CC Ordinance No. 17-2167 An Interim Urgency Ordinance Extending Urgency Number 16-2153 and a Temporary Moratorium on Non-Medical Marijuana Dispensaries, Marijuana Cultivation and Cultivation Facilities...CITY OF CUPERTINO
URGENCY ORDINANCE NO. 17-2167
AN INTERIM URGENCY ORDINANCE OF THE CITY COUNCIL
OF THE CITY OF CUPERTINO EXTENDING URGENCY ORDINANCE
NUMBER 16-2153 AND A TEMPORARY MORATORIUM ON NON-MEDICAL
MARIJUANA DISPENSARIES, MARIJUANA CULTIVATION AND
CULTIVATION FACILITIES, COMMERCIAL CANNABIS ACTIVITIES AND
MARIJUANA TRANSPORT AND DELIVERIES WITHIN THE CITY OF
CUPERTINO PENDING COMPLETION OF AN UPDATE TO THE CITY'S
ZONING CODE
WHEREAS, this Ordinance is exempt from the prov1s10ns of the California
Environmental Quality Act (Public Resources Code Section 21000, et seq.) (CEQA)
because it can be seen with certainty that there is no possibility the adoption and
implementation of this Ordinance may have a significant effect on the environment, and
the Ordinance is exempt from CEQA pursuant to CEQA Guidelines Sections 15061(b)(l),
15061(b)(2), and 15061(b)(3). Moreover, the adoption of this Ordinance is further exempt
from CEQA because the Ordinance does not change existing City law and practice.
WHEREAS, the City Council is the decision making body on this Ordinance, and before
taking action on it, using its independent judgment, finds such CEQA exemptions to
apply;
NOW, THEREFORE, THE CITY COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF CUPERTINO DOES
ORDAIN AS FOLLOWS :
SECTION 1. Authority. This Ordinance is adopted pursuant to the provisions set forth
in Government Code sections 36937(b) and 65858(a), (b) and pursuant to other applicable
law.
SECTION 2. Findings. In adopting this Ordinance, the City Council finds:
A. In 1970, Congress enacted the Controlled Substances Act (CSA) which,
among other things, makes it illegal to import, manufacture, distribute, possess or use
marijuana in the United States.
Ordinance No . 17-2167
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B. In 1972, California added Chapter 6 to the state Uniform Controlled
Substances Act, commencing at Health and Safety Code section 11350, which established
the state's prohibition, penalties, and punishments for the possession, cultivation,
transportation, and distribution of marijuana.
C. In 1996, the voters of the State of California approved Proposition 215 (the
"Act;" Health and Safety (H&S) Code Section 11362.5).
D. On October 9, 2015, Assembly Bills 243 and 266 and Senate Bill 643
(collectively, the "Medical Marijuana Regulation and Safety Act" or "MMRSA") were
enacted to create a state regulatory and licensing system governing the cultivation,
testing, and distribution of medical marijuana, the manufacturing of medical marijuana
products, and physician recommendations for medical marijuana. The new law also
recognizes a range of medical marijuana businesses referred to as "commercial cannabis
activities," including cultivation businesses, marijuana product manufacturers,
marijuana distributors and transporters, marijuana testing laboratories, and dispensaries,
and provides immunity to marijuana businesses operating with both a state license and
a local permit.
E. The Municipal Code does not have express provisions regarding non-
medical marijuana dispensaries, non-medical marijuana cultivation facilities, commercial
cannabis activities, and non-medical marijuana deliveries. These uses are not listed as a
permitted or conditionally permitted land uses in the Zoning Code and are therefore
prohibited in Cupertino under principles of permissive zoning (City of Corona v . Naulls
(2008) 166 Cal.App .4th 418, 431-433). Moreover, the Municipal Code requires compliance
with the most restrictive law, which in this case is federal law, which prohibits all
marijuana activity. (Cupertino Municipal Code §§1.04.010(5), 19.04 .030)
F. It is imperative that the City retain local land use control over marijuana
cultivation and associated uses . Several California cities and counties have experienced
serious adverse impacts associated with and resulting from medical marijuana
dispensaries and cultivation sites . According to these communities and according to
news stories widely reported, medical marijuana activities have resulted in and/or caused
an increase in crime, including burglaries, robberies, violence, and illegal sales of
marijuana to, and use of marijuana by, minors and other persons without medical need
in the areas immediately surrounding such medical marijuana activities . There have also
been large numbers of complaints of odors related to the cultivation and storage of
man1uana .
G. A California Police Chiefs Association compilation of police reports, news
stories, and statistical research regarding crimes involving medical marijuana businesses
and their secondary impacts on the community is contained in a 2009 white paper report
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which is attached to the staff report presented to the City Council on January 16, 2016,
and is on file with the City Clerk, and is incorporated by reference.
