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arborist report tr-2017-11.pdf 10379 Aipine Drive, Cupertino Deodar Cedar Assessment February 16,2017 February 16, 2017 Mike Tubbs C 10379 Alpine Drive Cupertino, CA 95014 Monarch Consulting Arborists LLC P.O.Box 1tr1Q Felton,CA 95018 831.331.8982 Summary The deodar cedar(Cedrus deodara) in front of 10379 Alpine Drive in Cupertino is a "Specimen Tree"according to the City of Cupertino ordinance, and is protected. The combination of the large growing species, obstructed root area from adjacent hard-scapes, and proximity to the sewer line all contributed to the damage and destruction of the original pipes. The likelihood of the recent root removal to lead to tree failure is probable, and can be expected under normal conditions in the next year, the likelihood of striking a target is high, and the consequences significant or severe, and the tree poses a high risk. The tree meets the findings for removal as stated in section 14.18.180 (A) subsection(1) of the municipal code required for a tree removal permit. Assignment, Limits, Purpose and Use My assignment was to inspect the crown, trunk, trunk flare, above ground roots, and site conditions around the deodar cedar following the guidelines for a Leve12: Basic Tree Risk Assessment as described in Best Management Practices: Tree Risk Assessment:Inte�•national Society of ArboricultuYe, 2011. Describe other conflicts related to the tree including the sewer damage and proximity to the gas utility. The assessment is limited to the tree and site conditions during my site visit on February 14, 2017. The tree risk assessment considers only known targets and visible or detectable conditions. Any tree, whether it has visible weakness or not, will fail if the forces applied exceed the strength of the tree or its parts. The given time period for this assessment is one year. The purpose of this report is to inform the property owner about the likelihood of the tree or its parts failing, likelihood of striking a target, and the consequences to provide a risk rating. The report is to be used by the property owners, their agents, and the City of Cupertino to help make decisions about the future management of the tree. � Monarch Consulting Arborists LLC- P.O Box 1010, Felton: CA 95018 � 831.331.8982- rick@monarcharborist.com 1 of 13 10379 Alpine Drive, Cupertino Deodar Cedar Assessment February 16, 2017 Observations The deodar cedar(Cedrus deodara) in front �='".=V of 10379 Alpine Drive has a trunk diameter of ' _" „ 25 inches (78.5 inch circumference) and is '� �• �"��`-" .- -��..-:�_.. ,.-• - - about 65 feet tall (Image 1). The tree is -�"' �.-r;=*�;�-..,.,�;_, considered a"Specimen Tree"according to ' �' �` the Cupertino ordinance and is protected. - T^+ -�"= � �. �: The crown spreads about 40 feet across and - -��-� ��-� .-_ , _a. �Y�„��',. foliar color, size, and density are nonnal for .�_ �� ._�� _ the species. The upper ten feet of the trunk ''��- bifurcates into codominant stems. The trunk � ��` -� � ��s�. ��y �,`�'f _ is vertical with no deviation and the trunk � -� _� ,�� . �'�- flare is partially exposed. The tree is growing 1 '��`��-_' �`��.-.�.::�,Y�. - in a raised container which is damaged on �F_ _ � � .,..,'`�:_�-='� � � `= +' � �_. . two sides. Along the west side four to five - �'� ` � ��` . feet from the trunk a trench has been dug to - �`'_ '_ � '-�' ��s�`� � ;..�� ' -� � _ .��-y�,�. � ,�� `�. �,`� , ;� .�,:, replace a damaged sewer line. At least four _�- ;_Nr �..t,`� - structural roots with diameters varying from �� _ , �` �' � , eight to ten inches were severed during the � $��$ �. � construction process to install the new ��` � ,''�"� °�--,r = ° ductile. The gas utility runs east to west six ;'< -- � �` - feet from the trunk to the north. Targets of value within striking distance of the tree are � -.�-.----- vehicles frequently on the road and in the two �.