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PC Reso 6860RESOLUTION NO. 6860 OF THE PLANNING COMMISSION QF THE CITY OF CUPERTINO RECOMMENDING CERTIFICATION OF AN ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT REPORT FOR THE VALLCO SPECIAL AREA SPECIFIC PLAN PROJECT, ADOPTION OF FINDINGS AND A STATEMENT OF OVERRIDING CONSIDERATIONS, MITIGATION MEASURES, AND A MITIGATION MONITORING AND REPORTING PROGRAM SECTION I: PROTECT DESCRIPTION Application No: EA -2017-05 Applicant: City of Cupertino Location: 10101 to 10333 N Wolfe Rd APN#s: 316-20-080, 316-20-081, 316-20-103, 316-20-107, 316-20-101, 316-20-105, 316-20-106, 316-20-104, 316-20-088, 316-20-092, 316-20-094, 316-20-099, 316-20-100, 316-20-095 SECTION II: ENVIRONMENTAL REVIEW PROCESS WHEREAS, pursuant to the provisions and requirements of the California Environmental Quality Act of, 1970 (Public Resources Code Section 21000 et seq.) ("CEQA")and the State CEQA Guidelines (Title 14, Sections 15000 et seq. of the California Code` of Regulations) ("CEQA Guidelines"), the City of Cupertino, as lead agency, prepared an Environmental Impact Report for the Vallco Special Area Specific Plan (SCH No. 2018022021) ("EIR" or "Final EIR"); and WHEREAS, pursuant to City Council direction, the project consists of a specific plan for the Malleo Special Area, as provided for in the General Plan, in order to plan for future development activity along with any required changes to the adopted General` Plan goals, policies and strategies for the Special Area as well as zoning text and map amendments, adoption of a development agreement, and other approvals (the "Project"'), all as described in Chapter 3 of the Draft EIR as amended by text revisions in Sections 6.0 and 7.0 of the Responses to Comments Document in the Final EIR, and WHEREAS, on February 9, 2018, the City issued Notice of Preparation ("NOP") of an EIR for the Project; and WHEREAS, the NOP was circulated for review and comment by responsible and trustee agencies and the public for 31 days from February 9, 2018 through March, 12, 2018; and Resolution No. 6860 EA -2017-05 September 4, 2018 Page -2- WHEREAS, a scoping meeting was held on February 22, 2018 to provide the public the opportunity to comment on the scope and content of the EIR; and WHEREAS, a Draft EIR, consisting of one volume (plus Appendices provided on CD), was prepared and issued for public review and comment for a 45 -day period beginning on May 24, 2018 and ending on July 9, 2018; and WHEREAS, a Notice of Completion of the Draft EIR was sent to the State Clearinghouse in the Governor's Office of Planning and Research on May 24, 2018 under State Clearinghouse No. 2018022021, and a Notice of Availability was filed with the Santa Clara County Clerk -Recorder on the same day and was also: (1) sent to other potentially affected agencies as required by CEQA; (2) sent to interested parties registered through the project website by electronic mail and (3) published subsequently in a newspaper of general circulation to announce the availability of the Draft EIR; and WHEREAS, on June 19, 2018, the City held a duly noticed public meeting during the public comment period to allow the public an additional opportunity to provide input on the Draft EIR and received public testimony; and WHEREAS, an recirculated amendment to the Draft EIR, the Vallco Special Area Specific Plan Environmental Impact Report Amendment ("EIR Amendment"), consisting of one volume (plus Appendices on CD), was prepared to analyze an additional alternative identified by the City Council at its Study Session on June 4, 2018, as well as revisions to the text of the Draft EIR, and was issued for public review and comment for a 45 -day period beginning on July 6, 2018 and ending on August 20, 2018; and WHEREAS, a Notice of Completion of the EIR Amendment was sent to the State Clearinghouse in the Governor's Office of Planning and Research on July 6, 2018 under State Clearinghouse No. 2018022021, and a Notice of Availability was filed with the Santa Clara County Clerk -Recorder on the same day and was also: (1) sent to other potentially affected agencies as required by CEQA; (2) sent to adjacent property owners as required by CEQA; (3) sent to interested parties registered through the project website by electronic mail; and (4) published subsequently in a newspaper of general circulation to announce the availability of the EIR Amendment; and WHEREAS, on August 7, 2018, the City held a duly noticed public meeting during the public comment period to receive public comment on the EIR Amendment; and WHEREAS, following the close of the public review and comment period on both the Draft EIR and the EIR Amendment, responses to written and oral comments on the Draft EIR and the EIR Amendment that were received during the public review and comment Resolution No. 6860 EA -2017-05 September 4, 2018 Page -3- periods and that raised environmental issues were prepared and compiled in the Response to Comments Document, which includes a revised project based on direction from the City Council at its June 4, 2018 study session, text revisions to the Draft EIR and the EIR Amendment ("Response to Comments Document"); and WHEREAS, the Final EIR was published on August 27, 2018, and includes a revised project and other text revisions that are not considered "significant new information" pursuant to CEQA Guidelines Section 15088.5 because these changes: would not result in a new environmental impact, and would not cause a substantial increase in the severity of an environmental impact; the project sponsor would adopt the revised. mitigation measures, if the measures are selected by the City Council; and the revised project and other text revisions are substantially similar to the previously analyzed project alternatives and the measures identified in the Draft EIR and EIR Amendment; herefore, recirculation of EIR pursuant CEQA Guidelines Section 15088.5 is not required; and WHEREAT the City provided written responses to public agencies that commented on the Draft EIR and/or the EIR Amendment by sending them copies of the Final EIR, which contains responses to comments, on August 27, 2018; and WHEREAS, the Final EIR consists of the May 2018 Draft EIR, the July 2018 EIR Amendment, the August 2018 Final EIR document which contains responses to comments on the Draft EIR and EIR Amendment, and the August 2018 Supplemental Text Revisions to the Vallco Special Area Specific Plan Final Environmental Impact Report; and WHEREAS, the City received comments on the EIR following the close of the public review and comment periods ("Late Comments") and, although written responses are not required. pursuant to Public Resources Code Section 21091(d)(1) and CEQA Guidelines Section 15088(a), responses have been provided to the Planning Commission in a late comments memo dated September 4, 2018 as a desk item; and WHEREAS, the Final EIR was presented to the Environmental Review Committee ("ERC") for review and recommendation on August 31, 2018, and after considering the Final EIR, and Staff's presentation, the ERC recommended that the City Council certify the EIR; and WHEREAS, all necessary public notices have been given as required by the procedural ordinances of the, City of Cupertino and the Government Code, and the Planning Commission held a duly noticed public hearing on September 4, 2018 to receive testimony on the Final EIR and the Project, and reviewed and considered the information contained in the Final EIR along with staff reports pertaining to the Project, all other Resolution No. 6860 EA -2017-05 September 4, 2018 Page -4- pertinent documents, and all written and oral statements received by the Planning Commission at or prior to the public hearing. NOW, THEREFORE, BE IT RESOLVED: That the Planning Commission recommends that the City Council: 1. Certify that the Final EIR for the Project has been completed in compliance with CEQA and reflects the independent judgment and analysis of the City. 2. Find that no recirculation of the EIR is required. 3. Adopt the Findings and a Statement of Overriding Considerations for the Project, attached hereto as Exhibit EA -1 and incorporated herein by reference, with regard to the significant environmental effects of the Project as recommended by the Planning Commission on September 4, 2018 for approval by the City Council (-'Recommended Project"); . 4. Adopt and incorporate into the Recommended Project all of the mitigation measures, conditions of approval and standard permit conditions; for the Recommended Project that are within the responsibility and jurisdiction of the City that are identified in the Findings. 5. Adopt the Mitigation Monitoring and Reporting Program, attached hereto as Exhibit EA -2 and incorporated herein, for the Recommended Project. PASSED AND ADOPTED this 411, day of September, 2018, Special Meeting of the Planning Commission of the City of Cupertino, State of California, by the following roll call vote: AYES: COMMISSIONERS: Chair Paulsen, Vice Chair Takahashi, Sun, Liu, Fung NOES: COMMISSIONERS: none ABSTAIN: COMMISSIONERS: none ABSENT: COMMISSIONERS: none ATTEST: Z"-4 a 4,,— Aarti Shrivastava . Assistant City Manager EXHIBIT EA -1 CALIFORNIA ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY ACT FINDINGS AND STATEMENT OF OVERRIDING CONSIDERATIONS FOR THE VALLCO SPECIAL AREA SPECIFIC PLAN PROJECT I. INTRODUCTION The City of Cupertino ("City'), as the Lead Agency under California Environmental Quality Act ("CEQA"), Public Resources Code Section 21000 et seq., has prepared the Final Environmental Impact Report for the Vallco Special Area Specific Plan (State Clearinghouse No. 2018022021) ("Final EIR" or "EIR"). The Final EIR is a project EIR pursuant to section 15161 of the State Guidelines for implementation of the CEQA ("CEQA Guidelines').' The Final EIR consists of the May 2018 Draft Environmental Impact Report ("Draft EIR"), the July 2018 Environmental Impact Report Amendment ("EIR Amendment"), the August 2018 Final Environmental Impact Report volume, and the August 2018 Supplemental Text Revisions to the Vallco Special Area Specific Plan Final Environmental Impact Report. Pursuant to Public Resources Code Section 21093 and CEQA Guidelines Section 15152, this Final EIR tiers from the City's certified 2014 General Plan Amendment, Housing Element Update, and Associated Rezoning EIR (State Clearinghouse No. 2014032007) ("General Plan EIR"). CEQA Section 21093(b) states that environmental impact reports shall be tiered whenever feasible, as determined by the lead agency. "Tiering" refers to using the analysis of general matters contained in a broader EIR (such as one prepared for a general plan or policy statement) in subsequent EIRs or Initial Studies/negative declarations on narrower projects; and concentrating the later environmental review on the issues specific to the later project. CEQA Guidelines §15152(a). The General Plan EIR evaluated, at a program -level and limited project -level, the environmental impacts of developing the project. In determining to approve the Vallco Town Center Specific Plan (the "Project," referred to as the Final EIR as the "revised project"), which is described in more detail in Section II, below, the Council makes and adopts the following findings of fact and statement of overriding considerations, and adopts and incorporates into the Project the mitigation measures identified in the EIR, all based on substantial evidence in the whole record of 1 The State CEQA Guidelines are found in California Code of Regulations, Title 14, Section 15000 et seq. 2 Following publication of the EIR, the Project was renamed from Vallco Special Area Specific Plan to Vallco Town Center Specific Plan. this proceeding ("administrative record"). Pursuant to CEQA Guidelines § 15090(a), the EIR was presented to the City Council of the City of Cupertino, and the City Council reviewed and considered the information contained in the EIR prior to making the findings in Sections IV to XII, below. The conclusions presented in these findings are based upon the EIR and other evidence in the administrative record. H. PROJECT DESCRIPTION The City undertook a community-based planning process to develop a Specific Plan for the Vallco Special Area. The proposed Project, which is described in Section 2.4 of the Draft EIR as revised by Sections 2.1 (Revised Project) and 6.0 (Text Revisions) of the Final EIR, is the adoption of the community -developed Vallco Special Area Specific Plan and associated General Plan and Zoning Code amendments. As defined by Government Code Section 65450, a specific plan is a tool for the systematic implementation of the general plan. It establishes a link between implementing policies of the general plan and the individual development proposals in a defined area. The project site ("Plan Area") consists of approximately 70 acres, approximately 58 acres of which is currently available for development. The developable area consists of multiple parcels and is located on both sides of North Wolfe Road, between Vallco Parkway and Interstate 280 (I-280) on the east side of North Wolfe Road and between Stevens Creek Boulevard and Vallco Parkway on the west side of North Wolfe Road, in the City of Cupertino. The locations of the proposed land uses have not been finalized; therefore, for the purposes of the EIR and these Findings, it is assumed the uses could be placed anywhere within the site. The Specific Plan identifies three districts — the Retail/Entertainment Mixed-use District (generally the area south of Vallco Parkway and to the west of North Wolfe Road), the Neighborhood Mixed-use District (generally, the areas to the north of Vallco Parkway and to the west of North Wolfe Road) and the Office Mixed-use District (located north of Vallco Parkway and to the east of North Wolfe Road). It is expected that more of one use than another may be present in each of these districts; for example, while more commercial development is expected on the ground level in the Retail/Entertainment Mixed-use District, the uses on the upper levels may consist of a mix of the other allowed uses on the site. Similarly, while more residential development is expected in the Neighborhood Mixed-use District, office or commercial development could be located here. In addition, while more office development is anticipated in the Office Mixed-use District, residential or commercial development is also allowed without limitation. The maximum allowable amount of development in the Plan Area is identified in the Specific Plan as a two-tier program. Under the Tier 1 Development Program, as shown in Table 3.2 of the Specific Plan, the amount of development in the Plan Area would be a maximum of 2,034 residential units, a minimum of 600,000 square feet of commercial/retail uses, a maximum of 750,000 square feet of office uses, a maximum of 191 additional hotel rooms,3 and a minimum of 6 acres of public (at -grade) open space. There is no minimum square footage for civic/cultural uses. Under the Tier 2 Development Program, a City -defined "community benefits density bonus" is available for projects in the Plan Area, as an alternative to the state Density Bonus law, that provides specified community benefits in addition to complying with the standard requirements of the Specific Plan. As shown in Table 3.3 of the Specific Plan, the amount of Tier 2 development in Plan Area would be a maximum of 2,923 residential units, a minimum of 485,000 square feet of commercial/retail subject uses (which includes 85,000 square feet for civic/cultural uses), a maximum of 1,500,000 square feet of office uses, a maximum of 250,000 square feet of office amenity space, a maximum of 191 additional hotel rooms,4 and a minimum of 6 acres of public (at -grade) open space. Consistent with the adopted General Plan, and as described in Section 2.1 of the Final EIR, the proposed Specific Plan would facilitate a total maximum development capacity of 460,000 square feet of commercial uses (including a 60,000 square foot performing arts theater), 1,750,000 square feet of office uses and office amenity space, 339 hotel rooms, 2,923 residential units, 35,000 square feet of civic space (including 10,000 square foot of governmental use and 25,000 square feet of education space), and a 30 -acre green roof. The proposed Specific Plan development reflects the buildout assumptions (including the adopted residential allocation available) for the site in the City's adopted General Plan. Centrally located open space, in a Town Square format, would be provided on the site. The balance of the commercial uses would consist of commercial uses, which include, among other uses, retail stores and restaurants. The residential component of the project would be multi -family attached units. It is possible that on-site commercial and residential amenities could include pools. The office development could be occupied by one large tenant or multiple smaller tenants. In addition, the project includes up to 25,000 square feet of civic spaces in the form of an adult education center and a Science Technology Engineering and Mathematics (STEM) 3 A 148 -room Hyatt House Hotel is currently under construction. 4 See Footnote 2, above. lab, as well as roof gardens or green roofs. The roof could include outdoor use areas such as outdoor dining, playgrounds, walking paths, and picnic areas. It is assumed that the green roof would not include active play fields or courts. The development would also include residential amenities such as club houses, gymnasiums, private open space and pools, while any office development would include amenities such as high volume entry areas, fitness areas, anechoic chamber areas, unoccupied lab areas, server areas, or cafes. Amenities, such as cafes or gymnasiums, may be located on the rooftop and could add up to 20 feet to the height of the buildings so long as they are centrally located on the building. The maximum building height would be between 45 feet and 120 feet, with taller buildings anticipated to be located closer to North Wolfe Road, on the west side of North Wolfe Road and between 90 feet and 150 feet, with the taller buildings anticipated to be located away from North Wolfe Road and Vallco Parkway. Development would be set back a minimum of 35 feet from face of the curb along Stevens Creek Boulevard. Under the Specific Plan, Perimeter Road and the existing sound wall along the western site boundary would remain. In addition, the revised project includes construction or funding for the construction of a new City Hall at the Cupertino Civic Center as described in the City's Civic Center Master Plan. The environmental impacts of replacing the existing City Hall building with a new 40,000 square foot City Hall building (as well as expanding the existing library to include a new Program Room) were evaluated in the May 2015 Cupertino Civic Center Master Plan Initial Study, incorporated herein by reference. The City adopted a Mitigated Negative Declaration for the Cupertino Civic Center Master Plan project and approved the project in July 2015.5 s Mitigated Negative Declaration (July 7, 2015) and City Council Resolution No. 15-060 (July 7, 2015). The project would require General Plan amendments at the time of adoption of the Specific Plan so that both documents are consistent as of the date of adoption. The amendments would be as follows: • The footnote to General Plan Table LU -1 would be removed, once the Specific Plan is adopted, because it will be obsolete, and replaced with a footnote applicable to the Specific Plan.6 • The Specific Plan would allow for an average residential density of greater than 35 units per acre plus any allowed state density bonus; therefore, the residential density for the Plan Area in the Land Use Element (Table LU -1 and Figure LU -2) and in the Housing Element would be amended to reflect the maximum residential density allowed on the site. • The General Plan would be amended to ensure that there are no inconsistencies between the General Plan and the development standards in the Specific Plan such as allowed land uses (e.g., civic uses), density and building height, as well as conforming changes to the title of the Specific Plan as referenced throughout the EIR, including amendments to Strategy LU -13.1, Goal LU -19, Policies LU -19.1 through LU 19.1.7 and Figure PA -1. • The General Plan would be amended to remove the requirement that 30% of the commercial space be entertainment uses. • The General Plan would be amended to remove the requirement that buildings must meet the 1:1 building slope line along North Wolfe Road. In addition to General Plan amendments and adoption of a Specific Plan, the revised project would also involve the following discretionary approvals by the City to implement the Specific Plan, including but not limited to: • Rezoning • Tentative Map • Development Permits • Architectural and Site Approvals 6 The footnote in General Plan Table LU -1 states: "Buildout totals for Office and Residential allocation within the Vallco Shopping District are contingent upon a Specific Plan being adopted for this area by May 31, 2018. If a Specific Plan is not adopted by that date, City will consider the removal of the Office and Residential Allocations for Vallco Shopping District." Source: City of Cupertino. Cupertino General Plan Community Vision 2015-2040. October 15, 2015. Table LU -1, footnote**, Page LU -13. • Tree Removal Permits • Encroachment Permits • Development Agreement with Vallco Property Owner LLC (DA -2015-02, which was applied for in 2015 and the application was reactivated in 2017 by Sand Hill Property Company) As set forth in Section 2.5 of the Draft EIR and Section 2.2 of the Final EIR, the City's objectives for the project are as follows: 1. Create a distinct and memorable mixed use Town Center that is a regional destination and is a focal point for the community involving substantial redevelopment of the Vallco Special Area; 2. Provide adequate development capacity on the project site to help achieve the City's Regional Housing Needs Allocation consistent with the Housing Element; 3. Provide adequate development capacity for a mix of uses that will allow for the development of an economically feasible project; 4. Provide the City with an avenue for generating additional sales tax revenue; 5. Create a pedestrian, bike and transit -friendly environment that enhances mobility and connectivity; and 6. Create a high-quality sustainable development with respect to energy, resources and ecosystems that meets the City's environmental goals and the City's Climate Action Plan. The EIR identifies standard permit conditions and conditions of approval, which are part of the project description, in addition to identifying mitigation measures to be adopted. Standard permit conditions are measures required by laws and regulations (primarily, the Cupertino Municipal Code) or are required to comply with laws and regulations. While standard permit conditions are not mitigation measures, they may assist in reducing environmental impacts .7 Conditions of approval also are not mitigation measures. They are required of the project by the City, but do not necessarily reduce an environmental impact .8 7 Final EIR, p. 13, fn. 3. 8 Final EIR, p. 53, fn. 14. III. ENVIRONMENTAL REVIEW PROCESS In accordance with Section 15082 of the CEQA Guidelines, the City of Cupertino prepared a Notice of Preparation ("NOP") of an EIR for the Vallco Special Area Specific Plan project. The NOP was sent to state and local responsible and trustee agencies and federal agencies on February 9, 2018. The 31 -day comment period concluded on March 12, 2018. The NOP provided a description of the project and identified probable environmental effects that could result from implementation of the project. The City also held a public scoping meeting during the comment period on February 22, 2018 to discuss the project and solicit public input as to the scope and content of the EIR. The meeting was held at Cupertino Community Hall located at 10350 Torre Avenue. The City prepared the Draft EIR for the Vallco Special Area Specific Plan project in compliance with the CEQA and the CEQA Guidelines. The Draft EIR was circulated for public review and comment for 45 days from May 24, 2018 through July 9, 2018. During this period, the Draft EIR was be available to the public and local, state, and federal agencies for review and comment. Notice of the availability and completion of the Draft EIR was sent directly to every agency, person, and organization that commented on the NOP, as well as to the Office of Planning and Research. Written comments from public agencies, organizations and individuals concerning the environmental review contained in the Draft EIR were sent to the Community Development Department of the City of Cupertino during and after the 45 -day public review period on the Draft EIR. The City also held a public meeting to take written and oral comments on the Draft EIR on June 19, 2018. In response to community and City interest in having a greater number of housing units with a greater than 15 percent below -market -rate housing component and the inclusion of substantial community amenities, the City identified a fifth alternative, the Housing Rich Alternative, to be evaluated in a recirculated EIR Amendment. The EIR Amendment also included clarification regarding necessary General Plan amendments; refinements to the proposed Transportation Demand Management (TDM) Program; addition of state density bonus law and City -defined "community benefits density bonus" program to analysis of project and project alternatives; refinements to the discussion of select mitigation measures and a condition of approval; and updated numbers for existing General Plan land use allocations available citywide. These refinements did not substantially change the analysis in the Draft EIR. The EIR Amendment was circulated for public review and comment for 45 days from July 6, 2018 through August 20, 2018. During this period, the EIR Amendment was available to the public and local, state, and federal agencies for review and comment. Notice of the availability and completion of the EIR Amendment was sent directly to every agency, person, and organization that commented on the (NOP for the Draft EIR, as well as to the Office of Planning and Research. Written comments from public agencies, organizations, and individuals concerning the environmental review contained in the EIR Amendment were sent to the Community Development Department of the City during and after the 45 -day comment period on the EIR Amendment. The City also held a public meeting to take written and oral comments on the EIR Amendment on August 7, 2018. Following the conclusion of the 45 -day public review period on the EIR Amendment, the City prepared a Final EIR in conformance with CEQA Guidelines Section 15132. The Final EIR includes a description of the revised project, which consists of revisions to the previous project analyzed in the Draft EIR to address the City Council's direction to include additional housing (including additional affordable housing) in the project in conjunction with the desire for community benefits including a performing arts center, a new City Hall, and transportation benefits aimed at reducing vehicle miles traveled, as well as text revisions to the Draft EIR and EIR Amendment and responses to comments received by the City of Cupertino on the Draft EIR and EIR Amendment. These revisions do not require recirculation of the EIR because none of the revisions constitute "significant new information" pursuant to CEQA Guidelines Section 15088.5 inasmuch as these changes would not result in a new environmental impact, and would not cause a substantial increase in the severity of an environmental impact; the project sponsor would adopt the revised mitigation measures, if the revised mitigation measures are selected by the City Council; and the revised project and other text revisions are substantially similar to the previously analyzed project alternatives and the mitigation measures identified in the Draft EIR and EIR Amendment. Responses to public agency comments on the EIR were sent to the commenting agencies on August 27, 2018. On August 31, 2018, the Final EIR was presented to the Environmental Review Committee ("ERC") for review and recommendation on August 31, 2018 and, after considering the Final EIR and Staff's presentation, the ERC recommended that the City Council certify the Final EIR. On September 4, 2018, at a duly noticed public hearing, the Planning Commission recommended that the City Council certify the Final EIR. IV. FINDINGS These findings summarize the environmental determinations of the EIR about Project impacts before and after mitigation, and do not attempt to repeat the full analysis of each environmental impact contained in the EIR. Instead, these findings provide a summary description of and basis for each impact in the EIR, describe the applicable mitigation measures identified in the EIR, and state the City's findings and rationale therefor on the significance of each impact with the adopted mitigation measures. A full explanation of these environmental findings and conclusions can be found in the EIR, and these findings hereby incorporate by reference the discussion and analysis in the EIR supporting the EIR's determinations regarding mitigation measures and the Project's impacts. In adopting mitigation measures below, the City intends to adopt each of the mitigation measures identified in the Final EIR. Accordingly, in the event a mitigation measure identified in the Final EIR has been inadvertently omitted from these findings, such mitigation measure is hereby referred to, adopted, and incorporated in the findings below by reference. In addition, in the event the language of a mitigation measure set forth below fails to accurately reflect the mitigation measure in the Final EIR due to a clerical error, the language of the mitigation measure as set forth in the Final EIR shall control unless the language of the mitigation measure has been specifically and expressly modified by these findings. Sections V through IX, below, provide brief descriptions of the impacts the Final EIR identifies as either significant and unavoidable or less than significant with adopted mitigation. These descriptions also reproduce the full text of the mitigation measures identified in the Final EIR for each significant impact. V. SIGNIFICANT AND UNAVOIDABLE IMPACTS WITH MITIGATION INCORPORATED The Final EIR identifies the following significant and unavoidable adverse impacts associated with the approval of the Vallco Special Area Specific Plan Project, some of which can be reduced, although not to a less -than -significant level, through implementation of mitigation measures identified in the EIR. Pub. Resources Code § 21081(a)(1). In addition, the City cannot require adoption or implementation for mitigation measures for some impacts, because they are within the responsibility and jurisdiction of other public agencies. Pub. Resources Code § 21081(a)(2). Therefore, as explained below, some impacts will remain significant and unavoidable notwithstanding the adoption of feasible mitigation measures. To the extent that these mitigation measures will not mitigate or avoid all significant effects on the environment, and because the City cannot require mitigation measures that are within the responsibility and jurisdiction of other public agencies to be adopted or implemented by those other agencies, it is hereby determined that these significant and unavoidable adverse impacts are acceptable for the reasons specified in Section XI, below. Pub. Resources Code § 21081(a)(3). As explained in Section XII, below, the findings in this Section are based on the Draft EIR, the EIR Amendment, and the Final EIR, the discussion and analysis in which is hereby incorporated in fully by this reference. A. Impact AQ -2. The construction of the revised project would violate an air quality standard or contribute substantially to an existing or projected air quality violation. The EIR finds that the revised project would result in significant air quality impacts related to construction period dust and exhaust emissions. Implementation of the project would result in short-term emissions from construction activities with development, including site grading, asphalt paving, building construction, and architectural coating. Emissions commonly associated with construction activities include fugitive dust from soil disturbance, fuel combustion from mobile heavy-duty diesel- and gasoline -powered equipment, portable auxiliary equipment, and worker commute trips. During construction, fugitive dust, the dominant source of respirable particulate matter (PMio) and fine particulate matter (PM2.5) emissions, is generated when wheels or blades disturb surface materials. Uncontrolled dust from construction can become a nuisance and potential health hazard to those living and working nearby. Demolition and construction of buildings can also generate PM10 and PM2.5 emissions. Off-road construction equipment is often diesel -powered and can be a substantial source of nitrogen oxide (NO.) emissions, in addition to PM10 and PM2.5 emissions. The combination of temporary dust from activities and diesel exhaust from construction equipment poses both a health and nuisance impact to nearby receptors. Estimated construction emissions for the project would exceed the BAAQMD significance threshold for NO. emissions during construction. Emissions of ROG, PM10 exhaust, and PM2.5 exhaust during construction would be below BAAQMD significance thresholds. Implementation of MM AQ -2.1, set forth below, which is hereby adopted and incorporated into the project, would reduce construction -related emissions from the project, but not to a less than significant level. Therefore, this impact is considered significant and unavoidable. MM AQ -2.1: Future development under the revised project shall implement the following BAAQMD-recommended measures to control dust, particulate matter, and diesel exhaust emissions during construction: Basic Measures 1. All exposed surfaces (e.g., parking areas, staging areas, soil piles, graded areas, and unpaved access roads) shall be watered two times per day. 2. All haul trucks transporting soil, sand, or other loose material off-site shall be covered. 