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M. Public Service and UtilitiesLSA ASSOCIATES, INC. APPLE CAMPUS 2 PROJECT EIR JUNE 2015 V. SETTING, IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES M. PUBLIC SERVICES AND UTILITIES M. PUBLIC SERVICES AND UTILITIES This section analyzes the proposed project's potential impacts on public services and utilities includ- ing: fire protection, police services, schools, open space and recreation facilities, water, wastewater, solid waste, telecommunications, and electricity and natural gas. Potential impacts on public services and utilities that could result from the proposed project are identified, and mitigation measures are recommended, as appropriate. The related topic of storm drainage is evaluated in Section V.G, Hydrology and Water Quality. 1. Setting This section provides current service locations, capacities, and expansion possibilities relating to public services and utilities. a. Fire Protection. The Santa Clara County Fire Department (SCCFD) provides fire suppression, emergency medical, and hazardous material response services to the cities of Campbell, Cupertino, Los Altos, Monte Sereno, Saratoga, the towns of Los Altos Hills and Los Gatos, and adjacent unincorporated County areas. The SCCFD is configured into four battalion districts and operates 17 fire stations throughout the County.' The SCCFD administrative headquarters is located at 14700 Winchester Boulevard in Los Gatos. The SCCFD consists of the following divisions: Fire Prevention, Operations, Training, and Support Services. The Fire Prevention division provides fire, life, and hazardous materials inspection services for building construction, annual building inspection, and hazardous materials regulation. The Operations division coordinates the resources for emergency responses to fires, rescues, and hazardous materials releases. The Training division is responsible for training activities, and the Support Services division is responsible for all vehicles, facilities, and communications services. The SCCFD participates in a County Mutual Aid agreement for Santa Clara County, which provides all fire agencies within the County with staff and mechanical assis- tance. SCCFD staffing, facilities, equipment, and response times are described below. (1) Staffing, Facilities, and Equipment. The SCCFD currently employs over 285 fire pre- vention, suppression, investigation, administration, and maintenance personnel, and approximately 40 volunteer firefighters .2 Daily emergency response staffing consists of 70 fire personnel on a 24-hour shift assignment and one Battalion Chief in Battalion 12. County Fire Station 1 (Cupertino Station) and County Fire Station 2 (Seven Springs Station) would be the first and second responders to the project site, respectively. Cupertino Station is located approximately 2 miles southwest of the project site at 20215 Steven Creek Boulevard in Cupertino, and Seven Springs Station is located approxi- mately 4.3 miles southwest of the project site at 21000 Seven Springs Parkway in Cupertino. The Cupertino Fire Station is equipped with three fire engines and four fire trucks, and is staffed by two captains, three emergency medical technician (EMT) firefighters, and two paramedic firefighters. The minimum staffing level for Cupertino Station at any given time is seven firefighters per shift.' The Seven Springs Station is equipped with three fire engines, four hazardous materials vehicles, and one battalion vehicle, and is staffed by one battalion chief, two captains, three EMT firefighters, and 1 Santa Clara County Fire Department, 2011. Website: www. sccfd.org (accessed November 7). 2 Ibid. 3 Jarvis, Don, 2011. Deputy Chief. Santa Clara County Fire Department. Personal communication with LSA Associates, Inc. November 4. P:\COC1101 Apple 2 Campus\PRODUCTS\DEIR\Public\5m-PublicSe iceUtil.doc(06/03/13) PUBLIC REVIEWDRAFT 561 LSA ASSOCIATES, INC. APPLE CAMPUS 2 PROJECT EIR JUNE 2015 V. SETTING, IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES M. PUBLIC SERVICES AND UTILITIES two paramedic firefighters .4 The minimum staffing level for Seven Springs Station at any given time is eight firefighters per shift. However, due to increasing costs and flat revenues, staffing at the Seven Springs Station may be reduced to three firefighters per shift.' Seven Springs Station also is responsi- ble for SCCFD's hazardous materials response and inspection program.6 All SCCFD firefighters are certified as EMT -1D (Emergency Medical Technicians/Defibrillator), and at least one firefighter on each responding engine company is State -licensed and locally accredited as a Paramedic.' (2) Response Times. A standard first -alarm response for structure fires consists of a total of 15 SCCFD personnel and includes two engine companies, a ladder truck company, a rescue or haz- ardous materials company, and a Battalion Chief. On working fires, the response is increased to 25 SCCFD personnel with three engines companies, one ladder truck company, a Hazardous Materials and Breathing Support company, one rescue company, two Battalion Chiefs, a Safety Officer, and a Duty Investigator.' The SCCFD also uses an automatic move -up system to provide coverage of core fire stations in the event of simultaneous alarms to guarantee continuous coverage of the entire service area if another response is required during an alarm. The SCCFD's average response time goal is less than 7 minutes 90 percent of the time. In 2010, the SCCFD met the average response time goal 88.7 percent of the time.9 The average response time to the project site under current conditions is approximately 6 minutes from Cupertino Station.10 b. Police Services. The Santa Clara County Sheriffs Office (Sheriffs Office), West Valley Patrol Division, provides law enforcement services to the City of Cupertino and the communities of Saratoga, Los Altos Hills, Moffett, and the unincorporated areas of western Santa Clara County. The West Valley Patrol Division Substation (which provides police services in the vicinity of the project site) is located in Cupertino, at 1601 South De Anza Boulevard. The Sheriffs Office also maintains contracts with the Valley Transportation Authority and the Santa Clara County Parks Department for law enforcement service s.11 (1) Staffing. Currently, there are 86 positions allocated for the West Valley Patrol Division. The West Valley Patrol Division does not anticipate any changes in the staffing level in the near future .12 Cupertino has 28 deputies, of which four deputies are assigned to traffic enforcement, three deputies are assigned to the Motorcycle Unit, and one deputy uses a patrol car. Two deputies are School Resource Officers, providing the 14 schools in Cupertino with a law enforcement resource and 4 Ibid. ' Ibid. 6 Santa Clara County Fire Department, 2011, op. cit. ' Ibid. ' Ibid. 9 Jarvis, Don, 2011. Deputy Chief, op. cit " Ibid. 11 Cupertino, City of, 2011. Sheriffs Office. Website: www.cMertino.org/index.aMx?fie=364 (accessed September 30). 12 Smith, Laurie, 2011. Sheriff. Office of the Sheriff, County of Santa Clara. Personal communication with LSA Associates, Inc. November 17. P:\COC1101 Apple 2 Campus\PRODUCTS\DEIR\Public\5m-PublicSe iceUtil.doc(06/03/13) PUBLIC REVIEWDRAFT 562 LSA ASSOCIATES, INC. APPLE CAMPUS 2 PROJECT EIR JUNE 2015 V. SETTING, IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES M. PUBLIC SERVICES AND UTILITIES liaison to the Sheriff's Office. One additional deputy handles all the enforcement incidents that arise at the schools. The remaining 21 deputies perform routine patrol functions on a 24-hour daily basis.13 (2) Response Times. The Sheriff's Office and the City of Cupertino have agreed-upon target response times of 5 minutes for Priority 1 calls, 9 minutes for Priority 2 calls, and 20 minutes for Priority 3 calls. 14 According to the Sheriff's Office, the average response time for Priority 1 calls is 4 minutes. Average response times for Priority 2 and 3 calls are 6 and 9 minutes, respectively. 15,16 (3) Beat Patrol and Law Enforcement Issues. The project site is located within the West Valley Patrol Division's C5 beat area, which is bounded by Homestead Road to the north, Tantau Avenue to the east, Stevens Creek Boulevard to the south, and the perimeter of the Vallco Fashion Plaza to the west. Currently, one deputy is assigned to the C5 beat with three deputies assigned to the beats surrounding the C5 area. The on -beat deputy conducts routine patrols and directed enforcement within the assigned beat whenever he or she is not called for service. Generally, depending upon calls for service, a deputy spends approximately 4 to 6 hours out of a 10 -hour shift on routine patrol within an assigned beat area. 17 In comparison to other cities with similar geographical, economical, and industrial configurations, Cupertino maintains a relatively low crime rate. Primary law enforcement issues within the C5 beat include petty theft and auto burglaries, primarily from Vallco Fashion Plaza.18 C. Schools. School services in Cupertino are provided by the Cupertino Union School District, Fremont Union High School District, and the Santa Clara Unified School District. Information in this section is based on information provided by the school districts, unless otherwise noted. School services, enrollment, and service standards for each of these school districts are discussed below. This analysis focuses on local school districts, even though future Apple employees at the site will enroll students in school districts throughout the Bay Area. (1) Cupertino Union School District. The Cupertino Union School District operates 27 schools in the communities of Saratoga, Cupertino, San Jose, Santa Clara, Los Altos, and Sunnyvale. There are 20 elementary (grades K-5) schools, one K-8 school, and six middle schools (grades 6-8). Current District -wide enrollment (2011-2012 school year) is 18,645 students.19 As shown in Table V.M-1, projected District -wide enrollment in 2015 is 18,915 students, representing a 1.4 percent increase from current District -wide enrollment. District -wide, elementary and middle schools are currently over capacity and do not have room to accommodate additional students in their existing facilities, resulting in overcrowding of existing District school facilities. 13 Cupertino, City of, 2011. Sheriff s Office. 14 Priority 1 calls are considered the highest priority calls and signal emergency dispatch. 15 Smith, Laurie, 2011, op. cit 16 Based upon a 3 -year average, the Sheriff s Office approximation of 4 minutes for Priority 1 calls is a conservative estimate. 17 Smith, Laurie, 2011, op. cit " Ibid. 19 Hausman, Rick, 2012. Chief Business Officer, Cupertino Union School District. Personal communications with LSA Associates, Inc. April 13. P:\COC1101 Apple 2 Campus\PRODUCTS\DEIR\Public\5m-PublicSe iceUtil.doc(06/03/13) PUBLIC REVIEWDRAFT 563 LSA ASSOCIATES, INC. APPLE CAMPUS 2 PROJECT EIR JUNE 2015 V. SETTING, IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES M. PUBLIC SERVICES AND UTILITIES Table V.M-1: Cupertino Union School District Capacity and Enrollment Data Existing School Level Enrollmenta Academic Ca acit b Capacity Shortfall 2015 Projected Enrollment All District Elementary Schools 12,593 11,932 661 12,258 All District Middle Schools 6,052 5,492 560 6,657 Total 18,645 17,424 1,221 18,915 a Existing enrollment includes student enrollment during the 2011-2012 school year. b Academic capacity assumes appropriate support space allocated, State recommended loading of classrooms, and continued use of older and leased modular buildings. Source: Cupertino Union School District, 2012. Student enrollment in the Cupertino Union School District has increased by approximately 20 percent in the last decade and most District schools have added modular classrooms to accommodate enroll- ment increases .20 In June 2012, a $220 million school repair bond measure (also known as Measure H) was approved with over 65 percent of voter support. The approved school repair measure would repair and upgrade school facilities, upgrade science and educational technology, and provide additional classrooms.21 In the elementary schools, it is anticipated that the construction of one or more classroom wings at some of the District schools, along with improvements to supporting facilities, would be made to accommodate increased enrollment .22 In the middle schools, the District has plans for possible improvements at several of the middle schools that involve the construction of two-story classroom buildings and improvements to associated support and recreational space.zs New development is required to provide necessary funding and/or capital facilities for the school system, as determined by applicable State -mandated development impact fees. The proposed project would be subject to Level 1 development impact fees, where the maximum fees for commercial/ industrial development are $0.31 and $0.20 per square foot for the Cupertino Union School District and the Fremont Union High School District, respectively. The Cupertino Union School District and the Fremont Union High School District have an agreement as to how fee revenues must be shared, under which the Cupertino Union School District would be allowed to collect up to 60 percent of the maximum fee amount, and the Fremont Union High School District would be allowed to collect 40 percent of the maximum amount.24 (2) Fremont Union High School District. The Fremont Union High School District operates five high schools (grades 9-12) and one adult and community education school in the cities of Cupertino, Sunnyvale, and San Jose. The District also provides concurrent enrollment for l 1th and 12th graders at De Anza College for educational enrichment purposes.25 As shown in Table V.M-2, current District -wide enrollment (2012-2013 school year projection) is 10,702 students, and projected 20 Schoolhouse Services, 2012a. fipple Campus 2 School Impacts on the Cupertino Union School District. May. 21 Cupertino Union School District, 2012. Possible School Repair Bond. Website: www.edline.net/pages/ Cupertino Union SD/About the District/Bond (accessed April 16 and July 11). 22 Schoolhouse Services, 2012a, op. cit. 23 Ibid. 24 Ibid. 25 Fremont Union High School District, 2011. Schools and Programs. Website: www.fuhsd.orR1HIGHschools (accessed November 18). P:\COC1101 Apple 2 Campus\PRODUCTS\DEIR\Public\5m-PublicSe iceUtil.doc(06/03/13) PUBLIC RESEWDRAFT 564 LSA ASSOCIATES, INC. APPLE CAMPUS 2 PROJECT EIR JUNE 2015 V. SETTING, IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES M. PUBLIC SERVICES AND UTILITIES District -wide enrollment in 2015 is 10,781 students, representing a 0.74 percent increase from existing District -wide enrollment.26 District -wide, high schools are currently over capacity, resulting in overcrowding of existing District school facilities. Table V.M-2: Fremont Union High School District Capacity and Enrollment Data School Level Existing Enrollmenta Academic Capacity Capacity Shortfall 2015 Projected Enrollment All District High Schools 10,702 10,064 638 10,781 Total 10,702 10,064 638 10,781 a Existing enrollment includes maximum projected student enrollment during the 2012-2013 school year. Source: Fremont Unified High School District, 2012. Student enrollment in the Fremont Union High School District has increased by approximately 16 percent in the last decade and most District schools have added modular classrooms to accommodate enrollment increases.27 In June 2008, District voters approved a Proposition 39 Bond, known as Measure B, in the amount of $198 million. In November 2010, the District's Board of Trustees approved the Program Implementation Plan (PIP), which is a master plan for the implementation of projects throughout the District, including new classrooms and science labs, new and remodeled student service facilities, and infrastructure upgrades.28 New development is required to provide necessary funding and/or capital facilities for the school system, as determined by applicable State -mandated development impact fees. As previously described, the proposed project would be subject to Level 1 development impact fees (maximum fees for commercial/industrial development are $0.31 and $0.20 per square foot for the Cupertino Union School District and the Fremont Union High School District, respectively). The Cupertino Union School District and the Fremont Union High School District have an agreement as to how fee revenues must be shared. The Fremont Union High School District would be allowed to collect 40 percent of the maximum fee amount, and the Cupertino Union School District would be allowed to collect up to 60 percent of the maximum fee amount.29 (3) Santa Clara Unified School District. The Santa Clara Unified School District operates 24 schools in the communities of Santa Clara, Sunnyvale, and Alviso. There are 16 elementary schools (grades K-5), one K-8 school, three middle schools (grades 6-8), and four high schools (grades 9-12) in the District. As shown in Table V.M-3, current District -wide enrollment (2011-2012 school year) is 14,820 students, and projected District -wide enrollment in 2015 is 18,256 students, representing a 23 percent increase.30 District -wide, elementary and middle schools are under capacity, and high schools are over capacity by 213 students. 