
Chairman Schmidt moved to adjourn the meeting, Mayor Paul seconded, adjourned the
meeting at 4:57pm.
Zach Korach :::::
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