3. All visible mud or dirt track -out onto adjacent public roads shall be removed using wet power vacuum street sweepers at least once per day. The use of dry power sweeping is prohibited. 4. All vehicle speeds on unpaved roads shall be limited to 15 miles per hour (mph). 5. All roadways, driveways, and sidewalks to be paved shall be completed as soon as possible. Building pads shall be laid as soon as possible after grading unless seeding or soil binders are used. 6. Idling times shall be minimized either by shutting equipment off when not in use or reducing the maximum idling time to two minutes unless subject to state law exemptions (e.g., safety issues). Clear signage shall be provided for construction workers at all access points. 7. All construction equipment shall be maintained and properly tuned in accordance with manufacturer's specifications. All equipment shall be checked by a certified mechanic and determined to be running in proper condition prior to operation. 8. Post a publicly visible sign with the telephone number and person to contact at the Lead Agency regarding dust complaints. This person shall respond and take corrective action within 48 hours. The Air District's phone number shall also be visible to ensure compliance with applicable regulations. Applicable Enhanced Control Measures 9. All exposed surfaces shall be watered at a frequency adequate to maintain minimum soil moisture of 12 percent. Moisture content can be verified by lab samples or moisture probe. 10. All excavation, grading, andlor demolition activities shall be suspended when average wind speeds exceed 20 mph and visible dust extends beyond site boundaries. 11. Wind breaks (e.g., trees, fences) shall be installed on the windward side(s) of actively disturbed areas of construction adjacent to sensitive receptors. Wind breaks should have at maximum 50 percent air porosity. 12. Vegetative ground cover (e.g., fast -germinating native grass seed) shall be planted in disturbed areas as soon as possible and watered appropriately until vegetation is established. 13. The simultaneous occurrence of excavation, grading, and ground -disturbing construction activities on the same area at any one time shall be limited. Activities shall be phased to reduce the amount of disturbed surfaces at any one time. 14. Avoid tracking of visible soil material on to public roadways by employing the following measures if necessary: (1) Site accesses to a distance of 100 feet from public paved roads shall be treated with a 6 to 12 inch compacted layer of wood chips, mulch, or gravel and (2) washing truck tires and construction equipment of prior to leaving the site. 15. Sandbags or other erosion control measures shall be installed to prevent silt runoff to public roadways from sites with a slope greater than one percent. 16. Minimizing the idling time of diesel powered construction equipment to two minutes unless subject to state law exemptions (e.g., safety issues). Exhaust Control Measures 17. The project shall develop a plan demonstrating that the off-road equipment (more than 25 horsepower) to be used in the construction project (i.e., owned, leased, and subcontractor vehicles) would achieve a minimum project wide fleet -average 25 percent NOX reduction and 65 percent PM (particulate matter) exhaust reduction compared to the CalEEMod modeled average used in this report. Acceptable options for reducing emissions include the use of late model engines, low -emission diesel products, alternative fuels, engine retrofit technology, after -treatment products, add-on devices such as particulate filters, andlor other options as such become available. The following are feasible methods: • All construction equipment larger than 25 horsepower used at the site for more than two continuous days or 20 hours total shall meet EPA Tier 4 emission standards for NOx and PM, where feasible. • If Tier 4 equipment is not feasible, all construction equipment larger than 25 horsepower used at the site for more than two continuous days or 20 hours total shall meet EPA emission standards for Tier 3 engines and include particulate matter emissions control equivalent to CARB Level 3 verifiable diesel emission control devices that altogether achieve an 85 percent reduction in particulate matter exhaust. • Use of alternatively -fueled equipment with lower NO., emissions that meet the NOt and PM reduction requirements above. • Diesel engines, whether for off-road equipment or on -road vehicles, shall not be left idling for more than two minutes, except as provided in exceptions to the applicable state regulations (e.g., traffic conditions, safe operating conditions). The construction sites shall have posted legible and visible signs in designated queuing areas and at the construction site to clearly notify operators of idling limit. • All on -road heavy-duty diesel trucks with a gross vehicle weight rating of 33,000 pounds or greater (EMFAC Category HDDT) used at the project site (such as haul trucks, water trucks, dump trucks, and concrete trucks) shall be model year 2010 or newer. • Develop a Transportation Demand Management program for construction worker travel that includes transit and carpool subsides in order to reduce worker trips. • Provide line power to the site during the early phases of construction to minimize the use of diesel powered stationary equipment, such as generators. 18. A project -specific construction management plan describing the measures to minimize construction emissions shall be required of future development. As part of the construction management plan, the on-site Construction Manager shall ensure and regularly document that equipment, trucks, and architectural coatings meet the above mitigation requirements. The documentation shall be submitted regularly to the City for review and compliance. B. Impact AQ -3. The operation of the revised project would violate an air quality standard or contribute substantially to an existing or projected air quality violation. The EIR finds that the revised project would exceed the significance thresholds for all criteria air pollutant emissions (ROG, NOx, PMio, and PM2.5) on an annual and daily basis, primarily due to the amount of development proposed and the substantial amount of vehicle trips generated by the proposed uses. Accordingly, operational emissions typically represent the majority of a project's air quality impacts. After a project is built, operational emissions, including mobile and area sources (including tire wear and brake wear), are anticipated to occur continuously throughout the project's lifetime. Implementation of the proposed TDM program and MM AQ -3.1, set forth below, which is hereby adopted and incorporated into the project, would reduce the impact but not to a less than significant level. Therefore, this impact is considered significant and unavoidable. MM AQ -3.1: Future development under the revised project shall use low-VOC paint (i.e., 50 g/L or less) on operational architectural coatings and no hearths or fireplaces (including natural gas -powered) shall be installed in the residential units. C. Impact AQ -4. The revised project would result in a cumulatively considerable net increase in criteria pollutants (ROG, NO., PM1o, and/or PM2.5) for which the project region is non -attainment under an applicable federal or state ambient air quality standard. The discussion under Impact AQ -3 addresses cumulatively considerable net increases of criteria pollutants or precursors. The project would have a cumulatively considerable net increase in criteria air pollutants (ROG, NOx, PM1o, and PM2.5) and those emissions are considered significant and unavoidable. Implementation of MM AQ -4.1, set forth below, which is hereby adopted and incorporated into the project, would reduce the impact but not to a less than significant level. Therefore, this impact is considered significant and unavoidable. MM AQ -4.1: Implement MM AQ -3.1. D. Impact AQ -6. The revised project would expose sensitive receptors to substantial construction dust and diesel exhaust emissions concentrations. The revised project would expose sensitive receptors to concentrations of NOx emissions that exceed the BAAQMD's threshold during construction. The exposure of nearby sensitive receptors to construction -related dust and diesel exhaust emissions is discussed under Impact AQ -2, above. Implementation of MM AQ -6, set forth below, which is hereby adopted and incorporated into the project, would reduce the impact but not to a less than significant level. Therefore, this impact is considered significant and unavoidable. MM AQ -6-1: Implement MM AQ -2.1. E. Impact NOI-1. The revised project would expose persons to or generation of noise levels in excess of standards established in the General Plan Municipal code, or applicable standard of other agencies. The EIR finds that the revised project would result in construction noise that could expose sensitive receptors to noise levels that exceed noise standards set forth in the City's Municipal Code. Construction activities could generate considerable amounts of noise, especially during demolition, earth -moving, and infrastructure construction phases when heavy equipment is used. The highest maximum noise levels generated by construction of the project would typically range from about 80 to 90 dBA Lmax at a distance of 50 feet from the noise source. The Specific Plan includes a 56 foot "no build" zone along the property lines of the single family residences on the west side of the project area. The only types of construction in this zone would be streets, bike lanes, open space and trails, This will help attenuate noise impacts from construction. Several individual pieces of construction equipment would potentially produce noise levels that would exceed the City's 87 dBA Lmax limit at 25 feet; the noisiest of which would be impact pile driving. Impact pile driving would result in maximum noise levels up to 105 dBA Lm. at 50 feet, which would equate to 111 dBA Lm. at 25 feet. This would be a potentially significant impact. Further, it is conservatively assumed that construction activities on the project site would exceed the 80 dBA Uq threshold at the property lines of the nearby existing residences. Implementation of MM NOI-1.1, MM NOI-1.2, MM NOI-1.3, MM NOI-1.4, MM NOI- 1.5, set forth below, which are hereby adopted and incorporated into the project, may not mitigate construction noise of individual projects to a less than significant level. Therefore, impacts from construction noise would be significant and unavoidable. MM NOI-1.1: Construction activities under the revised project shall be conducted in accordance with provisions of the City's Municipal Code which limit temporary construction work to daytime hours,9 Monday through Friday. Certain types of construction are prohibited on weekends and all holidays pursuant to Municipal Code Sections 10.48.053(B), (C) and (D).10 Further, the City requires that all equipment have high-quality noise mufflers and abatement devices installed and are in good condition. Additionally, the construction crew shall adhere to the following construction best management practices listed in MM NOI-1.2 below to reduce construction noise levels emanating from the site and minimize disruption and annoyance at existing noise -sensitive receptors in the project vicinity. 9 Pursuant to Municipal Code Section 10.48.010, "daytime" is defined as the period from 7:00 AM to 8:00 PM weekdays. io Municipal Code Section 10.48.053(B): Notwithstanding Section 10.48.053A, it is a violation of this chapter to engage in any grading, street construction, demolition or underground utility work within seven hundred fifty feet of a residential area on Saturdays, Sundays and holidays, and during the nighttime period, except as provided in Section 10.48.030. Municipal Code Section 10.48.053(C): Construction, other than street construction, is prohibited on holidays, except as provided in Sections 10.48.029 and 10.48.030. Municipal Code Section 10.48.053(D): Construction, other than street construction, is prohibited during nighttime periods unless it meets the nighttime standards of Section 10.48.040. MM NOI-1.2: Future development shall prepare and submit a construction noise control plan to the City's Building Department and Code Enforcement for review and approval. The on-site Construction Manager shall implement the construction noise control plan, which would include, but is not limited to, the following available controls: • Construct temporary noise barriers, where feasible, to screen stationary noise -generating equipment. Temporary noise barrier fences would provide a five dBA noise reduction if the noise barrier interrupts the line -of -sight between the noise source and receptor and if the barrier is constructed in a manner that eliminates any cracks or gaps. • Equip all internal combustion engine -driven equipment with intake and exhaust mufflers that are in good condition and appropriate for the equipment. • Enforce idling limit of two minutes for internal combustion engines unless subject to state law exemptions (e.g., safety issues). • Locate stationary noise -generating equipment, such as air compressors or portable power generators, as far as possible from sensitive receptors as feasible. If they must be located near receptors, adequate muffling (with enclosures where feasible and appropriate) shall be used to reduce noise levels at the adjacent sensitive receptors. Any enclosure openings or venting shall face away from sensitive receptors. • Utilize "quiet" air compressors and other stationary noise sources where technology exists. • Construction staging areas shall be established at locations that would create the greatest distance between the construction -related noise sources and noise -sensitive receptors nearest the project site during all project construction. • Locate material stockpiles, as well as maintenance/equipment staging and parking areas, as far as feasible from residential receptors. • Control noise from construction workers' radios to a point where they are not audible at existing residences bordering the project site. • If impact pile driving is proposed, temporary noise control blanket barriers shall shroud pile drivers or be erected in a manner to shield the adjacent land uses. • If impact pile driving is proposed, foundation pile holes shall be pre -drilled to minimize the number of impacts required to seat the pile. Pre -drilling foundation pile holes is a standard construction noise control technique. Pre -drilling reduces the number of blows required to seat the pile. Notify all adjacent land uses of the construction schedule in writing. • The contractor shall prepare a detailed construction schedule for major noise -generating construction activities and provide it to adjacent land uses. The construction plan shall identify a procedure for coordination with adjacent residential land uses so that construction activities can be scheduled to minimize noise disturbance. Designate a "disturbance coordinator" who would be responsible for responding to any complaints about construction noise. The disturbance coordinator would determine the cause of the noise complaint (e.g., bad muffler, etc.) and would require that reasonable measures be implemented to correct the problem. The telephone number for the disturbance coordinator shall be conspicuously posted at the construction site and included in the notice sent to neighbors regarding the construction schedule. MM N0I-1.3: A qualified acoustical consultant shall be retained for development under the revised project to review mechanical noise, as these systems are selected, to determine specific noise reduction measures necessary to ensure noise complies with the City's noise level requirements. Mechanical equipment shall be selected and designed to reduce impacts on surrounding uses to meet the City's noise level requirements. Noise reduction measures could include, but are not limited to: Selection of equipment that emits low noise levels, Installation of noise dampening techniques, such as enclosures and parapet walls, to block the line -of -sight between the noise source and the nearest receptors; Locating equipment in less noise -sensitive areas, where feasible. MM NOI-1.4: Section 10.48.062 prohibits deliveries between 8:00 PM and 8:00 AM on weekdays and between 6:00 PM and 9:00 AM on weekends and holidays, which shall be enforced as part of the revised project. Additionally, the effect of loading zone activities would be evaluated for noise impacts and help determine design decisions once project -specific information for the revised project, such as type and size of the commercial uses, hours of operation, frequency of deliveries, and location of loading zones, is available. Noise reduction measures could include, but are not limited to, the following: • Move loading zones inside (e.g., within parking structures), where possible, and as far from adjacent residential uses as possible. • Implement a no idling policy at all locations that requires engines to be turned off after two minutes. • Recess truck docks into the ground or locate them within parking structures. • Equip loading bay doors with rubberized gasket type seals to allow little loading noise to escape. MM NOI-1.5: Prior to issuance of building permits, a noise study shall be completed to determine noise levels due to truck deliveries at the proposed buildings, and the specific noise control that shall be implemented to reduce noise levels below the City's thresholds at adjacent residential property lines shall be identified. F. Impact N0I-3. The revised project would result in substantial permanent increase in ambient noise levels in the project vicinity above levels existing without the project. The EIR finds that the revised project would generate approximately 39,063 average daily trips and would result in permanent ambient noise increase due to project - generated traffic. Implementation of MM N0I-3.1, set forth below, which is hereby adopted and incorporated into the project, would reduce the impact but not to a less than significant level because vehicle speed is already limited. Therefore, impacts would be significant and unavoidable. MM NOI-3.1: Future development under the revised project shall implement available measures to reduce project -generated noise level increases from project traffic on Perimeter Road. The noise attenuation measures shall be studied on a case-by-case basis at receptors that would be significantly impacted. Noise reduction methods could include the following: • Alternative noise reduction techniques, such as re -paving Perimeter Road with "quieter" pavement types including Open -Grade Rubberized Asphaltic Concrete. The use of "quiet" pavement can reduce noise levels by two to five dBA, depending on the existing pavement type, traffic speed, traffic volumes, and other factors. • Traffic calming measures to slow traffic, such as speed bumps. • Building sound insulation for affected residences, such as sound -rated windows and doors, on a case-by-case basis as a method of reducing noise levels in interior spaces. G. Impact NOI-4. The revised project would result in a substantial temporary or periodic increase in ambient noise levels in the project vicinity above levels existing without the project. The EIR finds that the revised project would result in significant temporary increase in ambient noise levels due to construction activities. Pile driving activities are expected to exceed maximum noise thresholds established in the City's Municipal Code for individual pieces of equipment, even with the implementation of the Construction Best Management Practices. Further, the temporary construction noise impact would be considered significant, if project construction activities exceeded 60 dBA Leq at nearby residences or exceeded 70 dBA Leq at nearby commercial land uses and exceeded the ambient noise environment by five dBA Leq or more for a period longer than one year. Based on the hourly average noise levels, construction activities within 50 feet of the property lines of the nearby residential and commercial land uses would exceed 60 and 70 dBA Leq, respectively, and exceed ambient noise levels by more than five dBA throughout construction. This would result in indoor speech interference and disruption for a period of up to 10 years. Thus, construction noise associated with the project could expose nearby sensitive receptors to elevated noise levels over a period of up to 10 years. Implementation of MM NOI-4.1, set forth below, which is hereby adopted and incorporated into the project, would reduce construction noise levels emanating from the site and minimize disruption and annoyance to the extent feasible but not to a less than significant level because of the extended period anticipated for the project construction. Therefore, the impact would remain significant and unavoidable. MM NOI-4.1: Implement MM NOI-1.1 and -1.2. H. Impact TRN-1. Under existing project conditions, the revised project would conflict with an applicable plan, ordinance, or policy establishing measures of effectiveness for the performance of the circulation system; and conflict with an applicable congestion management program, including standards established for designated roads or highways. The EIR finds that the revised project would result in a significant intersection level of service impacts under existing with project conditions, defined as existing conditions plus traffic generated by buildout of the project, as the following intersections: 12. De Anza Boulevard/McClellan Road (City of Cupertino) — PM peak hour; and 43. Stevens Creek Boulevard/Stern Avenue (City of Santa Clara) — PM peak hour. The revised project would also significantly impact 14 mixed -flow segments in the AM peak hour, 18 mixed -flow segments in the PM peak hour, five HOV segments in the AM peak hour, and five HOV segments in the PM peak hour. Implementation of MM TRN-1.1, MM TRN-1.2, and MM TRN-1.3, set forth below, are hereby adopted and incorporated into the project, would reduce the impacts but not to a less than significant level. Therefore, the impacts would remain significant and unavoidable. MM TRN-1.1: Develop and implement a TDM Program which includes a trip cap that is based on a 34 percent non -SOV rate for the office uses. The TDM program includes the creation of a Transportation Management Association that would: • Provide concierge services to residents and retail owners (for their employees); • Coordinate with the office component, and • Oversee the overall TDM program among property owners and tenants to achieve the office trip caps As part of the TDM Program, the City shall require future development to implement the Specific Plan's TDM Monitoring Program to ensure that the TDM reduction goals are achieved. The TDM Monitoring Program shall require a robust Monitoring Program to ensure that this TDM program mitigation measure is implemented and that the required trip caps are achieved. The Monitoring Program shall be subject to review and approval by the City of Cupertino and would include driveway monitoring for all office uses during the AM and PM peak hours. The TDM Monitoring Program would occur in the fall (mid-September through mid-November) after six months occupancy of 50 percent of the total approved buildout. The TDM Monitoring Program shall be conducted annually for the first 10 years. If the monitoring reveals that the peak trip counts have not been exceeded in the last three years of the first 10 years of annual monitoring, the TDM monitoring shall be reduced to once every two years (i.e.. year 10, 12, 14, etc.). However, if any biennial report reveals that the peak trip counts have been exceeded, the monitoring shall revert to annual monitoring until such time that the peak trip counts have not been exceeded for three consecutive annual reports. If future development is not able to meet the identified TDM goal, then the City would collect penalties (assigned proportionately between the uses that do not meet the trip cap), as specified in the Specific Plan's TDM Monitoring Program. Penalties collected from the TDM Monitoring Program will be used to improve multimodal access around the site and throughout the City of Cupertino. MM TRN-1.2: Intersection 12, De Anza Boulevard/McClellan Road: convert the shared left- turn/through lane on the eastbound approach of McClellan Road to a dedicated through lane (for a total of one left -turn lane, one through lane, and one right -turn lane). This would allow converting the phasing on the east -west approaches from split phasing to protected left -turn phasing. This improvement is included in the City's TIF Program and would improve intersection operations to an acceptable LOS D. Future development under the revised project shall pay transportation mitigation fees as calculated pursuant to the TIF program to mitigate this impact. Because the TIF improvements are not fully funding and the timing of implementation is not known at this time, however, the impact to Intersection 12 is considered significant and unavoidable. MM TRN-1.3: A fair -share payment contribution of $3,865,182.00 to improvements identified in VTA's VTP 2040 for freeway segments on SR 85, I-280, and I-880 that the project (or project alternative) significantly impacts shall be paid by future development associated with the revised project. The VTA's VTP 2040 identifies several freeway projects that are relevant to the identified freeway segment impacts, including: • VTP ID H1: SR 85 Express Lanes: US 101 (South San Jose to Mountain View). This project would convert 24 miles of existing HOV lanes to express lanes, and allow single -occupancy vehicles access to the express lanes by paying a toll. An additional express lane will be added to create a two-lane express lane along a portion of the corridor. On November 13, 2017, the cities of Cupertino and Saratoga and the Town of Los Gatos entered into a settlement agreement11 with VTA and Caltrans that requires VTA to implement the 2016 Measure B State Route 85 Corridor Program Guidelines which include preparing a Transit Guideway Study for this corridor to identify the most effective transit and congestion relief projects on SR 85 that will be candidates for funding. Upon completion of the study, and implementation plan for these projects will be developed. • VTP ID H11: I-280 Express Lanes: Leland Avenue to Magdalena Avenue. This project converts existing HOV lanes to express lanes. • VTP ID H13: I-280 Express Lanes: Southbound El Monte Avenue to Magdalena Avenue. This project builds new express lanes. • VTP ID H15: I-880 Express Lanes: US 101 to I-280. This project would build new express lanes on I-880. • VTP ID H35: I-280 Northbound: Second Exit Lane to Foothill Expressway. This project constructs a second exit lane from northbound I-280 to Foothill Expressway. • VTP ID H45: I-280 Northbound Braided Ramps between Foothill Expressway and SR 85: This project would conduct preliminary engineering, environmental studies, and design to widen the existing off -ramp to Foothill Expressway from Northbound I-280 from a single - lane exit to a two-lane exit opening at I-280. I i As part of the Settlement Agreement, City of Saratoga, et al. v. California Department of Transportation, et al. (Santa Clara County Superior Court Case No. 115CV281214), which was a suit by the three cities challenging Caltrans's approval of the State Route 85 Express Lanes Project, was dismissed on November 17, 2017. I. Impact TRN-2. Under background with project conditions, the revised project would conflict with an applicable plan, ordinance, or policy establishing measures of effectiveness for the performance of the circulation system; and conflict with an applicable congestion management program, including standards established for designated roads or highways. The EIR finds that the revised project would result in a significant intersection level of service impact under background with project conditions, defined as background conditions plus traffic generated by buildout of the project, at the following 11 intersections: 11. De Anza Boulevard/Stevens Creek Boulevard (City of Cupertino) - PM peak hour; 12. De Anza Boulevard/McClellan Road (City of Cupertino) - PM peak hour; 31. Wolfe Road and Vallco Parkway (City of Cupertino) - PM peak hour; 32. Wolfe Road -Miller Avenue/Stevens Creek Boulevard (City of Cupertino)' - AM and PM peak hours; 42. Stevens Creek Boulevard/Tantau Avenue (City of Cupertino) - AM peak hour; 43. Stevens Creek Boulevard/Stern Avenue (City of Santa Clara) - AM and PM peak hours; 44. Stevens Creek Boulevard/Calvert Drive/I-280 Ramps (west) (City of Santa Clara)' - AM and PM peak hours; 45. Stevens Creek Boulevard/Agilent Driveway (City of Santa Clara) - AM peak hour; 48. Lawrence Expressway/Homestead Road (Santa Clara County)' - PM peak hour; 51. Lawrence Expressway/Calvert Drive -I-280 Southbound Ramp (City of San Jose)' - AM peak hour; and 53. Lawrence Expressway/Bollinger Road (Santa Clara County)' - AM and PM peak hours. * denotes CMP intersection The revised project would also result in a significant freeway level of service impacts under background with project conditions at 15 mixed flow lanes in the AM peak hour, 20 mixed flow lanes in the PM peak hour, four HOV lanes in the AM peak hour, and five HOV lanes in the PM peak hour. Implementation of MM TRN-2.1, MM TRN-2.2, MM TRN-2.3, MM TRN-2.4, MM TRN- 2.4, MM TRN-2.5, MM TRN-2.6, MM TRN-2.7, MM TRN-2.8, and MM TRN-2.9, set forth below, which are hereby adopted and incorporated into the project, would reduce the impacts but not to a less than significant level. Therefore, the impacts would remain significant and unavoidable. MM TRN-2.1: Implement MM TRN-1.1. The TDM program is expected to reduce the severity of intersection and freeway impacts, although not necessarily to a less than significant level. MM TRN-2.2: Intersection 12, De Anza Boulevard/McClellan Road: Implement MM TRN- 1.2. Implementation of MM TRN-1.2 would improve intersection the average intersection delay to better than background (without project or project alternative) conditions. Because the TIF improvements are not fully funded and the timing of implementation is not known at this time, the impact is considered significant and unavoidable. MM TRN-2.3: Intersection 31, Wolfe Road/Vallco Parkway: Provide an overlap phase for the westbound right -turn movement, which would provide for a green right -turn arrow while the southbound left -turn movement has its green phase. Southbound U-turns shall also be prohibited. Implementation of this mitigation measure would improve intersection level of service to an acceptable LOS D. MM TRN-2.4: Intersection 42, Stevens Creek Boulevard/Tantau Avenue: Provide a northbound left -turn lane (for a total of one left -turn lane and one shared through/right-turn lane). This would allow converting the phasing on the east -west approaches from split phasing to protected left -turn phasing. This improvement is included in the City's TIF Program and would improve intersection operations to an acceptable LOS D. Future development under the revised project shall pay transportation mitigation fees as calculated pursuant to the TIF program to mitigate this impact. Because the TIF improvements are not fully funding and the timing of implementation is not known at this time, however, the impact is considered significant and unavoidable. MM TRN-2.5: Intersections 43-45: Contribute a fair -share of $96,000.00 to a traffic signal timing study and implementation of the revised timings on Stevens Creek Boulevard at Stern Avenue, Calvert Drive, and Agilent Driveway The revised project impacts would likely improve with modifications to the signal timings as traffic volumes change, but the impact is concluded to be significant and unavoidable because the effectiveness of the improvement would be determined through the signal timing study and because the intersection is under the jurisdiction of another agency and the City cannot guarantee the implementation of the signal timing study. MM TRN-2.6: Intersection 48, Lawrence Expressway/Homestead Road: Pay a fair -share contribution of $219,000.00 to the near-term improvement identified in the Santa Clara County's Expressway Plan 2040 Study for this intersection. The Expressway Plan 2040 Study identifies a near-term improvement of an additional eastbound through lane on Homestead Road. With this improvement, intersection operations would improve, but the intersection would continue to operate at LOS F with delays greater than under background conditions. The ultimate improvement identified by the County's Expressway Plan 2040 is to grade - separate the intersection. That is a long-term improvement, however, which would not be implemented within the next 10 years. Furthermore, the improvement is under the jurisdiction of another agency and the City cannot guarantee its implementation. Therefore, the impact is considered significant and unavoidable. MM TRN-2.7: Intersection 51, Lawrence Expressway/Calvert Drive -I-280 Southbound Ramp: Improvements to mitigate the impact would include providing a fourth northbound through lane (for a total of four through lanes and one right -turn lane). This would require four receiving lanes north of Calvert Drive -I-280 Southbound Ramps. With this improvement, the intersection would operate at acceptable LOS E or better. The widening of Lawrence Expressway from three to four lanes in each direction between Moorpark Avenue to south of Calvert Drive is included in the VTP 2040 as a constrained project (VTP 2040 Project# X10). The VTP 2040 does not include widening of Lawrence Expressway at or north of Calvert Drive, however. The fourth northbound through lane on Lawrence Expressway could potentially be provided with an added receiving lane that