26 Crutchfield, Jason, 2012. Director of Business Services. Fremont Union High School District. Personal communication with LSA Associates, Inc. April 12. 27 Schoolhouse Services, 2012b. fipple Campus 2 School Impacts on the Fremont Union High School District. May. 28 Fremont Union High School District, 2012. Bond Program. Website: www.fuhsd.org/BONDprogram (accessed April 16). 29 Schoolhouse Services, 2012b, op. cit. 30 Plough, Bobbie, 2011. Superintendent, Santa Clara Unified School District. Personal communication with LSA Associates, Inc. November 14. P:\COC1101 Apple 2 Campus\PRODUCTS\DEIR\Public\5m-PublicSe iceUtil.doc(06/03/13) PUBLIC RESEWDRAFT 565 LSA ASSOCIATES, INC. APPLE CAMPUS 2 PROJECT EIR JUNE 2015 V. SETTING, IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES M. PUBLIC SERVICES AND UTILITIES Table V.M-3: Santa Clara Unified School District Capacity and Enrollment Data School Level Existing Enrollmenta Academic Ca acit b Capacity 2015 Projected Shortfall Enrollment` All District Elementary Schools 7,807 10,500 -2,693 All District Middle Schools 3,087 4,425 -1,338 All District High Schools 3,926 3,713 213 — Total 14,820 18,638 3,800 18,256 a Existing enrollment includes student enrollment during the 2011-2012 school year. b Academic Capacity numbers are from the District's Long Range Facilities Master Plan, 2010 (Appendix B, 30:1 Class Size, page 293). 2015 Projected Enrollment is from the District's Long Range Facilities Master Plan, 2010 (Exhibit 27, Projected Enrollment, District -wide 2008-2014, page 237). The projected enrollment numbers are not sorted by grade level for all categories. Source: Santa Clara Unified School District, 2012. Student enrollment in the Santa Clara Unified School District has increased from 13,623 students to 14,820 students, representing an approximately 8.8 percent increase in the last decade.31 District voters have approved the following three General Obligation bonds: 1) Measure B in June 1997 in the amount of $145 million; 2) Measure J in November 2004 in the amount of $315 million; and 3) Measure H in November 2010 in the amount of $81.1 million. The Measure B bond authorized capital improvements of district schools and associated facilities such as new high school science classrooms, major renovation of eleven elementary school campuses, and a roof replacement program. The Measure J bond provided extensive modernization projects for middle and high schools, including seismic upgrades to classrooms and schools and addition of school facilities to relieve overcrowding. The Measure H bond will fund specific projects that would upgrade and install school fire and safety systems, renovate and re -open closed school sites, improve or install systems to reduce energy costs, acquire sites for future schools, and expand overcrowded schools by renovating and repairing outdated classrooms.32 New development is required to provide necessary funding and/or capital facilities for the school system, as determined by applicable State -mandated development impact fees. The Santa Clara Unified School District's development impact fee for commercial development is $0.47 per square foot.,, (4) Regulatory Framework. This section describes applicable State regulations that pertain to public schools. Local school districts are empowered under State law to impose school impact fees, which are collected by local governments at the time of building permit issuance. However, these fees are limited to those established by the State. 31 California Department of Education, 2012. Educational Demographic Unit. California Public School Enrollment District Report: 2002-03 District Enrollment by Grade Santa Clara Unified. Website: data 1.Cde.ca. ROV/dataquest/ (accessed April 17) 32 Santa Clara Unified School District, 2012. Bond Projects. Website: www.santaclarausd.org/bondproiects.cfm (accessed April 17). 33 Plough, Bobbie, 2011. Superintendent, Santa Clara Unified School District, op. cit. P:\COC1101 Apple 2 Campus\PRODUCTS\DEIR\Public\5m-PublicSe iceUtil.doc(06/03/13) PUBLIC REVIEWDRAFT 566 LSA ASSOCIATES, INC. APPLE CAMPUS 2 PROJECT EIR JUNE 2015 V. SETTING, IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES M. PUBLIC SERVICES AND UTILITIES In 1998, the California State Legislature enacted Senate Bill 50 (SB 50), which made significant amendments to existing State law governing school fees. SB 50 prohibited State or local agencies from imposing school impact mitigation fees, dedications, or other requirements in excess of those provided in the statute. Government Code Section 65995(e) provides that where payment has been made to a school district in accordance with the school fee program, that payment is considered full mitigation for school impacts. The legislation also prohibits local agencies from denying or condition- ing any project based on the inadequacy of school facilities. d. Parks, Open Space, and Recreation Facilities. The City of Cupertino and its adjacent juris- dictions collaborate with several public agencies such as the Midpeninsula Regional Open Space District and Santa Clara County parks program in acquiring, maintaining, and developing open space lands. Within City boundaries, the City's existing park and recreational space include neighborhood and community facilities, residential parks, and schools with recreational space. As shown in Table V.M-4, the City has a total of 29 parkland and recreational facilities that total approximately 164 acres. In 2005, in conjunction with a proposed Table V.M-4: City of Cupertino Existing Park townhouse development project, the City of and Recreation Areas Cupertino designated a 1.1 -acre neighbor- hood park parcel within the project site as Parks and Open Space under the General Plan to serve the future residents of the townhouse development project and residents living in the northern portion of the City. However, neither the townhouse Type of Park Number of Parks Acreage (acres) Residential Parks/Open Space 1 0.94 Neighborhood Parks 16 78.23 C0 nity Parks 6 55.20 Schools with Recreational Space 8 29.88 Total 29 164.25 development project nor public park were Source: Cupertino General Plan, 2005, City of Cupertino, 2012. developed, although the site of the proposed park (currently a parking lot) remains designated as park space in the City of Cupertino General Plan and Zoning Ordinance The General Plan identifies the northeastern portion of the City as a park - deficient area and envisions that the potential park on the site would be available for public use by existing and new residents in this area (existing residents include those in The Hamptons apartment community and the residential neighborhood behind the Hilton Garden Inn -Cupertino and Courtyard Inn San Jose/Cupertino hotels). Other neighborhood parks located near the project site include Portal (3.8 acres), Wilson (4.8 acres), and Creekside (13 acres) parks. The City of Cupertino uses a standard of 3 acres per 1,000 residents as a threshold to measure how well its citizens are provided with access to open space and recreational facilities.34 With a 2011 population of 58,302, it is estimated that the City currently provides 2.8 acres of open space per 1,000 residents (below the objective of 3 acres per 1,000 residents). The City's open space resources also include trail corridors like that along the Stevens Creek Flood Plain, which is currently undergoing restoration. As described in Chapter IV. Planning Policy, the City's General Plan Land Use/Community Design Element includes policies and strategies (see Policy 2-73 and Strategies 1, 2, and 3. Figure 2-I Trail Linkages in the General Plan, shows a proposed Calabazas Creek Trail extending through the project site along the creek as an "Existing or 34 Cupertino, City of, 2005, General Plan, op. cit. P:\COC1101 Apple 2 Campus\PRODUCTS\DEIR\Public\5m-PublicSe iceUtil.doc(06/03/13) PUBLIC REVIEWDRAFT 567 LSA ASSOCIATES, INC. APPLE CAMPUS 2 PROJECT EIR JUNE 2015 V. SETTING, IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES M. PUBLIC SERVICES AND UTILITIES Proposed Trail Linkage." However, this trail linkage would need to traverse a culvert under I-280 in order to link with a future trail segment to the south. Additionally, the SCVWD's Clean, Safe Creeks and Natural Flood Protection Plan calls for identifying recreation opportunities along the Creek as part of the flood protection project. Thus the General Plan envisions that a trail established along Calabazas Creek would connect to adjoining neighborhoods, employment centers, and open spaces, where appropriate, and subject to the evaluation of safety, security, and privacy impacts, and mitigation requirements. The Santa Clara Valley Water District (SCVWD) owns and maintains the Calabazas Creek right-of- way (including the segment within the project site). Through the Clean, Safe Creeks and Natural Flood Protection Plan, SCVWD partners with cities and counties to incorporate trails, parks, and recreation opportunities along creeks into existing or new flood control projects.35 In addition, the SCVWD's Trails and Open Space Program has one grant program to implement the SCVWD Board Governance Ends Policy E-4.3.1, which states the SCVWD will support additional trails, parks, and open space along creeks and in the watershed when reasonable .16 e. Water Services. The City of Cupertino receives water services from two contracted providers: the California Water Service Company (Cal Water) serves residents north of Stevens Creek Boule- vard and the San Jose Water Company serves residents south of Stevens Creek Boulevard. Cal Water provides water service to the project site. Cupertino is within Cal Water's Los Altos Suburban District (District). The District serves the communities of Los Altos and parts of Los Altos Hills, Cupertino, Mountain View, and Sunnyvale. Information in this section is based on the Apple Campus 2 SB 610 Water Supply Assessment (WSA)37 and the District's 2010 Urban Water Management Plan (UWMP),38 unless otherwise noted. The proposed project was not specifically included in the District's 2010 UWMP; as a result, the project's water requirements were addressed in the WSA that was approved by the Cal Water Board. The WSA is available for review in Appendix G of this document and at the City's Department of Community Development. The District's sources of water and water treatment and distribution systems are described below (1) Water Sources. Cal Water's Los Altos Suburban District uses a combination of local groundwater (approximately 32 percent) and imported water (approximately 68 percent) purchased from the SCVWD .39 In a given year, the ratio of groundwater and purchased treated water varies depending on the supply available from the SCVWD .40 Currently, no wastewater is recycled for direct 35 Santa Clara Valley Water District, 2000. Clean, Safe Creeks and Natural Flood Protection Plan. Website: www.valleywater.org/programs/CleanSafeCreeksPlan.asix (accessed June 4, 2012), July 25. 36 Santa Clara Valley Water District, 2012. Trails and Open Space Program. Website: www.valleywater.org/ Services/TrailsAndOpenSpace.asp (accessed March 5). 37 Yarne & Associates, Inc., 2012. fipple Campus 2 Development Project SB 610 Water Supply Assessment Draft. February 1. 38 California Water Service Company, 2011. 2010 Urban Water Management Plan, Los Altos Suburban District. June. 39 Ibid. 40 Yarne & Associates, Inc., 2012, op. cit. P:\COC1101 Apple 2 Campus\PRODUCTS\DEIR\Public\5m-PublicSe iceUtil.doc(06/03/13) PUBLIC RESEWDRAFT 568 LSA ASSOCIATES, INC. APPLE CAMPUS 2 PROJECT EIR JUNE 2015 V. SETTING, IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES M. PUBLIC SERVICES AND UTILITIES reuse in the District.41 As a water retailer, Cal Water does not have direct control over its water supply. Cal Water relies on SCVWD to maintain reliable supplies of groundwater and imported water. SCVWD imported water is conveyed through the Sacramento -San Joaquin Delta and then pumped and delivered to the County through three main pipelines: the South Bay Aqueduct, which carries water from the State Water Project (SWP), the Santa Clara Conduit and Pacheco Conduit, both of which bring water from the federal Central Valley Project (CVP), and the San Francisco Public Utilities Commission's (SFPUC) Regional Water System.42 However, Cal Water only receives SCVWD water from the SWP and CVP.41 When surface water supplies are abundant, SCVWD makes available for sale "Non -Contract" water in order to promote increased storage in groundwater aquifers in the region. Because there is usually a lower cost for purchasing "Non -Contract" water, the District reduces production of groundwater and increases its purchase of treated surface water from the SCVWD during these periods. When surface water supplies are limited due to drought conditions, SCVWD has imposed both voluntary and mandatory reductions in the amount of treated water it delivers to its customers, including the District. During periods of SCVWD supply reduction and to capitalize on increased groundwater storage, the District increases groundwater pumping.44 The reliability of imported water supply from the SWP and CVP has been heavily affected by the recent Wanger Decision '41 which limits pumping in the Sacramento -San Joaquin Delta due to adverse impacts on Delta smelt populations. The Delta smelt is protected under the California Endangered Species Act. The temporary restrictions could reduce available supply from the Delta by up to 30 percent, and may limit SCVWD's ability to deliver typical amounts of water to each of its retail customers, especially in dry or consecutive dry years .46 The SCVWD operates three surface water treatment plants (the Penitencia, Rinconada, and Santa Teresa water treatment plants) for its combined surface water supplies from local runoff The imported water supply is treated and delivered to water retailers and is also delivered by SCVWD's raw water conveyance system to streams and ponds for groundwater recharge. The District is located in the Santa Clara sub -basin of the Santa Clara Valley Groundwater Basin. Groundwater quality and quantity in the District are actively managed by SCVWD. The District has 41 Santa Clara Valley Water District, 2011. 2010 Urban Water Management Plan. May. Wastewater is currently not recycled for direct reuse in the District. However, surrounding jurisdictions are exploring the possibility of extending a recycled water line from the Sunnyvale Water Pollution Control Plant along Wolfe Road for eventual connection to the project site. The City of Sunnyvale circulated an Initial StudyMlitigated Negative Declaration for the Wolfe Road Recycled Water Project in October 2012, although tmal approval for that project has not been granted. Because uncertainty remains regarding a potential future recycled water project, this analysis does not rely on recycled water as a water supply. 