�--T `�� - driveways to the east and west along with the �'"�"�� house to the south. The sewer was damaged Image 1 : Deodar cedar in front of 10379 by tree roots from the cedar and photographic Alpine Drive evidence has been provided by Mr. Tubbs (Appendix B). The damaged sewer rendered the triplex uninhabitable and the repairs to the sewer were of an emergency nature to restore occupancy. Analysis and Methodology I performed a Leve12: Basic Tree Risk Assessment including inspecting crown, trunk, trunk flare, above grotznd roots, and site conditions around the tree. The objective is to look for obvious defects and conditions that could lead to failure within the next year. The assessment included an evaluation of tree structure and site conditions that could lead to failure, the potential loads on the tree, and the trees'adaptations to weakness - to judge the likelihood of failure (Dunster, J. Smiley, E.T. Matheny,N. Lily, S. 2013). The height and distance measurements are estimates. �� Monarch Consulting Arborists LLC- P.O Box 1010, Felton, CA 95018 � 831.331.8982- rick@monarcharborist.com 2 of 13 10379 Alpine Drive, Cupertino Deodar Cedar Assessment February 16, 2017 Discussion Sewer and Gas Conflict Tree roots in urban environments often grow near the soil surface and, as they grow in girth, they heave and crack hard-scapes or damage underground facilities. The size of the planting site, the tree species, and the design of the adjacent structures all contribute to damage (Clark and Matheny, 2008). The root intrusion and damage to the nearby sewer facility is compounded by the tree's proximity to the original ductile. Large structural roots extend into the landscape and have previously damaged the container the tree is growing in. The large growing species confined to a small planting site had caused many roots to proliferate in a small soil space and grow deeper beyond the planter under the nearby hard-scapes. The combination of the large growing species requiring more room for root growth, obstructed root growth from adjacent hard-scapes, and proximity to the sewer line all contributed to the damage and destruction of the original pipes. The gas line runs east to west under the tree as well. PG&E has marked the gas location and the pipe is visible inside the trench dug for the sewer. The gas line runs parallel to the sidewalk about six feet from the trunk. Root Removal in the Critical Root Zone s� � , � .,: The Critical Root Zone (CRZ) is the area of soil �� `- � :Y . i� �F�,� around the trunk of the tree where roots are located �� ': �i: � ��` �< :, � - that provide stability and uptake of water and ,{�- j iF � ��..- � nutrients required for survival. The CRZ is the �� . � '.��; .��sY� �'`- m i n i m u m d i s t a n c e f r o m t h e t r u n k t h a t t r e n c h i n g o r <��;�;,-:y _ :,;,a x , „ �.�_ '. � root cutting can occur and is defined by the trunk _ �. : _ diameter as a distance of three times the diameter in T '�� - � � _ feet, and preferably five times (Smiley, Fraedrich _� �� : ..�-:� ' and Hendrickson, 2007). Because the new trench is �-�� located within the critical root zone of the cedar, :�;:: � � --;- root cutting and rernoval has compromised the �#` "� structural integrity of the tree. The minimum ° `� - distance for any cutting to occur would have ; ` ` • � needed to be outside of ten feet. The likelihood of Y ��:=� ; the root removal to lead to tree failure is probable, $ �`_._ ��`;,- _ and can be expected in the next year. ��'t` � � � Image 2: Roots cut within the critical root zone. r ��-�� .� � Monarch Consulting Arborists LLC - P.O Box 1010, Felton, CA 95018 � 831.331.8982- rick@monarcharborist.com 3 of 13 10379 Alpine Drive, Cupertino Deodar Cedar Assessment Fe6ruary 16,2017 Tree Risk Assessment The tree risk assessment is based on the following five components: • Review of past and present site conditions. • Assessment of the significance of the targets present. • Identification and assessment of structural defects in the crown, trunk, trunk flare, above ground roots, and site conditions. • Evaluation of the most likely and significant parts of the tree to fail. • Development of the risk rating. Tree risk assessment considers the likelihood of a portion of the tree failing and impacting a target along with the consequences within a given time period. The risk evaluation is placed in a matrix to establish an overall risk rating. The fvst step is to determine the likelihood of failure based on structural conditions, defects, response growth, and potential loads (usually gravity or wind). The second part is to determine the likelihood of a particular part of the tree to strike a target in a given time period. The