would connect directly to the off -ramp to Lawrence Expressway (also known as "trap" lane) just north of the I-280 overcrossing. The City shall coordinate with the County of Santa Clara to and Caltrans to determine if a fourth through lane could be provided. Future development under the proposed project shall be required to pay a fair -share contribution of $133,380.00 if the improvement is feasible. The impact would remain significant and unavoidable because the feasibility of the improvement is yet to be determined, and because the intersection is within the responsibility and jurisdiction of another agency and the City cannot guarantee the improvement would be constructed concurrent with the proposed project. MM TRN-2.8: Intersection 53, Lawrence Expressway/Bollinger Road: Improvements to mitigate the revised project's impact would include providing a fourth northbound through lane (for the PM peak hour impact) and fourth southbound through lane (for the AM peak hour impact). The widening of Lawrence Expressway from three to four lanes in each direction between Moorpark Avenue to south of Calvert Drive is included in the VTP 2040 as a constrained project (VTP 2040 Project# X10). This VTA project also includes the provision of an additional westbound through lane on Moorpark Avenue. Assuming that both the northbound and southbound approaches would be modified to accommodate four through lanes, the intersection would operate at or better than acceptable LOS E under the revised project during the AM and PM peak hours. Future development under the revised project shall be required to pay a fair -share contribution of $133,380.00 to VTP Project# X10. The impact would remain significant and unavoidable, however, because the intersection is within the responsibility and jurisdiction of another agency and the City cannot guarantee the improvement would be constructed concurrent with the proposed project. MM TRN-2.9: Implement MM TRN-1.2. The VTP 2040 projects will enhance vehicular travel choices for the project (and project alternatives), and make more efficient use of the transportation roadway network, and the SR 85 Transit Guideway Study will help improve transit options in the SR 85 corridor. These freeway operations enhancements would not improve all impacted freeway segments to less than significant levels, however. The TDM Program proposed under the revised project and mitigation measure MM TRN-2.1 would reduce project - generated vehicle trips, thereby reducing the revised project impact on freeway segments, but it is not anticipated that the freeway impacts would be reduced to a less than significant level. For the above reasons, the revised project would remain significant and unavoidable with the implementation of MM TRN-2.1 and -2.9. VI. SIGNIFICANT ADVERSE IMPACTS IDENTIFIED IN THE FINAL EIR THAT ARE REDUCED TO A LESS -THAN -SIGNIFICANT LEVEL BY MITIGATION MEASURES ADOPTED AND INCORPORATED INTO THE PROJECT The Final EIR identifies the following significant impacts associated with the revised project. It is hereby determined that the impacts addressed by these mitigation measures will be mitigated to a less than significant level or avoided by adopting and incorporating these mitigation measures into the project. The findings in this section are based on the Draft EIR, the EIR Amendment, and the Final EIR, the discussion and analysis in which is hereby incorporated in full by this reference. A. Impact AQ -7. The revised project would expose sensitive receptors to substantial TAC pollutant concentrations. The EIR finds that the revised project would result in construction -related health risk exposures to sensitive receptors given the timeframe for construction and the amount of development. Construction equipment and associated heavy-duty truck traffic generates diesel exhaust, which is a known Toxic Air Contaminant (TAC). The primary community risk impact issues associated with construction emissions are cancer risk and exposure to PM2.5 from diesel exhaust. Accordingly, the maximum excess cancer risk would be 26.7 in one million, which exceeds the BAAQMD threshold of significance of 10 in one million. The maximum annual PM2.5 concentration, which is based on combined exhaust and fugitive dust emission, is 0.25 micrograms per cubic meter (µg/m3) and does not exceed the BAAQMD threshold of significance of 0.3 µg/m3. The maximum Hazard Index (non -cancer health hazards from TAC exposure) is 0.01, which is below the BAAQMD threshold of significance of 1.0. Implementation of MM AQ -7.1, set forth below, which is hereby adopted and incorporated into the project, would reduce the impact to a less than significant cumulative health risk impact. MM AQ -7.1: Future development under the revised project shall implement mitigation measure MM AQ -2.1 to reduce on-site diesel exhaust emissions, which would thereby reduce the maximum cancer risk due to construction of the project. B. Impact CR -2. The revised project would not significantly impact archaeological resources, human remains, or tribal cultural resources. The EIR finds that the revised project site would have a low to moderate potential for containing buried archaeological resources. To date, no archaeological resources have been recorded on or adjacent to the project site. Based on a conservative estimate of parking demand, it is anticipated that the project would require multiple levels of below grade parking across most of the site (51 acres). The below ground parking over 51 acres would require a maximum excavation depth of 20 to 50 feet for the project and project alternatives. If any archaeological resource, human remains, or tribal cultural resources be found during project excavation and grading activities, their disturbance would be a significant impact. Implementation of MM CR -2.1, MM CR -2.2, MM CR -2.3, and MM CR -2.4, set forth below, which are hereby adopted and incorporated into the project, would reduce the impact to a less than significant impact. MM CR -2.1: A qualified archaeological monitor shall be retained by the project proponent for future development under the revised project to inspect the ground surface at the completion of demolition activities as they occur to search for archaeological site indicators. Site indicators include, but are not limited to: darker than surrounding soils of a friable nature; evidence of fires (ash, charcoal, fire affected rock or earth); concentrations of stone, bone, or shellfish; artifacts of stone, bone, or shellfish, and burials, either human or animal. In the event that any indicators are discovered, work shall be halted within a sensitivity zone to be determined by the archaeologist. The archaeologist shall prepare a plan for the evaluation of the resource to the CRHP and submit the plan to the Cupertino Planning Department for review and approval prior to any construction related earthmoving within the identified zone of archaeological sensitivity. The plan shall also include appropriate recommendations regarding the significance of the find and the appropriate mitigation. The identified mitigation shall be implemented and can take the form of limited data retrieval through hand excavation coupled with continued archaeological monitoring inside of the archaeologically sensitive zone to ensure that significant data and materials are recorded and/or removed for analysis. Monitoring also serves to identify and thus limit damage to human remains and associated grave goods. MM CR -2.2: Pursuant to Section 7050.5 of the Health and Safety Code and Section 5097.94 of the Public Resources Code of the State of California, in the event of the discovery of human remains during construction of the revised project, there shall be no further excavation or disturbance of the site within a 100 foot radius of the remains or any nearby area reasonably suspected to overlie adjacent remains. The Santa Clara County Coroner shall be notified and shall make a determination as to whether the remains are Native American. If the Coroner determines that the remains are not subject to his authority, he shall notify the NAHC within 24 hours. The NAHC shall attempt to identify descendants of the deceased Native American. If no satisfactory agreement can be reached as to the disposition of the remains pursuant to this State law, then the land owner shall re -inter the human remains and items associated with Native American burials on the property in a location not subject to further subsurface disturbance. MM CR -2.3: If archaeological resources are identified during construction of the revised project, a final report summarizing the discovery of cultural materials shall be submitted to the City's Project Planner prior to issuance of building permits. This report shall contain a description of the mitigation program that was implemented and its results, including a description of the monitoring and testing program, a list of the resources found and conclusion, and a description of the dispositionlcuration of the resources. MM CR -2.4: The City of Cupertino shall coordinate with the applicable Native American tribal representatives following approval of a development on-site under the revised project to ensure appropriate cultural sensitivity training is provided to all contractors prior to the start of ground -disturbing activities. C. Impact HAZ-1. The revised project would not create a significant hazard to the public or the environment through routine transport, use, disposal, or foreseeable upset of hazardous materials; or emit hazardous emissions or hazardous materials within one-quarter mile of an existing or proposed school. The EIR finds that the revised project would result in a potential for on-site soil, soil vapor, and groundwater contamination above regulatory screening levels for residential and commercial uses due to historic and existing hazardous materials use, generation, and storage. Construction of the project would result in the demolition of existing structures and excavation up to a maximum dept of 20 to 50 feet for below ground parking. Unless properly handled and disposed of, the removal and transport of on-site hazardous materials could present a risk to the environment (including LP Collins Elementary School/Bright Horizons at Cupertino Pre -School, which are within 0.25 miles of the project site to the west), construction workers, and future occupants. The revised project does not propose any on-site use of hazardous materials other than small quantities of herbicides and pesticides for landscaping maintenance and cleaning and pool chemicals. The use, storage, and transportation and disposal of pool cleaning and maintenance chemicals would be managed in accordance with federal, state, and local laws and regulations that ensure on-site use, storage, transportation and disposal of chemicals will result in a less than significant impact. No other routine use, storage, transportation, or disposal of hazardous materials is anticipated as part of the project. Implementation of MM HAZ-1.1, MM HAZ-1.2, MM HAZ-1.3, and MM HAZ-1.4, set forth below, which are hereby adopted and incorporated into the project, would reduce on-site hazardous materials impacts from demolition, excavation, and construction to a less than significant level by creating and implementing an SMP and HSP to establish practices for properly handling contaminated materials, implementing measures during demolition activities to identify, remove, and clean up hazardous materials on-site, properly closing groundwater monitoring wells, and obtaining site closure from regulatory agencies. Thus, the impact would be reduced to a less than significant impact. MM HAZ-1.1: A Site Management Plan (SMP) and Health and Safety Plan (HSP) shall be prepared and implemented for demolition and redevelopment activities under the revised project. The purpose of the SMP and HSP is to establish appropriate management practices for handling impacted soil, soil vapor, and groundwater or other materials that may potentially be encountered during construction activities, especially in areas of former hazardous materials storage and use, and the profiling of soil planned for off-site disposal and/or reuse on-site. The SMP shall document former and suspect UST locations, hazardous materials transfer lines, oil - water separators, neutralization chambers, and hydraulic lifts, etc. The SMP shall also identify the protocols for accepting imported fill materials, if needed. The SMP and HSP shall be submitted to SCCDEH for approval and the approved SMP and HSP shall be submitted to the City Building Division prior to commencement of construction (including demolition) activities. MM HAZ-1.2: The site contains equipment and facilities associated with past activities that are known to or may contain residual hazardous materials. The following measures shall be implemented under the revised project during building demolition and shall be indicated on demolition plans: • Sears and JC Penney Automotive Centers: — Sears: Remnant piping that appears to have formerly distributed grease, oil and transmission fluid from storage locations to the service bays located along interior building walls, ceilings and within the basement shall be properly removed and disposed, and stains and residual oil shall be cleaned from the interior building surfaces. This work shall be coordinated with the SCCFD. — Sears: The below ground oil -water separator (connected to floor drains within the building) and an acid neutralization chamber (connected to drains within a former battery storage room) shall be cleaned and removed. This work shall be coordinated with the SCCFD and SCCDEH. Soil quality below each of the structures shall be evaluated via sampling and laboratory analyses. — Sears: The potential presence of a waste oil UST shall be further investigation by removing the access cover and, if uncertainty remains, the subsequent performance of a geophysical survey. If a UST is identified, it shall be removed in coordination with the SCCFD and SCCDEH, and underlying soil quality shall be evaluated. If no UST is identified, soil quality at the location of the waste oil UST, as depicted on the 1969 building plan, shall be evaluated via the collection of soil samples from borings for laboratory analyses. — Sears and JC Penney: Each of the below -ground lift casings and any associated hydraulic fluid piping and reservoirs from hydraulic lifts shall be removed and properly disposed. An Environmental Professional shall be retained to observe the removal activities and, if evidence of leakage is identified, soil sampling and laboratory analyses shall be conducted. — JC Penney: The project proponent shall obtain a permit from SCCDEH to properly remove and dispose of the 750 gallon oil -water separator during redevelopment activities. Collection and analysis of confirmation soil samples would be required under oversight of SCCDEH. • Existing staining and spilled oil on-site, including at the Sears Automotive Center and Cupertino Ice Center, shall be properly cleaned. When these facilities are demolished, an Environmental Professional shall be present to observe underlying soil for evidence of potential impacts and, if observed, collect soil samples for laboratory analyses. • If the lead-based paint on-site is flaking, peeling, or blistering, it shall be removed prior to demolition. Applicable OSHA regulations shall be followed; these include requirements for worker training and air monitoring and dust control. Any debris containing lead shall be disposed appropriately. • An asbestos survey shall be completed of the buildings prior to their demolition in accordance with the National Emissions Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants (NESHAP) guidelines. NESHAP guidelines require the removal of potentially friable ACMs prior to building demolition or renovation that may disturb the ACM. • Once existing buildings and improvements are removed, soil sampling shall be completed to evaluate if agricultural chemicals and lead are present. The agricultural pesticide sampling shall focus on former orchard and row crop areas, as well as in the vicinity of outbuilding (barns and sheds) that were formerly located on the southeast portion of the site. Testing for lead contamination shall be completed at the former structure locations. The sampling, which shall follow commonly accepted environmental protocols, shall be performed prior to soil excavation activities in order to appropriately profile the soil for off -haul to a disposal facility. The analytical data shall be compared to either residential screening levels andlor the specific acceptance criteria of the accepting facility. If this soil is planned to be reused on-site, it shall be compared to residential screening levels andlor natural background levels of metals. MM HAZ-1.3: Prior to issuance of demolition and/or grading permits, groundwater monitoring wells shall be properly destroyed in accordance with the SCVWD Ordinance 90-1. MM HAZ-1.4: As part of the facility closure process for occupants that use and/or store hazardous materials, the SCCFD and SCCDEH typically require that a closure plan be submitted by the occupant that describes required closure activities, such as removal of remaining hazardous materials, cleaning of hazardous material handling equipment, decontamination of building surfaces, and waste disposal practices, among others. Facility closures shall be coordinated with the Fire Department and SCCDEH to ensure that required closure activities are completed prior to issuance of demolition and/or grading permits. D. Impact N0I-2. The revised project would not expose persons to or generate excessive groundborne vibration. The EIR finds that the revised project may generate vibration when heavy equipment or impact tools (e.g., jackhammers, hydraulic demolition hammer/hoe ram) are used. The revised project construction activities, such as pile driving, drilling, the use of jackhammers, rock drills and other high-power or vibratory tools, and rolling stock equipment (tracked vehicles, compactors, etc.), may generate substantial vibration in the immediate vicinity. Implementation of MM NOI-2.1, set forth below, which is hereby adopted and incorporated into the project, would reduce the impact to a less than significant level by restricting construction noise/vibration exposure, implementing measure to minimize vibration, monitoring effects (if necessary), and notifying receptors. MM N0I-2.1: Where vibration levels due to construction activities under the revised project would exceed 0.3 in/sec PPV at nearby sensitive uses, development shall: • Comply with the construction noise ordinance to limit hours of exposure. The City's Municipal Code allows construction noise to exceed limits discussed in Section 10.48.040 during daytime hours. Certain types of construction are prohibited on weekends and all holidays pursuant to Municipal Code Sections 10.48.053(B), (C) and (D).12 12 Municipal Code Section 10.48.053(B): Notwithstanding Section 10.48.053A, it is a violation of this chapter to engage in any grading, street construction, demolition or underground utility work within seven hundred fifty feet of a residential area on Saturdays, Sundays and holidays, and during the nighttime period, except as provided in Section 10.48.030. Municipal Code Section 10.48.053(C): Construction, other than street construction, is prohibited on holidays, except as provided in Sections 10.48.029 and 10.48.030. Municipal Code Section 10.48.053(D): • In the event pile driving would be required, all receptors within 300 feet of the project site shall be notified of the schedule a minimum of one week prior to its commencement. The contractor shall implement "quiet" pile driving technology (such as pre -drilling of piles, the use of more than one pile driver to shorten the total pile driving duration, or the use of portable acoustical barriers), in consideration of geotechnical and structural requirements and conditions. • To the extent feasible, the project contractor shall phase high -vibration generating construction activities, such as pile driving/ground-impacting operations, so they do not occur at the same time with demolition and excavation activities in locations where the combined vibrations would potentially impact sensitive areas. • The project contractor shall select demolition methods not involving impact tools, where possible (for example, milling generates lower vibration levels than excavation using clam shell or chisel drops). • The project contractor shall avoid using vibratory rollers and packers near sensitive areas. • Impact pile driving shall be prohibited within 90 feet of an existing structure surrounding the project site. Vibratory pile driving shall be prohibited within 60 feet of an existing structure surrounding the project site. • Prohibit the use of heavy vibration -generating construction equipment, such as vibratory rollers or clam shovel, within 20 feet of any adjacent sensitive land use. • If pile driving is required in the vicinity of vibration -sensitive structures adjacent to the project site, survey conditions of existing structures and, when necessary, perform site- specific vibration studies to direct construction activities. Contractors shall continue to monitor effects of construction activities on surveyed sensitive structures and offer repair or compensation for damage. • Construction management plans for substantial construction projects, particularly those involving pile driving, shall include predefined vibration reduction measures, notification requirements for properties within 200 feet of scheduled construction activities, and contact information for on-site coordination and complaints. Construction, other than street construction, is prohibited during nighttime periods unless it meets the nighttime standards of Section 10.48.040. E. Impact UTIL-2. The revised project would require improvements to the existing sewer system, however, the construction of the improvements would not cause significant environmental effects. The EIR finds that the revised project would generate an estimated net increase of 0.59 mgd of sewage. Development of the project would exceed the current capacity of the 12-, 15-, and 27 -inch sewer mains serving the site. In addition, Cupertino Sanitary District flows with flows from the project would exceed the peak flow of 13.8 mgd of the City of Santa Clara interceptor located downstream of the project site. Implementation of MM UTIL-2.1, MM UTIL-2.2, and MM UTIL-2.3, set forth below, which are hereby adopted and incorporated into the project, would mitigate the project impact to the sewer system by making improvements to the sewer system in order to adequately convey flows from future development. The impact would be reduced to a less than significant level. MM UTIL-2.1: Future development under the revised project shall replace the existing 12- and 15 -inch sewer mains in Wolfe Road with new mains of an adequate size as determined by CuSD, or shall install an 18- to 21 -inch parallel pipe to the existing 12- and 15 -inch mains to accommodate existing and project flows. MM UTIL-2.2: Future development under the revised project shall replace the existing 27 -inch sewer main in Wolfe Road and Homestead Road with new mains of an adequate size determined by the CuSD, or install a parallel pipe of an adequate size to the existing 27 -inch sewer main as determined by CuSD. MM UTIL-2.3: No building permits shall be issued by the City for structures or units that would result in the permitted peak wet weather flow capacity of 13.8 mgd through the Santa Clara sanitary sewer system being exceeded. The estimated sewage generation by the revised project shall be calculated using the sewer generation rates used by the San Jose - Santa Clara Water Pollution Control Plant Specific Use Code & Sewer Coefficient table, and from the City of Santa Clara Sanitary Sewer Capacity Assessment, May 2007,1-1 unless alternative (i.e., lower) 13 The average dry weather sewerage generation rates used by the San Jose - Santa Clara Water Pollution Control Plant Specific Use Code & Sewer Coefficient table, and the City of Santa Clara Sanitary Sewer Capacity Assessment, May 2007, for the different uses within the project are as follows: High Density Residential = 121 gpd/unit; Commercial/Retail = 0.076 gpd/SF; Commercial/Restaurant = 1.04 gpd/SF; Office = 0.1 gpd/SF; Hotel = 100 gpd/Room; Civic Space (office) = 0.21 gpd/SF; Adult Education = 15 gpd/Person; and Civic Space (Auditorium) _ 0.11 gpd/SF. sewer generation rates achieved by future development are substantiated by the developer based on evidence to the satisfaction of the CuSD. VII. SIGNIFICANT AND UNAVOIDABLE CUMULATIVE IMPACTS WITH MITIGATION INCORPORATED An EIR is required to discuss the cumulative impacts of a project when the project's incremental effect is cumulatively considerable. CEQA Guidelines § 15130(a)(1). "Cumulatively considerable" means that the incremental effects of the project are significant when viewed in connection with the effects of past projects, other current projects, and probable future projects. CEQA Guidelines § 15065(a)(3); Pub. Resources Code § 21083(b)(2). The Final EIR analyzes the cumulative impacts of the project in combination with reasonably foreseeable probable future projects, which are listed in Table 2.6-1 of the Draft EIR. The Final EIR identifies the following significant and unavoidable adverse cumulative impacts associated with the approval of the Vallco Special Area Specific Plan Project, some of which can be reduced, although not to a less -than -significant level, through implementation of mitigation measures identified in the EIR. Pub. Resources Code § 21081(a)(1). For the same reasons discussed in Section V, above, some impacts will remain significant and unavoidable notwithstanding the adoption of feasible mitigation measures. To the extent that these mitigation measures will not mitigate or avoid all significant effects on the environment, and because the City cannot require mitigation measures that are within the responsibility and jurisdiction of other public agencies to be adopted or implemented by those other agencies, it is hereby determined that these significant and unavoidable adverse impacts are acceptable for the reasons specified in Section XI, below. Pub. Resources Code §21081(a)(3). As explained in Section XII, below, the findings in this Section are based on the Draft EIR, the EIR Amendment, and the Final EIR, the discussion and analysis in which is hereby incorporated in fully by this reference. A. Impact AQ -9. Implementation of the revised project would cumulatively contribute to cumulatively significant air quality impacts in the San Francisco Bay Area Air Basin. The EIR finds that the revised project would result in significant and unavoidable operational emissions (see Impact AQ -3) and would result in significant and unavoidable cumulative air quality impacts to the region's existing air quality conditions. Implementation of MM AQ -9.1, set forth below, which is hereby adopted and incorporated into the project, would reduce the impact but not to a less than significant level. Therefore, this impact is considered a significant and unavoidable cumulative impact. MM AQ -9.1: Implement MM AQ -3.1. B. Impact NOI-6. The revised project would result in a cumulatively considerable permanent noise level increase at existing residential land uses. The EIR finds that the revised project would result in significant cumulatively considerable permanent noise level increase at existing residential land uses. The project would substantially increase cumulative traffic noise levels along several roadway segments on the project site and surrounding area. The project's contribution would be one dBA CNEL, which is considered a significant cumulative traffic noise impact. Additionally, along Perimeter Road north of Stevens Creek Boulevard, an increase of seven to eight dBA was calculated under the cumulative plus project. The speed limit is expected to remain 15 mph in the future, and the eight -foot sound wall is expected to remain under future cumulative plus project condition. However, given that the increase is expected to exceed five dBA CNEL compared to existing conditions and the project's contribution to the increase is more than one dBA CNEL, a cumulatively considerable contribution to the overall traffic noise increase at the adjacent existing residential land uses would occur under the project and each alternative. This is a significant cumulative impact. Implementation of MM NOI-6.1, set forth below, which is hereby adopted and incorporated into the project, would reduce the cumulatively considerable contribution to a significant permanent cumulative noise impact at existing residences, but not to a less than significant level. The existing sound wall and sound insulation features of the existing residences may not change as a result of the project. Additionally, due to the 15 mph speed limit along Perimeter Road, quiet pavement and the installation of speed bumps may not reduce the noise level increase to a less than significant level on this street. Therefore, this impact is considered a significant and unavoidable cumulative impact. MM NOI-6.1: Implement MM NOI-3.1 to reduce project -generated noise level increases on Perimeter Road north of Stevens Creek Boulevard and Vallco Parkway east of North Wolfe Road. C. Impact TRN-6. The revised project would conflict with adopted policies, plans, or programs regarding public transit, bicycle, or pedestrian facilities or otherwise decrease the performance of safety of such facilities. The EIR finds that the revised project would result in delays to transit services in the area for existing with project conditions, background with project conditions, and cumulative with project conditions. These delays are caused by any roadway or intersection geometry changes proposed by the project, taking into account unique considerations of transit vehicles compared to autos, and automobile congestion caused by the project and any changes to signal operations proposed by the project. Implementation of MM TRN-6.1, set forth below, which is hereby adopted and incorporated into the project, would reduce the cumulative impact, but not to a less than significant level. Therefore, this impact is considered a significant and unavoidable cumulative impact. MM TRN-6.1: The VTA's VTP 2040 identifies the Stevens Creek Bus Rapid Transit project (VTP ID T4) as an improvement near the project site. Ultimately, the VTP ID T4 would enhance travel choice for the revised project and make more efficient use of the transportation network. Thus, future development under the revised project would be required to contribute its fair -share contribution of $4,832,000.00 to VTP ID T4. The impact would remain significant and unavoidable, however, because the implementation of the VTP projects are within the responsibility and jurisdiction of another agency and the City cannot guarantee the improvement would be implemented concurrent with the revised project. D. Impact TRN-7. The revised project would result in a cumulatively considerable contribution to a significant cumulative transportation impact. The EIR finds that the revised project would result in significant intersection level of service impacts under cumulative with project conditions, defined as cumulative conditions plus traffic generated by the buildout of the project and transportation network infrastructure proposed by the project, at the following 18 intersections: 2. Stevens Creek Boulevard/SR 85 Northbound Ramps (east) (City of Cupertino)* — AM peak hour; 8. De Anza Boulevard/Homestead Road (City of Cupertino) * - PM peak hour; 11. De Anza Boulevard/Stevens Creek Boulevard (City of Cupertino) - PM peak hour; 12. De Anza Boulevard/McClellan Road/Pacifica Drive (City of Cupertino) - PM peak hour; 23. Wolfe Road/Fremont Avenue (City of Sunnyvale) - PM peak hour; 26. Wolfe Road/Homestead Road (City of Cupertino) - PM peak hour; 31. Wolfe Road/Vallco Parkway (City of Cupertino) - PM peak hour; 32. Wolfe Road -Miller Avenue/Stevens Creek Boulevard (City of Cupertino)* - AM and PM peak hours; 42. Stevens Creek Boulevard/Tantau Avenue (City of Cupertino) - AM peak hour; 43. Stevens Creek Boulevard/Stern Avenue (City of Santa Clara) - AM and PM peak hours; 44. Stevens Creek Boulevard/Calvert Drive/I-280 Ramps (west) (City of Santa Clara)* - AM and PM peak hours 45. Stevens Creek Boulevard/Agilent Driveway (City of Santa Clara) - AM peak hour; 48. Lawrence Expressway/Homestead Road (Santa Clara County)* - PM peak hour; 51. Lawrence Expressway/Calvert Drive -I-280 Southbound Ramp (City of San Jose)* - AM peak hour; 53. Lawrence Expressway/Bollinger Road (Santa Clara County)* - AM and PM peak hour; 55. Lawrence Expressway/Prospect Road (Santa Clara County)* - AM peak hour; 60. Stevens Creek Boulevard/Cabot Avenue (City of Santa Clara) - PM peak hour; and 66. Lawrence Expressway/Reed Avenue -Monroe Street (Santa Clara County) - PM peak hour. The revised project would also result in a significant freeway level of service impacts under cumulative with project conditions at 15 mixed flow lanes in the AM peak hour, 22 mixed flow lanes in the PM peak hour, 12 HOV lanes in the AM peak hour, and eight HOV lanes in the PM peak hour. Implementation of MM TRN-7.1, MM TRN-7.2, MM TRN-7.3, MM TRN-7.4, MM TRN- 7.5, MM TRN-7.6, MM TRN-7.7, MM TRN-7.8, MM TRN-7.9, MM TRN-7.10, MM TRN- 7.11, MM TRN-7.12, MM TRN-7.13, MM TRN-7.14, MM TRN-7.15, and MM TRN-7.16, set forth below, which are hereby adopted and incorporated into the project, would reduce the cumulative impact, but not to a less than significant level. Therefore, this impact is considered a significant and unavoidable cumulative impact. MM TRN-7.1: Implement MM TRN-1.1. The TDM program is expected to reduce the severity of intersection and freeway impacts, although not necessarily to a less than significant level. MM TRN-7.2: Intersection 2, Stevens Creek BoulevardlSR 85 northbound ramps: The City's TIF Program identifies the addition of an exclusive