42 Ibid. 43 Cal Water, 2011, op. cit. 44 Yarne & Associates, Inc., 2012, op. cit. 4s Ibid. 46 Ibid. P:\COC1101 Apple 2 Campus\PRODUCTS\DEIR\Public\5m-PublicSe iceUtil.doc(06/03/13) PUBLIC RESEWDRAFT 569 LSA ASSOCIATES, INC. APPLE CAMPUS 2 PROJECT EIR JUNE 2015 V. SETTING, IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES M. PUBLIC SERVICES AND UTILITIES 27 groundwater wells, 23 of which are currently active and operational .47 While it is not normally practical to operate wells continuously in a 24-hour period, 7 days a week, the active wells would have a combined capacity of 23,850 acre feet per year (afy) if they were to be operated in this manner. Currently, active wells in the District are used to produce approximately 30 percent of this capacity. 48 Groundwater supply projections are based on groundwater production matched to meet the difference between District demand and supply deliveries from SCVWD in a given year. Cal Water has adequate well capacity to meet projected demand through 2040.49 Table V.M-5: Cal Water Planned Water Supply and Demands a Water Supply Sources 2015 2020 2025 2030 2035 2040 SCVWD Purchased Water 10,112 9,498 9,666 9,837 10,009 10,184 Cal Water Groundwater Wells 3,979 3,257 3,314 3,373 3,432 3,492 Supply Source Total 14,091 12,755 12,980 13,209 13,440 13,676 Water Demand 14,091 12,755 12,980 13,209 13,440 13,676 Difference 0 0 0 0 0 0 a Water conservation savings have been incorporated into the projections. According to the Urban Water Management Plan, for the purpose of this analysis, the total groundwater supply will be limited to only the quantity necessary to provide a normal supply to Cal Water customers. Therefore, the total supply will equal the projected demand in any given year. The groundwater supply is considered reliable through 2040 and no supply deficiencies are expected. of = acre feet Source: Cal Water Los Altos Suburban District, 2010; Urban Water Management Plan, 2011. Maximum day demands, both current and projected, are met by deliveries of purchased SCVWD water. According to the Cal Water's 2010 Urban Water Management Plan, the Los Altos District (within which Cupertino is located) has not experienced supply shortages or needed to acquire addi- tional sources of supply.50 Planned water supply during a normal year for Cal Water's service area is shown in Table V.M-5. Under normal year conditions, the SCVWD would be able to meet Cal Water's projected water demand, taking into account groundwater extraction. As described above, the District has historically pumped only a fraction of the total capacity of its active wells, which leaves excess groundwater as groundwater storage; therefore, an adequate supply of groundwater is expected to be available in normal years." As shown in Table V.M-6, the projected water supply for a single dry year would be 13,638 afy, and would decrease to 13,327 afy for the first year of multiple dry years, then increase to 13,927 afy for the second year, and decrease again to 13,685 afy for the third year. 12 According to the Urban Water Management Plan, Cal Water's water supply would be reliable during multiple dry years through 2035.s3 47 Yarne & Associates, Inc., 2012, op. cit. 48 Cal Water, 2011, op. cit. 49 Yarne & Associates, Inc., 2012, op. cit. 50 Cal Water, 2011, op. cit. 51 Ibid. 52 Yarne & Associates, Inc., 2012, op. cit. 53 Cal Water, 2011, op. cit. P:\COC1101 Apple 2 Campus\PRODUCTS\DEIR\Public\5m-PublicSe iceUtil.doc(06/03/13) PUBLIC RESEWDRAFT 570 LSA ASSOCIATES, INC. APPLE CAMPUS 2 PROJECT EIR JUNE 2015 V. SETTING, IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES M. PUBLIC SERVICES AND UTILITIES Table V.M-6: Projected Cal Water Supply for Single and Multiple Dry -Years (afy) afy = acre feet per year Source: Cal Water Los Altos Suburban District, 2010; and Urban Water Management Plan, 2011. (2) Water Treatment Facilities and Distribution System. The District's water system includes 295 miles of pipeline, 65 booster pumps, and 46 storage tanks.54 Potable water is delivered to the District from the Rinconada treatment plant through a large -diameter high-pressure pipeline (also known as the West Pipeline) that runs through Cupertino and along the Foothill Expressway." The District receives SCVWD water at four turnout locations throughout its system. Each of the turnouts is equipped with pressure and flow control devices, which provide water delivery from the main to the District system. Cal Water is not a regional water wholesaler and does not store water seasonally in reservoirs or other storage facilities.16 Water distribution lines in the vicinity of the project site include 12 -inch water lines along Pruneridge Avenue and North Tantau Avenue, an 8 -inch water line along East Homestead Road, and 12 -inch and 8 -inch water lines along North Wolfe Road. Currently, there are no recycled water distribution lines located within the vicinity of the project site. The existing total estimated potable water usage on the project site is 398.4 afy. (3) Regulatory Framework. This section describes applicable State regulations and Cal Water plans that pertain to water conservation. Senate Bill No. 7 (SBx7-7). In compliance with Senate Bill No. 7 (SBx7-7), adopted in November 2009, Cal Water is expanding water conservation programs for all its service districts. SBx7-7 mandates a Statewide 20 percent reduction in per capita urban water use by December 31, 2020. Water Conservation Master Plans. In order to achieve increased water conservation, Cal Water developed 5 -year conservation plans for each of its service districts in 2010. Major tasks in the conservation plans include a complete review of State policies and development of a compliance strategy, calculation of all appropriate per capita targets, determining water savings required from new programs, performing an analysis of conservation programs, developing a portfolio of conserva- tion program actions, and creating a plan for monitoring and updating the conservation plans.s' The 54 California Water Service Company, 2011. Los Altos District General Information. Website: www.Cal Water.com/ your district/index.php?district=las (accessed September 30). ss California Water Service Company, 2011. 2010 Urban Water Management Plan, Los Altos Suburban District. June. 56 Ibid. 57 Yarne & Associates, Inc., 2012, op. cit. P:\COC1101 Apple 2 Campus\PRODUCTS\DEIR\Public\5m-PublicSe iceUtil.doc(06/03/13) PUBLIC RESEWDRAFT 571 Multiple Multiple Multiple 2015 Single Dry Year Dry Year Dry Year Normal Year Dry -Year Year 1 Year 2 Year 3 supply 14,091 13,638 13,327 13,927 13,685 % Reduction From — 3.2% 5.4% 1.2% 2.9% 2015 (Normal Year) afy = acre feet per year Source: Cal Water Los Altos Suburban District, 2010; and Urban Water Management Plan, 2011. (2) Water Treatment Facilities and Distribution System. The District's water system includes 295 miles of pipeline, 65 booster pumps, and 46 storage tanks.54 Potable water is delivered to the District from the Rinconada treatment plant through a large -diameter high-pressure pipeline (also known as the West Pipeline) that runs through Cupertino and along the Foothill Expressway." The District receives SCVWD water at four turnout locations throughout its system. Each of the turnouts is equipped with pressure and flow control devices, which provide water delivery from the main to the District system. Cal Water is not a regional water wholesaler and does not store water seasonally in reservoirs or other storage facilities.16 Water distribution lines in the vicinity of the project site include 12 -inch water lines along Pruneridge Avenue and North Tantau Avenue, an 8 -inch water line along East Homestead Road, and 12 -inch and 8 -inch water lines along North Wolfe Road. Currently, there are no recycled water distribution lines located within the vicinity of the project site. The existing total estimated potable water usage on the project site is 398.4 afy. (3) Regulatory Framework. This section describes applicable State regulations and Cal Water plans that pertain to water conservation. Senate Bill No. 7 (SBx7-7). In compliance with Senate Bill No. 7 (SBx7-7), adopted in November 2009, Cal Water is expanding water conservation programs for all its service districts. SBx7-7 mandates a Statewide 20 percent reduction in per capita urban water use by December 31, 2020. Water Conservation Master Plans. In order to achieve increased water conservation, Cal Water developed 5 -year conservation plans for each of its service districts in 2010. Major tasks in the conservation plans include a complete review of State policies and development of a compliance strategy, calculation of all appropriate per capita targets, determining water savings required from new programs, performing an analysis of conservation programs, developing a portfolio of conserva- tion program actions, and creating a plan for monitoring and updating the conservation plans.s' The 54 California Water Service Company, 2011. Los Altos District General Information. Website: www.Cal Water.com/ your district/index.php?district=las (accessed September 30). ss California Water Service Company, 2011. 2010 Urban Water Management Plan, Los Altos Suburban District. June. 56 Ibid. 57 Yarne & Associates, Inc., 2012, op. cit. P:\COC1101 Apple 2 Campus\PRODUCTS\DEIR\Public\5m-PublicSe iceUtil.doc(06/03/13) PUBLIC RESEWDRAFT 571 LSA ASSOCIATES, INC. APPLE CAMPUS 2 PROJECT EIR JUNE 2015 V. SETTING, IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES M. PUBLIC SERVICES AND UTILITIES Los Altos Suburban District Conservation Master Plan can be found in Appendix G of the District's 2010 UWMP. Water Shortage Allocation Plans. Cal Water also developed Water Shortage Allocation Plans, which are plans of action to reduce water demand should a significant water supply shortage occur, primarily due to drought.58 The Water Shortage Allocation Plans differ from the Water Conservation Master Plans, which are focused on achieving permanent reduction in per capita water use by Cal Water's customers and are not driven by significant short-term or long-term reductions in water supply. Cal Water has developed a four -stage approach to drought response that corresponds to specific levels of water supply storage.59 f. Wastewater System. The wastewater collection and treatment system serving the project site is provided by the Cupertino Sanitary District. The existing collection system and wastewater treatment facilities serving the City are described below. (1) Collection System. The Cupertino Sanitary District operates and maintains approxi- mately 195 miles of sewer lines, approximately 80 miles of lateral pipes, and 17 pump stations .60 Of the 17 pump stations, 11 are located in the City of Cupertino, and six are located in the City of Saratoga. Wastewater pipes within the District's service area range from 4 to 27 inches in size, and all sewer main sizes are 8 inches in diameter, unless specified. Approximately 70 percent of the sewer mains were constructed during the 1960s, 20 percent during the 1970s, and the remaining 10 percent after 1980.61 Wastewater infrastructure in the vicinity of the project site consists of 27 -inch trunk sewer mains along Pruneridge Avenue and North Tantau Avenue, a 10 -inch sewer main along the southern portion of North Tantau Avenue, an 8 -inch and a 12 -inch sewer main along East Homestead Road, and a 12 - inch sewer main along North Wolfe Road. There are no pump stations in the vicinity of the project site. A metering station is located downstream from the project site, which serves as the point where wastewater flow is transferred for conveyance to the San Jose/Santa Clara Water Pollution Control Plant (SJ/SC WPCP).62 The Cupertino Sanitary District's current flow allocation from the SJ/SC WPCP is 7.875 million gallons a day (mgd). The District's current estimated wastewater flow to SJ/SC WPCP is 5.13 mgd, which represents approximately 65 percent of the District's current allocation .6' The current waste- water flow to sewer mains near the project site is approximately 4 mgd .64 58 Ibid. 59 Ibid. 60 Tanaka, Richard, 2011. District Manager, Cupertino Sanitary District. Personal communication with LSA Associates, Inc. November 7. 61 Ibid. 62 Ibid. 63 Tanaka, Richard, 2011, op. cit. 64 Ibid. P:\COC1101 Apple 2 Campus\PRODUCTS\DEIR\Public\5m-PublicSe iceUtil.doc(06/03/13) PUBLIC REVIEWDRAFT 572 LSA ASSOCIATES, INC. APPLE CAMPUS 2 PROJECT EIR JUNE 2015 V. SETTING, IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES M. PUBLIC SERVICES AND UTILITIES (2) Wastewater Treatment Facilities. Wastewater treatment is provided by the SJ/SC WPCP, which is jointly owned by the cities of San Jose and Santa Clara. The SJ/SC WPCP is located at 700 Los Esteros Road in the City of San Jose and is one of the largest advanced wastewater treat- ment facilities in California. The SJ/SC WPCP treats the wastewater generated by over 1.5 million people in the cities of San Jose, Santa Clara, Milpitas, Campbell, Cupertino, Los Gatos, Saratoga, and Monte Sereno, and includes an advanced, tertiary system that has the capacity to treat 167 mgd of wastewater per day.65 Wastewater is treated at the SJ/SC WPCP and then discharged as fresh water through the Artesian Slough and into the South San Francisco Bay. A small portion of the treated water is recycled through the South Bay Water Recycling (SBWR) pipelines, which were developed to reduce the environmental impact of freshwater discharges into the salt marshes of the south end of the San Francisco Bay, and to help protect two endangered species: the California Clapper rail and the salt marsh harvest mouse. 66 The SBWR system consists of over 120 miles of pipelines serving the cities of Milpitas, Santa Clara, and San Jose. In October 2010, the SCVWD and SJ/SC WPCP began construction of a new water treatment facility, known as the Advanced Water Treatment Facility (AWT) that will have the capacity to produce up to 10 million gallons of highly purified water per day. The AWT is expected to begin operations in 2013. The SCVWD will own and operate the new treatment facility while the City of San Jose will continue to operate the SBWR system. The AWT facility would use microfiltration, reverse osmosis, and ultraviolet disinfection to produce highly purified water.67 The recycled water that is produced from the AWT facility would be blended with recycled water from SBWR and would be distributed for non -potable uses in irrigation and industry. g. Solid Waste. The following section describes Cupertino's non -hazardous and hazardous waste disposal services and capacity, as well as applicable solid waste regulations, including source reduction and recycling regulations. Apple currently operates a comprehensive recycling and waste management program. The program diverts approximately 78 percent of waste from landfills; the objective is to increase this diversion rate to 80 percent by 2015. The recycling program encompasses plastics, metal, paper, and consumer electronics and food scraps .61 (1) Non -Hazardous Solid Waste. Recology South Bay provides curbside recycling, garbage, and compost and yard waste services to all residential and commercial customers in the City of Cupertino and the unincorporated areas of Los Altos, Los Altos Hills, and Cupertino. Recology South Bay also offers debris box service for construction and demolition activities. Non -hazardous solid waste is taken to Newby Island Sanitary Landfill for processing, and recyclable materials are 65 San Jose, City of, 2011. Environmental Services. Wastewater, San Jose/Santa Clara Water Pollution Control Plant. Website: www.sanjoseca.gov/esd/wastewater/water-pollution-control-plant.aM (accessed November 7). 