likelihood of failure is based on normal conditions and does not account for unusual stonn events or unusually high winds. The consequences of failure are based on the significance of the targets and are categorized as negligible, minor, significant, or severe. The matrix combines the likelihood of failure impacting a target with the consequences to produce a risk rating of extreme, high, moderate, or low (Table 1). The likelihood of the entire tree to fail is probable while the likelihood of it to strike either the house or bring down the high voltage lines is likely with significant or severe consequences, and the risk is high. Table 1: Tree Risk Assessment Evaluation Likelihood Part Most Likely Target Failure Impact Failure and Consequences Risk rating to Fail Impact Entire Tree Cars on Probable High Likely Significant or High i the road Severe { and driveways Entire Tree House Probable Medium Likely Significant or Moderate Severe � Monarch Consulting Arborists LLC- P.O Box 1010, Felton, CA 95018 � 831.331.8982- rick@monarcharborist.com 4 of 13 10379 Alpine Drive, Cupertino Deodar Cedar Assessment February 16,2017 City of Cupertino Findings for Removal The following is an excerpt from the Cupertino municipal code" "14.18.180 Review and Determination of Application. A. The approval authority shall approve a tree removal permit only after making at least one of the following findings: 1. That the tree or trees are irreversibly diseased, are in danger of falling, can cause potential damage to existing or proposed essential structures, or interferes with private on— site utility services and cannot be controlled or remedied through reasonable relocation or modification of the structure or utility services;" Because the tree caused damage to the existing sewer rendering it inoperable, the tree is in close proximity to the gas utility, and now the tree poses a high risk for strttctural failure with significant or severe consequences it meets the finding far removal as stated above. Conclusion The deodar cedar in front of 10379 Alpine Drive in Cupertino is a"Specimen Tree" according to the City of Cupertino ordinance and is protected. The tree roots damaged the sewer line rendering it inoperable. The combination of the]arge growing species requiring more room for root growth, obstructed root area from adjacent hard-scapes, and proximity to the sewer line all contributed to the damage and destruction of the original pipes. The likelihood of the recent root removal to lead to t�•ee failure is probable, and can be expected under normal conditions in the next year, the likelihood of striking a target is high, and the consequences are significant or severe, and the tree poses a high risk. The tree meets the findings for removal as stated in section 14.18.180 (A) subsection (1) of the municipal code required for a tree removal permit. Recommendations I recommend removing the tree and replacing with the appropriate size and species to mitigate the loss of the tree. Provide a replacement plan along with the application for tree removal the the City of Cupertino. � Monarch Consulting Arborists LLC- P.O Box 1010, Felton, CA 95018 � 831.331.8982 - rick@monarcharborist.com 5 of 13 10379 Alpine Drive, Cupertino Deodar Cedar Assessment February 16, 2017 Bibliography Clark, Jarnes R., and Nelda P. Matheny.ISA Municipal Specialist Certification Study Guide. Champaign: International Society Of Arboriculture, 2008. Print. American national standard for tree care operations: tree, shrub and other woody plant management : standard practices (Tree risk assessment a. Tree structure assessment). Londonderry,NH: Secretariat, Tree Care Industry Association, Inc., 2011. Print. Dunster, Julian. Tree RiskAssessment in UYban Areas and the Urban/Rural interface: Course Manual. Silverton, Oregon: Pacific Northwest Chapter, International Society of Arboriculture. Dunster, Julian A.,E. Thomas Smiley,Nelda Matheny, and Sharon Lilly. 2013. Tree Risk Assessment Manual. Champaign, Illinois: International Society of Arboriculture. Clark, James R., and Nelda P. Matheny. A Photogr•aphic Guide to the Evaluation of Hazard Trees in Urban Areas. Bedminster,PA: International Society of Arboriculture, 1994. Print. Smiley, E. Thomas, Fraedrich, Bruce R., and Hendrickson,Neil. Tree Risk Management. 