northbound left -turn lane from the SR 85 off - ramp onto westbound Stevens Creek Boulevard. This improvement would mitigate the revised project's impact to a less than significant level. Future development under the revised project shall pay transportation mitigation fees as calculated pursuant to the TIF program to mitigate this impact. However, because the TIF improvements are not fully funding and the timing of implementation is not known at this time, the impact to Intersection 2 is considered significant and unavoidable. MM TRN-7.3: Intersection 8, De Anza Boulevard/Homestead Road: The City's TIF Program identifies the widening of De Anza Boulevard to four through lanes between the I-280 interchange and Homestead Road. This improvement would mitigate the revised project's impact to a less than significant level. Future development under the revised project shall pay transportation mitigation fees as calculated pursuant to the TIF program to mitigate this impact. However, because the TIF improvements are not fully funding and the timing of implementation is not known at this time, the impact to Intersection 8 is considered significant and unavoidable. MM TRN-7.4: Intersection 12, De Anza Boulevard/McClellan Road: Implement MM TRN- 1.2. Implementation of MM TRN-1.2 would improve intersection operations to better than cumulative (without) revised project conditions. However, because the TIF improvements are not fully funded and the timing of implementation is not known at this time, the impact is considered significant and unavoidable. MM TRN-7.5: Intersection 23, Wolfe RoadlFremont Avenue: Provide a dedicated southbound right -turn lane from Wolfe Road onto westbound Fremont Avenue. The intersection would continue to operate at unacceptable LOS E under the project, but the delay would be reduced to a level lower than cumulative conditions. Thus, the impact would be mitigated to a less than significant level. The City of Sunnyvale recently approved improvements to the "Triangle" area of Wolfe RoadlEl Camino Real, Wolfe RoadlFremont Avenue, and El Camino Real/Fremont Avenue. The "Triangle" improvements include the provision of a southbound right -turn lane from Wolfe Road to Fremont Avenue. Thus, future development under the revised project would be required to contribute their fair -share contribution of $527,000.00 to the "Triangle" improvement project. The impact would remain significant and unavoidable, however, because the intersection is within the responsibility and jurisdiction of another agency and the City cannot guarantee the improvement would be constructed concurrent with the proposed project. MM TRN-7.6: Intersection 26, Wolfe RoadlHomestead Road: Provide a dedicated southbound right -turn lane from Wolfe Road onto westbound Homestead Road. To minimize secondary impacts to pedestrian travel, the right -turn lanes would need to be signal controlled, right -turns on red would be prohibited, and pedestrians should have a leading pedestrian phase (i.e., a pedestrian walk indication is provided several seconds before the right -turning vehicle traffic). This mitigation measures would improve intersection operations but not to a less than significant level. The City's TIF Program includes the provision of the dedicated southbound right -turn lane. Future development under the revised project shall pay transportation mitigation fees as calculated pursuant to the TIF program to mitigate this impact. However, because the TIF improvements are not fully funding and the timing of implementation is not known at this time, the impact to Intersection 26 is considered significant and unavoidable. MM TRN-7.7: Intersection 31, Wolfe Road/Vallco Parkway: Implement MM TRN-2.3. Implementation of this measure would mitigate the revised project's cumulative impact to a less than significant level. MM TRN-7.8: Intersection 42, Stevens Creek BoulevardlTantau Avenue: Implement MM TRN-2.4. Because the TIF improvements are not fully funding and the timing of implementation is not known at this time, the impact is considered significant and unavoidable. MM TRN-7.9: Intersections 43-45: Implement MM TRN-2.5. As discussed under Impact TRN-2, implementation of this measure would reduce the revised project's impact but not to a less than significant level. MM TRN-7.10: Intersection 48, Lawrence Expressway/Homestead Road: Implement MM TRN-2.6. As discussed under MM TRN-2.6, the revised project shall pay a fair -share contribution of $291,000.00 to the long-term improvement identified in the Santa Clara County's Expressway Plan 2040 Study for this intersection. The impact would remain significant and unavoidable, however, because the intersection is within the responsibility and jurisdiction of another agency and the City cannot guarantee the improvement would be constructed concurrent with the proposed project. MM TRN-7.11: Intersection 51, Lawrence Expressway/Calvert Drive -I-280 Southbound Ramp: Implement MM TRN-2.7. The impact is significant and unavoidable because the feasibility of the improvement is yet to be determined, the impact would remain significant and unavoidable, and because the intersection is within the responsibility and jurisdiction of another agency and the City cannot guarantee the improvement would be constructed concurrent with the proposed project. MM TRN-7.12: Intersection 53, Lawrence Expressway/Bollinger Road: Implement MM TRN- 2.8. Implementation of this measure would improve intersection operations to an acceptable LOS E or better. The impact would remain significant and unavoidable, however, because the intersection is within the responsibility and jurisdiction of another agency and the City cannot guarantee the improvement would be constructed concurrent with the proposed project. MM TRN-7.13: Intersection 60, Stevens Creek Boulevard/Cabot Avenue: Contribute a fair - share contribution of $23,000.00 to a traffic signal timing study and implementation of the revised timings on Stevens Creek Boulevard at Cabot Avenue. The revised project impact would likely improve with modifications to the signal timings as traffic volumes change. The impact would be significant and unavoidable, however, because the effectiveness of the improvement would be determined through the signal timing study and because the intersection is within the responsibility and jurisdiction of another agency and the City cannot guarantee the implementation of the signal timing study. MM TRN-7.14: Intersection 38, Tantau AvenuelHomestead Road: Restripe the southbound approach (Quail Avenue) to provide a separate left -turn lane and shared throughlright-turn lane (including removal of on -street parking). This improvement is included in the City's TIF Program and would improve intersection operations to an acceptable LOS D. Future development under the revised project shall pay transportation mitigation fees as calculated pursuant to the TIF program to mitigate this impact. However, because the TIF improvements are not fully funded and the timing of implementation is not known at this time, the impact is considered significant and unavoidable. MM TRN-7.15: Implement MM TRN-1.3. The VTP 2040 projects will enhance vehicular travel choices for the project (and project alternatives), and make more efficient use of the transportation roadway network, and the SR 85 Transit Guideway Study will help improve transit options in the SR 85 corridor. These freeway operations enhancements would not improve all impacted freeway segments to less than significant levels, however. The TDM Program proposed under the revised project and mitigation measure MM TRN-7.1 would reduce project - generated vehicle trips, thereby reducing the revised project impact on freeway segments, but it is not anticipated that the freeway impacts would be reduced to a less than significant level. For the above reasons, the revised project would remain significant and unavoidable with the implementation of MM TRN-7.1 and -7.15. MM TRN-7.16: Intersection 3, Stevens Creek BoulevardlStelling Road: Provide an additional second eastbound left -turn lane from Stevens Creek Boulevard onto northbound Stelling Road. This mitigation measure would improve intersection operations to an acceptable LOS D. The City's TIF Program identifies the addition of a second eastbound left -turn lane from Stevens Creek Boulevard onto northbound Stelling Road as a General Plan Mitigation Measure. Future development under the revised project shall pay transportation mitigation fees as calculated pursuant to the TIF program to mitigate this impact. However, because the TIF improvements are not fully funded and the timing of implementation is not known at this time, the impact is considered significant and unavoidable. VIII. SIGNIFICANT ADVERSE CUMULATIVE IMPACTS IDENTIFIED IN THE FINAL EIR THAT ARE REDUCED TO A LESS -THAN -SIGNIFICANT LEVEL BY MITIGATION MEASURES ADOPTED AND INCORPORATED INTO THE PROJECT The Final EIR identifies the following significant cumulative impacts associated with the revised project. It is hereby determined that the cumulative impacts addressed by these mitigation measures will be mitigated to a less than significant cumulative level or avoided by adopting and incorporating these mitigation measures into the project. The findings in this section are based on the Draft EIR, EIR Amendment, and Final EIR, the discussion and analysis in which is hereby incorporated in full by this reference. A. Impact CR -4. The revised project would not result in a cumulatively considerable contribution to a significant cumulative cultural resources impact. The EIR finds that the development of cumulative projects in proximity to the project site, in conjunction with the development of the revised project could significantly impact unknown buried archaeological resources. The cumulative projects are required to comply with federal, state, and local regulations put in place to protect cultural resources. Implementation of MM CR -4.1, set forth below, which is hereby adopted and incorporated into the project, would avoid and/or minimize impacts to buried cultural resources to a less than significant level. Thus, the revised project would not have a cumulatively considerable contribution to a significant cumulative cultural resources impact. MM CR -4.1: Implement MM CR -2.1 through MM CR -2.4. B. Impact GHG-1. The revised project would not generate cumulatively considerable GHG emissions that would result in a significant cumulative impact to the environment. The EIR finds that the revised project would result in construction -related GHG emissions. The revised project will have annual GHG emissions of 3.5 MTCO2e/year/service population, which exceeds the significance threshold of 2.6 MTCO2e/year/service population. Implementation of MM GHG-1.1, set forth below, which is hereby adopted and incorporated into the project, would reduce the project emissions impact to a less than significant level by implementing a GHG Reduction Plan that would offset and/or reduce GHG emission to below the significance threshold. MM GHG-1.1: Under the revised project, the project proponent shall prepare and implement a GHG Reduction Plan to offset the revised project -related incremental increase of greenhouse gas emissions resulting in the exceedance of the significance threshold of 2.6 MTCO2e/year/service population. Refinement of the estimated GHG emissions from the revised project shall be completed as part of the GHG Reduction Plan in order to reflect the most current and accurate data available regarding the project's estimated emissions (including emission rates). The GHG Reduction Plan shall include the implementation of a qualifying TDM program to reduce mobile GHG emissions. Additional offsets and reductions may include, but are not limited to, the following: • Construct on-site or fund off-site carbon sequestration projects (such as a forestry or wetlands projects for which inventory and reporting protocols have been adopted). If the revised project develops an off-site project, it must be registered with the Climate Action Reserve or otherwise approved by BAAQMD in order to be used to offset project (or project alternative) emissions; and/or Purchase of carbon credits to offset revised project annual emissions. Carbon offset credits shall be verified and registered with The Climate Registry, the Climate Action Reserve, or another source approved by CARB or BAAQMD. The preference for offset carbon credit purchases include those that can be achieved as follows: 1) within the City; 2) within the San Francisco Bay Area Air Basin, 3) within the State of California, then 4) elsewhere in the United States. Provisions of evidence of payments, and funding of an escrow -type account or endowment fund would be overseen by the City. C. Impact HAZ-6. The revised project would not have a cumulatively considerable contribution to a significant cumulative hazardous materials impact. The EIR finds that the revised project could result in significant cumulative environmental impacts because of existing conditions in the geographic area that could lead to the exposure of people and the environment to hazardous materials. The geographic area for cumulative hazards and hazardous materials impacts includes the project site and the surrounding area. Some of the projects included in the cumulative analysis are proposed on properties that were previously developed with industrial or commercial uses. It is likely that hazardous materials may have been stored and used on, and/or transported to and from, some of these properties as part of activities on the sites. In addition, many of the properties in Cupertino and surrounding cities were used for agricultural purposes prior to their urban development and agricultural chemicals, such as pesticides and fertilizers, may have been used on these sites in the past. The use of these chemicals can result in residual soil contamination, sometimes in concentrations that exceed regulatory thresholds. Further, development and redevelopment of some of the cumulative projects sites would require demolition of existing buildings that may contain lead-based paint and/or ACMs. Demolition of these structures could expose construction workers or other persons in the vicinity to harmful levels of lead and/or ACMs. Implementation of MM HAZ-6.1, set forth below, which is hereby adopted and incorporated into the project, would reduce the project impact to a less than significant level. With the inclusion of development -specific mitigation and compliance with existing statutes and regulations, the cumulative projects and revised project would not result in significant cumulative hazardous materials impacts. MM HAZ-6.1: Implement MM HAZ-1.1 through -1.4. IX. GROWTH INDUCING IMPACTS An EIR is required to discuss growth inducing impacts, which consist of the ways in which the project could foster economic or population growth, or the construction of additional housing, either directly or indirectly, in the surrounding environment. CEQA Guidelines § 15126.2(d); Pub. Resources Code § 21100(b)(5). Direct growth inducement would result, for example, if a project involves the construction of substantial new housing that would support increased population in a community or establishes substantial new permanent employment opportunities. This additional population could, in turn, increase demands for public utilities, public services, roads, and other infrastructure. Indirect growth inducement would result if a project stimulates economic activity that requires physical development or removes an obstacle to growth and development (e.g., increasing infrastructure capacity that would enable new or additional development). It must not be assumed that growth in any area is necessarily beneficial, detrimental, or of little significant to the environment. State CEQA Guidelines §15126.2(d). Section 4.0 of the Draft EIR analyzes the growth inducing impacts of the Vallco Special Area Specific Plan. As explained in Section XII, below, the findings in this Section are based on the Draft EIR, the EIR Amendment, and Final EIR, the discussion and analysis in which is hereby incorporated in full by this reference. A. Direct Growth Inducement The project would result in direct economic growth because the proposed uses include new employment, and other land uses that generate tax revenues for public services. The project would also result in direct population growth. However, the residential population growth from the project would not constitute substantial population growth in the area because it would occur on an infill site, is consistent with General Plan goals for focused and sustainable growth, and supports the intensification of development in an urbanized area currently served by existing roads, transit, utilities, and public services. The revised project would allow 1,399 more residential units than anticipated with the buildout of the City's General Plan, but these additional units are within the Plan Bay Area Projections for the City and County. The projected number of employees from the project are anticipated in the citywide buildout of the General Plan. Thus, the direct impact would be less than significant. B. Indirect Growth Inducement The project would not result in significant indirect growth -inducing impacts. The project site is located in an urbanized, infill site that is served by existing infrastructure, including roadways and utilities. The growth that could result from development consistent with the specific plan could tax existing community service facilities. The project includes infrastructure improvements to mitigate the impacts on community service facilities to a less than significant level. Utility improvements would be sized to serve the proposed development and would not have excess capacity. Thus, the utility improvements would not remove obstacles to population growth. In addition, the project would pay all applicable impact fees and taxes, which would offset impacts to public facilities and services, including police and fire, schools, and parks. As a result, growth associated with the implementation of the project would not have a significant impact on community service facilities, nor would it make a cumulatively considerable contribution to such impacts, requiring construction of new facilities that could cause significant environmental effects. Thus, the indirect impact would be less than significant. X. ALTERNATIVES The Draft EIR analyzed four alternatives to the previous project (including the No Project Alternative), and the EIR Amendment analyzed a fifth alternative (the Housing Rich Alternative). The previous project was revised in the Final EIR (the "revised project"); therefore, the Final EIR analyzed the revised project, the previous project, four development alternatives, and the No Project Alternative, and compared the alternatives to the revised project as required by CEQA Guidelines Section 15126.6. The alternatives are briefly summarized below and described in Section 7.0 of the Draft EIR, the Sections 3.0 and 8.1 of the EIR Amendment, and Table 2.1-12 and Section 6.0 (Text Revisions) of the Final EIR. Brief summaries of the evaluated alternatives are provided below. As explained in Section XII, below, the findings in this Section are based on the Draft EIR, the EIR Amendment, and the Final EIR, the discussion and analysis in which is hereby incorporated in full by this reference, and on the record as a whole. A. No Project Alternative CEQA requires consideration of a no project alternative. Consistent with the State CEQA Guidelines, the No Project Alternative assumes the continuation of existing plans and policies. Under the No Project Alternative, the project site could remain as it currently exists (i.e., an existing shopping mall that is approximately 15 percent occupied) with little or no change. The No Project Alternative would not achieve any of the project objectives, which are set forth in Section II, above, because it does not facilitate the development of the site into a regional, mixed-use housing, multi -modal, sustainable development. For the foregoing reasons, the No Project Alternative is hereby rejected. B. Previous Project The previous project is considered an alternative to the revised project. Consistent with the adopted General Plan, the previous project would facilitate development of a minimum of 600,000 square feet of commercial uses, up to 2.0 million square feet of office uses, up to 339 hotel rooms, and up to 800 residential dwelling units on-site. The previous project reflects the buildout assumptions (including the adopted residential allocation available) for the site in the City's adopted General Plan. In addition, the previous project includes up to 65,000 square feet of civic spaces in the form of governmental office space, meeting rooms and community rooms and a Science Technology Engineering and Mathematics (STEM) lab, as well as a 30 -acre green roof. Compared to the revised project, the previous project proposes the same land uses but contains different amounts of commercial, office, residential, and civic space development proposed. All other aspects of the previous project (including on-site amenities, maximum building height, setbacks, General Plan and zoning amendments, and other programming elements) are the same as the revised project. The previous project would be less effective in meeting project objective 2 of providing adequate development capacity for more housing to meet the City's Regional Housing Needs Allocation. The previous project would only provide 800 residential dwelling units, which is significantly less housing compared to the revised project proposal for 2,923 residential units. The previous project would, therefore, also fail to address the City's expressed desire to improve the jobs and housing balance, as discussed at the Council's June 4, 2018 Study Session on the Vallco Specific Plan. For the foregoing reasons, the previous project is hereby rejected. C. General Plan Buildout with Maximum Residential Alternative The General Plan Buildout with Maximum Residential alternative consists of the potential development on the site if the residential portion of the project were developed at the General Plan maximum allowable density of up to 35 du/ac. The General Plan, however, controls residential development through an allocation system. This alternative assumes that there are no residential allocation controls in place and development can occur at the maximum density allowed by the General Plan. This alternative assumes the same amount of commercial, hotel, civic, and green roof development as the previous project, and a smaller amount of office development (1.0 million square feet) than the previous project. While the General Plan Buildout with Maximum Residential Alternative would meet all of the project objectives because the alternative includes a mix of uses (including housing) and sales tax revenue generating commercial uses, and could create a multi- modal, sustainable development, it would not meet the project objectives to the same degree as the revised project because it would not provide all the community benefits desired by the City Council as expressed in their comments at the June 4, 2018 study session. The General Plan Buildout with Maximum Residential Alternative does not include construction, or funding for construction, of a new City Hall. For the foregoing reasons, the General Plan Buildout with Maximum Residential Alternative is hereby rejected. D. Retail and Residential Alternative The Retail and Residential Alternative consists of developing the site without any office use. The retail commercial component is assumed to be 600,000 square feet, and the residential density is dependent on a preliminary economic feasibility analysis of constructing this alternative. While the Retail and Residential Alternative could meet all six of the project objectives because the alternative includes a mix of uses (including housing) and sales tax revenue generating commercial uses, and could create a multi -modal, sustainable development, it would not meet the project objectives to the same degree as the revised project. Although the Retail and Residential Alternative addresses the City's desire for further housing, it does not provide community benefits. For the foregoing reasons, the Retail and Residential Alternative is hereby rejected. E. Occupied/Re-Tenanted Mall Alternative The Occupied/Re-Tenanted Mall Alternative was discussed in response to the desire by some members of the community to see the existing mall remain and be successfully occupied/re-tenanted. It is assumed under this alternative that no new structures would be constructed on-site and no modifications to the existing building layout and heights would occur. Exterior and interior modifications would likely be made in order to update the mall to current standards for aesthetics and lighting and Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) compliance. Because this alternative would not meet most of the project objectives and would be economically infeasible, as discussed below, it is discussed in the EIR for informational purposes only. The Occupied/Re-Tenanted Mall Alternative would meet objective 4 of providing the City with sales tax revenue. However, the Occupied/ Re -Tenanted Mall Alternative would not meet objective 1 or 2 of creating a mixed-use Town Center and providing housing. Because this alternative would not result in the redevelopment of the project site, it would not meet objectives 5 and 6 of creating a multi -modal, sustainable development. Therefore, the Occupied/Re-Tenanted Mall Alternative would not meet most of the project objectives. In addition, Occupied/Re-Tenanted Mall Alternative would be economically infeasible for the reasons stated in the Vallco Special Area Real Estate Market Assessment completed for this site in March 2018 by Economic & Planning Systems, Inc., which is incorporated herein by reference. The Vallco Special Area Real Estate Market Assessment concludes that retail reuse of the existing mall would be highly unlikely given its location between well-established regional malls and lifestyle centers (e.g., Westfield Valley Fair, Santana Row, Stanford Shopping Center, and Great Mall). 14 This alternative, therefore, also does not meet objective 3. For the foregoing reasons, the Occupied/Re-Tenanted Mall Alternative is hereby rejected. F. Housing Rich Alternative The Housing Rich Alternative was identified in response to community and City interest in having a greater number of housing units with a greater than 15 percent below -market -rate housing component and the inclusion of substantial community amenities such as a performing arts center, civic space, educational space, a robust transportation contribution, and enough office development on the site to support the additional community amenities and the higher below-market rate component. The Housing Rich Alternative consists of 3,250 residential units, 1.5 million square feet of office uses, 600,000 square feet of commercial uses, 65,000 square feet of civic uses (consisting of a 50,000 square foot City Hall and 15,000 square feet of adult education space), and a 30 -acre green roof. It is estimated that the Housing Rich Alternative would require approximately 13,880 parking spaces, most of which would be located below ground. Excavation depths of approximately 20 to 50 feet would be required for below ground parking, which would result in approximately 2.1 million cubic yards of soil being hauled off-site. While the Housing Rich Alternative would meet all six of the project objectives identified in the Draft EIR because the alternative includes a mix of used (including housing) and sales tax revenue generating commercial uses, and could create a multi- modal, sustainable development, it would not meet the project objectives to the same degree as the revised project because it would not provide all the community benefits desired by the City. 14 Economic & Planning Systems, Inc. Vallco Special Area Real Estate Market Assessment. March 6, 2018. Pages 2-3. In addition, the Housing Rich Alternative would have greater environmental impacts than the revised project. The Housing Rich Alternative would have higher annual construction emissions than the revised project. As shown in Table 2.1-1 in the Final EIR, the Housing Rich Alternative will produce more ROG and NO., emissions than the revised project during construction (Impact AQ -2). The Housing Rich Alternative will produce greater operational ROG emissions than the revised project (Impact AQ -3). As shown in Table 2.1-3 in the Final EIR, the Housing Rich Alternative will have a greater demand for natural gas than the revised project during operation (Impact EN -2). The Housing Rich Alternative also would have slightly higher construction -related GHG emissions than the revised project, as shown in Table 2.1-4 of the Final EIR (Impact GHG-1). It will also produce greater average daily trips and PM peak hour trips in comparison to the revised project, as shown in Table 2.1-6 of the Final EIR, and higher net sewage generation, water demand, and solid waste generation, as shown in Tables 2.1-8,2.1-9, and 2.1-10 of the Final EIR (Impacts UTIL-1, UTIL-2, UTIL-3, UTIL-5, and UTIL-6). For the foregoing reason, the Housing Rich Alternative is hereby rejected. G. Environmentally Superior Alternative On the basis of the analysis of the Draft EIR, the City finds that the No Project Alternative is the environmentally superior alternative. The No Project Alternative would avoid all of the project's significant impacts. CEQA Guidelines Section 15126.6(e)(2), however, states that "if the environmentally superior alternative is the No Project Alternative, the EIR shall also identify an environmentally superior alternative among the other alternatives." Therefore, the Retail and Residential Alternative is the environmentally superior alternative, because it would result in reduced impacts for the alternative compared to the revised project for the following impacts: Impact AQ-, Impact AQ -3, Impact AQ -4, Impact AQ -6, Impact AQ -9, Impact EN -1, Impact EN -3, Impact GHG-1, Impact NOI-3, Impact NOI-6, Impact TRN-1, Impact TRN-2, Impact TRN-6, Impact TRN-7, Impact UTIL-3, Impact UTIL-5, Impact UTIL-6, and Impact UTIL-7. XI. STATEMENT OF OVERRING CONSIDERATIONS As set forth above, the City has found that some of the adverse environmental impacts of the Vallco Special Area Specific Plan project remain significant following adoption and implementation of mitigation measures described in the EIR and incorporated into the Project. Section 15093(b) of the CEQA Guidelines provides that when the decision of the public agency results in the occurrence of significant impacts that are not avoided or substantially lessened, the agency must state in writing the reasons to support its actions. Having balanced the benefits of the revised project against its significant and unavoidable environmental impacts, the City finds that the project's benefits outweigh its unavoidable adverse environmental effects, and that the adverse environmental effects are therefore acceptable. The City further finds that each of the project benefits discussed below is a separate and independent basis for these findings. The reasons set forth below are based on the Final EIR and other information in the administrative record. A. The revised project will occur on an infill site in an existing urbanized area in Cupertino, which will result in environmental benefits because it will not directly or indirectly lead to development of greenfield sites in the San Francisco Bay Area. B. The revised project is consistent with the General Plan in that it will increase the number of places to live within the Plan Area. The plan supports infill development, conversion of vacant and outdated buildings, and location of housing near employment centers to reduce the use of single occupancy cars, increase commute choices reduce long commutes, reduce the use of fossil fuels, improve energy efficiency, reduce carbon dioxide emissions, and help meet air quality standards. Thus, the project will further the General Plan goals expressed in Policies LU -1 through LU - 9 and Strategies LU -1.19.3 through LU -1.19.6 and LU -1.19.9 through LU - 1.19.9 through LU -1.19.1.14. C. The revised project will meet and exceeds the City's Regional Housing Needs Allocation (RHNA) of 1,064 units by providing 2,923 residential units. D. Twenty percent of the residential units will be affordable at the following percentages: 15% will be a mix of units affordable at very low and low income levels, and 5% will be affordable at a moderate income level. E. The revised project will provide additional non -single occupancy vehicular transportation opportunities under the Tier 2 Development Program, including an approximately 1,000 square foot mobility hub with bicycle facilities; funding of up to $1,000,000 for a one-year Pilot Community Shuttle, with additional $750,000 per year for ongoing operations if the project is successful; an areawide Transportation Demand Management program which will be implemented by the areawide Transportation Management Association that would provide services to all users of the site and also ensure that office trips meet specified caps with a goal of 34 percent non -single occupancy vehicle rate; and a total of $11,000,000 to fund work on the 1-280/Wolfe Road interchange and the Junipero Serra/Pedestrian Trail (a bike and pedestrian trail along I-280). F. The revised project will provide additional open space, including publicly accessible pedestrian walkways, open space provided on the bridge over Wolfe Road, and public park and plazas designed in accordance with the Specific Plan. G. The revised project will provide multiple civic improvements in the Plan Area under the Tier 2 Development Program, including a "warm shell" performing arts center for the City (or an in lieu payment of $22,8000,000, if the City opts out); rebuilding existing City Hall (or if not approved and available for construction within 24 months, an in lieu payment of $30,000,000); providing a 25,000 square foot "warm shell" space for adult school and high school innovation space to the Fremont Union High School District (or an in lieu payment of $9,500,000), and donation of $9,500,000 to Cupertino Union School District; and using good faith efforts to provide approximately 40,000 square feet in co -working or incubator space. XII. INCORPORATION BY REFERENCE These findings incorporate the text of the Final Program Environmental Impact Report for the Vallco Special Area Specific Plan project by reference and in their entirety. Without limitation, this incorporation is intended to elaborate on the scope and nature of mitigation measures, the basis for determining the significance of impacts, the comparative analysis of alternatives, the determination of the environmentally superior alternative, and the reasons for approving the Project in spite of the potential for associated significant and unavoidable adverse impacts. XIII. RECIRCULATION NOT REQUIRED No significant new information was added to the Draft EIR, the EIR Amendment, or the Final EIR as a result of the public comment process. The Final EIR responds to comments, and clarifies, amplifies, and makes insignificant modifications to the Draft EIR and EIR Amendment. It does not identify any new significant effects on the environment or a substantial increase in the severity of an environmental impact requiring major revisions to the Draft EIR and EIR Amendment. Similarly, the revised project would not result in new or substantially more severed significant impacts than disclosed previously in the Draft EIR and EIR Amendment. The Supplemental Text Revisions memo makes additional clarifications, amplification and insignificant modifications to the EIR, including minor corrections to the text. Therefore, recirculation of the EIR is not required. XIV. RECORD OF PROCEEDINGS Various documents and other materials related to the revised project constitute the record of proceedings upon which the City bases its findings and decisions contained herein. Those documents and materials are located in the offices of the custodian for the documents and materials, which is the City of Cupertino Community Development Department, Cupertino City Hall, 10300 Torre Avenue, Cupertino, CA 95014-3202. XV. SUMMARY A. Based on the foregoing Findings and the information contained in the record, the City has made one of more of the following Findings with respect to each of the significant effects of the Project: 1. Changes or alterations have been required in, or incorporated into, the Project that avoid or substantially lessen the significant environmental effects identified in the Final EIR. 2. Those changes or alterations are within the responsibility and jurisdiction of another public agency and have been, or can and should be, adopted by that other public agency. 