66 Ibid. 67 Santa Clara Valley Water District, 2012. Clean Reliable Water, Recycled Water. Website: www.valleywater.org SVAWPC.aspx (accessed March 7). 68 Apple, Inc., 2012. Waste Diversion Programs in Cupertino. April. P:\COC1101 Apple 2 Campus\PRODUCTS\DEIR\Public\5m-PublicSe iceUtil.doc(06/03/13) PUBLIC REVIEWDRAFT 573 LSA ASSOCIATES, INC. APPLE CAMPUS 2 PROJECT EIR JUNE 2015 V. SETTING, IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES M. PUBLIC SERVICES AND UTILITIES handled by Recology South Bay, where materials are processed for end markets .69 The City has a contract with Newby Island Sanitary Landfill until 2023.70 The Newby Island Sanitary Landfill, a subsidiary of Allied Waste, is located at 1601 Dixon Landing Road in the City of Milpitas, and handles industrial wastes, wastewater treatment sludge, construc- tion/demolition debris, contaminated soils, and municipal solid waste.'' The landfill has a total estimated capacity of 50.8 million cubic yards. As of 2000, the landfill's total estimated used capacity was approximately 32.5 million cubic yards, or 64 percent of the landfill's total capacity. The landfill has a permitted throughput of 4,000 tons per day 72 and is anticipated to have sufficient capacity until June 2025, its expected closure date.73 (2) Hazardous Solid Waste. Curbside Inc., contracted by Recology South Bay, offers door- to-door household hazardous waste collection services upon request for Cupertino residents and businesses. Hazardous waste generated by residential and business uses includes: paint, insecticides, herbicides, automotive parts, florescent lights, compact fluorescent lamps, batteries, computers, cell phones, cleaning products, solvents, and sharp objects. Apple's Computer Recycling Facility also offers free electronic waste drop-off for Cupertino residents.74 In addition, the County of Santa Clara Household Hazardous Waste (HHW) program provides hazardous waste disposal options for Cupertino residents at drop-off facilities. The HHW program offers practical pollution prevention options for the use, recycling, and disposal of products containing hazardous substances .71 (3) Regulatory Framework. The following section describes the solid waste regulatory context in Cupertino, including State-wide mandates, and local General Plan and Municipal Code requirements. California Integrated Waste Management Act (AB 939). In 1989, the California Legislature enacted the California Integrated Waste Management Act (AB 939), which requires the diversion of waste materials from landfills in order to preserve landfill capacity and natural resources. Cities and counties in California were required to divert 25 percent of solid waste by 1995, and 50 percent of solid waste by the year 2000. AB 939 further requires every city and county to prepare two docu- ments demonstrating how the mandated rates of diversion will be achieved. The Source Reduction and Recycling Element (SRRE) must describe the chief source of the jurisdiction's waste, the existing diversion programs, and current rates of waste diversion and new or expanded diversion programs. The Household Hazardous Waste Element (HHWE) must describe each jurisdiction's responsibility 69 Donnelly, Cheri, 2011. Environmental Program Manager, Solid Waste and Stormwater. City of Cupertino Public Works Department. Personal communication with LSA Associates Inc., November 14. 70 Ibid. 71 Allied Waste Services, 2011. Newby Island Sanitary Landfill. Website: www.alliedwastescco.com/facilities.cfm (accessed November 14). 72 Permitted throughput is the maximum permitted amount of waste a landfill can handle and dispose of in one day. This figure is established in the current solid waste facilities permit issued by the Integrated Waste Management Board. 73 California Department of Resources Recycling and Recovery, 2011. Waste Stream Profiles: fictive Landfills Profile for Newby Island Sanitary Landfill. Website: www.calrecycle.ca.gov/DataCentral (accessed November 14). 74 Apple, Inc., 2011. Apple Recycling Program. Website: www.Mle.com/rec,/�g (accessed November 11). 75 Santa Clara, County of, 2011. Department of Environmental Health, Hazardous Materials Compliance Division. Santa Clara County Household Hazardous Waste Program. Website: www.sccgov.org/sites/deh (accessed November 11). P:\COC1101 Apple 2 Campus\PRODUCTS\DEIR\Public\5m-PublicSe iceUtil.doc(06/03/13) PUBLIC REVIEWDRAFT 574 LSA ASSOCIATES, INC. APPLE CAMPUS 2 PROJECT EIR JUNE 2015 V. SETTING, IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES M. PUBLIC SERVICES AND UTILITIES in ensuring that household hazardous wastes are not mixed with non -hazardous solid wastes and sub- sequently deposited at a landfill. Cupertino's SRRE was approved in May 1995 and its HHWE was approved in June 1996 by the California Department of Resources Recycling and Recovery (CalRecycle), formally known as the California Integrated Waste Management Board. The SRRE Biennial Review was accepted on August 1996. In 2006, CalRecycle certified that the City had diverted 60 percent of its solid waste and had met the requirements of the California Integrated Waste Management Act.76 City of Cupertino Construction and Demolition Debris Diversion Ordinance. The City of Cupertino Construction and Demolition Debris Diversion Ordinance" establishes a program for the recycling and salvage of construction and demolition debris. The ordinance requires at least 60 percent of the debris from construction, demolition, and renovation projects to be diverted from landfills through salvage and recycling practices. Project applicants that choose to haul their own construction and demolition debris, and not employ the services provided by the City's franchised hauler, Recology,78 are required to prepare a Waste Management Plan as a part of the building or demolition permit application process. This plan must accurately estimate the tonnage of demolition and construction debris generated by the project. In addition, at the completion of project construc- tion, project applicants that do not employ Recology's service for disposal are required to submit a Construction Recycling Report showing the amount and type of materials recycled and disposed. Failure to comply with the reporting requirement may delay recovery of any bond or deposit held by the City. Approval of the Waste Management Plan by the City is a condition precedent to the issuance of any building or demolition permit for a project in which the applicant hauls his or her own con- struction and demolition debris. h. Energy and Telecommunications. The following discussion provides background infor- mation on energy and telecommunications. (1) Energy. The Pacific Gas & Electric Company (PG&E) provides electricity and natural gas service to Cupertino. PG&E charges connection and user fees for all new development, in addition to sliding rates for electrical and natural gas service based on use. Gas supplies in northern California come primarily from gas fields in the Sacramento Valley .79 However, PG&E produces much of its energy from renewable sources and has plans in place to increase reliance on renewable energy sources. Of the energy provided to PG&E customers in 2010, approximately 16 percent came from renewable resources. In 2010, 24 percent of energy provided to PG&E customers came from nuclear generation; 23 percent was from unspecified sources; 20 percent was from natural gas; 16 percent was from large hydroelectric facilities; and 16 percent was from renewable resources (e.g., wind, geothermal, biomass, small hydroelectric sources, and solar); and 76 California Department of Resources Recycling and Recovery, 2011. Waste Stream Profiles: Jurisdiction Profile for City of Cupertino. Website: www.calrecycle.ca.gov/DataCentral (accessed November 7). 77 Cupertino, City of, 2010. Municipal Code 16.72. 78 Recology submits documentation (e.g., a Waste Management Report) for project applicants who use Recology's services and debris boxes. Recology recycles all construction and demolition debris to the maximum extent possible. 79 California Gas and Electric Utilities, 2011. 2010 California Gas Report. Website: www.pRe.com/pipeline/library regulator /cgr index.shtml (accessed November 8). P:\COC1101 Apple 2 Campus\PRODUCTS\DEIR\Public\5m-PublicSe iceUtil.doc(06/03/13) PUBLIC REVIEWDRAFT 575 LSA ASSOCIATES, INC. APPLE CAMPUS 2 PROJECT EIR JUNE 2015 V. SETTING, IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES M. PUBLIC SERVICES AND UTILITIES less than 2 percent came from coal and other fossil fuels.80 In addition, PG&E has plans to increase the use of renewable power. For instance, PG&E purchases power from customers that install small- scale renewable generators (e.g., wind turbines or photovoltaic cells) up to 1.5 megawatts in size.81 Because many agencies in California have adopted policies seeking increased use of renewable resources (and have established minimum standards for the provision of energy generated by renew- able resources), it is expected that PG&E will continue to meet future demand for energy via an increasing reliance on renewable resources, including small-scale sources such as photovoltaic panels and wind turbines, in addition to larger -scale facilities, such as wind farms. The PG&E electric system is designed to deliver safe and reliable energy to customers throughout Northern and Central California. PG&E produces or buys its energy from a mix of conventional and renewable generating sources, which travel through PG&E's electric transmission and distribution systems.82 The PG&E gas transmission pipeline system serves approximately 4.2 million gas customers in northern and central California. The system is operated under an inspection and monitoring program. The system operates in real time on a 24-hour basis, and includes leak inspections, surveys, and patrols of the pipelines. A new program, the Pipeline 2020 program, aims to modernize critical pipeline infrastructure, expand the use of automatic or remotely -operated shut-off valves, catalyze development of next -generation inspection technologies, develop industry-leading best practices, and enhance public safety partnerships with local communities, public officials, and first responders. Regulatory requirements for efficient use of electricity and gas are contained in Title 24, Part 6, of the California Code of Regulations, entitled "Energy Efficiency Standards for Residential and Nonresi- dential Buildings." These regulations specify the State's minimum energy efficiency standards and apply to new construction of both residential and nonresidential buildings. The standards regulate energy consumed for heating, cooling, ventilation, water heating, and lighting. Compliance with these standards is verified and enforced through the local building permit process. (2) Telecommunications. AT&T, Verizon, Comcast, Qwest, and Level 3 provide telecom- munication services within Cupertino. These service providers provide or host a variety of other telecommunication services, such as Digital Subscriber Line (DSL), Internet Service Provider (ISP), web hosting, virtual private networking, U -verse, Multi -protocol Label Switching (MPLS), content delivery network (CDN), and wireless/cellular paging services. The California Public Utilities Commission requires that telecommunications providers anticipate and serve new growth. To meet this requirement, these providers continually upgrade their facilities and infrastructure, adding new facilities and technology to remain in conformance with California Public Utilities Commission tariffs and regulations and to serve customer demand in the City. Telecom - 80 Pacific Gas & Electric Company, 2012. Clean Energy Solutions. Website: www.pge.com/mybusiness/ environment/pge/cleanenergy/index. shtml (accessed February 17). 81 Ibid 82 Pacific Gas and Electric Company, 2011. Electric System. Website: www.pge.com/mybusiness/edusafely systemworks/electric/ (accessed November 8). P:\COC1101 Apple 2 Campus\PRODUCTS\DEIR\Public\5m-PublicSe iceUtil.doc(06/03/13) PUBLIC REVIEWDRAFT 576 LSA ASSOCIATES, INC. APPLE CAMPUS 2 PROJECT EIR JUNE 2015 V. SETTING, IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES M. PUBLIC SERVICES AND UTILITIES munication providers also work with the City to ensure that construction of new facilities does not interfere with any new or newly -paved streets. i. City of Cupertino General Plan. The Cupertino General Plan includes the following policies and programs related to public services and utilities. Land Use and Community Design Element Policy 2-56: Planning for Schools Recognize the financial impact of increased development on the school districts' ability to provide staff and facilities. Work with the districts to assure that the continued excellence of school services can be provided prior to granting approval for new development. Policy 2-57: Pedestrian Access Create pedestrian access between new subdivisions and school sites. Review existing neighborhood circulation plans to improve safety and access for pedestrians and bicyclists to school sites. Policy 2-71: Private Open Space and Recreational Facilities Encourage the continued existence and profitability of private open space and recreation facilities through incentives and development controls. Policy 2-72: Public Use of Private Open Space Seek cooperation from private landowners for public use of private open space. Policy 2-73: Open Space and Trail Linkages Dedicate or acquire open space lands and trail linkages to connect areas and provide for a more walkable community. Strategies: 1. Cupertino Pedestrian Transportation Plan. Implement the recommendations of the Cupertino Pedestrian Transportation Plan to develop a City trail/ pedestrian linkage between major employment centers, the Heart of the City and major open space areas. 2. Trail Projects. Implement the trail projects described in this element. Evaluate any safety, security and privacy impacts and mitigations associated with trail development. Work with affected neighborhoods in locating trails. 3. Dedicated Trails or Easements. Require dedication or easements for trails, as well as their implementation, as part of the development process, where appropriate. 4. Joint Use Agreement. Establish a Joint Use Agreement with the Santa Clara Valley Water District that sets standards and implementation measures for creek trails. Environmental Resources/Sustainability Element Policy 5-2: Conservation and Efficient Use of Energy Resources Encourage the maximum feasible conservation and efficient use of electrical power and natural gas resources for new and existing residences, businesses, industrial and public uses. P:\COC1101 Apple 2 Campus\PRODUCTS\DEIR\Public\5m-PublicSe iceUtil.doc(06/03/13) PUBLIC RE1IEWDRAFT 577 LSA ASSOCIATES, INC. APPLE CAMPUS 2 PROJECT EIR JUNE 2015 V. SETTING, IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES M. PUBLIC SERVICES AND UTILITIES Strategies: 1. Alternate Energy Sources. Encourage the use of solar energy and other alternate, renewable energy resources for all new and significantly renovated private and public buildings. Ensure that all homes have an acceptable balance of access to the sun and protection from it. Promote new technologies, such as waterless water heaters to effect this change. 2. Comprehensive Energy Management Plan. Prepare and implement a comprehensive energy management plan for all applicable public facilities, equipment and procurement and construction practices. 3. Consistency with State and Federal Regulation. Review and evaluate applicable City codes, ordinances, and procedures for inclusion of local, state and federal policies and standards that promote the conservation and efficient use of energy and for consistency with the goal of sustain- ability. Change those that will promote energy efficiency without a punitive effect. 