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General Plan Amendment to Reallocate and Replenish Development Allocation, Amend the General Plan Land Use Map RESOLUTION NO. 14-211 A RESOLUTION OF THE CITY COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF CUPERTINO APPROVING A GENERAL PLAN AMENDMENT TO REALLOCATE AND REPLENISH DEVELOPMENT ALLOCATION,AMEND THE GENERAL PLAN LAND USE MAP AND DEVELOPMENT STANDARDS, COMPLY WITH STATE LAW AND IMPROVE PRESENTATION, ORGANIZATION,AND READABILITY SECTION I: PROTECT DESCRIPTION Application No: GPA-2013-01 Applicant: City of Cupertino Location: Citywide SECTION II: ENVIRONMENTAL REVIEW PROCESS WHEREAS pursuant to City Council direction to initiate a project to replenish, reallocate and increase citywide development allocations in order to plan for anticipated future development activity while keeping with the community's character, goals, and objectives and to consolidate development requests by several property owners for amendments to the General Plan,under a comprehensive community vision, and WHEREAS, pursuant to State Housing Law, the City Council has directed staff to update the Housing Element of the General Plan and make associated zoning amendments to comply with State Law; and WHEREAS, the General Plan amendments are part of the General Plan Amendment, Housing Element Update and Associate Rezoning, all as fully described and analyzed in the June 2014 General Plan Amendment, Housing Element Update, and Associated Rezoning Project Environmental Impact Report ("Draft EIR") (State Clearinghouse No. 2014032007), as amended by text revisions in the August 2014 General Plan Amendment, Housing Element Update and Associated Rezoning Project EIR Response to Comments Document ("Response to Comments Document") and the Supplemental Text Revisions (together,the "Final EIR'); and WHEREAS, the Final EIR was presented to the Planning Commission on September 9, 2014 at a Planning Commission Study Session; and WHEREAS, the Final EIR was presented to the City Council on October 7, 2014 at a City , Council Study Session;and WHEREAS, the necessary public notices have been given as required by the procedural ordinances of the City of Cupertino and the Government Code, and the Planning Commission held public hearings on October 14, 2014 and October 20, 2014 to consider the project; and WHEREAS, on October 20, 2014, the Planning Commission recommended on a 4-0-1 (Takahashi absent) vote that the City Council certify that the Final EIR has been completed in compliance with the California Environmental Quality Act, Public Resources Code Section 21000 et seq., and reflects the independent judgment and analysisof the City, adopt the Findings and Statement of Overriding Considerations, adopt the Mitigation Measures, and adopt the Mitigation Resolution No. 14-211 Page 2 Monitoring and Reporting Program, in substantially similar form to the Resolution presented (Resolution no. 6760); adopt the General Plan Amendment(GPA-2013-01) (Resolution no. 6761); authorize staff to forward the Draft Housing Element to the State Department of Housing and Community Development for review (GPA-2013-02); approve the prioritized list of potential Housing Element sites in the event amendments are needed to the proposed Housing Element sites upon HCD review (Resolution no. 6762); approve the Zoning Map Amendments, Z-2013- 03, in substantially similar form to the Resolution presented (Resolution no. 6763); approve the Municipal Code Amendments to make changes to conform to the General Plan and Housing Element and other clean up text edits (MCA-2014-01).(Resolution no. 6764); approve the Specific Plan Amendments, SPA-2014-01, in substantially similar form to the Resolution presented (Resolution no. 6765); and WHEREAS, on November 10,2014,public comment was collected on the project; WHEREAS, on December 2, 2014, the City Council held a duly noticed public hearing that was continued to December 3, 2014 and adjourned on December 4, 2014 to consider the amendments to the General Plan; and WHEREAS, the City Council of the City of Cupertino is the decision-making body for this Resolution; WHEREAS, prior to taking action on this Resolution, the City Council has exercised its independent judgment in carefully considering the information in the Final EIR and finds that the General Plan amendments contained in this Resolution fall within the scope of the certified Final EIR, in that all amendments proposed in this Resolution that have the potential for resulting in either a direct physical change in the environment or a reasonably foreseeable indirect physical change in the environment have been examined in the Final EIR and therefore, no recirculation of the Final EIR is required; and WHEREAS, after consideration of evidence contained in the entire administrative record, at the public hearing commencing on December 2, and continuing on December 3 and December 4, 2014, the City Council adopted Resolution No. 14-210 certifying the Final EIR, adopting Findings and a Statement of Overriding Considerations, adopting Mitigation Measures, and adopting a Mitigation Monitoring and Reporting Program. NOW, THEREFORE: After careful consideration of the, maps, facts, exhibits, testimony and other evidence submitted in this matter, the City Council hereby finds: 1. The General Plan is necessary to prescribe reasonable controls and standards for affected land uses to insure compatibility and integrity of those uses with other uses; 2. The General Plan provides reasonable property development rights while protecting environmentally sensitive land uses and species; 3. The General Plan identifies standards and policies for use throughout the City; 4. The General Plan conforms with requirements of State Law and Resolution No. 14-211 Page 3 5. The General Plan is necessary to protect the general public health, safety,or welfare of the community as a whole. NOW, THEREFORE,BE IT RESOLVED: After careful consideration of the,maps,facts, exhibits,testimony and other evidence submitted in this matter, the City Council hereby adopts: 1. Amendments to the General Plan (Application No. GPA-2013-01) as shown in Exhibit GPA-1,which is incorporated herein by reference as part of this resolution and 2. Changes to the Land Use Map as shown in Exhibit GPA-2, which is incorporated herein by reference as part of this resolution. PASSED AND ADOPTED, at a meeting of the City Council of the City of Cupertino this 4th day of December 2014,by the following vote: Vote Members of the City Council AYES: Sinks, Chang,Vaidhyanathan,Wong NOES: Paul ABSTAIN: None ABSENT: None ATTEST: APPROVED: 4 c <. 4A Grace Schmidt, City Clerk Rod Sinks,Mayor, City of Cupertino Y x9S (5 541➢ CUPERTINO .f t 1 ✓, " -1 vp U,- N { 1 s � r r y �M, `i ` +... .�. fees,.. ACKNOWLEDGMENTS City Council Rod Sinks, Mayor Barry Chang, Vice Mayor Gilbert Wong, Council Member Savita Vaidhyanathan, Council Member Darcy Paul, Council Member Orrin Mahoney, Council Member (former) Mark Santoro, Council Member (former) Planning Commission Paul Brophy, Chair Winnie Lee, Vice Chair Don Sun, Commissioner Alan Takahashi, Commissioner Margaret Gong, Commissioner City Staff David Brandt, City Manager Aarti Shrivastava, Assistant City Manager/Community Development Director Carol Korade, City Attorney Colleen Winchester, Assistant City Attorney Gary Chao, Assistant Community Development Director Piu Ghosh, Senior Planner Rebecca Tolentino, Senior Planner Christopher Valenzuela, Senior Planner George Schroeder, Associate Planner Tiffany Brown, Associate Planner Angela Tsui, Economic Development Manager Carol Atwood, Director of Recreation and Community Services Rick Kitson, Director of Public Affairs Timm Borden, Public Works Director Albert Salvador, Building Official Chad Mosely, Senior Civil Engineer David Stillman, Senior Traffic Engineer Teri Gerhardt, GIS Manager Adam Araza, GIS Department CITY STAFF (Community outreach) CONSULTANT TEAM Aki Honda Snelling MIG, Inc. Alex Wykoff Daniel lacofano, CEO/Principal Andrea Sanders Chris Beynon, Principal Alyssa Carlsen Laura Stetson, Principal Beth Ebben Dan Amsden, Senior Project Manager Cheri Donnelly Ellie Fiore, Outreach and Policy Specialist Chylene Osborne Genevieve Sharrow, Project Associate Colleen Lettire Jeff Liljegren, Project Associate Diana Pancholi Marissa Reilly, Project Associate Donna Henriques Jamillah Jordan, Project Associate Erin Cooke Lillian Jacobson, Research Assistant Erwin Ching Grace Schmidt BAE Urban Economia Hella Sanders Janet Smith-Heimer, President Jeff Greef David Shiver, Principal Julia Kinst Ray Kennedy, Vice President Kaitie Groeneweg Stephanie Hagar, Senior Associate Kirsten Squarcia Kristina Alfaro Greensfelder CRE Louis Sarmiento David Greensfelder, Managing Principal Melissa Names Melissa Tronquet Veronica Tam & Associates Michelle Combs Veronica Tam, Principal Pete Coglianese Jessica Suimanjaya, Associate Rei Delgado Robert Kim PlaceWorks Ron Bullock Steve Noack, Principal Ryan Roman Terri McCracken, Senior Associate Simon Vuong Hexagon Transportation Stephen Rose Gary Black, President Sylvia Mendez Jill Hough, Vice President Tiffanie Cardenas Winnie Pagan CONTENTS Chapter 1: Introduction......................................................1-1 Purpose of Community Vision 2040............................................. 1-3 VisionStatement........................................................................... 1-4 GuidingPrinciples......................................................................... 1-4 Organization of the Document..................................................... 1-8 Community Vision 2040 Adoption................................................1-9 Community Vision 2040 Implementation..................................... 1-10 Chapter 2: Planning Areas................................................. PA-1 Introduction....................................................................................PA-3 SpecialAreas..................................................................................PA-4 Neighborhoods..............................................................................PA-18 Chapter 3: Land Use and Community Design Element...... LU-1 Introduction................................................................................... LU-3 Context.......................................................................................... LU-4 LookingForward............................................................................LU-11 Citywide Goals and Policies..........................................................LU-13 Planning Areas Goals and Policies................................................LU-78 Chapter 4: Housing Element..............................................HE-1 Introduction................................................................................... HE-3 Housing Needs Assessment......................................................... HE-4 Regional Housing Needs and Allocations.................................... HE-15 Housing Resources........................................................................HE-16 HousingPlan..................................................................................HE-18 Chapter 5: Mobility Element..............................................M-1 Introduction....................................................................................M-3 Context.......................................................................................... M-4 LookingForward............................................................................M-14 Goalsand Policies......................................................................... M-16 CONTENTS Chapter 6: Environmental Resources................................. ES-1 Introduction................................................................................... ES-3 Context.......................................................................................... ES-4 LookingForward............................................................................ES-26 Goals and Policies......................................................................... ES-27 Chapter 7: Health and Safety ............................................HS-1 Introduction...................................................................................HS-3 Context......................................................................................... HS-4 LookingForward...........................................................................HS-18 Chapter 8: Infrastructure....................................................INF-1 Introduction................................................................................... INF-3 Context.......................................................................................... INF-4 LookingForward............................................................................INF-9 Goals and Policies......................................................................... INF-11 Chapter 9: Recreation, Parks and Community Service Element..............................................................................RPC-1 Introduction................................................................................... RPC-3 Context.......................................................................................... RPC-4 LookingForward............................................................................RPC-21 Goals and Policies......................................................................... RPC-23 Technical Appendices Appendix A: Land Use Definitions............................................... A-1 Appendix B: Housing Element Technical Report......................... B-1 Appendix C: Air Quality.................................................................0-1 Appendix D: Community Noise Fundamentals............................D-1 Appendix E: Geologic and Seismic Hazards.................................E-1 Appendix F: Slope Density............................................................F-1 I,L Vd jghy<t3` y rc s .i. � .:., :-,. ...•, : '...yam- � �. r u . „ �f r Chapter 1 INTRODUCTION CHAPTER 1 Introduction PURPOSE OF COMMUNITY VISION 2040 CONTENTS Community Vision 2040 is a roadmap to the future that 1-3 f Community encompasses the hopes, aspirations, values and dreams Purpose 0�0 1-4 Vision Statement of the Cupertino community. The underlying purpose of this document is to establish the policy and regulatory 1-4 Guiding Principles framework necessary to build a great community that Organization1-8 ocument serves the needs of its residents, maximizes the sense 04 Adoption of connection between neighborhoods and enhances 1-10 Community Vision 2040 1 Cupertino as a great place to live, work, visit and play. Implementation Community Vision 2040 provides a framework for integrating the aspirations of residents, businesses, property owners and public officials into a comprehensive strategy for guiding future development and managing change. It describes long-term goals and guides daily decision making by the City Council and appointed commissions. This document functions as the City of Cupertino's State-mandated General Plan, and covers a time frame of 2014-2040. As such, the goals, policies and strategies contained in this document lay the foundation for ensuring there is appropriate land use and community design, transportation networks, housing, environmental resources and municipal services established between now and 2040. Due to the breadth of topics covered in Community Vision 2040, conflicts between mutually-desirable goals are inevitable. For instance, increased automobile mobility may conflict with a safe, walkable community. This document reconciles these conflicts in the interest of building a cohesive community. Per State law, every goal and policy in this plan has equal weight. The City recognizes that the interests of residents of a particular street or neighborhood may need to be balanced with the overall needs and potentially greater goal of building a community. These are conscious choices that the City makes in the interest of building community. 1-3 COMMUNITY VISION 2040 City of Cupertino 9 .h L The Cupertino community was integral to VISION STATEMENT the formation of A Vision for Cupertino through participation and input during In order to prioritize goals and actions, the City developed numerous citywide workshops, meetings, an overarching vision statement based on extensive hearings and online surveys community input received during the 2013-14 General Plan Amendment process. This input culminated in A Vision for Cupertino, shown on the following page, which reflects ideas, thoughts and desires from residents, local business and property owners, study area stakeholders, elected and appointed officials, and other members of the Cupertino community. This updated vision expresses the community's desires for Cupertino's future. It describes the community's overall philosophy regarding the character and accessibility of existing and new neighborhoods and mixed-use corridors. Ultimately, all goals, policies and strategies contained in this document must be consistent with the vision statement. GUIDING PRINCIPLES The Guiding Principles (illustrated on pages 1-6 and 1-7) provide additional detail about Cupertino's desired future necessary to fully articulate the ideas contained in the vision statement. Similarly, the Guiding Principles were developed based on extensive community input. 1-4 CHAPTER 1 Introduction A Vision for Cupertino Cupertino aspires to be a balanced community with quiet and attractive residential neighborhoods; exemplary parks and schools; accessible open space areas, hillsides and creeks; and a vibrant, mixed-use "Heart of the City." Cupertino will be safe, friendly, healthy, connected, walkable, bikeable and inclusive for all residents and workers, with ample places and opportunities for people to interact, recreate, innovate and collaborate. 4 M'. Cupertino and the Santa Clara Valley seen from the Rancho San Antonio Open Space Preserve 1-5 COMMUNITY VISION 2040 City of Cupertino Guiding Principles #1: Develop Cohesive Neighborhoods Ensure that all neighborhoods are safe, attractive and include convenientP edestrian and bicycle access to a "full-service" of local amenities such asarks, schools, community activity P Y Y centers, trails, bicycle paths and shopping. f #2: Improve Public Health and Safety Promote public health by increasing community-wide access to healthy foods;ensure an adequate amount of safe,well-designed parks,open space,trails and pathways;and improve safety by ensuring all areas of the community are protected from natural hazards and fully served by police,fire,paramedic and health +• services. #3: Improve Connectivity Create a well-connected and safe system of trails, pedestrian and bicycle paths,sidewalks and streets that weave the community together, enhance neighborhood pride and identity, and create Es 60 access to interesting routes to different destinations. —AW .. #4: Enhance Mobility '= Ensure the efficient and safe movement of cars,trucks,transit, pedestrians, bicyclists and disabled persons throughout Cupertino in order to fully accommodate Cupertino's residents,workers, visitors and students of all ages and abilities. #5: Ensure a Balanced Community Offer residents a full range of housing choices necessary to accommodate the changing needs of a demographically and economically diverse population, while also providing a full range of support uses including regional and local shopping, education, employment, entertainment, recreation,and daily needs that are within easy walking distance. - #6: Support Vibrant and Mixed-Use Businesses Ensure that Cupertino's major mixed-use corridors and commercial nodes are vibrant, successful, attractive, friendly and comfortable ' with inviting active pedestrian spaces and services that meet the daily needs of residents and workers. 1-6 CHAPTER 1 Introduction #7: Ensure Attractive Community Design Ensure that buildings, landscapes and streets are attractively designed and well maintained so they can complement the overall community fabric by framing major streets and offering desirable and active pedestrian spaces. . #8: Embrace Diversity Celebrate Cupertino's diversity by offering a range of housing, shopping and community programs that meet the needs of the full spectrum of the community,while ensuring equal opportunities for all residents and workers regardless of age, cultural or physical .,t differences. � #9: Support Education Preserve and support Cupertino's excellent public education system by partnering with local school districts and De Anza College to improve school facilities and infrastructure,developing quality City facilities and programs that enhance learning, and expanding community-wide access to technology infrastructure. .;=z #10: Preserve the Environment Preserve Cupertino's environment by enhancing or restoring creeks and hillsides to their natural state, limiting urban uses to existing urbanized areas, encouraging environmental protection, k promoting sustainable design concepts, improving sustainable ` municipal operations, adapting to climate change, conserving energy resources and minimizing waste. #11: Ensure Fiscal Self Reliance Maintain fiscal self-reliance in order to protect the City's ability to deliver essential, high-quality municipal services and facilities to ; the community. 19 4.4.5 : #12: Ensure a Responsive Government Continue to be a regional leader in accessible and transparent municipal government; promote community leadership and local partnerships with local and regional agencies; and remain flexible and responsive to changing community needs. COMMUNITY VISION 2040 City of Cupertino ORGANIZATION OF THE PLAN California state law requires that each city and county adopt !y a General Plan for the "physical development of the county or city, and any land outside its boundaries which bears "�. relation to its planning." The role of the General Plan is to act as a community's "constitution," a basis for rational decisions regarding long-term physical development and incremental change. Community Vision 2040 expresses the community's development and conservation goals, and Each chapter of Community Vision 2040 embodies public policy relative to the distribution of future directly implements the vision statement and Guiding Principles that were developed land uses, both public and private. through an extensive community process Every General Plan is also required to address a collection of seven "elements" or subject categories. The City has the authority to address these elements in whatever organization makes the most sense for Cupertino. The following table identifies how the sections of the plan address each State- required element. COMMUNITY • - • 2040 CHAPTER 0 • . • . 1. Introduction not applicable 2. Planning Areas not applicable 3. Land Use and Community Land Use Design 4. Housing Housing 5. Mobility Circulation b. Environmental Resources Conservation, Open Space and Sustainability 7. Health and Safety Noise, Safety 8. Public Infrastructure (optional element) 9. Recreation and (optional element) Community Services 1-8 CHAPTER 1 Introduction Each topical chapter, or "Element," of Community Vision 2040 includes an introduction, background context and information, and a summary of key opportunities or objectives looking forward. They also include topical goals, policies and strategies that function in three unique ways: • Goal: a broad statement of values or aspirations needed to achieve the vision. • Policy: a more precise statement that guides the actions of City staff, developers and policy makers necessary to achieve the goal. • Strategy: a specific task that the City will undertake to implement the policy and work toward achieving the goals. COMMUNITY VISION 2040 ADOPTION Community Vision 2040 is a living document, and can be adopted or modified over time as community needs change. Each amendment needs to include a public review process and environmental impact analysis. Public review occurs prior to public hearings through community meetings, study sessions and advisory committee meetings. Public hearings allow the community to express its views prior to City Council approval. State law limits the number of General Plan amendments to four per year. Cupertino ordinances require that the City Council determine if a public hearing should be set to consider a General Plan amendment. 1-9 COMMUNITY VISION 2040 City of Cupertino COMMUNITY VISION 2040 IMPLEMENTATION Community Vision 2040 is the foundation for planning in Cupertino. All physical development must be consistent with it. State law also requires that zoning be consistent with the plan. The various goals, policies and strategies are carried out through a myriad of City plans and approval procedures, such as special planning areas, use permits, subdivisions, the Capital Improvement Program and park planning. The annual review of Community Vision 2040 provides the opportunity to evaluate the City's progress in implementing the plan and to assess if mitigation measures are being followed and if new policy direction should be considered. i- 10 �I c� JI ry i " a v SII _ M w , � m �. d now r Chapter 2 PLANNING AREAS CHAPTER 2 Planning Areas INTRODUCTION CONTENTS Cupertino benefits from having many established andPA-3 Introduction vibrant areas—each with its own unique function, charac- PA-4 Special Areas ter, .- ter, uses and services. Community Vision 2040 organizes Heart of the city into 21 distinct Planning Areas, divided into two Vallco Shopping District North Park categories: North D- Anza Anza 1. Special Areas that are expected to transition over the �- Hd life of the General Plan and • mestea Bubb Road 2. Neighborhoods where future changes are expected to Monta Vista Village Other Non-Residential/be minimal . Areas - Neighborhoods This chapter provides an overview of each Planning Area, a Valley including its current context and future vision. Specific - . .. goals, policies and strategies for each area are included Inspiration Heights in the various topical elements of the General Plan (e.g., Monta Vista North Chapters 3 through 8). VistaMonta South Homestead Garden Villa RanchoJollyman North Blaney South Blaney Rinconada Fairgrove PA { COMMUNITY VISION 2040 City of Cupertino SPECIAL AREAS Cupertino is defined by its four major roadways: Homestead :.- - Road, Wolfe Road, De Anza Boulevard and Stevens Creek r y Boulevard. These major mixed-use corridors have been the center of retail, commercial, office and multi-family housing in Cupertino for decades. They act as the "spines" of the community-connecting residential neighborhoods to major employment centers, schools and colleges, civic .r1r uses, parks, highways and freeways, and adjacent cities. In order to support local and regional commercial, office and housing needs, each of these corridors must be improved. They should be enhanced with more pedestrian, bicycle and transit facilities; supported by focused development standards; and encouraged to redevelop in order to meet the current and future needs of the community. As shown in Figure PA-1, there are nine Special Areas with- in Cupertino. Each Special Area is located along one of the four major mixed-use corridors in the city, which represent key areas within Cupertino where future development and > reinvestment will be focused. The following is a summary of the location, major characteristics, uses and vision for each of the city's nine Special Areas. i i Each major mixed-use corridor in Cupertino has a unique urban feel, streetscape design and land use characteristic. Above, from top to bottom, are Homestead Road, Wolfe Road, Stevens Creek Boulevard, De Anza Boulevard(north)and De Anza Boulevard (south). PA-4 CHAPTER 2 Planning Areas Figure PA-1 Special Areas Homestead North Vallco Special Area Gateway Vallco Shopping District Special Area North Vallco Stelling Gateway Parka Special Are r ♦♦♦ Los Altos 1 ��.,�,� �. �'•���,...i-^"` „.-�.,, / Sunnyvale `♦ ♦ �\v� North De Anza Norm eway ♦ ♦` 1 Special Area DatAn,a South Vallco Park ♦ Community Recreati6p Node Gateway %♦ Oaks Gat�way y�c,., Santa Clara Monta Vista Village Special 't� ♦ Area City 1 Node Heart of the Cit 1 l Civic Special Area Bubb Road --_� Center Special Area Node 'F De Anza College Node ! J I j North Crossroads Node San Jose 1 1 ' w L % I South De Anza r� Special Area .,t I 1 16 "J i Legend jI City Boundary Special Areas ----- Urban Service Area Boundary ! _-_ Heart of the City Sphere of Influence Vallco Shopping District Boundary Agreement Line North Vallco Park Unincorporated Areas North De Anza South De Anza 0 0.5 t Mile Homestead T0 000 2000 3000 Feet _ ® [ =] Bubb Road 0 500 1000 Meters ® Monta Vista Village PA-5 COMMUNITY VISION 2040 City of Cupertino Heart of the City Context �3 3 . „ J The Heart of the City Special Area is a key mixed-use, r commercial corridor in Cupertino. The area encom- passes approximately 635 acres along Stevens Creek Boulevard between Highway 85 and the eastern city limit. Development within this Special Area is guided by the Heart of the City Specific Plan which is intended to cre- ate a greater sense of place, more community identity, and a positive and memorable experience for residents, . .r workers and visitors of Cupertino. The Heart of the City Specific Plan area includes five specific subareas, each with „ '` unique characteristics, land uses and streetscape elements. .- The subareas include: West Stevens Creek Boulevard; Crossroads; Central Stevens Creek Boulevard; City Center; The Heart of the City is the key commercial, office and residential Special Area that and East Stevens Creek Boulevard. functions as the "downtown"of Cupertino The West Stevens Creek Boulevard subarea is located ' between Highway 85 and Stelling Road. The primary use for this area is quasi-public/public facilities, with support- ing uses including mixed commercial/residential. The De Anza College Node defines the southern half of the West Stevens Creek Boulevard subarea. Also included within this area are the Oaks Gateway and Community Recreation Node consisting of Memorial Park the Senior Center, Sports Center and Quinlan Community Center. The North Crossroads Node is a key The Crossroads subarea is located between Stelling commercial/retail destination along Stevens Road and De Anza Boulevard and is the historic core of Creek Boulevard and includes many newer, smaller scale stores and restaurants Cupertino. This area consists of specialty shops, grocery stores and restaurants that form a strong central focal point. The primary use in this area is commercial/retail, with com- mercial office above the ground level allowed as a second- ary use. Limited residential is also allowed as a supporting use per the Housing Element. The North Crossroads Node encompasses the northern half of the subarea. PA-6 CHAPTER 2 Planning Areas The Central Stevens Creek Boulevard subarea is located on the north side of Stevens Creek Boulevard between De Anza Boulevard and Torre Avenue, and on the north and south sides of Stevens Creek Boulevard between Torre Avenue and Portal Avenue. The primary use for this area is commercial/commercial office, with office above ground ► level as the secondary use. Residential/residential mixed uses are allowed as a supporting use. The City Center subarea is located south of the Central " The City Center Node serves as a medium Stevens Creek Boulevard subarea between De Anza and to higher scale mixed-use commercial, Torre Avenue/Regnart Creek. The primary use for this area employment and residential center is office/residential/hotel/public facilities/commercial retail/ fi in mixed uses. This subarea is further defined tot he City y Center Node and Civic Center Node. The City Center Node includes Cali Plaza. The Civic Center Node includes City ' Hall, Cupertino Community Hall, Cupertino Public Library, as well as the Library Plaza and Library Field. . The East Stevens Creek Boulevard subarea is located at the east end of the Heart of the City Specific Plan area and extends from Portal Avenue to the eastern city limit. The The South Vallco Park Gateway area area is largely defined by the South Vallco Park Gateway includes a mix of office uses, such as low immediately east of the Vallco Shopping District, which rise Apple office buildings, as well as some includes Nineteen 800 (formerly know as Rosebowl), The of the city's newest mixed-use projects Metropolitan and Main Street developments. This area is intended as a regional commercial district with retail/com- mercial/ office as the primary uses. Office above ground level retail is allowed as a secondary use, with residential/ residential mixed-use as a supporting use per the Housing Element. PA-7 COMMUNITY VISION 2040 City of Cupertino Vision ;,. . The Heart of the City area will continue being a focus 9 L C. of commerce, community identity, social gathering and pride for Cupertino. The area is envisioned as a tree-lined boulevard that forms a major route for automobiles, but ^ : also supports walking, biking and transit. Each of its five subareas will contribute their distinctive and unique charac- ter, and will provide pedestrian and bicycle links to adjacent _ neighborhoods through side street access, bikeways and pathways. While portions of the area is designated as a The Heart of the City will continue to be a Priority Development Area (PDA), which allows some higher focus for citywide commerce, community identity and social gathering intensity near gateways and nodes, development will continue to support the small town ambience of the com- munity. The Stevens Creek Boulevard corridor will continue to function as Cupertino's main mixed-use, commercial and retail corridor. Residential uses, as allowed per the Housing n 74„ t Element, should be developed in the "mixed-use village" format described later in the Land Use and Community 77, Design Element. The Civic Center Node will continue to serve as the center of City government with civic, library and recreational amenities PA-8 CHAPTER 2 Planning Areas Vallco Shopping District Context ' The Vallco Shopping District Special Area encompasses '�� �xg Cupertino's most significant commercial center, formerlyb known as the Vallco Fashion Park. This Special Area ' is located between Interstate 280 and Stevens Creek Boulevard in the eastern part of the city. The North Blaney neighborhood, an established single-family area, is adjacent on the west side of the Vallco Shopping District. Wolfe Road bisects the area in a north-south direction, and divides Vallco Shopping District into distinct subar- eas: Vallco Shopping District Gateway West and Vallco Shopping District Gateway East. In recent years there has been some fagade improvement to the Vallco Fashion Mall; however, there has been no major reinvestment in the mall , for decades. Reinvestment is needed to upgrade or replace New development in the South Vallco Park older buildings and make other improvements so that this area should be pedestrian-oriented commercial center is more competitive and better serves the community. Currently, the major tenants of the mall include a movie theater, bowling alley and three national retailers. The Vallco Shopping District is identified as a separate Special Area given its prominence as a regional commercial destination and its importance to future plan- ning/redevelopment efforts expected over the life of the General Plan. Vision The Vallco Shopping District will continue to function as a major regional and community destination. The City envisions this area as a new mixed-use "town center" and gateway for Cupertino. It will include an interconnected street grid network of bicycle and pedestrian-friendly streets, more pedestrian-oriented buildings with active uses lining Stevens Creek Boulevard and Wolfe Road, and publicly-accessible parks and plazas that support the PA-9 COMMUNITY VISION 2040 City of Cupertino ' pedestrian-oriented feel of the revitalized area. New devel- opment in the Vallco Shopping District should be required to provide buffers between adjacent single-family neighbor- hoods in the form of boundary walls, setbacks, landscaping or building transitions. i i Improving circulation and connectivity, including pedestrian and bicycle mobility, is a key vision for future redevelopment within the Vallco Shopping District PA-1 0 CHAPTER 2 Planning Areas North Vallco Park Context ' i The North Vallco Park Special Area encompasses 240 acres and is an important employment center for Cupertino and . the region. The area is bounded by Homestead Road to the north and Interstate 280 to the south. The eastern edge is defined by the properties that line the eastern frontage of Tantau Avenue, and the western edge includes the com- mercial development west of Wolfe Road. The North Vallco Gateway is located within this Planning Area, and includes a medium-density multi-family residential project east of Wolfe Road and two hotels and the Cupertino Village Shopping Center west of Wolfe Road. Cupertino Village offers cafes and restaurants for nearby workers and serves 1 as a village center for the residential uses in this area. The remainder of the Planning Area is defined by the new Apple I Campus 2 development located on the east side of Wolfe Road. Vision The North Vallco Park area is envisioned to become a sustainable office and campus environment surrounded by North Vallco Park includes a mix of uses, a mix of connected, high-quality and pedestrian-oriented and will is envisioned to be transformed into neighborhood center, hotels and residential uses. Taller a cohesive,pedestrian-scale neighborhoodcenter heights may be allowed in the North Vallco Gateway per the Land Use and Community Design Element and addi- tional residential development may be allowed per the Housing Element. PA-1 1 COMMUNITY VISION 2040 City of Cupertino North De Anza Context �► The North De Anza Special Area encompasses 150 acres tle and includes the portion of North De Anza Boulevard gen- erally between Interstate 280 and Stevens Creek Boulevard. De Anza Boulevard bisects the area in a north-south direc- tion. The area predominantly consists of office and campus uses with come commercial and hotel service uses. The North De Anza is expected to remain a street network in this area provides connections from the core office area within Cupertino, home to several larger corporate campuses Garden Gate neighborhood to schools and services on the east side of De Anza Boulevard. Vision The North De Anza area is expected to remain a predomi- nantly office area. However, its designation as a Priority Development Area (PDA), and increase in foot traffic due to workers taking advantage of restaurants and services in the Heart of the City Planning Area, opens opportunities to locate higher density office uses along the corridor. This would include better connections to uses along Stevens Creek Boulevard in order to make the environment more pedestrian and bicycle-friendly. Streets in this area are envisioned to function as a walkable, bikeable grid that enhances connections for school children and residents from the Garden Gate neighborhood to Lawson Middle School and other services on the east side. PA- 1 2 CHAPTER 2 Planning Areas South De Anza Context The South De Anza Special Area encompasses the por- tion of South De Anza Boulevard between Stevens Creek Boulevard and Bollinger Road, and the western portion -�• .i" of South De Anza Boulevard between Highway 85 and Prospect Road. The South De Anza Boulevard Conceptual PP Plan establishes land uses, standards and guidelines for South De Anza is expected to remain a development and change of use for properties located smaller scale commercial district with some within this Planning Area. mixed residential Vision The South De Anza area will remain a predominantly general commercial area with supporting existing mixed residential uses. The policies in this area are intended to encourage lot consolidation (in order to resolve the frag- mented and narrow lot pattern), promote active retail and service uses, and improve bike and pedestrian connectivity to adjacent neighborhoods. For parcels that are not appro- priately located or configured to accommodate successful retail, commercial and commercial/office uses may be allowed in accordance with the City Municipal Code. PA-13 COMMUNITY VISION 2040 City of Cupertino Homestead xM. Context _ The Homestead Special Area is located in the northern por- tion of the city and includes residential, commercial, office and hotel uses along Homestead Road, between Interstate 280 and the Sunnyvale city limit. This major mixed-use corridor continues to be a predominantly mixed-use area The Homestead area includes a mix with a series of neighborhood commercial centers and of low-rise to mid-rise residential, multi-family housing. The northern portion of this corridor commercial, office and hotel uses that provide a transition between low density is in Sunnyvale and is lined mostly with commercial and neighborhoods in Sunnyvale and more lower-intensity residential uses. Additional commercial uses intense areas south of Interstate 280 include a hotel along De Anza Boulevard within the North De Anza Gateway. The Stelling Gateway, which consists primarily of commercial and residential uses, is also located in this area. Community facilities within the Homestead Planning Area include Franco Park and Homestead High School. The Apple Campus 2 project is located at the east- ern end of this corridor in the North Vallco Park Planning Area and is a major regional employment center. Vision The Homestead area will continue to be a predominantly mixed-use area with residential uses and a series of neigh- borhood centers providing services to local residents. Bike and pedestrian improvements in this area will provide bet- ter connections for residents and workers to access services. Tree-lined streets and sidewalks will provide an inviting environment and will link existing and new uses. PA-14 CHAPTER 2 Planning Areas Bubb Road Context The Bubb Road Special Area is located south of Stevens Creek Boulevard between the Southern Pacific railroad tracks and Highway 85, on the north side of McClellan Road. This area is approximately 30 acres in size and consists primarily of low-rise industrial and research and development uses. The area is adjacent to Monta Vista Village to the west, Monta Vista North neighborhood to the south, and the mixed-use area of Monta Vista Village to the north. This area is one of the a few existing industrial areas in Cupertino. Vision The Bubb Road area is envisioned to become a tree-lined avenue that is more bike and pedestrian friendly. It will have an improved street grid necessary to accommodate increased foot traffic from local workers, and school children from the northern and eastern sections of Cupertino who travel to the tri-school area. Allowed uses in the Bubb Road Planning Area consist of those described in the ML-RC ordi- nance. In addition, neighborhood commercial and limited residential uses will continue to be allowed. Non-industrial uses in this area should be carefully reviewed to ensure that they do not impact the operations of existing industrial uses in this area. Development directly abutting low-intensity residential use should provide appropriate landscape buf- fers and setbacks. PA 1 5 COMMUNITY VISION 2040 City of Cupertino Monta Vista Village Context The Monta Vista Village Special Area is an older neighbor- hood which served as an attractive farming and second home community since the late 1800s. It includes several important points of historic interest. Uses in this area consist of mixed neighborhood commercial, small commercial office, and multi-family and single-family residential uses. The area was incrementally annexed by the City starting in the 1960s, ending with complete annexation in 2004, from the unincorporated Santa Clara County. Roadway and utility infrastructure in aonion of this area needs upgrading and P P9 9 improvements. Monta Vista Village has a small town charac- ter and provides necessary services to the adjacent Monta Vista North and South neighborhoods. The streets within this area serve as a travel route for school children to the tri-school area in Monta Vista (Lincoln Elementary, Kennedy Middle and Monta Vista High Schools). Vision Monta Vista Village's small town character as a pedestrian- oriented, small scaled, mixed-use residential, neighbor- hood commercial and industrial area will be retained and enhanced with new development and redevelopment. Improved pedestrian and bicycle access within the Area and to adjacent neighborhoods will promote the concept of complete, connected and walkable neighborhoods and improve travel routes to the tri-school area in Monta Vista. PA-16 CHAPTER 2 Planning Areas Other Non-Residential/Mixed-Use Areas Context In addition to the Special Areas described above, other Non-Residential/Mixed-Use Special Areas are located throughout Cupertino. These other Non-Residential/ Mixed-Use Special Areas include the following: west side of Stevens Canyon Road across from McClellan Road; intersec- tion of Foothill Boulevard and Stevens Creek Boulevard; Homestead Road near Foothill Boulevard; northwest corner of Bollinger Road and Blaney Avenue; and all other non- residential properties not referenced in an identified com- mercial area. Vision Neighborhood centers within other Non-Residential/Mixed- Use Areas should be redeveloped using the "neighborhood center" concept described in the Land Use and Community Design Element. Areas not designated as "neighborhood centers" are encouraged to provide commercial uses with a traditional storefront appearance. Second-level areas may be commercial office or residential. Residential uses, if allowed per the Housing Element, should be developed in the "mixed-use village" format as described later in the Land Use and Community Design Element. Buildings are typically one to two stories in height, but may be up to three stories in some instances where it is allowed. PA- 1 7 COMMUNITY VISION 2040 City of Cupertino NEIGHBORHOODS Cupertino has a special community character which contrib- utes to its unique quality of life and sense of place enjoyed by people who live and work in the city. Neighborhoods play a vital role in supporting this great community quality � - of life. While Cupertino has grown and expanded over the ' years, neighborhoods have continued to serve as unique and identifiable areas that have great pride for local residents. In order to maintain the unique character and " vitality of Cupertino's neighborhoods, these areas must 'J be served by needed community services such as schools, parks and neighborhood shopping. Connectivity within each neighborhood and to surrounding areas is also highly Each of the citys 12 neighborhoods have a encouraged to promote social interaction and community unique feel and character that needs to be engagement. protected in order to maintain Cupertino's great quality of life Figure PA-2 highlights 12 identifiable neighborhoods within Cupertino. Each neighborhood is unique in its location, development pattern, identity and access to community services. Most of these areas are fully developed. However, as redevelopment opportunities arise, it is important that the policies outlined in the General Plan with respect to neighborhood preservation, connectivity, mobility and access to services are implemented. The following is a summary of the location, major characteristics, uses and vision for each of the city's 12 neighborhoods. PA-1 8 CHAPTER 2 Planning Areas Figure PA-2 Neighborhoods i 1 Los Altos 6-1!