3. Specific economic, legal, social, technological, or other considerations, make infeasible the mitigation measures or alternatives identified in the Final EIR that would otherwise avoid or substantially lessen the identified significant environmental effects of the Project. B. Based on the foregoing Findings and the information contained in the record, the City determines that: 1. All significant effects on the environment due to the approval of the Project have been eliminated or substantially lessened where feasible. 2. Any remaining significant effects on the environment found to be unavoidable are acceptable due to the factors described in the Statement of Overriding Considerations, above. EXHIBIT EA -2 MITIGATION MONITORING OR REPORTING PROGRAM Vallco Town Center Specific Plan CITY OF CUPERTINO August 2018 PREFACE Section 21081 of the California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA) requires a Lead Agency to adopt a Mitigation Monitoring or Reporting Program whenever it approves a project for which measures have been required to mitigate or avoid significant effects on the environment. The purpose of the monitoring or reporting program is to ensure compliance with the mitigation measures during project implementation. On September X, 2018, the City Council certified the Environmental Impact Report (EIR) for the Vallco Special Area Specific Plan project. The Final EIR concluded that the implementation of the project could result in significant effects on the environment and mitigation measures were adopted and incorporated into the project or are required as a condition of project approval. This Mitigation Monitoring or Reporting Program addresses those measures in terms of how and when they will be implemented. The attached table includes columns that show: 1) each mitigation measure identified in the Final EIR as finally adopted; 2) the procedure for implementing each mitigation measure; 3) the City entity responsible and procedure for monitoring and reporting implementation of each mitigation measure; and 4) the timing for implementation of each mitigation measure. In addition, this Mitigation Monitoring or Reporting Program lists Standard Permit Conditions, which are measures required to comply with laws and regulations, and City Conditions of Approval, for purposes of tracking responsibility for and timing of implementation of each, even though these conditions are not mitigation measures. This document does not discuss those subjects for which the EIR concluded that mitigation measures would not be required to reduce significant impacts. Mitigation Monitoring or Reporting Program Vallco Town Center Specific Plan Implementing Timeframe for Agency Responsible for Monitoring Mitigation Measure Procedure Implementation Monitoring Action/Frequency Air Quality Project applicant shall During Demolition, City of Cupertino - Construction MM AQ -2.1: Future development under the revised prepare a comprehensive Grading and Public Works Management Plan project shall implement the following BAAQMD- Construction Construction Department and Review and Approval recommended measures to control dust, particulate matter, Management Plan to Environmental and review of and diesel exhaust emissions during construction: ensure that the air Services and monthly reports pollution control Community submitted/Prior to Basic Measures measures identified in Development issuance of grading, Mitigation Measure AQ- Department - building, or 1. All exposed surfaces (e.g., parking areas, staging 2.1 are incorporated into Building occupancy permits, areas, soil piles, graded areas, and unpaved access the construction plans periodic reporting as roads) shall be watered two times per day. for the project and required and periodic 2. All haul trucks transporting soil, sand, or other loose implemented at the inspections during material off-site shall be covered. project site. The project scheduled 3. All visible mud or dirt track -out onto adjacent public applicant will submit construction site roads shall be removed using wet power vacuum periodic audit reports inspections by street sweepers at least once per day. The use of dry prepared by the building and Public power sweeping is prohibited. construction manager. Works Inspectors. 4. All vehicle speeds on unpaved roads shall be limited to 15 miles per hour (mph). 5. All roadways, driveways, and sidewalks to be paved shall be completed as soon as possible. Building pads shall be laid as soon as possible after grading unless seeding or soil binders are used. 6. Idling times shall be minimized either by shutting equipment off when not in use or reducing the maximum idling time to two minutes unless subject to state law exemptions (e.g., safety issues). Clear signage shall be provided for construction workers at all access points. Vallco Town Center Specific Plan 2 City of Cupertino Mitigation Monitoring or Reporting Program Vallco Town Center Specific Plan Implementing Timeframe for Agency Responsible for Monitoring Mitigation Measure Procedure Implementation Monitoring Action/Frequency 7. All construction equipment shall be maintained and properly tuned in accordance with manufacturer's specifications. All equipment shall be checked by a certified mechanic and determined to be running in proper condition prior to operation. 8. Post a publicly visible sign with the telephone number and person to contact at the Lead Agency regarding dust complaints. This person shall respond and take corrective action within 48 hours. The Air District's phone number shall also be visible to ensure compliance with applicable regulations. Applicable Enhanced Control Measures 9. All exposed surfaces shall be watered at a frequency adequate to maintain minimum soil moisture of 12 percent. Moisture content can be verified by lab samples or moisture probe. 10. All excavation, grading, and/or demolition activities shall be suspended when average wind speeds exceed 20 mph and visible dust extends beyond site boundaries. 11. Wind breaks (e.g., trees, fences) shall be installed on the windward side(s) of actively disturbed areas of construction adjacent to sensitive receptors. Wind breaks should have at maximum 50 percent air porosity. 12. Vegetative ground cover (e.g., fast -germinating native grass seed) shall be planted in disturbed areas as soon as possible and watered appropriately until vegetation is established. Vallco Town Center Specific Plan 3 City of Cupertino Mitigation Monitoring or Reporting Program Vallco Town Center Specific Plan Implementing Timeframe for Agency Responsible for Monitoring Mitigation Measure Procedure Implementation Monitoring Action/Frequency 13. The simultaneous occurrence of excavation, grading, and ground -disturbing construction activities on the same area at any one time shall be limited. Activities shall be phased to reduce the amount of disturbed surfaces at any one time. 14. Avoid tracking of visible soil material on to public roadways by employing the following measures if necessary: (1) Site accesses to a distance of 100 feet from public paved roads shall be treated with a 6 to 12 inch compacted layer of wood chips, mulch, or gravel and (2) washing truck tires and construction equipment of prior to leaving the site. 15. Sandbags or other erosion control measures shall be installed to prevent silt runoff to public roadways from sites with a slope greater than one percent. 16. Minimizing the idling time of diesel powered construction equipment to two minutes unless subject to state law exemptions (e.g., safety issues). 17. The project shall develop a plan demonstrating that the off-road equipment (more than 25 horsepower) to be used in the construction project (i.e., owned, leased, and subcontractor vehicles) would achieve a minimum project wide fleet -average 25 percent NOX reduction and 65 percent PM (particulate matter) exhaust reduction compared to the CalEEMod modeled average used in this report. Acceptable options for reducing emissions include the use of late model engines, low -emission diesel products, alternative fuels, engine retrofit technology, after- treatment products, add-on devices such as particulate Vallco Town Center Specific Plan 4 City of Cupertino Mitigation Monitoring or Reporting Program Vallco Town Center Specific Plan Implementing Timeframe for Agency Responsible for Monitoring Mitigation Measure Procedure Implementation Monitoring Action/Frequency filters, and/or other options as such become available. The following are feasible methods: • All construction equipment larger than 25 horsepower used at the site for more than two continuous days or 20 hours total shall meet EPA Tier 4 emission standards for NO,, and PM, where feasible. • If Tier 4 equipment is not feasible, all construction equipment larger than 25 horsepower used at the site for more than two continuous days or 20 hours total shall meet EPA emission standards for Tier 3 engines and include particulate matter emissions control equivalent to CARB Level 3 verifiable diesel emission control devices that altogether achieve an 85 percent reduction in particulate matter exhaust. Exhaust Control Measures • Use of alternatively -fueled equipment with lower NOX emissions that meet the NOX and PM reduction requirements above. • Diesel engines, whether for off-road equipment or on -road vehicles, shall not be left idling for more than two minutes, except as provided in exceptions to the applicable state regulations (e.g., traffic conditions, safe operating conditions). The construction sites shall have posted legible and visible signs in designated queuing areas and at the Vallco Town Center Specific Plan 5 City of Cupertino Mitigation Monitoring or Reporting Program Vallco Town Center Specific Plan Implementing Timeframe for Agency Responsible for Monitoring Mitigation Measure Procedure Implementation Monitoring Action/Frequency construction site to clearly notify operators of idling limit. • All on -road heavy-duty diesel trucks with a gross vehicle weight rating of 33,000 pounds or greater (EMFAC Category HDDT) used at the project site (such as haul trucks, water trucks, dump trucks, and concrete trucks) shall be model year 2010 or newer. • Develop a Transportation Demand Management program for construction worker travel that includes transit and carpool subsides in order to reduce worker trips. • Provide line power to the site during the early phases of construction to minimize the use of diesel powered stationary equipment, such as generators. • A project -specific construction management plan describing the measures to minimize construction emissions shall be required of future development. As part of the construction management plan, the on-site Construction Manager shall ensure and regularly document that equipment, trucks, and architectural coatings meet the above mitigation requirements. The documentation shall be submitted regularly to the City for review and compliance. Vallco Town Center Specific Plan 6 City of Cupertino Mitigation Monitoring or Reporting Program Vallco Town Center Specific Plan Mitigation Measure MM AQ -3.1: Future development under the revised project shall use low-VOC paint (i.e., 50 g/L or less) on operational architectural coatings and no hearths or fireplaces (including natural gas -powered) shall be installed in the residential units. MM AQ -4.1: Implement MM AQ -3.1. MM AQ -6.1: Implement MM AQ -2.1. MM AQ -7.1: Future development under the revised project shall implement mitigation measure MM AQ -2.1 to reduce on-site diesel exhaust emissions, which would thereby reduce the maximum cancer risk due to construction of the project. MM AQ -9.1: Implement MM AQ -3.1. MM CR -2.1: A qualified archaeological monitor shall be retained by the project proponent for future development under the revised project to inspect the ground surface at the completion of demolition activities as they occur to search for archaeological site indicators. Site indicators include, but are not limited to: darker than surrounding soils of a friable nature; evidence of fires (ash, charcoal, fire affected rock or earth); concentrations of stone, bone, or shellfish; artifacts of stone, bone, or shellfish; and burials, either human or animal. Implementing Procedure Project applicant shall indicate compliance with AQ -3 on all construction plans prior to issuance of building permits. Same as MM AQ -3.1. Same as MM AQ -2.1 Same as MM AQ -2.1 Same as MM AQ -3.1 Timeframe for Implementation During Construction Same as MM AQ - 3.1. Same as MM AQ - 2.1 Same as MM AQ - 2.1 Same as MM AQ - 3.1 Cultural Resources Project applicant shall During Demolition, provide a report prior to Grading and final demolition Construction inspection for each phase of demolition to indicate compliance with MM CR -2.1. If indicators are found, a plan must be prepared and submitted to the City pursuant to MM CR -2.1. Agency Responsible for Monitoring City of Cupertino Community Development Department — Planning and Building Same as MM AQ - 3.1. Same as MM AQ - 2.1 Same as MM AQ - 2.1 Same as MM AQ - 3.1 Consulting Archaeologist and City of Cupertino Community Development Department — Planning and Building Monitoring Action/Frequency Plan Review and Approval/Prior to issuance of building, permits Same as MM AQ - 3.1. Same as MM AQ -2.1 Same as MM AQ -2.1 Same as MM AQ -3.1 Report and Plan Review and Approval/Prior to demolition final inspection and if resources unearthed, as needed Vallco Town Center Specific Plan 7 City of Cupertino Mitigation Monitoring or Reporting Program Vallco Town Center Specific Plan Implementing Timeframe for Agency Responsible for Monitoring Mitigation Measure Procedure Implementation Monitoring Action/Frequency In the event that any indicators are discovered, work shall be halted within a sensitivity zone to be determined by the archaeologist. The archaeologist shall prepare a plan for the evaluation of the resource to the CRHP and submit the plan to the Cupertino Planning Department for review and approval prior to any construction related earthmoving within the identified zone of archaeological sensitivity. The plan shall also include appropriate recommendations regarding the significance of the find and the appropriate mitigation. The identified mitigation shall be implemented and can take the form of limited data retrieval through hand excavation coupled with continued archaeological monitoring inside of the archaeologically sensitive zone to ensure that significant data and materials are recorded and/or removed for analysis. Monitoring also serves to identify and thus limit damage to human remains and associated grave goods. MM CR -2.2: Pursuant to Section 7050.5 of the Health Project applicant to During demolition, Santa Clara County Ensure proper and Safety Code and Section 5097.94 of the Public ensure that excavation grading and Coroner/NAHC/City internment of Resources Code of the State of California, in the event of or disturbance of the site construction of Cupertino — remains/if and when the discovery of human remains during construction of the within 100 -feet of any Community remains are found. revised project, there shall be no further excavation or remains found. Notify Development disturbance of the site within a 100 -foot radius of the SCC Coroner. Department — remains or any nearby area reasonably suspected to overlie Building adjacent remains. The Santa Clara County Coroner shall be notified and shall make a determination as to whether the remains are Native American. If the Coroner determines that the remains are not subject to his authority, he shall notify the NAHC within 24 hours. The NAHC shall attempt to identify descendants of the deceased Native American. If no satisfactory agreement can be Vallco Town Center Specific Plan 8 City of Cupertino Mitigation Monitoring or Reporting Program Vallco Town Center Specific Plan Mitigation Measure reached as to the disposition of the remains pursuant to this State law, then the land owner shall re -inter the human remains and items associated with Native American burials on the property in a location not subject to further subsurface disturbance. MM CR -2.3: If archaeological resources are identified during construction of the revised project, a final report summarizing the discovery of cultural materials shall be submitted to the City's Project Planner prior to issuance of building permits. This report shall contain a description of the mitigation program that was implemented and its results, including a description of the monitoring and testing program, a list of the resources found and conclusion, and a description of the disposition/curation of the resources. MM CR -2.4: The City of Cupertino shall coordinate with the applicable Native American tribal representatives following approval of a development on-site under the revised project to ensure appropriate cultural sensitivity training is provided to all contractors prior to the start of ground -disturbing activities. Implementing Procedure Project applicant to retain a project archaeologist in the event cultural materials are found and ensure that a report including items included in MM CR -2.3 is prepared. Project applicant to ensure that appropriate measures are incorporated into the Construction Management Plan to address this MM CR -4.1: Implement MM CR -2.1 through MM CR- Same as MM CR -2.1 2.4. through MM CR -2.4 Timeframe for Implementation During demolition, grading and construction During demolition, grading and construction Same as MM CR - 2.1 through MM CR -2.4 Agency Responsible for Monitoring City of Cupertino Community Development Department — Planning City of Cupertino — Community Development Department - Planning Same as MM CR - 2.1 through MM CR -2.4 Monitoring Action/Frequency Review and approve report/ if and when cultural material is found. Coordinate with Native American tribal representatives and ensure measures incorporated into Construction Management Plan Same as MM CR -2.1 through MM CR -2.4 Vallco Town Center Specific Plan 9 City of Cupertino Greenhouse Gas Emissions MM GHG-1.1: Under the revised project, the Project applicant shall During Construction City of Cupertino Prior to issuance of project proponent shall prepare and implement a GHG prepare and submit a and Operation Community — building and/or Reduction Plan to offset the revised project -related GHG Reduction Plan for Environmental occupancy permits, incremental increase of greenhouse gas emissions resulting review and approval. Services and as applicable. Vallco Town Center Specific Plan 9 City of Cupertino Mitigation Monitoring or Reporting Program Vallco Town Center Specific Plan Implementing Timeframe for Agency Responsible for Monitoring Mitigation Measure Procedure Implementation Monitoring Action/Frequency in the exceedance of the significance threshold of 2.6 Sustainability; A Annually by MTCOae/year/service population. Refinement of the source approved by December 31 st in estimated GHG emissions from the revised project shall be CARB or conjunction with completed as part of the GHG Reduction Plan in order to BAAQMD for TDM monitoring reflect the most current and accurate data available verification of report. regarding the project's estimated emissions (including carbon offsets. emission rates). The GHG Reduction Plan shall include the implementation of a qualifying TDM program to reduce mobile GHG emissions. Additional offsets and reductions may include, but are not limited to, the following: • Construct on-site or fund off-site carbon sequestration projects (such as a forestry or wetlands projects for which inventory and reporting protocols have been adopted). If the revised project develops an off-site project, it must be registered with the Climate Action Reserve or otherwise approved by BAAQMD in order to be used to offset project (or project alternative) emissions; and/or • Purchase of carbon credits to offset revised project annual emissions. Carbon offset credits shall be verified and registered with The Climate Registry, the Climate Action Reserve, or another source approved by CARB or BAAQMD. The preference for offset carbon credit purchases include those that can be achieved as follows: 1) within the City; 2) within the San Francisco Bay Area Air Basin; 3) within the State of California; then 4) elsewhere in the United States. Provisions of evidence of payments, and funding of an escrow -type account or endowment fund would be overseen by the City. Vallco Town Center Specific Plan 10 City of Cupertino Mitigation Monitoring or Reporting Program Vallco Town Center Specific Plan Implementing Timeframe for Agency Responsible for Monitoring Mitigation Measure Procedure Implementation Monitoring Action/Frequency Hazards and Hazardous Materials MM HAZ-1.1: A Site Management Plan (SMP) and Project applicant shall Prior to demolition, . (SCCDEH) -SMP SCCDEH to approve Health and Safety Plan (HSP) shall be prepared and prepare and submit a grading and/or and HSP SMP and HSP /Prior implemented for demolition and redevelopment activities SMP and HSP to the construction. . (SCCFD) - to issuance and under the revised project. The purpose of the SMP and Santa Clara County Verification of grading, demolition, HSP is to establish appropriate management practices for Department of implementation of or building permits handling impacted soil, soil vapor, and groundwater or Environmental Health approved SMP and and prior to final other materials that may potentially be encountered during (SCCDEH) for review gsp occupancy. construction activities, especially in areas of former hazardous materials storage and use, and the profiling of and approval. The soil planned for off-site disposal and/or reuse on-site. The approved SMP and HSP SMP shall document former and suspect UST locations, shall be submitted to the hazardous materials transfer lines, oil -water separators, City of Cupertino neutralization chambers, and hydraulic lifts, etc. The SMP Community shall also identify the protocols for accepting imported fill Development materials, if needed. The SMP and HSP shall be Department — Building submitted to SCCDEH for approval and the approved for implementation by SMP and HSP shall be submitted to the City Building the Santa Clara County Division prior to commencement of construction Fire District. (including demolition) activities. MM HAZ-1.2: The site contains equipment and Project Applicant to During demolition Santa Clara County SCCDEH and facilities associated with past activities that are known to indicate the specific Department of SCCFD to ensure or may contain residual hazardous materials. The items identified in Environmental removal of all following measures shall be implemented under the demolition plans and Health, Santa Clara identified equipment. revised project during building demolition and shall be coordinate removal of County Fire District Reports to indicate indicated on demolition plans: theP�p i es USTs etc. compliance to be • Sears and JC Penney Automotive Centers: submitted to the City of Cupertino Building — Sears: Remnant piping that appears to have n to Department/ prior n formerly distributed grease, oil and transmission issuance grading fluid from storage locations to the service bays permits located along interior building walls, ceilings and within the basement shall be properly removed and Vallco Town Center Specific Plan 11 City of Cupertino Mitigation Monitoring or Reporting Program Vallco Town Center Specific Plan Implementing Timeframe for Agency Responsible for Monitoring Mitigation Measure Procedure Implementation Monitoring Action/Frequency disposed, and stains and residual oil shall be cleaned from the interior building surfaces. This work shall be coordinated with the SCCFD. — Sears: The below ground oil -water separator (connected to floor drains within the building) and an acid neutralization chamber (connected to drains within a former battery storage room) shall be cleaned and removed. This work shall be coordinated with the SCCFD and SCCDEH. Soil quality below each of the structures shall be evaluated via sampling and laboratory analyses. — Sears: The potential presence of a waste oil UST shall be further investigation by removing the access cover and, if uncertainty remains, the subsequent performance of a geophysical survey. If a UST is identified, it shall be removed in coordination with the SCCFD and SCCDEH, and underlying soil quality shall be evaluated. If no UST is identified, soil quality at the location of the waste oil UST, as depicted on the 1969 building plan, shall be evaluated via the collection of soil samples from borings for laboratory analyses. — Sears and JC Penney: Each of the below -ground lift casings and any associated hydraulic fluid piping and reservoirs from hydraulic lifts shall be removed and properly disposed. An Environmental Professional shall be retained to observe the removal activities and, if evidence of leakage is identified, soil sampling and laboratory analyses shall be conducted. Vallco Town Center Specific Plan 12 City of Cupertino Mitigation Monitoring or Reporting Program Vallco Town Center Specific Plan Implementing Timeframe for Agency Responsible for Monitoring Mitigation Measure Procedure Implementation Monitoring Action/Frequency — JC Penney: The project proponent shall obtain a permit from SCCDEH to properly remove and dispose of the 750 gallon oil -water separator during redevelopment activities. Collection and analysis of confirmation soil samples would be required under oversight of SCCDEH. • Existing staining and spilled oil on-site, including at the Sears Automotive Center and Cupertino Ice Center, shall be properly cleaned. When these facilities are demolished, an Environmental Professional shall be present to observe underlying soil for evidence of potential impacts and, if observed, collect soil samples for laboratory analyses. • If the lead-based paint on-site is flaking, peeling, or blistering, it shall be removed prior to demolition. Applicable OSHA regulations shall be followed; these include requirements for worker training and air monitoring and dust control. Any debris containing lead shall be disposed appropriately. • An asbestos survey shall be completed of the buildings prior to their demolition in accordance with the National Emissions Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants (NESHAP) guidelines. NESHAP guidelines require the removal of potentially friable ACMs prior to building demolition or renovation that may disturb the ACM. • Once existing buildings and improvements are removed, soil sampling shall be completed to evaluate if agricultural chemicals and lead are present. The agricultural pesticide sampling shall focus on former orchard and row crop areas, as well as in the vicinity of Vallco Town Center Specific Plan 13 City of Cupertino Mitigation Monitoring or Reporting Program Vallco Town Center Specific Plan Implementing Timeframe for Agency Monitoring Mitigation Measure Procedure Implementation Responsible for Action/Frequency Monitoring outbuilding (barns and sheds) that were formerly located on the southeast portion of the site. Testing for lead contamination shall be completed at the former structure locations. The sampling, which shall follow commonly accepted environmental protocols, shall be performed prior to soil excavation activities in order to appropriately profile the soil for off -haul to a disposal facility. The analytical data shall be compared to either residential screening levels and/or the specific acceptance criteria of the accepting facility. If this soil is planned to be reused on-site, it shall be compared to residential screening levels and/or natural background levels of metals. MM HAZ-1.3:Prior to issuance of demolition and/or Project applicant to During demolition Santa Clara Valley Review and approve grading permits, groundwater monitoring wells shall be coordinate with and grading Water District/City removal of properly destroyed in accordance with the SCVWD SCVWD on of Cupertino — groundwater Ordinance 90-1. groundwater monitoring Public Works and/or monitoring well removal Building wells/prior to Department issuance of demolition and grading permits, clearance must be approved from the SCVWD to ensure that this work is being completed in compliance with their requirements prior to issuance of demolition and/or grading permits. A Vallco Town Center Specific Plan 14 City of Cupertino Mitigation Monitoring or Reporting Program Vallco Town Center Specific Plan Implementing Timeframe for Agency Monitoring Mitigation Measure Procedure Implementation Responsible for Action/Frequency Monitoring letter indicating satisfaction with the removal must be submitted to the City prior to issuance of building permits. MM HAZ-1.4:As part of the facility closure process for Project applicant to During demolition SCCDEH and Review and approve occupants that use and/or store hazardous materials, the submit a closure plan and/or grading as SCCFD/City of closure plan/accept SCCFD and SCCDEH typically require that a closure plan appropriate Cupertino — final approved be submitted by the occupant that describes required Community closure plan and closure activities, such as removal of remaining hazardous Development — ensure materials, cleaning of hazardous material handling Building implementation equipment, decontamination of building surfaces, and waste disposal practices, among others. Facility closures shall be coordinated with the Fire Department and SCCDEH to ensure that required closure activities are completed prior to issuance of demolition and/or grading permits. MM HAZ-6.1: Implement MM HAZ-1.1 through -1.4. Same as MM HAZ-1.1 Same as MM HAZ- Same as MM HAZ- Same as MM HAZ- through MM HAZ 1.4 1.1 through MM 1.1 through MM 1.1 through MM HAZ 1.4 HAZ 1.4 HAZ 1.4 Noise and Vibration Vallco Town Center Specific Plan 15 City of Cupertino Mitigation Monitoring or Reporting Program Vallco Town Center Specific Plan Implementing Timeframe for Agency Responsible for Monitoring Mitigation Measure Procedure Implementation Monitoring Action/Frequency MM NOI-1.1: Construction activities under the revised Project applicant shall During demolition, Cupertino Review and approve project shall be conducted in accordance with provisions prepare a comprehensive grading and/or Community construction of the City's Municipal Code which limit temporary Construction construction Development management plan and construction work to daytime hours,' Monday through Management Plan to Department — ensure Friday. Certain types of construction are prohibited on ensure compliance with Building and implementation of the weekends and all holidays pursuant to Municipal Code Sections 10.48.053(B), (C) and (D). Further, the City MM NOI-1.1. Notes Cupertino — Public construction requires that all equipment have high-quality noise shall be included on all Works Department management mufflers and abatement devices installed and are in good construction documents plan/Prior to issuance condition. Additionally, the construction crew shall adhere to ensure adherence to of demolition, to the following construction best management practices noise limitations. grading, building listed in MM NOI-1.2 below to reduce construction noise permit and levels emanating from the site and minimize disruption periodically during and annoyance at existing noise -sensitive receptors in the project construction project vicinity. activities MM NOI-1.2: Future development shall prepare and Project applicant shall During demolition, Cupertino Review and approve submit a construction noise control plan to the City's prepare a comprehensive grading and/or Community construction Building Department and Code Enforcement for review Construction construction Development management plan and and approval. The on-site Construction Manager shall Management Plan to Department — ensure implement the construction noise control plan, which ensure compliance with Building and implementation of the would include, but not be limited to, the following MM N0I-1.2. Notes Planning and construction available controls: shall be included on all Cupertino — Public management construction documents Works Department plan/Prior to issuance to ensure adherence to of demolition, noise limitations. grading, building permit and 1 Per Municipal Code Section 10.48.010, daytime is defined as the period from 7:00 AM to 8:00 PM weekdays. 