4. Energy Cogeneration Systems. Encourage the use of energy cogeneration systems through the provision of an awareness program targeting the larger commercial and industrial users and public facilities. 5. Regulation of Building Design. Ensure designers, developers, applicants and builders meet California Title 24 Energy Efficient Building Standards and encourage architects, building designers and contractors to exceed "Title 24" requirements for new projects through the provision of incen- tives. Encourage either passive solar heating and/or dark plaster interior with a cover for swimming pools, cabanas and other related accessory uses where solar access is available. Encourage the use of alternative renewable sources where feasible, and develop energy audits or subvention programs. 6. Use of Discretionary Development Permits (Use Permits). Require, as conditions of approval for new and renovated projects, the provision of energy conservation/efficiency applications. 7. Energy Efficient Transportation Modes. Encourage alternative, energy efficient transportation modes such as "clean" multi -modal public transit, car and vanpooling, flexible work hours, and pedestrian and bicycle paths. Policy 5-31: Water Use Efficiency Promote efficient use of water throughout the City. Strategies: 1. Landscaping Plans. Require water -efficient landscaping plans that incorporate the usage of recycled water for landscape irrigation as part of the development review process. 2. Water Conservation Programs. Work with the Santa Clara Valley Water District to undertake programs that promote water use efficiency for residential and commercial customers. Maintain programs for long-term water conservation at City Buildings, including installation of low flow toilets and showers, installation of automatic shut off valves in lavatories and sinks and water efficient outdoor irrigation. Policy 5-38: Commercial/Industrial Recycling Expand existing commercial and industrial recycling programs to meet and surpass AB939 waste stream reduction goals. P:\COC1101 Apple 2 Campus\PRODUCTS\DEIR\Public\5m-PublicSe iceUtil.doc(06/03/13) PUBLIC REVIEWDRAFT 578 LSA ASSOCIATES, INC. APPLE CAMPUS 2 PROJECT EIR JUNE 2015 V. SETTING, IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES M. PUBLIC SERVICES AND UTILITIES Policy 5-40: On-site Garbage Area Dedication Modify existing, and require for new developments, on-site waste facility requirements for all multi -family residential, commercial and industrial land uses to have 50% of their garbage area dedicated to recycling and no more than 50% garbage. Policy 5-44: Reuse of Building Materials Encourage the recycling and reuse of building materials, including recycling materials generated by the demolition and remodeling of buildings. Policy 5-47: Vallco Parkway Recognize that new high discharge users in the Vallco area and the Stevens Creek Boulevard and Blaney Avenue area will require private developers to pay for the upgrading of tributary lines. Health and Safety Element Policy 6-7: Early Project Review Involve the Fire Department in the early design stage of all projects requiring public review to assure Fire Department input and modifications as needed. Policy 6-25: Crime Prevention in Building Design Consider the relationship between building design and crime prevention in reviewing all developments. Policy 6-27: Pre -hearing Review Continue to request County Sheriff review and comment on development applications for security measures. 2. Impacts and Mitigation Measures This section discusses public service and utility impacts that could result from the proposed project. The section begins with the significance criteria, which establish the thresholds used to determine whether an impact is significant. The latter part of this section presents the impacts associated with the proposed project and identifies mitigation measures, if appropriate. Less -than -significant impacts are discussed first, followed by significant impacts. a. Criteria of Significance. The proposed project would have a significant impact on the environment related to public services and utilities if it would: • Result in substantial adverse physical impacts associated with the provision of or need for new or physically altered governmental facilities, the construction of which could cause significant environmental impacts, in order to maintain acceptable service ratios, response times, or other performance objectives for any of the following public services: • Fire protection; • Police protection; • Schools; or • Other public facilities. • Increase the use of existing neighborhood and regional parks or other recreational facilities such that substantial physical deterioration of the facility would occur or be accelerated; P:\COC1101 Apple 2 Campus\PRODUCTS\DEIR\Public\5m-PublicSe iceUtil.doc(06/03/13) PUBLIC REVIEWDRAFT 579 LSA ASSOCIATES, INC. APPLE CAMPUS 2 PROJECT EIR JUNE 2015 V. SETTING, IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES M. PUBLIC SERVICES AND UTILITIES • Include recreational facilities or require the construction or expansion of recreational facilities that might have an adverse physical effect on the environment; • Cause there to be insufficient water supplies to serve the project from existing entitlements and resources, requiring new and expanded entitlements; • Require or result in construction of new water facilities, or expansion of existing facilities, construction of which could cause significant environmental effects; • Exceed wastewater treatment requirements of the San Francisco Bay Regional Water Quality Board; • Require or result in construction of new wastewater facilities, or expansion of existing facilities, construction of which could cause significant environmental effects; • Result in a determination by the wastewater treatment provider which serves or may serve the project that it has adequate capacity to serve the project's projected demand in addition to the providers existing commitments; • Violate applicable federal, State, and local statutes and regulations related to solid waste; or • Be served by a landfill with insufficient permitted capacity to accommodate the project's solid waste disposal needs. b. Less -Than -Significant Impacts. Implementation of the proposed project would result in the following less -than -significant impacts to public services and utilities. (1) Police Protection. The proposed project would increase the number of employees on the project site by 9,356, which could increase the demand for police services on the site and in surround- ing areas (although the increased demand associated with employment growth on the site could be partially alleviated through the extensive on -campus security system). Apple would improve existing security and maintain a high level of security on the proposed campus through operation of a private security division and use of security measures. Security measures include the placement of security checkpoints at the Pruneridge Avenue and North Tantau Avenue access points and the installation of metal, picket -style fencing around the entire site. The security measures proposed as part of the proposed project could help to reduce additional calls for police services. According to the West Valley Patrol Division of the Sheriff's Office, upon preliminary review of the proposed project, the following resources could be required to ensure the current level of law enforcement services is maintained in the City: • One additional general patrol Deputy Sheriff to staff the C5 beat area and surrounding area impacted by the increase in vehicle traffic into the area; and • Two programmable, electronic traffic notification mobile message boards.83 These resources would be funded by the City. However, the Sheriff's Office bills Cupertino on a monthly basis for police services. No additional police facilities would need to be constructed to serve 83 Smith, Laurie, 2011, op. cit. and Binder, Kenneth, 2012. Chief of Police for City of Cupertino, Sheriff's Office West Valley Division. Personal communication with LSA Associates, Inc. August 16. P:\COC1101 Apple 2 Campus\PRODUCTS\DEIR\Public\5m-PublicSe iceUtil.doc(06/03/13) PUBLIC REVIEWDRAFT 580 LSA ASSOCIATES, INC. APPLE CAMPUS 2 PROJECT EIR JUNE 2015 V. SETTING, IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES M. PUBLIC SERVICES AND UTILITIES the project. Therefore, the proposed project would not result in significant physical impacts related to the need for new or altered police facilities. (2) Schools. As discussed in Section VC, Population, Employment, and Housing, while the addition of 9,3561obs84 on the project site would not directly increase the population of Cupertino, it could indirectly induce population growth if Apple employees move to the area. However, the total population growth associated with the project (9,356) would be a relatively small percentage (approximately 7.9 percent) of the population growth expected in Santa Clara County between 2015 and 2020 (117,800).85 In addition, it is likely that much of the growth induced by the project would occur outside the County. The growth associated with the project would be an even smaller percent- age of region -wide growth, and would be considered less than significant. Future Apple employees would most likely live in existing homes or yet to -be -built homes that may have been or will be subject to school impact fees (and property taxes, which provide for a small portion of school services). Independent analyses were conducted to evaluate the impacts of the project on the three school districts that would serve employees living in the vicinity of the project site: Cupertino Union School District; Fremont Union High School District; and Santa Clara Unified School District. The analyses for the Cupertino Union School District and Fremont Union High School District were prepared by Schoolhouse Services at the request of the two distnCts.86 For the Cupertino Union School District, Schoolhouse Services estimated project -related student generation using the following steps (please refer to the Schoolhouse Services report for additional detail): 1. Identify the current number of students in the District with Apple employees as parents or guardians. 2. Using the ratio of existing Apple employees in the area to the net new Apple employees generated by the project, prorate the current number of students in the District in Apple households to identify the net new number of households in the District that could be generated by the project. Based on this information, it is projected that approximately 1,660 Apple employees could move to the District. 3. Adjust the resulting number to account for the likelihood that some new Apple employees could share the same household. Assuming approximately 12 percent of Apple employees could share households, new Apple employees moving to the District could establish approximately 1,461 households. 84 The net increase of new employees assumed for the purpose of this EIR (9,356) may over-estimate the number of net new employees in the project area because it is not certain how many new employees would be existing Apple employees currently working outside the project site or new employees that do not currently work for Apple in the vicinity of the project site. The proposed project is intended to consolidate current and new Apple employees. Therefore, it is likely that the net increase of employees that would result from the project would be less than 9,356. However, the full potential net increase is used in this EIR to allow for a conservative environmental analysis that does not under -estimate potential impacts of the project. 85 Association of Bay Area Governments, 2009, op. cit. 86 Schoolhouse Services, 2012. Apple Campus 2 School Impacts on the Cupertino Union School District. May; Schoolhouse Services, 2012. Apple Campus 2 School Impacts on the Fremont Union High School District. May. P:\COC1101 Apple 2 Campus\PRODUCTS\DEIR\Public\5m-PublicSe iceUtil.doc(06/03/13) PUBLIC RESEWDRAFT 581 LSA ASSOCIATES, INC. APPLE CAMPUS 2 PROJECT EIR JUNE 2015 V. SETTING, IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES M. PUBLIC SERVICES AND UTILITIES 4. Apply a student generation rate (0.122) to each of the net new households in the District to determine the number of students likely to be generated by the project. This student generation rate was developed to reflect the assumption that most new Apple employees who move to the District could buy or rent existing residential units, and that any new housing development would be subject to its own analysis for school impacts and the payment of school impact fees. Using this methodology, Schoolhouse Services estimated that the increase of employees that could result from the project could generate approximately 178 elementary and middle school students in the Cupertino Union School District over approximately 15 years.87 For the Fremont Union High School District, Schoolhouse Services estimated project -related student generation using the following steps (please refer to the Schoolhouse Services report for additional detail): 1. Identify the average number of students per grade that could be generated by the project in the Cupertino Union School District (19.80 students). 2. Multiply the average number of students per grade in the Cupertino Union School District by four (the number of high school grades) to identify the number of students the project could generate from Cupertino in the Fremont Union High School District (79 students). 3. Prorate the number of students the project could generate from Cupertino in the Fremont Union High School District to identify the number of students the project would generate from Sunnyvale (based on the ratio of Cupertino -based students in the District to Sunnyvale - based students in the District) (26 students). Using this methodology, Schoolhouse Services estimated that the increase of employees that could result from the project could generate approximately 105 high school students in the Fremont Union High School District over approximately 15 years." In coordination with the Santa Clara Unified School District, LSA and the City estimated project - related student generation in the Santa Clara Unified School District using the following steps, supplemented with empirical student generation information provided by SCI Consulting Group89: Estimate the number of Apple employees that could move to the District based on the demographic information in Section VC, Population, Employment, and Housing. Based on this information, approximately 750 Apple employees could move to the District (including approximately 561 employees in Santa Clara, 157 employees in the Sunnyvale portion of the District and 31 employees in the small San Jose portion of the District; numbers were rounded to the nearest 1). 87 The report describes a scenario whose purpose is not to make a precise forecast but to illustrate the relationship between Apple employment and the school districts, and should be regarded as an order -of -magnitude estimate. Student generation rates for new housing and change in occupancy in existing housing were assumed. 88 The report describes a scenario whose purpose is not to make a precise forecast but to illustrate the relationship between Apple employment and the school districts, and should be regarded as an order -of -magnitude estimate. Student generation rates for new housing and change in occupancy in existing housing were assumed. 89 SCI Consulting Group, 2013. Personal communication with LSA Associates, Inc. April 16. P:\COC1101 Apple 2 Campus\PRODUCTS\DEIR\Public\5m-PublicSe iceUtil.doc(06/03/13) PUBLIC REVIEWDRAFT 582 LSA ASSOCIATES, INC. APPLE CAMPUS 2 PROJECT EIR JUNE 2015 V. SETTING, IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES M. PUBLIC SERVICES AND UTILITIES 2. Adjust the number of Apple employees that could move to the District to account for the likelihood that some new Apple employees could share the same household. Assuming approximately 12 percent of Apple employees could share households, new Apple employees moving to the District could establish approximately 660 households. 