�.MesTEno ROAD � me ��— ♦ �\ �"`,, r--e, lastp � t \ �. P •,,._ ,_. �i ..._... ,� unnyvale Vil Garden Oak Creston- Gate North Valley p Blaney a ' Pharla " "` "' Santa Clara STEVENS CREEK BLVD Imo' r p i k j I i r WCLELAN RD South - Rancho m = Blaney Rinconada m Inspiration o Jollyan s y Heights Monta Fairgrove Vista North t 1 - ♦ San Jose � t t ' Monta "t Vista South t 1 e c PROSPECT RD � , r — -- Legend E= City Boundary Neighborhoods / ----- Urban Service Area Boundary Oak Valley Sphere of Influence Creston-Pharlap Boundary Agreement Line Inspiration Heights Unincorporated Areas t,.. Monta Vista North 0 0.5 1 Mile �w"' TI Monta Vista South 0 1000 2000 3000 Feet ® Homestead Villa 0 500 1000 Meters „ ,_,,..; ® F. r,.. Garden Gate Jollyman North Blaney LSouth Blaney Fairgrove 1 Rancho Rinconada PA- 19 COMMUNITY VISION 2040 City of Cupertino Oak Valley Context The Oak Valley neighborhood is located in the northwest- ern corner of Cupertino in a natural hillside transition with plentiful private and public open space. The neighborhood is bounded by Interstate 280, the City of Los Altos, Foothill Boulevard, Stevens Creek Boulevard and Santa Clara County open space/quarry uses. The Oak Valley develop- The Oak Valley neighborhood is ment, located west of the railroad tracks, is predominantly predominately a single family area, with defined by single-family residential homes developed great access to open space areas in the late 1990s or early 2000s. Oak Valley is primarily accessed from Cristo Rey Drive west of Foothill Boulevard. Development has been directed away from steep slopes, view sheds, riparian corridors and areas of tree cover and architectural styles complement the natural setting. Other uses in the Oak Valley area include the PG&E Monta Vista Electrical Substation, The Forum senior living community and skilled nursing facility, Maryknoll Catholic Seminary (in Los Altos) and the Gate of Heaven Cemetery. Housing in this neighborhood includes detached single-family homes and senior independent and assisted living units. This area is served by several amenities including Santa Clara County's Rancho San Antonio Park, Canyon Oak Park and Little Rancho Park. The areas south and east of the Union Pacific Railroad include low to medium density residential development, mostly in the form of clustered residential, and develop- ment designed with residential hillside standards to ensure that the impacts to are limited. The neighborhood has access to limited services within walking distance including a small neighborhood center at the intersection of Stevens Creek and Foothill Boulevards. PA-20 CHAPTER 2 Planning Areas Vision The Oak Valley neighborhood will continue to be primarily a detached, single-family residential area. The area is fully developed, but there may be limited growth at The Forum and Gate of Heaven sites. No other land use changes are anticipated in this area. Development intensity in the detached single-family resi- dential portion is governed by a development agreement that includes a use permit and other approvals. These approvals describe development areas, intensity and styles of development, public park dedication, tree protec- tion, access and historic preservation. The theme of the approvals is to balance development with environmental protection by clustering development, setting it back from sensitive environmental areas and preserving large areas in permanent open space. Neighborhood connections and safe routes to Stevens Creek Elementary school on the east side of Foothill Boulevard will be enhanced with bike and pedestrian-friendly improvements along Foothill Boulevard and its key intersections. PA21 COMMUNITY VISION 2040 City of Cupertino Creston-Pharlap Context The Creston-Pharlap neighborhood is a single-family residential area that includes the last remaining unincor- porated pocket within the Cupertino urban service area. The Creston portion was subdivided in the mid 1950s but has remained unincorporated. The surrounding Pharlap portion was generally subdivided between the mid 1950s to mid/late 1960s. This neighborhood is developed with single-family homes, including the Creston area which has been pre-zoned with a single-family designation. The Creston-Pharlap neighborhood is served by Stevens Creek Elementary School, Varian Park and Somerset Park. Also included in this neighborhood is the Sunny View Retirement Community, which is a residential care facility for the elderly that provides skilled nursing and independent liv- ing. Stevens Creek meanders through the neighborhood in a general north-south direction. This neighborhood is separated from the Oak Valley neighborhood by Foothill Boulevard. The Homestead Crossings neighborhood center and the neighborhood center at the corner of Stevens Creek Boulevard and Foothill Boulevard are located a short distance away and provide neighborhood serving uses. PA-22 CHAPTER 2 Planning Areas Vision The Creston-Pharlap area is largely developed and is antici- pated to maintain its single-family character. The Creston por- tion will ultimately be annexed into the City of Cupertino with a single-family zoning designation to reflect the existing uses, consistent with the surrounding Pharlap portion. Potential trail connections within the Creston-Pharlap neighborhood may be considered to create trail linkages with the existing and planned trail system in the area. While this neighborhood does not include services within its boundary, the neighbor- hood commercial center at the intersection of Foothill and Stevens Creek Boulevards is within walking and biking distance to the southern part of the neighborhood. Bike and pedestrian-friendly improvements along Foothill Boulevard and its intersections will help I enhance connections from the eh n a c neighborhood to services on the west side. PA-23 COMMUNITY VISION 2040 City of Cupertino Inspiration Heights Context The Inspiration Heights neighborhood is situated in the western foothills of Cupertino and offers uninterrupted vistas of the San Francisco Peninsula. The neighborhood is largely comprised of the undeveloped foothills along Cupertino's western and southern edge and extends north to Stevens Creek Boulevard and east to Foothill Boulevard/ Stevens Canyon Road. Larger lot residential hillside homes are nestled along the foothills and accessed primarily via private drives. The Inspiration Heights foothills portion can be characterized as an environmentally sensitive area given the topography, vegetation, urban wildlife interface and proximity to two inferred earthquake faults. The lower ele- vation portions are more urbanized and consist of smaller lot and duplex developments closer to Stevens Creek and Foothill Boulevards, which provide a transition with the adjoining neighborhoods on the valley floor. Stevens Creek County Park and the Fremont Older space, operated by the Mid-Peninsula Open Space District, are located to the south and west of the neighborhood. The neighborhood is also served by Monta Vista Park, located along the west side of Foothill Boulevard, and two small neighborhood service centers (one at the intersection of Foothill Boulevard and Stevens Creek Boulevard and the other at the inter- section of Stevens Canyon Road and McClellan Road). Stevens Canyon Road is also a popular bicycle route for people accessingthe open space reserves throughh this neighborhood. PA-24 CHAPTER 2 Planning Areas Vision The Inspiration Heights neighborhood will continue to be a low-intensity and hillside residential area. The lower elevation areas are largely developed; however, there remains some limited development potential in the foot- hills. Cupertino's hillsides are an irreplaceable resource that provides important habitat for wildlife, recreational oppor- tunities for residents, and visual relief. Given the sensitive environmental conditions found in the hillsides, greater attention is needed in the review and consideration of any future development proposals within this neighborhood. Enhancing the bicycle and pedestrian environment along Foothill Boulevard and Stevens Canyon Road up to the southern edge of the city will help improve neighborhood connectivity to services as well as the environment for hikers and bikers who like to use the road to access open space areas to the south and west. PA-25 COMMUNITY VISION 2040 City of Cupertino Monta Vista North Context The Monta Vista North neighborhood is located in the western portion of Cupertino and is generally bounded by Stevens Creek Boulevard to the north, Regnart Creek/Road to the south, Foothill Boulevard to the west and Highway 85 to the east. This neighborhood is directly adjacent to the Monta Vista Village Special Area. The Monta Vista North neighborhood encompasses the tri-school area of Lincoln Elementary School, Kennedy Middle School and Monta Vista High School, and also includes community facilities such as Blackberry Farm, McClellan Ranch Preserve, Linda Vista Park and Stevens Creek County Park. Located directly to the south of this neighborhood in the unincorporated county is the Fremont Older Open Space Preserve, oper- ated by the Midpeninsula Open Space District. Stevens Creek meanders through the western portion of the neighborhood through Blackberry Farm Golf Course and the privately owned and operated Deep Cliff Golf Course. Both golf courses are depressed in elevation in relation to the surrounding residential homes and are therefore subject to flooding. A number of Cupertino's historic and commemorative sites are located in this neighborhood near Stevens Creek. A former quarry site is also located near the southwest portion of the neighborhood. Much of the neighborhood east of Stevens Creek is located along the valley floor; however, the topography in the southwestern portion of the neighborhood consists of steep slopes and hilly terrain. PA-26 CHAPTER 2 Planning Areas Vision The Monta Vista North neighborhood is largely built out with the exception of the former McDonald-Dorsa quarry site and an adjacent 42-acre property currently under the same ownership. A portion of this undeveloped land may be considered for limited future low-density residential development, which could include trails that would connect the City's recreational facilities (McClellan Ranch Preserve and Linda Vista Park) to Stevens Creek County Park and the Fremont Older Open Space Preserve. PA-27 COMMUNITY VISION 2040 City of Cupertino Monta Vista South Context The Monta Vista South neighborhood is located along the southern edge of Cupertino and is bounded by Regnart Road/Creek to the north, the City of Saratoga to the south across Prospect Road, the unincorporated County to the south and west, and Highway 85 and the City of San Jose to the east. The neighborhood can be divided into two general areas with very distinct characteristics. The west side of the Monta Vista South neighborhood is located in the southwestern foothills and zoned for residential hillside development. Lots in this area are primarily over one acre is size, in some instances up to 13 acres. The east side of the Monta Vista South neighborhood is located on the valley floor and is developed in a more traditional residential sub- division pattern with lots generally 6,000 square feet in size. Regnart Elementary School, Three Oaks Park and Hoover Park are located in the eastern portion of the Monta Vista South neighborhood. Also located at the southern edge of this neighborhood is the 37-acre Seven Springs Ranch that was listed on the California Register of Historic Places and determined eligible for the National Register in 2011. PA-28 IL CHAPTER 2 Planning Areas Vision The Monta Vista South neighborhood is envisioned to remain a residential area. There remains some limited subdivision potential within the residential hillsides, which would be subject to the City's hillside policies and standards. In the eastern portion of the neighborhood, no change is anticipated with the exception of the Seven Springs area at the south edge of Cupertino that may have potential for limited development. Given the historic designation of the Seven Springs Ranch property, any future development would be subject to compliance with the Secretary of Interior's Standards for Historic Resources. PA 29 COMMUNITY VISION 2040 City of Cupertino Homestead Villa Context The Homestead Villa neighborhood is located at the northern edge of Cupertino at the northwest quadrant of Interstate 280 and Highway 85. The City of Los Altos is located to the west and north of this neighborhood, across Homestead Road. Housing within this neighbor- hood includes a mixture of traditional single-family homes, clustered homesites, townhomes, condominiums and duplexes. The area does not contain any public parks or schools; however, there is a private school located near the northeast corner of the neighborhood. The neighborhood is served by West Valley Elementary School and Cupertino Middle School across Homestead Road to the north, and Homestead High School to the east. The neighborhood is also served by the Homestead Crossing neighborhood center which currently includes coffee shops, a sandwich shop, personal service uses and a bank. Also located directly adjacent on the west, within the City of Los Altos, is a neighborhood shopping center that currently includes a pharmacy and specialty grocery store. PA-30 CHAPTER 2 Planning Areas Vision The Homestead Villa neighborhood is largely developed and is not anticipated to change in character. A trail along Foothill Boulevard is identified in the General Plan as a proposed trail linkage that will connect to Stevens Creek in Mountain View and points north. Bicycle and pedestrian improvements along Homestead Road will help the neigh- borhood connect to schools and services. SII PA-31 COMMUNITY VISION 2040 City of Cupertino Garden Gate Context The Garden Gate neighborhood is located in the central portion of Cupertino and is predominantly defined by single-family residential homes with pockets of duplexes and apartments, including the Villages of Cupertino apart- ment site. Bounded by Interstate 280, Mary Avenue, the Heart of the City Special Area and the North De Anza Special Area, this area is served by several amenities includ- ing shopping and employment opportunities along Stevens Creek and De Anza Boulevards, Garden Gate Elementary, Mary Avenue Dog Park, Memorial Park and the Quinlan Community Center. A substantial portion of the neighbor- hood was originally developed in the early 1950s and was in unincorporated Santa Clara County until it was annexed to Cupertino in 2001. The remaining neighborhood near Mary Avenue was developed in the late 1960s. There has been substantial redevelopment of existing homes in the neighborhood since the 1990s with varying architectural styles and building sizes. Lot sizes are generally larger than other single-family residential neighborhoods in other parts of the city. PA-32 CHAPTER 2 Planning Areas Vision The Garden Gate neighborhood will continue to be mainly a residential area. Existing single-family residences will con- tinue to develop in accordance with the R1 Ordinance, and there may be redevelopment of some existing apartment and duplex uses. No other land use changes are anticipated in this area. Bicycle and pedestrian-friendly improvements to Stelling Road will help strengthen connections to Quinlan Center and Memorial Park. PA 33 COMMUNITY VISION 2040 City of Cupertino Jollyman Context The Jollyman neighborhood is located in the central portion of Cupertino, south of Stevens Creek Boulevard. This area is predominantly defined by single-family residential homes and is generally located on the valley floor with minimal changes in grade. Bounded by Highway 85, Stevens Creek Boulevard and De Anza Boulevard, this area is served by several amenities including a large park and several churches along Stelling Road. McClellan Road is a major east-west corridor through the area. The McClellan Square Shopping Center, located in the South De Anza Special Area, includes grocery stores, pharmaceutical services and a variety of small restaurants and neighborhood serving uses. Housing types located in this neighborhood include fourplexes, townhomes and apartments. Jollyman Park and Faria Elementary School are also located in the Jollyman Neighborhood. PA-34 CHAPTER 2 Planning Areas Vision The Jollyman neighborhood will continue to be a residential area. It is anticipated that there may be limited residential growth in this area on sites that may be subdivided. No other changes are anticipated in this area. McClellan Road is a key school route and is envisioned to become a bicycle and pedestrian route to improve the east-west connection to connect neighborhoods to the east and west to the tri- school area. PA 35 COMMUNITY VISION 2040 City of Cupertino South Blaney Context The South Blaney neighborhood is located in the eastern portion of Cupertino, south of Stevens Creek Boulevard and east of De Anza Boulevard. This area is predominantly defined by single-family residential homes on the valley floor with minimal changes in grade. Bounded generally by Bollinger Road, Miller Road, De Anza Boulevard and Stevens Creek Boulevard, this area is served by several amenities including proximity to the Cupertino Library and two large parks: Wilson Park and Creekside Park. South Blaney Avenue is a major north-south corridor through the area. Two creeks run through this neighborhood. Regnart Creek has mainly a concrete channel and Calabazas Creek has a more natural channel. The De Anza Plaza Shopping Center, located in the South De Anza Special Area, includes a variety of small restaurants and neighborhood serving uses. Housing types located in this neighborhood include townhomes and duplexes that line Miller Avenue and Bollinger Road. Eaton Elementary School is also located in the South Blaney Neighborhood. PA-36 CHAPTER 2 Planning Areas Vision The South Blaney neighborhood will continue to be a residential area. It is anticipated that there may be limited residential growth in this area on sites that may be sub- divided or redeveloped with multi-family uses. No other changes are anticipated in this area. Enhancements to De Anza Boulevard, Blaney Avenue and Bollinger Road with a bicycle and pedestrian route will improve the north-south and east-west connections in this neighborhood. PA37 COMMUNITY VISION 2040 City of Cupertino North Blaney Context The North Blaney neighborhood is located in the eastern portion of Cupertino, north of Stevens Creek Boulevard and east of De Anza Boulevard. This area is predominantly defined by single-family residential homes is on the val- ley floor with minimal grade changes. Bounded generally by De Anza Boulevard, Highway 280, Stevens Creek Boulevard, and Perimeter Road, this area is served by amenities including Portal Park, which includes a number of recreational amenities such as a tot lot and a recreation building. The Junipero Serra drainage channel runs along the northern edge of the neighborhood along Interstate 280. North Blaney is a major north-south corridor through the area. The Portal Plaza Shopping Center, located in the Heart of the City Special Area, includes grocery facilities and a variety of neighborhood serving uses. Proximity to the Vallco Shopping Mall in the Heart of the City Special Area provides opportunities for shopping for this neigh- borhood within close walking distance. Housing types located in this neighborhood include duplexes, townhomes and apartments closer to the freeway. The North Blaney Neighborhood includes Collins Elementary School and Lawson Middle School. PA-38 CHAPTER 2 Planning Areas Vision The North Blaney neighborhood will continue to be mainly a residential area. It is anticipated that there may be limited residential growth in this area on sites that may be subdivided or redeveloped. No other land use changes are anticipated in this area. Bicycle and pedestrian enhance- ments to North Blaney Avenue will improve the north-south connection through the city. There is also a potential to improve the east-west pedestrian and bicycle connection along the Junipero Serra channel along Interstate 280. II� PA-39 COMMUNITY VISION 2040 City of Cupertino Rancho Rinconada Context The Rancho Rinconada neighborhood is located in the southeastern portion of Cupertino, bounded by Stevens Creek Boulevard, Tantau Avenue, Lawrence Expressway, Bollinger Road and the Fairgrove Neighborhood. This area is predominantly defined by single-family residential homes with some duplexes and apartments. The area is served by several amenities including shopping and employment opportunities along Stevens Creek Boulevard, Sterling Barnhart Park, Sedgwick Elementary School, Cupertino High School, Lutheran Church of Our Saviour, Bethel Lutheran Church and Saratoga Creek. The neighborhood was originally developed in the late 1940s/early 1950s and the majority of the neighborhood was in unincorporated Santa Clara County until it was annexed to Cupertino in 1999. There has been substantial redevelopment of existing homes in the neighborhood since the 1990s with varying architectural styles and building sizes. Lot sizes are generally smaller than other single-family residential neighborhoods in the city. This area is served by the newly constructed Sterling Barnhart Park at the eastern end of the neighborhood. In addition, the Rancho Rinconada Park and Recreation District operates a swim and recreation center at the southern end of the neighborhood, which are available to the residents of the Rancho Rinconada area. Neighborhood centers serving the area are along Stevens Creek Boulevard and Tantau Avenue to the north. PA-40 CHAPTER 2 Planning Areas Vision The Rancho Rinconada neighborhood will continue to be mainly a residential area. Existing single-family residences will continue to redevelop in accordance with the R1 Ordinance, and there may be redevelopment of some existing apartment and duplex uses. No other major land use changes are anticipated in this area. This area has the potential for a future park along the Saratoga/San Tomas Creek Trail west of Lawrence Expressway. PA-41 COMMUNITY VISION 2040 City of Cupertino x un " Fairgrove Context The Fairgrove neighborhood is located in the southeastern portion of Cupertino and includes the area bounded by Phil Lane to the north, Tantau Avenue to the east, Bollinger to the south, and Miller Avenue to the west. The neighbor- The Fairgrove neighborhood has a very hood is zoned "R1 e-Eichler Single Family" and consists unique character, consisting of 2020 Eichler- of a group of distinct 220 Eichler homes built in the early designed homes 1960s. Hyde Middle School is located within the Fairgrove neighborhood. Vision The Fairgrove neighborhood will continue to be mainly a low density single-family residential area. The City will continue to encourage application of the Eichler Design Handbook Guidelines in the Fairgrove neighborhood to preserve the neighborhood's unique character and architec- tural identity. PA-42 - N� _ r sip1 1 �1 1 1 1 I � a 4p i Ie x w � I I y I iii �.. .� � � >,':.� ` '�ti ��` .•� .w _ _. dfk 7m �)M=46 A --1 — A Chapter 3 LAND USE AND COMMUNITY DESIGN ELEMENT CHAPTER 3 Land Use and Community Design Element INTRODUCTION CONTENTS The Land Use and Community Design Element is the Introduction keystone of Community Vision 2040. It unifies and informs LU-4 Context the other Elements by providing an overall policy context Development Hist for future physical change. It deals with the issues of future Land Use - • Transportation growth and helps define the desired balance among social, Preservation, environmental and economic considerations, while enhanc- Hillsides ing quality of life in the community. Neighborhood Preservation l Land Use As Cupertino implements Community Vision 2040, it . . aspires to preserve and enhance the distinct character of ,•_ •• Demographics each planning area to create a vibrant community with invit- Climate Action Plan and ing streets and public spaces, preserved, connected and Sustainable Development walkable - - walkable neighborhoods, exceptional parks and community Principles Economic services, and a vibrant economy with a strong tax base. Citywide Growth and Community Benefits This - - This Element includes goals, policies and strategies thatLooking provide direction on land use and design principles that will LU-1 3 C2wide Goals and shape future change in Cupertino. In turn, each of the other Po icies Balanced Community Elements in Community Vision 2040 support the land use Community Identity design assumptions included in this Element. Streetscape Design Connectivity Historic Preservation Arts and Culture Economic Development and Fiscal a -• • Cooperation Coordination Access Facilities and Services Hillsides LU-45 Planning Areas Goals nd Policies •Special Neighborhoods LU-3 COMMUNITY VISION 2040 City of Cupertino CONTEXT Development History Cupertino was incorporated in 1955 and grew from a lightly settled agricultural community of 2,500 people into a mostly suburban community during Silicon Valley's expansion from the 1960s through the 1980s. Cupertino's attractive natural setting and close proximity to employment centers and regional transportation networks makes it a highly desirable place to live. Land Use and Transportation Patterns Cupertino's land use pattern was largely built on a conven- tional suburban model, with predominantly single-family residential subdivisions and distinct commercial and employment centers. This development pattern was also heavily influenced by the topography of the area, with more intensive growth located on the valley floor and lower design residential on the foothills. The western area by the foothills is semi-rural with steep terrain, larger residential lots and access to open space. The pattern becomes more suburban immediately west of Highway 85 where residential neighborhoods have a more uniform pattern with smaller lots and older commercial and industrial areas along Stevens Creek Boulevard and Bubb Road. The land use pattern becomes more urban east of Highway 85, with a relatively connected street grid and commercial develop- ment along major boulevards such as Stevens Creek, De Anza, Homestead, Stelling and Wolfe. This area also has significant amounts of multi-family development in and around the major boulevards. The suburban pattern is also reflected in building locations, with most of the older buildings set back from the street with parking lots in the front. Streets have also been histori- cally widened to accommodate larger volumes of traffic, often to the detriment of other forms of transportation such as walking, biking and transit. In the last 20 years, the City LU-4 CHAPTER 3 Land Use and Community Design Element has made strides towards improving walkability and bike- ability by retrofitting existing streets to include bike lanes; creating sidewalks lined with trees along major boulevards; and encouraging development to provide a more pedestri- an-oriented frontage with active uses, gathering places and entries lining the street. As the City seeks to implement sustainability and com- munity health objectives, future growth and retrofitting of existing infrastructure will create vibrant mixed-use, commercial, employment and neighborhood centers; pedestrian-oriented and walkable spaces for the community to gather; and distinct and connected neighborhoods with easy walkable and bikeable access to services, including schools, parks and shopping. Historic Preservation The Cupertino area was originally settled by the Ohlone Indians, who lived in the Rancho San Antonio area for over 3,000 years. In 1776 the area was explored by Spanish soldiers during an expedition let by Colonel Juan Batista De Anza. The area was later settled by European immi- grants who established farms on the valley's fertile land and enjoyed a thriving agricultural economy. In the late nineteenth century, the village of Cupertino sprang up at the crossroads of Saratoga-Sunnyvale Road (De Anza Boulevard) and Stevens Creek Road. It was first known as the West Side. However, by 1898 the post office at the Crossroads needed a new name to distinguish it from other similarly named towns. The name "Cupertino" came from a local creek and winery owned by John T. Doyle, a San Francisco lawyer and historian. In 1904, the Cupertino name was officially applied to the Crossroads post office. At the same time, the Home Union Store at the Crossroads location was renamed the Cupertino Store and moved to the northeast corner of the Crossroads. LU-5 COMMUNITY VISION 2040 City of Cupertino Many of Cupertino's pioneer settlers planted vineyards and wineries proliferated on Montebello Ridge, on the lower foothills, and on the flat lands below. The valley, which flourished with orchards, became known as "Valley of the Heart's Delight" and was visited by tourists who came by electric railway and later by rail car. In the late 1940s, Cupertino was swept up in Santa Clara Valley's postwar population explosion. In 1954, Cupertino's leaders began a drive for incorporation due to concerns related to unplanned development, higher taxes and piece- meal annexations by other cities. In 1955, the incorporation was approved by an election on September 27, 1955. Cupertino became Santa Clara County's thirteenth City on October 10, 1955. Today, Cupertino is part of Silicon Valley, home to major world-renowned companies in the high technology sector. Hillsides Cupertino's hillsides are an irreplaceable resource shared by the entire Santa Clara Valley. They provide important habi- tat for plants and wildlife; watershed capacity to prevent flooding in downstream areas; a wide vegetative belt that cleanses the air of pollutants; creates recreational opportu- nities for residents; and a natural environment that provides a contrast to the built environment. The City balances the needs of property owners in hillside areas with those of the environment and the community by allowing low-intensity residential and other uses in these areas, while requiring preservation of natural habitat and riparian corridors when selecting building sites. Neighborhood Preservation Cupertino is a city with diverse and unique neighborhoods that vary in character and composition. As Cupertino matures, the city must continue to look at preserving and LU 6 CHAPTER 3 Land Use and Community Design Element enhancing its built environment. Cupertino's vision is to preserve the distinct character of neighborhoods; provide Priority Development Areas walking and biking connections to services including parks, In 2008, ABAG and the MTC schools and shopping; and revitalize neighborhood centers created a regional initiative as community gathering places. The City will welcome to allow local governments to citizens as partners in making sure that their neighborhoods identify Priority Development are the kind in which they want to live in the future. Areas (PDAs). PDAs are areas Regional Land Use Planning where new development will support the day-to-day needs The Sustainable Communities and Climate Protection Act of of residents and workers in a 2008 (SB 375) calls on each of the State's 18 metropolitan pedestrian-friendly environment areas to develop a Sustainable Communities Strategy (SCS) served by transit. While PDAs to accommodate future population growth and reduce were originally established to greenhouse gas emissions from cars and light trucks. Plan address housing needs in infill Bay Area, jointly adopted in 2013 by the Association of communities, they have been Bay Area Governments (ABAG) and the Metropolitan broadened to advance focused Transportation Commission (MTC), is the region's first employment growth. PDAs are Sustainable Communities Strategy to meet the require- critical components for imple- ments of SB 375 through the year 2040. menting the region's proposed Plan Bay Area anticipates that the Bay Area's population will long term growth strategy. The grow from about 7 million today to approximately 9 million level of growth in each PDA by 2040 with employment growth of about 1.1 million jobs. reflects its role in achieving The Plan provides a strategy for meeting 80 percent of the regional objectives and how it region's future housing needs in Priority Development Areas fits into locally designated prior- (PDAs). These are neighborhoods within walking distance of ity growth plans. Cupertino's frequent transit service, offering a wide variety of housing PDA area includes properties options, and featuring amenities such as grocery stores, within a quarter mile of Stevens community centers and restaurants. Creek Boulevard from Highway 85 to its eastern border and a Cupertino's Demographics portion of North and South De Cupertino's population has grown from 3,664 in 1960 to Anza Boulevards. over 58,000 in 2010 per the U.S. Census Bureau. Most of the population growth has been from annexation of areas into the city and from tract development during the 1970s and 1980s. The city's population is projected to grow to COMMUNITY VISION 2040 City of Cupertino 66,110 by 2040 (Plan Bay Area, 2013). The diversity of its population has grown and changed over the years. In 1960, 94 percent of the population was white while only 6 percent of the population comprised of other races per the U.S. Census. This statistic held fairly steady until 1980 when the population of whites steadily started to decline with only 91 percent being white. By 1990, the population of whites had plunged to 74 percent and the Asian population had increased to 23 percent. In the following decade, the white population continued to decline steadily to 50 percent, while Asian population stood at 44 percent. By 2010 the Asian population in Cupertino accounted for almost two thirds of the population (63 percent). A sizeable portion of the City's 2010 population, almost 50 percent are foreign born while only seven percent of the 1960 population was foreign born; indicating a large immigrant population. The population of Cupertino is also growing older. Per the 1970 census, the median age in the city was 26. The 2010 census reveals that the median age in Cupertino has increased to 39.9. In 1970, only three percent of the population was 65 years or over in age; however, the 2010 census indicates that 12.5 percent of the population is 65 years or over. With the changing demographic and ethnic values, hous- ing needs are changing as more immigrant families care for parents in their homes, younger workers look for more affordable housing, close to services and employment, and the older generation looks to downsize from their single- family homes into smaller, single-level homes within walking distance to shopping and entertainment. Climate Action Plan and Sustainable Development Principles A major challenge today is meeting the energy needs of a growing population while protecting the environment and natural resources. The Global Warming Solutions Act of LU-8 CHAPTER 3 Land Use and Community Design Element 2006 (AB 32) and Executive Order S-3-05 set a target to reduce California's greenhouse gas emissions to 1990 levels by year 2020 and by 80 percent below the 1990 levels by year 2050. The City is in the process of completing its Climate Action Plan (CAP), which aims to achieve statewide and Bay Area emissions reduction targets. The CAP is based on 2040 growth projections for Cupertino and identifies policies and strategies to reduce greenhouse gas emissions at a municipal and community-wide level. Similar to most neighboring cities, Cupertino has historically had an imbalance of land uses (housing, services and jobs) with a roadway infrastructure primarily dedicated to the automobile. When this imbalance is multiplied at a regional level, there are regional consequences including, traffic congestion, high housing costs, increased air pollution and lack of accessibility for the young, elderly and disabled. Economic Vitality Cupertino is fortunate in its location in the heart of Silicon Valley. Despite its mostly suburban characteristics to the west and south, the city is home to a number of small, medium and large software, technology and biomedical companies. Community Vision 2040 includes more office growth to support a strong fiscal revenues and a stable tax base. In particular, policies focus on retaining and increasing the number of small, medium and major businesses in key sectors and provide flexible space for innovative startups that need non-traditional office environment. Policies for commercial areas seek to revitalize the Vallco Shopping District, and enhance commercial centers and neighbor- hood centers, which contribute to the City's tax base and serve community needs. LU-9 COMMUNITY VISION 2040 City of Cupertino Citywide Growth and Community Benefits Cupertino's Community Benefit Program provides the city with important community benefits, such as new parks and public gathering places, civic facilities, land or space for public agencies, senior housing, cultural facilities, and pub- lic realm and environmental enhancements. These benefits contribute to the quality of life and general livability of our city. In addition, funds (cash-in-lieu contributions) can be set aside for the future provision of community amenities and affordable and/or special needs housing. The Community Benefit Program enables the community to get amenities in return for allowing additional specified heights within key nodes and gateways along major cor- ridors. On the other hand, it also provides certainty to the community as to what those additional heights might be and where they can be placed. In doing so, the Program plays a key role in serving our growing community. As Cupertino's resident and worker population increase, additional amenities will be necessary to maintain and improve the livability of the community. The Community Benefit Program is one of the key tools the City will use to help finance and achieve those amenities that maintain and increase our quality of life. Specifics about the Community Benefits Program elements are described later in this Element. LU-10 CHAPTER 3 Land Use and Community Design Element LOOKING FORWARD Maintaining and enhancing Cupertino's great quality of life is the keystone of Community Vision 2040. The City will look towards focusing future change within Special Areas that are located on Cupertino's major mixed-use corridors. These areas already have a mix of commercial, office, hotel and residential uses, and are located along roadways that will be enhanced with "Complete Streets" features (see Mobility Element), improved landscaping and expanded public spaces (e.g., parks and plazas). In turn, the City will also protect and enhance Neighborhoods throughout Cupertino to ensure these largely residential areas continue to support the community's great quality of life. As we look forward, the following are ways the City will address key challenges and opportunities facing Cupertino: 1. Planning for changing demographics. The City needs to plan not only for existing families which form a larger percentage of our population, but also for the growing demographic of seniors and younger workers through new housing, services, shopping, entertainment and community facilities. 2. Local and regional land use planning and collabo- ration. The City will take an active part in regional collaborative planning processes related to housing, transportation, sustainability, health, transportation and infrastructure financing in order to ensure local land use and transportation decisions are coordinated with regional efforts. 3. Integrating community health into land use planning. The City will enhance and improve health of people who live and work in our community. This includes integrating land use and transportation networks to reduce reliance on auto usage and improving alterna- tive choices for transportation by focusing growth and LU 11 COMMUNITY VISION 2040 City of Cupertino change in corridors that support all modes of transit, providing neighborhoods with easy access to schools, parks and neighborhood centers. 4. Land use and economics. The City will look to diversify the City's tax base, support and retain existing busi- nesses, increase the vitality of aging commercial centers with redevelopment, seek to diversify shopping oppor- tunities so that the community has the opportunity to satisfy their shopping needs within Cupertino. 5. Urban design, form and character. The City will seek high-quality development to achieve desired physical environment in Planning Areas, including walkable, connected neighborhoods, inviting streets that allow for different modes of transportation, and vibrant and walkable special areas, and neighborhood centers in keeping with Community Vision 2040. 6. Preservation of natural environment and hillsides. Cupertino is blessed with an abundance of natural resources, including hillsides, creek corridors, and sensi- tive animal and plant habitats along the foothills. Much of this land is preserved in low-intensity residential and agricultural uses or open space. As redevelopment occurs, the City will strive to preserve these natural areas through land use and building design decisions. 7. Economic Vitality and Fiscal Stability. As Cupertino's population grows and ages, demands on commu- nity resources will increase. In order to maintain and enhance the community's quality of life, the City will ensure that existing businesses are encouraged to rein- vest and grow in Cupertino, and that the city continues to attract new businesses and investment. LU- 12 CHAPTER 3 Land Use and Community Design Element CITYWIDE GOALS AND POLICIES Balanced Community The City seeks to balance future growth and development in order create a more complete community. This includes ensuring a mix of land uses that support economic, social and cultural goals in order to preserve and enhance Cupertino's great quality of life. GOAL LU-1 CREATE A BALANCED COMMUNITY WITH A MIX OF SUPPORTS COMPLETEALL MODES OF TRANSPORTATION, C • ' ••D COMMUNITYHEALTHY Policy LU-1.1: Land Use and Transportation Focus higher land use intensities and densities within a half-mile of public transit service, and along major corridors. Policy LU-1.2: Development Allocation Maintain and update the development allocation table (Table LU-1) to ensure that the allocations for various land uses adequately meet city goals. Strategy LU-1.2.1: Planning Area Allocations. Development allocations are assigned for various Planning Areas. However, some flexibility may be allowed for transferring allocations among Planning Areas provided no significant environmental impacts are identified beyond those already studied in the Environmental Impact Report (EIR) for Community Vision 2040. COMMUNITY VISION 2040 City of Cupertino DEVELOPMENT'TABLE LU-1 CITYWIDE • •N BETWEEN 2014-2040 Commercial(s.f.) Off ice(s.f.) Hotel(rooms) Residential(units) BuildoutCurrent Buildout Available Current Buildout Available Current Buildout Available Current Built Built Built Built . 10,2314 - Heart of the City 1,351,730 2,145,000 793,270 2,447,500 2,464,613 17,113 404 526 122 1,336 1,805 469 Vallco Shopping 1,207,774 1,207,774 - 2,000,000 2,000,000 148 339 191 - 389 389 District** Homestead 291,408 291,408 69,550 69,550 - 126, 126 600 750 150 N.De Anza 56,708 56,708 2,081,021 2,081,021 123 123 49 146 97 N.Vallco 133,147 133,147 3,069,676 3,069,676 315 315 554 1,154 600 S.De Anza 352,283 352,283 130,708 130,708 6 6 - Bubb - - 444,753 444,753 _ _ - Morita Vista 94,051 99,698 5,647 443,140 456,735 13,595 828 878 50 Village Other 144,964 144,964 - 119,896 119,896 - 18,039 18,166 127 Major - - 109,935 633,053 523,118 - - - _ _ _ Employers Citywide 3,632,065 4,430,982 798,917 8,916,179 11,470,005 2,553,826 1,116 1,429 313 21,412 23,294 1,882 **Buildout totals for Office and Residential allocation within the Vallco Shopping District are contingent upon a Specific Plan being adopted for this area by May 31,2018.If a Specific Plan is not adopted by that date,City will consider the removal of the Office and Residential allocations for Vallco Shopping District.See the Housing Element(Chapter 4)for additional information and requirements within the Vallco Shopping District. CHAPTER 3 Land Use and Community Design Element Strategy LU-1.2.2: Major Employers. Reserve a develop- ment allocation for major companies with sales office and corporate headquarters in Cupertino. Prioritize expansion of office space for existing major companies. New office development must demonstrate that the development posi- tively contributes to the fiscal well-being of the city. Strategy LU-1.2.3: Unused Development Allocation. Unused development allocations may be re-assigned to the citywide allocation table per Planning Area, when develop- ment agreements and development permits expire. Strategy LU-1.2.4: Neighborhood Allocation. Allocate residential units in neighborhoods through the building per- mit process unless subdivision or development applications are required. Policy LU-1.3: Community Benefits Program At the discretion of the City Council, additional heights over the base height standard in gateways and nodes may be approved up to the maximum heights as shown in the General Plan Community Form Diagram (Figure LU-1 of the General Plan) in conformance with the Community Benefits Program. Strategy LU-1.3.1: Amendment. Update the General Plan, Zoning Code and applicable Specific and Conceptual Plans to codify the provisions of the Community Benefit Program. Strategy LU-1.3.2: Retail Component. The retail com- ponent in the Community Benefit Program shall be the predominant use along the ground floor street frontage (for public or private streets), and shall be of sufficient depth and height to create a viable retail space(s). Strategy LU-1.3.3: Development Agreement. Offers of Community Benefit must be above and beyond project design elements and on-site or off-site contributions required as part of project environmental mitigations LU- 15 COMMUNITY VISION 2040 City of Cupertino or Federal, State or local requirements as part of the standard entitlement process. The details and conditions of the Community Benefit will be achieved through the Community Benefits Program and will be formalized through a Development Agreement. Policy LU-1.4: Land Use in all Citywide Mixed-Use Districts Encourage land uses that support the activity and character of mixed-use districts and economic goals. Strategy LU-1.4.1: Commercial and Residential Uses. Review the placement of commercial and residential uses based on the following criteria: 1. All mixed-use areas with commercial zoning will require retail as a substantial component. The North De Anza Special Area is an exception. 2. All mixed-use residential projects should be designed on the "mixed-use village" concept discussed earlier in this Element. 3. On sites with a mixed-use residential designation, resi- dential is a permitted use only on Housing Element sites and in the Monta Vista Village Special Area. 4. Conditional use permits will be required on mixed-use Housing Element sites that propose units above the allocation in the Housing Element, and on non-Housing Element mixed-use sites. Strategy LU-1.4.2: Public and Quasi-Public Uses. Review the placement of public and quasi-public activities in lim- ited areas in mixed-use commercial and office zones when the following criteria are met: 1. The proposed use is generally in keeping with the goals for the Planning Area, has similar patterns of traffic, LU-16 CHAPTER 3 Land Use and Community Design Element population or circulation of uses with the area and does not disrupt the operations of existing uses. 2. The building form is similar to buildings in the area (commercial or office forms). In commercial areas, the building should maintain a commercial interface by providing retail activity, storefront appearance or other design considerations in keeping with the goals of the Planning Area. Policy LU-1.5: Parcel Assembly Encourage parcel assembly and discourage parcelization to ensure that infill development meets City standards and provides adequate buffers to neighborhoods. Policy LU-1.6: Community Health through Land Use Promote community health through land use and design. LU-17 Figure LU-1 Community Form Diagram Stalling GatNorth Ds Anza Gateway 44.�.... - 9 ewa y Muimum Residential Density g9 West of Stelling Rd 35 units per acre r'i#ll • • See Homestead Special Area Maximum Haight North Vallco Gateway Maximum Residential Density East of Stelling Rd 45 feet West of Wolfe Rd Up to 35 units per acre Maximum Residantlel Density Maximum Residential Density Maximum Height ]5 imus per acre HOMESTEAD 2S unit per acre 30 feet,a 45(set ...an o..