2 Municipal Code Section 10.48.053(B): Notwithstanding Section 10.48.053A, it is a violation of this chapter to engage in any grading, street construction, demolition or underground utility work within seven hundred fifty feet of a residential area on Saturdays, Sundays and holidays, and during the nighttime period, except as provided in Section 10.48.030. Municipal Code Section 10.48.053(C): Construction, other than street construction, is prohibited on holidays, except as provided in Sections 10.48.029 and 10.48.030. Municipal Code Section 10.48.053(D): Construction, other than street construction, is prohibited during nighttime periods unless it meets the nighttime standards of Section 10.48.040. Vallco Town Center Specific Plan 16 City of Cupertino Mitigation Monitoring or Reporting Program Vallco Town Center Specific Plan Implementing Timeframe for Agency Responsible for Monitoring Mitigation Measure Procedure Implementation Monitoring Action/Frequency • Construct temporary noise barriers, where feasible, to periodically during screen stationary noise -generating equipment. project construction Temporary noise barrier fences would provide a five activities dBA noise reduction if the noise barrier interrupts the line -of -sight between the noise source and receptor and if the barrier is constructed in a manner that eliminates any cracks or gaps. • Equip all internal combustion engine -driven equipment with intake and exhaust mufflers that are in good condition and appropriate for the equipment. • Enforce idling limit of two minutes for internal combustion engines unless subject to state law exemptions (e.g., safety issues). • Locate stationary noise -generating equipment, such as air compressors or portable power generators, as far as possible from sensitive receptors as feasible. If they must be located near receptors, adequate muffling (with enclosures where feasible and appropriate) shall be used to reduce noise levels at the adjacent sensitive receptors. Any enclosure openings or venting shall face away from sensitive receptors. • Utilize "quiet" air compressors and other stationary noise sources where technology exists. • Construction staging areas shall be established at locations that would create the greatest distance between the construction -related noise sources and noise -sensitive receptors nearest the project site during all project construction. Vallco Town Center Specific Plan 17 City of Cupertino Mitigation Monitoring or Reporting Program Vallco Town Center Specific Plan Implementing Timeframe for Agency Responsible for Monitoring Mitigation Measure Procedure Implementation Monitoring Action/Frequency • Locate material stockpiles, as well as maintenance/equipment staging and parking areas, as far as feasible from residential receptors. • Control noise from construction workers' radios to a point where they are not audible at existing residences bordering the project site. • If impact pile driving is proposed, temporary noise control blanket barriers shall shroud pile drivers or be erected in a manner to shield the adjacent land uses. • If impact pile driving is proposed, foundation pile holes shall be pre -drilled to minimize the number of impacts required to seat the pile. Pre -drilling foundation pile holes is a standard construction noise control technique. Pre -drilling reduces the number of blows required to seat the pile. Notify all adjacent land uses of the construction schedule in writing. • The contractor shall prepare a detailed construction schedule for major noise -generating construction activities and provide it to adjacent land uses. The construction plan shall identify a procedure for coordination with adjacent residential land uses so that construction activities can be scheduled to minimize noise disturbance. Vallco Town Center Specific Plan 18 City of Cupertino Mitigation Monitoring or Reporting Program Vallco Town Center Specific Plan Implementing Timeframe for Agency Responsible for Monitoring Mitigation Measure Procedure Implementation Monitoring Action/Frequency • Designate a "disturbance coordinator" who would be responsible for responding to any complaints about construction noise. The disturbance coordinator would determine the cause of the noise complaint (e.g., bad muffler, etc.) and would require that reasonable measures be implemented to correct the problem. The telephone number for the disturbance coordinator shall be conspicuously posted at the construction site and included in the notice sent to neighbors regarding the construction schedule. MM NOI-1.3: A qualified acoustical consultant shall be Project applicant to During construction City of Cupertino — Review report and retained for development under the revised project to submit reports prior to Community approve building review mechanical noise, as these systems are selected, to installation of Development permits/prior to determine specific noise reduction measures necessary to mechanical systems to Department — issuance of building ensure noise complies with the City's noise level ensure compliance Planning permits for requirements. Mechanical equipment shall be selected and mechanical designed to reduce impacts on surrounding uses to meet the City's noise level requirements. Noise reduction equipment. measures could include, but are not limited to: • Selection of equipment that emits low noise levels; • Installation of noise dampening techniques, such as enclosures and parapet walls, to block the line -of -sight between the noise source and the nearest receptors; • Locating equipment in less noise -sensitive areas, where feasible. Vallco Town Center Specific Plan 19 City of Cupertino Mitigation Monitoring or Reporting Program Vallco Town Center Specific Plan Implementing Timeframe for Agency Responsible for Monitoring Mitigation Measure Procedure Implementation Monitoring Action/Frequency MM NOI-1.4: Section 10.48.062 prohibits deliveries Project applicant to During project City of Cupertino — Review plans for between 8:00 PM and 8:00 AM on weekdays and between include appropriate review, construction Community compliance/prior to 6:00 PM and 9:00 AM on weekends and holidays, which measures on plans prior and operation Development approval of planning shall be enforced as part of the revised project. to issuance of Master Department — entitlements and/or Additionally, the effect of loading zone activities would be Site Development Planning and building permits as evaluated for noise impacts and help determine design permit, Architectural Recreation and appropriate decisions once project -specific information for the revised and Site Approvals Community Services project, such as type and size of the commercial uses, hours of operation, frequency of deliveries, and location of and/or building permits Department - Code loading zones, is available. Noise reduction measures as appropriate. Project Enforcement could include, but are not limited to, the following: applicant to ensure • Move loading zones inside (e.g., within parking appropriate signage is structures), where possible, and as far from adjacent included on site and that residential uses as possible. site design is sensitive to • Implement a no idling policy at all locations that ensure compliance. requires engines to be turned off after two minutes. • Recess truck docks into the ground or locate them within parking structures. • Equip loading bay doors with rubberized gasket type seals to allow little loading noise to escape. MM NOI-1.5: Prior to issuance of building permits, a Project applicant to During project City of Cupertino Review plans for noise study shall be completed to determine noise levels provide acoustical report review, construction Community compliance/prior to due to truck deliveries at the proposed buildings, and the if regular truck and operation Development approval of building specific noise control that shall be implemented to reduce deliveries and loading is Department — permits noise levels below the City's thresholds at adjacent expecting adjacent to the Planning and residential property lines shall be identified. residential property lines Recreation and prior to issuance of Community Services building permits Department — Code Enforcement Vallco Town Center Specific Plan 20 City of Cupertino Mitigation Monitoring or Reporting Program Vallco Town Center Specific Plan Implementing Timeframe for Agency Responsible for Monitoring Mitigation Measure Procedure Implementation Monitoring Action/Frequency MM NOI-2.1: Where vibration levels due to construction Project applicant shall During demolition, Cupertino Review and approve activities under the revised project would exceed 0.3 in/sec prepare a comprehensive grading and/or Community construction PPV at nearby sensitive uses, development shall: Construction construction Development management plan and • Comply with the construction noise ordinance to limit Management Plan to Department — ensure hours of exposure. The City's Municipal Code allows ensure compliance with Building and implementation of the construction noise to exceed limits discussed in Section MM N0I-1.2. Notes Planning and construction 10.48.040 during daytime hours. Certain types of shall be included on all Cupertino — Public management construction are prohibited on weekends and all construction documents Works Department plan/Prior to issuance holidays pursuant to Municipal Code Sections to ensure adherence to of demolition, 10.48.053(B), (C), and (D). noise limitations. grading, building • In the event pile driving would be required, all receptors permit and within 300 feet of the project site shall be notified of the periodically during schedule a minimum of one week prior to its project construction commencement. The contractor shall implement activities. "quiet" pile driving technology (such as pre -drilling of piles, the use of more than one pile driver to shorten the total pile driving duration, or the use of portable acoustical barriers), in consideration of geotechnical and structural requirements and conditions. • To the extent feasible, the project contractor shall phase high -vibration generating construction activities, such as pile driving/ground-impacting operations, so they do not occur at the same time with demolition and excavation activities in locations where the combined vibrations would potentially impact sensitive areas. • The project contractor shall select demolition methods not involving impact tools, where possible (for example, milling generates lower vibration levels than excavation using clam shell or chisel drops). • The project contractor shall avoid using vibratory rollers and packers near sensitive areas. Vallco Town Center Specific Plan 21 City of Cupertino Mitigation Monitoring or Reporting Program Vallco Town Center Specific Plan Implementing Timeframe for Agency Responsible for Monitoring Mitigation Measure Procedure Implementation Monitoring Action/Frequency • Impact pile driving shall be prohibited within 90 feet of an existing structure surrounding the project site. Vibratory pile driving shall be prohibited within 60 feet of an existing structure surrounding the project site. • Prohibit the use of heavy vibration -generating construction equipment, such as vibratory rollers or clam shovel, within 20 feet of any adjacent sensitive land use. • If pile driving is required in the vicinity of vibration - sensitive structures adjacent to the project site, survey conditions of existing structures and, when necessary, perform site-specific vibration studies to direct construction activities. Contractors shall continue to monitor effects of construction activities on surveyed sensitive structures and offer repair or compensation for damage. Construction management plans for substantial construction projects, particularly those involving pile driving, shall include predefined vibration reduction measures, notification requirements for properties within 200 feet of scheduled construction activities, and contact information for on-site coordination and complaints. MM NOI-3.1: Future development under the revised Project applicant shall During construction. Cupertino Prior to issuance of project shall implement available measures to reduce indicate the noise Community grading, building, or project -generated noise level increases from project traffic reduction methods Development occupancy permit and on Perimeter Road. The noise attenuation measures shall included in the Department — on a complaint basis. be studied on a case-by-case basis at receptors that would improvement plans for Building and Public be significantly impacted. Noise reduction methods could the project during Works Department include the following: • Alternative noise reduction techniques, such as re- Master Site paving Perimeter Road with "quieter" pavement types Development Permit Vallco Town Center Specific Plan 22 City of Cupertino Mitigation Monitoring or Reporting Program Vallco Town Center Specific Plan Implementing Timeframe for Agency Monitoring Mitigation Measure Procedure Implementation Responsible for Action/Frequency Monitoring including Open -Grade Rubberized Asphaltic Concrete. review and approval to The use of "quiet" pavement can reduce noise levels by ensure that project noise two to five dBA, depending on the existing pavement is below the City's type, traffic speed, traffic volumes, and other factors. thresholds. If complaints • Traffic calming measures to slow traffic, such as speed are received despite bumps. incorporation of the Building sound insulation for affected residences, such as noise reduction sound -rated windows and doors, on a case-by-case basis as techniques, a third parry a method of reducing noise levels in interior spaces. consultant will conduct an acoustical study to determine whether additional sound insulation (such as sound -rated windows and doors) is necessary for that affected residence to reduce noise levels in interior spaces and shall identify the minimum required improvements. If study indicates this is required, the applicant shall bear the cost of the required minimum improvements. MM N0I4.1: Implement MM NOI-1.1 and -1.2. Same as MM NOI-1.1. Same as MM NOI- Same as MM NOI- Same as MM NOI- and -1.2 1.1. and -1.2 1.1. and -1.2 1.1. and -1.2 Vallco Town Center Specific Plan 23 City of Cupertino Mitigation Monitoring or Reporting Program Vallco Town Center Specific Plan Implementing Timeframe for Agency Responsible for Monitoring Mitigation Measure Procedure Implementation Monitoring Action/Frequency MM N0I-6.1: Implement MM NOI-3.1 to reduce project- Same as MM NOI-3.1 Same as MM NOI- Same as MM NOI- Same as MM NOI- generated noise level increases on Perimeter Road north of 3.1 3.1 3.1 Stevens Creek Boulevard and Vallco Parkway east of North Wolfe Road. Transportation/Traffic MM TRN-1.1: Develop and implement a TDM Program Project applicant shall Occupancy. See also Third -party The TDM Monitoring which includes a trip cap that is based on a 34 percent non- submit a TDM program condition of consultant and City Program would occur SOV rate for the office uses. The TDM Program includes for review and approval approval related to of Cupertino in the fall (mid - the creation of a Transportation Management Association by the City prior to TDM Program Community September through that would: occupancy. The below Development mid-November) after • Provide concierge services to residents and retail Applicant will establish Department - Public six months owners (for their employees); a TMA for all users of Works. See also occupancy of 50 • Coordinate with the office component; and the site. The Program condition of percent of the total • Oversee the overall TDM program among property will outline the approval related to approved buildout. owners and tenants to achieve the office trip caps measures that will be TDM Program The TDM Monitoring implemented at the below. Program shall be As part of the TDM Program, the City shall require future outset. See also conducted annually development to implement the Specific Plan's TDM Condition of approval for the first 10 years. Monitoring Program to ensure that the TDM reduction related to TDM Program If the monitoring goals are achieved. The TDM Monitoring Program shall require a robust Monitoring Program to ensure that this below. reveals that the peak TDM program mitigation measure is implemented and that trip counts have not the required trip caps are achieved. The Monitoring been exceeded in the Program shall be subject to review and approval by the last three years of the City of Cupertino and would include driveway monitoring first 10 years of for all office uses during the AM and PM peak hours. The annual monitoring, TDM Monitoring Program would occur in the fall (mid- the TDM monitoring September through mid-November) after six months shall be reduced to occupancy of 50 percent of the total approved buildout. once every two years The TDM Monitoring Program shall be conducted annually for the first 10 years. If the monitoring reveals (i.eyear 10, 12, 14, that the peak trip counts have not been exceeded in the last etc.)) . However, if Vallco Town Center Specific Plan 24 City of Cupertino Mitigation Monitoring or Reporting Program Vallco Town Center Specific Plan Implementing Timeframe for Agency Responsible for Monitoring Mitigation Measure Procedure Implementation Monitoring Action/Frequency three years of the first 10 years of annual monitoring, the any biennial report TDM monitoring shall be reduced to once every two years reveals that the peak (i.e.. year 10, 12, 14, etc.). However, if any biennial report trip counts have been reveals that the peak trip counts have been exceeded, the exceeded, the monitoring shall revert to annual monitoring until such monitoring shall time that the peak trip counts have not been exceeded for revert to annual three consecutive annual reports. If future development is monitoring until such not able to meet the identified TDM goal, then the City would collect penalties (assigned proportionately between time that the peak trip the uses that do not meet the trip cap), as specified in the counts have not been Specific Plan's TDM Monitoring Program. Penalties exceeded for three collected from the TDM Monitoring Program will be used consecutive annual to improve multimodal access around the site and reports. See also throughout the City of Cupertino. condition of approval related to TDM The TDM program is expected to reduce the severity of Program below. intersection and freeway impacts, although not necessarily to a less than significant level. (Significant and Unavoidable Impact with Mitigation Incorporated) MM TRN-1.2:Intersection 12, De Anza Project applicant shall Prior to issuance of City of Cupertino - Accept TIF. Boulevard/McClellan Road: convert the shared left- pay the TIF. building permit Public Works turn/through lane on the eastbound approach of McClellan Department Road to a dedicated through lane (for a total of one left - turn lane, one through lane, and one right -turn lane). This would allow converting the phasing on the east -west approaches from split phasing to protected left -turn phasing. This improvement is included in the City's TIF Program and would improve intersection operations to an acceptable LOS D. Future development under the revised project shall pay transportation mitigation fees as calculated pursuant to the TIF program to mitigate this impact. However, because the TIF improvements are not Vallco Town Center Specific Plan 25 City of Cupertino Mitigation Monitoring or Reporting Program Vallco Town Center Specific Plan Implementing Timeframe for Agency Responsible for Monitoring Mitigation Measure Procedure Implementation Monitoring Action/Frequency fully funding and the timing of implementation is not known at this time, the impact to Intersection 12 is considered significant and unavoidable. (Significant and Unavoidable Impact with Mitigation Incorporated) MM TRN-1.3:A fair -share payment contribution of Project applicant shall Prior to the entering City of Cupertino - Amount must be paid $3,865,182.00 to improvements identified in VTA's VTP pay its fair share into a street Public Works prior to entering into 2040 for freeway segments on SR 85, I-280, and I-880 that contribution of improvement Department a street improvement the project (or project alternative) significantly impacts $3,865,182.00 to the agreement with the agreement. The shall be paid by future development associated with the City until such time as City of Cupertino. amount will be held revised project. VTA initiates the by the City until such project. time as the VTA The VTA's VTP 2040 identifies several freeway projects initiates the project at that are relevant to the identified freeway segment impacts, which time it shall be including: remitted to VTA. • VTP ID Hl: SR 85 Express Lanes: US 101 (South San Josh to Mountain View). This project would convert 24 miles of existing HOV lanes to express lanes, and allow single -occupancy vehicles access to the express lanes by paying a toll. An additional express lane will be added to create a two-lane express lane along a portion of the corridor. On November 13, 2017, the cities of Cupertino and Saratoga and the Town of Los Gatos entered into a settlement agreement3 with VTA and Caltrans that requires VTA to implement the 2016 Measure B State Route 85 Corridor Program Guidelines which include preparing a Transit Guideway Study for this corridor to identify the most effective transit and 3 As part of the Settlement Agreement, City of Saratoga, et al. v. California Department of Transportation, et al. (Santa Clara County Superior Court Case No. 115CV281214), which was a suit by the three cities challenging Caltrans's approval of the State Route 85 Express Lanes Project, was dismissed on November 17, 2017. Vallco Town Center Specific Plan 26 City of Cupertino Mitigation Monitoring or Reporting Program Vallco Town Center Specific Plan Implementing Timeframe for Agency Monitoring Mitigation Measure Procedure Implementation Responsible for Action/Frequency Monitoring congestion relief projects on SR 85 that will be candidates for funding. Upon completion of the study, and implementation plan for these projects will be developed. • VTP ID H11: I-280 Express Lanes: Leland Avenue to Magdalena Avenue. This project converts existing HOV lanes to express lanes. • VTP ID H13: I-280 Express Lanes: Southbound El Monte Avenue to Magdalena Avenue. This project builds new express lanes. • VTP ID H15:1-880 Express Lanes: US 101 to I-280. This project would build new express lanes on I-880. • VTP ID H35: I-280 Northbound: Second Exit Lane to Foothill Expressway. This project constructs a second exit lane from northbound I-280 to Foothill Expressway. • VTP ID H45:1-280 Northbound Braided Ramps between Foothill Expressway and SR 85: This project would conduct preliminary engineering, environmental studies, and design to widen the existing off -ramp to Foothill Expressway from Northbound I-280 from a single -lane exit to a two-lane exit opening at I-280. MM TRN-2.1:Implement MM TRN-1.1. The TDM See MM TRN — 1.1 See MM TRN-1.1 See MM TRN-1.1 See MM TRN-1.1 program is expected to reduce the severity of intersection See also Condition of See also Condition See also Condition See also Condition of and freeway impacts, although not necessarily to a less Approval related to of Approval related of Approval related Approval related to than significant level. (Significant and Unavoidable TDM below. to TDM below. to TDM below. TDM below. Impact with Mitigation Incorporated) MM TRN-2.2:Intersection 12, De Anza Project applicant shall Prior to issuance of City of Cupertino - Accept TIF prior to Boulevard/McClellan Road: Implement MM TRN-1.2. pay the TIF. building permit. Public Works issuance of building Implementation of MM TRN-1.2 would improve Department permit Vallco Town Center Specific Plan 27 City of Cupertino Mitigation Monitoring or Reporting Program Vallco Town Center Specific Plan Implementing Timeframe for Agency Responsible for Monitoring Mitigation Measure Procedure Implementation Monitoring Action/Frequency intersection the average intersection delay to better than background (without project or project alternative) conditions. However, because the TIF improvements are not fully funded and the timing of implementation is not known at this time, the impact is considered significant and unavoidable. (Significant and Unavoidable Impact with Mitigation Incorporated) MM TRN-2.3:Intersection 31, Wolfe Road/Vallco Applicant shall provide Prior to the entering City of Cupertino — Prior to issuance of Parkway: Provide an overlap phase for the westbound engineering plans to into a street Public Works occupancy permit. right -turn movement, which would provide for a green ensure construction of improvement Department right -turn arrow while the southbound left -turn movement these improvements agreement with the has its green phase. Southbound U-turns shall also be City of Cupertino. prohibited. Implementation of this mitigation measure would improve intersection level of service to an acceptable LOS D. (Less than Significant Impact with Mitigation Incorporated) MM TRN-2.4:Intersection 42, Stevens Creek Project applicant shall Prior to issuance of City of Cupertino - Accept TIF prior to Boulevard/Tantau Avenue: Provide a northbound left -turn pay the TIF. building permit. Public Works issuance of building lane (for a total of one left -turn lane and one shared Department permit through/right-turn lane). This would allow converting the phasing on the east -west approaches from split phasing to protected left -turn phasing. This improvement is included in the City's TIF Program and would improve intersection operations to an acceptable LOS D. Future development under the revised project shall pay transportation mitigation fees as calculated pursuant to the TIF program to mitigate this impact. However, because the TIF improvements are not fully funding and the timing of implementation is not known at this time, the impact is Vallco Town Center Specific Plan 28 City of Cupertino Mitigation Monitoring or Reporting Program Vallco Town Center Specific Plan Implementing Timeframe for Agency Responsible for Monitoring Mitigation Measure Procedure Implementation Monitoring Action/Frequency considered significant and unavoidable. (Significant and Unavoidable Impact with Mitigation Incorporated) MM TRN-2.5:Intersections 43-45, Contribute a fair -share Project applicant shall Prior to the entering City of Cupertino - Amount must be paid contribution of $96,000.00 to a traffic signal timing study pay its fair share into a street Public Works prior to entering into and implementation of the revised timings on Stevens contribution of improvement Department a street improvement Creek Boulevard at Stern Avenue, Calvert Drive, and $96,000.00 to the City agreement with the agreement. The Agilent Driveway. The revised project impacts would which will be held by City of Cupertino. amount will be held likely improve with modifications to the signal timings as the City until such time by the City until such traffic volumes change, but the impact is concluded to be as the project is time as the project is significant and unavoidable because the effectiveness of initiated. initiated at which the improvement would be determined through the signal time it shall be timing study and because the intersection is under the remitted to the jurisdiction of another agency and the City cannot agency. guarantee the implementation of the signal timing study. (Significant and Unavoidable Impact with Mitigation Incorporated) MM TRN-2.6:Intersection 48, Lawrence Project applicant shall Prior to the entering City of Cupertino - Amount must be paid Expressway/Homestead Road: Pay a fair -share pay its fair share into a street Public Works prior to entering into contribution of $291,000.00 to the near-term improvement contribution of improvement Department a street improvement identified in the Santa Clara County's Expressway Plan $291,000.00 to the City agreement with the agreement. The 2040 Study for this intersection. The Expressway Plan which will be held by City of Cupertino. amount will be held 2040 Study identifies a near-term improvement of an the City until such time by the City until such additional eastbound through lane on Homestead Road. as the project is time as the project is With this improvement, intersection operations would initiated. initiated at which improve, but the intersection would continue to operate at time it shall be LOS F with delays greater than under background remitted to the conditions. agency. The ultimate improvement identified by the County's Expressway Plan 2040 is to grade -separate the Vallco Town Center Specific Plan 29 City of Cupertino Mitigation Monitoring or Reporting Program Vallco Town Center Specific Plan Implementing Timeframe for Agency Responsible for Monitoring Mitigation Measure Procedure Implementation Monitoring Action/Frequency intersection. That is a long-term improvement, however, which would not be implemented within the next 10 years. Therefore, the impact is considered significant and unavoidable. (Significant and Unavoidable Impact with Mitigation Incorporated) MM TRN-2.7:Intersection 51, Lawrence Project applicant shall Prior to the entering City of Cupertino - Amount must be paid Expressway/Calvert Drive -I-280 Southbound Ramp: pay its fair share into a street Public Works prior to entering into Improvements to mitigate the impact would include contribution of improvement Department a street improvement providing a fourth northbound through lane (for a total of $133,380.00 to the City agreement with the agreement. The four through lanes and one right -turn lane). This would which will be held by City of Cupertino. amount will be held require four receiving lanes north of Calvert Drive -1-280 the City until such time by the City until such Southbound Ramps. With this improvement, the as the project is time as the project is intersection would operate at acceptable LOS E or better. initiated. initiated at which The widening of Lawrence Expressway from three to four time it shall be lanes in each direction between Moorpark Avenue to south remitted to the of Calvert Drive is included in the VTP 2040 as a agency. constrained project (VTP 2040 Project# X10). The VTP 2040 does not include widening of Lawrence Expressway at or north of Calvert Drive, however. The fourth northbound through lane on Lawrence Expressway could potentially be provided with an added receiving lane that would connect directly to the off -ramp to Lawrence Expressway (also known as "trap" lane) just north of the I- 280 overcrossing. The City shall coordinate with the County of Santa Clara to and Caltrans to determine if a fourth through lane could be provided. Future development under the proposed project shall be required to pay a fair -share contribution of $133,380.00 if the improvement is feasible. The impact would remain significant and unavoidable because the Vallco Town Center Specific Plan 30 City of Cupertino Mitigation Monitoring or Reporting Program Vallco Town Center Specific Plan Implementing Timeframe for Agency Responsible for Monitoring Mitigation Measure Procedure Implementation Monitoring Action/Frequency feasibility of the improvement is yet to be determined, and because the intersection is within the responsibility and jurisdiction of another agency and the City cannot guarantee the improvement would be constructed concurrent with the proposed project. (Significant and Unavoidable Impact with Mitigation Incorporated) MM TRN-2.8:Intersection 53, Lawrence Project applicant shall Prior to the entering City of Cupertino - Amount must be paid Expressway/Bollinger Road: Improvements to mitigate pay its fair share into a street Public Works prior to entering into the revised project's impact would include providing a contribution of improvement Department a street improvement fourth northbound through lane (for the PM peak hour $133,380.00 to the City agreement with the agreement. The impact) and fourth southbound through lane (for the AM which will be held by City of Cupertino. amount will be held peak hour impact). The widening of Lawrence the City until such time by the City until such Expressway from three to four lanes in each direction as the project is time as the project is between Moorpark Avenue to south of Calvert Drive is initiated. initiated at which included in the VTP 2040 as a constrained project (VTP time it shall be 2040 Project# X10). This VTA project also includes the remitted to the provision of an additional westbound through lane on agency. Moorpark Avenue. Assuming that both the northbound and southbound approaches would be modified to accommodate four through lanes, the intersection would operate at or better than acceptable LOS E under the revised project during the AM and PM peak hours. Future development under the revised project shall be required to pay a fair -share contribution of $133,380.00 