3. Assume that 15 percent of the households (99) could relocate to new residential units and 85 percent of the households (561) could buy or rent existing residential units. 4. Apply a blended student generate rate of 0.25 to the households that could relocate to new residential units and a net student generation rate of 0.12 to the households that could buy or rent existing residential units. Using this methodology, LSA and the City estimated that the increase of employees that could result from the project could generate approximately 92 elementary, middle, and high school students in the Santa Clara Unified School District over approximately 15 years. As previously described, Cupertino Union School District and Fremont Union High School District schools, and high schools in the Santa Clara Unified School District are already operating over capacity. However, the school impact analyses indicate that the increase in enrollment would occur over approximately 15 years, giving the districts time to adapt. Due to a scarcity of new school sites and funding, all three school districts do not consider it feasible to build new elementary, middle, and high schools. Therefore, increased enrollment would be accommodated by the construction of new classroom wings or portable classrooms at the existing school sites, and improvements in support facilities that would allow school campuses to function with significantly larger enrollments. The Santa Clara Unified School District also noted that the District could open closed school sites if necessary.90 As previously described, a $220 million school repair bond measure for the Cupertino Union School District was approved by voters in June 2012 and would be used to repair and upgrade school facilities, upgrade science and educational technology, and provide additional classrooms. The Fremont Union High School District has a master plan for the implementation of new classrooms and science labs, new and remodeled student service facilities, and infrastructure upgrades throughout the district. The Santa Clara Unified School District voters approved three capital improvement bond measures (totaling approximately $541 million) in 1997, 2004, and 2010, to upgrade existing school facilities. New development projects in Cupertino are subject to statutory fees established by the State. These fees are used for the construction of new school facilities, which would be built to accommodate increased student enrollment resulting from new development. The school districts are responsible for implementing the specific methods of mitigating school impacts under the Government Code. The school impact fees and the school districts' methods of implementing measures specified by Govern- ment Code 65996 would offset increased student enrollment. Specifically, the proposed project would be subject to Level 1 development impact fees, where the maximum fees for commercial/industrial development are $0.31 and $0.20 per square foot for the Cupertino Union School District and the Fremont Union High School District, respectively.91 The Cupertino Union School District and the 90 Plough, Bobbie, 2011, op. cit. 91 According to Schoolhouse Services, the fee expected to be levied on the project by the CUSD would be approxi- mately $102,000 (330,200 square feet of total occupied space within the CUSD boundaries x $0.31 per square foot) for CUSD and $66,000 for the FUHSD (330,200 square feet of total occupied space within the FUHSD boundaries x $0.20). P:\COC1101 Apple 2 Campus\PRODUCTS\DEIR\Public\5m-PublicSe iceUtil.doc(06/03/13) PUBLIC REVIEWDRAFT 583 LSA ASSOCIATES, INC. APPLE CAMPUS 2 PROJECT EIR JUNE 2015 V. SETTING, IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES M. PUBLIC SERVICES AND UTILITIES Fremont Union High School District have an agreement as to how fee revenues must be shared, under which the Cupertino Union School District would be allowed to collect up to 60 percent of the maximum fee amount, and the Fremont Union High School District would be allowed to collect 40 percent of the maximum amount.92 The proposed project would also be subject to Santa Clara Unified School District's development impact fee of $0.47 per square foot for commercial development.9s Payment of school facility mitigation fees has been deemed by the State legislature (per Government Code Section 65995(h)) to constitute full and complete mitigation of impacts of a development project on the provision of adequate school facilities, even though, as a practical matter, additional funding, usually from Statewide or local bond measures, is needed to expand school capacity. Once funded, the school districts are responsible for identifying the location of new school facilities and undertaking acquisition, design, and construction of the facilities. Given the limited growth opportunities and the built -out nature of Cupertino, if new school facilities were to be required as a result of the project, they would likely be developed on existing school sites or within other urbanized locations, and would not be expected to result in significant immitigable secondary environmental impacts. In addition, specific school facility projects that may be required in the future would be subject to environmental review on a project -by -project basis. Therefore, through the payment of associated development fees and compliance with applicable State and local regula- tions, implementation of the proposed project would have a less -than -significant impact on school facilities. Impacts on school transportation services due to the proposed closure of a segment of Pruneridge Avenue within the project site are discussed generally in Section V.I, Transportation and Circulation. (3) Parks, Open Space, and Recreation Facilities. New Cupertino residents indirectly generated by the proposed project could increase the demand for existing neighborhood and regional open space, and recreational facilities (increased demand could also occur in other nearby cities where Apple employees would live) to the extent that new housing to serve Apple employees is constructed. All new residential development would be subject to development fees, which are designed to offset impacts related to the increase in demand for park space and to assist the City in meeting its park standard .94 As previously described, the City of Cupertino uses a standard of 3 acres per 1,000 residents as a threshold to measure how well its citizens are provided with access to open space and recreational facilities. With a 2011 population of 58,302, it is estimated that the City currently does not meet this standard, and provides 2.8 acres of open space per 1,000 residents. The proposed project would increase the amount of open space within the project site and provide a fitness center for Apple employees. Approximately 102 acres of landscaped area within the site (compared to 43 acres of open space under existing conditions) would be provided for employees. In 92 Schoolhouse Services, 2012a, op. cit. 93 Plough, Bobbie, 2011, op. cit. Based on the $0.47 development impact fee for commercial development, the fee expected to be levied on the project by the SCUSD would be approximately $1,325,400 (2,820,000 square feet of total occupied space within the SCUSD boundaries x $0.47 per square foot). The square footage of total occupied space within SCUSD boundaries was identified by Schoolhouse Services. 94 Cupertino, City of, 2005. City of Cupertino General Plan 2000-2020. Land Ilse/Community Design, Open Space, Parks and Trails. November. Page 2-54. P:\COC1101 Apple 2 Campus\PRODUCTS\DEIR\Public\5m-PublicSe iceUtil.doc(06/03/13) PUBLIC RESEWDRAFT 584 LSA ASSOCIATES, INC. APPLE CAMPUS 2 PROJECT EIR JUNE 2015 V. SETTING, IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES M. PUBLIC SERVICES AND UTILITIES addition, the proposed approximately 100,000 -square -foot Corporate Fitness Center could help to partially meet the recreation demand of new Apple employees. Therefore, development of the project is not expected to increase the use of existing neighborhood or regional parks such that there would be substantial physical deterioration of existing facilities. Accordingly, the project would not create significant environmental impacts on neighborhood or regional parks. The Corporate Fitness Center, along with other project recreational facilities, would be constructed on already -developed land currently occupied by a mix of surface parking lots and corporate campus buildings. Therefore, the development of project -related recreational facilities would not result in significant secondary environmental impacts, beyond those already identified in this EIR. Please refer to Chapter IV, Planning Policy, for a discussion of how proposed changes to land use designations and zoning on the project site could affect the City's future provision of parks and open space. (4) Water. Currently, the existing total estimated potable water usage on the project site is 398.4 afy. The proposed project would result in approximately 3,420,000 square feet of new office and research and development uses on the project site and approximately 102 acres of landscaped surfaces that would require irrigation. The proposed project would include water efficiency features, including as part of indoor fixtures, irrigation lines, and cooling systems. Landscaping would incorporate both young and mature trees, and native and drought tolerant plants that would minimize water consumption. In addition, the proposed project would reduce potable water demand with the use of alternative water supplies (including roof rainwater harvesting at the Main Building). Project water demand would derive primarily from landscape irrigation, process water for mechanical cooling systems, indoor water fixtures, and cooking and cleaning. In addition, to further minimize the project's demand for potable water, Apple is exploring the possibility of voluntarily participating in an effort to extend a recycled water line to the project site. The recycled water would be used primarily for irrigation purposes; however Apple is designing into the project the ability to use the recycled water for cooling towers and limited indoor uses, such as flushing of toilets and equipment processes. As described in Chapter III, Project Description, the likelihood of extending a recycled water line to the site is uncertain due to funding and other technical and practical issues. Project specifics are also tentative, including the location and capacity of the line. For these reasons, the water supply analysis does not include the recycled water line as part of the project. In the WSA, the following two scenarios were identified and evaluated for the proposed project's water demand analysis: Typical Commercial Development Apple Campus 2 Design The Typical Commercial Development scenario uses water demand rates and assumptions representa- tive of a new project built in Silicon Valley. The Apple Campus 2 Design scenario takes into account the design and operational features proposed as part of the project. P:\COC1101 Apple 2 Campus\PRODUCTS\DEIR\Public\5m-PublicSe iceUtil.doc(06/03/13) PUBLIC REVIEWDRAFT 585 LSA ASSOCIATES, INC. APPLE CAMPUS 2 PROJECT EIR JUNE 2015 V. SETTING, IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES M. PUBLIC SERVICES AND UTILITIES Table V.M-7: WSA Potable & Non -Potable Water Demand Forecast for Proposed Project (afy) 2012 2015 2020 2025 2030 Typical Commercial Development 0 691 722 722 722 Apple Campus 2 Desi n 0 493 520 520 520 Difference 0 198 202 202 202 afy = acre feet per year Source: Yarne & Associates, Inc., SB 610 Water Supply Assessment, 2012. As shown in Table V.M-7, estimated water demand in 2030 would be 722 afy under the Typical Commercial Development scenario and 520 afy under the Apple Campus 2 Design scenario. The use of alternative water supplies would have the potential to reduce the demand for potable and non - potable water supplies by approximately 28 percent. If recycled water were to be used to meet portions of the landscape irrigation, toilet flushing, and cooling tower process requirements, the esti- mated potable water usage for the proposed project would be less than the current existing water usage on the project site. The estimated potable water demand under the Typical Commercial Development scenario would be 267 afy (131.4 afy less than existing potable water use) and the estimated potable water demand under the Apple Campus 2 Design scenario would be 242 afy (156.4 afy less than existing potable water use). The net increase in potable water use would be 323.6 afy under the Typical Commercial Development scenario and 121.6 afy under the Apple Campus 2 Design scenario.9s To provide an analysis that does not under -estimate project -related water demand, the WSA is based on the assumption that the Typical Commercial Development scenario would be the proposed project, and that all water use would be potable. Table V.M-8 shows the combined forecast for the Los Altos District and the proposed project. The change in District demand with the addition of the proposed project's water demand can be accommodated by Cal Water and is not considered a significant impact on water service. Table V.M-8: Water Demand Projections for Cal Water and Typical Commercial Development Scenario a of = acre feet Source: Yarne & Associates, 2012. Additionally, a long-term reduction in potable water demand between 2005 and 2040 is anticipated due to the implementation of Cal Water's conservation plan. The addition of water demand associated with the proposed project (assuming no use of recycled water for non -potable water uses) would not " Ibid. P:\COC1101 Apple 2 Campus\PRODUCTS\DEIR\Public\5m-PublicSe iceUtil.doc(06/03/13) PUBLIC RESEWDRAFT 586 2005 2010 (Actual) (Actual) 2015 2020 2025 2030 2035 2040 Cal Water (Los Altos District) 14,758 11,648 14,091 12,755 12,980 13,209 13,440 13,676 Proposed Project 0 0 293 324 324 324 324 324 Total Demand 14,758 11,648 1 14,384 1 13,079 1 13,304 1 13,533 13,764 1 14,000 of = acre feet Source: Yarne & Associates, 2012. Additionally, a long-term reduction in potable water demand between 2005 and 2040 is anticipated due to the implementation of Cal Water's conservation plan. The addition of water demand associated with the proposed project (assuming no use of recycled water for non -potable water uses) would not " Ibid. P:\COC1101 Apple 2 Campus\PRODUCTS\DEIR\Public\5m-PublicSe iceUtil.doc(06/03/13) PUBLIC RESEWDRAFT 586 LSA ASSOCIATES, INC. APPLE CAMPUS 2 PROJECT EIR JUNE 2015 V. SETTING, IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES M. PUBLIC SERVICES AND UTILITIES preclude additional reductions in overall water demand over the next 20 years. Thus the increased demand for potable water associated with the proposed project would be offset by the anticipated reduction in demand for the entire Los Altos District. Cal Water would not have to increase its water supply to provide potable water service to the project site if it achieves its water conservation objectives (which is expected), and would experience an even lower demand if the use of recycled water is implemented as part of the proposed project. The WSA concludes that the District would have adequate water supplies to meet projected demand associated with the proposed project (Phases 1 and 2) through the year 2035, taking into account all existing and anticipated future customers for normal, single dry year, and multiple dry year condi- tions .96 Therefore, impacts related to water supply would be less than significant. As described in Chapter III, Project Description, the existing water line along East Homestead Road (between North Wolfe Road and North Tantau Avenue) would be upsized as part of the project (recycled water lines may also be installed to serve the