�..,=nal sn. Mexirmrm HegM y � Maximum Height 45 feet 60 feet North '• _ r East of R-i Rd APPIa 25 ,its p Residential Densky I Campus 1 2S units per a Maximum Residential Density a ! -+� ' u ' M""",Height 25 units per acre I _ L f.,�t b ge itdmgsulorated within SO lest of the Maximum HeightdA.eabb tdnApple Campus 2 site 60 feet /�l/ ` \ JJL .rAl—t.,read a 60 feel) Oaks Gateway Maxim—R,"ntid Density m Maximum Residential Density Sum"f.,acw 25 or 35(sown v ural units per sae Mad—Ht ighl W Maximum Haight 45 feet 45 feet,or 30 where designated by hatched line \\ _ _ South Vallco Park Maximum Residential Density �..: 35 units per acre ' 0�, Mexlmum Height NorthD- Anza SArea pecial 4s fear,or eo ee.t withretaa Maximum Residential Density // / = 25 units per acre j '�' -r L. Maximum Height 45 feet / City Canter Node — 1 Maxiaeaa Reeldentid Density Maximum Residential Density /� 25 units par aria I If 25 rnarh nreWen Inr s-tsr,oarhass upas per acre North Crossroads Node Mseia.aa Height s^' p a Maximssrw Reskkntial Dereity 45(eat or r exating for exietng buildings Maximum Height y/ 25 unit per etre rIL 30 feet //// �% CHAPTER 3 Land Use and Community Design Element Mixed-Use Urban Villages Many of the City's Housing Element sites are located in major corridors to reduce traffic and environmental impacts and preserve neighborhoods (Figure LU-1). Housing Element sites, which are further identified and defined in the Housing Element, represent the City's priority for resi- dential development. Residential uses on sites with mixed-use zoning should be designed on the "mixed-use village" concept discussed in below. 1. Parcel assembly. Parcel assembly of the site is required. Further parcelization is highly dis- couraged in order to preserve the site for redevelopment in the future. 2. Plan for Complete Redevelopment. A plan for complete redevelopment of the site is required in order to ensure that the site can meet development standards and provide appro- priate buffers. 3. "Mixed-Use Village" layout. An internal street grid with streets and alleys using "transect planning" (appropriate street and building types for each area), that is pedestrian-oriented, connects to existing streets, and creates walkable urban blocks for buildings and open space. 4. Uses. Include a substantial viable, retail component. Retail and active uses such as restaurants, outdoor dining, and entries are required along the ground floor of main street frontages. Mix of units for young professionals, couples and/or active seniors who like to live in an active "mixed-use village" environment. Office uses, if allowed, should provide active uses on the ground floor street frontage, including restaurants, entries, lobbies, etc. 5. Open space. Open space in the form of a central town square with additional plazas and "greens" for community gathering spaces, public art, and community events. The locations and sizes will depend on the size of the site. 6. Architecture and urban design. Buildings should have high-quality, pedestrian-oriented archi- tecture, and an emphasis on aesthetics, human scale, and creating a sense of place. 7. Parking. Parking in surface lots shall be located to the side or rear of buildings. Underground parking under buildings is preferred. Above grade structures shall not be located along major street frontages. In cases, where above-grade structures are allowed along internal street frontages, they shall be lined with retail, entries and active uses on the ground floor. All park- ing structures should be designed to be architecturally compatible with a high-quality "town center" environment. 8. Neighborhood buffers. Setbacks, landscaping and/or building transitions to buffer abutting single-family residential areas. COMMUNITY VISION 2040 City of Cupertino Neighborhood Commercial Centers Neighborhood Commercial Centers serve adjacent neighborhoods and provide shopping and gath- ering places for residents. Retaining and enhancing neighborhood centers within and adjacent to neighborhoods throughout Cupertino supports the City's goals for walkability, sustainability and creat- ing gathering places for people. Figure LU-1 shows the location of the Neighborhood Commercial Centers in Cupertino. The Guiding Principles of sustainability and health in Community Vision 2040 support the retention and enhancement of neighborhood centers throughout the community, and providing pedestrian and bike connections to them from neighborhoods. Mixed-residential use may be considered if it promotes revitalization of retail uses, creation of new gathering spaces, and parcel assembly. Housing Element sites represent the City's priority for residential development. Residential uses should be designed on the "mixed-use village" concept discussed in this Element. LU-20 COMMUNITY VISION 2040 City of Cupertino V Community Identity The City will seek to promote community identity and R: design consistency through the development review pro- cess and infrastructure master plans. GOAL LU-2 ENSURE THAT BUILDINGS, SIDEWALKS, STREETS AND PUBLIC SPACES ARE COORDINATED TO Figure LU-2: Gateways ENHANCE COMMUNITY IDENTITY AND CHARACTER Policy LU-2.1: Gateways Implement a gateway plan for the city's entry points (Figure LU-2) and identify locations and design guidelines for gate- way features. Look for opportunities to reflect the gateway concept when properties adjacent to defined gateways are redeveloped. Policy LU-2.2: Pedestrian-Oriented Public Spaces Require developments to incorporate pedestrian-scaled elements along the street and within the development such as parks, plazas, active uses along the street, active uses, entries, outdoor dining and public art. LU-22 CHAPTER 3 Land Use and Community Design Element Site and Building Design The City will seek to ensure that the site and building design of new projects enhance the public realm (e.g., streets, parks, plazas and open space areas) and that there is a focus on integrating connections to adjacent neighbor- hoods, where appropriate. GOAL LU-3 PROJECTENSURE THAT BUILDINGPLANNING AND INTEGRATEENHANCE THE PUBLIC REALM AND ADJACENT NEIGHBORHOODS Policy LU-3.1: Site Planning Ensure that project sites are planned appropriately to cre- ate a network of connected internal streets that improve pedestrian and bicycle access, provide public open space and building layouts that support city goals related to streetscape character for various Planning Areas and corridors. Policy LU-3.2: Building Heights and Setback Ratios Maximum heights and setback ratios are specified in Figure LU-1. As indicated in the figure, taller heights are focused on major corridors, gateways and nodes. Setback ratios are established to ensure that the desired relationship of build- ings to the street is achieved. Where additional heights above the base height are allowed, the Community Benefits Program provides direction on requirements and the pro- cess of how additional height may be allocated. LU-23 COMMUNITY VISION 2040 City of Cupertino Policy LU-3.3: Building Design Ensure that building layouts and design are compatible with the surrounding environment and enhance the streetscape and pedestrian activity. Strategy LU-3.3.1: Attractive Design. Emphasize attrac- tive building and site design by paying careful attention to building scale, mass, placement, architecture, materials, landscaping, screening of equipment, loading areas, sig- nage and other design considerations. Strategy LU-3.3.2: Mass and Scale. Ensure that the scale and interrelationships of new and old development comple- ment each other. Buildings should be grouped to create a feeling of spatial unity. Strategy LU-3.3.3: Transitions. Buildings should be designed to avoid abrupt transitions with existing devel- opment, whether they are adjacent or across the street. Consider reduced heights, buffers and/or landscaping to transition to residential and/or low-intensity uses in order to reduce visual and privacy impacts. Strategy LU-3.3.4: Compatibility. Ensure that the floor area ratios of multi-family residential developments are compatible with buildings in the surrounding area. Include a mix of unit types and avoid excessively large units. Strategy LU-3.3.5: Building Location. Encourage build- ing location and entries closer to the street while meeting appropriate landscaping and setback requirements. Strategy LU-3.3.6: Architecture and Articulation. Promote high-quality architecture, appropriate building articulation and use of special materials and architectural detailing to enhance visual interest. Strategy LU-3.3.7: Street Interface. Ensure development enhances pedestrian activity by providing active uses along LU-24 CHAPTER 3 Land Use and Community Design Element a majority of the building frontage facing the street. Mixed- use development should include retail, restaurant, outdoor dining, main entries, etc. Residential development should include main entrances, lobbies, front stoops and porches, open space and other similar features. Strategy LU-3.3.8: Drive-up Services. Allow drive-up service facilities only when adequate circulation, parking, noise control, architectural features and landscaping are compatible with the expectations of the Planning Area, and when residential areas are visually buffered. Prohibit drive- up services in areas where pedestrian-oriented activity and design are highly encouraged, such as Heart of the City, North De Anza Boulevard, Monta Vista Village and neigh- borhood centers. Strategy LU-3.3.9: Specific and Conceptual Plans. Maintain and update Specific/Conceptual plans and design guidelines for Special Areas such as Heart of the City, Crossroads, Homestead Corridor, Vallco Shopping District, North and South De Anza corridors and Monta Vista Village. Strategy LU-3.3.10: Entrances. In multi-family projects where residential uses may front on streets, require pedes- trian-scaled elements such as entries, stoops and porches along the street. Policy LU-3.4: Parking In surface lots, parking arrangements should be based on the successful operation of buildings; however, parking to the side or rear of buildings is desirable. No visible garages shall be permitted along the street frontage. Above grade structures shall not be located along street frontages and shall be lined with active uses on the ground floor on inter- nal street frontages. Subsurface/deck parking is allowed provided it is adequately screened from the street and/or adjacent residential development. LU-25 COMMUNITY VISION 2040 City of Cupertino Streetscape Design The City will seek to improve streetscapes throughout Cupertino with attractive landscaping, and complete and safe sidewalks. GOAL LU-4 "PROMOTE THE UNIQUECHARACTER OF PLANNING AREAS AND GOALSTHE • ' COMMUNITY CHARACTER, CONNECTIVITY AND Ni COMPLETE STREETS . A. DESIGN Policy LU-4.1: Street and Sidewalks Ensure that the design of streets, sidewalks and pedestrian and bicycle amenities are consistent with the vision for each Planning Area and Complete Streets policies. Policy LU-4.2: Street Trees and Landscaping Ensure that tree planting and landscaping along streets visually enhances the streetscape and is consistent for the vision for each Planning Area (Special Areas and Neighborhoods): 1. Maximize street tree planting along arterial street front- ages between buildings and/or parking lots. 2. Provide enhanced landscaping at the corners of all arte- rial intersections. 3. Enhance major arterials and connectors with landscaped medians to enhance their visual character and serve as traffic calming devices. 4. Develop uniform tree planting plans for arterials, con- nectors and neighborhood streets consistent with the vision for the Planning Area. LU-26 CHAPTER 3 Land Use and Community Design Element 5. Landscape urban areas with formal planting arrangements. b. Provide a transition to rural and semi-rural areas in the city, generally west of Highway 85, with informal planting. Connectivity The City will ensure that employment centers and neighbor- hoods have access to desired and convenient amenities, such as local retail and services. GOAL LU-5 ENSURE • CENTERS AND NEIGHBORHOODS HAVE ACCESS TO LOCAL AND SERVICES WITHIN WALKING OR BICYCLING DISTANCE Policy LU-5.1: Neighborhood Centers Retain and enhance local neighborhood shopping centers and improve pedestrian and bicycle access to neighbor- hoods to improve access to goods and services. Policy LU-5.2: Mixed-Use Villages Where housing is allowed along major corridors or neigh- borhood commercial areas, development should promote mixed-use villages with active ground-floor uses and public space. The development should help create an inviting pedestrian environment and activity center that can serve adjoining neighborhoods and businesses. LU-27 COMMUNITY VISION 2040 City of Cupertino Policy LU-5.3: Enhance Connections Look for opportunities to enhance publicly-accessible pedestrian and bicycle connections with new development or redevelopment. Historic Preservation Cupertino has a rich and varied cultural history; however, only a few historic buildings and resources are preserved today. The City seeks to encourage preservation of these precious historic resources and encourage their enhance- ment in the future. GOAL LU-6 PRESERVE PROTECT HISTORIC ' RESOURCES Policy LU-6.1: Historic Preservation Maintain and update an inventory of historically significant structures and sites in order to protect resources and promote awareness of the city's history in the following four categories: Historic Sites, Commemorative Sites, Community Landmarks and Historic Mention Sites (Figure LU-5). Policy LU-6.2: Historic Sites Projects on Historic Sites shall meet the Secretary of Interior Standards for Treatment of Historic Properties. LU-28 CHAPTER 3 Land Use and Community Design Element Figure LU-5 Historic Resources Los Altos Sunnyvale L J NorEsrFr,D �:. ,� ` Santa Clara m = s _ n it STEVENS CPEEK BLVD a, � 8y ,.1� r g0 seCInIAN ,✓ ® �\ ROAD 4� ! r Qo BOLIINGEP FD C 1�/Z M e ~ ----• t �I San Jose " i West �, i �,: © , Legend r ' B w D— City Boundary Heart of the City Boundary n^ --- Urban Service Area Boundary�?© 5tmrsCrteF ` ----_ �° '.. GBOSPECT KORD Sphere of Influence-— ""�� Boundary Agreement Line : c Unincorporated Areas �- 1 • Saratoga . a / 0 0.5 7 Mile 0 1000 2000 3000 Feet 0 500 1000 Meters Historic Sites Commemorative Sites Community Landmarks 0 Mar knoll Seminar e Anza no Y Y e DAKnoll 13 Hanson Permanente © Snyder Hammond House © Doyle Winery Y Monta Vista Neighborhood "Cupertino Wine Company" © De La Vega Tack House © Cupertino Historical Museum Stocklmeir Farmhouse 0 Baer Blacksmith �+ Memorial Park Community Center,Sports Complex Elisha Stephens Place © Enoch J.Parrish Tank House © De Anza College Arroyo De San Joseph Cupertino Q Nathan Hall Tank House eDe Anza Industrial Park Hazel Goldstone Variety Store OGazebo Trim © Cupertino civic center QUnion Church of Cupertino Woelffel Cannery© Vallco Shopping District Engles Grocery"Paul and Eddies" Q Old Collins School a Vallco Industrial Park Apple One Building AD Miller House Glendenning Barn Baldwin Winery ® McClellan Ranch Barn Le Petit Trianonand Guest Cottages Sites of Historic Mention Seven Springs Ranch � Interim City Hall (outside cityjurisdicition) City of Cupertino Crossroads 0 Montebello School,1892 St.Joseph's Church © Perrone Ranch Stone Cellar, now part of Ridge Vineyards Picchetti Brothers Winery and Ranch 0 Woodhills Estate _U-29 COMMUNITY VISION 2040 City of Cupertino Policy LU-6.3: Historic Sites, Commemorative Sites and Community Landmarks Projects on Historic Sites, Commemorative Sites and Community Landmarks shall provide a plaque, reader board and/or other educational tools on the site to explain the historic significance of the resource. The plaque shall include the city seal, name of resource, date it was built, a written description and photograph. The plaque shall be placed in a location where the public can view the information. Policy LU-6.4: Public Access Coordinate with property owners of public and quasi-public sites to allow public access of Historic and Commemorative Sites to foster public awareness and education. Private property owners will be highly encouraged, but not required, to provide public access to Historic and Commemorative Sites. Policy LU-6.5: Historic Mention Sites These are sites outside the City's jurisdiction that have contributed to the City's history. Work with agencies that Y rY g have jurisdiction over the historical resource to encourage adaptive reuse and rehabilitation and provide public access and plaques to foster public awareness and education. Policy LU-6.6: Incentives for Preservation of Historic Resources Utilize a variety of techniques to serve as incentives to fos- ter the preservation and rehabilitation of Historic Resources including: 1. Allow flexible interpretation of the zoning ordinance not essential to public health and safety. This could LU-30 CHAPTER 3 Land Use and Community Design Element include land use, parking requirements and/or setback requirements. 2. Use the California Historical Building Codes standards for rehabilitation of historic structures. 3. Tax rebates (Milles Act or Local tax rebates). 4. Financial incentives such as grants/loans to assist reha- bilitation efforts. Policy LU-6.7: Heritage Trees Protect and maintain the city's heritage trees in a healthy state. Strategy LU-6.7.1: Heritage Tree List. Establish and periodically revise a heritage tree list that includes trees of importance to the community. Policy LU-6.8: Cultural Resources Promote education related to the city's history through public art in public and private developments. C.U 3 1 COMMUNITY VISION 2040 City of Cupertino Historic Sites j .ria. Baer Blacksmith 22221 Snyder Hammond House Old Collins School McClellan Ranch Barn McClellan Road—McClellan 22961 Stevens Creek Blvd. 20441 Homestead Road- 22221 McClellan Rd Ranch Park Cupertino De Oro Club M44 a' tt r t Gazebo Trim Glendenning Barn Maryknoll Seminary Seven Springs Ranch Mary&Stevens Creek Blvd.— 10955 N Tantau Avenue— 2300 Cristo Rey Drive 11801 Dorothy Anne Way Memorial Park Hewlett Packard r4�'lick� Miller House 10518 Phil Place Nathan Hall Tank House 22100 Stevens Creek Blvd. Union Church of Cupertino 20900 Stevens Creek I� Boulevard ago Enoch I Parrish Tank House De La Vega Tack House 22221 McClellan Road— Rancho Deep Cliff Club House McClellan Ranch Park LU-32 CHAPTER 3 Land Use and Community Design Element Commemorative Sites Elisha Stephens Place Le Petit Trianon and Woelffel Cannery 22100 Stevens Creek Guest Cottages 10120 Imperial Avenue— Boulevard—Existing Plaque 1250 Stevens Creek Boulevard Demolished —Foothill-De Anza Community College, Listed on the National Register f of Historic Places De Anza Knoll Off of Cristo Rey Drive Apple One Building 10240 Bubb Road ' X41 n St.Josephs Church 10110 North de Anza Arroyo De San Joseph Cupertino Boulevard 21840 McClellan Road— Doyle Winery Monta Vista High School, "Cupertino Wine Company" State of California Historical Visible from McClellan Landmark#800 Ranch Park(no photo available) w scas Stocklmeir Farm House +�►J m "�`' µ 22120 Stevens Creek Road The Crossroads Interim City Hall Intersection at Stevens Creek 10321 South De Anza Boulevard and De Anza Boulevard Boulevard LU-33 COMMUNITY VISION 2040 City of Cupertino Commemorative Sites (continued) -, A� a Baldwin Winery Engles Grocery Hazel Goldstone Variety Store 1250 Stevens Creek Boulevard "Paul and Eddie's" 21700 Stevens Creek —Foothill-De Anza 1619 Stevens Creek Boulevard Boulevard Community College Sites of Historic Mention K • : � Picchetti Brothers Winery Woodhills Estate t! 13100 Montebello Road— Cupertino/Saratoga Hills, Mid-Peninsula Regional Open End of Prospect Road— �� Space District Mid-Peninsula Regional Open Space District, National Register of Historic Places Perrone Ranch Stone Cellar. Ridge Vineyards t 17100 Montebello Road— _ _...,, I Mid-Peninsula Regional Open Space District Montebello School 15101 Montebello Road LU 34 CHAPTER 3 Land Use and Community Design Element Arts and Culture Cupertino histo and diversity provides a rich background p history Y p 9 for community art and culture. The City seeks to encour- age support public art and the arts community through development. GOAL LU-7 PROMOTE ENVIRONMENT WHERE THE ARTS EXPRESS AN INNOVATIVE SPIRIT, CULTURAL DIVERSITY AND INSPIRE PARTICIPATION Policy LU-7.1: Public Art Stimulate opportunities for the arts through develop- ment and g cooperation with agencies and the business community. Strategy LU-7.1.1: Public Art Ordinance Maintain and update an ordinance requiring public art in public as well as private projects of a certain size. Strategy LU-7.1.2: Gateways. Promote placement of vis- ible artwork in gateways to the city. Strategy LU-7.1.3: Artist Workspace. Encourage the development of artist workspace, such as live/work units, in appropriate location in the city. Note: see the Recreation and Community Services Element for policies related to programming. LU-35 COMMUNITY VISION 2040 City of Cupertino Economic Development and Fiscal Stability The City will seek to identify strategies and programs that support and retain local businesses, attract new businesses and investment, and ensure the long-term fiscal health of the City. GOAL LU-8 - A SUSTAINABLEMAINTAIN A FISCALLY PRESERVESCITY GOVERNMENT THAT QUALITYAND ENHANCES THE LIFE O. WORKERS AND VISITORS Policy LU-8.1: Fiscal Health Maintain and improve the City's long-term fiscal health. Policy LU-8.2: Land Use Encourage land uses that generate City revenue. Strategy LU-8.2.1: Fiscal Impacts. Evaluate fiscal impacts of converting office/commercial uses residential use, while ensuring that the city meets regional housing requirements. Policy LU-8.3: Incentives for Reinvestment Provide incentives for reinvestment in existing, older com- mercial areas. Strategy LU-8.3.1: Mixed-use. Consider mixed-use (office, commercial, residential) in certain commercial areas to encourage reinvestment and revitalization of sales-tax producing uses, when reviewing sites for regional housing requirements. Strategy LU-8.3.2: Shared or Reduced Parking. Consider shared or reduced parking, where appropriate as incentives to construct new commercial and mixed-use development, LU-36 CHAPTER 3 Land Use and Community Design Element while increasing opportunities for other modes of transportation. Strategy LU-8.3.3: Infrastructure and Streetscape Improvements. Consider infrastructure and streetscape improvements in areas, such as the Crossroads or South Vallco area to encourage redevelopment as a pedestrian- oriented area that meets community design goals. Strategy LU-8.3.4: High Sales-Tax Producing Retail Uses. Consider locations for high sales-tax producing retail uses (such as life-style and hybrid commodity-specialty centers) provided the development is compatible with the surround- ing area in terms of building scale and traffic. Policy LU-8.4: Property Acquisition Maximize revenue from City-owned land and resources, and ensure that the City's land acquisition strategy is balanced with revenues. Policy LU-8.5: Efficient Operations Plan land use and design projects to allow the City to main- tain efficient operations in the delivery of services including, community centers, parks, roads, and storm drainage, and other infrastructure. LU 37 COMMUNITY VISION 2040 City of Cupertino GOAL • "PROMOTE A STRONGLOCAL ECONOMY THAT ATTRACTS RETAINS A VARIETY OF Policy LU-9.1: Cooperation with Business Establish and maintain a cooperative relationship with the p P business community to support innovation and take advan- tage of economic development opportunities. Strategy LU-9.1.1: Economic Development Strategy Plan. Create and periodically update an Economic Development Strategy Plan in order to ensure the City's long-term fiscal health and stability and to make Cupertino an attractive place to live, work and play. Strategy LU-9.1.2: Partnerships. Create partnerships between the City and other public and private organiza- tions to promote the development of innovative technology and businesses in the community and facilitate growth and infrastructure improvements that benefits residents and businesses. Strategy LU-9.1.3: Economic Development and Business Retention. Encourage new businesses and retain existing businesses that provide local shopping and services add P PP 9 , to municipal revenues, contribute to economic vitality and enhance the City's physical environment. Strategy LU-9.1.4: Regulations. Periodically review and update land use and zoning requirements for retail, com- mercial and office development in order to attract high- quality sales-tax producing businesses and services, while adapting to the fast-changing retail, commercial and office environment. LU-38 CHAPTER 3 Land Use and Community Design Element Strategy LU-9.1.5: Incubator Work Space. Encourage the development of flexible and affordable incubator work space for start-ups and new and emerging technologies. Strategy LU-9.1.6: Development Review. Provide efficient and timely review of development proposals, while main- taining quality standards in accordance with city codes. Look for a solution-based approach to problems while being responsive to community concerns and promote positive communication among parties. Policy LU-9.2: Work Environment Encourage the design of projects to take into account the well-being and health of employees and the fast-changing work environment. Strategy LU-9.2.1: Local Amenities. Encourage office development to locate in areas where workers can walk or bike to services such as shopping and restaurants, and to provide walking and bicycling connections to services. Strategy LU-9.2.2: Workplace Policies. Encourage public and private employers to provide workplace policies that enhance and improve the health and well-being of their employees. LU-39 COMMUNITY VISION 2040 City of Cupertino Regional Cooperation and Coordination The City will work with regional agencies to coordinate with regional plans and address community priorities by partici- pating in the planning process. •A 1 PROMOTE EFFECTIVE COORDINATION WITH REGIONAL LOCALAND ON PLANNING ISSUES Policy LU-10.1: Regional Decisions Coordinate with regional and local agencies on planning, transportation, economic development and sustainability issues to ensure that the decisions improve fiscal health and the quality of life for Cupertino residents and businesses. Policy LU-10.2: Regional Planning Coordination Review regional planning documents prior to making deci- sions at the local level. Policy LU-10.3: Neighboring Jurisdictions Collaborate with neighboring jurisdictions on issues of mutual interest. Policy LU-10.4: Urban Service Area Work with neighboring jurisdictions to create boundaries that are defined by logical municipal service areas. Strategy LU-10.4.1: Tax-sharing agreements. Consider entering into tax-sharing agreements with adjacent jurisdic- tions in order to facilitate desired boundary realignments. LU-40 CHAPTER 3 Land Use and Community Design Element Policy LU-10.5: Annexation Actively pursue the annexation of unincorporated proper- ties within the City's urban service area, including the Creston neighborhoods, which will be annexed on a parcel- by-parcel basis with new development. Other remaining unincorporated islands will be annexed as determined by the City Council. Access to Community Facilities and Services The City will seek to improve connectivity and access to public facilities and services, including De Anza College. •A LIBRARYMAINTAIN AND ENHANCE COMMUNITY ACCESS TO SCHOOLAND PROVIDED" BY OTHER AGENCIES Policy LU-11.1: Connectivity Create pedestrian and bicycle access between new developments and community facilities. Review existing neighborhood circulation to improve safety and access for students to walk and bike to schools, parks, and community facilities such as the library. Policy LU-11.2: De Anza College Allow land uses not traditionally considered part of a col- lege to be built at De Anza College, provided such uses integrate the campus into the community, provide facilities and services not offered in the City and/or alleviate impacts created by the college. LU-41 COMMUNITY VISION 2040 City of Cupertino Hillsides The City seeks to establish clear hillside policy in order to provide for the realistic use of privately-owned hillside lands, while preserving natural and aesthetic features. •A PRESERVE AND PROTECT HILLSIDE NATURAL HABITAT AESTHETIC VALUES Policy LU-12.1: Land Use Regulations Establish and maintain building and development standards for hillsides that ensure hillside protection. Strategy LU-12.1.1: Ordinance and development review. Through building regulations and development review, limit development on ridgelines, hazardous geological areas and steep slopes. Control colors and materials and minimize the illumination of outdoor lighting. Reduce visible building mass with measures including, stepping structures down the hillside, following natural contours, and limiting the height and mass of the wall plane facing the valley floor. Strategy LU-12.1.2: Slope-density formula. Apply a slope- density formula to very low intensity residential develop- ment in the hillsides. Density shall be calculated based on the foothill modified, foothill modified 1/2 acre and the 5-20 acre slope density formula. Actual lot sizes and develop- ment areas will be determined through zoning ordinances, clustering and identification of significant natural features and geological constraints. Strategy LU-12.1.3: 1976 General Plan-Previously des- ignated Very Low Density: Semi-Rural 5-acre. Properties previously designated Very Low-Density Residential: Semi- Rural 5-acre per the 1976 General Plan may be subdivided LU-42 CHAPTER 3 Land Use and Community Design Element utilizing that formula. Properties that have already been since subdivided in conformance with the above designa- tion have no further subdivision potential for residential purposes. Strategy LU-12.1.4: Existing lots in Foothill Modified and Foothill Modified 1/2—acre Slope density designations. Require discretionary review with a hillside exception for hillside or R1 properties if development is proposed on substandard parcels on slopes per the R1 and RHS zoning. Policy LU-12.2: Clustering Subdivisions Cluster lots in major subdivisions and encourage clustering in minor subdivisions, for projects in the 5-20-acre slope density designation. Reserve 90 percent of the land in private open space to protect the unique characteristics of the hillsides from adverse environmental impacts. Keep the open space areas contiguous as much as possible. Policy LU-12.3: Rural Improvement Standards in Hillside Areas Require rural improvement standards in hillside areas to preserve the rural character of the hillsides. Improvement standards should balance the need to furnish adequate util- ity and emergency services against the Strategy LU-12.3.1: Grading. Follow natural land contours and avoid mass of grading of sites during construction, especially in flood hazard or geologically sensitive areas. Grading hillside sites into large, flat areas shall be avoided. Strategy LU-12.3.2: Roads. Roads should be narrowed to avoid harming trees and streambeds. Strategy LU-12.3.3: Trees. Retain significant specimen trees, especially when they grow in groves or clusters and integrate them into the developed site. LU-43 COMMUNITY VISION 2040 City of Cupertino Policy LU-12.4: Hillside Views The Montebello foothills at the south and west boundary of the valley floor provide a scenic backdrop, adding to the City's scale and variety. While it is not possible to guarantee an unobstructed view of the hills from every vantage point, an attempt should be made to allow views of the foothills from public gathering places. Strategy LU-12.4.1: Views from Public Facilities. Design public facilities, particularly open spaces, so they include views of the foothills or other nearby natural features, and plan hillside developments to minimize visual and other impacts on adjacent public open space. Strategy LU-12.4.2: Developments near Public Space. Located private driveways and building sites as far as pos- sible from property boundaries adjoining public open space preserves and parks to enhance the natural open space character and protect plant and animal habitat. Policy LU-12.5: Development in the County Jurisdiction Development in the County, particularly if located near Cupertino's hillsides and urban fringe area, should consider the goals and policies in Community Vision 2040. Strategy LU-12.5.1: County Development. Development in these areas should be compatible with Cupertino's hillside policies of low-intensity residential, agricultural or open space uses. Preservation of the natural environment, clustering sites to minimize impact and dedication of open space are encouraged. Visual impacts, access, traffic and other impacts, and service demands should be assessed in consultation with Cupertino's goals and policies. LU-44 CHAPTER 3 Land Use and Community Design Element PLANNING AREA GOALS AND POLICIES Y As outlined in the Planning Areas chapter, Community Vision 2040 organizes the city into 21 distinct Planning Areas, divided into two categories: (1) Special Areas that are expected to transition over the life of the General Plan and (2) Neighborhoods where future changes are expected to be minimal. The following goals, policies and strategies are specific to the Planning Areas and provide guidance for future change in accordance with the community vision. The City Council may grant height increases Figure LU-1 shows maximum heights and residential densi- above the maximum base height standard in certain areas if a project includes ties allowed in each Special Area. community benefits LU-45 COMMUNITY VISION 2040 City of Cupertino Special Areas Special Areas are located along major mixed-use corridors and nodes that have access to a variety of different forms of transportation. Future growth in Cupertino will be focused in these areas to manage growth while minimizing traffic, greenhouse gas and health impacts on the com- munity. The discussion for each Special Area outlines goals, policies and strategies related to land use, building form, streetscape, connectivity, open space, landscaping, and the urban/rural ecosystem in order to help implement the com- munity vision for these areas. LU-46 CHAPTER 3 Land Use and Community Design Element Heart of the City Special Area The Heart of the City will remain the core commercial cor- ridor in Cupertino, with a series of commercial and mixed- use centers and a focus on creating a walkable, bikeable boulevard that can support transit. General goals, policies and strategies will apply throughout the entire area; while more specific goals, policies and strategies for each sub- area are designed to address their individual settings and characteristics. •A COHESIVE,ENSURE A LANDSCAPED BOULEVARD THAT SUPPORTS COMMERCIALMODES OF TRANSPORTATION, LINKS ITS DISTINCT AND ACTIVE SUB-AREAS •D CREATES A HIGH-QUALITY, DISTINCT COMMUNITYC ' HEART • • CUPERTINO Policy LU-13.1: Heart of the City Specific Plan The Heart of the City Specific Plan provides design stan- dards and guidelines for this area, which promote a cohe- sive, landscaped boulevard that links its distinct sub-areas and is accessible to all modes of transportation. Policy LU-13.2: Redevelopment Encourage older properties along the boulevard to be redeveloped and enhanced. Allow more intense develop- ment only in nodes and gateways as indicated in the Community Form Diagram (Figure LU-1). LU-47 COMMUNITY VISION 2040 City of Cupertino Policy LU-13.3: Parcel Assembly Encourage the assembly of parcels to foster new develop- ment projects that can provide high-quality development with adequate buffers for neighborhoods. Policy LU-13.4: Neighborhood Centers and Activity Areas A majority of the commercial development allocation should be devoted to rehabilitating neighborhood cen- ters and major activity centers with a focus on creating pedestrian-oriented, walkable and bikeable areas with invit- ing community gathering places. Land uses between the activity centers should help focus and support activity in the centers. Neighborhood centers should be retrofitted and redeveloped using the "neighborhood concept" discussed earlier in this Element. Policy LU-13.5: Land Use The Heart of the City area allows a mix of retail, commer- cial, office and residential uses. Specific uses are provided in the Heart of the City Specific Plan. See Figure LU-1 for residential densities and criteria. Policy LU-13.6: Building Form Buildings should be high-quality, with pedestrian-oriented and active uses along the street. Policy LU-13.7: Streetsca a and Connectivity Create a walkable and bikeable boulevard with active uses and a distinct image for each subarea. Strategy LU-13.7.1: Streetscape. Provide active uses along the street frontage, bike lanes, sidewalks that support pedestrian-oriented activity, improved pedestrian crossings at street intersections, and attractive transit facilities (e.g., bus stops, benches, etc.). LU-48 CHAPTER 3 Land Use and Community Design Element Strategy LU-13.7.2: Street trees and landscaping. Create a cohesive visual image with street tree plantings along the corridor, but with distinct tree types for each sub-area to support its distinct character and function. Strategy LU-13.7.3: Connectivity. Properties with a block should be inter-connected with shared access drives. Provide pedestrian paths to enhance public access to and through the development. New development, particularly on corner lots, should provide pedestrian and bicycle improvements along side streets to enhance connections to surrounding neighborhoods. Strategy LU-13.7.4: Traffic calming. Evaluate options on Stevens Creek Boulevard to improve the pedestrian environment by proactively managing speed limits, enforce- ment, and traffic signal synchronization. Policy LU-13.7: Neighborhood buffers. Consider buffers such as setbacks, landscaping and/or building transitions to buffer abutting single-family residen- tial areas from visual and noise impacts. West Stevens Creek Boulevard Subarea O . PUBLICCREATE A GATEWAY SUPPORTED BY MIXED- COMMERCIAL AND RESIDENTIAL USES Policy LU-14.1: Land Use Primary land uses include quasi-public/public facilities, with supporting mixed commercial/residential uses. LU-49 COMMUNITY VISION 2040 City of Cupertino Policy LU-14.2: Streetscape Street tree planting that supports an active, pedestrian- oriented environment. Street tree planting should provide a connection with the adjacent foothills with trees such as oaks. Policy LU-14.3: Gateway Concept Buildings should be high-quality in keeping with the gateway character of the area. Projects should provide or contribute towards gateway signs and landscaping. Policy LU-14.4: De Anza College Node Buildings should be designed to fit into the surroundings with pedestrian-orientation. Externalizing activities by providing cafeterias, bookstores and plazas along the street and near corners is encouraged. Policy LU-14.5: Oaks Gateway Node This is a gateway retail and shopping node. New residen- tial and office uses, if allowed, should be designed on the "mixed-use village" concept discussed earlier in this Element. Policy LU-14.6: Community Recreation Node Contribute to the high-quality streetscape with trees, sidewalks, building and site design, and active uses such as main entries, lobbies or similar features along the street to reinforce pedestrian orientation. LU-50 CHAPTER 3 Land Use and Community Design Element Crossroads Subarea •A CREATE AN ACTIVE, PEDESTRIAN- ORIENTED SH •• ' • • • DISTRICT VIBRANT ALONG THE STREET, OUTDOOR DINING AND PLAZAS OR PUBLIC GATHERING SPACES Policy LU-15.1: Crossroads Streetscape Plan Create a streetscape plan for the Crossroads Subarea that provides design standards and guidelines for an attractive, walkable, vibrant shopping village, where commercial and roadway design encourage pedestrian activity. The plan will include the following elements: 1. Land use plan specifying the type, intensity and arrangement of land uses to promote pedestrian and business activity. 2. Streetscape plan that provides for an attractive pedes- trian streetscape. 3. Design guidelines that foster pedestrian activity and a sense of place. Strategy LU-15.1.1: Uses. Include in this subarea pri- mary uses such as retail, office and commercial. Ground floor uses shall have active retail uses with storefronts. Commercial office and office uses may be allowed on upper levels. In the case of deep lots, buildings along the street should provide retail and buildings in the back may be developed with allowed uses. See Figure LU-1 for residen- tial densities and criteria. LU-51 COMMUNITY VISION 2040 City of Cupertino Strategy LU-15.1.2: Streetscape. Primary ground-floor entrances shall face the street. The streetscape shall consist of wide pedestrians sidewalks with inviting street furniture, street trees, pedestrian-scaled lighting with banners, small plazas, art/water features, pedestrian crosswalks with special paving, and other elements identified in the Crossroads Streetscape Plan. Strategy LU-15.1.3: Building form. Buildings should be moderately-scaled with high-quality, pedestrian-oriented scaled, active uses along the street. Buildings in the North Crossroads node may have taller heights per the Community Form Diagram (Figure LU-1). Strategy LU-15.1.4: Shared parking. Require shared park- ing and access arrangements throughout the area, with overall parking standards reflecting the shared parking. Strategy LU-15.1.5: De Anza Boulevard/Stevens Creek Boulevard landmark. Secure landscape easements from properties at the intersection of De Anza Stevens Creek Boulevards for construction of a future landmark. The landmark may include open space, landscaping and other design elements at the corners. Land at the southeast cor- ner will remain a publicly accessible park. LU-52 CHAPTER 3 Land Use and Community Design Element City Center Subarea •A COMMUNITYMAINTAIN A MIXED-USE AND CIVIC DISTRICT THAT WILL ENHANCE SUPPORTAND CROSSROADS SUBAREA Policy LU-16.1: City Center Node Establish the City Center Node as a moderately-scaled, medium-density mixed-use office, hotel, retail and residen- tial area, with an integrated network of streets and open space. Strategy LU-16.1.1: Uses. A mix of uses including, office, hotel, retail, residential and civic uses. The ground floor of buildings along the street should be activated with pedestrian-oriented, active uses including retail, restaurants, and entries. See Figure LU-1 for residential densities and criteria. Strategy LU-16.1.2: Connectivity. New development should improve the connectivity within the block and with surroundingstreets, including connections to the 9 Crossroads Subarea. Strategy LU-16.1.3: Building form. Buildings should be moderately-scaled to transition from existing taller buildings to the scale of the surrounding area. Additional heights may be approved in specific areas by the City Council as part of the Community Benefits Program and per heights allowed in the Community Form Diagram (Figure LU-1). Taller build- ings should provide appropriate transitions to fit into the surrounding area. LU-53 COMMUNITY VISION 2040 City of Cupertino Strategy LU-16.1.4: Gateway concept. Buildings should be designed with high-quality architecture and landscaping befitting the gateway character of the site. Strategy LU-16.1.5: Open space. A publicly-accessible park shall be retained at the southeast corner of Stevens Creek and De Anza Boulevard and shall include public art, seating areas and plazas for retail and restaurant uses along the ground floor of adjacent buildings. Policy LU-16.2: Civic Center Node Create a civic heart for Cupertino that enables community building by providing community facilities, meeting and gathering spaces, public art, and space for recreation and community events. Central Stevens Creek Boulevard Subarea •A WALKABLE,RETAIN AND ENHANCE AS A . BLE, COMMERCIAL BOULEVARD WITH NEIGHBORHOOD CENTERS, OFFICE AND D - Policy LU-17.1: Land Use Allow a mix of uses including commercial, retail, com- mercial office and limited residential uses. The ground floor of buildings along the street should be activated with pedestrian-oriented, active uses including retail, restaurants, entries, etc. Neighborhood centers shall be remodeled or redeveloped using the "neighborhood center" format described earlier in this Element. See Figure LU-1 for resi- dential densities and criteria. LU-54 CHAPTER 3 Land Use and Community Design Element East Stevens Creek Boulevard Subarea OA WALKABLE,CREATE A : ABLE BOULEVARD WITH PEDESTRIAN-ORIENTED REGIONAL AND NEIGHBORHOOD COMMERCIAL, HOTELOFFICE Policy LU-18.1: Land Use Allow regional commercial with retail, commercial, office and hotels as the primary uses, with residential mixed-use as a supporting use. Retail, restaurant and other actives uses are highly encouraged on the ground floor facing the street. In case of office complexes, active uses such as entries, lobbies or plazas should be provided on the ground floor along the street. Neighborhood centers shall be remodeled or redeveloped using the "neighborhood center" format described earlier in this Element. See Figure LU-1 for residential densities and criteria. Policy LU-18.2 South Vallco Retain and enhance the South Vallco area as a mixed-use retail, office and residential district with a pedestrian- oriented, downtown atmosphere. Strategy LU-18.2.1: Uses. Encourage a mix of retail, commercial, office, residential and hotel uses. Provide active retail uses on the ground floor facing the street or outdoor pedestrian corridor with connections to adjacent development. Office sites to the north of Vallco Parkway are encouraged to provide retail uses. However, if retail is not provided, office sites should provide entries and active uses along the street frontage. LU-55 COMMUNITY VISION 2040 City of Cupertino Strategy LU-18.2.2: Vallco Parkway. Vallco Parkway is envisioned as a parkway with bike lanes, wide sidewalks, street-trees and on-street parking. The street will connect to a future street grid in the Vallco Shopping District. Vallco Shopping District Special Area The City envisions a complete redevelopment of the exist- ing Vallco Fashion Mall into a vibrant mixed-use "town center" that is a focal point for regional visitors and the community. This new Vallco Shopping District will become a destination for shopping, dining and entertainment in the Santa Clara Valley. MEMORABLEGOAL LU-1 9 CREATE A DISTINCT AND "TOWN REGIONALCENTER" THAT IS A DESTINATION • POINT FOR THE COMMUNITY Policy LU-19.1: Specific Plan Create a Vallco Shopping District Specific Plan prior to any development on the site that lays out the land uses, design standards and guidelines, and infrastructure improvements required. The Specific Plan will be based on the following strategies: Strategy LU-19.1.1: Master Developer. Redevelopment will require a master developer in order remove the obstacles to the development of a cohesive district with the highest levels of urban design. Strategy LU-19.1.2: Parcel assembly. Parcel assembly and a plan for complete redevelopment of the site is required prior to adding residential and office uses. Parcelization is highly discouraged in order to preserve the site for redevel- opment in the future. LU-56 CHAPTER 3 Land Use and Community Design Element Strategy LU-19.1.3: Complete Redevelopment. The town center" plan should be based on complete redevel- opment of the site in order to ensure that the site can be planned to carry out the community vision. Strategy LU-19.1.4: Land use. The following uses are allowed on the site (see Figure LU-1 for residential densi- ties and criteria): 1. Retail: High-performing retail, restaurant and entertain- ment uses. Maintain a minimum of 600,000 square feet of retail that provide a good source of sales tax for the City. Entertainment uses may be included but shall con- sist of no more than 30 percent of retail uses. 2. Hotel: Encourage a business class hotel with conference center and active uses including main entrances, lob- bies, retail and restaurants on the ground floor. 3. Residential: Allow residential on upper floors with retail and active uses on the ground floor. Encourage a mix of units for young professionals, couples and/or active seniors who like to live in an active "town center" environment. 