H. The Santa Clara County District Attorney's Office issued a May 2014
memorandum entitled "Issues Surrounding Marijuana in Santa Clara County," which
outlined many of the negative secondary effects resulting from marijuana cultivation; a
copy of this memorandum is attached to the staff report presented to the City Council on
January 16, 2016, and is on file with the City Clerk, and is incorporated by reference.
I. The Santa Clara County Public Defender issued a May 2014 memorandum
entitled "Substance-Related Suspensions in the East Side Union High School District,"
describing a correlation between substance abuse-related suspensions in local high
schools and a proliferation of medical marijuana dispensaries in the area; a copy of this
memorandum is attached to the staff report presented to the City Council on January 16,
2016, and is on file with the City Clerk, and is incorporated by reference.
J. The Police Foundation and the Colorado Association of Chiefs of Police
issued a 2015 report entitled "Colorado's Legalization of Marijuana and the Impact on
Public Safety: A Practical Guide for Law Enforcement," which outlined many of the
summarize the numerous challenges faced by law enforcement when enforcing the laws
surrounding legalization, to document solutions that have been proposed and put into
effect, and outline problems that still need to be addressed; a copy of this memorandum
is attached to the staff report presented to the City Council with this ordinance and is on
file with the City Clerk, and is incorporated by reference.
K. News stories regarding adverse impacts of medical marijuana businesses,
including dispensaries, cultivation sites, and delivery services, are attached to the staff
report presented to the City Council on January 16, 2016, and is on file with the City Clerk,
and are incorporated by reference.
L. It is reasonable to conclude that non-medical marijuana dispensaries, non-
medical marijuana cultivation facilities, commercial cannabis activities, and non-medical
marijuana deliveries and transport would cause similar adverse impacts on the public
health, safety, and welfare in Cupertino.
M. Although the state law has established a regulatory system for medical
marijuana, the California Bureau of Medical Cannabis Regulation advises that it is in the
early stages of developing a licensing program and will not be accepting applications for
medical marijuana license until 2018.
N. rn· order to protect the public health, safety, and welfare, the City Council
desires to amend the Municipal Code to address, in express terms, non-medical
marijuana dispensaries, non-medical marijuana cultivation facilities, commercial
cannabis activities, and non-medical marijuana deliveries. Proposition 64, which was on
Ordinance No. 17-2167
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the November 8, 2016 ballot has passed, and therefore, the City Council hereby
determines that the Municipal Code is in need of further review and revision to protect
the public against potential negative health, safety, and welfare impacts and preserve
local control over non-medical marijuana establishments. Non-medical marijuana
currently is prohibited under both state and federal law, unless Proposition 64
decriminalizes non-medical marijuana at the state level.
0. Proposition 64, and subsequently, SB 94 (the Medicinal and Adult-Use
Cannabis Regulation and Safety Act or "MAUCRSA") which repealed the Medical and
Adult-Use Cannabis Regulation and Safety Act ("MCRSA") and incorporated some of its
provisions into the licensing provisions of the Control, Regulate and Tax Adult-Use of
Marijuana Act (" AUMA"), has decriminalized recreational marijuana use, cultivation,
and distribution under state law and further established a licensing program for non-
medical commercial cultivation, testing, and distribution of non-medical marijuana and
the manufacturing of non-medical marijuana products. However, such licenses will not
be issued at least until January 2, 2018.
P. Proposition 64, and subsequently, MAUCRSA expressly preserves local
jurisdictions' ability to adopt and enforce local ordinances to regulate non-medical
marijuana establishments including local zoning and land use requirements, business
license requirements, and the ability to completely prohibit the establishment or
operation of one or more types of non-medical marijuana businesses.
Q . Proposition 64, and subsequently, MAUCRSA further recognizes the City's
ability to completely prohibit outdoor planning, harvesting, cultivation or processing of
non-medical marijuana for personal us e, and the City's ability to regulate indoor
cultivation for personal use.
R. The City did not tak e a formal position on Proposition 64, but in order to
preserve local control, the City confirms that such non-medical marijuana is prohibited
within the City to the fullest ex tent permitted by law.
S. It is necessary to extend Urgency Ordinance Number 16-2153 because it will
expire before there is an opportunity for the City to evaluate state law, regulation, and
licensing for non-medical marijuana for purposes of evaluating the impacts and policies
for non-medical marijuana, consideration of obtaining voter approval for taxes, and
adopting a regular zoning code amendment, which includes public notice, consideration
by the Planning Commission, and first and second reading before the City Council. Any
loss of local land use control over marijuana cultivation would result in a current and
immediate threat to the public health, safety, and welfare.