site). Because construction activities associ- ated with this water facility (and others that could provide recycled water) would be located within construction areas already subject to widespread ground disturbance on the project site, the removal, installation, and replacement of the existing water line would not cause significant environmental effects that have not already been identified in this EIR. Therefore, this impact would be considered less than significant. Apple is currently discussing the construction of a potential recycled water line to serve the project site. At this point, the likelihood of extending a recycled water line to the site is speculative due to funding and other technical and practical issues. Project specifics are also tentative, including the location and capacity of the line, although the City of Sunnyvale has indicated North Wolfe Road in the vicinity of the project site as a potential expansion area for recycled water infrastructure and circulated a draft Mitigated Negative Declaration for this infrastructure project from October 19, 2012 to November 7, 2012.97 As described in the draft Mitigated Negative Declaration, this route for recycled water infrastructure would extend the recycled water line from the existing City of Sunnyvale Water Pollution Control Plant along Wolfe Road, terminating at the project site at North Wolfe Road and East Homestead Road (see Figure III -23). This route would utilize upgrades to the system that Sunnyvale is currently and independently initiating and would require approximately 13,500 feet of pipeline to serve the project. It should be noted that while the Apple Campus 2 Project may benefit from the extension of a recycled water line, any such line would be an independent utility improvement and its implementa- tion would not depend on the project, and is not required for the project. It is anticipated that the recycled water line would be constructed in public rights-of-way to the maximum extent practical. Construction may require roadway lane closures, trenching in rights-of- way, utility relocations, installation of the recycled water pipe, and the necessary supporting infra- structure (e.g., pumps, valves, and controls). The estimated timeline for construction is approximately 5 months. Prior to approval, the specifics of the recycled water line would be evaluated based on a 96 Ibid. 97 Sunnyvale, City of, 2008. 2010 Urban Water Management Plan. December 16; CH2M Hill for the City of Sunnyvale, 2012. Draft Mitigated Negative Declaration/Initial Study for Wolfe Road Recycled Water Project. October 19. P:\COC1101 Apple 2 Campus\PRODUCTS\DEIR\Public\5m-PublicSe iceUtil.doc(06/03/13) PUBLIC RESEWDRAFT 587 LSA ASSOCIATES, INC. APPLE CAMPUS 2 PROJECT EIR JUNE 2015 V. SETTING, IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES M. PUBLIC SERVICES AND UTILITIES variety of factors, including, but not limited to, constructability, impact on the public, adequate water pressure, cost, water quality, and other considerations. The City of Sunnyvale has lead agency authority over approval of this potential recycled water line, although approvals may be required from other jurisdictions. Development of the North Wolfe Road extension described above, or other conceivable future recycled water line infrastructure in the area, is not expected to result in significant unavoidable environmental effects. The public rights -of way, where the recycled water pipeline would be installed, are on urbanized and developed land that does not generally support sensitive natural habitats, wetlands, wildlife movement corridors, and protected archaeological resources. In addition, because recycled water is not considered a new source of water supply and the proposed uses for the recycled water line would be limited and not intended for widespread distribution, the recycled water line would not require new and expanded water entitlements. If recycled water lines are installed in the vicinity of the project site as part of an area -wide project, it is anticipated that a specific project - level environmental review would be conducted prior to approval by the appropriate lead agency. At a program level of analysis, the installation of a recycled water pipeline would not be expected to result in significant unavoidable environmental impacts for which mitigation would be infeasible. In general, pipeline impacts would be reduced through the implementation of standard construction - period conditions of approval that would be required by the affected jurisdictions (e.g., conditions that restrict construction -period dust, noise, traffic, equipment emissions, and water use). The draft, project -level Mitigated Negative Declaration prepared by the City of Sunnyvale for the North Wolfe Road extension (but not yet adopted at the time of preparation of this EIR) finds that all impacts could be mitigated to a less -than -significant level. (5) Wastewater. As previously described, the District's current estimated wastewater flow to the SJ/SC WPCP is 5.13 mgd, and represents approximately 65 percent of the District's current flow allocation to the SJ/SC WPCP. The District's current flow allocation represents approximately 3.1 percent of the plant's total capacity. The proposed project would generate approximately 615,600 gallons of wastewater per day (not subtracting wastewater generated by existing uses), increasing the City's daily flow to approximately 5.7 mgd (72.4 percent of the District's allocation to SJ/SC WPCP, and representing 0.37 percent of SJ/SC WPCP's total capacity).98 No data is available for existing wastewater generation on the project site. However, taking into account standard wastewater genera- tion rates for existing and proposed uses, the project would be expected to result in a net increase in wastewater generation of 137,340 gallons of wastewater per day. Because the proposed project would not cause the City to exceed its allocated SJ/SC WPCP capacity, it would result in a less -than - significant impact on wastewater treatment and disposal, and would not exceed the wastewater treatment requirements of the San Francisco Bay Regional Water Quality Board. Due to the proposed closure of Pruneridge Avenue, the removal and possible relocation of the 27 -inch sewer trunk main along the road would be required. In addition, a new sanitary sewer line would be required to service The Hamptons apartments. As described in Chapter III, Project Description, the existing sanitary sewer lines along North Wolfe Road (between Pruneridge Avenue and East Home- stead Road) and along East Homestead Road (between North Wolfe Road and North Tantau Avenue) would be upgraded. However, because the construction activities associated with these wastewater 98 Assumes a wastewater rate of 0.18 gallons per day per every square foot of research and development uses, as provided by the Cupertino Sanitary District. P:\COC1101 Apple 2 Campus\PRODUCTS\DEIR\Public\5m-PublicSe iceUtil.doc(06/03/13) PUBLIC REVIEWDRAFT 588 LSA ASSOCIATES, INC. APPLE CAMPUS 2 PROJECT EIR JUNE 2015 V. SETTING, IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES M. PUBLIC SERVICES AND UTILITIES facilities would be located within construction areas already subject to widespread ground disturbance on the project site, the removal, installation, and replacement of the existing sewer mains, would not cause significant environmental effects that have not already been identified in this EIR. Therefore, this impact would be considered less than significant. (6) Solid Waste. The proposed project would be served by the Newby Island Landfill, which has the capacity to handle solid waste generated by the demolition and operational phases of the proposed project. Demolition wastes from existing structures, paved asphalt areas, and utilities would be collected and hauled to the landfill for diversion and recycling. As required by AB 939, a minimum of 50 percent of the City's solid waste must be diverted from landfills. Per the City's Construction and Demolition Debris Diversion Ordinance, the construction contractor would be required to salvage or recycle at least 60 percent of the debris from construction to meet City requirements. According to the project sponsor, demolition activities on the site would generate approximately of 390,900 cubic yards of debris waste, approximately 74 percent of which would be from existing buildings and the remaining 26 percent of which would be from parking areas. As part of the project, a minimum of 75 percent (293,175 cubic yards) of construction and demolition waste would be diverted from landfills. Waste would be diverted through recycling, re -use at the project site, or re -use at off-site locations. The waste diversion plan prepared by Apple would identify, source, and re-use/recycle materials by category. Concrete, steel, and wood would be sorted separately for re -use and recycling. Drywall, carpet and other finish materials would be evaluated for appropriate diversion streams. Delivery packaging and crating would be planned for intended reuse and diversion, and integrated into the project -wide waste diversion program. Apple indicates a target waste diversion rate of at least 80 percent (332,265 cubic yards) once individual waste streams are identified and sourced. The remaining debris (between 97,725 and 58,635 cubic yards) would be taken to Newby Island Landfill. Solid waste generated by the demolition and construction phases of the proposed project would therefore not substantially shorten the life of the landfill and would result in a less -than -significant impact on landfill capacity. The proposed project would also generate solid waste during the operational phase. CalRecycle's Solid Waste Characterization Database indicates that the average employee generates 1.2 tons of solid waste per year.99 The 9,356 new employees resulting from the proposed project would generate up to approximately 11,227 additional tons of solid waste per year (or approximately 30.8 tons of solid waste per day). This represents approximately 0.77 percent of the total daily permitted throughput for the Newby Island Sanitary Landfill. The landfill has a remaining capacity of 18,274,953 cubic yards. Since the project would represent 0.77 percent of the daily permitted throughput, the amount of solid waste generated by operation of the proposed project would not exceed the capacity of the landfill or substantially shorten the life of the landfill. 99 California Department of Resources Recycling and Recovery, 2011. Solid Waste Characterization Database: Waste Disposal Rates for Business Types. Website: www.calrecycle.ca.gov/wastechar/DispRate.htm (accessed November 7). P:\COC1101 Apple 2 Campus\PRODUCTS\DEIR\Public\5m-PublicSe iceUtil.doc(06/03/13) PUBLIC RESEWDRAFT 589 LSA ASSOCIATES, INC. APPLE CAMPUS 2 PROJECT EIR JUNE 2015 V. SETTING, IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES M. PUBLIC SERVICES AND UTILITIES The waste generated by project employees would also be reduced through continued implementation Apple's comprehensive recycling and waste management program. Apple would seek to divert a minimum of 80 percent of its waste from landfills by 2015.'00 The proposed project would therefore not violate applicable federal, State, and local statutes and regulations related to solid waste. In addition, recycling services would be provided to the project site, and these services would contribute to a reduction in solid waste generated by the proposed project. (7) Energy and Telecommunications. Development of the proposed project would occur in a location that currently has electricity, gas, telephone, cable, and internet services. It is anticipated that electricity, gas, and telecommunications lines would need to be installed or relocated along North Wolfe Road, East Homestead Road, North Tantau Avenue, and Pruneridge Avenue. The installation or relocation of electricity, gas, and telecommunications lines would occur within areas already subject to widespread ground disturbance on the project site as part of the project and would not cause significant environmental effects related to construction activities that have not already been identified in this EIR. Based on the current energy model (which includes Phase 1 and Phase 2 development), it is expected that the annual energy consumption of the project would vary depending on Apple's needs, but the expected future maximum power consumption when the project reaches peak demand would be nearly 142,000,000 kilowatt hours (kWh). This estimated power consumption represents maximum project demand and it is expected that normal operations would require less energy. Of this energy demand, approximately 15,000,000 kWh (approximately 11 percent) would derive from photovoltaics installed on the project site; approximately 71,000,000 kWh (approximately 50 percent) would derive from the fuel cells; and approximately 56,000,000 kWh (39 percent) would derive from "direct access" sources (i.e., renewable energy sources from third -party providers), followed by, if needed, market purchase of renewable energy credits from new sources that are Green e -certified. Electricity and natural gas supplies that would serve the proposed project are expected to be adequate. The proposed project includes sustainability features, which are designed to reduce the energy demand of the proposed buildings and uses. Sustainable strategies that would reduce energy demand include on-site photovoltaic systems and building designs that would allow for passive heating and cooling. Refer to Chapter III, Project Description, for a discussion of green building measures proposed as part of project design. In addition, per City requirements, the City would review project development plans prior to project approval to ensure that California Code of Regulations Title 24 energy conservation and efficiency standards are met and incorporated into project design. Therefore, the proposed project would have a less -than -significant impact on electricity, gas, telecommunica- tions, cable, and internet services. C. Significant Impacts. The proposed project would result in the following significant impacts to public services and utilities. (1) Fire Protection. As described above, the SCCFD's average response time goal is less than 7 minutes 90 percent of the time, and in 2010 the SCCFD's response time was less than 7 minutes 88.7 percent of the time. Under current conditions, the response time to the project site would 100 Apple, Inc., 2012. Waste Diversion Programs in Cupertino. April. P:\COC1101 Apple 2 Campus\PRODUCTS\DEIR\Public\5m-PublicSe iceUtil.doc(06/03/13) PUBLIC REVIEWDRAFT 590 LSA ASSOCIATES, INC. APPLE CAMPUS 2 PROJECT EIR JUNE 2015 V. SETTING, IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES M. PUBLIC SERVICES AND UTILITIES be approximately 6 minutes from Cupertino Station. The main route of travel would be via Stevens Creek Boulevard to either North Wolfe Road or North Tantau Avenue, depending on the location of the emergency on the site. An alternative route would be via Homestead Road from North De Anza Boulevard or North Blaney Avenue to the project site entrance.' 01 Development of the proposed project may reduce the ability of SCCFD to meet existing performance standards if access to the proposed buildings on the project site is limited due to physical security features such as barriers, gates, and secure doors. However, access control devices would be subject to approval by a Fire Code official, and all electrically -powered access control devices would be required to provide an approved means for deactivation or unlocking from a single location or other- wise approved by the SCCFD. 