4. Office: Encourage high-quality office space arranged in a pedestrian-oriented street grid with active uses on the ground floor, publicly-accessible streets and plazas/ green space. Strategy LU-19.1.5: "Town Center" layout. Create streets and blocks laid out using "transect planning" (appropriate street and building types for each area), which includes a discernible center and edges, public space at center, high quality public realm, and land uses appropriate to the street and building typology. Strategy LU-19.1.6: Connectivity. Provide a newly config- ured complete street grid hierarchy of streets, boulevards LU-57 COMMUNITY VISION 2040 City of Cupertino and alleys that is pedestrian-oriented, connects to existing streets, and creates walkable urban blocks for buildings and open space. It should also incorporate transit facilities, provide connections to other transit nodes and coordinate with the potential expansion of Wolfe Road bridge over Interstate 280 to continue the walkable, bikeable boulevard concept along Wolfe Road. The project should also con- tribute towards a study and improvements to a potential Interstate 280 trail along the drainage channel south of the freeway and provide pedestrian and bicycle connections from the project sites to the trail. Strategy LU-19.1.7: Existing streets. Improve Stevens Creek Boulevard and Wolfe Road to become more bike and pedestrian-friendly with bike lanes, wide sidewalks, street trees, improved pedestrian intersections to accommodate the connections to Rosebowl and Main Street. Strategy LU-19.1.8: Open space. Open space in the form of a central town square on the west and east sides of the district interspersed with plazas and "greens" that create community gathering spaces, locations for public art, and event space for community events. Strategy LU-19.1.9: Building form. Buildings should have high-quality architecture, and an emphasis on aesthet- ics, human scale, and create a sense of place. Additional heights may be approved in specific areas by the City Council as part of the Community Benefits Program and per heights allowed in the Community Form Diagram (Figure LU-1). Taller buildings should provide appropriate transi- tions to fit into the surrounding area. Strategy LU-19.1.10: Gateway character. High-quality buildings with architecture and materials befitting the gateway character of the site. The project should provide gateway signage and treatment. LU-58 CHAPTER 3 Land Use and Community Design Element Strategy LU-19.1.11: Phasing plan. A phasing plan that lays out the timing of infrastructure, open space and land use improvements that ensures that elements desired by the community are included in early phases. Strategy LU-19.1.12: Parking. Parking in surface lots shall be located to the side or rear of buildings. Underground parking beneath buildings is preferred. Above grade structures shall not be located along major street frontages. In cases, where above-grade structures are allowed along internal street frontages, they shall be lined with retail, entries and active uses on the ground floor. All parking structures should be designed to be architecturally compat- ible with a high-quality "town center" environment. Strategy LU-19.1.13: Trees. Retain trees along the Interstate 280, Wolfe Road and Stevens Creek Boulevard to the extent feasible, when new development are proposed. Strategy LU-19.1.14: Neighborhood buffers. Consider buffers such as setbacks, landscaping and/or building tran- sitions to buffer abutting single-family residential areas from visual and noise impacts. LU 59 COMMUNITY VISION 2040 City of Cupertino North Vallco Park Special Area The North Vallco Park Special Area is envisioned to become a sustainable, office and campus environment surrounded by a mix of connected, high-quality, pedestrian-oriented retail, hotels and residential uses. Taller buildings could be built at gateway nodes close to Interstate 280. GOAL LU-20 SUPPORT SUSTAINABLE ENVIRONMENT . A MIX OF PEDESTRIAN-ORIENTED COMMERCIALRETAIL AND IN A WALKABLE AND BIKEABLE ENVIRONMENT Policy LU-20.1: Land Use This area is a major employment node with office, and research and development uses. Retail and hotel uses are allowed on the west side of Wolfe Road. Redevelopment of the retail site at the corner of Wolfe and Homestead Roads should be based on the neighborhood center concept. Retail uses are not required on the Hamptons site. See Figure LU-1 for residential densities and criteria. Policy LU-20.2: Streetscape and Connectivity Future roadway improvements on Wolfe Road, Homestead Road and Tantau Avenue should be coordinated with planned improvements to improve pedestrian, bike and transit connections. Streetscape improvements will enhance the pedestrian environment with street trees, attractive bus shelters and street furniture. The campus site should provide an attractive landscaped edge along the street. Future improvements to the Wolfe Road bridge should be coordinated to preserve the vision for this area. LU-60 CHAPTER 3 Land Use and Community Design Element Policy LU-20.3: Building Form Buildings in the retail and hotel area should provide active, pedestrian-oriented uses along the street. Buildings should transition to fit the scale of the surrounding area. Additional heights may be approved in specific areas by the City Council as part of the Community Benefits Program and per heights allowed in the Community Form Diagram (Figure LU-1). Taller buildings should provide appropriate transi- tions to fit into the surrounding area. In addition to the height limits established in the Community Form Diagram, buildings abutting the campus shall incorporate appropriate setbacks, landscaped buffering, and building height transi- tions to minimize privacy and security impacts. Policy LU-20.4: Community Amenities Pedestrian-oriented retail and hotel development will support a diverse population of workers and residents in the area. Trail routes, and alternate trail routes to address security and privacy concerns of major employers, shall be developed to provide pedestrian and bicycle connections to other destinations. Policy LU-20.5: Gateway Concept Building and landscape design should be of high qual- ity and reflect the fact that this area is a gateway into Cupertino from Interstate 280 and points north. The project should provide gateway signage and treatment. Policy LU-20.6: Neighborhood Buffers Provide building transitions, setbacks and/or landscaping to buffer development from adjoining single-family residential uses. LU-61 COMMUNITY VISION 2040 City of Cupertino North De Anza Special Area The North De Anza Special Area is expected to remain an employment node. Its designation as a Priority Development Area (PDA) and the availability of restaurants and services in the Heart of the City Special Area opens opportunities to locate higher density office uses along the corridor with connections to Stevens Creek Boulevard in a pedestrian and bicycle-oriented format. The streets in this area are envisioned to work as a walkable, bikeable grid that enhance connections for school children and residents from the Garden Gate neighborhood to Lawson Middle School and other services on the east side. GOAL LU-21 EMPLOYMENTMAINTAIN AN •D SERVED BY A MIX OF PEDESTRIAN- ORIENTED • HOTELAND AB AND BIKEABLE ENVIRONMENT Policy LU-21.1: Conceptual Plan Amend the North De Anza Conceptual Plan to create a cohesive set of land use and streetscape regulations and guidelines for the North De Anza area. Policy LU-21.2: Land Use Primarily office, and research and development uses supple- mented with limited commercial and residential uses. See Figure LU-1 for residential densities and criteria. Policy LU-21.3: Streetscape and Connectivity North De Anza is envisioned as a walkable, bikeable bou- levard with wide sidewalks with street trees and roadway LU-62 I CHAPTER 3 Land Use and Community Design Element improvements for bike lanes and pedestrian crossings. Pedestrian and bike improvements and enhanced pedes- trian crossings are also envisioned along other streets in this area to create an interconnected grid. Such improvements will also improve school routes from the Garden Gate neighborhood to Lawson school to the east and provide access to transit routes. Policy LU-21.4: Building Design Locate buildings along the street with parking areas to the rear. Break up massing of large office buildings along the street with pedestrian scaled elements and locate building entries and active uses along the street frontage to improve the pedestrian character of the area. Mixed-use buildings should include entries, active uses and gathering spaces along the street. Policy LU-21.5: Gateway Concept Building and landscape design should be of high qual- ity and reflect the fact that this area is a gateway into Cupertino from Interstate 280 and points north. Policy LU-21.6: Neighborhood Buffer Provide building transitions, setbacks and/or landscaping to buffer development from adjoining single-family residential uses. LU-63 COMMUNITY VISION 2040 City of Cupertino South De Anza Special Area The South De Anza Special Area will remain a predominant- ly general commercial area with supporting existing mixed residential uses with neighborhood centers providing ser- vices to neighborhoods and nodes. The policies in this area are intended to encourage parcel assembly to resolve the fragmented and narrow lot pattern, promote active retail and service uses, bike and pedestrian friendly improve- ments, and connectivity to adjacent neighborhoods. GOAL LU-22 COMMERCIALMAINTAIN A BOULEVARD WITH NEIGHBORHOOD COMMERCIALOFFICE PROVIDEAND RESIDENTIAL USES THAT SPACES • ' THE COMMUNITY • WALKAB LE AN D B I KEAB LE ENVIRONMENT Policy LU-22-1: Conceptual Plan Create a conceptual plan that combines the existing South De Anza and Sunnyvale-Saratoga Conceptual Plans to cre- ate a cohesive set of land use and streetscape regulations and guidelines for the South De Anza area. Policy LU-22.2: Land Use General commercial and retail uses with limited commercial office, office and residential uses. Neighborhood centers should be redeveloped in the "neighborhood center" format discussed in this Element. See Figure LU-1 for resi- dential densities and criteria. LU 64 CHAPTER 3 Land Use and Community Design Element Policy LU-22.3: Parcel Assembly Highly encourage assembly of parcels to resolve the frag- mented and narrow lot pattern and encourage high-quality development with adequate buffers for neighborhoods. Policy LU-22.4: Streetscape and Connectivity South De Anza is envisioned as a walkable, bikeable boule- vard with sidewalks, street trees and roadway improvements for bike lanes and pedestrian crossings. Side streets are also envisioned with pedestrian and bicycle improvements to ensure walkable connections from adjacent neighborhoods. Policy LU-22.5: Shared Access Since South De Anza is a heavily traveled route, proper- ties in the same block should be connected with auto and pedestrian access through shared access easements to reduce impacts on the corridor. Policy LU-22.6: Building Design Located buildings and commercial pads along the street with parking areas to the side and rear. Provide pedestrian- scaled elements and active uses including retail, restaurants, and entries along the street. Outdoor plaza and activity areas can be located along the street with sidewalk and street trees to buffer them from through traffic. Policy LU-22.7: Gateway Concept Building and landscape design should be of high qual- ity and reflect the fact that this area has gateways from Highway 85 and at the southern and eastern borders of Cupertino. LU-65 COMMUNITY VISION 2040 City of Cupertino Policy LU-22.8: Neighborhood Buffer Provide building transitions, setbacks and/or landscaping to buffer development from adjoining single-family residential uses. Homestead Special Area The Homestead Special Area will continue to be a predomi- nantly mixed-use retail commercial area with residential uses and neighborhood centers providing services to local residents. Bike and pedestrian improvements to the roadways in this area will provide better connections for residents and workers to access services. Tree-lined streets and sidewalks will provide an inviting environment and will link existing and new uses. GOAL LU-23 COMMERCIALRETAIN A RESIDENTIAL BOULEVARD FORMSTHAT • CUPERTINO WITH NEIGHBORHOOD COMMERCIALOFFICE PROVIDEAND RESIDENTIAL USES THAT SPACES O. THE COMMUNITY WALKAB LE AN D ;I KEAB LE ENVIRONMENT Policy LU-23.1: Conceptual Plan Create a conceptual plan for the Homestead cor- ridor Special Area with a cohesive set of land use and streetscape regulations and guidelines for the South De Anza area. LU66 CHAPTER 3 Land Use and Community Design Element Policy LU-23.2: Land Use Primarily retail, commercial and residential uses, with some limited quasi-public use. Redevelopment of neighborhood centers should be based on the "neighborhood center" concept discussed earlier in this element. See Figure LU-1 for residential densities and criteria. Policy LU-23.3: Connectivity Homestead Road is envisioned to become a boulevard with bike and pedestrian improvements and new bicycle and pedestrian crossings at De Anza Boulevard, Blaney Avenue, Wolfe Road, and Tantau Avenue. This will provide better access for people moving east/west through the city north of Interstate 280, linking neighborhoods in the western part of the city with Homestead High School, Homestead Square Shopping Center and Apple Campus 2 to the east. Policy LU-23.4: Building Design Buildings will be located closer to the street with parking mostly to the side and rear. In the case of larger sites, large buildings may be placed behind parking; however a substantial portion of the front of the site should be lined with active uses such as retail/restaurant pads, and plazas. Buildings should include pedestrian-oriented elements with entries, retail, lobbies, and active uses along the street. Parking areas along the street will be screened with street trees. Residential buildings will provide stoops and porches along the street and side streets. Additional heights may be approved in specific areas by the City Council as part of the Community Benefits Program and per heights allowed in the Community Form Diagram (Figure LU-1). Taller build- ings should provide appropriate transitions to fit into the surrounding area. LU-67 L _ COMMUNITY VISION 2040 City of Cupertino Policy LU-23.5: Gateway Concept Building and landscape design should be of high quality and reflect the fact that this area is a gateway into the northern part of Cupertino. Policy LU-23.6: Neighborhood Buffer Provide building transitions, setbacks and/or landscaping to buffer development from adjoining single-family residential uses. Bubb Road Special Area The Bubb Road Special Area is envisioned to become a tree-lined avenue that is bike and pedestrian friendly with an improved public and internal street grid, since it is a well-traveled route by school children from the northern and eastern sections of the city to the tri-school area to the south, and increased foot traffic from workers in the area. GOAL LU-24 EMPLOYMENTMAINTAIN AN AREA RESEARCHWITH LIGHT-INDUSTRIAL, AND • ' WALKABLEUSES IN A BIKEABLE ENVIRONMENT • TO SURROUNDING NODES SERVICES Policy LU-24.1: Land Use Allowed uses in the Bubb Road Special Area will consist of those described in the ML-RC ordinance with limited com- mercial and residential uses. LU-68 CHAPTER 3 Land Use and Community Design Element Policy LU-24.2: Streetscape and Connectivity Bubb Road is envisioned as a walkable, bikeable corridor with sidewalks, street trees and roadway improvements for bike lanes and pedestrian crossings. Pedestrian and bike improvements and enhanced pedestrian crossings are also envisioned along other streets in this area to create an interconnected grid. Such improvements will also improve routes from the northern and eastern neighborhood to the tri-school area, parks and services and reduce impacts caused by to school and employment traffic. Policy LU-24.3: Building and Site Design Locate buildings along the street with parking areas to the rear. Break up massing of large office buildings along the street with pedestrian-scaled elements and locate building entries and active uses along the street frontage to improve the pedestrian character of the area. Policy LU-24.4: Compatibility of Use The compatibility of non-industrial uses with industrial uses must be considered when reviewing new development. Policy LU-24.5: Neighborhood Buffers New industrial uses should provide building transitions, setbacks and landscaping to provide a buffer for adjoining low-intensity residential uses. LU 69 COMMUNITY VISION 2040 City of Cupertino Monta Vista Village The Monta Vista Village Special Area is envisioned to be retained as a small town, pedestrian-oriented mixed-use area within Cupertino. As incremental change occurs, the City will identify opportunities to enhance the areas uses that are consistent with the small town character. GOAL LU-25 RETAIN AND ENHANCE MONTA VISTA VILLAGE'S SMALL TOWN CHARACTER AS •R SCALE, MIXED-USE RESIDENTIAL, NEIGHBORHOOD COMMERCIAL INDUSTRIAL AREA Policy LU-25.1: Conceptual Plan Continue to govern Monta Vista's commercial area through the Monta Vista Design Guidelines. The guidelines provide direction for architecture, landscaping and public improve- ments. Create a Monta Vista Village Conceptual Plan to with a cohesive set of updated regulations and guidelines for this area. Policy LU-25.2: Land Use Encourage the commercial district to serve as a neighbor- hood commercial center for Monta Vista Village and its adjoining neighborhoods. Mixed-use with residential is encouraged. The industrial area should be retained to provide small-scale light industrial and service industrial opportunities, while remaining compatible with the sur- rounding residential and commercial uses. See Figure LU-1 for residential densities and criteria. LU-70 CHAPTER 3 Land Use and Community Design Element Policy LU-25.3: Building and Site DesignArea �� � Encourage buildings to be designed in a way that promotes canobt obtainre credit can obtain credit for on-stre the small-scale, older and mixed-use character of the parking forcommerci activities. � £ area. Buildings should be located along the street with pedestrian-scale architecture and retail and active uses on the ground floor. Parking should be located to the rear. CREEK Strategy LU-25.3.1: Storefront appearance. Commercial 1 and office buildings shall include a storefront appearance to i _) the public street, and shall not be separated from the pub- lic sidewalk by extensive landscaping or changes in eleva- tion. Office buildings shall be designed to accommodate future entrances from the sidewalk for future retail uses. Strategy LU-25.3.2: Parking. Commercial properties or commercial portions of properties may rely on public parking on Pasadena and Imperial Avenues to meet their off-site parking needs within the area bounded by Granada Avenue, Stevens Creek Boulevard, Orange Avenue and the Union Pacific right-of-way (see diagram to the right). Policy LU-25A Street Design and Connectivity Maintain Monta Vista Village as a walkable, bikeable mixed- use neighborhood with sidewalks, street trees and roadway improvements for bike lanes and sidewalks with routes to the tri-school area. Automobile, pedestrian and bicycle improvements are envisioned along other streets in this area to create an interconnected grid and with new devel- opment to remove street blockages and promote a network of streets. On-street parking is encouraged. Roadway and sidewalk improvements will also improve school routes from the northern neighborhoods to the tri-school area. Strategy LU-25.4.1: Interconnected access. Individual properties shall have interconnected pedestrian and vehicle access and shared parking. LU-71 COMMUNITY VISION 2040 City of Cupertino Strategy LU-25.4.2. Residential streets. Residential street improvements may have a semi-rural appearance based on the Municipal Code requirements. Safe routes to school streets, or any others designated by the City Council shall be required to have sidewalks and street trees. Other Non-Residential/Mixed-Use Special Areas In addition to the major mixed-use corridors described above, other Non-Residential/Mixed-Use Areas are located throughout the city. These include the following: west side of Stevens Canyon Road across from McClellan Road; inter- section of Foothill Boulevard and Stevens Creek Boulevard; Homestead Road near Foothill Boulevard; northwest corner of Bollinger Road and Blaney Avenue; and all other non- residential properties not referenced in an identified Special Area. These areas are envisioned as neighborhood centers that serve as shopping, services and gathering places for adja- cent neighborhoods in a pedestrian-oriented environment that encourages pedestrian and bicycle access. GOAL LU-26 RETAIN COMMERCIALAREAS ADJACENT TO NEIGHBORHOODS AND RETROFIT OR ENCOURAGE REDEVELOPMENT NEIGHBORHOOD CENTERS IN A PEDESTRIAN-ORIENTED ABIKE- FRIENDLY ENVIRONMENT Policy LU-26.1: Land Use Retrofit or redevelop neighborhood centers using the "neighborhood center" concept discussed earlier in this LU-72 CHAPTER 3 Land Use and Community Design Element Element. Areas that are not designated as "neighborhood centers" are encouraged to provide commercial uses with active uses such as entries, lobbies, seating areas or retail along the street. See Figure LU-1 for residential densities and criteria. Policy LU-26.2: Building and Site Design Encourage buildings to be designed in a pedestrian-ori- ented format. Buildings should be located along the street with pedestrian-scale architecture and retail and active uses on the ground floor. Parking should be located to the sides or rear. Buildings may be one to two stories in height. In some instances where taller heights are allowed, buildings may be three stories in height. Policy LU-26.3: Street Design and Connectivity Create neighborhood centers that are walkable, bikeable areas with sidewalks, street trees and roadway improve- ments for bike lanes and sidewalks to provide connections to the neighborhoods that they serve. Policy LU-26.4: Neighborhood Buffers Encourage projects to include building transitions, setbacks and landscaping to provide a buffer for adjoining low- intensity residential uses. LU- 73 COMMUNITY VISION 2040 City of Cupertino Neighborhoods The City has many neighborhoods, each with its own distinctive character and setting. These neighborhoods play a vital role in supporting Cupertino's great quality of life. Neighborhood goals and policies help preserve and enhance the quality of life by protecting neighborhood character and improving walking and biking connections to parks, schools and services. Neighborhoods typically offer a variety of housing choices to meet a spectrum of community needs. The following general goal, policies and strategies apply to all neighborhoods in the city. GOAL LU-27 PRESERVE NEIGHBORHOOD CHARACTER AND ENHANCE CONNECTIVITY • NEARBY SERVICES • CREATE COMPLETE NEIGHBORHOODS Policy LU-27.1: Compatibility Ensure that new development within and adjacent to resi- dential neighborhoods is compatible with neighborhood character. Strategy LU-27.1.1: Regulations. Maintain and update design regulations and guidelines for single-family devel- opmentthat address neighborhood compatibility and visual and privacy impacts. Strategy LU-27.1.2: Neighborhood Guidelines. Identify neighborhoods that have a unique architectural style, historical background or location and develop plans that preserve and enhance their character. Support special zon- ing or design guidelines (e.g., the Fairgrove Eichler neigh- borhood) and single-story overlay zones in neighborhoods, where there is strong neighborhood support. LU-74 CHAPTER 3 Land Use and Community Design Element Strategy LU-27.1.3: Flexibility. When neighborhoods are in transition, add flexibility for requirements for new devel- opment that acknowledge the transition while continuing to respect the existing neighborhood. Strategy LU-27.1.4: Late Night Uses. Discourage late- evening entertainment activities such as night-clubs in commercial areas where parcels are especially narrow, abut single-family residential development, and cannot adequately provide visual and noise buffers. Policy LU-27.2: Relationship to the Street Ensure that new development in and adjacent to neighbor- hoods improve the walkability of neighborhoods by provid- ing inviting entries, stoops and porches along the street frontage, compatible building design and reducing visual impacts of garages. Policies LU-27.3: Entries. Define neighborhood entries through architecture, or land- scaping appropriate to the character of the neighborhood. Gates are discouraged because they isolate developments from the community. Policy LU-27.4: Connections. Support pedestrian and bicycling improvements that improve access with neighborhoods to parks, schools and local retail, and between neighborhoods. Support traffic calming measures rather than blocking the street to reduce traffic impacts on neighborhoods. Policy LU-27.5: Streets. Determine appropriate street widths, bike lane, sidewalk and streetlight design to define the unique character of neighborhoods, where appropriate. LU-75 COMMUNITY VISION 2040 City of Cupertino Policy LU-27.6. Multi-family Residential Design. Maintain an attractive, livable environment for multi-family dwellings. Strategy LU-27.6.1: Provide Active and Passive Outdoor Areas in Multi-Family Residential Development. Allow public access to the common outdoor areas wherever possible. Strategy LU-27.6.2: Ordinance Updates. Update the Planned Development (residential) and R-3 ordinances to achieve the policies and strategies applicable to multi- family development in neighborhoods. Policy LU-27.6: Compatibility of Lots Ensure that zoning, subdivision and lot-line adjustment requests related to lot size or lot design consider the need to preserve neighborhood lot patterns. Strategy LU-27.6.1: Lot Size. Ensure that subdivision and lot-line adjustment requests respect the neighborhood lot size patterns. Consider revisions to lot size requirements if the neighborhood lot pattern is different from the zoning requirements. Strategy LU-27.6.2: Flag Lots. Allow flag lots only in cases where they are the sole alternative to integrate subdivisions with the surrounding neighborhood. Policy LU-27.7: Protection Protect residential neighborhoods from noise, traffic, light and visually intrusive effects from more intense develop- ment with landscape buffers, site design, setbacks and other appropriate measures. Policy LU-27.8: Amenities and Services Improve equitable distribution of community amenities such as parks and access to shopping within walking and bicycling distance of neighborhoods. I LU-76 CHAPTER 3 Land Use and Community Design Element Inspiration Heights Neighborhood The Inspiration Heights neighborhood will continue to be a low-intensity and hillside residential area. Future develop- ment should consider preservation of hillsides, riparian corridors, and plant and animal wildlife habitat through sen- sitive site and building design. This area has developments that were annexed from the county. Legal, non-conforming uses and buildings in such areas are granted additional flexibility. GOAL LU-28 RETAIN INSPIRATION LOW-INTENSITY RESIDENTIAL AREA IN A NATURAL, HILLSIDE SETTING Policy LU-28.1: Connectivity Improve bicycle and pedestrian environment along Foothill Boulevard and Stevens Canyon Road to improve neighbor- hood connectivity to services as well for hikers and bikers accessing natural open space areas in the vicinity. Policy LU-28.2: Merriman-Santa Lucia Neighborhood Allow legal, non-conformingduplexes to remain in the area up bounded by Santa Lucia Road, Alcalde Road and Foothill Boulevard. LU- 77 COMMUNITY VISION 2040 City of Cupertino Oak Valley Neighborhood hborhood GOAL LU-29 RETAIN AND ENHANCE THE OAK VALLEY AS A U N IQU NEIGHBORHOOD SURROUNDED NATURALBY AREAS PRIVATE PUBLIC SPACE Policy LU-29.1: Development Intensity Require development intensity for the single-family Oak Valley neighborhood to be consistent with the development agreement that includes the use permit and other approv- als. The development agreement describes development areas, intensity and styles of development, public park dedication, tree protection, access and historic preserva- tion. The theme of the approvals is to balance development with environmental protection by clustering development, setting it back from sensitive environmental areas and pre- serving large areas as permanent open space. Policy LU-29.2: Design Elements Require buildings to reflect the natural hillside setting as required in residential hillside zones with traditional architectural styles and natural materials and colors. Larger building elements should be scaled to respect the existing development in the surrounding area. LU-78 CHAPTER 3 Land Use and Community Design Element Fairgrove Neighborhood GOAL LU-30 PRESERVE A.A ■ OF THE EICHLER HOMES IN THE FAIRGROVE NEIGHBORHOOD Policy LU-30.1: Development Standards Require all new construction to conform to the R1-e zoning (Single-Family Residential—Eichler). Policy LU-30.2: Design Guidelines Encourage residents to incorporate the design guidelines illustrated in the Eichler Design Guidelines. LU- 79 i J � y t lo r. k r w ! �F Chapter 5 MOBILITY ELEMENT CHAPTER 5 Mobility Element INTRODUCTION CONTENTS Cupertino's transportation system is multi-faceted. It M-3 Introduction integrates walkways, sidewalks, bicycle routes, bus transit M-4 Context facilities, local streets, major roadways and freeways into Regional Tr- •• - • Planning a single, integrated system that supports the city's high Link between Land Use quality of life. At the local level, this includes facilities that and Transportation Streets connect neighborhoods with pedestrian, bicycle and auto- • " " mobile routes. Longer distance connections include linksTransportationGreenhuse Gases ' to major boulevards, expressways, commuter rail and the Pedestrians and Bicyclists regional freeway system. Performance Measurement This Element includes goals, policies and strategies that ' ' - twor MI-1 4 Looking Forward the City will use in making decisions regarding transporta- MI-1 6 Goals Policies tion network improvements needed to accommodate C Coordination Cupertino's anticipated growth. The purpose for this CompStreets lete Element is to implement strategies that make alternative Walkability and B-ability i Transit modes of transportation attractive choices. This will help Safe Routes Schools reduce strain on the automobile network and improve to ParkingVehicle health and quality of life for Cupertino residents and Transportation Impact businesses. Analysis QualityGreenhouse Gas Emissions and Air TransportationRoadway System Efficiency Infrastructure M-3 COMMUNITY VISION 2040 City of Cupertino CONTEXT Cupertino's circulation system was developed mostly in a suburban and auto-oriented pattern during the 1950s and 1960s. Over the years, the City has enhanced its roadway infrastructure with a system of bike lanes, trails, bridges, better sidewalks and publicly accessible connections in new development. Cupertino is also served by many important regional transportation facilities such as Highway 85, Interstate 280, Lawrence Expressway, and bus transit service provided by the Santa Clara Valley Transportation Authority (VTA). The community anticipates reductions in auto traffic impacts, enhancements to the walking and biking environ- ment, improvements to existing transit service, and con- nections to key transit nodes including Caltrain. As such, the goals in this Element respond to current conditions and present policies to adequately address future change. Regional Transportation Planning Cupertino's local transportation infrastructure is supple- mented by regional facilities and services through agencies such as the VTA, the local congestion-management agency, the Metropolitan Transportation Commission (MTC), the Bay Area's regional transportation authority, and Caltrans, the State Department of Transportation. Each agency has a long-term plan consisting of policies and projects which are connected to the operational success of Cupertino's local transportation network. Key projects for these agencies include: • Interchange Improvements at Interstate 280/Highway 85 (MTC—Plan Bay Area) • Stevens Creek Bus Rapid Transit (MTC—Plan Bay Area) M-4 CHAPTER 5 Mobility Element Regional transit service primarily includes bus lines oper- ated by VTA that run along the city's major corridors, includ- ing Stevens Creek Boulevard, De Anza Boulevard and Wolfe Road, and portions of Homestead Road, Stelling Road and Tantau Avenue. Regional facilities include a bus transit station at De Anza College and within the Vallco Shopping District. As new development projects are proposed, the City will continue to identify opportunities for improve- ments to bus stop facilities, such as the new Apple Campus 2 area at Wolfe Road, Homestead Road and Tantau Avenue and the Main Street project at Tantau and Stevens Creek Boulevard. A relatively new trend in regional commute transportation is the implementation of private bus and shuttle services to connect workers and major employers throughout the Bay Area. While currently this activity is not regulated or organized among these employers, it is beneficial in the regional effort to reduce the reliance on Single Occupancy Vehicles (SOVs). The One Bay Area Grant Program is a new funding approach that better integrates the region's federal transportation program with California's landmark climate change law (Assembly Bill 32, 2006) and Sustainable Communities Strategy program (Senate Bill 375, 2008). Funding distribution to the counties considers progress toward achieving local land use and housing policies by: • Supporting the Sustainable Communities Strategy for the Bay Area by promoting transportation investments in Priority Development Areas (PDAs); and • Providing a higher proportion of funding to local agen- cies and additional investment flexibility to invest in bicycle and pedestrian improvements, local streets and roadway preservation and planning activities, while also providing specific funding opportunities for Safe Routes to School (SR2S) and Priority Conservation Areas. M-5 COMMUNITY VISION 2040 City of Cupertino The goals and policies included in this Element and the Land Use and Community Design Element seek to take advantage of regional planning and funding efforts. They implement strategies that encourage the location of future growth in Cupertino's Priority Development Areas area along Stevens Creek Boulevard and portions of De Anza Boulevard, and by advocating for improved service and improvements to regional infrastructure. Link Between Land Use and Transportation In order to maintain and enhance the quality of life for Cupertino residents and businesses, it is important to ensure that future growth does not overwhelm the trans- portation network, identify ways to limit greenhouse gas emissions, and improve the health of our community. Land use and mobility policies included in the General Plan seek to do so by working together to focus future growth along major mixed-use corridors and within PDAs. Mobility policies also seek to improve the walking/biking environ- ment and enhance transit to ensure that the transportation network is accessible to people of all ages and abilities, including school children, the disabled and the elderly. These policies also promote connectivity between neigh- borhoods and services, and between key nodes in order to reduce reliance on the automobile as the sole mode of transportation. Complete Streets The California Complete Streets Act (2008) places the planning, designing and building of "Complete Streets" into the larger planning framework of the General Plan by requiring jurisdictions to plan for multi-modal transportation networks. Complete Streets are designed and operated to enable safe access for all users including pedestrians, bicy- clists, the disabled, motorists, seniors, users of public trans- portation and movers of commercial goods. These networks M-6 CHAPTER 5 Mobility Element allow people to effectively travel to key destinations within their community and the larger region. In addition, all trans- portation projects should be evaluated as to their ability to improve safety, access and mobility for all travelers and recognize pedestrian, bicycle and transit modes as integral elements of their transportation system. Cupertino has already begun the work of reviewing the existing street network and looking for new opportunities to improve alternative modes of transportation through the construction of sidewalks, walking paths, bike lanes, trails and bridges across pedestrian barriers, such as the Don Burnett Bridge at Mary Avenue. The goals and poli- cies in this Element seek to continue the work of making enhancements to the transportation network to encourage all modes of transportation. Greenhouse Gases and Transportation A major challenge of today is meeting the energy needs of a growing population while also protecting air quality and natural resources. The majority of greenhouse gas emis- sions can be attributed to carbon dioxide emissions from the transportation sector. A 2010 inventory of Cupertino's community-wide emissions shows that transportation accounts for almost 41 percent of community-wide emis- sions. Therefore, reducing the number of automobile trips, particularly from single-occupancy vehicles, can provide the greatest benefit in reducing greenhouse gas emissions in Cupertino. The goals and policies in this Element work in tandem with other General Plan policies to address issues of M-7 COMMUNITY VISION 2040 City of Cupertino sustainability, health and air quality by taking advantage of opportunities to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. Low-carbon fuels, new and improved vehicle technologies, and land use strategies and infrastructure improvements to reduce the number of vehicle miles traveled can reduce transportation-related emissions significantly. Pedestrians and Bicyclists Cupertino has made considerable strides improving walk- ability and bikeability with new or improved bike lanes, sidewalks and pedestrian connections. However, many older commercial areas and neighborhoods continue to lack a pedestrian and bike-friendly environment where students can safely walk and bike to school, and families can walk or bike to parks and nearby community facilities and shop- ping. This was a consistent theme expressed by participants during public workshops conducted as part of the General Plan Amendment. Areas are generally considered walkable if people can safely walk to schools, parks and services within a half mile (less than10-14 minutes) distance. A bike-friendly city pro- vides a network of streets and paths where people can bike safely and conveniently to community facilities, employment and shopping. The goals and policies of this Element, along with the City's Bicycle Transportation Plan and Pedestrian Plan, seek to further improve and enhance the walking and biking environment through capital improvement projects, development review, and retrofitting existing facilities within older commercial areas and neighborhoods. Figure M-1 identifies existing and planned improvements to bicycle and pedestrian facilities in the city. M-8 CHAPTER 5 Mobility Element Performance Measurement Senate Bill 743 (2013) created a process to change the way that transportation impacts are analyzed under the California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA). The process helps achieve the State's goals for reducing greenhouse gas emissions and traffic-related air pollution, promotes the development of a multi-modal transportation system, and provides clean, efficient access to major destinations. Specifically, the law requires an alternative to automobile level of service (LOS) for evaluating transportation impacts. Particularly within areas served by transit, alternative criteria are required to promote the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions, the development of multi-modal transportation networks, and a diversity of land uses. Like many cities, Cupertino has used LOS as a performance measure to evaluate traffic impacts. Historically, this has led cities to focus entirely on improvements to auto infrastruc- ture, often to the detriment of other modes of transporta- tion. Consistent with State law, this Element seeks to look at performance measures that balance the needs of all modes of transportation, including automobile, walking, biking and transit. Such new measures can range from looking at vehicle miles traveled (VMT) as a measure of balancing land uses to reviewing seconds of delay for all travel modes as a measure of impacts to traffic. This will allow the City to develop and maintain a Transportation Improvement Plan that includes pedestrian, bicycle, transit and automo- bile network enhancements, and Transportation System Management (TSM) and Travel Demand Management (TDM) measures to improve efficiency of the network. M-9 COMMUNITY VISION 2040 City of Cupertino Figure M-1 Current (2014) and Proposed Bicycle Network / Sunnyvale I' Los Altos HOME Ro j —T' `t % ►— I w Santa Clara o / STEVEN CNE BtVD •• 3 �- t i t � t I WCLELL ROAD BOLLINGE RD ' San Jose r1 I � t -- t� Legend RAIN City Boundary I ----- Heart of the City Boundary Urban Service Area Boundary Sphere of Influence / t � i' L ,+___j Boundary Agreement Line Saratoga iUnincorporated Areas Bike Lanes on Street Note:see Complete Streets policy for implementation Bike Paths Off Street Bike Route Right of Way Public Access N 0 0.5 1 Mlle 0 1000 7000 3000 Feet 0 500 1000 Melers M-10 CHAPTER 5 Mobility Element Transportation Network Transportation Systems Cupertino's transportation network consists of a variety of Management (TSM) street types and pathways. The network determines not only how various land uses are connected but also the TSM is an approach to conges- modes of transportation used by people to access them. tion mitigation that identifies Table M-1 defines the various street types and paths in improvements to enhance the terms of their character, adjoining current and future land capacity of existing roadways uses, modes of travel that they currently support, and through better operations. improvements needed to enhance access for all modes of These techniques help improve transportation. traffic flow, air quality and move- ment of vehicles and goods, as Close alignment of the City's Capital Improvement Program well as enhance system accessi- with Community Vision 2040 prorities will allow the City to bility and safety. TSM strategies strategically plan and direct resources to develop this multi- are low-cost and effective, and modal transportation infrastructure. Figure M-2 shows the typically include: intersection geographical locations of the major roadways. and signal improvements; data collection to monitor system performance; and/or special events management strategies. Transportation Demand Management (TDM) TDM seeks to reduce travel demand (specifically that of single-occupancy car) by encouraging other modes of travel through requirements and/or incentives. TDM strate- gies typically include: commute trip reduction programs; parking policies; and/or incentives to take transit or other modes of transportation. Pdl 1 1 COMMUNITY VISION 2040 City of Cupertino TABLE M-1 STREET TYPOLOGY Ty .- Mode( Transportation Guidelines Freeway - ' Limited access, part of a regional and/or State 0 network subject to State design standards. Expressway -- I Limited access, regional and part of a county network subject to County design standards. Boulevard (Arterial) _jAccess and safe crossing for all modes of travel along a regional transportation corridor. May include medians to separate directional travel. City or multi-jurisdictional design standards apply. Main Street Balances all modes of transportation, includes "I on-street parking and connects to highly pedestrian- oriented uses. Vehicular performance measures may be lowered to prioritize walking and biking. Avenue Connector that distributes trips to commercial and (Major and Minor residential areas from boulevards, and provides Collector) balanced levels of service for auto, bikes and pedestrians. Neighborhood Connector W_-% Primarily serves and connects neighborhoods and neighborhood services, and facilitates safe walking and biking. May contain elements of Avenues including landscaped median or bus service. Residential Street Provides access to low-intensity residential uses, prioritizes walking and biking, and are typically good candidates for traffic calming. Regional Pedestrian/ Part of regional network providing high quality Bike Pathway pedestrian and bike paths to connect to other regional destinations. Local Pedestrian/Bike Connects to regional network but part of local Pathway infrastructure, provides quality pedestrian and bike paths connecting local destinations. 2 CHAPTER 5 Mobility Element Figure M-2 Circulation Network Los Altos Sunnyvale 1 HOMESTEAD ROAD: I o Santa Clara v, w LL r� 3 I� STEVENS CREEK BLVD i 1 / M.CLELLAN v aR1— y ( ..y Q BARNHARt AVE ROAD g Z _.---..... L--w1 Q K— w r '�/ 1 HypNNSPORf OR .01 � 1 B LUNGE RD �° COlUM6115 AYE ...w m..,.. d.,..,._.._..m..""w....._..........., San Jose I 1 1 Legend 1 RAINBOW DRIVE ` City Boundary Urban Service Area Boundary l i Sphere of Influence StevengCreek � �' ____ � /" Resew Y J J a I PRO REcr ROA Boundary Agreement Line �* 1 Saratoga I Unincorporated Areas /•� Freeway Boulevards(Arterials) Avenues(Major Collectors) Avenues(Minor Collectors) Neighborhood Connectors Main Street N 0 0.5 1 Mile 0 1000 2000 3000 Feet 0 500 1000 Meters M-13 COMMUNITY VISION 2040 City of Cupertino LOOKING FORWARD Maintaining Cupertino's great quality of life — including convenient access, clean air, and reduced traffic— requires careful management of growth. The City will identify ways to locate appropriate land uses along major mixed-use cor- ridors, improving overall access and connectivity, enhancing the attractiveness of non-vehicular transportation modes, and reducing demand on the roadway network. The fol- lowing are ways the City will address key challenges and opportunities facing Cupertino: 1. Better Linking Land Use and Transportation. How we use our land directly impacts our transportation facili- ties, modes of travel and vice versa. A primary corner- stone of Community Vision 2040 is to focus growth on major mixed-use corridors; support alternate modes of transportation including walking, biking and transit; and encourage a mix of compatible and complementary uses on key sites. These strategies will allow the City to manage growth with reduced traffic, air quality and greenhouse gas impacts. 2. Regional Coordination. The City should continue to participate in regional projects and infrastructure plan- ning to ensure consistency with local planning, and pursue funding for City transportation projects. 