to VTP Project# X10. The impact would remain significant and unavoidable, however, because the intersection is within the responsibility and jurisdiction of another agency and the City cannot guarantee the improvement would be constructed concurrent with the proposed project. Vallco Town Center Specific Plan 31 City of Cupertino Mitigation Monitoring or Reporting Program Vallco Town Center Specific Plan Implementing Timeframe for Agency Responsible for Monitoring Mitigation Measure Procedure Implementation Monitoring Action/Frequency (Significant and Unavoidable Impact with Mitigation Incorporated) MM TRN-2.9: Implement MM TRN-1.3. The VTP 2040 MM TRN-1.3 - Project MM TRN-1.3 - Prior MM TRN-1.3 - City MM-TRN-1.3 - projects will enhance vehicular travel choices for the applicant shall pay its to the entering into a of Cupertino - Amount must be paid project (and project alternatives), and make more efficient fair share contribution of street improvement Public Works prior to entering into use of the transportation roadway network, and the SR 85 $3,865,182.00 to the agreement with the Department a street improvement Transit Guideway Study will help improve transit options City which will be held City of Cupertino. agreement. The in the SR 85 corridor. These freeway operations by the City until such amount will be held enhancements would not improve all impacted freeway time as the project is by the City until such segments to less than significant levels, however. The initiated. time as the VTA TDM Program proposed under the revised project and initiates the project at mitigation measure MM TRN-2.1 would reduce project- which time it shall be generated vehicle trips, thereby reducing the revised remitted to the project impact on freeway segments, but it is not agency. anticipated that the freeway impacts would be reduced to a less than significant level. For the above reasons, the revised project would remain significant and unavoidable with the implementation of MM TRN-2.1 and -2.9. (Significant and Unavoidable Impact with Mitigation Incorporated) MM TRN-6.1: The VTA's VTP 2040 identifies the Project applicant shall Prior to the entering City of Cupertino - Amount must be paid Stevens Creek Bus Rapid Transit project (VTP ID T4) as pay its fair share into a street Public Works prior to entering into an improvement near the project site. Ultimately, the VTP contribution of improvement Department a street improvement ID T4 would enhance travel choice for the revised project $4,832,000.00 to the agreement with the agreement. The and make more efficient use of the transportation network. City which will be held City of Cupertino. amount will be held Thus, future development under the revised project would by the City until such by the City until such be required to contribute its fair -share of $4,832,000.00 to time as the project is time as the VTA VTP ID T4. However, the impact would remain initiated. initiates the project at significant and unavoidable because the implementation of which time it shall be the VTP projects are within the responsibility and Vallco Town Center Specific Plan 32 City of Cupertino Mitigation Monitoring or Reporting Program Vallco Town Center Specific Plan Implementing Timeframe for Agency Responsible for Monitoring Mitigation Measure Procedure Implementation Monitoring Action/Frequency jurisdiction of another agency and the City cannot remitted to the guarantee the improvement would be implemented agency. concurrent with the revised project. (Significant and Unavoidable Cumulative Impact with Mitigation Incorporated) MM TRN-7.1: Implement MM TRN-1.1. The TDM Same as MM TRN-1.1 Same as MM TRN- Same as MM TRN- Same as MM TRN- program is expected to reduce the severity of intersection and freeway impacts, although not necessarily to a less than significant level. (Significant and Unavoidable Impact with Mitigation Incorporated) MM TRN-7.2: Intersection 2, Stevens Creek Project applicant shall Issuance of first City of Cupertino - Accept TIF prior to Boulevard/SR 85 northbound ramps: The City's TIF pay the TIF. building permit. Public Works issuance of building Program identifies the addition of an exclusive northbound Department permit left -turn lane from the SR 85 off -ramp onto westbound Stevens Creek Boulevard. This improvement would mitigate the revised project's impact to a less than significant level. Future development under the revised project shall pay transportation mitigation fees as calculated pursuant to the TIF program to mitigate this impact. However, because the TIF improvements are not fully funding and the timing of implementation is not known at this time, the impact to Intersection 2 is considered significant and unavoidable. (Significant and Unavoidable Cumulative Impact with Mitigation Incorporated) MM TRN-7.3: Intersection 8, De Anza Project applicant shall Prior to issuance of City of Cupertino Accept TIF prior to Boulevard/Homestead Road: The City's TIF Program pay the TIF. building permit. Community issuance of building identifies the widening of De Anza Boulevard to four Development permit through lanes between the I-280 interchange and Department - Public Homestead Road. This improvement would mitigate the Works. Vallco Town Center Specific Plan 33 City of Cupertino Mitigation Monitoring or Reporting Program Vallco Town Center Specific Plan Implementing Timeframe for Agency Responsible for Monitoring Mitigation Measure Procedure Implementation Monitoring Action/Frequency revised project's impact to a less than significant level. Future development under the revised project shall pay transportation mitigation fees as calculated pursuant to the TIF program to mitigate this impact. However, because the TIF improvements are not fully funding and the timing of implementation is not known at this time, the impact to Intersection 8 is considered significant and unavoidable. (Significant and Unavoidable Cumulative Impact with Mitigation Incorporated) MM TRN-7.4:Intersection 12, De Anza Project applicant shall Prior to issuance of City of Cupertino Accept TIF prior to Boulevard/McClellan Road: Implement MM TRN-1.2. pay the TIF. building permit. Community issuance of building Implementation of MM TRN-1.2 would improve Development permit intersection operations to better than cumulative (without) Department - Public revised project conditions. However, because the TIF Works. improvements are not fully funded and the timing of implementation is not known at this time, the impact is considered significant and unavoidable. (Significant and Unavoidable Impact with Mitigation Incorporated MM TRN-7.5:Intersection 23, Wolfe Road/Fremont Project applicant shall Prior to the entering City of Cupertino Amount must be paid Avenue: Provide a dedicated southbound right -turn lane pay its fair share into a street Public Works. prior to entering into from Wolfe Road onto westbound Fremont Avenue. This contribution of improvement a street improvement would improve intersection delay to lower than cumulative $527,000.00 to the City agreement with the agreement. The conditions under the revised project. Thus, the impact which will be held by City of Cupertino. amount will be held would be mitigated to a less than significant level. the City until such time by the City until such as the project is time as the project is The City of Sunnyvale recently approved improvements to initiated. initiated at which the "Triangle" area of Wolfe Road/El Camino Real, Wolfe time it shall be Road/Fremont Avenue, and El Camino Real/Fremont remitted to the Avenue. The "Triangle" improvements include the agency. provision of a southbound right -turn lane from Wolfe Vallco Town Center Specific Plan 34 City of Cupertino Mitigation Monitoring or Reporting Program Vallco Town Center Specific Plan Implementing Timeframe for Agency Responsible for Monitoring Mitigation Measure Procedure Implementation Monitoring Action/Frequency Road to Fremont Avenue. Thus, future development under the revised project would be required to contribute their fair -share contribution of $527,000.00 to the "Triangle" improvement project. However, the impact would remain significant and unavoidable because the intersection is within the responsibility and jurisdiction of another agency and the City cannot guarantee the improvement would be constructed concurrent with the proposed project. (Significant and Unavoidable Cumulative Impact with Mitigation Incorporated) MM TRN-7.6:Intersection 26, Wolfe Road/Homestead Project applicant shall Prior to issuance of City of Cupertino Accept TIF prior to Road: Provide a dedicated southbound right -turn lane pay the TIF. building permit. Community issuance of building from Wolfe Road onto westbound Homestead Road. To Development permit minimize secondary impacts to pedestrian travel, the right- Department - Public turn lanes would need to be signal controlled, right -turns Works. on red would be prohibited, and pedestrians should have a leading pedestrian phase (i.e., a pedestrian walk indication is provided several seconds before the right -turning vehicle traffic). This mitigation measures would improve intersection operations but not to a less than significant level. The City's TIF Program includes the provision of the dedicated southbound right -turn lane. Future development under the revised project shall pay transportation mitigation fees as calculated pursuant to the TIF program to mitigate this impact. However, because the TIF improvements are not fully funding and the timing of implementation is not known at this time, the impact to Intersection 26 is considered significant and unavoidable. Vallco Town Center Specific Plan 35 City of Cupertino Mitigation Monitoring or Reporting Program Vallco Town Center Specific Plan Implementing Timeframe for Agency Monitoring Mitigation Measure Procedure Implementation Responsible for Action/Frequency Monitoring (Significant and Unavoidable Cumulative Impact with Mitigation Incorporated) MM TRN-7.7: Intersection 31, Wolfe Road/Vallco Same as MM TRN-2.3 Same as MM TRN- Same as MM TRN- Same as MM TRN- Parkway: Implement MM TRN-2.3. Implementation of 2.3 2.3 2.3 this measure would mitigate the revised project's cumulative impact to a less than significant level. (Less than Significant Cumulative Impact with Mitigation Incorporated) MM TRN-7.8: Intersection 42, Stevens Creek Same as MM TRN-2.4 Same as MM TRN- Same as MM TRN- Same as MM TRN- Boulevard/Tantau Avenue: Implement MM TRN-2.4. 2.4 2.4 2.4 However, because the TIF improvements are not fully funding and the timing of implementation is not known at this time, the impact is considered significant and unavoidable. (Significant and Unavoidable Cumulative Impact with Mitigation Incorporated) MM TRN-7.9: Intersections 43-45: Implement MM TRN- Same as MM TRN-2.5 Same as MM TRN- Same as MM TRN- Same as MM TRN- 2.5. As discussed under Impact TRN-2, implementation of 2.5 2.5 2.5 this measure would reduce the revised project's impact but not to a less than significant level. (Significant and Unavoidable Cumulative Impact with Mitigation Incorporated) MM TRN-7.10: Intersection 48, Lawrence Same as MM TRN-2.6 Same as MM TRN- Same as MM TRN- Same as MM TRN- Expressway/Homestead Road: Implement MM TRN-2.6. 2.6 2.6 2.6 As discussed under MM TRN-2.6, the revised project shall pay a fair -share contribution of $291,000.00 to the long- term improvement identified in the Santa Clara County's Expressway Plan 2040 Study for this intersection. The impact would remain significant and unavoidable, however, because the intersection is within the responsibility and jurisdiction of another agency and the Vallco Town Center Specific Plan 36 City of Cupertino Mitigation Monitoring or Reporting Program Vallco Town Center Specific Plan Implementing Timeframe for Agency Monitoring Mitigation Measure Procedure Implementation Responsible for Action/Frequency Monitoring City cannot guarantee the improvement would be constructed concurrent with the proposed project. (Significant and Unavoidable Cumulative Impact with Mitigation Incorporated) MM TRN-7.11: Intersection 51, Lawrence Same as MM TRN-2.7 Same as MM TRN- Same as MM TRN- Same as MM TRN- Expressway/Calvert Drive -1-280 Southbound Ramp: 2.7 2.7 2.7 Implement MM TRN-2.7. The impact is significant and unavoidable because the feasibility of the improvement is yet to be determined, the impact would remain significant and unavoidable, and because the intersection is within the responsibility and jurisdiction of another agency and the City cannot guarantee the improvement would be constructed concurrent with the proposed project. (Significant and Unavoidable Cumulative Impact with Mitigation Incorporated) MM TRN-7.12: Intersection 53, Lawrence Same as MM TRN-2.8 Same as MM TRN- Same as MM TRN- Same as MM TRN- Expressway/Bollinger Road: Implement MM TRN-2.8. 2.8 2.8 2.8 Implementation of this measure would improve intersection operations to an acceptable LOS E or better. The impact would remain significant and unavoidable, however, because the intersection is within the responsibility and jurisdiction of another agency and the City cannot guarantee the improvement would be constructed concurrent with the proposed project. (Significant and Unavoidable Cumulative Impact with Mitigation Incorporated) MM TRN-7.13: Intersection 60, Stevens Creek Project applicant shall Prior to the entering City of Cupertino Amount must be paid Boulevard/Cabot Avenue: Contribute a fair -share pay its fair share into a street Public Works. prior to entering into contribution of $23,000.00 to a traffic signal timing study contribution of improvement a street improvement and implementation of the revised timings on Stevens $23,000.00 to the City agreement. The Vallco Town Center Specific Plan 37 City of Cupertino Mitigation Monitoring or Reporting Program Vallco Town Center Specific Plan Implementing Timeframe for Agency Responsible for Monitoring Mitigation Measure Procedure Implementation Monitoring Action/Frequency Creek Boulevard at Cabot Avenue. The revised project which will be held by agreement with the amount will be held impact would likely improve with modifications to the the City until such time City of Cupertino. by the City until such signal timings as traffic volumes change. The impact as the project is time as the project is would be significant and unavoidable, however, because initiated. initiated at which the effectiveness of the improvement would be determined time it shall be through the signal timing study and because the remitted to the intersection is within the responsibility and jurisdiction of agency. another agency and the City cannot guarantee the implementation of the signal timing study. (Significant and Unavoidable Cumulative Impact with Mitigation Incorporated) MM TRN-7.14: Intersection 38, Tantau Project applicant shall Prior to issuance of City of Cupertino Accept TIF prior to Avenue/Homestead Road: Restripe the southbound pay the TIF. building permit. Community issuance of building approach (Quail Avenue) to provide a separate left -turn Development permit lane and shared through/right-turn lane (including removal Department - Public of on -street parking). This improvement is included in the Works. City's TIF Program and would improve intersection operations to an acceptable LOS D. Future development under the revised project shall pay transportation mitigation fees as calculated pursuant to the TIF program to mitigate this impact. However, because the TIF improvements are not fully funded and the timing of implementation is not known at this time, the impact is considered significant and unavoidable. (Significant and Unavoidable Cumulative Impact with Mitigation Incorporated) MM TRN-7.15: Implement MM TRN-1.3. The VTP Same as MM TRN-1.3 Same as MM TRN- Same as MM TRN- Same as MM TRN- 2040 projects will enhance vehicular travel choices for the 1.3 1.3 1.3 project (and project alternatives), and make more efficient use of the transportation roadway network, and the SR 85 Vallco Town Center Specific Plan 38 City of Cupertino Mitigation Monitoring or Reporting Program Vallco Town Center Specific Plan Implementing Timeframe for Agency Responsible for Monitoring Mitigation Measure Procedure Implementation Monitoring Action/Frequency Transit Guideway Study will help improve transit options in the SR 85 corridor. These freeway operations enhancements would not improve all impacted freeway segments to less than significant levels, however. The TDM Program proposed under the revised project and mitigation measure MM TRN-7.1 would reduce project - generated vehicle trips, thereby reducing the revised project impact on freeway segments, but it is not anticipated that the freeway impacts would be reduced to a less than significant level. For the above reasons, the revised project would remain significant and unavoidable with the implementation of MM TRN-7.1 and -7.15. (Significant and Unavoidable Impact with Mitigation Incorporated) MM TRN-7.16: Intersection 3, Stevens Creek Project applicant shall Prior to issuance of City of Cupertino Accept TIF prior to Boulevard/Stelling Road: Provide an additional second pay the TIF. building permit. Community issuance of building eastbound left -turn lane from Stevens Creek Boulevard Development permit onto northbound Stelling Road. This mitigation measure Department - Public would improve intersection operations to an acceptable Works. LOS D-. The City's TIF Program identifies the addition of a second eastbound left -turn lane from Stevens Creek Boulevard onto northbound Stelling Road as a General Plan Mitigation Measure. Future development under the revised project shall pay transportation mitigation fees as calculated pursuant to the TIF program to mitigate this impact. However, because the TIF improvements are not fully funded and the timing of implementation is not known at this time, the impact is considered significant Vallco Town Center Specific Plan 39 City of Cupertino Mitigation Monitoring or Reporting Program Vallco Town Center Specific Plan Implementing Timeframe for Agency Responsible for Monitoring Mitigation Measure Procedure Implementation Monitoring Action/Frequency and unavoidable. (Significant and Unavoidable Cumulative Impact with Mitigation Incorporated) Utilities and Service Systems MM UTIL-2.1: Future development under the revised Project applicant shall Prior to issuance of City of Cupertino - Prior to issuance of project shall replace the existing 12- and 15 -inch sewer work with the Cupertino improvement plans Public Works final inspections for mains in Wolfe Road with new mains of an adequate size Sanitary District to and/or building Department shall improvement plans, as determined by CuSD, or shall install an 18- to 21 -inch determine the permits review and building finals and parallel pipe to the existing 12- and 15 -inch mains to appropriate mitigation coordinate occupancy permits, accommodate existing and project flows. requirements. improvement plans as appropriate. with Cupertino Sanitary District. MM UTIL-2.2: Future development under the revised Project applicant shall Prior to issuance of City of Cupertino - Prior to issuance of project shall replace the existing 27 -inch sewer main in work with the Cupertino improvement plans Public Works final inspections for Wolfe Road and Homestead Road with new mains of an Sanitary District to and/or building Department shall improvement plans, adequate size determined by the CuSD, or install a parallel determine the permits review and building finals and pipe of an adequate size to the existing 27 -inch sewer main appropriate mitigation coordinate occupancy permits, as determined by CuSD. requirements. improvement plans as appropriate. with Cupertino Sanitary District. MM UTIL-2.3: No building permits shall be issued by Project applicant shall Prior to approval of City of Cupertino - Ensure that any the City for structures or units that would result in the work with the City and the Master Site Public Works proposed project does permitted peak wet weather flow capacity of 13.8 mgd Cupertino Sanitary Development Permit Department shall not exceed the through the Santa Clara sanitary sewer system being District to ensure that review and contracted peak wet exceeded. The estimated sewage generation by the revised any proposed project coordinate weather capacity project shall be calculated using the sewer generation rates does not exceed the improvement plans through the Santa used by the San Jose - Santa Clara Water Pollution Control Plant Specific Use Code &Sewer Coefficient table, and contracted peak wet with Cupertino Clara sanitary sewer from the City of Santa Clara Sanitary Sewer Capacity weather capacity Sanitary District. system/prior to Assessment, May 2007,4 unless alternative (i.e., lower) issuance of Master 4 The average dry weather sewerage generation rates used by the San Jose - Santa Clara Water Pollution Control Plant Specific Use Code & Sewer Coefficient table, and the City of Santa Clara Sanitary Sewer Capacity Assessment, May 2007, for the different uses within the project are as follows: High Density Vallco Town Center Specific Plan 40 City of Cupertino Mitigation Monitoring or Reporting Program Vallco Town Center Specific Plan Implementing Timeframe for Agency Responsible for Monitoring Mitigation Measure Procedure Implementation Monitoring Action/Frequency sewer generation rates achieved by future development are through the Santa Clara Site Development substantiated by the developer based on evidence to the sanitary sewer system Permit satisfaction of the CuSD. Residential = 121 gpd/unit; Commercial/Retail = 0.076 gpd/SF; Commercial/Restaurant = 1.04 gpd/SF; Office = 0.1 gpd/SF; Hotel = 100 gpd/Room; Civic Space (office) = 0.21 gpd/SF; Adult Education = 15 gpd/Person; and Civic Space (Auditorium) = 0.11 gpd/SF. Vallco Town Center Specific Plan 41 City of Cupertino In addition to the above mitigation measures, future development implementing the Specific Plan shall also implement the following as Conditions of Approval and Standard Permit Conditions: Conditions of Approval or Standard Permit Conditions Implementing Procedure Timeframe for Implementation Agency Responsible for Monitoring Monitoring Action/Frequency Conditions of Aporoval Project applicant will Prior to approval City of Review reports and assess • Future development under the proposed project (and provide reports, plans of Master Site Cupertino — compliance General Plan Buildout with Maximum Residential and information on Development Community Alternative and Retail and Residential Alternative) compliance. Permit Development that includes sensitive receptors (such as residences Department — or daycare centers) located within the setback Planning distances identified in Section 3.3 of the Draft EIR and shown in Figure 3.3-1, Figure 3.3-2, and Figure 3.3-3 of the Draft EIR from I-280 and local roadways shall require site-specific analysis to quantify the level of TAC and PM2.5 exposure. This analysis shall be conducted following procedures outlined by BAAQMD. If the site-specific analysis reveals significant exposures, such as cancer risk greater than 10 in one million acute or chronic hazards with a HI greater than 1.0, or annual PM2.5 exposures greater than 0.3 gg/m3, or a significant cumulative health risk in terms of excess cancer risk greater than 100 in one million, acute or chronic hazards with a HI greater than 10. 0, or annual PM2.5 exposures greater than 0.8 µg/m3, additional measures such as those detailed below shall be implemented to reduce the risk to below the threshold. If this is not possible, the sensitive receptors shall be relocated. — For significant cancer risk exposure, as defined by BAAQMD, indoor air filtration systems shall be installed to effectively reduce particulate levels to below the significance threshold. Project sponsors shall submit performance Vallco Town Center Specific Plan 42 City of Cupertino Conditions of Approval or Standard Permit Conditions Implementing Procedure Timeframe for Implementation Agency Responsible for Monitoring Monitoring Action/Frequency specifications and design details to demonstrate that lifetime residential exposures would result in less than significant cancer risks (less than 10 in one million chances or 100 in one million for cumulative sources), HI, and PM2.5 concentration. To reduce significant community health risk exposure, future development shall implement the following measures: ■ Air filtration systems installed at significantly impacted sensitive receptor buildings shall be rated MERV-13 or higher and a maintenance plan for the air filtration system shall be implemented. ■ Trees and/or vegetation shall be planted between sensitive receptors and pollution sources, if feasible. Trees that are best suited to trapping particulate matter shall be planted, including the following: pine (Pinus nigra var. maritime), cypress (X Cupressocyparis leylandii), hybrid poplar (Populus deltoids X trichocarpa), and redwoods (Sequoia sempervirens). ■ Sites shall be designed to locate sensitive receptors as far as possible from any freeways, roadways, diesel generators, and distribution centers. ■ Operable windows, balconies, and building air intakes shall be located as far away from TAC sources as feasible. If future residences are located near a distribution center, residences shall not be located immediately adjacent to a Vallco Town Center Specific Plan 43 City of Cupertino Conditions of Approval or Standard Permit Conditions Implementing Procedure Timeframe for Implementation Agency Responsible for Monitoring Monitoring Action/Frequency loading dock or where trucks concentrate to deliver goods. • Future development that would include TAC sources (such as diesel backup generators) would likely be evaluated through the CEQA environmental review process or BAAQMD permit process to ensure they do not cause a significant health risk in terms of excess cancer risk greater than 10 in one million, acute or chronic hazards with a HI greater than 1.0, or annual PM2.5 exposures greater than 0.3 µg/m3, or a significant cumulative health risk in terms of excess cancer risk greater than 100 in one million, acute or chronic hazards with a HI greater than 10. 0, or annual PM2.5 exposures greater than 0.8 µg/m3. • Future development shall pay its fair -share contribution of $1,679,600.00 towards the City's share for the cost of constructing the I-280/Wolfe Interchange project. • Future development shall be visually compatible (including minimizing noise, traffic, light, and visual intrusive effects) with adjacent residences by including appropriate buffers such as landscaping, screening, building transitions, and other privacy measures between the project site and adjacent residential land uses. • Future development shall provide bicycle enhancements in the vicinity, including buffered bike lanes on Wolfe along the project site frontage. Vallco Town Center Specific Plan 44 City of Cupertino Conditions of Approval or Standard Permit Conditions Implementing Procedure Timeframe for Implementation Agency Responsible for Monitoring Monitoring Action/Frequency Condition of Approval: TMA Formation — The Final TDM City Department MONITORING PLAN The Specific Plan would include a Transportation Project applicant will program for future of Public Works Demand Management (TDM) program, which shall submit TMA development shall - Transportation Annual TDM program monitoring provide sitewide TDM support services to coordinate formation and TDM be prepared to the consists of two main elements: (1) TDM efforts for all users and includes an office -specific programs satisfaction of the Summary of Implemented TDM trip cap to reduce vehicle trips and vehicle miles of information. City's Director of Measures to be provided by the travel. The non -office portion of the project is not Public Works prior Vallco Specific Plan Area TMA, subject to a trip cap. The office trips cap related to the TDM Monitoring: to approval of any and (2) office driveway counts and TDM program of the project shall be measured at the The TMA would occupancy permits. TDM Monitoring Report for office peak commute hours, when roadways are most submit an annual uses to be prepared by an congested. report to the City to independent city -approved report on TDM transportation planning/engineering OFFICE TRIP CAP measures firm. Each of these components is Trip caps for the office uses were developed assuming implemented and described below. full buildout of the office uses for the revised project. assess effectiveness The office trip cap is designed to reduce single- of the TDM program Summary of Implemented TDM occupancy vehicle trips from office uses. Specifically, in terms of non -SOV Measures the office trips caps assume that at a minimum 34 mode split for the percent of office trips would be by non -single -occupancy office uses. The TMA (including the office vehicle (non -SOV) modes (i.e., the percentage of TMA, if any) shall submit a report employees traveling to the site via walking, bicycling, to the City by December 31St each riding in private shuttle or public transit vehicles, or year describing the specific TDM ridesharing). measures that are being A target of 34 percent non -SOV has been identified as a implemented by the TMA and by reasonable target because it is considered aggressive but their members (including the office achievable for office developments in suburban locations TMA, if any) and the amount of greater than one-half ('/2) mile from a rail station. While occupied space for each land use higher alternative mode share rates have been (i.e., office/commercial/hotel established for a few corporate campuses in the Bay rooms/dwelling units). Area, such rates have generally been in areas more urban than Cupertino with proximity to mass transit facilities. To assess the effectiveness of the TDM program in increasing non - SOV trips, the TMA (including the Vallco Town Center Specific Plan 45 City of Cupertino Conditions of Approval or Standard Permit Implementing Timeframe for Agency Monitoring Action/Frequency Conditions Procedure Implementation Responsible for Monitoring As the Specific Plan develops, annual trip caps for the office uses will be established based building square footage rate of 1.05 for the AM peak hour and 1.04 for the PM peak hour. Peak hours are defined as the time periods on the adjacent streets with the highest hourly volumes occurring during the morning and evening commute periods. At full buildout, the office uses in the revised project shall be required to meet the trip caps presented in the following table: FORMATION OF TMA The purpose of the Transportation Management Association (TMA) is to coordinate sitewide TDM measures, collect fees from members to finance site - wide measures and monitoring activities, conduct TMA administration activities, and coordinate with members to add measures as needed to meet the office trip caps. The TMA for the Specific Plan Area shall be established using a legal arrangement approved by the City. The TMA shall hire a qualified Transportation Coordinator. The fees paid by each member shall be determined as part of TMA formation documentation. All commercial property owners and tenants, apartment management companies, hotel operators, and home owners associations shall be required to be members, unless an enhanced TDM program covers all office uses in the office TMA, if any) may also be required to collect the following data and provide it in a report to the City: — Private Shuttle Ridership - Counted electronically on vehicles and visually verified at the transit hub — Public Transit Ridership - Counted at area VTA stops — Cycling/Walking Volumes - Counted via bike/pedestrian entrances to office facilities — Office Carpool Volumes - Counted at entrances to office parking facilities Additional TDM measures may be required by the City if the TDM measures are not effective as determined by a regular monitoring program. Driveway Counts and TDM Monitoring Report An independent city -approved transportation planning/engineering firm shall be retained by the City to collect vehicle counts and present the results in a written report. Vehicle counts shall be conducted Vallco Town Center Specific Plan 46 City of Cupertino AM Peak Hour PM Peak Hour Office Trip Caps 1,830 vehicle trips 1,820 vehicle trips FORMATION OF TMA The purpose of the Transportation Management Association (TMA) is to coordinate sitewide TDM measures, collect fees from members to finance site - wide measures and monitoring activities, conduct TMA administration activities, and coordinate with members to add measures as needed to meet the office trip caps. The TMA for the Specific Plan Area shall be established using a legal arrangement approved by the City. The TMA shall hire a qualified Transportation Coordinator. The fees paid by each member shall be determined as part of TMA formation documentation. All commercial property owners and tenants, apartment management companies, hotel operators, and home owners associations shall be required to be members, unless an enhanced TDM program covers all office uses in the office TMA, if any) may also be required to collect the following data and provide it in a report to the City: — Private Shuttle Ridership - Counted electronically on vehicles and visually verified at the transit hub — Public Transit Ridership - Counted at area VTA stops — Cycling/Walking Volumes - Counted via bike/pedestrian entrances to office facilities — Office Carpool Volumes - Counted at entrances to office parking facilities Additional TDM measures may be required by the City if the TDM measures are not effective as determined by a regular monitoring program. Driveway Counts and TDM Monitoring Report An independent city -approved transportation planning/engineering firm shall be retained by the City to collect vehicle counts and present the results in a written report. Vehicle counts shall be conducted Vallco Town Center Specific Plan 46 City of Cupertino Conditions of Approval or Standard Permit Conditions Implementing Procedure Timeframe for Implementation Agency Responsible for Monitoring Monitoring