102 For a more detailed discussion on emergency access, please refer to Section V.I, Transportation and Circulation. According to the SCCFD, access to exterior perimeter and the interior courtyard areas of the proposed Main Building may also present access issues for a large fire apparatus.103 The SCCFD indicated that onsite fire and EMS response vehicles would be needed in the Main Building area to facilitate moving firefighters and equipment to and from the building's main entrance or loading dock if an emergency event occurred. The project applicant would be responsible for funding the specialized equipment since it would be specific to the project Site. 104 The provision of such specialized equip- ment would not result in significant environmental impacts. The proposed project would be required to meet all SCCFD, local and State Fire Code requirements for sprinkler systems, alarms, fire flow, access, and fire hydrant spacing. Site specific design plans are required by the Fire Code. The SCCFD would perform final inspection of required fire protection facilities and access ways for the proposed project prior to the issuance of building permits.10' Impact PSU-1: The proposed project could adversely affect the ability of the SCCFD to meet response time objectives. (S) The SCCFD indicated that an increase in service demand would require additional personnel and equipment to serve the project site. If increases in service demand are of sufficient magnitude, they could significantly affect the reliability of the SCCFD's current resources and performance standard. 106 As discussed above, the SCCFD meets its average response time goal of less than 7 minutes 88.7 percent of the time. Additional traffic on City streets generated by the project, as discussed in Section V.I, Transportation and Circulation, would contribute towards the SCCFD's inability to meet its response time objective. 107 101 Jarvis, Don, 2011. Deputy Chief, Santa Clara County Fire Department. Personal communications with LSA Associates, Inc. November 4. 102 Cupertino, City of, 2011. Municipal Code, Chapter 16.40.130 Fire Code, Access to buildings and roofs. 103 Jarvis, Don, 2011, November 4, op. cit. 104 Ibid. los Cupertino, City of, 2011. Municipal Code, Chapter 16.40 Fire Code. 106 Jarvis, Don, 2011. Deputy Chief, Santa Clara County Fire Department. Personal communications with LSA Associates, Inc. November 18. 107 Jarvis, Don, 2011, op. cit. P:\COC1101 Apple 2 Campus\PRODUCTS\DEIR\Public\5m-PublicSe iceUtil.doc(06/03/13) PUBLIC RESEWDRAFT 591 LSA ASSOCIATES, INC. APPLE CAMPUS 2 PROJECT EIR JUNE 2015 V. SETTING, IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES M. PUBLIC SERVICES AND UTILITIES Implementation of the following mitigation measure, which would require an emergency vehicle signal preemption system to be installed at key intersections throughout the City, would reduce this impact to a less -than -significant level, as it would allow the SCCFD to reach the site within the 7 - minute response time goal. Mitigation Measure PSU-1: The project sponsor shall implement signal preemption signals at the following intersections (identified by the City and SCCFD as the ones most likely to be used by emergency vehicles accessing the project site).108 The signal preemption signals would allow emergency vehicles to pass through approximately 30 seconds before arrival. • North Blaney Avenue and East Homestead Road • North Tantau Avenue and East Homestead Road • North Tantau Avenue and Pruneridge Avenue • North Tantau Avenue and Vallco Parkway • North Tantau Avenue and Project Entrance • North Wolfe Road and Pruneridge Avenue • North Wolfe Road and Project Entrance • North Wolfe Road and East Homestead Road • North Wolfe Road and I-280 (two interchanges) • North Wolfe Road and Vallco Parkway • Stevens Creek Boulevard and Perimeter Road • Stevens Creek Boulevard and Finch Avenue • Stevens Creek Boulevard and Tantau Avenue • Heron Avenue and East Homestead Road (LTS) (2) Parks, Open Space, and Recreation Facilities. As discussed in Chapter III, Project Description and Chapter IV, Planning Policy, an approximately 1.1 -acre portion of the project site located south of Pruneridge Avenue and east of The Hamptons is designated Parks and Open Space. The Parks and Open Space land use designation "is applied to land owned by the public and used for recreation. It is also applied to private open space and recreational lands." In addition, the corridor around Calabazas Creek within the project site is designated Riparian Corridor, which is "applied to creek corridors if they are not part of a larger park or residential property." The development of private open space on the project site would not result in site-specific environ- mental effects other than those identified in the topical sections of this EIR. However, the removal of the Parks and Open Space designation (and Community Park identified on General Plan Figure 2-K) on the 1.1 -acre portion of the project site and the loss of a planned Calabazas Creek segment would be considered a significant impact to park and recreation facilities. los Mosley, Chad, 2012. City of Cupertino Public Works Department. Personal communication with LSA Associates, Inc. June 27. P:\COC1101 Apple 2 Campus\PRODUCTS\DEIR\Public\5m-PublicSe iceUtil.doc(06/03/13) PUBLIC REVIEWDRAFT 592 LSA ASSOCIATES, INC. APPLE CAMPUS 2 PROJECT EIR JUNE 2015 V. SETTING, IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES M. PUBLIC SERVICES AND UTILITIES Impact PSU-2: The proposed project would contribute to a shortage of park facilities for City residents and would preclude the development of an open space trail through the project site. (S) As discussed in more detail in Chapter IV, Planning Policy, the proposed re -designation of the portion of the site designated Parks and Open Space would preclude the development of a new Community Park on this particular site, which is within an underserved area of the City (see General Plan Policy 2-83), and would reduce the acreage of land designated for future public parks in the City by 1.1 acres. Although the Parks and Open Space designation was made in 2005 in conjunction with the approval of a 130 -unit townhouse development east of The Hamptons — a project that was never implemented — the designation is now part of Cupertino's overall supply of future park space (i.e., a supply that could serve all residents of the City and local employees). The City-wide importance of the future park is evidenced in its identification on Figure 2-K (Cupertino Park Areas) of the Land Use/Community Design Element. Since none of the private open space or recreational facilities proposed as part of the project would be accessible to the public (although the project would include perimeter landscaping and public right- of-way improvements that would be used by the public), the City considers the removal of the 1.1 - acre Parks and Open Space designation from the project site and preclusion of the construction of a public park to be a significant impact. In addition, the proposed project would not fully implement the proposed trail segment along Calabazas Creek shown in General Plan Figure 2-I (although an alternate trail would be established along North Tantau Avenue, as described below). Strategies 2 and 3 of Policy 2-73 in the Land Use/Community Design Element are excerpted below: Strategy 2. Trail Projects. Implement the trail projects described in this element. Evaluate any safety, security and privacy impacts and mitigations associated with trail development. Work with affected neighborhoods in locating trails. Strategy 3. Dedicated Trails or Easements. Require dedication or easements for trails, as well as their implementation, as part of the development process, where appropriate. Because access to the interior of the site would be restricted (the site would be surrounded by a security fence), development of the project would preclude the future development of a trail along Calabazas Creek in this location. Therefore, the project would preclude the construction of a contiguous trail along the Calabazas Creek riparian corridor, which has the potential to serve as a recreational amenity in the City. However, Strategy 2 requires the City to also evaluate safety, privacy and security impacts and miti- gations associated with trail development, and to work with affected neighborhoods in locating trails. Calabazas Creek currently functions as a flood channel and is fenced by the SCVWD in part to address safety and security concerns. In addition, the riparian corridor within the project site currently terminates at a culvert under I-280. Thus, connecting a trail along the creek within the project site to the corridor south of I-280 would be difficult, require a potentially costly engineering solution (or seasonal creek crossing), and would require collaboration with the California Department of Trans- portation (Caltrans), which has jurisdiction over I-280. In addition, developing the creek trail within the site would compromise the project applicant's key security objective by permitting the public to traverse the site. P:\COC1101 Apple 2 Campus\PRODUCTS\DEIR\Public\5m-PublicSe iceUtil.doc(06/03/13) PUBLIC REVIEWDRAFT 593 LSA ASSOCIATES, INC. APPLE CAMPUS 2 PROJECT EIR JUNE 2015 V. SETTING, IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES M. PUBLIC SERVICES AND UTILITIES In lieu of developing a trail segment adjacent to Calabazas Creek within the project site, Apple has proposed street enhancements along North Tantau Avenue and Vallco Parkway and an "alternate Calabazas Creek Trail Route" from the creek intersection across and along North Tantau Avenue, continuing west along Vallco Parkway to where the roadway meets Calabazas Creek. These improve- ments, would supplement Class II bike paths and sidewalks along all streets surrounding the project site (and Vallco Parkway, to the south of the project site). While these improvements would assist in mitigating impacts to bicycle and pedestrian use associated with development of the project (see Section V.I, Transportation and Circulation for a discussion of potential pedestrian and bike facility impacts), the City considers the absence of a public trail through the site along Calabazas Creek to be a significant impact in the context of General Plan policies that promote the development of a trail segment along the creek (and the potential function of this trail as a recreation and commuting amenity). For further discussion of this impact (Impact PLAN -2), see Chapter IV, Planning Policy. Implementation of Mitigation Measure PSU-2 (which would require the project sponsor to re- designate an equivalent site to Parks and Open Space uses and/or fund the acquisition of an off-site park facility, and develop an alternate creek trail and other pedestrian improvements) would promote Strategies 2 and 3 of Policy 2-73 of the Land Use and Community Design Element of the General Plan. This mitigation measure would reduce the impact related to the loss of the Community Park to a less -than -significant level, but the impact related to the loss of the future Calabazas Creek trail segment would remain significant and unavoidable. Mitigation Measure PSU-2: Implement Mitigation Measures PLAN -1 and PLAN -3. (SU) d. Cumulative Impacts. The proposed project and past, present, and reasonably foreseeable future development projects would increase the demand for police, fire, school, and recreation services. New facilities required to maintain adequate service levels would be funded through the City's general fund and school developer fees. In addition, small increases in ongoing yearly property tax revenues would be available to fund a portion of ongoing services. Service providers regularly review growth trends and conduct long-range planning to provide adequate public services for future growth. Therefore, cumulative impacts to these public services are expected to be less than significant. Cumulative impacts associated with police and fire protection services that would occur under the proposed project and cumulative projects would occur within and outside the Santa Clara County Sheriff's Office West Valley Patrol Division and the SCCFD service areas. For example, police and fire protection services for neighboring cities such as Sunnyvale, Santa Clara, and San Jose are pro- vided by each respective city's police and fire protection departments. Expected increases in demand for police and fire services would not make a considerable contribution to increased demand for these public services on a regional level. Additional staffing for police and fire protection services would not result in physical environmental effects; therefore no significant cumulative effects to these services are anticipated that would result in adverse physical impacts associated with the maintenance of service standards. For school services, the geographic setting for cumulative impacts includes the Cupertino Union School District, Fremont Union High School District, and the Santa Clara Unified School District service areas, which include the communities of Saratoga, Cupertino, San Jose, Santa Clara, Los Altos, and Sunnyvale. As expected residential and non-residential growth occurs within the three P:\COC1101 Apple 2 Campus\PRODUCTS\DEIR\Public\5m-PublicSe iceUtil.doc(06/03/13) PUBLIC REVIEWDRAFT 594 LSA ASSOCIATES, INC. APPLE CAMPUS 2 PROJECT EIR JUNE 2015 V. SETTING, IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES M. PUBLIC SERVICES AND UTILITIES school service areas, increased demand would be placed on the school districts' services and facilities. The cumulative demand within all three school districts is expected to increase as a result of implementation of the proposed project and other foreseeable projects and could result in a potentially significant cumulative impact on schools. However, as previously described, any development carried out that may affect service levels within the three school districts would be required to contribute school facility fees in conformance with State law and District requirements. School impact fees are deemed by statute to constitute full mitigation to reduce the impact of development projects on school facilities. Therefore, cumulative impacts of development on school district facilities would be less than significant. In addition, significantly increased ongoing yearly property tax revenues would be available to fund ongoing services for the school districts. Utilities services are generally provided or delivered on a local level, but often originate from sources outside of the City and/or as a part of a regional distribution system. Development associated with the proposed project and other foreseeable projects would contribute to regional impacts associated with water demand. As previously described, the WSA concludes that the Los Altos District would have adequate water supplies to meet projected demand associated with the proposed project (Phases 1 and 2) through the year 2035, taking into account all existing and anticipated future customers for normal, single dry year, and multiple dry year conditions.109 Therefore, impacts related to water supply would be less than significant. Since development of the proposed project would not result in significant impacts to the existing and future water supply, the proposed project would not make a considerable contribution to cumulative adverse water supply impacts. The proposed project and past, present, and reasonably foreseeable future development projects would also increase demand for wastewater services and other utilities in Cupertino. Since develop- ment of the proposed project would not result in significant impacts to existing wastewater and other infrastructure, the proposed project would not make a considerable contribution to cumulative utility impacts. 109 Yame & Associates, Inc., 2012, op. cit. P:\COC1101 Apple 2 Campus\PRODUCTS\DEIR\Public\5m-PublicSe iceUtil.doc(06/03/13) PUBLIC REVIEWDRAFT 595 LSA ASSOCIATES, INC. APPLE CAMPUS 2 PROJECT EIR JUNE 2015 V. SETTING, IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES M. PUBLIC SERVICES AND UTILITIES This page intentionally left blank. 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