3. Connectivity. A key objective of the City is to improve connections through streetscape and pathway improve- ments to ensure that the community enjoys easy walking and biking access to services including parks, schools and shopping. Other strategies seek to supple- ment existing modes of transportation such as commu- nity shuttles through partnerships and agreements and providing links between key transportation nodes. M-14 CHAPTER 5 Mobility Element 4. Demand Reduction. The strategies in this Element seek to reduce demand on the City's roadway infra- structure through careful land use planning, encourage alternative modes of transportation and utilize best practices in Transportation Demand Management and Transportation Systems Management. M-15 COMMUNITY VISION 2040 City of Cupertino GOALS AND POLICIES Regional Coordination Regional transportation and land use decisions affect the operation of the transportation network in Cupertino. A key consideration of the General Plan is for the City to partici- pate in regional planning initiatives in order to coordinate local improvements with regional initiatives, advocate for Cupertino's needs, and take advantage of programs that can support Cupertino's transportation infrastructure. •A ACTIVELY PARTICIPATE IN REGIONAL PLANNING PROCESSES TO COORDINATE • AND TO ADVOCATE FOR DECISIONS COM• NEEDS OF • Policy M-1.1: Regional Transportation Planning Participate in regional transportation planning processes to develop programs consistent with the goals and policies of Cupertino's General Plan. Work with neighboring cities to address regional transportation and land use issues of mutual interest. Policy M-1.2: Transportation Impact Analysis Participate in the development of new multi-modal analysis methods and impact thresholds as required by Senate Bill 743. Policy M-1.3: Regional Trail Development Continue to plan and provide for a comprehensive system of trails and pathways consistent with regional systems, M-16 CHAPTER 5 Mobility Element including the Bay Trail, Stevens Creek Corridor and Ridge Tra i 1. Complete Streets Complete Streets policies encourage the design of streets that respond to the needs of all members of the com- munity, balance different modes of transportation, promote the health and well-being of the community, and support environmental sustainability. •A PROMOTE IMPROVEMENTS TO CITY STREETS THAT SAFELY ACCOMMODATE TRANSPORTATION MODES PERSONS OF ABILITIES Policy M-2.1: Street Design Adopt and maintain street design standards to optimize mobilityfor all transportation modes including automobiles, p g walking, bicycling and transit. Policy M-2.2: Adjacent Land Use Design roadway alignments, lane widths, medians, parking and bicycle lanes, and sidewalks to complement adjacent- land uses to keep with the aesthetic vision of the Planning Area. Improvement standards shall also consider the urban, suburban and rural environments found within the city. Strategy M-2.2.1: Rural Road Improvement Standards. Consider candidate rural roads and develop specific street improvement standards that preserve the rural character of these streets. Rural roads would typically feature natural landscaping, no sidewalks and narrow unpaved shoulders. M 17 COMMUNITY VISION 2040 City of Cupertino Strategy M-2.2.2: Semi-Rural Road Improvement Standards. Consider candidate semi-rural roads where curb and gutter improvements, and no sidewalks, are appropriate. Strategy M-2.2.3: Urban Road Improvement Standards. Develop urban improvement standards for arterials such as Stevens Creek and De Anza Boulevards. In these areas, standards may include wide sidewalks, tree wells, seating, bike racks and appropriate street furniture. Policy M-2.3: Connectivity Promote pedestrian and bicycle improvements that improve connectivity between planning areas, neighborhoods and services, and foster a sense of community. Policy M-2.4: Community Impacts Reduce traffic impacts and support alternative modes of transportation in neighborhoods and around schools, parks and community facilities rather than constructing barriers to mobility. Do not close streets unless there is a demon- strated safety or over-whelming through traffic problem and there are no acceptable alternatives since street closures move the problem from one street to another. Policy M-2.5: Public Accessibility Ensure all new public and private streets are publicly acces- sible to improve walkability and reduce impacts on existing streets. M-18 CHAPTER 5 Mobility Element Walkability and Bikeability Walkability and bikeability policies encourage a livable, healthy, sustainable and connected city with a safe and comfortable pedestrian network among its various neigh- borhoods, parks, trails, employment centers, community facilities, neighborhood centers and commercial centers. O . SUPPORT SAFE PEDESTRIAN AND BICYCLE STREET O. O. PEOPLE OF ALL AGES AND ABILITIES Policy M-3.1: Bicycle and Pedestrian Master Plan Adopt and maintain a Bicycle and Pedestrian master plan, which outlines policies and improvements to streets, exten- sion of trails, and pathways to create a safe way for people of all ages to bike and walk on a daily basis, and as shown in Figure M-1. Policy M-3.2: Development Require new development and redevelopment to increase connectivity through direct and safe pedestrian connections to public amenities, neighborhoods, shopping and employ- ment destinations throughout the city. Policy M-3.3: Pedestrian and Bicycle Crossings Enhance pedestrian and bicycle crossings and pathways at key locations across physical barriers such as creeks, high- ways and road barriers. Policy M-3.4: Street Widths Preserve and enhance citywide pedestrian and bike connec- tivity by limiting street widening purely for automobiles as a means of improving traffic flow. M-19 COMMUNITY VISION 2040 City of Cupertino nd'.eAcuu&cmS.00rAarystretu Policy M-3.5: Curb Cuts _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ . Minimize the number and the width of driveway openings. : _ e - Strategy M-3.5.1: Shared Driveway Access. Encourage -err.m „ — property owners to use shared driveway access and inter- connected roads within blocks, where feasible. Require driveway access closures, consolidations or both when a site is remodeled or redeveloped. ----- - - -- __ - Strategy M-3.5.2: Direct Access from Secondary Streets. Encourage property with frontages on major and second- ary streets to provide direct access to driveways from the i secondary street. wf Policy M-3.6: Safe Spaces for Pedestrians Require parking lots to include clearly defined paths for pedestrians to provide a safe path to building entrances. Policy M-3.7: Capital Improvement Program Plan for improvements to pedestrian and bicycle facilities and eliminate gaps along the network pedestrian and bicycle as part of the City's Capital Improvement Program. Policy M-3.8: Bicycle Parking Require new development to provide public and private bicycle parking. Policy M-3.9: Outreach Actively engage the community in promoting walking and bicycling through education, encouragement and outreach on improvement projects and programs. Policy M-3.10: Quarry Operations Continue enforcement of truck traffic speeds from Stevens Creek and the Lehigh Cement Plant on Stevens Canyon Road, and Stevens Creek and Foothill Boulevards. M-20 CHAPTER 5 Mobility Element Transit Transit policies encourage planning and coordination of regional and local transit services, both public and private, to accommodate diverse community needs and to make transit a safe, comfortable and efficient option. O . "PROMOTE LOCALD REGIONAL TRANSIT THAT IS EFFICIENT, FREQUENT • TRAFFICREDUCES IMPACTS Policy M-4.1: Transit Agencies Coordinate with VTA and to improve transportation service, infrastructure and access in the city, and to connect to transportation facilities such as Caltrain and VTA light rail stations. Policy M-4.2: Local Transportation Services Create or partner with transit providers, employers, educational institutions, and major commercial entities to minimize gaps within local transportation services. Policy M-4.3: Connecting Major Special Areas Identify and implement new or enhanced transit services to connect major Special Areas including De Anza College, North Vallco Park, North De Anza, South Vallco Park, Crossroads, City Center and Civic Center. Policy M-4.4: Transit Facilities with New Development Work with VTA and/or major developments to ensure all new development projects include amenities to support N1 2 1 COMMUNITY VISION 2040 City oCupertino Certino public transit including bus stop shelters, space for transit vehicles as appropriate and attractive amenities such as trash receptacles, seating and lighting. Policy M-4.5: Access to Transit Services Support right-of-way design and amenities consistent with local transit goals to improve transit as a viable alternative to driving. Policy M-4.6: Bus and Shuttle Programs Work with large regional employers and private commuter bus/shuttle programs to provide safe pick-up, drop-off, and park and rides in order to reduce single occupancy vehicle trips. Safe Routes to Schools Safe routes to schools policies protect the safety of school children and promote health, environmental sustainability and social interaction. They leverage local, regional and national Safe Routes to Schools Program resources to sup- port increased walking and bicycling to schools. M-22 CHAPTER 5 Mobility Element •A ENSURE SAFE AND EFFICIENT PEDESTRIAN AND BICYCLE ACCESS TO SCHOOLS WHILE WORKING O REDUCE SCHOOL-RELATED CONGESTION Policy M-5.1: Safe Routes to Schools Promote Safe Routes to Schools programs for all schools serving the city. Strategy M-5.1.1. Coordination with School Districts. Coordinate with the School Districts to develop plans and programs that encourage car/van-pooling, stagger hours of adjacent schools, establish drop-off locations, and encour- age walking and bicycling to school. Strategy M-5.1.2. Teen Commission. Encourage the Teen Commission to work with schools to encourage year-round programs to incentivize walking and biking to school. Policy M-5.2: Prioritizing Projects Ensure that bicycle and pedestrian safety improvements include projects to enhance safe accessibility to schools. Policy M-5.3: Connections to Trails Connect schools to the citywide trail system. Policy M-5.4: Education Support education programs that promote safe walking and bicycling to schools. M-23 COMMUNITY VISION 2040 City of Cupertino Vehicle Parking Vehicle parking policies encourage efficient and adequate parking, avoid negative effects on the pedestrian environ- ment or surrounding neighborhoods, and support the City's goals for Complete Streets, walkability, bikeability and effective transit. GOAL M-6 "PROMOTE INNOVATIVE TO PROVIDE" ADEQUATE PARKING Policy M-6.1: Parking Codes Maintain efficient and updated parking standards to ensure that development provides adequate parking, both on-street and off-street depending on the characteristics Qf the development, while also reducing reliance on the automobile. Policy M-6.2: Off-Street Parking Ensure new off-street parking is properly designed and efficiently used. M-24 CHAPTER 5 Mobility Element Transportation Impact Analysis Transportation Impact Analysis policies enable effective, informed transportation planning by using a more balanced system of indicators, data and monitoring to evaluate the city's multi-modal transportation system and optimize travel by all transportation modes. •A REVIEW AND UPDATEPOLICIES ALLOWAND GUIDELINES THAT • • ADEQUATE CONSIDERATION FOR ALL MODES OF TRANSPORTATION INCLUDING • • C TRANSITWALKING, BICYCLING AND Policy M-7.1: Multi-Modal Transportation Impact Analysis Follow guidelines set by the VTA related to transportation impact analyses, while conforming to State goals for multi- modal performance targets. Policy M-7.2: Protected Intersections Consider adopting a Protected Intersection policy which would identify intersections where improvements would not be considered which would degrade levels of service for non-vehicular modes of transportation. Potential locations include intersections in Priority Development Areas (PDAs) and other areas where non-vehicular transportation is a key consideration. COMMUNITY VISION 2040 City of Cupertino Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Air Quality Greenhouse gas emissions and air quality policies in this Element work in tandem with other General Plan policies to reduce municipal and community-wide greenhouse gas emissions and improve air quality throughout Cupertino. GOAL M-8 PROMOTE POLICIES TO HELP REGIONALACHIEVE STATE, D LOCAL AIR QUALITY GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSION REDUCTION TARGETS Policy M-8.1: Greenhouse Gas Emissions Promote transportation policies that help to reduce green- house gas emissions. Policy M-8.2: Land Use Support development and transportation improvements that help reduce greenhouse gas emissions by reducing per capita Vehicle Miles Traveled (VMT). Policy M-8.3: Transportation System Management (TSM) Programs Employ TSM strategies to improve efficiency of the trans- portation infrastructure including strategic right-of-way improvements, intelligent transportation systems and opti- mization of signal timing to coordinate traffic flow. M-26 CHAPTER 5 Mobility Element Policy M-8.4: Transportation Demand Management (TDM) Programs Require large employers to develop and maintain TDM pro- grams to reduce vehicle trips generated by their employees and develop a tracking method to monitor results. Policy M-8.5: Design of New Developments Encourage new commercial developments to provide shared office facilities, cafeterias, daycare facilities, lunch- rooms, showers, bicycle parking, home offices, shuttle buses to transit facilities and other amenities that encour- age the use of transit, bicycling or walking as commute modes to work. Provide pedestrian pathways and orient buildings to the street to encourage pedestrian activity. Policy M-8.6: Alternative Fuel Charging Stations Develop a city-wide strategy to encourage the construction of a network of public and private alternative fuel vehicle charging/fueling stations. M-27 COMMUNITY VISION 2040 City of Cupertino RoadwaySystem Efficiency Y Roadway system efficiency policies make effective use of roadway capacity by encouraging strategic roadway improvements and complementary policies promoting tran- sit, walking, bicycling and complete streets. O . PROMOTE EFFECTIVE AND EFFICIENT • USE OF '• ' • NETWORK Policy M-9.1: Efficient Automobile Infrastructure Strive to maximize the efficiency of existing infrastructure by locating appropriate land uses along roadways and retrofit- ting streets to be accessible for all modes of transportation. Policy M-9.2: Reduced Travel Demand Synchronization of Traffic Signals. Enhance the synchroniza- tion of traffic signals on major streets to improve traffic flow and reduce congestion. Policy M-9.3: Street Width Except as required by environmental review for new devel- opments, limit widening of streets as a means of improving traffic efficiency and focus instead on operational improve- ments to preserve community character. Strategy M-9.3.1. Wolfe Road Overcrossing. Consider alternate designs for the Wolfe Road/1-280 Interchange (e.g., from partial cloverleaf design to diamond design) when evaluating the need to widen the freeway overcrossing. M-28 _ CHAPTER 5 Mobility Element Strategy M-9.3.2. Streetscape Design. When reviewing the widening of an existing street, consider the aesthetic vision of the Planning Area and incorporate to the extent feasible appropriate landscaping and pedestrian/bicycle amenities. Transportation Infrastructure Transportation infrastructure policies promote safe, attrac- tive and well-maintained facilities for walking, bicycling, transit and automobiles. •A ENSURE THAT THE CITYS TRANSPORTATION INFRASTRUCTURE IS WELL-MAINTAINED FOR ALL THEIRMODES OF TRANSPORTATION AND THAT PROJECTS ARE PRIORITIZED ON ABILITY TO MEET THE CITY'S MOBILITY • • Policy M-10.1: Transportation Improvement Plan Develop and implement an updated citywide transportation improvement plan necessary to accommodate vehicular, pedestrian and bicycle transportation improvements to meet the City's needs. Policy M-10.2: Transportation Impact Fee Ensure sustainable funding levels for the Transportation Improvement Plan by enacting a transportation impact fee for new development. COMMUNITY VISION 2040 City of Cupertino Policy M-10.3: Multi-Modal Improvements Integrate the financing, design and construction of pedestrian and bicycle facilities with street projects. Build pedestrian and bicycle improvements at the same time as improvements for vehicular circulation. Policy M-10.4: Roadway Maintenance Funding Identify and secure new funding sources to fund the on- going routine maintenance of roadways. M -30 L - 9 � F r, .. art ✓ 't P..:m `.��.".^. .�.d „'„y .r, . s” .,„2 n;�,;z;�a«tF X�,e�„�.•.;c a, re:;a xi,• ♦ '� Ddb �„}�.+ v �:} 4� � }Y._.� r • w• �i n a{ M < Y ���`�� ��: ' w e'a,� w•.st,� ter: .�� �"- -�•v:$ yi �' �j"�a.. l'. 4 , + L. � ��';yt �•� �Y' ,� L'�TA'.- .�+.-�4.�' I� ,,{gyp � L� �� � .,J� T `✓iY _ i. 1`' h r s Chapter b ENVIRONMENTAL RESOURCES AND SUSTAINABILITY ELEMENT CHAPTER 6 Environmental Resources and Sustainability Element INTRODUCTION CONTENTS Cupertino's long-term environmental, economic and social Introduction prosperity depends on ensuring that land use planning and ES-4 Context development recognizes the link between the built and Climate Change natural environments. Today, more than half the planet's Air Quality population live in either a city or suburb, and it is projected Energy Buildings that by 2050 more than 80 percent of all people will live Natural Resources within urban areas. Water and other natural resourcesMineral Resources that support cities originates in natural areas, which haveWater become places of vast resource extraction to feed the ES-11 1 Looking Forward needs of a growing human population. As a result, once14 Policies Planning and Regional "untouched" and pristine ecological systems have become Coordination strained by the enormous impact of human activity. Energy Sustainability Sustainable Buildings To support these growing urban and suburban populations, Air Quality while seeking to mitigate their continued demands on our •- - • Rural Ecosystems landscape, cities need to identify and systemically prioritize Mineral Resources ways because human activity has such a large impact on Water the environment, cities need to identify ways to protect and restore natural ecosystems through land use decisions, building designs and resource conservation. This entails that community guardians and planners apply the princi- pals of sustainability, only achieved by embedding social equity, economic and the environmental considerations throughout the development process, including mobility, infrastructure, water and energy use, buildings, streetscape and landscape, and land use planning. This Element includes goals, policies and strategies that help Cupertino think more holistically about sustainability, and in doing so, improve the ecological health and the quality of life for the community. ES-3 COMMUNITY VISION 2040 City of Cupertino CONTEXT Climate Change In 2006, the California Legislature and Governor took sig- nificant steps to address climate change concerns with the passage of the Global Warming Solutions Act (AB 32). The law set a target to reduce California's greenhouse gas emis- sions to 1990 levels by year 2020. In addition, the Governor also signed Executive Order S-3-05 that required California to reduce greenhouse gas emissions (GHG) by 80 percent below the 1990 levels by year 2050. Many initiatives at the State, regional and local levels are being implemented to help achieve these goals. These include: • The Sustainable Communities and Climate Protection Act of 2008 (SB 375) supports the State's climate action goals to reduce GHG emissions through coor- dinated transportation and land use planning. Each of California's Metropolitan Planning Organizations must prepare a Sustainable Communities Strategy (SCS) as an integral part of its Regional Transportation Plan (RTP) to achieve these targets. For the nine-county Bay Area, the Association of Bay Area Governments (ABAG) and the Metropolitan Transportation Commission (MTC) have prepared the One Bay Area Plan as its SCS. This plan contains land use, housing and transportation strategies that allow the region to meet its GHG reduction targets. • The One Bay Area Grant (OBAG) program, which imple- ments transportation funding in coordination with the strategies in the One Bay Area Plan. • The City is in the process of completing its Climate Action Plan (CAP), which aims to address GHG reduc- tions per the targets set in AB 32 and S-3-05. The CAP ES-4 CHAPTER 6 Environmental Resources and Sustainability Element is based on 2040 growth projections for Cupertino. It aims to capture the shortfall projected from State initia- tives by identifying policies and strategies to reduce GHG at a municipal and community-wide level. Air Quality Clean air is a basic need for human and environmental health. Air pollution comes from both mobile sources (e.g., cars, trucks, airplanes) and stationary sources (e.g., agricul- tural and industrial uses). Air quality standards are estab- lished by both the State Air Resources Board and the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. The Bay Area Air Quality Management District (BAAQMD) has the responsibility to create strategies and monitor the targets set by State and Federal standards for the Bay Area. Due to air quality plan- ning efforts, regional air quality has improved significantly over the past several decades, even though the population, traffic and industrialization have increased. BAAQMD's 2010 Clean Air Plan works in tandem with the One Bay Area Plan and identifies strategies to address four categories of pollutants including ground-level ozone, particulate matter, air toxics and GHG. The City's CAP aims to capture the shortfall projected from State initiatives to reduce GHG at a municipal and community-wide level. While standards are a key component in improving air quality, the City's approach towards land use, mobility, infra- structure and operations can have a huge impact. Energy Energy consumption in the United States and in Cupertino is mainly fossil-fuel based (e.g., coal, oil, natural gas, etc.). The continuously rising cost of energy production, together with diminishing non-renewable fossil fuels, has necessi- tated a change towards reduction and efficient use of fossil fuels, and identifying and increasing the use of alternative, renewable energy sources. ES-5 COMMUNITY VISION 2040 City of Cupertino Energy providers are also looking to move their portfolio towards alternative energy sources including wind turbine, nuclear and solar generation. The diminishing cost of installing smaller solar power generation systems is encour- aging the increased use of such facilities by consumers. Additionally, strides in automobile technology utilizing elec- tric batteries and improvements to the network of charging stations allows users confidence in the use of electric cars. Finally, rising energy costs and Federal and State standards on energy usage are encouraging more people to replace existing appliances and other equipment with more energy efficient equipment. Cupertino has continued to express its commitment to con- serving energy by improving municipal operations in order to reduce energy use (e.g., retrofitting or replacing street equipment, vehicles and facilities), and providing resources and information to professionals, residents, businesses and schools to achieve energy and associated cost savings. Buildings The 2010 Greenhouse Gas Emissions Inventory for Cupertino indicates that buildings account for about 55 percent of GHG emissions in the city. This means that State and local efforts towards energy conservation in buildings can significantly affect the community's air quality. While green building strategies can effectively target GHG, they also improve the health of occupants, preserve habitat and natural landscapes, reduce water pollution and conserve other natural resources. State and local efforts to encourage green buildings include the following: • The State routinely updates building code standards to include new energy conservation and green building concepts. The 2013 CalGreen Building Code outlines mandatory and voluntary measures to encourage sus- tainable practices in all aspects of construction such as planning and design; energy and water efficiency and ES-6 CHAPTER 6 Environmental Resources and Sustainability Element conservation; material conservation; resource efficiency; and environmental quality. • Cupertino has adopted a Green Building Ordinance that ensures that new buildings and renovations exceed the sustainability and ecological standards set by the State. Natural Resources Biodiversity Biodiversity refers to the diversity, or variety, of plants and animals in a particular ecosystem, area or region. Cupertino's commitment to sustainability includes sustain- ing the diversity of species in each ecosystem as we plan for human activities that affect the use of land and natural resources. Cupertino's ecosystem ranges from the urban environment in the flatlands to semi-rural and rural environ- ment in the western foothills of the Santa Cruz Mountains. The City has always recognized the importance of sustain- ing biodiversity in the foothills and along riparian corridors. However, a commitment to sustainability will require a different way of thinking about the urban ecosystem. The City has already preserved an 18-acre site and restored creek habitat right in the city to maintain biodiversity and ecological integrity of our local natural systems. The City is now looking at opportunities in the built and natural envi- ronment to sustain and enhance biodiversity. Urban Ecosystems While an urban environment can be stressful for some spe- cies due to pollution and habitat fragmentation, others may thrive in this environment because humans create favorable microhabitats or abundant resources for them. Modified habitats including greenhouses, basements, compost piles and green roofs can help certain plant and animal species thrive better than in natural environments. As Cupertino continues to change and grow, the City is committed to enhancing the urban ecosystem in the form of urban ES 7 COMMUNITY VISION 2040 City of Cupertino forestry management, integration of green infrastructure, treatment of parks and open space, landscape and building requirements. Rural Ecosystems Cupertino's rural plant and animal resources are located in the relatively undeveloped western foothills and mountains, near the Rancho San Antonio Open Space Preserve and along Stevens Creek. Each ecosystem of vegetation pro- vides food and shelter to support a variety of wildlife. The diversity of plant and animal life supported in different eco- systems is identified in Table ES-1 below and Figure ES-1. TABLE PLANT AND ANIMAL RESOURCES Ecosystem Location Plant Resources Animal Resources Riparian 0 Stevens Creek 0 Willow Relatively undisturbed riparian • Grows along stream 0Permanente Creek 0 California Buckeye areas support a wide variety of courses 0Regnart Creek 0 Coast Live Oak wildlife species including: • Valuable habitat for Heney Creek 0 Coyote Brush 0 Amphibians wildlife due to presence Calabazas Creek 0 Poison Oak a Reptiles of water, lush vegetation California blackberry Birds • Mammals and high insect populations Grasslands a Occur on lower slopes of Wild oat Reptilian and mammal species • Composed primarily of western foothills 0 Clover adapted to dry conditions includ- non-native grasses eScattered locations on 0 Rye grass ing: • Formerly used as pasture higher elevations in 0 Vetch Western Fence Lizard Montebello Ridge system • Spring wild flower 0 Western Rattlesnake bloom (such as 0 Common King Snake California Poppy, 0 Burrowing rodents(such as Plantago or Owl Clover) Meadow mice or California ground squirrel Brushlands Found on dry, rocky and Coyote brush 0 Mule deer • Scrubby, dense steep slopes Poison oak 0 Brush rabbit vegetation that aCalifornia sage 0 Bobcat often integrates with Ceanothus 0 Coyote Woodlands Foothill Woodlands and 0 Foothills 0 Oak trees Insect/seed eating birds and Forests Higher elevations Mixed Hardwood trees mammals • Scattered Oak trees with 0 Evergreens including Raptors, including owls an undergrowth in some redwoods 0 Large mammals including areas of plants deer, coyote • Large trees ES-8 CHAPTER 6 Environmental Resources and Sustainability Element Figure ES-1 Vegetation Los Altos Sunnyvale HOMESTEAD ROW— Grass J i a r— d d arian ¢ o lowing m Deciduous Forestm Riparian Intermitant o m a o Santa Clara STEVEN CREEK BE Quarry n�termitart�. 211 of � Wet oil a a McN ROAD R � ROAD Riparian Foothill Flowing S ouIN ER RD Grassland Deciduous Forest/Chaparral Woodland opl San Jose Li Ripa nit ant J Inte it l RAINBOW RIVE Quarry Riparian Grassland PROSPECT RD Grassland Permane t SRevens Creek Saratoga R—., Foothill Coniferous Mixed Woodlan Forest Evergreen Forest Chaparral Grassland Grassland Legend City Boundary Urban Forest Urban Service Area Boundary Sphere of Influence Boundary Agreement Line Unincorporated Areas N 0 0.5 1 Mile 0 1000 2000 3000 Feet 0 500 1000 Meters ES-9 COMMUNITY VISION 2040 City of Cupertino Mineral Resources The State of California, recognizing the value of preserv- ing mineral deposits to achieve a more sustainable future, enacted the Surface Mining and Reclamation Act (SMARA) in 1975. The objective of SMARA is to assist local govern- ments in conserving mineral deposits for future use. There are several mineral resource areas located both in Cupertino's sphere of influence and within the city limit. These mineral resource areas are shown in Figure ES-2. The figure identifies natural resource areas that will be conserved for future extraction, which are outside of the city limits. Two quarries within the city's sphere of influence, Hanson Permanente and Stevens Creek, have been designated by the State as having mineral deposits of regional or state significance. These quarries are located in the unincorpo- rated area outside city limits, and therefore, Santa Clara County has regulatory jurisdiction. The County's mineral resource policies are directed toward preserving existing resource areas and, where feasible, designating new areas and expanding existing sites. The McDonald-Dorsa quarry, which used to operate south of the Deep Cliff Golf Course and Linda Vista Park, was closed in the 1970s and is not a current source of minerals. The site has since been designated as residential, while the portion that is now Linda Vista Park is designated for parks and open space. However, since it was closed prior to SMARA, redevelopment in the area should address soils stabilization and reclamation issues. Water Cupertino's sustainable future is, in part, dependent upon the supply and use of water as well as the effective management of natural watershed resources. In recent ES-10 CHAPTER b Environmental Resources and Sustainability Element Figure ES-2 Mineral Resources ■ Los AltosSunnyvale I HOMEIEA ROAD' c I i w •i i i i �� w / SantClara ? a - g O ST CREEK BLVD • !11 Urban/Suburban Ef t • •�•,� � o t�UA Nloped-DeveROAD Low Density Unsuitable j , � w Hillside- •.. I for Incompatible : Extraction R BOLLWGE RD with 10 10 Extraction ♦ • •• ; San Jose 2 Depleted j RAINS W DRNE Legend r.• City Boundary 'iiia•-••••••••• ,i _ ♦ • ----- Heart of the City Boundary r� R� s„rtek RosPECr ROA Urban Service Area Boundary g r Sphere of Influence Saratoga Boundary Agreement Line Unincorporated Areas Mineral Resource Areas Unincorporated Area Outside theSource:State of California ••••••• Urban/Low Density Hillside Boundary Urban Service Area Resources Agency. is Appropriate Department of Conservation. MRZ-2 Areas where adequate for Conservation- information indicates that significant mineral deposits are and Future present,or where it is judged that a Extraction high likelihood for their presence exists. �� •J MRZ-3 Areas containing mineral 3 deposits the significance of which cannot be evaluated from available j data. N 0 0.5 1 Mile 0 M. 2000 3000 Feet 0 500 1000 Meters ES-11 COMMUNITY VISION 2040 City of Cupertino years, water resource management has moved away from supply side efforts (e.g., creation of dams and reservoirs) to managing how water is used. In particular, this includes emphasizing conservation, stormwater treatment and effi- ciency in infrastructure planning, design and construction of buildings, and land use planning. The following is a list of existing State, regional and local efforts towards water conservation. • The Santa Clara Valley Water District is the groundwater management agency in Santa Clara County. The Santa Clara Valley Groundwater sub-basin provides approxi- mately half of the total county water demands. The District works to maximize water supply, protect the basins from contamination and ensure that groundwater supply is sustained. • The San Francisco Bay Regional Water Quality Board (RWQWB) implements the Clean Water Act for the Bay Area region including the National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) Municipal Storm Water permit which regulates both point source and non-point source pollutants to improve ground water resources and reduce pollution in the bay. This program is dis- cussed in detail in the Infrastructure Element. • Senate Bill X7-7 was enacted in November 2009, requir- ing all water suppliers to increase water use efficiency and sets a goal of reducing per capita urban water use by 20 percent by 2020. The bill includes a short-term target of a 10 percent reduction in per capita urban water use by 2015. • The City of Cupertino has adopted a Water Efficient Landscape Ordinance and Green Building Ordinance to ensure that the city can meet and State and regional targets. ES-12 CHAPTER 6 Environmental Resources and Sustainability Element LOOKING FORWARD Future growth and change in Cupertino provides both a challenge and an opportunity for the City and community. Cupertino is blessed with an abundance of natural and urban ecosystems. In the past, the City has relied on a limited toolkit of policies to ensure that growth and development do not negatively impact natural resources. Great strides have been made in the last decade to promote sustainability, and community support for these initiatives has been growing. In response, the City has created a suite of services and policies, to ensure our community's growth and achievement of its development potential enhances, not hinders, natural resources and bolsters, not impacts, human health. The City now has a much larger array of resources to manage growth, including sustainability practices, new planning and development tools, and performance measures to maintain or enhance natural resources and overall environmental health. 1. Regional Cooperation. Federal, State and regional agencies have been at the forefront of legislation related to sustainability and environmental health. The City should strive to exceed these requirements in areas that are of priority to the community and strengthen regional partnerships to bring in resources for implementing new policies and programs. 2. Ecosystems. In recent years, cities have begun to realize that urban and suburban areas can provide habitat for many plant and animal species. The City will focus policies on a citywide approach (urban and natural environments) towards sustaining and improving urban and suburban ecosystems 3. Sustainability Best Practices. The City will use sustainability principles, striving always to balance social equity with economic and environmental health, when ES-13 COMMUNITY VISION 2040 City of Cupertino evaluating all aspects of new development; mobility and infrastructure improvements; building design and operation; streetscapes and landscaping; and citywide land use planning. 4. Community Involvement. The City will encourage community participation in the planning and implementation of sustainability-related programs. GOALS AND POLICIES Planning and Regional Coordination The City seeks to coordinate its local sustainability and greenhouse gas reduction planning efforts with Federal, State and regional plans and programs to ensure a con- sistent, integrated and efficient approach to a sustainable future. GOAL ES-1 ENSURE A SUSTAINABLE FUTURE FOR THE CITY OF • Policy ES-1.1: Principles of Sustainability Incorporate the principles of sustainability into Cupertino's planning, infrastructure and development process in order to improve the environment reduce greenhouse as p 9 9 emissions and meet the needs of the community without compromising the needs of future generations. Strategy ES-1.1.1: Climate Action Plan (CAP). Adopt, implement and maintain a Climate Action Plan to attain greenhouse gas emission targets consistent with state law and regional requirements. This qualified greenhouse gas emissions reduction plan, by BAAQMD's definition, will allow for future project CEQA streamlining and will identify measures to: ES 14 CHAPTER 6 Environmental Resources and Sustainability Element • Reduce energy use through conservation and efficiency; • Reduce fossil fuel use through multi-modal and alterna- tive transportation; • Maximize use of and, where feasible, install renewable energy resources; • Increase citywide water conservation and recycled water use; • Accelerate Resource Recovery through expanded recy- cling, composting, extended producer responsibility and procurement practices; and • Promote and incentivize each of those efforts to maxi- mize community participation and impacts; • Integrate multiple benefits of green infrastructure with climate resiliency and adaptation. Strategy ES-1.1.2: CAP and Sustainability Strategies Implementation. Periodically review and report on the effectiveness of the measures outlined in the CAP and the strategies in this Element. Institutionalize sustainability by developing a methodology to ensure all environmental, social and lifecycle costs are considered in project, pro- gram, policy and budget decisions. Strategy ES-1.1.3: Climate Adaptation and Resiliency. Conduct a climate vulnerability assessment and set preparedness goals and strategies to safeguard human health and community assets susceptible to the impacts of a changing climate (i.e. increased drought, wildfires, flooding). Incorporate these critical forecasting tools and directives into all relevant Incorporate these into all relevant plans, including the Emergency Preparedness Plan, Local Hazard Mitigation Plan, Dam Failure Plan, Climate Action Plan, Watershed Protection Plan, and Energy Assuredness Plan. ES 15 COMMUNITY VISION 2040 City of Cupertino Policy ES-1.2: Regional Growth and Transportation Coordination Coordinate with local and regional agencies to prepare updates to regional growth plans and strategies, including the Regional Housing Allocation Needs Allocation (RHNA), One Bay Area Plan, Regional Transportation Plan (RTP) and Sustainable Communities Strategy (SCS). Strategy ES-1.2.1: Local Plan Consistency with Regional Plans. Update and maintain local plans and strategies so they are consistent with One Bay Area Plan to qualify for State transportation and project CEQA streamlining. Energy Sustainability Since energy consumption is the largest contributor to GHG emissions, the City seeks to conserve energy to reach state and regional emissions targets. GOAL ES-2 "PROMOTE CONSERVATIONOF ENERGY RESOURCES Policy ES-2.1: Conservation and Efficient Use of Energy Resources Encourage the maximum feasible conservation and efficient use of electrical power and natural gas resources for new and existing residences, businesses, industrial and public uses. Strategy ES-2.1.1: Coordination. Continue to evaluate, and revise as necessary, applicable City plans, codes and procedures for inclusion of Federal, State and regional requirements and conservation targets. Strategy ES-2.1.2: Comprehensive Energy Management. Prepare and implement a comprehensive energy ES-16 CHAPTER 6 Environmental Resources and Sustainability Element management plan for all applicable municipal facilities and equipment to achieve the energy goals established in the City's Climate Action Plan. Track the City's energy use and report findings as part of the Climate Action Plan reporting schedule. Embed this plan into the City's Environmentally Preferable Procurement Policy to ensure measures are achieved through all future procurement and construction practices. Strategy ES-2.1.3: Energy Efficient Replacements. Continue to use life cycle cost analysis to identify City assets for replacement with more energy efficient technol- ogy. Utilize available tools to benchmark and showcase city energy efficiency achievements (i.e. EPA Portfolio Manager, statewide Green Business Program). Strategy ES-2.1.4: Incentive Program. Consider incentive programs for projects that exceed mandatory requirements and promote incentives from state, county and federal gov- ernments for improving energy efficiency and expanding renewable energy installations. Strategy ES-2.1.5: Urban Forest. Encourage the inclusion of additional shade trees, vegetated stormwater treatment and landscaping to reduce the "heat island effect" in devel- opment projects. Strategy ES-2.1.6: Alternate Energy Sources. Promote and increase the use of alternate and renewable energy resources for the entire community through effective poli- cies, programs and incentives. Strategy ES-2.1.7: Energy Cogeneration Systems. Encourage the use of energy cogeneration systems through the provision of an awareness program targeting the larger commercial and industrial users and public facilities. ES-17 COMMUNITY VISION 2040 City of Cupertino Strategy ES-2.1.8: Energy Audits and Financing. Continue to offer and leverage regional partners' programs to conduct energy audits and/or subvention programs for homes, commercial, industrial and city facilities, and recom- mend improvements that lead to energy and cost savings opportunities for participants and encourage adoption of alternative energy technologies. Encourage energy audits to include emerging online and application-based energy analytics and diagnostic tools. Share residential and com- mercial energy efficiency and renewable energy financing tools through outreach events and civic media assets. Strategy ES-2.1.9: Energy Efficient Transportation Modes. Continue to encourage fuel-efficient transportation modes such as alternative fuel vehicles, driverless vehicles, public transit, car and van-pooling, community and regional shuttle systems, car and bike sharing programs, safe routes to schools, commuter benefits, and pedestrian and bicycle paths through infrastructure investment, development incentives, and community education. Strategy ES-2.1.10: Community Choice Energy. Collaborate with regional partners to evaluate feasibility for development of a Community Choice Energy. Sustainable Buildings The City seeks to improve building efficiency from planning, construction and operations to help improve indoor air quality and conserve materials and natural resources. GOAL ES-3 IMPROVE ES-18 CHAPTER 6 Environmental Resources and Sustainability Element PolicyES -3.1: Green Building Design 9 9 Set standards for the design and construction of energy and resource conserving/efficient building. Strategy ES-3.1.1: Green Building Program. Periodically review and revise the City's Green Building ordinance to ensure alignment with CALGreen requirements for all major private and public projects that ensure reduction in energy and water use for new development through site selection and building design. Strategy ES-3.1.2: Staff Training. Continue to train appro- priate City staff in the design principles, costs and benefits of sustainable building and landscape design. Encourage City staff to attend external trainings on these topics and attain relevant program certifications (e.g., Green Point Rater, LEED Accredited Professional). Strategy ES-3.1.3: Green Buildings Informational Seminars. Conduct and/or participate in Green Building informational seminars and workshops for members of the design and construction industry, land development, real estate sales, lending institutions, landscaping and design, the building maintenance industry and prospective project applicants. Strategy ES-3.1.4: Green Building Demonstration. Pursue municipal facility retrofits, through a Green Capital Improvement Program (CIP), and new construction projects that exceed CalGreen and achieve third-party certification criteria (i.e. LEED, Living Building Challenge, Zero Net Energy) as a means of creating demonstration spaces for developer and community enrichment. ES-19 COMMUNITY VISION 2040 City of Cupertino GOAL ES-4 MAINTAIN HEALTHY AIR QUALITY LEVELS Air Quality The City seeks to identify ways to improve air quality in order to reduce emissions and improve overall community health. Policy ES-4.1: New Development Minimize the air quality impacts of new development proj- ects and air quality impacts that affect new development. Strategy ES-4.1.1: Toxic Air Contaminants. Continue to review projects for potential generation of toxic air contami- nants at the time of approval and confer with Bay Area Air Quality Management District on controls needed if impacts are uncertain. Strategy ES-4.1.2: Dust Control. Continue to require water application to non-polluting dust control measures during demolition and the duration of the construction period. Strategy ES-4.1.3: Planning. Ensure that land use and transportation plans support air quality goals. Policy ES-4.2: Existing Development Minimize the air quality impacts of existing development. Strategy ES-4.2.1: Public Education Program. Establish a citywide public education program providing information on ways to reduce and control emissions; and continue to provide information about alternative commutes, carpool- ing and restricting exacerbating activities on "Spare the Air" high-emissions days. ES-20 CHAPTER 6 Environmental Resources and Sustainability Element Strategy ES-4.2.2: Home Occupations. Review and consider expanding the allowable home occupations in resi- dentially zoned properties to reduce the need to commute to work. Strategy ES-4.2.3: Urban Forest. Review and enhance the City's tree planting and landscaping program and require- ments for private development to reduce air pollution levels. Strategy ES-4.2.4: Fuel-efficient Vehicles and Use. Prioritize the purchase, replacement and ongoing use of fuel-efficient and low polluting City fleet vehicles. Update applicable policies and programs to require life cycle cost analyses and include alternative fueling infrastructure review and related funding allocations. Update the Vehicle Use Policy and pursue fleet management best practices to sup- port fuel conservation, scheduled maintenance and fleet fuel tracking. Pursue available grant funding to offset the cost of implementing these programs. Strategy ES-4.2.5: Point Sources of Emissions. Continue to seek the cooperation of the BAAQMD to monitor emissions from identified point sources that impact the community. In addition, for sources not within the regula- tory jurisdiction of the City, seek cooperation from the applicable regulatory authority to encourage reduction of emissions and dust from the point source. Policy ES-4.3: Use of Open Fires and Fireplaces Discourage high pollution fireplace use. Strategy ES-4.3.1: Education. Continue to make BAAQMD literature on reducing pollution from fireplace use available. Strategy ES-4.3.2: Fireplaces. Continue to prohibit new wood-burning fireplaces, except EPA certified wood stoves as allowed by the Building Code. ES-21 COMMUNITY VISION 2040 City of Cupertino GOAL ES-5 PROTECT URBAN . RURAL ECOSYSTEMS Urban and Rural Ecosystems Protecting Cupertino's natural and urban ecosystems sup- ports the City commitment to protect ecosystems and improve sustainability. Policy ES-5.1: Urban Ecosystem Manage the public and private development to ensure the protection and enhancement of its urban ecosystem. Strategy ES-5.1.1: Urban Forest. Ensure that the City's tree planting, landscaping and open space policies enhance the urban ecosystem by encouraging medians, pedestrian- crossing curb-extensions planting that is native, drought- tolerant, treats stormwater and enhances urban plant, aquatic and animal resources. Strategy ES-5.1.2: Built Environment. Ensure that sustain- able landscaping design is incorporated in the develop- ment of City facilities, parks and private projects with the inclusion of measures such as treerotection stormwater P - treatment and planting of native, drought tolerant landscap- ing that is beneficial to the environment. Policy ES-5.2: Development near Sensitive Areas Encourage the clustering of new development away from sensitive areas such as riparian corridors, wildlife habitat and corridors, public open space preserves and ridgelines. New developments in these areas must have a harmonious landscaping plan approved prior to development. ES-22 CHAPTER 6 Environmental Resources and Sustainability Element Strategy ES-5.2.1: Riparian Corridor Protection. Require the protection of riparian corridors through the develop- ment approval process. Policy ES-5.3: Landscaping in and near Natural Vegetation Preserve and enhance existing natural vegetation, land- scape features and open space when new development is proposed within existing natural areas. When develop- ment is proposed near natural vegetation, encourage the landscaping to be consistent with the palate of vegetation P 9 P g found in the natural vegetation. Strategy ES-5.3.1: Native Plants. Continue to emphasize the planting of native, drought tolerant, pest resistant, non-invasive, climate appropriate plants and ground covers, particularly for erosion control and to prevent disturbance of the natural terrain Strategy ES-5.3.2: Hillsides. Minimize lawn area in the hillsides. Policy ES-5.4: Hillside Wildlife Migration Confine fencing on hillside property to the area around a building, rather than around an entire site, to allow for migration of wild animals. Policy ES-5.5: Recreation and Natural Vegetation Limit recreation in natural areas to activities compatible with preserving natural vegetation, such as hiking, horseback riding, mountain biking and camping. ES-23 COMMUNITY VISION 2040 City of