2nd ed. Charlotte,NC: Bartlett Tree Research Laboratories,2007 Smiley, E,Matheny,N, Lilly, S, ISA. Best Management Practices: Tfee RiskAssessment: International Society of Arbariculture, 2011. Print �' Monarch Consulting Arborists LLC- P.O Box 1010, Felton, CA 95018 � 831.331.8982 - rick@monarcharborist.com 6 of 13 10379 Alpine Drive, Cupertino Deodar Cedar Assessment February 16, 2017 Appendix A: Tree location } �' � ��'� 1 - :�_ � _ _ ' ,� `�.�-� � � � � � ; w...�= . ��....s,..�: .� � - - �r - - .� �=�.1..� - - -r:., , - � "1 = �e-�� ' - r � x_- ,� �, �.�.._ � v� �'� �b _ � �� _ _,-- w � - � � �- -. z�_ �{�', r � -� # . � � _ � :'_� c� 1� - - i `�� `� -�, =� - - � _ _ �_�� -_ _ , �4� - � ` �_ �, ��.-.,. ,- - z. � �`�.:_ _ =� s � n .� � �"� � � � � i - _ � _ � Y �` � .� �t� � _ �� _ :, ,..,_ . 4 - {� � =- _ - '� �. l�l+� � , 'tit 'L_� - = �� _ � - �; F - � _ - :;� _ ; _ -� - � - _ - - _ � _ _ _ - _ �.,�-:_� z, � , -_ �__� � i � ` - �_. � Z ��Y"._� � . f �- _ ''��_. . . � _ _ . �� _"_ � - -__ - . . \ I: �� Monarch Consulting Arborists LLC - P.O Box 1010, Felton, CA 95018 � 831.331.8982- rick@monarcharborist.com 7 of 13 10379 Alpine Drive,Cupertino Deodar Cedar Assessment February 16,2017 Appendix B: Photographs Entire tree - . ,, - ..0 �_. ..__. . - . .:, ;f_ .. . - 4 , .� �� ; 4 . v � '�';� � . . y � � � +_ . ..,. � . - t a� .-_ ,� " . _. r.. , ��•' T ._;ro �a ��a�'"� ^I r . � .-` i'S�'�!{� ��,� --.�_ .-: . . � � -�, , j��c �' . � '�"� i+ `Yt' i d' � �w_ _ _ , y '�_ ._ ��{�.:.. 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' � � � � � � - `F., �� Monarch Consulting Arborists LLC - P.O Box 1010, Felton, CA 95018 � 831.331.8982- rick@monarcharborist.com 9 of 13 10379 Aipine Drive, Cupertino Deodar Cedar Assessment February 16, 2017 Trench for new sewer � r�v� � �� ; �� _ , �•= - � - � _ * `t � �it��s?� , �� ,b� f �.. `Y � 1 � h��+5�;i _ . . -�� '�'� : , � _.,. ! ��_, ,, F -�� ,.�� .� `i#* � `' . , �;� $< < � Y�{� hK� . jw�3� _ �� _ �. - � � !, j � �. � E � . � � : ,:_ -- � � _: � _ " � }� � { � " " �-,..�_-�� . -:�;;'�'`' d� 1 �t� t "'�t g ,�- � � , � '��: �f � ° � r _ . � �r :v '! - z� � a � � .` , � y � . > 4 ��` � �''� �.��= - .. . S.'k�' $ l_ ,_ - _ 3.'y�. t .� ._' .-TF�, -.; . . ±.7 "�.� Kt '�:� - _ �' . . �� F�' � I� � ��-. �� - .. �� I I � � � 4� _ "�->�a _ _ - - " � � ? 3�'' a � �_r � .�.� ��,�- ��, � -� � � : +�xs ��•�y�y �y5`j .d R -;--� 3�5.� _ � 3��. � .` ��A .��. - . _ � 3'V -� � :� _ � �.r.J `t-, - ___ + ' - �... .3.�' . -.� � £ s s � :_ ' �ju� ,,i � `�?fi- „#+ � �7S'�., s," . E�.. 4� � _ _e . . ;':� s'a'�_� � yY. C". _ '" �f:='i. _ � " � � - { _ k / ��+- �• i.e:, ' I ! _ _ � L > � .:..�,� �,. �...- � � ; -:�:- n... 1' . � • .� �' Monarch Consulting Arborists LLC - P.O Box 1010, Felton, CA 95018 � 831.331.8982- rick@monarcharborist.com 10 of 13 10379 Alpine Drive, Cupertino Deodar Cedar Assessment February 16, 2017 Roots in old sewer � � :� ��= -- t �..�/ ��.t;�, _ �*� ,: �� , : � w _ , _`_ - _ � _ �• '� °� .. , �� ; � :z �� . �.t . � ` '-�g� ..`� - . �. �� . " - y�- a_.j� , ' 2 ._ ' . . . .. d -"� �y�.Cy, 3 . " �.- \-s�?'a � � .[�' y �� -��4 � ;R��y`O�`.]�Ex' 3es.:� s �. r ` t� � � ;�"x tr ' �i - � . .., .i -:��''� ,_, _ . , . ,y. � � �� . �- �� i :� a ,4'r.se�,_-. , _ �,,. " _ _ � - _E ii,-' . �.. . "'� � ..;� :':�,� ..�� . �• - '. �� Y„�Z, 4 . . " ��'. _ � . ��.__ F . � � �_ `-��i�-i::_ t d�' ` r � �' �t+-* £ �... y.,,4 g'� y`..:. . ♦.i ` �� A'L �. . . � �.. t{�j�'��S;`i. a 1� _ _ �.Y .� su'� t �'Ys' : _ " _ �: �3��-� �'.�, :.. . ,�,.3,.. �'J:-. ;�'F'_ ;__��n"�.�.. .: I ��. � ,, ; =;�__ �* �`� � _ '�� „:�,��, � t -- � ��` 4 �� t�� -�'�- -� '' / - � �� ... =��_. , , ��,�,�r° l _ - ';�� `.� - - - . � �'�� ` S �� Y � . �i.P ! '_ _ -' 1�3 .. - -� �.�c.'.- � ' _ � . - �_-. .._ _ 4 .. _ � ��g� p,?.�r � ..� 4 \2' - - � ry,�y�� i�. Yv r _`'_ _"�."�.si.•`�_ �-� _.ti a;- i" , . - ' ' . _:-; g _ _Yt� � .. _ ;-,��i . . - � - � ��c'•.y�=i `�t - - - -i ... . - -; T�- � .:yi �. "_ .. . - ..- .-____ .