T. Government Code sections 36937 and 65858 authorize the extension of
adoption of an interim urgency ordinance to protect the public health, safety, and welfare,
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and to prohibit land uses that may conflict with land use regulations that a city's
legislative bodies are considering, studying, or intending to study within a reasonable
time. Prior to this extension, the City provided notice of the public hearing as required
by law.
U. Failure to adopt this extension of the moratorium could impair the orderly
and effective implementation of contemplated amendments to the Municipal Code.
V. The City Council further finds that this moratorium is a matter of local and
City-wide importance and is not directed towards any particular person or entity that
seeks to cultivate marijuana in Cupertino.
W. The proposed Ordinance conforms with the latest adopted general plan for
the City in that a prohibition against medical and non-medical marijuana cultivation
facilities, medical and non-medical marijuana dispensaries, commercial cannabis
activities, and medical and non-medical marijuana delivery and transport services does
not conflict with any allowable uses in the land use element and does not conflict with
any policies or programs in any other element of the general plan.
X. The proposed Ordinance will protect the public health, safety, and welfare
and promote the orderly development of the City in that prohibiting marijuana
cultivation facilities, non-medical marijuana dispensaries, commercial cannabis activities,
and non-medical marijuana delivery and transport services will protect the City from the
adverse impacts and negative secondary effects connected with these activities.
Y. The proposed Ordinance is consistent with Municipal Code Title 19, which
currently bans marijuana cultivation facilities, non-medical marijuana dispensaries,
commercial cannabis activities, and non-medical marijuana delivery services under
principles of permissive zoning.
SECTION 3. Extension of Moratorium. The ordinance prohibiting non-medical
marijuana activities, cultivation and all commercial marijuana land uses in all zoning
districts and lands within the City, and all of the terms and provisions of said ordinance,
is hereby extended for a period of twelve (12) months through September 19, 2018.
In order to protect the public health, safety and welfare, the City finds that it is necessary
to extend the Urgency Ordinance and all of the prohibitions imposed by Ordinance No.
16-2153, including those on non-medical marijuana facilities, non-medical marijuana
cultivation, commercial cannabis activities, non-medical marijuana deliveries and
transport within the City of Cupertino, and Ordinance No. 16-2153 is hereby extended.
SECTION 4. Effective Period. This Ordinance is an extension of Ordinance No. 16-2153,
an urgency measure adopted pursuant to the provisions of Government Code Section
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65858. This Ordinance shall be in effect until the earlier of the following, and shall
thereupon be repealed and of no further force or effect, unless extended by subsequent
enactment of the City Council:
i) The completion of the study, evaluation, consideration, and legislative action
and effective date of the amendments to Cupertino Municipal Code, Title 19,
Zoning, to address non-medical marijuana uses, cultivation, and activities on
a permanent basis, or
ii) 12 months beyond September 19, 2017.
SECTION 5: Report of Interim Moratorium. Ten days prior to the expiration of Urgency
Ordinance No. 16-2153, the City provided a report describing the measures taken to
alleviate the urgency pursuant to Government Code section 65858(d). Further, 10 days
prior to the expiration or any extension of this Interim Ordinance, the City Council will
issue a written report describing the measures taken to alleviate the conditions which led
to the adoption of this Interim Ordinance.
SECTION 6. Severability. The City Council hereby declares every section, paragraph,
sentence, cause and phrase is severable. If any section, paragraph, sentence, clause or
phrase of this ordinance is for any reason found to be invalid or unconstitutional, such
invalidity, or unconstitutionality shall not affect the validity or constitutionality of the
remaining sections, paragraphs, sentences, clauses or phrases.
SECTION 7: Publication. The City Clerk is directed to cause this ordinance to be
published in the manner required by law.
THE FOREGOING EXTENSION OF THE URGENCY ORDINANCE was introduced
and adopted at a regular meeting of the City Council of the City of Cupertino held on
September 19, 2017 by the following vote:
Ordinance No . 17-2167
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Vote Members of the City Council
AYES: Vaidhyanathan, Paul, Scharf, Sinks
NOES: None
ABSENT: Chang
ABSTAIN: None
ATTEST: APPROVED:
Grace Schmidt, City Clerk ~w:d ~~~ Savita Vaidhyanath,M~or,
City of Cupertino
STATE OF CALIFORNIA )
COUNTY OF SANTA CLARA )
CITY OF CUPERTINO )
I, GRACE SCHMIDT, City Clerk and ex-officio Clerk of the City
Council of the City of Cupertino , California, do hereby certify the attached
to be a true and correct copy of Interim Urgency Ordinance No. 17-2167,
which was enacted on September 19, 201 7, and that it has been published
or posted pursuant to law (G.C. 40806).
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, I have hereunto set my hand and seal
this 21st day of September, 2017.
GRACE SCHMIDT, City Clerk and Ex-officio Clerk
of the City Council of the City of Cupertino, California