Cupertino Policy ES-5.6: Recreation and Wildlife Provide open space linkages within and between properties for both recreational and wildlife activities, most specifically for the benefit of wildlife that is threatened, endangered or designated as species of special concern. Strategy ES-5.6.1: Creek and Water Course Identification. Require identification of creeks and water courses on site plans and require that they be protected from adjacent development. Strategy ES-5.6.2: Trail Easements. Consider requiring easements for trail linkages if analysis determines that they are needed. Mineral Resources The City seeks to minimize the impacts of mineral resource operations on the community. • . MINIMIZE IMPACTS OF AVAILABLE MINERAL Policy ES-6.1: Mineral Resource Areas Cooperatively work with Santa Clara County to ensure that plans for restoration and mining operations at Lehigh Hanson and Stevens Creek quarries consider environmental impacts and mitigations. Strategy ES-6.1.1: Public Participation. Encourage the Santa Clara County to engage with the affected neighbor- hoods when considering changes to restoration plans and mineral extraction activity. Strategy ES-6.1.2: Recreation in Depleted Mining Areas. Consider designating abandoned quarries for passive recre- ation to enhance plant and wildlife habitat and rehabilitate the land. ES-24 CHAPTER 6 Environmental Resources and Sustainability Element Water The City seeks to ensure that current and future water supplies are adequate by reducing water demand and protecting sources of water. GOAL ES-7 ENSUREPROTECTION USE OF R RESOURCES Policy ES-7.1: Natural Water Bodies and Drainage Systems In public and private development, use low impact development (LID) principles to mimic natural hydrology, minimize grading and protect or restore natural drainage systems. Strategy ES-7.1.1: Public and Private Development Plans. Continue to require topographical information; identifica- tion of creeks, streams and drainage areas; and grading plans with development proposals. Policy ES-7.2: Reduction of Impervious Surfaces Minimize stormwater runoff and erosion impacts resulting from development and use low impact development (LID) designs to treat stormwater or recharge groundwater Strategy ES-7.2.1: Lot Coverage. Consider updating lot coverage requirements to include paved surfaces such as driveways and on-grade impervious patios to incentivize the construction of pervious surfaces. Strategy ES-7.2.2: Pervious Walkways and Driveways. Encourage the use of pervious materials for walk- ways and driveways. If used on public or quasi-public ES-25 COMMUNITY VISION 2040 City of Cupertino property, mobility and access for the disabled should take precedence. Strategy ES-7.2.3: Maximize Infiltration. Minimize imper- vious surface areas, and maximize on-site filtration and the use of on-site retention facilities. Policy ES-7.3: Pollution and Flow Impacts Ensure that surface and groundwater quality impacts are reduced through development review and volunteer efforts. Strategy ES-7.3.1: Development Review. Require LID designs such as vegetated stormwater treatment systems and green infrastructure to mitigate pollutant loads and flows. Strategy ES-7.3.2: Creek Clean Up. Encourage volunteer organizations to help clean creek beds to reduce pollution and help return waterways to their natural state. Policy ES-7.4: Watershed Based Planning Review long-term plans and development projects to ensure good stewardship of watersheds. Strategy ES-7.4.1: Storm Drainage a Master Plan. Develop and maintain a Storm Drainage Master Plan which identifies facilities needed to prevent "10-year" event street flood- ing and "100-year" event structure flooding and integrate green infrastructure to meet water quality protection needs in a cost effective manner. Strategy ES-7.4.2: Watershed Management Plans. Work with other agencies to develop broader Watershed Management Plans to model the City's hydrology. Strategy ES-7.4.3: Development. Review development plans to ensure that projects are examined in the context of impacts on the entire watershed. ES-26 CHAPTER 6 Environmental Resources and Sustainability Element Policy ES-7.5: Groundwater Recharge Sites Support the Santa Clara Valley Water District efforts to find and develop groundwater recharge sites within Cupertino and provide public recreation where possible. Policy ES-7.6: Other Water Sources Encourage the research of other water sources, including water reclamation. Policy ES-7.7: Industrial Water Recycling Encourage industrial projects, in cooperation with the Cupertino Sanitary District, to have long-term conservation measures, including recycling equipment for manufacturing and water supplies in the plant. Policy ES-7.8: Natural Water Courses Retain and restore creek beds, riparian corridors, water- courses and associated vegetation in their natural state to protect wildlife habitat and recreation potential and assist in groundwater percolation. Encourage land acquisition or dedication of such areas. Strategy ES-7.8.1: Inter-Agency Coordination. Work with the Santa Clara Valley Water District and other relevant regional agencies to enhance riparian corridors and provide adequate flood control by use of flow increase mitigation measures. Policy ES-7.9: Inter-Agency Coordination for Water Conservation Continue to coordinate citywide water conservation and regional water supply problem solving efforts with the Santa Clara Valley Water District (SCVWD), San Jose Water Company and California Water Company. ES 27 COMMUNITY VISION 2040 City of Cupertino Strategy ES-7.9.1: Water Conservation Measures. Implement the mandatory water conservation measures and encourage the implementation of voluntary water conserva- tion measures from the City's water retailers and SCVWD, in times of drought. Policy ES-7.10: Public Education Regarding Resource Conservation Provide public information regarding resource conservation. Strategy ES-7.10.1: Outreach. Continue to send edu- cational information and notices to households and businesses with water prohibitions, water allocations and conservation tips. Continue to offer featured articles in the Cupertino Scene and Cupertino Courier. Consider providing Public Service Announcements on the City's Channel and Cupertino Radio. Strategy ES-7.10.2: Demonstration Gardens. Consider including water-wise demonstration gardens in some parks where feasible as they are re-landscaped or improved using drought tolerant native and non-invasive, and non-native plants. Policy ES-7.11: Water Conservation and Demand Reduction Measures Promote efficient use of water throughout the City in order to meet State and regional water use reduction targets. Strategy ES-7.11.1: Urban Water Management Plan. Collaborate with water retailers serving the City in the preparation of their Urban Water Management Plan, includ- ing water conservation strategies and programs. Strategy ES-7.11.2: Water Conservation Standards. Comply with State water conservation standards by either adopting the State standards or alternate standards that are equally efficient. ES-28 CHAPTER 6 Environmental Resources and Sustainability Element Strategy ES-7.11.3: Recycled Water System. Continue to work with water retailers to promote and expand the avail- ability of recycled water in the City for public and private use. Strategy ES-7.11.4: Recycled Water in Projects. Encourage and promote the use of recycled water in public and private buildings, open space and streetscape planting. Strategy ES-7.11.5: On-site Recycled Water. Encourage on-site water recycling including rainwater harvesting and gray water use. Strategy ES-7.11.6: Water Conservation Programs. Benchmark and continue to track the City's public and pri- vate municipal water use to ensure ongoing accountability and as a means of informing prioritization of future agency water conservation projects. Strategy ES-7.11.7: Green Business Certification and Water Conservation. Continue to support the City's Green Business Certification goals of long-term water conservation within City facilities, vegetated stormwater infiltration sys- tems, parks and medians, including installation of low-flow toilets and showers, parks, installation of automatic shut-off valves in lavatories and sinks and water efficient outdoor irrigation. ES-29 µ y � , ,• gyp r ^ W ^ • S a � i. 1 ' r I r 0 t. ty , x°. § .�>•e ..... ,r3 m_ } n�g�: ..gip. n t; P� F J{f' f 4 i kkk 1 i 1 CHAPTER 7 Health and Safety Element INTRODUCTION Community health and public safety responsibilities have CONTENTS to evolve to address the community's growth and changing HS-3 Introduction needs. The City is committed to maintaining a high level of preparedness to protect the community from risks to life, Context Emergency Preparedness property and the environment associated with both natural Fire Safety and human-caused disasters and hazards. In the future, Public Safety more emphasis will be placed on sustainable approaches Hazardous to community health and safety, including crime and fire Electromagnetic c anSeismic prevention through design, improved use of technology, •.•. • management of hazardous materials and improved disaster Flood Hazards planning. Noise Looking This Element includes goals, policies and strategies that and Policies address the potential risks associated with these hazards, '• • on Emergency Preparedness actions the City can take to reduce these risks, and SafetyFire ways the City and community can take more sustainable Public Safety approaches for preventing or minimizing injuries to life and Hazardous damages to property. Flooding Noise HS 3 COMMUNITY VISION 2040 City of Cupertino CONTEXT Emergency Preparedness Emergencies can severely impact the health of a com- munity and a city or agency's ability to provide needed services. Emergencies can include natural disasters such as earthquakes, floods and forest fires, or others events such as infrastructure disruptions, security incidents or hazardous spills. Emergency preparedness includes activities that are undertaken before an emergency occurs so there is an effective and coordinated response. Emergency preparedness requires the integration of the following elements into each of the City's functions: emergency planning, coordination, mitigation, training and public education. The City, its contributing agencies, and the community are partners in ensuring that emergency planning is effectively implemented. Cupertino Emergency Plan State law requires cities to prepare an emergency plan in order to effectively respond to natural or human-caused disasters that threaten lives, the natural environment or property. The Cupertino Emergency Plan establishes an organizational framework to enable the City to manage its emergency response activities and to coordinate with County, State and Federal agencies. The Emergency Plan was prepared in accordance with the National Incident Management System (NIMS) and is used in conjunction with the State Emergency Plan, the Santa Clara Operational Disaster Response and Recovery Area Interim Agreement, Santa Clara County Emergency Plan, as well as plans and Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs) of contract agen- cies and special districts. Support personnel such as City staff, special districts and volunteer groups are trained to perform specific functions in the Emergency Operations HS-4 CHAPTER 7 Health and Safety Element Center. The plan is reviewed annually and tested through periodic emergency disaster drills. Emergency Operations Center The enc City'sEmergency p Emer Operations Center EOC is located on the first floor of City Hall, with an alternative location in the Service Center on Mary Avenue. The EOC has the ability to be fully functional within 30 minutes of activation. Capabilities include emergency backup power, computer network and internet access, and telephone and radio com- munications to City and County sites. While the staffing and duties are actively managed through the Emergency Plan, there may be additional physical and seismic improvements required to City Hall to ensure that it can continue to meet the requirements of an EOC. Additional communication support is provided by volunteers from Cupertino Amateur Radio Emergency Service (CARES). CARES volunteers coordinate extensive citywide communications capabilities, including helping to connect neighbors, public safety offi- cials, special districts, City and County Departments. Disaster Service Workers During emergencies, all City employees are designated Disaster Service Workers under Section 3100 of the California Government Code. They are required to remain at work as long as they are needed, and receive specific training in personal and home preparedness, First Aid, CPR, NIMS and Terrorism Awareness. Volunteer groups also play an important role in the City's Emergency Plan. The City is part of a countywide volunteer services plan and is working with the Emergency Volunteer Center, Blockleaders, and Neighborhood Watch to develop a plan for coordinating and deploying volunteers. Citizen Corps members (CARES, CERT and MRC) continue to receive appropriate training and equipment to rapidly HS-5 COMMUNITY VISION 2040 City of Cupertino respond throughout the City and augment professional first responders. Unregistered and untrained volunteers may be utilized and trained, as needed during a disaster. Fire Safety Fire fighting and emergency medical services are provided to the City by the Santa Clara County Fire Department (SCCFD). SCCFD is a full service department that provides similar services to seven other West Valley cities and adjacent county areas. Mutual aid agreements with the neighboring jurisdictions augment SCCFD's fire response capabilities. In addition to fire protection, SCCFD also con- ducts fire prevention inspections and educational programs, including those on Community Emergency Response Team (CERT) training, cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) and first aid certification. Due to Cupertino's geographical location, it is exposed to hazards from both wildland and urban fires. There are approximately 16 square miles of hillsides included in and around the boundary of the city. In 2009, based on vegetation data, topography and potential fire behavior, the California Department of Forestry and Fire Protection (CalFire) identified approximately three acres of the City to be in the High and Very High Fire Hazard Severity Zone. The City adopted this area as its Wildand-Urban Interface Fire Area (WUIFA). Properties in the WUIFA are subject to building and property maintenance standards intended to prevent and manage community safety due to brush and forest fires (Figure HS-1). Planning for such areas also requires attention to the availability of access roads and water for firefighting and evacuation efforts. Santa Clara County lists the Montebello Road/Stevens Canyon area as the fourth highest risk in the county. The road linking Montebello and the Palo Alto Sphere of Influence to the bottom of Stevens Canyon has been improved to acceptable standards for a fire access road. A HS-6 CHAPTER 7 Health and Safety Element fire trail extends from Skyline Boulevard on Charcoal Road to Stevens Canyon. The City requires that all emergency roads be constructed with an all weather surface. It also requires a private emergency access connection between public streets within Lindy Canyon and Regnart Canyon areas. Presently, there are no water systems serving the Montebello Road and upper Stevens Canyon area, with the exception of Stevens Creek itself. Because there is no water service to these areas, the County requires homes to provide individual water tanks and fire sprinkler systems (Figure HS-2). The urbanized portions of Cupertino are not exposed to a high risk of fire. The City is served by a well-managed fire protection service as well as a fire prevention program. Buildings in the City are relatively new and there is a strong code enforcement program, an adequate water supply and a well-maintained delivery system. State, regional and local standards also ensure that new buildings and facilities adequately address issues of fire safety, access, evacuation and fire-fighting requirements. Response time is one metric for measuring level of service for fighting fire and emergency services. It is the policy of SCCFD to respond to 90 percent of emergency calls not requiring a paramedic in under seven minutes. For situations where emergency medical services are required, it is the policy that paramedics arrive in less than seven minutes at least 90 percent of the time. An increase in calls for fire service and traffic congestion may affect SCCFD's critical response time, and the District may need to adjust or expand staff, and equipment in areas of high service demand in the future. Figure HS-3 shows the location of fire stations and their service areas in Cupertino. State and Local Programs The City regulates building construction and site planning through the Uniform Fire Code and the California Building HS-7 COMMUNITY VISION 2040 City of Cupertino Figure HS-1 Wildland-Urban Interface Fire Area (WUIFA) Los Altos _ I Sunnyvale NOMESIFAD I RDAD �. ! I { Q 9 Santa Clara STEVENS CREEK BLVD Nk UAN ROAD r ` W J ( BOLLINGER RD 1i } San Jose I _ I Legend -NBOW DRIVE Unincorporated Areas within Urban Service Area City Boundary l sl--Geek pR05PECT ROAD f RCSf` _ •- _ Urban Service Area Boundary Sphere of Influence /- _ sa•atogz Boundary Agreement Line Unincorporated Areas Urban Wildland Interface N 0 0.5 1 Mile 0 IDOD 2000 3000 Feel 0 SOO 1000 Meters HS 8 CHAPTER 7 Health and Safety Element Figure HS-2 Water Service Cupertino Municipal Water System —California Water Los Altos (Leased to San Jose Water Company) 1 Sunnyvale 1 I ♦ ( — I I HOMESIF� ROAD.. 1 } Y\_ ■ ♦♦ ♦ as r■ m J[IS!anta D a Clara STEVEN r' / Lam.' i ■■■■ Nunn 1 s i � McCIELLAN '.. ■■ ROAD Z Q I{�l' ■ BOLLINGE RD ♦ San Jose San Jose Water Company t RAINB W DRNE �-� Legend City Boundary J S—Cm k ♦ __.__ _. ROSPECT RO x� i ✓ - Urban Service Area Boundary i ♦ � J j SaratSphere of Influence � oga Boundary Agreement Line _ l Unincorporated Areas ■■■1 Water Company Service Areas N o 0.5 1 Mile T0 1000 2000 3000 Feet 0 500 1000 Meters COMMUNITY VISION 2040 City of Cupertino Figure HS-3 Fire Service 1 Sunnyvale Los Altos HoMESTEA 0.,1, 0 o O = S m a 0 i LL Santa Clara Cupertino o Fire Statio 3 STEVEN CREE BLVD Monta Vista Fire Station i MCCLELLAN ROAD ¢ 4 a Z BOLLINGE RD San Jose r1 Legend _ �^ \RAINBO DRIVE L City Boundary L Seven ' Springs Urban Service Area Boundary Fire Station Sphere of Influence ROSPECT ROA 9 Boundary Agreement Line a Sarato9 Unincorporated orated Areas /- '�,._ 3/4 Mile Serivice Area f I 1-1/2 Miles Service Area 2 Miles Service Area N (1-05 1 We 0 1000 2000 3000 Feet 0 500 1000 Meters HS-10 CHAPTER TER 7 Health and Safety Element Code. The City and the SCCFD inspect commercial and industrial buildings for compliance with the applicable codes. In addition, the County Fire Marshal and the Fire Department regulate activities, including weed abatement and brush clearance, in the Wildland Urban Interface Fire Area (WUFIA). Public Safety The City, and a number of surrounding jurisdictions, con- tracts with the Santa Clara County Sheriff's Office, West Valley Division, for law enforcement services. Law enforce- ment services include police patrols, criminal investigations, traffic enforcement, accident investigation and tactical teams. The City's commitment to public safety encom- passes two broad areas of responsibilities: (1) provide public safety services and the planning necessary for the prevention of crime; and (2) plan for a safe environment in which the public is not exposed to unnecessary risks to life and property. Land use planning and site design can play a large role in crime prevention. The City considers design techniques that will minimize potential vandalism and crime when reviewing plans for future developments, including parks, public spaces, commercial, office, industrial and residential uses. These techniques include Crime Prevention Through Environmental Design (CPTED) and "defensible space" con- cepts. Implementation of "defensible space" principles that maintain a balance between privacy needs in residential neighborhoods and the need to ensure safety. The City's Neighborhood Watch Program also encourages neighbor- hood cohesiveness and security by involving the community in the public safety effort. For non-residential areas, design techniques should be implemented that balance aesthetics, function, community-building, access for patrol vehicles, and adequate buffers for low-intensity residential uses. HS-11 COMMUNITY VISION 2040 City of Cupertino Hazardous Materials Hazardous materials are a part of our everyday life in the form of batteries, light bulbs, and household chemi- cals such as pesticides, motor oil, cleaners and paints. They are also used in many commercial and industrial operations. The use, storage and disposal of hazardous materials, including management of contaminated soils and groundwater, is regulated by Federal, State and local laws. The City has adopted a Hazardous Materials Storage Ordinance that regulates the storage of these materials in solid and liquid form. The City's Regulation of Facilities Where Materials Which Are Or May Become Toxic Gases Are Found Ordinance regulates the storage of hazardous materials in gaseous form. Figure HS-4 identifies potential sites within the city that may contain hazardous materials. Since 1990, State law has required that hazardous waste be properly disposed of in approved hazardous waste treatment or disposal facilities. To accomplish this, new treatment methods and facilities have been developed and approved to pre-treat hazardous waste before its final disposal. Under authority of the 1986 "Tanner" Bill (AB 2948), Cupertino, along with 13 other cities, joined the County to develop a comprehensive and coordinated planning approach to hazardous waste disposal. In 1990, a countywide Household Hazardous Waste (HHW) Program was created. In order to supplement the County HHW Program and make the collection of HHW more convenient for residents, the City currently provides a door-to-door hazardous waste retrieval service through its solid waste franchise agreement. Electromagnetic Fields Electromagnetic fields are a physical field produced by electrically charged objects, such has high transmission power lines. The potential health effects of the very low HS-12 CHAPTER 7 Health and Safety Element Figure HS-4 Potential Hazardous Sites Los Altos Sunnyvale 1 f HOMESTEA ROAD •_..: .-, f 1 I rr � u r Q Santa Clara + r s J STEVEN o EI Iii � McCCREEK BLVD LELLAN G < ROAD Z Q � w _1 �BOLLNGE RD m / j •r, San Jose I ti I \ I Legend RAINS W DRIVE City Boundary Urban Service Area Boundary i seem Cv.k i�`� Sphere of Influence ROSPECT RO ` r Boundary Agreement Line / j •..�� Saratoga j Unincorporated Areas Potential Sites N 0 0.5 1 We 0 1000 ]000 3000 Feet 0 500 1000 Meters S COMMUNITY VISION 2040 City of Cupertino frequency EMFs surrounding power lines and electrical devices are the subject of on-going research and a signifi- cant amount of public debate. The US National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) has issued some cautionary advisories but stresses that the data is currently too limited to draw good conclusions. Currently, electro- magnetic fields from transmission lines, electrical and wire- less facilities, and appliances are heavily regulated through Federal and State requirements. Geologic and Seismic Hazards Cupertino is located in the seismically active San Francisco Bay region, which has several active seismic faults. The San Andreas fault, one of the longest and most active faults in the world, is located west of Cupertino. Two additional faults closely associated with the San Andreas fault, the Sargent-Berrocal and Monta Vista-Shannon fault systems, also cross the western portion of the city. Movement on the San Andreas fault is predominantly right-lateral strike-slip, where the earth ruptures in a horizontal fashion, with the opposite sides of the fault moving to the right with respect to each other. Movement on the Sargent-Berrocal and Monta Vista-Shannon faults is more variable in style. Both of these faults are characterized by "thrust" faulting, where a significant amount of vertical "up-down" (so called dip-slip) displacement occurs on an inclined plane, and one side of the fault is elevated (i.e., thrust over) the other side. A.San Andreas Fault B.Sargent-Berrocal Fault Horizontal Offset® of the Ground Surface Horizontally® Vertically Elevated Block Shifted Block Faults within the Cupertino planning area are characterized by(A)Horizontal and(B) FaultType:® Right Lateral® Fault Type:® Thrust(Dip-Slip)Fault® Vertical displacements. ® (Strike-Slip)Fault® Displacement:®Vertical Displacementg Horizontal HS-14 CHAPTER 7 Health and Safety Element EXPLANATIONSTABLE HS-1 OF • • HAZARDS • ■ Description (F)—Fault Rupture Area of potential surface fault rupture hazard within 300 feet east and 600 feet west of the Monta Vista and Berrocal faults,and within 600 feet of the San Andreas fault. Area includes all recognized landslide deposits, and steep walls of Stevens Creek canyon,with a moderate (S)—Slope Instability to high landslide potential under static or seismic conditions.Area also reflects the mapped zone of potential earthquake-induced landsliding prepared by the California Geological Survey(2002). (H)—Hillside Area contains moderate to steep slope conditions not included in the above categories,with an undetermined potential for slope instability. (L)—Liquefaction/ Area where local geological, geotechnical and groundwater conditions indicate a potential for liquifaction Inundation under seismic conditions. Much of this area also has the potential for periodic flood inundation.The Liquifaction/Inundation Zone is stippled where covered by an overlaying Fault Zone. (V)—Valley Area includes all relatively level valley floor terrain not included in the above categories with relatively low levels of geologic hazard risk. I FiNVIII I IVA Ilk • . . A Distance from MaXiMUM De Anza/SCB Historic Moment ... . Intersection Magnitude Magnitude • .. San Andreas 5.5 miles 7.9 7.9 220 years San Andreas System Hayward(South) 10 miles 7.0 7.0 236 years Calveras(Central) 14 miles 6.3 7.0 374 years Sargent-Berrocal 3.5 miles 3.7-5.0 6.8 330 years Sargent-Berrocal System Monta Vista-Shannon 2 miles 2.0-3.0 6.8 2400 years HS 15 COMMUNITY VISION 2040 City of Cupertino Figure HS-5 Geologic and Seismic Hazards Ng r Los Altos Sunnyvale ....- HOMESTEAD ROAD �.... r ,J _ ........ _..,.._. _..._.. x' H T L ( anta Clara 0 3 STEVENS CREEK BLVD I F '9rd V i % pp *fir • McCLELLAN r N d0 ✓,yd Q ROAD Z � m m San Jose i ./ j ii '; t IFRAINBOW DRIVE r"—"-- / Stevens Creek --- iROSPKT RD — ' Saratoga a� -f Legend . ."— Fault Rupture 3 IF r Slope Instability VA �' - - Hillside ---- Inundation/Liquefaction Valley Floor eryuy Known Fault Inferred Fault 11Iaaaatt Concealed Fault Urban Service Area Boundary Boundary Agreement Line N 0 0.5 7 Mile 0 1000 2000 3000 Feet ED 0 500 1000 Meters HS-16 CHAPTER 7 Health and Safety Element TABLE EXPOSUREACCEPTABLE TO TO VARIOUS Acceptable Land Use Group Extra Project Cost to Reduce Exposure to Risk Risk to Acceptable Level VULNERABLE STRUCTURES(nuclear reactors, Group 1 large dams,plants manufacturing/storing As required for maximum attainable safety hazardous materials) VITAL PUBLIC UTILITIES,(electrical transmission Design as needed to remain functional after max.prob. Group 2 interties/substantions,regional water pipelines, earthquake on local faults treatment plants,gas mains) COMMUNICATION/TRANSPORTATION (airports,telephones,bridges,freeways,evac. 5%to 25%of project cost routes) Extremely Low SMALL WATER RETENTION STRUCTURES Group 3 EMERGENCY CENTERS(hospitals,fire/police Design as needed to remain functional after max.prob stations,post-earthquake aide stations,schools, earthquake on local faults City Hall and Service Center,De Anza College) INVOLUNTARY OCCUPANCY FACILITIES (schools,prisons,convalescent and nursing Group 4 homes) Design as needed to remain functional after max.prob. earthquake on local faults HIGH OCCUPANCY BUILDINGS(theaters, hotels,large office/apartment bldgs.) PUBLIC UTILITIES,(electrical feeder routes,water 5%to 25%of project cost supply turnout lines,sewage lines) Moderately Low Group 5 Design to minimize injury,loss of life during maximum FACILITIES IMPORTANT TO LOCAL ECONOMY probable earthquake on local faults;need not design to remain functional MINOR TRANSPORTATION(arterials and parkways) Group 6 LOW-MODERATE OCCUPANCY BUILDINGS 2%of project cost;to 10%project cost in extreme cases (small apartment bldgs.,single-fam.resid., motels,small commercial/office bldgs.) Ordinary Risk VERY LOW OCCUPANCY BUILDINGS Level Design to resist minor earthquakes(warehouses,farm structures)w/o damage;resist mod.Earthquakes w/o Group 7 OPEN SPACE&RECREATION AREAS(farm land, struc.damage,with some nonstruct.damage;resist landfills,wildlife areas) major earthquake(max.prob.on local faults w/o collapse,allowing some struc.&non-struc.damage HS-17 COMMUNITY VISION 2040 City of Cupertino INVESTIGATIONSTABLE HS-4 • ' ON ACCEPTABLE RISK Hazard Map Symbol Land Use Activity Evaluation Required Evaluation Required UBC UBC Groups 1 to 4 Soils Soils Geology Seismic Hazard Seismic Hazard UBC UBC Groups 5 to 7 Soils Geology Descriptions of Technical Evaluations: UBC Current, adopted version of the California Building Code Soils Soils and foundation investigation to determine ability of local soil conditions to support structures Geology Determine subsidence potential, faulting hazard, slope stability (See Geologic Map for additional detail) Seismic Detailed Soils/Structural evaluation to certify adequacy Hazard of normal UBC earthquake regulations or to recommend more stringent measures Seismic Hazard Detailed Soils/Structural evaluation to certify adequacy of normal UBC earthquake regulations or to recommend more stringent measures HS-18 CHAPTER 7 Health and Safety Element Primary geologic hazards in Cupertino are related to landslides and seismic impacts. Seismically induced ground shaking, surface fault rupture, and various forms of earthquake-triggered ground failure are anticipated within the city during large earthquakes. These geologic hazards present potential impacts to property and public safety. Tables HS-1 through HS-4 briefly explain seismic hazards, magnitude and occurrence, acceptable exposure rise, and technical investigations required based on acceptable risk. Figure HS-6 identifies the areas in Cupertino susceptible to the greatest risk. Also see Technical Appendix E for additional information on geologic and seismic hazards and risks. Following the 1983 Coalinga and 1994 Northridge earthquakes, scientists became increasingly aware of earthquakes generated by faults not previously observed at the earth's surface. These types of faults are called "blind faults," and represent a type of thrust fault that does not rupture completely to the surface. It is possible that one or more "blind faults" are present in the Monta Vista-Shannon fault system. Flood Hazards Floods are surface hydrological hazards that can have a significant, and sometimes, long lasting effect on a com- munity. Floods can originate from various sources including heavy rainstorms, landslides and/or dam failure. Sediment deposits also increase flood risks because they clog the drainage system as well as the natural percolation function of the streambeds. Rain related floods are the most common type of floods, and usually occur during periods of extended heavy rainfall. Landslides can generate floods by creating water basins where if the pressure being exerted on the blockage is not relieved, it could collapse, releasing large volumes of water HS 19 COMMUNITY VISION 2040 City of Cupertino Figure HS-6 Facility Failure Sunnyvale Los Altos � r� 1 •Cristo Rey Tank 0+30 Mi 2 Mil.Gal. >: Proposed Tan g ann rive Tank 4 ` 61.3 Acre Feet 1 Mil.Gal. S Santa Clara 20 Mil Gal. v u 3 8 �j a 3 STEVEN CREEK BLVD Voss Ave.Pon �y 0+1 Min. 8-10 Acre Fee cedesTanks McQELIAN A(2)2 Mil.Gal. ROAD t 2.2 Acre Feet o F 4 Mil.Gal.i m )J m BOLLINGE RD_ L ��..... �., San Jose \ Regnart Tanks / I 1. 20 Mil.Gal. i egnart Canyon TankLegend 0.16 Mil.Gal. RAIN W DRIVE Rainbows En j City Boundary ( Tank 0.30 Mil.\I. � Urban Service Area Boundary Stevens Creeks 10 RosvEcr Sphere of Influence J Reservoir Regnart Heights Tank Boundary Agreement Line 3700 Acre Feet 0.14 Mil.Gal. Saratoga 1 Bil.200 Mil.Gal -- -, Unincorporated Areas Flood Limit Natural or Man-Made Water Course Note: Flood inundation area for failure of Stevens Creek Reservoir is based upon maximum 3700 acre feet storage capacity. N 0 0.5 1 Mile 0 1000 300Feet 0 500o 10 Meters (D HS-20 CHAPTER 7 Health and Safety Element Figure HS-7 100-Year Flood Los Altos Sunnyvale L HOME i 100-Yepr Flood a Contained In g i� Channel LL Santa Clara 3 I �^ STEVEN CREEK BLVD � McCLEUAN < a 14, 1 i y ROAD e� 9 I I�I 1 IL BOLLINGE R„�.,..�. i t to San Jose 100-Year Flood i Contained In Channel a Rarve of MWE /a Legend � g RCAJ I City Boundary l a..► i � — — ECT t Urban Service Area Boundary Saratoga Sphere of Influence ry I Bounda Agreement Line� 9 ---- Unincorporated Areas �^ Flood Limit —. Natural or Man-Made Water Course Highway Major Road N 0 O.S 1 Mile T0 1000 2000 3000 Feet 0 Soo 1000 Meters HS 21 COMMUNITY VISION 2040 City of Cupertino and potentially causing injuries to people and/or damaging property. The largest body of water within the area is the Stevens Creek Reservoir. Stevens Creek Dam meets current dam safety standards and the probability of its failure is minimal (Figure HS-6). The watersheds in the Santa Cruz Mountain Range feed into four major streambeds that traverse the City: Permanente Creek, Stevens Creek, Regnart Creek, and Calabazas Creek. (Figure HS-7). Stevens Creek and its streamside are among the natural elements that have the most influence on Cupertino's character. These creeks collect surface runoff and channel it to the Bay. However, they also pose potential flooding risks if water levels exceed the top of bank as a result of heavy runoff. The City and the Santa Clara Valley Water District are actively involved in programs to minimize the risk of flooding. The City developed an approach to land use for the non-urbanized flood plain of Stevens Creek south of Stevens Creek Boulevard in the Land Use Element. This ensures the preservation of the 100-year flood plain and the protection of the riparian corridor along this portion of Stevens Creek. The City and the Water District also developed a flood management program for the flood plain of Stevens Creek between Interstate 280 and Stevens Creek Boulevard while preserving the natural environment of Stevens Creek. Structural improvements, while not preferred, may be necessary, to protect properties from a 100-year flood. Noise The noise environment is an accumulation of many different sources, ranging from human voices to major sources such as freeway traffic. The degree to which noise becomes an annoyance depends on a variety of factors including noise level, time of day, background sounds, and surrounding land use. HS-22 CHAPTER 7 Health and Safety Element Community Noise Fundamentals The three elements of community noise are noise level, noise spectrum, and variation in noise level with time. Noise level is measured in decibels (dB). Noise is composed of various frequencies within a noise spectrum that define the character of the noise. Since human hearing is more sensi- tive to the higher speech frequencies, the A-weighted fre- quency network is applied, in accordance with national and international standards, to adjust the measured noise level to more closely relate to human perception of loudness. Noise environments have different characteristics that vary with duration and time of freeway day; for instance a f Y Y ma Y emit a fairly constant noise level for long periods while an airport may emit many short-term high level noise events punctuated by extended periods of quiet. To provide a standard measure for community noise exposure that takes into account the time-varying characteristics, the State of California adopted the Community Noise Equivalent Level (CNEL) as the standard metric. The CNEL is a 24-hour energy average metric that penalizes evening and nighttime noise, and provides a uniform measure for time-varying noise environments. Noise Environment The noise environment can generally be divided into two categories: transportation-related and non-transportation related noise. Traffic noise is the greatest contributor to noise pollution in Cupertino and one of the most dif- ficult to control through local effort. Two major freeways (Interstate 280 and Highway 85) and four major corridors (Stevens Creek Boulevard, De Anza Boulevard, Homestead Road, and Foothill Boulevard ) cross Cupertino. These roadways are utilized not only by local residents and employees, but also by commuters to destinations beyond Cupertino. Heavy-duty trucking operations to and from the Hanson Permanente Cement Plant and Stevens Creek HS-23 COMMUNITY VISION 2040 City of Cupertino Quarry located in the western foothills near Stevens Creek Boulevard and Foothill Boulevard are also a significant transportation-related noise contributor. Cupertino receives some aircraft noise from facilities within the region including San Jose International Airport, Moffett Federal Airfield and Palo Alto Airport; however, the Cupertino city limit does not fall within the identified noise contours of any airport. One railroad line passes through the Monta Vista neighborhood and connects with the Hanson Permanente Cement Plant. This freight railway operates at very low frequencies, with approximately three train trips in each direction per week, usually during the daytime or early evening. Non-transportation noise varies from stationary equip- ment (e.g., air conditioning units) to construction activity. Regulation to minimize excessive noise from non-transpor- tation sources includes compliance with the City's noise standards that limit certain noise-generating activity during evening and early morning, when ambient noise levels tend to be lower. Advancements in technology to muffle sound also reduce noise from construction equipment and station- ary equipment such as compressors and generators. Land Use Compatibility The Cupertino Municipal Code, Title 10, outlines the maximum noise levels on receiving properties based upon land use types (Figure HS-8). Land use decisions and the development review process play a large role in minimizing noise impacts on sensitive land uses. Noise compatibility may be achieved by avoiding the location of conflicting land uses adjacent to one another and incorporating buffers and noise control techniques including setbacks, landscap- ing, building transitions, site design, and building construc- tion techniques. Selection of the appropriate noise control technique will vary depending on the level of noise that needs to be reduced as well as the location and intended land use. HS-24 CHAPTER 7 Health and Safety Element Figure HS-8 Land Use Compatibility for Community Noise Environments Land Use Category Community Noise Exposure (L&or CNEL,de) Normally Acceptable 55 60 6S 70 75 80 Specified land use is satisfactory, Residential-Low Density based upon the assumption that any (Single Family,Duplex, buildings involved are of normal Mobile Homes) conventional construction,without any special noise insulation requirements. Residential-Multi Family D Transient Lodging Conditionally Acceptable (Motels,Hotels) New construction or development should be undertaken only after a detailed analysis of the noise Schools,Libraries,Churches, reduction requirements is made and Hospitals,Nursing Homes needed noise reduction features included in the design.Conventional Auditoriums,Concert Halls, construction,but with closed windows Amphitheaters and fresh air supply systems or air conditioning will normally suffice. Sports Arena,Outdoor Spectator Sports - Normally Unacceptable Playgrounds, New construction or development Neighborhood Parks should generally be discouraged.If new construction or development Golf Courses,Riding Stables, does proceed,a detailed analysis of Water Recreation,Cemeterie the noise reduction requirements must be made and needed noise insulation features included in the Office Buildings,Commercial design. and Professional Centers Industrial,Manufacturing, - - Clearly Unacceptable Utilities,Agriculture New construction or development should generally not be undertaken. ItrpreLmLtrvr Sounds"Snund lrYP4 1�p vr.rnr+e��itwry C�'r rawm ra+hy 139 Homr or lOrwdowl 110 'r ft t y Undae+i Anvow.twr 'nr.Y,nJ•,: I,;... Ila 9r;rw:sa}matbrs RMbut�c� .s.�: 1 tna4rrpdin 4amrrrr i- " � bt+iv9t/�?t+t� lOi0!�4X•f � i•.vT M�^�k YM1 To ►rte°pna."rJ''r rnrrpw+mend Kaoean�loc, � Yx:wr'f.tM-arnrttt t.we7e arrnrdkn7nr.}u�rvt C175C`7. � c4�t�tre;.:,nckt�kt i.upr nanriamr,thX'7 sA W Yw:•, S6 f rherr 6r+1•.1'rn Y,eJ�ri gip/-'Wr,Kiu 11 14 II r+dv�,trlt?d6 HS-25 COMMUNITY VISION 2040 City of Cupertino LOOKING FORWARD As Cupertino's resident and employee population grows, the City must identify ways to ensure public safety and support the community's high quality of life. Innovative site design and construction techniques are needed to reduce noise in developments near major corridors and where uses are mixed to ensure compatibility. Fire protection and public safety should be enhanced in a manner that provides a high quality of service while continuing to be fiscally responsible. The following are ways the City will address key challenges and opportunities facing Cupertino: 1. Noise. As State, regional and local policies encourage mixed-use development near corridors, the City should look to ways to reduce noise impacts on residences near and in such developments through site design, landscaping and construction techniques. Additionally, the City should review locations and site design for sensitive uses including schools, childcare facilities and hospitals to ensure that they are not negatively impacted by noise. 2. Project Design and Operations. Measures such as project and building design, emergency access, opera- tions and maintenance of property, can help develop- ments promote public and fire safety. Such measures will also allow the providers to maintain a high service level, while accommodating future growth. 3. Community Participation. The City and service provid- ers should enhance community participation through new and existing programs such as neighborhood watch, emergency preparedness and school programs. 