--'--r_. _ �— se� � Monarch Consulting Arborists LLC - P.O Box 1010, Felton, CA 95018 �' 831.331.8982- rick@monarcharborist.com 11 of 13 10379 Alpine Drive, Cupertino Deodar Cedar Assessment February 16, 2017 Qualifications, Assumptions, and Limiting Conditions Any legal description provided to the consultant is assumed to be correct. Any titles or ownership of properties are assumed to be good and marketable. All property is appraised or evaluated as though free and clear,under responsible ownership and competent management. All property is presumed to be in conformance with applicable codes, ordinances, statutes, or other regulations. Care has been taken to obtain information from reliable sources. However, the consultant cannot be responsible for the accuracy of information provided by others. The consultant shall not be required to give testimony or attend meetings,hearings, conferences, mediations, arbitration, or trials by reason of this report unless subsequent contractual arrangements are made, including payment of an additional fee for such services. This report and any appraisal value expressed herein represent the opinion of the consultant, and the consultant's fee is not contingent upon the reporting of a specified appraisal value, a stipulated result, or the occunence of a subseyuent event. Sketches, drawings, and photographs in this report are intended for use as visual aids, are not necessarily to scale, and should not be construed as engineering or architectural reports or surveys. The reproduction of information generated by architects, engineers, or other consultants on any sketches, drawings, or photographs is only for coordination and ease of reference. Inclusion of said information with any drawings or other documents does not constitute a representation as to the sufficiency or accuracy of said infortnation. Unless otherwise expressed: a) this report covers only examined items and their condition at the time of inspection; and b) the inspection is limited to visual examination of accessible items without dissection, excavation, probing, or coring. There is no warranty or guarantee, expressed or implied, that structural problems or deficiencies of plants or property may not arise in the future. � Monarch Consulting Arborists LLC- P.O Box 1010, Felton, CA 95018 � 831.331.8982- rick@monarcharborist.com 12 of 13 10379 Alpine Drive, Cupertino Deodar Cedar Assessment February 16, 2017 Certification of Performance I Richard Gessner, Certify: That I have personally inspected the tree(s) and/ar the property referred to in this report, and have stated my findings accurately. The extent of the evaluation and/or appraisal is stated in the attached report and Tertns of Assignment; That I have no current or prospective interest in the vegetation or the property that is the subject of this report, and I have no personal interest or bias with respect to the parties involved; That the analysis, opinions and conclusions stated herein are my own; That my analysis, opinions, and conclusions were developed and this report has been prepared according to commonly accepted Arboricultural practices; That no one provided significant professional assistance to the consultant, except as indicated within the report. That tny compensation is not contingent upon the reporting of a predetermined conclusion that favors the cause of the client or any other party, nor upon the results of the assessment, the attainment of stipulated results, or the occurrence of any other subsequent events; I further certify that I am a Registered Consulting Arborist�with the American Society of Consulting Arborists, and that I acknowledge, accept and adhere to the ASCA Standards of Professional Practice. I am an International Society of Arboriculture Board Certified Master Arborist0 and Tree Risk Assessor Qualified. I have been involved with the practice of Arbariculture and the care and study of trees since 1998. Richard J. Gessner f..��j� _ . _ -= i G, ' � -1 - � ASCA Registered Consulting ArboristOO #496 l ;�`, ISA Board Certified Master ArboristOO WE-4341 B �/� � ..":"'•• ISA Tree Risk Assessor Qualified � # Tfi, Copyright OO Copyright 20l 7,Monard�Consulting Arborists LLC. Other than specific exception granted for copies made by the client for the express uses stated in this report,no parts of this publication may be reproduced,stored in a retrieval system,or transmitted in any form or by any means,electronic,mechanical,recording,or otherwise without the express,written permission of the author. � Monarch Consulting Arborists LLC - P.O Box 1010, Felton, CA 95018 � 831.331.8982- rick@monarcharborist.com 13 of 13