Action/Frequency Plan Area, in which case there may be a separate TMA at all entrances/exits to parking for offices uses. However, the office TMA is still facilities for the office space. The required to be a member of the sitewide TMA and numbers of vehicles entering and coordinate activities and monitoring with the sitewide exiting each location shall be TMA. counted in 15 -minute increments from 7:OOAM to 10:00AM and TDM PROGRAM STRUCTURE from 3:OOPM to 7:OOPM on a Tuesday, Wednesday, and The TDM program would include the formation of a Thursday over a two-week period. TMA to help implement TDM strategies sitewide and Counts shall be performed between coordinate the office trip cap requirements. The TMA mid-September and mid - shall include a qualified on-site transportation November. Counts shall avoid coordinator that would help implement TDM strategies. school holidays, as well as days TDM strategies that are highly encouraged include, but immediately before or after are not limited to: holidays or long weekends, and — Maximum parking requirements per the Specific shall not be performed on days Plan with inclement weather. — Concierge services for all employees, residents, guests, and patrons, to provide information on The count data for the driveways to transit connections, opportunities for alternative the office parking facilities shall be modes of transit and transportation services. analyzed using standard traffic — Free transit passes for residents and retail engineering practice to derive employees office -generated AM and PM peak — Ride -share marketing and promotion hour traffic volumes. The results — Evaluation, identification, and implementation of shall be compared to the office trip bikeshare program for travel within, to, and from caps. the site — On-site availability of carshare The data collection methodology, — Guaranteed ride home programs raw data, data analysis procedures, Other TDM strategies that could be considered include: and resulting AM and PM peak — Unbundling parking, hour vehicle trips for the office — Other a transit incentive programs uses shall be written up in a report and submitted to the City of Vallco Town Center Specific Plan 47 City of Cupertino Conditions of Approval or Standard Permit Conditions Implementing Procedure Timeframe for Implementation Agency Responsible for Monitoring Monitoring Action/Frequency — Safe routes to school support programs, Cupertino Department of Public — Transit subsidy for employees, Works. — Vanpool subsidy for employees, TDMProgram Compliance — Workplace parking pricing, — Employee parking cash -out, If the AM and PM peak hour — Alternative work schedules and telecommute vehicle trip generation of the office programs, and. uses is less than the office trip caps — Shuttle services for employees (1,830 AM peak hour trips and 1,820 PM peak hour trips at full Additional details about possible TDM measures are buildout of revised project), the included in Table 28 in Appendix H. TDM program is in compliance and no additional TDM measures shall be required. As the Specific Plan develops, annual trip caps for the office uses will be established based building square footage rate of 1.05 for the AM peak hour and 1.04 for the PM peak hour. Actions if TDM Program Compliance is Not Achieved The City would notify the Vallco Specific Plan Area TMA (including the office TMA, if any) if the trip caps are exceeded. The TMA (including the office TMA, if any) shall be required to meet with the City to identify new TDM measures to be implemented to achieve the trip caps. Vallco Town Center Specific Plan 48 City of Cupertino Conditions of Approval or Standard Permit Conditions Implementing Procedure Timeframe for Implementation Agency Responsible for Monitoring Monitoring Action/Frequency Once the TMA (including the office TMA, if any) and the City agree on new TDM measures, the TMA (including the office TMA, if any) shall implement them within 60 days of the notification date, unless new TDM measures cannot reasonably be implemented within 60 days, then within a later date that can reasonably be achieved, acceptable to the City. Follow-up counts shall be conducted by an independent City -approved transportation planning/engineering firm 60 days after the new measures are implemented to evaluate the effectiveness of the new TDM program. If the peak hour trip caps are still exceeded, the TMA (including the office TMA, if any) would pay a fee of $3 per day per extra vehicle trip (adjusted annually starting in 2018 per the Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers in the San Francisco -Oakland -San Jose area) for ninety days. The funds from these fees shall be used to provide for City-wide implementation of TDM measures and improvement of bicycle and pedestrian facilities. Payments of these penalties are Vallco Town Center Specific Plan 49 City of Cupertino Conditions of Approval or Standard Permit Conditions Implementing Procedure Timeframe for Implementation Agency Responsible for Monitoring Monitoring Action/Frequency due to the City within 30 days of issuance of an invoice with reasonable supporting documentation. After ninety days, the TMA (including the office TMA, if any) shall be required to meet with the City to identify additional City -approved TDM measures to be added. If the Plan is still unable to meet the trip caps during the next annual monitoring period, penalties would continue to be levied, until the peak trip caps are met. If the TMA (including the office TMA, if any) does not agree to implement the City approved new TDM measures after the initial meeting, then the TMA shall be assessed a $5 per day per extra vehicle trip penalty (adjusted annually starting in 2018 per the Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers in the San Francisco -Oakland -San Jose area) through the end of the calendar year. Payments of these penalties are due to the City within 30 days of issuance of an invoice with reasonable supporting documentation. The funds from Vallco Town Center Specific Plan 50 City of Cupertino Conditions of Approval or Standard Permit Conditions Implementing Procedure Timeframe for Implementation Agency Responsible for Monitoring Monitoring Action/Frequency these penalties shall be used at the City's discretion. Monitoring Program Funding The TMA (including the office TMA, if any) shall pay the City for the annual monitoring costs including City staff time to review the annual monitoring reports. Monitoring Program Duration Annual monitoring shall be conducted starting the fall (mid- September through mid- November) after six months of 50 percent occupancy of total approved buildout and continuing annually for 10 years. The annual trip caps for the office uses will be established based building square footage rate of 1.05 for the AM peak hour and 1.04 for the PM peak hour. The trip cap will be proportionally adjusted based on the occupancy of the sitewide office use to determine the trip cap applicable to that monitoring cycle up to full occupancy. In no event shall the trip cap exceed 1,830 AM peak hour trips and 1,820 PM peak hour trips. If the monitoring Vallco Town Center Specific Plan 51 City of Cupertino Conditions of Approval or Standard Permit Conditions Implementing Procedure Timeframe for Implementation Agency Responsible for Monitoring Monitoring Action/Frequency reveals that the peak trip counts have not been exceeded in the last three years of the first 10 years of annual monitoring, the TDM monitoring shall be reduced to once every two years (i.e., year 12, 14, etc.). However, if any biennial report reveals that the peak trip counts have been exceeded, the monitoring shall revert to annual monitoring until such time that the peak trip counts have not been exceeded for three consecutive annual reports. Conditions of Approval: Project applicant Prior to issuance City of Ensure appropriate measures are • Future development shall reduce the heat island will indicate of building Cupertino — incorporated in appropriate plans effect by implementing measures such as cool compliance on plans permits Department of prior to issuance of permits. surface treatments for parking facilities, cool roofs, and indicate on Community cool paving, and landscaping to provide well -shaded lease documents and Development — areas. sale documents that Building • Future buildings shall install advanced meter use of 100 carbon infrastructure, commonly referred to as Smart free sources of Meters, to allow two-way communication between energy is a the utility company and the meter in order to more requirement. closely manage energy use and operating cost. • Future buildings shall install solar photovoltaic power, where feasible. • Future buildings with high hot water heating load shall install solar thermal (i.e., solar water heaters) to decrease natural gas use. • Future development shall provide Electric Vehicle (EV) charging stations, infrastructure for EV Vallco Town Center Specific Plan 52 City of Cupertino Conditions of Approval or Standard Permit Implementing Timeframe for Agency Monitoring Action/Frequency Conditions Procedure Implementation Responsible for Monitoring charging, compressed natural gas charging stations, and/or preferential parking requirements for alternative -fuel vehicles. • Future residential development shall pre -wire units to accommodate future installation of EV charging or provide EV charging systems. • Future development shall install water -efficient fixtures, such as low -flow faucets, showerheads, and toilets, and water -efficient landscapes that utilize drought -tolerant plans and climate-sensitive/water efficient irrigation systems. • Electricity for future development would be provided by Silicon Valley Clean Energy (SVCE) or another provider that sources electricity from 100 percent carbon free sources. Condition of Approval: Project applicant Prior to issuance of City of Cupertino Review and approve plans and • Future development that generates substantial food shall indicate Architectural and — Public Works reports/Prior to issuance of waste and compostable paper (i.e., food soiled paper) compliance on plans Site Approvals and Department — Architectural and Site Approvals shall support food waste collection services and/or and provide required relevant building Environmental and relevant building permits. provide collection bins for food waste. reports permits (including Services tenant improvements) Conditions of Approval: Project applicant Prior to approval of City of Cupertino Plan and report verification to • Future development shall incorporate bird safe shall indicate relevant — Community ensure compliance/ prior to building design measures such as the following: compliance on plans Architectural and Development issuance of relevant Architectural — Avoiding large, uninterrupted expanses of glass Site Approval Department — and Site Approval permits. Permits Planning near open areas, — Prohibiting glass skyways and freestanding glass walls, — Avoiding transparent glass walls coming together at building corners, Vallco Town Center Specific Plan 53 City of Cupertino Conditions of Approval or Standard Permit Implementing Timeframe for Agency Monitoring Action/Frequency Conditions Procedure Implementation Responsible for Monitoring — Prohibiting up -lighting or spotlights, — Shielding outdoor lights, — Utilizing fritted, glazed, and/or low reflective glass. • Consistent with General Plan Policy LU -6.3, future development shall provide a plaque, reader board and/or other educational tools on the site to explain the historic significance of the mall. The plaque shall include the city seal, name of resource (i.e., Vallco Shopping District), date it was built, a written description, and photograph. The plaque shall be placed in a location where the public can view the information. • Outdoor dining areas and playgrounds shall demonstrate that appropriate design and noise attenuation measures including, but not limited to, setbacks and/or sound walls have been incorporated to meet the daytime threshold of 65 dBA and the nighttime threshold of 55 dBA in the City's Municipal Code at the existing, adjacent residences. Biological Resources Standard Permit Conditions: Project applicant to Prior to issuance of City of Cupertino Ensure requirements are • Bird and Nest Safety: incorporate demolition/tree — Community incorporated in appropriate plans — Construction and tree removal/pruning activities requirements on plans removal permits Development prior to issuance of permits. shall be scheduled to avoid the nesting season to and provide and prior to Department — Review final report for compliance the extent feasible. If feasible, tree removal appropriate reports initiation of Planning with mitigation measure, prior to and/or pruning shall be completed before the demolition/grading/ issuance of grading permit. start of the nesting season to help preclude construction nesting. The nesting season for most birds and activities (including raptors in the San Francisco Bay area extends tree removal and from February 1 through August 31. pruning) Vallco Town Center Specific Plan 54 City of Cupertino Conditions of Approval or Standard Permit Conditions Implementing Procedure Timeframe for Implementation Agency Responsible for Monitoring Monitoring Action/Frequency — If it is not possible to schedule construction activities between September 1 and January 31 then a qualified ornithologist shall conduct a preconstruction survey to identify active bird nests that may be disturbed during project construction. This survey shall be completed no more than seven days prior to the initiation of demolition/construction activities (including tree removal and pruning). During this survey, the ornithologist shall inspect all trees and other possible nesting habitats in and immediately adjacent to the construction areas for nests. — If the survey does not identify any nesting birds that would be affected by construction activities, no further mitigation is required. If an active nest is found sufficiently close to work areas to be disturbed by these activities, the ornithologist (in consultation with the CDFV) shall designate a construction -free buffer zone (typically 300 feet for raptors and 100 feet for non -raptors) to be established around the nest to ensure that no nests of species protected by the MBTA and California Fish and Game Code will be disturbed during construction activities. The buffer shall remain in place until a qualified ornithologist has determined that the nest is no longer active. — A final report on nesting birds and raptors, including survey methodology, survey date(s), map of identified active nests (if any), and protection measures (if required), shall be submitted to the Planning Manager and be completed to the satisfaction of the Community Vallco Town Center Specific Plan 55 City of Cupertino Conditions of Approval or Standard Permit Conditions Implementing Procedure Timeframe for Implementation Agency Responsible for Monitoring Monitoring Action/Frequency Development Director prior to the start of Over 12 inches and up to 18 Two 24 -inch box trees grading. Over 18 inches Standard Permit Conditions: Project applicant to Prior to Master Site City of Cupertino A third party consultant will be • Protected Trees: submit updated Development — Community hired, at the applicant's expense, to — An updated arborist report shall be prepared by a arborist report and Permit and relevant Development ensure that tree protection certified arborist and submitted to the City. The provide appropriate Architectural and Department — measures have been installed and updated arborist report shall include updated tree tree replacements Site Approval Planning being adhered to through assessments and tree maintenance and protection Permits construction. measures for trees to be preserved. The Review reports, ensure appropriate development project shall be required to replacement trees are being implement the recommendations in the arborist provided, when trees are removed. report to protect trees identified to be preserved. — Per Municipal Code Chapter 14.18.190, trees removed shall be replaced as follows: Trunk Size of Corresponding Removed Tree Replacement Tree Up to 12 inches One 24 -inch box tree Over 12 inches and up to 18 Two 24 -inch box trees inches Over 18 inches Two 24 -inch box trees or and up to 36 one 36 -inch box tree inches Over 36 inches One 36 -inch box tree Heritage Tree of One 48 -inch box tree any size The species and location of the replacement trees and monitoring of replanting success shall be approved by the City of Cupertino Arborist and Vallco Town Center Specific Plan 56 City of Cupertino Conditions of Approval or Standard Permit Implementing Timeframe for Agency Monitoring Action/Frequency Conditions Procedure Implementation Responsible for Monitoring Community Development Director, in conformance with the City's Protected Tree Ordinance requirements. If a replacement tree for the removal of a non - heritage tree or tree with trunk size equal to or less than 36 -inches cannot be reasonably planted on the project site, an in -lieu tree replacement fee shall be paid to the City's tree fund to add or replace trees on public property in the vicinity of the Specific Plan area or add trees or landscaping on City property. Hydrology and Water Quality Standard Permit Conditions: Project applicant to Prior to issuance of City of Cupertino Review and approve SWPP, BMPs During Construction prepare a SWPP, grading and — Public Works and plants. • The revised project shall comply with the NPDES identify BMPs and building permits Department — Conduct annual monitoring as General Construction Activity Storm Water Permit pest resistant planting Engineering and required by the City's C.3 permit. administered by the Regional Water Quality Control to be incorporated in Environmental Board. Prior to construction grading the applicant the project. Identify Services shall file a Notice of Intent (NOI) and receive a annual monitoring of Waste Discharger Identification (WDID) number to BMPs. comply with the General Permit and prepare a Storm Water Pollution Prevention Plan that includes storm water quality best management practices (BMPs). The Storm Water Management Plan shall detail how runoff and associated water quality impacts resulting from the revised project will be controlled and/or managed. The Plan shall be submitted to the Director of Public Works for review and approval. The specific BMPs to be used in each phase of development shall be determined based on design and site-specific considerations and shall be Vallco Town Center Specific Plan 57 City of Cupertino Conditions of Approval or Standard Permit Conditions Implementing Procedure Timeframe for Implementation Agency Responsible for Monitoring Monitoring Action/Frequency determined prior to issuance of building and grading permits. Post -Construction • The revised project shall comply with Provision C.3 of the MRP NPDES permit, which provides enhanced performance standards for the management of storm water for new development. Prior to issuance of building and grading permits, each phase of development shall include provisions for post - construction storm water controls in the project design in compliance with the MRP Provision C.3 requirements, and shall include source control and on-site treatment control BMPs for reducing contamination in stonnwater runoff as permanent features of the project. The revised project shall include a stormwater management plan that incorporates Low Impact Development (LID) measures such as bioretention areas, porous concrete, infiltration facilities, and water harvesting devices to reduce the pollutant loads and volumes of stormwater runoff from the site. The stormwater management plan shall be consistent with the landscaping plan and trees to be preserved. • To protect groundwater from pollutant loading of urban runoff, BMPs that are primarily infiltration devices (such as infiltration trenches and infiltration basins) must meet, at a minimum, the following conditions: — Pollution prevention and source control BMPs shall be implemented to protect groundwater; Vallco Town Center Specific Plan 58 City of Cupertino Conditions of Approval or Standard Permit Conditions Implementing Procedure Timeframe for Implementation Agency Responsible for Monitoring Monitoring Action/Frequency — Use of infiltration BMPs cannot cause or contribute to degradation of groundwater; — Infiltration BMPs must be adequately maintained; — Vertical distance from the base of any infiltration device to the seasonal high groundwater mark must be at least 10 feet. In areas of highly porous soils and/or high groundwater table, BMPs shall be subject to a higher level of analysis (considering potential for pollutants such as on-site chemical use, level of pretreatment, similar factors); and — Infiltration devices shall be located a minimum of 100 feet horizontally from any water supply wells. — Class V injection wells are not permitted. • BMPs shall be selected and designed to the satisfaction of the Director of Public Works in accordance with the requirements contained in the most recent versions of the following documents: — City of Cupertino Post -Construction BMP Section Matrix; — SCVURPPP "Guidance for Implementing Storm water Regulations for New and Redevelopment Projects;" — NPDES Municipal Storm water Discharge Permit issued to the City of Cupertino by the California Regional Water Quality Control Board, San Francisco Bay Region; — California BMP Handbooks; Vallco Town Center Specific Plan 59 City of Cupertino Conditions of Approval or Standard Permit Conditions Implementing Procedure Timeframe for Implementation Agency Responsible for Monitoring Monitoring Action/Frequency — Bay Area Stormwater Management Agencies Association (BASMAA) "Start at the Source" Design Guidance Manual; — BASMAA "Using Site Design Standards to Meet Development Standards for Storm water Quality — A Companion Document to Start at the Source;" and — City of Cupertino Planning Procedures Performance Standard. • To maintain effectiveness, all storm water treatment facilities shall include long-term maintenance programs. • The applicant, project arborist, and landscape architect, shall work with the City and the SCVURPPP to select pest resistant plants to minimize pesticide use, as appropriate, and the plant selection will be reflected in the landscape plans. Noise and Vibration Standard Permit Conditions: Project applicant to Prior to issuance of City of Cupertino Ensure appropriate conditions of • An acoustical study shall be completed during the provide acoustical relevant — Community approval are incorporated per the application process when project -specific study and incorporate Architectural and Development recommendations of the acoustical information, such as building elevations, layouts, noise attenuating Site Approval Department - report and ensure incorporation of floor plans, and position of buildings on the site, is measures into plans. Permits Planning the measures in building known. The study shall determine compliance with plans/Prior to issuance of the noise and land use compatibility standards, Architectural and Site Approval identify potential noise impacts, and propose site- Permits and building permits. specific measures to reduce exposure to exterior and interior noise levels that exceed maximum permissible levels. • To reduce exterior noise levels to meet the normally acceptable thresholds of 65 dBA CNEL at multi- family residences or 70 dBA CNEL at commercial Vallco Town Center Specific Plan 60 City of Cupertino Conditions of Approval or Standard Permit Conditions Implementing Procedure Timeframe for Implementation Agency Responsible for Monitoring Monitoring Action/Frequency uses, locate noise -sensitive outdoor use areas away from major roadways or other significant sources of noise when developing site plans. Shield noise - sensitive spaces with buildings or other methods to reduce exterior noise levels. The final detailed design of these measures shall be completed at the time that the final site and grading plans are submitted. • The following shall be implemented to reduce interior noise levels to meet the normally acceptable thresholds of 45 dBA CNEL at multi -family residences or 50 dBA Leq(1-hr) at commercial uses during hours of operations: — If future exterior noise levels at residential building facades are between 60 and 65 dBA CNEL, incorporate adequate forced -air mechanical ventilation to reduce interior noise levels to acceptable levels by closing the windows to control noise. — If future exterior noise levels at residential building facades exceed 65 dBA CNEL, forced - air mechanical ventilation systems and sound - rated construction methods are normally required. Such methods or materials may include a combination of smaller window and door sizes as a percentage of the total building fagade facing the noise source, sound -rated windows and doors, sound -rated exterior wall assemblies, and mechanical ventilation so Vallco Town Center Specific Plan 61 City of Cupertino Conditions of Approval or Standard Permit Implementing Timeframe for Agency Monitoring Action/Frequency Conditions Procedure Implementation Responsible for Monitoring windows may be kept closed at the occupant's discretion. — If the 50 dBA Leq(1-hr) threshold would not be met, other site-specific measures, such as increasing setbacks of the buildings from the adjacent roadways, or using shielding by other buildings to reduce noise levels, implementing additional sound treatments to the building design, etc. shall be considered to reduce interior noise levels to meet the Cal Green Code threshold. Public Services and Recreation Standard Permit Condition: Future development Project applicant to Prior to approval of City of Cupertino Review plans for compliance with under the revised project shall dedicate land through indicate compliance the Master Site — Public Works Vallco Town Center Specific Plan compliance with Municipal Code Chapter 13.08 and with the Open Space Development Department — Title 18, which help ensure the provision of parklands in requirements of the Permit Engineering and compliance with the City standard of a minimum of Vallco Town Center Community three acres per 1,000 residents. Specific Plan Development Department — Planning Transportation Conditions of Approval: Project applicant to Prior to approval of City of Cupertino A third party consultant will be • To ensure neighborhood cut -through traffic and provide the Master Site — Public Works hired to monitor neighborhood parking intrusion are minimized, future development appropriate funds to Development Department — parking and traffic, if it is deemed under the revised project shall fund neighborhood be held by the City Permit Engineering and to be an issue by the Director of cut -through traffic monitoring studies and provide unh time til sucme as a Transportation T Public Works. The neighborhood fees in the amount of $500,000 to the City of project is initiated. parking and traffic monitoring Cupertino, $150,000 to the City of Santa Clara, and program shall include the $250,000 to the City of Sunnyvale to monitor and following components: (1) implement traffic calming improvements and a identifying the monitoring areas residential parking permit program to minimize (roadways where the monitoring neighborhood cut -through traffic and parking would occur), (2) setting baseline intrusion, if determined to be needed by the conditions, such as, number of Vallco Town Center Specific Plan 62 City of Cupertino Conditions of Approval or Standard Permit Conditions Implementing Procedure Timeframe for Implementation Agency Responsible for Monitoring Monitoring Action/Frequency respective City's Public Works Department. The parked vehicles and traffic volumes details of the neighborhood parking and traffic on the roadways, (3) determining intrusion monitoring program shall be determined thresholds requiring action, (4) when the conditions of approval for project establishing the monitoring development are established. The monitoring schedule, and (5) creating reporting program shall include the following components: (1) protocols. The baseline conditions identifying the monitoring areas (roadways where the shall be established prior to but monitoring would occur), (2) setting baseline within one year of initial conditions, such as, number of parked vehicles and occupancy. Monitoring shall then traffic volumes on the roadways, (3) determining occur annually for five years. thresholds requiring action, (4) establishing the monitoring schedule, and (5) creating reporting protocols. The baseline conditions shall be established prior to but within one year of initial occupancy. Monitoring shall then occur annually for five years. • For left -turn storage deficiencies at Intersections #11 (De Anza Boulevard/Stevens Creek Boulevard), #31 (Wolfe RoadNallco Parkway), #41 (Tantau AvenueNallco Parkway), #42 (Stevens Creek Boulevard/Tantau Avenue), contribute one payment of $100,000 to citywide ITS improvements (such as adoptive signal control, advanced signal loop detectors or video image detectors) to improve signal operations and queuing. • Intersection #53 — Lawrence Expressway / Bollinger Road: Coordinate with the County of Santa Clara and pay fair share contribution of $450,000 to reduce the median width on the northbound approach of Lawrence Expressway to provide for approximately 325 feet of additional capacity. Vallco Town Center Specific Plan 63 City of Cupertino Conditions of Approval or Standard Permit Implementing Timeframe for Agency Monitoring Action/Frequency Conditions Procedure Implementation Responsible for Monitoring • Intersection #56 — Lawrence Expressway / Saratoga Avenue: Coordinate with the County of Santa Clara and pay fair share contribution of $425,000 needed to reduce the median width on the eastbound approach of Saratoga Avenue to maximize the left - turn queuing capacity. • Consistent with VTA Guidelines, the project Project applicant Prior to issuance of City of Cupertino Coordinate with applicant and proponent shall coordinate with the City and VTA to shall coordinate with Master Site — Department of VTA to identify feasible transit identify feasible transit priority measures near the the City and VTA Development Public Works — priority measures near affected affected facility and include contributions to any and contribute to any Permit Transportation facility that improve transit speed applicable projects that improve transit speed and applicable projects and reliability reliability. that improve transit speed and reliability • Intersection #21 — Stevens Creek Boulevard / Project applicant Prior to entering City of Cupertino Review and approve plans to Perimeter Road: Reconfigure the median on Stevens shall provide into a street — Department of ensure compliance/ Prior to Creek Boulevard to reduce the westbound left -turn engineering plans to improvement Public Works — issuance of street improvement lane to Portal Avenue to accommodate an additional ensure construction agreement, Engineering and plans. 80 feet of capacity for the eastbound left turn from of these including bonds or Transportation Stevens Creek Boulevard to Perimeter Road. improvements other surety to guarantee the • Intersection #31 — Wolfe Road / Vallco Parkway: improvements, the Reconfigure the median on Vallco Parkway between project applicant Wolfe Road and Perimeter Road to provide a shall have plans continuous median with a 325 -foot westbound left- approved by the turn lane at Wolfe Road and a 220 -foot eastbound City. left -turn lane at Perimeter Road. • Intersection #32 — Wolfe Road -Miller Avenue / Stevens Creek Boulevard: Extend the inner eastbound left -turn lane from Stevens Creek Boulevard to Wolfe Road to the same length as the outer left -turn lane to provide approximately 260 feet of additional capacity. Vallco Town Center Specific Plan 64 City of Cupertino Conditions of Approval or Standard Permit Conditions Implementing Procedure Timeframe for Implementation Agency Responsible for Monitoring Monitoring Action/Frequency Standard Permit Conditions: Project applicant Prior to issuance of City of Cupertino Ensure requirements are • Construction truck access to the site shall be shall incorporate demolition, grading — Community incorporated in the approved plans. prohibited during peak commute times (7:00 AM to these requirements and building Development 9:00 AM and 4:00 PM to 7:00 PM) and conform the into the Construction permits Department — City's Municipal Code requirements. Management Plan Building, and demolition, Planning and grading and building Public Works permits. Project Department — applicant shall Engineering indicate how compliance will be achieved — options include via signage, notices and construction agreements. • Future development under the revised project shall Project applicant Prior to entering City of Cupertino Review and approve plans to be subject to City development review to ensure that shall provide into a street — Department of ensure compliance/ Prior to minimum design standards are met, including engineering plans to improvement Public Works — issuance of street improvement adequate sight distance and configurations (including ensure construction agreement, Engineering and plans. adequate width and turn radii for continuous of these including bonds or Transportation unimpeded circulation through the site for passenger improvements other surety to vehicles, emergency vehicles, and large trucks). The guarantee the final design of roadways, driveways, and access improvements, the points shall be approved by the City. project applicant shall have plans approved by the City. Sources: City of Cupertino. Draft Environmental Impact Report Vallco Special Area Specific Plan. May 2018 ---. Environmental Impact Report Amendment Vallco Special Area Specific Plan. July 2018. ---. Final Environmental Impact Report Vallco Special Area Specific Plan. August 2018. 1030282.5 1030282.12 Vallco Town Center Specific Plan 65 City of Cupertino