4. Shared Resources. The City can enhance emergency, fire safety and public safety services by coordinating programs with service providers and neighboring cities through shared services, mutual aid and agreements. HS-26 CHAPTER 7 Health and Safety Element GOALS AND POLICIES Regional Coordination The City seeks to coordinate its local requirements and emergency planning efforts with Federal, State and region- al resources to ensure a consistent, integrated and efficient approach to emergency planning. GOAL HS-1 REDUCE ARD RISKS THROUGH REGIONAL •• 'D • MITIGATION Policy HS-1.1: Regional Hazard Risk Reduction Planning Coordinate with Santa Clara County and local agencies to implement the Multi-Jurisdictional Local Hazard Mitigation Plan (LHMP) for Santa Clara County. Strategy HS-1.1.1. Monitoring and Budgeting. Monitor and evaluate the success of the LHMP, including local strategies provided in the Cupertino Annex (Section 11). Working with Santa Clara County, ensure that strategies are prioritized and implemented through the Capital Improvement Program and provide adequate budget for on-going programs and department operations. Strategy HS-1.1.2. Mitigation Incorporation. Ensure that mitigation actions identified in the LHMP are being incor- porated into upcoming City sponsored projects, where appropriate. Strategy HS-1.1.3. Hazard Mitigation Plan Amendments and Updates. Support Santa Clara County in its role as the lead agency that prepares and updates the Local Hazard Mitigation Plan. HS-27 COMMUNITY VISION 2040 City of Cupertino Policy HS-1.2: Sea Level Rise Protection Ensure all areas in Cupertino are adequately protected for the anticipated effects of sea level rise. Strategy HS-1.2.1. Monitor Rising Sea Level. Regularly coordinate with regional, state, and federal agencies on ris- ing sea levels in the San Francisco Bay and major tributaries to determine if additional adaptation strategies should be implemented to address flooding hazards. This includes monitoring FEMA flood map updates to identify areas in the city susceptible to sea level rise, addressing changes to state and regional sea and bay level rise estimates, and coordinating with adjacent municipalities on flood control improvements as appropriate. Strategy HS-1.2.2. Flood Insurance Rate Maps. Provide to the public, as available, up-to-date Flood Insurance Rate Maps (FIRM) that identify rising sea levels and changing flood conditions. Emergency Preparedness The City seeks to focus on planning and education to prepare and enlist the community in the management of disasters and emergencies. GOAL HS-2 ENSURE A HIGH LEVEL OF EMERGENCY PREPAREDNESS O. NATURAL DISASTERS Policy HS-2.1: Promote Emergency Preparedness Distribute multi-hazard emergency preparedness infor- mation for all threats identified in the emergency plan. Information will be provided through Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation (CPR), First Aid and Community Emergency Response Team (CERT) training, lectures and seminars on HS-28 CHAPTER 7 Health and Safety Element emergency preparedness, publication of monthly safety articles in the Cupertino Scene, posting of information on the Emergency Preparedness website and coordination of video and printed information at the library. Policy HS-2.2: Emergency Operations and Training Ensure ongoing training of identified City staff on their functions/responsibilities in the EOC and in disaster pre- paredness, first aid and CPR. Strategy HS-2.2.1: Emergency Operations Center (EOC). Review options to provide functional and seismic upgrades to the EOC facility at City Hall or explore alternative loca- tions for the EOC. Strategy HS-2.2.2: Employee Training. Conduct regular exercises and participate in regional exercises to ensure that employees are adequately trained. Policy HS-2.3: Volunteer Groups Continue to encourage the ongoing use of volunteer groups to augment emergency services, and clearly define responsibilities during a local emergency. Strategy HS-2.3.1: Cupertino Citizens Corps. Continue to support the Cupertino Amateur Radio Emergency Services (CARES), Community Emergency Response Team (CERT) and Medical Reserve Corp (MRC) programs to ensure the development of neighborhood based emergency prepared- ness throughout the City. Encourage ongoing cooperation with CERTs in other cities. Strategy HS-2.3.2: Community Groups. Continue pre- disaster agreements with appropriate community groups to provide specified post-disaster assistance, through the Emergency Services Coordinator and with the advice of the City Attorney. Strategy HS-2.3.3: American Red Cross. Continue to implement the American Red Cross agreements under the HS-29 COMMUNITY VISION 2040 City of Cupertino direction of the Director of Emergency Services during a disaster. Strategy HS-2.3.4: Shelter Providers. Continue the agree- ment with designated shelter sites to provide space for emergency supply containers. Strategy HS-2.3.5: Amateur Radio Operators. Continue to support training and cooperation between the City and Cupertino Amateur Radio Emergency Service (CARES) to prepare for emergency communications needs. Policy HS-2.4: Emergency Public Information Maintain an Emergency Public Information program to be used during emergency situations. Strategy HS-2.4.1: Communication Methods. Use the local TV channel, Cupertino Alert System (CAS), the Internet and other communication methods to transmit information to the citizenry. Strategy HS-2.4.2: Public Information Office. Activate the Public Information in coordination with the Sheriff and the Fire Department to provide accurate information to the public as needed. Policy HS-2.5: Disaster Medical Response Continue to coordinate with the appropriate County agen- cies and local emergency clinics to ensure preparedness and provide disaster medical response. Coordinate with the CERT members throughout the City to ensure that they are prepared to provide emergency support and first aid at the neighborhood level. Strategy HS-2.5.1: Memorandum of Understanding (MOU). Develop a MOU with local emergency clinics. The County's role and involvement in emergencies should be considered in development of the MOU. HS-30 CHAPTER 7 Health and Safety Element Policy HS-2.6: Military Facilities and Readiness Consider the impact of development on neighboring military facilities and maintain military airspace to ensure military readiness. Fire Safety The City seeks to provide direction to the Santa Clara County Fire Department (SCCFD) on ways to better protect the community from natural and human-made fire disasters, and implement local policies to improve building and site design. GOAL HS-3 PROTECT" • FROM HAZARDS ASSOCIATED WILDLAND AND URBAN FIRES Policy HS-3.1: Regional Coordination Coordinate wildland fire prevention efforts with adjacent jurisdictions. Encourage the County and the Midpeninsula Open Space District to implement measures to reduce fire hazards, including putting into effect the fire reduction poli- cies of the County Public Safety Element, continuing efforts in fuel management, and considering the use of "green" fire break uses for open space lands. Policy HS-3.2: Early Project Review Involve the Fire Department in the early design stage of all projects requiring public review to assure Fire Department input and modifications as needed. Policy HS-3.3: Emergency Access Ensure adequate emergency access is provided for all new hillside development. HS 31 COMMUNITY VISION 2040 City of Cupertino Strategy HS-3.3.1: Roadway Design. Create an all-weather emergency road system to serve rural areas. StrategyHS-3.3.2: Dead-End Street Access. Allow public use of private roadways during an emergency for hillside subdivisions that have dead-end public streets longer than 1,000 feet or find a secondary means of access. Strategy HS-3.3.3: Hillside Access Routes. Require new hillside development to have frequent grade breaks in access routes to ensure a timely response from fire personnel. Strategy HS-3.3.4: Hillside Road Upgrades. Require new hillside development to upgrade existing access roads to meet Fire Code and City standards. Policy HS-3.4: Private Residential Electronic Security Gates Discourage the use of private residential electronic security gates that act as a barrier to emergency personnel. Strategy HS-3.4.1: Location. Require a fence exception for electronic security gates in certain areas. Strategy HS-3.4.2: Access to Gates. Where electronic security gates are allowed, require the installation of an approved key switch to be accessed by the Fire District. Policy HS-3.5: Commercial and Industrial Fire Protection Guidelines Coordinate with the Fire Department to develop new guidelines for fire protection for commercial and industrial land uses. HS-32 CHAPTER 7 Health and Safety Element Policy HS-3.6: Fire Prevention and Emergency Preparedness Promote fire prevention and emergency preparedness through city-initiated public education programs, the gov- ernment television channel, the Internet, and the Cupertino Scene. Policy HS-3.7: Multi-Story Buildings Ensure that adequate fire protection is built into the design of multi-story buildings and require on-site fire suppression materials and equipment. Policy HS-3.8: Extension of Water Service Encourage the water companies to extend water service into the hillside and canyon areas and encourage coop- eration between water utility companies and the Fire Department in order to keep water systems in pace with growth and firefighting service needs. Public Safety The City seeks to support public safety through improved police services and better site design. GOAL HS-4 ENSURE HIGH LEVEL OF • SAFETY WITH POLICE SERVICES THAT COMMUNITY'SMEET THE Policy HS-4.1: Neighborhood Awareness Programs Continue to support the Neighborhood Watch Program and other similar programs intended to help neighborhoods prevent crime through social interaction. HS- 33 COMMUNITY VISION 2040 City of Cupertino Policy HS-4.2: Crime Prevention through Building and Site Design Consider appropriate design techniques to reduce crime and vandalism when designing public spaces and reviewing development proposals. Strategy HS-4.2.1: Perimeter Roads for Parks. Encircle neighborhood parks with a public road to provide visual accessibility whenever possible. Strategy HS-4.2.2: Development Review. Continue to request County Sheriff review and comment on develop- ment applications for security and public safety measures. Policy HS-4.3: Fiscal Impacts Recognize fiscal impacts to the County Sheriff and City of Cupertino when approving various land use mixes. GOAL HS-5 ASSOCIATEDREDUCE RISKS GEOLOGIC AND SEISMIC HAZARDS Policy HS-5.1: Seismic and Geologic Review Process Evaluate new development proposals within mapped potential hazard zones using a formal seismic/geologic review process. Use Table HS-3 of this Element to deter- mine the level of review required. Strategy HS-5.1.1: Geotechnical and Structural Analysis. Require any site with a slope exceeding 10 percent to refer- ence the Landslide Hazard Potential Zone maps of the State of California for all required geotechnical and structural analysis. Strategy HS-5.1.2: Residential Upgrades. Require that any residential facility, that is being increased more than 50 percent assessed value or physical size, conform to all HS-34 CHAPTER 7 Health and Safety Element provisions of the current building code throughout the entire structure. Owners of residential buildings with known structural defects, such as un-reinforced garage openings, "soft first story" construction, unbolted foundations, or inadequate sheer walls are encouraged to take steps to remedy the problem and bring their buildings up to the current building code. Strategy HS-5.1.3: Geologic Review. Continue to imple- ment geologic review procedures for Geologic Reports required by the Municipal Code through the development review process. Policy HS-5.2: Public Education on Seismic Safety Reinforce the existing public education programs to help residents minimize hazards resulting from earthquakes. Strategy HS-5.2.1: Covenant on Seismic Risk. Require developers to record a covenant to tell future residents in high-risk areas about the risk and inform them that more information is in City Hall records. This is in addition to the State requirement that information on the geological report is recorded on the face of subdivision maps. Strategy HS-5.2.2: Emergency Preparedness. Publish and promote emergency preparedness activities and drills. Use the City social media, and the website to provide safety tips that may include identifying and correcting household hazards, knowing how and when to turn off utilities, help- ing family members protect themselves during and after an earthquake, recommending neighborhood preparation activities, and advising residents to maintain an emergency supply kit containing first-aid supplies, food, drinking water and battery operated radios and flashlights. Strategy HS-5.2.3: Neighborhood Response Groups. Encourage participation in Community Emergency Response Team (CERT) training. Train neighborhood groups HS-35 COMMUNITY VISION 2040 City of Cupertino to care for themselves during disasters. Actively assist in neighborhood drills and safety exercises to increase partici- pation and build community support. Strategy HS-5.2.4: Dependent Populations. As part of community-wide efforts, actively cooperate with State agencies that oversee facilities for persons with disabilities and those with access and functional needs, to ensure that such facilities conform to all health and safety requirements, including emergency planning, training, exercises and employee education. Strategy HS-5.2.5: Foreign Language Emergency Information. Obtain translated emergency preparedness materials and make them available to appropriate foreign language populations. Hazardous Materials The City is committed to protecting its citizens from hazard- ous materials through improved disposal practices, better site design and more public education. GOAL HS-6 PROTECT PEOPLE AND PROPERTY FROM • WITH HAZARDOUS MATERIALS EXPOSURE • ELECTROMAGNETIC FIELDS Policy HS-6.1: Hazardous Materials Storage and Disposal Require the proper storage and disposal of hazardous materials to prevent leakage, potential explosions, fire or the release of harmful fumes. Maintain information chan- nels to the residential and business communities about the illegality and danger of dumping hazardous material and waste in the storm drain system or in creeks. HS-36 CHAPTER 7 Health and Safety Element Policy HS-6.2: Proximity of Residents to Hazardous Materials Assess future residents' exposure to hazardous materials when new residential development or childcare facilities are proposed in existing industrial and manufacturing areas. Do not allow residential development or childcare facilities if such hazardous conditions cannot be mitigated to an acceptable level of risk. Policy HS-6.3: Electromagnetic Fields (EMF) Ensure that projects meet Federal and State standards for EMF emissions through development review. Policy HS-6.4: Educational Programs Continue to encourage residents and businesses to use non- and less-hazardous products, especially less toxic pest control products, to slow the generation of new reduce hazardous waste requiring disposal through the county-wide program. Policy HS-6.5: Hazardous Waste Disposals Continue to support and facilitate for residences and busi- nesses a convenient opportunity to properly dispose of hazardous waste. Strategy HS-6.5.1: Partner on Hazardous Waste Collection and Disposal. Continue to explore efficient, eco- nomical and convenient ways to offer Household Hazardous Waste collection for residents in partnership with the Solid Waste contractor or the County. Strategy HS-6.5.2: Educational Materials. Publish educa- tional materials about the program in the Cupertino Scene, City website, and brochures that are distributed throughout the community. HS- 37 COMMUNITY VISION 2040 City of Cupertino Flooding The City seeks to ensure community protection from floods through the design of projects, municipal operations and public education. GOAL HS-7 PROTECT PEOPLE AND PROPERTY FROM • FLOODS Policy HS-7.1: Evacuation Map Prepare and update periodically an evacuation map for the flood hazard areas and distribute it to the general public. Policy HS-7.2: Emergency Response to Dam Failure Ensure that Cupertino is prepared to respond to a potential dam failure. Strategy HS-7.2.1: Emergency and Evacuation Plan. Maintain and update a Stevens Creek Dam Failure Plan, including alert, warning and notification systems and appro- priate signage. Strategy HS-7.2.2: Inter-agency Cooperation. Continue to coordinate dam-related evacuation plans and alert/notifica- tion systems with the City of Sunnyvale and the County to ensure that traffic management between the agencies facilitates life safety. Also work with other neighboring cities Y 9 g to enhance communication and coordination during a dam- related emergency. Policy HS-7.3: Existing Non-Residential Uses in the Flood Plain Allow commercial and recreational uses that are now exclu- sively within the flood plain to remain in their present use or to be used for agriculture, provided it doesn't conflict with Federal, State and regional requirements. HS-38 CHAPTER 7 Health and Safety Element Policy HS-7.4: Construction in Flood Plains Continue to implement land use, zoning and building code regulations limiting new construction in the already urban- ized flood hazard areas recognized by the Federal Flood Insurance Administrator. Strategy HS-7.4.1: Dwellings in Natural Flood Plain. Discourage new residential development in natural flood plains. Regulate all types of redevelopment in natural flood plains. This includes prohibiting fill materials and obstruc- tions that may increase flood potential or modify the natural riparian corridors. Strategy HS-7.4.2: Description of Flood Zone Regulation. Continue to maintain and update a map of potential flood hazard areas and a description of flood zone regulations on the City's website. Strategy HS-7.4.3: National Flood Insurance Program Community Rating System. Continue to participate in the National Flood Insurance Program (NFIP) Community Rating System (CRS). The CRS is a voluntary incentive program that recognizes and encourages community floodplain manage- ment activities that exceed minimum NFIP requirements. Flood insurance premium rates for property owners within the city may be discounted to reflect the reduced flood risk resulting from community actions meeting the three goals of the CRS, which are to: (1) reduce flood damage to insurable property; (2) strengthen and support the insurance aspects of the NFIP; and (3) encourage a comprehensive approach to floodplain management. Policy HS-7.5: Hillside Grading Restrict the extent and timing of hillside grading operations to April through October except as otherwise allowed by the City. Require performance bonds during the remain- ing time to guarantee the repair of any erosion damage. Require planting of graded slopes as soon as practical after grading is complete. HS-39 COMMUNITY VISION 2040 City of Cupertino Policy HS-7.6: Stability of Existing Water Storage Facilities Assure the structural integrity of water storage facilities. Strategy HS-7.6.1: Coordination with other Agencies. Work closely with the San Jose Water Company and owners of other water storage facilities to develop and implement a program to monitor the stability of all existing water stor- age facilities and related improvements, such as: distribu- tion lines, connections and other system-components. Noise The City seeks to ensure that the community continues to enjoy a high quality of life through reduce noise pollution, effective project design and noise management operations. GOAL HS-8 NOISEMINIMIZE 'AON COMMUNITY COMPATIBLE • ENVIRONMENT FOR EXISTING AND FUTURE LAND USES Policy HS-8.1: Land Use Decision Evaluation Use the Land Use Compatibility for Community Noise Environments chart, the Future Noise Contour Map (see Figure D-1 in Appendix D) and the City Municipal Code to evaluate land use decisions. Policy HS-8.2: Building and Site Design Minimize noise impacts through appropriate building and site design. Strategy HS-8.2.1: Commercial Delivery Areas. Locate delivery areas for new commercial and industrial HS-40 CHAPTER 7 Health and Safety Element developments away from existing or planned homes. Strategy HS-8.2.2: Noise Control Techniques. Require analysis and implementation of techniques to control the effects of noise from industrial equipment and processes for projects near low-intensity residential uses. Strategy HS-8.2.3: Sound Wall Requirements. Exercise discretion in requiring sound walls to be sure that all other measures of noise control have been explored and that the sound wall blends with the neighborhood. Sound walls should be designed and landscaped to fit into the environment. Policy HS-8.3: Construction and Maintenance Activities Regulate construction and maintenance activities. Establish and enforce reasonable allowable periods of the day, during weekdays, weekends and holidays for construction activities. Require construction contractors to use the best available technology to minimize excessive noise and vibra- tion from construction equipment such as pile drivers, jack hammers, and vibratory rollers. Policy HS-8.4: Freeway Design and Neighborhood Noise Ensure that roads and development along Highway 85 and Interstate 280 are designed and improved in a way that minimizes neighborhood noise. Policy HS-8.5: Neighborhoods Review residents' needs for convenience and safety and prioritize them over the convenient movement of commute or through traffic where practical. HS-41 COMMUNITY VISION 2040 City of Cupertino Policy HS-8.6: Traffic Calming Solutions to Street Noise Evaluate solutions to discourage through traffic in neigh- borhoods through enhanced paving and modified street design. Strategy HS-8.6.1: Local Improvement. Modify street design to minimize noise impact to neighbors. Policy HS-8.7: Reduction of Noise from Trucking Operations Work to carry out noise mitigation measures to diminish noise along Foothill and Stevens Creek Boulevards from the quarry and cement plant trucking operations. These mea- sures include regulation of truck speed, the volume of truck activity, and trucking activity hours to avoid late evening and early morning. Alternatives to truck transport, specifi- cally rail, are strongly encouraged when feasible. Strategy HS-8.7.1: Restrictions in the County's Use Permit. Coordinate with the County to restrict the number of trucks, their speed and noise levels along Foothill and Stevens Creek Boulevards, to the extent allowed in the Use Permit. Ensure that restrictions are monitored and enforced by the County. Strategy HS-8.7.2: Road Improvements to Reduce Truck Impacts. Consider road improvements such as medians, landscaping, noise attenuating asphalt, and other methods to reduce quarry truck impacts. HS-42 ' ,8 s ` e � , Y is �'�� Safi.- ``�` . ! ^� .,. ` • ��F�$�¢„�.� '. =q ,v e � , CHAPTER 8 Infrastructure Element INTRODUCTION CONTENTS Cupertino's public infrastructure works in tandem with the built and natural environments to contribute to the excep- ContextIntroduction. tional quality of life enjoyed by local residents, visitors and Water Waste Water workers. The city's public and private infrastructure —water, storm drains, telecommunications and solid waste — are •rmwater vital to supporting the community's everyday activities. Telecommunications Solid Waste • Recycling This Element includes goals, policies and strategies for the Looking INF-1 1 Goals and Policies development and maintenance of an exceptional system of InfrastructureCitywi high-quality and adequate infrastructure to support com- Rights-of-Way • munity needs and development anticipated in Community Water Vision 2040. It also ensures that the City's existing infra- Stormwater Waste Water structure is maintained, upgraded, replaced and expanded Telecommunications when needed. The City's commitment to environmental Solid Waste sustainability provides direction for innovative strategies to help the City conserve water and energy use, reduce waste, improve water and air quality, and reduce greenhouse gas emissions. INS=- 3 COMMUNITY VISION 2040 City of Cupertino CONTEXT The City regularly prepares a Five-Year Capital Improvement Program (CIP) to identify capital projects and options for financing them. It is the City's primary mechanism for build- ing and maintaining citywide infrastructure such as streets, medians and stormwater systems, and City-owned facilities, parks, trails and bridges. Much of the City's infrastructure was built between the 1950s and 1970s when it was first incorporated and devel- oped. Other areas that were later annexed into the city typically have older and/or outdated infrastructure. Planning for replacement and upgrades to these facilities will be important to ensure that all residents and businesses have access to excellent services. Identifying sustainable fund- ing sources is also important to ensure that infrastructure improvements can be built in a timely manner and effec- tively maintained to meet community needs. The following is a summary of key infrastructure systems that currently exist in Cupertino. Water Cupertino has two major water suppliers: the California Water Company and the San Jose Water Company. Both retailers purchase their water supply from the Santa Clara Valley Water District, which receives water from the Rinconada Treatment Plant and wells fed by groundwater. The Santa Clara Valley Water District, which is the ground- water management agency in Santa Clara County, manages groundwater recharge through percolation ponds and in-stream recharge of creeks. The McClellan Pond recharge facility (located in Cupertino) and the Stevens Creek Reservoir (located outside the city on its southwest bound- ary) also contribute to Cupertino's water supply. INF-4 CHAPTER 8 Infrastructure Element In addition to the potable water supply, there is a potential recycled water system planned for the North Vallco Park Special Area as part of the Apple Campus 2. The City anticipates that recycled water will be used for groundwater recharge, irrigation, and will help to offset potable water use in areas served. The recycled water system can be potentially extended to serve other areas of the city in the future as capacity and demand increases and new distribu- tion lines can be built. Wastewater Wastewater collection and treatment are provided to the City by the Cupertino Sanitary District and the City of Sunnyvale. The majority of the City is served by the Cupertino Sanitary District, while the City of Sunnyvale serves only a small portion of the Cupertino Urban Service area within the Rancho Rinconada area. The Cupertino Sanitary District was formed in 1956 and is currently in the process of updating its 1964 Master Plan. The District collects and transports waste water collected in Cupertino to the San Jose/Santa Clara Water Pollution Control Plant located in North San Jose. The District maintains approximately one million linear feet of sewer lines and 500,000 linear feet of sewer laterals and 17 pump stations. While the physical condition of the infrastructure appears to be in relatively good condition, there are issues with the carrying capacity of a number of lines in the system. The lines serving the City Center development, Stevens Creek Boulevard between Randy Lane and Wolfe Road, Wolfe Road south of Interstate 280, Stelling Road and Foothill Boulevard are running either at capacity or over capacity. In order to accommodate future develop- ment, lines would have to be upgraded. Any necessary improvements are expected to be coordinated with devel- opment review, with new projects bearing their share of INF-5 COMMUNITY VISION 2040 City of Cupertino the cost or partnering with the Sanitary District to provide improvements needed to increase capacity. The City of Sunnyvale provides wastewater treatment service for Cupertino's commercial properties along Stevens Creek Boulevard, east of Finch Avenue, and a portion of the Rancho Rinconada neighborhood. While the City of Sunnyvale has adequate capacity to serve anticipated growth and can continue to provide treatment capacity for future growth in its Cupertino service area, there may need to be improvements to the distribution network to address future growth on the east side. Any necessary improve- ments are expected to be coordinated with development review, with new projects bearing their share of the cost or partnering with the City of Sunnyvale to provide improve- ments needed to increase capacity. Stormwater Comprehensive stormwater management can reduce pol- lution and erosion, prevent flooding, recharge aquifers with clean water, and prevent Bay pollution. While efforts in early years focused on expanding storm drain capacity and wastewater treatment, the approach today is to reduce and filter runoff through project design and management. Cupertino's storm drain system currently operates adequately, with some targeted upgrades or improve- ments likely over the next 25 years. There is only localized flooding in the storm drain system, limited primarily to unimproved streets. The City continues to update its infrastructure planning to ensure that future improvements include best practices for stormwater management. The City, along with 76 other agencies throughout the Bay Area, is regulated by the Municipal Regional Stormwater National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System Permit INF-6 CHAPTER 8 Infrastructure Element (MRP). The MRP, which is issued by the California Regional Water Quality Control Board, requires the City to carry out a comprehensive stormwater pollution prevention program. In order to comply with these requirements, the City joined with 15 other adjoining agencies to form the Santa Clara Valley Urban Runoff Pollution Prevention Program (SCVURPP). SCVURPP works with the participating agencies and the Regional Board to develop solutions to control urban runoff quality. In addition, the City is required to prepare a city-specific Urban Runoff Management Plan. This plan identifies stormwater pollution control measures such as design, construction and operation best practices, inspections and water-quality monitoring. The regulations are expected to evolve and become more stringent in the future. Telecommunications Cupertino is located in Silicon Valley, which is home to the world's greatest technology companies, and is known for its forward-thinking and innovation. In order to ensure that the City can continue being an exceptional place to work and live, efforts will be made to expand access to telecom- munications services. The City does not directly supply telecommunications utilities; however, it plays an important role by coordinating with providers, allowing access to pub- lic rights-of-way, and ensuring that proposed improvements or changes in service meet community expectations and are integrated in a compatible manner. Solid Waste and Recycling Nearly every human activity leaves behind some kind of waste. Households create ordinary garbage while industrial and manufacturing processes create solid and hazardous waste. Waste uses up limited landfill space, releases toxins and creates greenhouse gases that contribute to climate INF-7 COMMUNITY VISION 2040 City of Cupertino change. The City uses recycling, reuse and reducing con- sumption as an effective way to manage solid waste. The Air Resources Board, as a means to implement AB 32, has identifies in its Scoping Plan mandatory commercial recycling as one of the measures to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. Subsequently, AB 341 set a goal of 75 percent residential and commercial recycling by 2020. Recology currently provides garbage pickup and recycling services in Cupertino. City residents and businesses served by Recology have achieved a 69 percent diversion rate in 2012. The City is currently working with Recology to develop programs to boost that diversion rate even higher, reduce contamination, and boost organics composting by residents and businesses. With the proposed changes, the City hopes to achieve the 75 percent diversion rate by 2015. To meet its future solid waste disposal needs, the City also executed a contract with Browning and Ferris to provide landfill capacity at Newby Island in Milpitas. The term of the agreement is 35 years and ends in 2023, or at the time the specified tonnage in the contract is reached. INF 8 CHAPTER 8 Infrastructure Element LOOKING FORWARD As the City continues to grow and develop, it will have to look at strategies for replacing and expanding the City's aging infrastructure to meet community needs. Whereas strategies in the past focused on expansion of facilities, the focus in the future will be looking for ways to reduce demand on infrastructure through sustainable measures and balancing modes of transportation. A key strategy moving forward will be finding new ways to fund infra- structure improvements and ongoing maintenance through new development, partnerships or other methods. The following are ways the City will address key challenges and opportunities facing Cupertino: 1. Sustainable methods. The City will reduce the demand on infrastructure and services by exploring ways to expand water and energy conservation and waste diversion efforts. 2. Access. The City will ensure that the entire community has access to all services. This will include identifying areas where access is not available and looking for strategies to retrofit and partner in the construction of necessary improvements. 3. Environmental health. The City will prioritize methods that improve environmental and community health when exploring strategies to reduce demand and con- struct facilities. 4. New Technologies. The City will utilize technology to deliver services efficiently and effectively. This includes supporting emerging technologies in information ser- vices and infrastructure to better serve the business and resident community. INF-9 COMMUNITY VISION 2040 City of Cupertino 5. Coordination. The City will work with service providers to ensure that their infrastructure planning and mainte- nance goals meet community needs. b. Community involvement. The City will enlist the com- munity in programs to achieve goals including recycling and conservation programs. 7. Funding. The City will ensure a sustainable source of funding for construction, operation and maintenance of infrastructure. INF-10 CHAPTER 8 Infrastructure Element GOALS AND POLICIES Citywide Infrastructure The City seeks to coordinate its municipal services with those of other service providers in order to build and main- tain infrastructure that fully serves the current and future needs of the Cupertino community. GOAL INF-1 INFRASTRUCTUREENSURE THAT THE CITY'S SUPPORTMAINTAINED TO DEVELOPMENT GROWTH •• C MANNER Policy INF-1.1: Infrastructure Planning Upgrade and enhance the City's infrastructure through the City's Capital Improvement Program (CIP) and requirements for development. Strategy INF-1.1.1: Capital Improvement Program. Ensure that CIP projects reflect the goals and policies identified in Community Vision 2040. Strategy INF-1.1.2: Design Capacity. Ensure that public infrastructure is designed to meet planned needs and to avoid the need for future upsizing. Maintain a balance between meeting future growth needs and over-sizing of infrastructure to avoid fiscal impacts or impacts to other goals. Strategy INF-1.1.3: Private Development. Require new development to pay its fair share of, or to extend or construct, improvements to the City's infrastructure to accommodate growth without impacting service levels. INF-11 COMMUNITY VISION 2040 City of Cupertino Strategy INF-1.1.4: Coordination. Require coordination of construction activity between various providers, particularly in City facilities and rights-of-way, to ensure that the community is not unnecessarily inconvenienced. Require that providers maintain adequate space for all utilities when planning and constructing their infrastructure. Policy INF-1.2: Maintenance Ensure that existing facilities are maintained to meet the community's needs. Policy INF-1.3: Coordination Coordinate with utility and service providers to ensure that their planning and operations meet the City's service stan- dards and future growth. Policy INF-1.4: Funding Explore funding strategies for upgrades to existing infra- structure and ongoing operations and maintenance. Strategy INF-1.4.1: Development. Require developers to expand or upgrade existing infrastructure to increase capacity, or pay their fair share, as appropriate. Strategy INF-1.4.2: Economic Development. Prioritize funding of infrastructure to stimulate economic development and job creation in order to increase opportunities for municipal revenue. INF-12 CHAPTER 8 Infrastructure Element Rights-of-way The City will ensure that public, City-owned rights-of-way are protected in order to support future infrastructure needs and enhanced with sustainable features when possible, and that new infrastructure is placed underground as feasible. GOAL INF-2 ENSURE THAT CITY RIGHTS-OF- ♦ ♦ . PROTECTED FROM INCOMPATIBLE ENHANCED ♦ ♦ B FEATURES POSSIBLE Policy INF-2.1: Maintenance Maintain the City's right-of-way and traffic operations systems. Policy INF-2.2: Multimodal Systems Ensure that City rights-of-way are planned for a variety of transportation alternatives including pedestrian, bicycle, automobile, as well as new technologies such as driverless cars, etc. Policy INF-2.3: Green Streets Explore the development of a "green streets" program to minimize stormwater runoff in City rights-of-way. Policy INF-2.4: Undergrounding Utilities Explore undergrounding of utilities through providers, public projects, private development and agency funding programs and grants. INF- 13 COMMUNITY VISION 2040 City of Cupertino Strategy INF-2.4.1: Public and Provider generated projects. Require undergrounding of all new infrastructure projects constructed by public agencies and providers. Work with providers to underground existing overhead lines. Strategy INF-2.4.2: Development. Require undergrounding of all utility lines in new developments and highly encourage undergrounding in remodels or redevelopment of major projects. Policy INF-2.5: Recycled Water Infrastructure Plan for citywide access to recycled water and encourage its use. Strategy INF-2.5.1: Availability. Expand the availability of a recycled water system through public infrastructure projects and development review. Strategy INF-2.5.2: Use. Encourage private and public projects to incorporate the use of recycled water for landscaping and other uses. Strategy INF-2.5.3: City Facilities. Design and retrofit City buildings, facilities and landscaping to use recycled water, to the extent feasible. INF-14 CHAPTER 8 Infrastructure Element Water The City will seek to identify ways to improve water avail- ability, access and quality in order to maintain the long-term health of the Cupertino water system. GOAL INF-3 CREATEO• •DSTRATEGY TO ENSURE A SUSTAINEDSUPPLY OF POTABLE '• PLANNING AND CONSERVATION Policy INF-3.1: Coordination with Providers Coordinate with water providers and agencies in their planning and infrastructure process to ensure that the City continues to have adequate supply for current needs and future growth. Strategy INF-3.1.1: Maintenance. Coordinate with providers to ensure that water and recycled water delivery systems are maintained in good condition. Policy INF-3.2: Regional Coordination Coordinate with State and regional agencies to ensure that policies and programs related to water provision and con- servation meet City goals. Note: additional water conservation policies are discussed in detail in the Sustainability Element. INF-15 COMMUNITY VISION 2040 City of Cupertino Stormwater The City will seek to implement best practices in stormwa- ter management in order to reduce demand on the drain- age system, and reduce sediment and pollutions impacts on the Bay. GOAL INF-4 IMPLEMENT BEST PRACTICES IN STORMWATER MANAGEMENT TO REDUCE DEMAND ON STORMWATER NETWORK, SOIL EROSION, REDUCE POLLUTION INTO ' • ' THE .A Policy INF-4.1: Planning and Management Create plans and operational policies to develop and main- tain an effective and efficient stormwater system. Strategy INF-4.1.1: Management. Reduce the demand on storm drain capacity through implementation of programs that meet and even exceed on-site drainage requirements. Strategy INF-4.1.2: Infrastructure. Develop a Capital Improvement Program (CIP) for the City's storm drain infrastructure that meets the current and future needs of the community. Strategy INF-4.1.3: Maintenance. Ensure that City's storm drain infrastructure is appropriately maintained to reduce flood hazards through implementation of best practices. INF-16 CHAPTER 8 Infrastructure Element Policy INF-4.2: Funding Develop permanent sources of funding storm water infra- structure construction and maintenance. Strategy INF-4.2.2: Ongoing Operations. Review other funding strategies to pay for the ongoing operations and maintenance of the storm drain system per State and regional requirements. Note: additional policies that meet State and regional run- off reduction are described in the Sustainability Element. Waste Water The City will ensure that there is adequate and well- maintained waste water capacity through infrastructure enhancements and policies that reduce impact on sanitary sewer system, and that pollution in reservoirs and the Bay is minimized. GOAL INF-5 ENSURE THAT THE CITY'S WASTEWATER SYSTEM CONTINUES TO MEET CURRENT AND FUTURE NEEDS Policy INF-5.1: Infrastructure Ensure that the infrastructure plans for Cupertino's waste water system providers continue to meet the City's current and future needs. Strategy INF-5.1.1: Coordination. Coordinate with the Cupertino Sanitary District on their Master Plan and the Sunnyvale Treatment Plant to develop a comprehensive capital improvement program to ensure adequate capacity I for future development anticipated with General Plan buildout. INF-17 i COMMUNITY VISION 2040 City of Cupertino Strategy INF-5.1.2: Development. Require developers to pay their fair share of costs for, or in some cases construct, infrastructure upgrades to ensure that service levels are met. Policy INF-5.2: Demand Look for ways to reduce demand on the City's wastewater system through implementation of water conservation measures. Telecommunications The City will promote expansion of a citywide telecom- munications system that provides excellent services to businesses and residents, and encourages innovative tech- nologies for the future. GOAL ENCOURAGE INNOVATIVE TECHNOLOGIES AND COMMUNICATION PROVIDE" • BUSINESSES RESIDENTS Policy INF-6.1: Telecommunications Master Plan Maintain and update a Telecommunications Master Plan with regulations and guidelines for wireless and emerging technologies. Policy INF-6.2: Coordination Coordinate with providers to improve access and delivery of services to businesses and homes. INF-18 CHAPTER 8 Infrastructure Element Strategy INF-6.2.1: Facility Upgrades. When possible, require service providers to upgrade existing facilities as part of permit or lease renewals. Encourage use of newer technologies that allow the facility components to be reduced in size or improve screening or camouflaging. Strategy INF-6.2.2: Improved Access. Work with providers to expand service to areas that are not served by telecommunications technologies. Strategy INF-6.2.3: City Facilities. Encourage leasing of City sites to expand access to telecommunications services. Develop standards for the incorporation of telecommunications systems and public use. Strategy INF-6.2.4: Agency and Private Facilities. Encourage the installation of communications infrastructure in facilities owned by other public agencies and private development. Strategy INF-6.2.5: Communications Infrastructure. Support the extension and access to telecommunications infrastructure such as fiber optic cables. Policy INF-6.3: Emerging Technologies Encourage new and innovative technologies and partner with providers to provide the community with access to these services. Strategy INF-6.3.1: Strategic Technology Plan. Create and update a Strategic Technology Plan for the City to improve service efficiency. INF-19 COMMUNITY VISION 2040 City of Cupertino Solid Waste The City seeks to reduce solid waste and demands on landfills, reduce the release of toxins in the air (including greenhouse gas emissions) and improve community health. GOAL INF-7 REGULATORYENSURE THAT THE CITY MEETS AND EXCEEDS DIVERSION •AWORKING PROVIDERS,WITH RESIDENTS Policy INF-7.1: Providers Coordinate with solid waste system providers to utilize the latest technology and best practices to encourage waste reduction and meet, and even, exceed State targets. Policy INF-7.2: Facilities Ensure that public and private developments build new and on-site facilities and/or retrofit existing on-site facilities to meet the City's waste diversion requirements. Policy INF-7.3: Operations Encourage public agencies and private property owners to design their operations to meet, and even, exceed regula- tory waste diversion requirements. Strategy INF-7.3.1: City Facilities and Events. Design new City facilities and retrofit existing facilities and event venues with recycling and trash collection bins to facilitate easy disposal of recyclable and compostable waste by staff and the public. INF-20 CHAPTER 8 Infrastructure Element Figure INF-1 Waste Water Service Los Altos Sunnyvale HOMESTEAD ROAD ..:I .. "a ! u Santa Clara o � STEVENS CREEK BLVD ' MQLELLAN a f '� ROAD a a 10 o m BOLLINGER BD / San Jose Legend RAINBOW 1DRIVE Unincorporated Areas within Urban Service Area City Boundary Ste,ensCreekRRosREa RonD Urban Service Area Boundary Reservon J Sphere of Influence / Saratoga Boundary Agreement Line Unincorporated Areas Sunnyvale Sanitary District Cupertino Sanitary District N 0 0.5 1 Mile 0 1000 2000 3000 Feet 0 500 1000 Meters INF-21 COMMUNITY VISION 2040 City of Cupertino Strategy INF-7.3.2: Construction Waste. Encourage recycling and reuse of building materials during demolition and construction of City, agency and private projects. Strategy INF-7.3.3: Recycled Materials. Encourage the use of recycled materials and sustainably harvested materials in City, agency and private projects. Policy INF-7.4: Product Stewardship Per the City's Extended Producer Responsibility (EPR) policy, support statewide and regional EPR initiatives and legisla- tion to reduce waste and toxins in products, processes and packaging. GOAL INF-8 DEVELOP AND ENHANCE PROGRAMS THAT REDUCE, REUSE AND RECYCLE WASTE Policy INF-8.1: Reducing Waste Meet or exceed Federal, State and regional requirements for solid waste diversion through implementation of programs. Strategy INF-8.1.1: Outreach. Conduct and enhance programs that promote waste reduction in schools, businesses and homes through partnerships with schools, the Chamber of Commerce and the City's neighborhood programs. Strategy INF-8.1.2: Hazardous Waste. Work with providers and businesses to provide convenient hazardous and e-waste facilities for the community. INF-22 CHAPTER 8 Infrastructure Element Strategy INF-8.1.3: Preferential Purchasing. Maintain and update a City preferential purchasing policy to products that reduce packaging waste, greenhouse gas emissions, toxic contaminants and are reusable. Strategy INF-8.1.4: Reuse. Encourage reuse of materials and reusable products. Develop a program for reuse of materials and reusable products in City facilities and outreach programs for community-wide participation by promoting community-wide garage sales and online venues. Strategy INF-8.1.5: Collaboration. Collaborate with agencies and large businesses or projects to enhance opportunities for community-wide recycling, reuse and PP Y reduction programs. INF-23 Ott 1 e m . 416. OF t, AL r ` � r r • r r 1 . • r • CHAPTER 9 Recreation, Parks and Community Services Element INTRODUCTION CONTENTS Cupertino's parks, recreation programs and community Introduction vices complement the built and natural environments and RPC-4 Context enhance the community. They enliven our Neighborhoods Parks - • Open Space and Special Areas and help promote health, interactions Park Standards and community-building. Park Accessibility ProgramsRecreation This Element includes goals, policies and strategies for the Schools development and maintenance of an exceptional and inte- Libraries grated system of high-quality parks, recreational amenities RPC-21 Looking Forward RPC-23 Goals . Policies and community services that support current and future Parks and Open Space needs anticipated in Community Vision 2040. As Cupertino Trails grows over time, the city's parks and recreation programs Recreation Programs - • Services will have to adapt to meet changing needs. This Element Community Services ensures that the City will continue to provide high-quality parks and recreation programs, improve the distribution and access to these facilities, work with other community service providers, and protect open space. COMMUNITY VISION 2040 City of Cupertino ® yr ' " CONTEXT 3. T Parks and Open Space MET-- Cupertino current) has approximately 165 acres of Cit --� " owned public parks and open space areas. The City's park - system is supplemented by a network of over 220 acres of " cCtELIAN PD �q local and regional interconnected trails that stretch from local open space preserves to the San Francisco Bay. In IS, iff addition, there are many acres of open space preserves b surrounding the city that are operated and maintained by - -- — = regional agencies and districts, including over 40 acres of Linda Vistn _ l ,,ciryrakOO F open space negotiated through public access agreements. Figures RPC-1 and RPC-2 show the locations of open !� stev— r space areas within and near Cupertino. Creek County r d/ Al Park Local residents, visitors and employees also enjoy a wide range of community services provided by the City and Legend other agencies and districts. Looking towards the future, Existing City/County Public the City will have to manage its resources effectively and Open Space coordinate with other agency providers to ensure that the Existing Private Open Space community's growing and changing needs are met. The NO= Proposed Open Space Linkage following is a summary of the future direction for the City's approach to planning, designing and managing open (Based on the September 23,2002 Stevens Creek Trail Feasibility Study) space to ensuring the community's continued health and N 0 0.5 im$ quality of life. 0 1000 200C 3000Feet 500 1000M . Regional Resources ® Several public agencies share the task of acquiring and Figure RPC-1 maintaining open space for the enjoyment within Cupertino Public Open Space in the and neighboring cities. Cupertino's land uses in and around Stevens Creek Corridor these areas typically include low-intensity residential uses, which are consistent with protecting open space areas. RPC-4 CHAPTER 9 Recreation, Parks and Community Services Element Figure RPC-2 Open Space Monte Bello t +� Rancho San Antonio Rancho Open Space ; r*. Oen Space Preserve San Antonio Preserve �' .b a p p County Park Sunnyvale r..... .�y�,yHOMEs— ROAD sH a LL I x o-•'ni�i,�` f � o i sena aero I { n' 57EVENS CREI 8L 71 : t 1 i -rO-ALAN JB ROAD San Jose ' i Par � Monte Bello S' Spac 4 Yf Preserve , )^ r Picchetti Tr RD Ranch Area saranoya - ry, R Legend City Boundary Heart of the City Boundary j I Urban Service Area Boundary Sphere of Influence { ;J Stevens Creek Fremont Older ---- Boundary Agreement Line �✓ County Park Open Space Unincorporated Areas Preserve Long Ridge Upper Saratoga Gap Proposed Existing County Parks Open Space Stevens Creek Open Space Stevens Creek Existing MiclPeninsula Regional Preserve County Park Preserve Trail Corridor Open Space Preserve ---� Proposed Expansion of There are over 13,000 acres(over 20 square miles)of public open space ---' Regional Open Space Lands in Cupertino's boundary agreement area and contiguous jurisdictions. Public Access to Open Space Preserves Proposed Open Space Linkages N 0 0.5 1Mfe o loon z000 l000Rtec 0 500 1000Me— RPC-5 COMMUNITY VISION 2040 City of Cupertino Midpeninsula Regional Open Space District The Midpeninsula Regional Open Space District was cre- ated in 1972 and manages about 62,000 acres of mountain- ous, foothill and bayland open space in 26 open space preserves. Preserves adjacent to Cupertino are located to the south and west around the foothills, and include Rancho San Antonio, Pichetti Ranch and Fremont Older. Santa Clara County Parks The Santa Clara County park program was a voter-approved measure to acquire and develop a regional park system. County parks adjacent to Cupertino are located near the southwestern boundary of the city. The County Park plan emphasizes completing Upper Stevens Creek Park and its connection to Stevens Creek near Cupertino. Because the upper portions of Stevens Canyon are environmentally important, the County Parks and Recreation Department has made a commitment to purchase lands to connect these two parks. In 1997, as part the development of a portion of the San Jose Diocese's St. Joseph's Seminary property, the County was able to acquire 133 acres of open space to add to its original holdings in the Rancho San Antonio County Park (which is now managed by the Mid- Peninsula Open Space District). Santa Clara Valley Water District Open Space Areas Trails along creeks owned and managed by the Santa Clara Valley Water District supplement Cupertino's overall open space and park system. The District coordinates with the City to prepare its natural flood plain policy for Stevens Creek between Stevens Creek Boulevard and the Stevens Creek reservoir, and also helped with the acquisi- tion of open space lands within McClellan Ranch Park. The District has a plan to partner with cities and the county to provide access to creekside trails and parks for recreational RPC-6 CHAPTER 9 Recreation, Parks and Community Services Element opportunities. This plan, called the Clean, Safe Creeks and Natural Flood Protection plan, requires the District to incorporate trails, parks and recreational opportunities into existing or new flood protection projects. Such projects are also part of the District's plan to manage flooding in downstream locations by providing retention facilities in upstream locations. City Community and Neighborhood Parks The City has an excellent system of community and neigh- borhood parks that provide a place for community gather- ing, recreation and healthy programs. All existing parks and open space areas are shown in Figure RPC-3 and listed in Table RPC-1. Community parks include Memorial Park and the Stevens Creek corridor area. Memorial Park is an urban park and facility venue for festivals located in the Heart of the City Special Area. The Sports Center, located at the intersection of Stevens Creek Boulevard and Stelling Road, provides a gym and tennis facilities. The Sports Center also has a small facility where teens can gather and play indoor sports. A Senior Center is located at the intersection of Stevens Creek Boulevard and Mary Avenue, which runs programs for seniors in Cupertino. The Quinlan Community Center, located on Stelling Road, runs the bulk of the art, dance, music and other community programs. All of these facilities are located around Memorial Park. The Civic Center complex, located in the central part of the city, provides an additional community venue for gathering and programs. It consists of City Hall, Community Hall and Library Field, which offers indoor and outdoor venues for meetings, functions and outdoor recreation. The Cupertino Library, a facility owned by the City but operated by the County Library District, is also located in the Civic Center complex. RPC-7 COMMUNITY VISION 2040 City of Cupertino Figure RPC-3 Park Areas Sommerset Franco Park Y/ Square Park Sunnyvale .F Los Altos LHOME R •Little/ q 1 rpt Rain jrkt t . ' � Garden Gat ` p�� Steve s `�� " r Elem. & o r '. Creek �� Mary Ave m P.CollinsClara % Canyon Oak t 4 Elem �� Dog Park F_2 L_2 E ementary 1 M y %G Memorial g Fie I'd PaPark E-1 ; Park treet Varian A_1 LSports orta 1SquarPark 1 Center 1 ent Cali Plaza Morita Vista Blackber Faria EI Civic City Ce ter K ZNJ Park Farm A_2 CePaek Easeme t Wilso J-� j E-2 McClellan H-1 V j Barnhaer rt JI Cupertino IIs Ranch Park MCLEILM Rono reeksid L—Z v Park\ Swim&Rac uet _ Feld Park Q It ' I_2 Rancho n I Club Lincoln Elem t H � ��Eaton - -2 " Rinconada I V Deep liff Kennedy Jollyman - 1 Elem. Hyd Jr.HS Recreatio Gol ourse Jr.H.S. Park BOLUNGER R &Park Linda Vista —�� Park t San Jose F \ ` B RegnartElem.m P- ,, Legend i 3 Oaks RAINBOW P t arklL� -----__. _----i..� oRwE � City Boundary I r C ' ----- Heart of the City Boundary Hoover t P-2 ----- Urban Service Area Boundary Park ; — — Sphere of Influence Creek _-----1 ELT SreS.— ROAD S. a Boundary Agreement Line Saratoga Unincorporated Areas It Mini Parks Cupertino Neighborhood Parks Community Park Schools _ Private Recreation _ Community Pool N0 0.5 1 Mile (D 0 1000 2000 3000 Feet 0 500 1000 Meters RPC-8 CHAPTER 9 Recreation, Parks and Community Services Element TABLE . . EXISTING .ARK AND . EA Res Parks/Open Neighborhood Community Park Space Park A-1 Stocklmeir Ranch McClellan Ranch 16.0 Blesch Parcel 5.0 McClellan Ranch West 3.0 A-2 Stevens Creek 0.6 (Simms Property) Trail 2.4 Blackberry Farm Park 21.5 Blackberry Farm Golf Course 16.5 Monta Vista HS 10.0* Cupertino Kennedy Jr. HS 9.0 B Hills Swim and 2.98 Linda Vista 11.0 Lincoln Elem. 3.0 Racquet Club*** Regnant Elem. 3.0 C E-1 Varian Park 6.0 Stevens Ck. 3.0 Elem E-2 Monta Vista 6.0 F-1 Forge Apts 0.5* Villa Serra 0.61 Franco Park 0.61 Homestead HS 10.0* F-2 Memorial Park 20.0 Garden Gate 3.0 Sports Center 6.2 Elem. G Sommerset 2.0 Mary Avenue Dog Park 0.5 Square H-1 Faria Elem. 3.0 H-2 Jollyman 11.5 Cali Mill Plaza Park** 1.0 1-1 City Center 1.39* Wilson Park 8.0 Civic Center Park** pp 77 Eaton Elem. 3.0 Amphitheater Library Field 3.0 Library Plaza 1:0 Civic Center Plaza 0.5 1-2 Creekside 13.0 J-1 Cupertino HS 10.0* Hyde Jr. HS 6.0 J 2 Sedgewick Elem. 4.0* Rancho Sterling K Rinconada Swim 2.0 Barnhart 0.6 Rec Facility** L-1 L-2 Portal Park 4.0 Collins Elem. 3.0 Portal Elem. 1.71 M Hampton Apt 0.5* Main Street Park Easement .75 Arioso Apts 0.5* Town Square Easement 0.8 N Oak Valley (2) 0.94 Little Rancho Park 0.34 Canyon Oak Park 0.4 O P-1 Three Oaks 3.0 P-2 Hoover 6.0 Total by Park Type 14.32 74.71 89.4 36 Total All Types 214.43 Notes:*Not included in park acreage, -Privately owned,public access, -Privately owned RPC` 9 COMMUNITY VISION 2040 City of Cupertino The Stevens Creek Corridor, located in the Monta Vista Planning Area, has a natural environment with trails, swimming facilities, group picnic areas, historic orchard (Stocklmeir), historic ranch (McClellan Ranch), a nine-hole golf course (Blackberry Farm Golf Course) and related sup- port facilities. Blackberry Farm Recreational area's swimming facilities, recreation programs and reserved picnic areas are only available in the summer, although access to the Stevens Creek Corridor trails is available year round. The City is in the process of preparing a Stevens Creek Corridor Master Plan to review the design and planning of facilities and programs throughout the Stevens Creek corridor. City objectives for the plan include accommodating year-around use of the facilities in the corridor; reviewing and revising the plans for the golf course, McClellan Ranch, Stocklmeir, McClellan Ranch West (Simms) and Blesch properties; incorporating the trail system; restoring Stevens Creek; and addressing neighborhood issues. In addition to these community facilities, the City also has a system of neighborhood parks of varying sizes and types that are located throughout Cupertino. Each neighborhood park offers a variety of opportunities for passive and active recreation for adjacent neighborhoods and recreational programs for the community. Lastly, the City also has agree- ments with the school districts to maintain school fields in return for allowing the community to use the fields, when they are not in use by the schools. Private and Semi-Public Open Space Resources There are several private, open space and recreational activ- ity businesses in Cupertino that support the recreational needs of the community. They include the Deep Cliff Golf Course and the Cupertino Hills Swim and Racquet Club in the Monta Vista Planning Area, as well as riding stables in the foothills. The Rancho Rinconada Recreation Center, RPC-10 CHAPTER 9 Recreation, Parks and Community Services Element a swim and recreational facility operated by a separate District, is available publicly to residents of the Rancho Rinconada Area. These facilities are valuable to the com- munity because they often provide services that are not tra- ditionally provided by the public sector on City or regional parklands. Several hillside and urban subdivisions, and apartment complexes, offer both natural and built recreational facilities for their residents. Private open spaces that are accessible to the public include Cali Mill Plaza at the intersection of Stevens Creek and De Anza Boulevards, Civic Park in the Town Center development across from the Civic Center, and the park at the Main Street development along Stevens Creek Boulevard east of Wolfe Road. Lastly, utility power line corridors in the city's foothills provide public paths and trails through open space areas. Trails Trails and paths connect people to each other, create access to open space areas and parks, and provide an alternative to driving from place to place. Promoting more trails and connectivity along creeks, hillsides and through neighborhoods is a major objective of the General Plan. Providing access to open space and parks is not completely dependent on trails. Sidewalks and streets can also connect pedestrians to their destinations. However, occasional bar- riers often pose an issue when they break the continuity. Future plans for these areas should enhance connectivity to neighborhoods and other parts of the city. Each major trail corridor in Cupertino is discussed in greater detail below. In addition to these trail corridors, the City also seeks to expand access to other trails through grants and develop- ment review. Figure RPC-4 identifies major trail linkages in Cupertino. RPC-11 COMMUNITY VISION 2040 City of Cupertino Figure RPC-4 Trails Linkage Los Altos Sunnyvale IL M! HOMESTEA ROA r7 • Q q d� i� C Calabazas 1�1-2 Rancho Creek San Antoni E: Trail a Santa Clara ;qF j IL $an Tomas L---- Aquino Trail, �� _ a San Jose sta LN El Park wft - ------ Legend CI RAIN DRIVE City Boundary ----- Heart of the City Boundary Urban Service Area Boundary Ste—Creek ROSPECT ROA Sphere of Influence Re— Boundary Agreement Line 16 Saratoga Unincorporated Areas IN I I Existing or Proposed Trail Linkages *090 Future Trail Linkages 0000 Potential Alternative Trail Alignment 00040 Potential Trails N 0 0.5 1 Mile 0 1000 2000 3000 Feet 0 500 1000 Meters RPC-12 CHAPTER 9 Recreation, Parks and Community Services Element Stevens Creek The 65 acre Stevens Creek corridor is Cupertino's most prominent urban open space/trail resource. The land is designated for recreation, parklands and farming, and provides flood plain area for the creek. Adjoining proper- ties are zoned for low-density residential use. The Stevens Creek Corridor Plan retains the open space character of the Stevens Creek greenbelt between the Stevens Creek reservoir and Stevens Creek Boulevard, and offers histori- cal significance relating to the Juan Bautista De Anza Trail designation. The City is participating with adjacent cities including Sunnyvale, Los Altos and Mountain View in a Four Cities Coordinated Stevens Creek Trail Feasibility Study to explore connections for a trail following Stevens Creek, extending to the San Francisco Bay. The study is currently in progress and is expected to be completed in 2015. The City will implement recommendations from the study endorsed by the City Council. The City's acquisition of Linda Vista Park, McClellan Ranch, Blackberry Farm, and the McClellan Ranch West (Simms), Stocklmeir properties, and more recently, the Blesch property support these planning efforts. The 2002 Stevens Creek Trail Feasibility study concluded that it is feasible to construct 7.7 miles of separated and on-street multi-use paths connecting to Rancho San Antonio and Stevens Creek County parks. To complete the trail, a public trail easement through the approximately 150 acre former quarry property south of Linda Vista Park will be established when the property is proposed for develop- ment. The former quarry haul road connects Linda Vista Park to McClellan Road. It is under the same ownership as the quarry and is necessary to link these properties. Full build out of the Stevens Creek trail is expected to take about 10 to 15 years. RPC-13 COMMUNITY VISION 2040 City of Cupertino Calabazas Creek There is an opportunity for a trail along Calabazas Creek that would connect the South Vallco Planning Area to Cupertino High School and Creekside Park. The Santa Clara Valley Water District's Clean, Safe Creeks and Natural Flood Protection Plan calls for identifying recreation opportunities along the creek as part of the flood protection project. San Tomas-Aquino/Saratoga Creek Cupertino's section of the 12 mile San Tomas-Aquino Trail crosses into the city from Santa Clara on Pruneridge Avenue, extends to bicycle lanes on Bollinger Road, and further extends north-south along the city limit between San Jose and Cupertino. The City has explored the potential to create a linear Lawrence-Mitty Park along the creek with the cooperation of Santa Clara County, neighboring jurisdic- tions and the Santa Clara Valley Water District. Union Pacific Railroad The 8.7 mile proposed Union Pacific Rail Trail corridor extends through the cities of Cupertino, Saratoga, Campbell and the town of Los Gatos. The trail would link to the Los Gatos Creek Trail, connecting the two most heavily used parks in Santa Clara County: Rancho San Antonio County Park and Vasona County Park. A feasibility study found that this project is not feasible at this time. Acquisition of right-of-way or easements is anticipated when the Railroad goes out of service or is able to relin- quish right-of-way. The corridor is designated as a proposed trail on the Trail Linkages diagram. Should the railroad corridor use change, provision for a continuous trail through the corridor must be included as a project component. RPC-14 I CHAPTER 9 Recreation, Parks and Community Services Element Don Burnett Bicycle-Pedestrian Bridge The Don Burnett Bicycle-Pedestrian Bridge (formerly known as the Mary Avenue Bicycle Footbridge) links the Sunnyvale and north side of 1-280 to De Anza College, Memorial Park and the Oaks Shopping Center. It was opened in 2009 and is enjoyed by pedestrians, bicyclists and school children. Its unique design creates a gateway into Cupertino and a landmark for the area. Interstate 280 Trail This is a potential trail along the drainage channel on the south side of 1-280. The trail has the potential of connect- ing several significant nodes in the city starting from the Calabazas Creek connection across from the Main Street development to Vallco Shopping District, and ending at De Anza Boulevard. The trail could be potentially extended west of De Anza Boulevard in a later phase. A number of development projects have contributed to a study and potential improvements to implement the trail. The tim- ing of the study is expected to be coordinated with the redevelopment of the Vallco Shopping District and other developments in the area. The City will have to coordinate with the Santa Clara County Valley Water District on the project since it owns the drainage channel. Park Standards A well-planned park program incorporates a variety of facilities and programs to meet the community's needs. The program must also be flexible so that it can be updated as the community grows and changes in the future. The City is proposing a Parks and Recreation Master Plan that responds to these issues. Key elements of such a master plan will include parks performance standards, a classifica- tion system of park type and a recreation program for the community. The master plan will also identify locations RPC-15 COMMUNITY VISION 2040 City of Cupertino where additional capacity is needed to meet the current and future needs of its residents and workers and strategies to bridge the gaps. The City is fortunate to have access to a multitude of trails and regional park resources within Cupertino, which, along with the City's inventory of available parkland, provides approximately 430 acres of park and recreation area for city residents (or approximately 7.37 acres of parkland per 1,000 residents). The City's inventory of available parkland, which includes community and neighborhood parks as well as publicly accessible parks through agreements, is approximately 210 acres (or approximately 3.6 acres per 1,000 residents). If the amount of parkland accessible due to agreements with the Cupertino Union School District is excluded, the available parkland is 174 acres (or approxi- mately 2.98 acres per 1,000 residents). The City's standard currently specifies three acres of park- land per 1,000 residents. However, the City should continue to explore raising the parkland standard to five acres per 1,000 residents for its parks acquisition program. Park Accessibility One of the City's key objectives in planning for neighbor- hoods is to distribute parks and open space within the community so that all residents can safely walk or bike to a recreation facility. This has the advantage of improving neighborhood identity, social interactions and the overall health of the community. Figure RPC-5 shows the neighborhoods and the 1/2 mile service area radius for neighborhood parks. The service area map includes walking and biking impediments due to physical barriers, such as freeways, railroad tracks or stream beds. In addition, busy streets may discourage some people, especially young children, from visiting nearby parks. The Complete Streets policies in the Mobility RPC-16 CHAPTER 9 Recreation, Parks and Community Services Element Figure RPC-5 Park Access Little Rancho Park Sommerset Franco Park C Square Park y Sunnyvale -4 Los Altos { HOMESTEA RO ' 5 IN a + tt`4 - es Dog Park z < Collins lvlain Stree — ants Clara I Q Mar v o E ementary s Eas nt I Varian Memorial Field LL " Main Street any Oak P rk LL Park Park Portal; Town Square �. Sports Park Center SiEyEN CREEK BLVD ement LACali Plaza Blackberry Ce ter -City Ci ye en r Wilso Park � z " Monta <� Park a 1 I Vista o Civic Park Li rary�Cente reekside _. MCCL LAN ROAD P za L Plaza Park , Sterling r Barnhart Par McClellan❑ Libra ry a a L----r Par Fietd k Jolly an j m 5 3 i m Park m aOLLINCER J t in San Jose Vista ,i Park / I 3akk PLegend RAI BO DRIVE --.-.. =.1 I City Boundary Hoover ,,', Urban Service Area Boundary Park Sy Sphere of Influence ' 5--,Creek PR SPK!RO O Reseno1r Boundary Agreement Line Saratoga Unincorporated Areas 1/2 Mile Access Range From Park Sites Existing Park Site N 0 0.5 1 M 1B T0 1000 2000 3000Feet 0 500 1000Met— RPC-17 COMMUNITY VISION 2040 City of Cupertino Element will work in tandem with parks planning to ensure that key intersections connecting neighborhoods to services are improved for pedestrian and bicycle connections. Table RPC-2 shows the park and open space acreage proposed by area. Acquisition strategies will include agree- ments to allowing community use of school sites, expand- ing and making modifications to existing parks, leveraging State and regional funding, and park dedication require- ments for major new developments. Recreation Programs The City offers a variety of recreation programs for residents ranging from pre-school age children to its seniors. These include sports, arts, educational programs, teen programs, senior programs and services, special festivals and events and other activities. As the community profile changes, these programs will have to evolve to address their specific needs. The City is continuously working to refine and revise its programs to serve its population, while ensuring that the programs can be mostly maintained by fees charged. Programs such as environmental education, health and wellness, after school programs, art and cultural diversity programs, science and math camps, and adventure pro- grams are examples of programs that are growing in need and popularity. Schools Cupertino is served by excellent institutions of public education. Cupertino Union School District, Fremont Union High School District and Foothill-De Anza Community College District provide nationally acclaimed elementary, secondary and post-secondary education. This group of school districts is one of the primary attractions of Cupertino for home buyers, particularly families with RPC-18 CHAPTER 9 Recreation, Parks and Community Services Element TABLE RPC-2 PROPOSED OPEN SPACE ACREAGE ACQUISITION BY A' DescriptionPotential Park Lands Existingp ark Acres Neighborhood Community Park Park A-1 A-2 65 5.59 Reuse Blackberry Farm 33.00 for Community Park B 28.98 C E-1 9 E-2 6 F-1 1.22 3.5 F-2 29,2 Memorial Park contains Neighborhood Facilities G 2.5 H-1 3 H-2 11.5 1-1 17.2 1-2 13.0 J-1 Neighborhood Park J-2 6 K 2.6 3.5 Neighborhood Park L-1 Neighborhood Park L-2 7 M 1.55 3.5 Neighborhood Park N 1.68 O P-1 3.0 P-2 6.0 Total Existing Park 214.43 Lands Total Prop Parks Land 49.09 10.5 38.59 Total All Park Lands 263.52 RPC 19 COMMUNITY VISION 2040 City of Cupertino school-age children. While the City is not directly involved in the provision of education, it does control growth and development that can affect schools by increasing student enrollment beyond the means of schools to service them. In turn, it is crucial for the City to continue working directly with the school districts to maintain their current high quality. In addition, the City should continue to coordinate with schools to partner on open space and cultural opportunities for community use. The City is already implementing, and hopes to expand, the field maintenance agreements with schools to allow community use when these facilities are not in use by schools. The City will also explore 9 partner- ships with De Anza College and the school districts to make available their theater, tennis courts and community meet- ing spaces for use by community groups. Library The Cupertino Library, operated by the Santa Clara County Library under the Joint Powers Authority Agreement, is an important community resource. The City continues to contribute to the library's annual operating costs, which are necessary to implement and enhance services provided by the County Library. In addition, the City built a new 54,000 square foot library in 2004, which replaced an outdated 23,000 square foot library. This new facility was needed to accommodate the needs of the growing community. Cupertino Library is now a key community destination in the Civic Center and runs a variety of reading programs and other community activities. A Civic Center Master Plan is currently being developed to meet the facility and parking needs of the various site elements, including the Library, Library Field, City Hall, Community Hall, and the plaza. RPC-20 CHAPTER 9 Recreation, Parks and Community Services Element LOOKING FORWARD As the Cupertino community grows and changes in age, diversity and ability, the City's parks and recreation pro- grams will have to adjust to meet those needs. In cases where needed services are not provided by the City, the City will partner with other providers to ensure that commu- nity goals and expectations are met. The City will also have to look for ways to expand and deliver services in a manner that is fiscally-responsible by partnering with public agen- cies, service providers and private development, and look- ing for grants to supplement funding for projects. The City will also have to continually update its portfolio of facilities and recreation services to prioritize programs that are most needed and can serve the community in an equitable man- ner. The City should also explore ways to take advantage of sustainable practices to reduce facility maintenance costs. The following are ways the City will address key challenges and opportunities facing Cupertino: 1. Expand Recreation Facilities. As the City realizes added growth anticipated in Community Vision 2040 it will have to look at expanding facilities and programs. These can be achieved through careful master planning, implementation of a Capital Improvement Program (CIP), and partnering with agencies and private develop- ers to increase park and open space. 2. Equitable Distribution and Access. In the future, the City should look to balancing its recreation facilities so that each neighborhood and special area has easy access to parks and recreation services. Strategies to achieve this include removing physical barriers and improving pedestrian and bicycle paths to such facili- ties, prioritizing areas that are deficient in park space, retrofitting facilities and revising programs to meet com- munity needs. RPC-21 COMMUNITY VISION 2040 City of Cupertino 3. Collaboration. The City will rely heavily on partnerships and collaboration with other service providers in sharing facilities and services, and ensuring that City plans meet the community's current and future needs. This will allow the City to deliver services in a manner that is efficient and fiscally responsible. 4. Sustainability. The City should explore ways to rede- velop, build and maintain facilities and parks in an environmentally sustainable manner. Such practices will allow the City to reduce maintenance costs for build- ings and landscaping, while also improving community health. 5. Funding. The City should continue to explore ways to deliver services in a fiscally responsible manner by iden- tifying new sources of funding through grants, working with developers to expand facilities and services, shar- ing facilities with other agencies and school districts, and reviewing recreation programs to ensure that they meet demand. RPC-22 CHAPTER 9 Recreation, Parks and Community Services Element GOALS AND POLICIES The goals and policies in this section provide guidance on how the City can continue to serve the needs of the com- munity through the growth and change in the horizon of Community Vision 2040. Parks and Open Space Parks and open space policies outline acquisition, develop- ment, distribution, access and maintenance of parkland in Cupertino in order to ensure that all residents enjoy easy access to these areas. GOAL RPC-1 CREATE RANGE OF PARK AND PRESERVERECREATIONAL RESOURCES AND Policy RPC-1.1: Parks and Recreation Master Plan Prepare a citywide Parks and Recreation Master Plan that outlines policies and strategies to plan for the communities open space and recreational needs. Strategy RPC-1.1.1: Stevens Creek Corridor Master Plan. Prepare a master plan for the park and open space corridor along Stevens Creek including McClellan Ranch, McClellan Ranch West, Blackberry Farm, the Blackberry Farm golf course, Stocklmeir and Blesch properties and the Nathan Hall Tank House area. The plan should address a fiscally sustainable strategy that allows year-round community use of the park system, while preserving the areas natural resources and addressing neighborhood issues including connectivity and buffers. Strategy RPC-1.1.2: Civic Center Master Plan. Prepare a master plan that addresses the needs of the elements in RPC-23 COMMUNITY VISION 2040 City of Cupertino the Civic Center area including City Hall, Community Hall, Library Field, Library programming, function and meeting space and community gathering space and parking needs. Policy RPC-1.2: Parkland Standards. Continue to implement a parkland acquisition and implementation program that provides a minimum of three acres per 1,000 residents. Strategy RPC-1.2.1: Park Size. Require target for parks based on function and activity supported as part of the Parks and Recreation Master Plan. While the preferred size for most neighborhood parks is about 3.5 acres for flexibility of use, smaller size parks may be considered based on opportunities and circumstances. Strategy RPC-1.2.2: Amend Parkland Standard. Explore increasing the parkland standard to five acres per 1,000 residents as part of the citywide Parks and Recreation Master Plan. Policy RPC-1.3: Capital Improvement Program (CIP) Ensure that CIP projects reflect the goals and policies iden- tified in Community Vision 2040, establishing a criteria for ranking CIP proposals for the highest and best selection of community projects. RPC-24 CHAPTER 9 Recreation, Parks and Community Services Element GOAL RPC-2 DISTRIBUTE PARKS AND OPEN SPACE THROUGHOUT THE COMMUNITY . PROVIDE . . SAFE AND EASY ACCESS, ALL RESIDENTS . WORKERS Policy RPC-2.1: Parkland Acquisition The City's parkland acquisition strategy should be based upon three broad objectives: • Distributing parks equitably throughout the City; • Connecting and providing access by providing paths, improved pedestrian and bike connectivity and signage; and • Retaining and restoring creeks and other natural open space areas. Strategy RPC-2.1.1: Dedication of Parkland. New developments, in areas where parkland deficiencies have been identified, should be required to dedicate parkland rather than paying in-lieu fees. Strategy RPC-2.1.2: Public Use of School Sites. Zone all public school sites for public use to allow for the public to use sites, when not in use by schools, through shared arrangements. Strategy RPC-2.1.3: Acquisition of Surplus Properties. Explore acquisition of surplus school and agency properties for parkland. Take advantage of the Naylor Act to purchase surplus school sites. RPC-25 COMMUNITY VISION 2040 City of Cupertino Policy RPC-2.2: Private Open Space and Recreation Facilities Encourage the continued existence and profitability of pri- vate open space and recreation facilities through incentives and development controls. Strategy RPC-2.2.1: Existing Facilities. Encourage the continued existence of private recreational facilities through land use zoning and incentives. Strategy RPC-2.2.2: New Facilities. Require major developments to incorporate private open space and recreational facilities, and seek their cooperation in making the spaces publicly-accessible. • Where feasible, ensure park space is publicly-accessible (as opposed to private space). • Encourage active areas to serve community needs. However, a combination of active and passive areas can be provided based on the setting. • Integrate park facilities into the surroundings. • If public parkland is not dedicated, require park fees based on a formula that considers the extent to which the publicly-accessible facilities meet community need. Policy RPC-2.3: Parkland Distribution Strive for an equitable distribution of parks and recreational facilities throughout the city. Park acquisition should be based on the following priority list. Accessibility to parks should be a component of the acquisition plan. • High Priority: Parks in neighborhoods or areas that have few or no park and recreational areas. • Medium Priority: Parks in neighborhoods that have other agency facilities such as school fields and district facilities, but no City parks. RPC-26 CHAPTER 9 Recreation, Parks and Community Services Element • Low Priority: Neighborhoods and areas that have park and recreational areas which may be slightly less than the adopted City's parkland standard. • Private Development: Consider pocket parks in new and renovated projects to provide opportunities for publicly-accessible park areas. Policy RPC-2.4: Connectivity and Access Ensure that each home is within a half-mile walk of a neighborhood park or community park with neighborhood facilities; ensure that walking and biking routes are reason- ably free of physical barriers, including streets with heavy traffic; provide pedestrian links between parks, wherever possible; and provide adequate directional and site signage to identify public parks. Strategy RPC-2.4.1: Pedestrian and Bike Planning. Implement recommendations in the Bicycle and Pedestrian Plans to link employment and special areas, and neighborhood to services including parks, schools and neighborhood shopping. Strategy RPC-2.4.2: Signage. Adopt and maintain a master signage plan for all public parks to ensure adequate and consistent signage is provided to identify public recreational areas. Policy RPC-2.5: Range of Park Amenities Provide parks and recreational facilities for a variety of rec- reational activities. Strategy RPC-2.5.1: Special Needs. Extend recreational opportunities for special needs groups (seniors, disabled, visually-challenged, etc.) by making improvements to existing facilities and trails. RPC 27 COMMUNITY VISION 2040 City of Cupertino Strategy RPC-2.5.2: Recreational Facilities. Explore the possibility of providing additional access to existing facilities such as gymnasiums, swimming pools and tennis courts. GOAL RPC-3 PRESERVE TO PARKS NATURAL • • Policy RPC-3.1. Preservation of Natural Areas parks Desi arks to utilize natural features and the topography 9 of the site in order torotect natural features and keep p maintenance costs low. Strategy RPC-3.1.1: Native Planting. Maximize the use of native plants and drought-tolerant planting. Strategy RPC-3.1.2: Natural Habitat. Where possible, restore and provide access to creeks and riparian habitat. Strategy RPC-3.1.3: Nature Play Areas. Where appropriate, consider establishing Nature Play Areas in lieu of the more conventional play equipment. GOAL RPC-4 PARKSINTEGRATE FACILITIES WITHIN NEIGHBORHOODS AND AREAS Policy RPC-4.1: Recreational Intensity Design parks appropriately to address the facility and rec- reational programming required by each special area and neighborhood based on current and future plans for the areas. RPC-28 CHAPTER 9 Recreation, Parks and Community Services Element Policy RPC-4.2: Park Safety Design parks to enhance public safety by providing visibility to the street and access for public safety responders. Trails Trails policies encourage the provision of a system of linear connections along creeks, utility rights-of-way and other corridors in order to provide recreational opportunities, improve pedestrian and bicycle access throughout the city, improve safety, and preserve natural resources. GOAL RPC-5 INTERCONNECTEDCREATE AN SYSTEM OF TRAILS PROVIDE BICYCLE ACCESS THROUGH CITY AND • • TO LOCAL NODES • • Policy RPC-5.1: Open Space and Trail Linkages Dedicate or acquire open space land along creeks and utility through regional cooperation, grants and private development review. Strategy RPC-5.1.1: Pedestrian and Bike Planning. Implement recommendations in the Bicycle and Pedestrian Plan that link trails and open space to neighborhoods and special areas. Strategy RPC-5.1.2: Trail Projects. Implement trail projects described in this Element; evaluate any safety, security and privacy impacts and mitigations associated with trail development; and work with affected neighbors in locating trails to ensure that their concerns are appropriately addressed. RPC-29 COMMUNITY VISION 2040 City of Cupertino Strategy RPC-5.1.3: Dedicated Trail Easements. Require dedication or easements for trails, as well as their implementation, as part of the development review process, where appropriate. Strategy RPC-5.1.4: Joint Use Agreement. Establish a Joint Use Agreement with the Santa Clara Valley Water District that allows cooperation on implementing the trail program with set standards and implementation measures for creek trails. Policy RPC-5.2: Pedestrian and Bicycle Paths Develop a citywide network of pedestrian and bicycle pathways to connect employment centers, shopping areas and neighborhoods to services including parks, schools and neighborhood centers. Recreation Programs and Services Recreation programs and services policies provide guidance for the implementation of programs that serve the changing and growing needs of the community in order to ensure an exceptional quality of life. GOAL . . CREATE AND MAINTAIN A BROAD RANGE OF RECREATION PROGRAMS AND SERVICES THAT MEET THE NEEDS OF ♦ DIVERSE POPULATION Policy RPC-6.1: Diverse Programs Ensure that the City continues to offer a wide range of pro- grams to serve diverse populations of all ages and abilities. RPC-30 CHAPTER 9 Recreation, Parks and Community Services Element Policy RPC-6.2: Partnerships Enhance the city's recreational programs through partner- ships with other agencies and non-profit organizations. Policy RPC-6.3: Art and Culture Utilize parks as locations of art and culture and to educate the community about the city's history, and explore the potential to use art in facilities and utilities when located in parks. GOAL • • PROVIDE" • COMMUNITYFLEXIBLE AND WELL-MAINTAINED THE CHANGING NEEDS OF COMMUNITYARE • OF COMMUNITY Policy RPC-7.1: Sustainable Design Ensure that City facilities are sustainably designed to mini- mize impacts on the environment. Policy RPC-7.2: Flexibility Design facilities to be flexible to address changing com- munity needs. Policy RPC-7.3: Maintenance Design facilities to reduce maintenance, and ensure that facilities are maintained and upgraded adequately. RPC-31 COMMUNITY VISION 2040 City of Cupertino Community Services Community services policies seek to enhance the quality of community services through partnerships and information sharing with providers. GOAL . . COOPERATE •• DISTRICTSA' MEET COMMUNITY NEEDS Policy RPC-8.1: School Districts Partner with school districts to allow community use of their sports fields and facilities. Strategy RPC-8.1.1: Shared Facilities. Maintain and enhance arrangements with schools for the use of sports fields, theaters, meeting spaces and other facilities through maintenance agreements and other partnerships. Strategy RPC-8.1.2: School Expansion. Encourage schools to meet their expansion needs without reducing the size of their sports fields. Strategy RPC-8.1.3: School Facility Needs. Collaborate with schools on their facility needs through sharing of development information and partnerships through major development projects. RPC-32 a." Cyd. v t: 0 * e; •• wah bakery" r u u N �'yV gg n, �S Appendix A LAND USE DEFINITIONS Appendix A Land Use Definitions INTRODUCTION CONTENTS The Land Use Map (Figure A-1) of Community Vision 2040Introduction illustrates the policies in this element and in other elements A-4 Land Use Categories that play a major role in guiding urban development. The Residential map cannot be used alone because it illustrates the text, Neighborhood which should be used along with it. Commercial/Residential Office The Land Use Map illustrates the general form of Cupertino Commercial/Office/ in • - in terms of land use patterns and intensity of land use Residential activities. In contrast, the Municipal Zoning Map divides Office/Industrial/ the city into very precisely drawn land use categories. Commercial/Residential Zoning districts have precisely written standards governing Quasi Parks an permitted activities and development forms. A series of • ••en •a ceRiparian Corridor policy statements accompany the planning text to guide Public Facilities the public and government officials in establishing precise Transportation zoning boundaries and pinpoint permitted activities. Monta Neighborhood Designation California law requires that the zoning map and zoning regulations be consistent with the Land Use Map and text. The zoning map and regulations must be brought into conformity with Community Vision 2040 within a reasonable period after it is adopted. 7 COMMUNITY VISION 2040 City of Cupertino LAND USE CATEGORIES Patterns and symbols, defined on the map legend, are used on the Land Use Map to identify land use categories, the road system, major land features and significant public and private facilities. The following is a description of each land use category: 9 rY: Residential Areas suitable for dwellings, divided into five sub- categories based on dwelling unit density and expressed as the number of dwellings permitted on each acre. Maximum residential yield is calculated by multiplying the maximum dwelling unit density by the size of the lot in acres, excluding any public rights-of-way. Community Vision 2040 does not define whether the dwellings are to be owned or rented by their inhabitants or whether they are to be attached or detached. Very Low Density: Intensity is based on applying one of four slope-density formula—Foothill Modified, Foothill Modified 1/2 Acre, Semi-Rural 5 acre or Foothill 5-20 acre. This classification is intended to protect environmentally sensitive areas from extensive development and to protect human life from hazards related to flood, fire and unstable terra i n. Low Density: 1-5 and 1-6 units on each acre. This category is intended to promote a suburban lifestyle of detached single-family homes. Planned residential communities can be incorporated into this category if the development form is compatible with adjoining residential development. Low/Medium Density: 5-10 units per acre. This category accommodates more intensive forms of residential development while still being compatible with the predominant single-family detached residential A-4 Appendix A Land Use Definitions neighborhood. This development can be successfully incorporated into a single-family environment. Medium Density: 10-20 units per acre. This category provides greater opportunity for multiple-family residential developments in a planned environment. This range usually results in traffic volumes and buildings that are not compatible with single-family residential neighborhoods. These developments should be located on the edges of single-family residential communities where utility services and street networks are adequate to serve increased densities. Medium-High Density: 20-35 units per acre. This promotes a wide range of housing choices in multiple- family dwellings. The intensity requires that the category be used in corridors with access to services and transit. The development may result in structures with three or four levels and underground parking. This category offers opportunity for housing choice, especially for people who want a more urban environment. High Density: 20-35 units per acre. This promotes a wide range of housing choices in multiple-family dwellings. The intensity requires that the category be used only at locations with adequate utility services or transit or both. The development may result in structures with three or four levels and underground parking. This category offers maximum opportunity for housing choice, especially for people who want a city environment. Commercial/Residential This designation allows primarily commercial uses and secondarily residential uses or a compatible combination A-5 COMMUNITY VISION 2040 City of Cupertino of the two. Commercial use means retail sales, businesses, limited professional offices, and service establishments with direct contact with customers. This applies to commercial activities ranging from neighborhood convenience stores to regionally oriented specialty stores. Retail stores that would be a nuisance for adjoining neighborhoods or harmful to the community identity would be regulated by the commercial zoning ordinance and use permit procedure. Smaller commercial parcels in existing residential areas may be needed to provide local neighborhood serving retail; otherwise they may be redeveloped at residential densities compatible with the surroundings. Residential development is subject to the numerical caps and other policies described in the development priorities tables. Neighborhood Commercial/Residential Neighborhood Commercial is a subset of the Commercial land use designation. This category includes retail activities, personal services and limited commercial offices that serve primarily the residents of adjacent neighborhoods. Residential living units may only be allowed as upper floor uses. Office This designation encompasses all office uses referenced in the City's Administrative and Professional Office Zone including administrative, professional and research and development activities. Prototype research and development is permitted if it is conducted along with the office functions of a business. Prototype R&D is defined as research and development activities that lead to the development of a new product or a new manufacturing and assembly process. Products A-b Appendix A Land Use Definitions developed, manufactured or assembled here are not intended to be mass-produced for sale at this location. Guidelines for Prototype Research and Development: The type, use and storage of hazardous material for prototype R&D or assembly is regulated by the Uniform Building Code, the Uniform Fire Code and any new ordinance or other regulation that controls hazardous materials. The building must not present the appearance that a prototype R&D or assembly process is in place. There will be no exterior storage and receiving facilities will be small. Generally, no more than 25 percent of the total space occupied by the firm will be devoted to this activity. Commercial/Office/Residential This designation applies to the mixed-use areas that are predominantly commercial and office uses. Supporting residential uses may be allowed to offset job growth, better balance the citywide jobs to housing ratio and when they are compatible with the primarily non-residential character of the area. Residential development is subject to the numerical caps and other policies (described in the Land Use and Community Design element). Industrial/Residential This designation allows primarily industrial uses and secondarily residential uses or a compatible combination of the two. Industrial use refers to manufacturing, assembly and research and development. Administrative offices that support manufacturing and wholesaling are included. Housing may be allowed to offset job growth and better balance citywide jobs to housing ratio. Residential development is subject to the numerical caps and other A-7 COMMUNITY VISION 2040 City of Cupertino policies (described in the Land Use and Community Design Element). Office/Industrial/Commercial/Residential This designation applies to areas that are primarily office uses and industrial uses. Commercial uses should be ancillary and supportive of the office and industrial base with the exception of larger parcels, which may be used for regionally oriented stores. Residential development is subject to the numerical caps and other policies (described in the Land Use and Community Design Element). Quasi-Public/Institutional This designation is applied to privately owned land involving activities such as a private utility, a profit or non- profit facility giving continuous patient care, an educational facility or a religious facility. Parks and Open Space This designation is applied to land owned by the public and used for recreation. It is also applied to private open space and recreational lands. Riparian Corridor This designation is applied to creek corridors if they are not part of a larger park or residential property. Public Facilities This designation is applied to land used or planned to be used by a governmental entity for a public purpose. Transportation This designation is applied to streets, highways and rail corridors. A-8 Appendix A Land Use Definitions Monta Vista Neighborhood Land Use Designation Residential: The Monta Vista neighborhood has three density ranges, which allow single family, duplex and multi-family housing types. Non-residential: The non-residential designations are the same as the rest of Cupertino. A-9 EXHIBIT GPA-2 mm1,(ym1d.,.— i i 'j X11 r1 m — Citi/of Cupertino Land Use Map II .vmmuu nu. s Lm—d No ltesideM411Jt1d Lx Ua+{gtNllona l I .. V r---- j..-.� � � •R�/MarldMrxik �aeurJ'WSFxxW k,w.h„nJ r hrdurM/r.mmr+Nl _� �— L J 41r_NI('ndn lbwuWxs �hWunrrW/NnN..uu.l T� � Q tJrlmn Seni�Arm O N.NUNiI/Re.NnntJ/('.mrrrcrw ®SlMr.d Idhwne �AM.Vrww. Horning tl•mmtSik -Cun 1\rllrr:Innunu.vl —rhe��-- 1 ®lwVrd4r;hrraukaW twnU� Ne.{r1eelYllyd Ur lksiRr-lbxs r.�art r>,M y� �y�ertlr UnWk R30Ane s4�r t,.rmn RwmJai �NV.rw t.muN \ 'mxtuwllruk fl/3�V'm Vqe Umm�hwmrJ.r �i Overt lur awry tSbpe las.iry l,wa,i.r O i-mrslwn.em O Wn t]or.hv U 5 R'/Ar.l 4 .-1x VH.1..d Uw IkffRwbws � I.wv Uan"11601'/M.)Rmnb llYxmrxda O Wr.lndiJpU IXI/Asvl — —— _ _-. la/11.• Uarr�ry l'+'10IX:/M.1 O p..rhrxW Id.d y.y IX'/A<.1 I I a \h,h,m,11L10IX'/AtJ WvMxW NA 131Y'/Ax.l I I / hL.hrmr/W�r lbrrdn paR OU/A�.i �Cx.FrxW 11015IX:/A..1 I I -IIrP,h Uanxv l>�`IX%/K.) O\I, .wwl('urmenYal/R..dd.rrKrl I I Sites designated QrR Fiority Housing Sites as identified in the adopted Housing Element. II Kdnnh.rum3inR tM denann.Jxn.n ahn-e.J.w J.wrgwhl a.1'ri.rrily i hmsinR.Sila•.�rn the adopkJ lhmarng FJsmrnl Dull have dr II J d(myiir+rMm nlhalhni.rn•k-.lewm•nl ,� preparedbyftec rmunit)la—k pme tllpenn,rel h.y AN .b.;I � ^rez � sRIM a 1w a x a ti .� . 75- 77 iv'-P7ar� r : r.rd%. f soar Ilk M r�. qb' d u +„ r,y .. r 4 Appendix C Air Quality PRINCIPAL POLLUTANTS OF THE AIR BASIN CONTENTS PollutantsC-1 Principal the Air Basin A substance in the air that can cause harm to humans and the environment is known as an air pollutant. Pollutants can be in the form of solid particles, liquid droplets, or gases. In addition, they may be natural or man-made. Pollutants can be classified as primary or secondary. Usually, primary pollutants are directly emitted from a process, such as ash from a volcanic eruption, carbon monoxide gas from a motor vehicle exhaust, or sulfur dioxide released from factories. Secondary pollutants are not emitted directly. Rather, they form in the air when primary pollutants react or interact. Criteria Air Pollutants Pollutants emitted into the ambient air by stationary and mobile sources are regulated by Federal and State law. Air pollutants are categorized as primary and/or secondary pollutants. Primary air pollutants are emitted directly from sources, and include carbon monoxide (CO), reactive organic gases (ROG), nitrogen oxides (NO), sulfur dioxide (SO2), coarse inhalable particulate matter (PM10), fine inhalable particulate matter (PM25), and lead (Pb). Of these, CO, SO2, NO2, PM,o, and PM2.5are "criteria air pollutants," which means that ambient air quality standards (AAQS) have been established for them. ROG and NOx are criteria pollutant precursors that form secondary criteria air pollutants through chemical and photochemical reactions in the atmosphere. Ozone (03) and nitrogen dioxide (NO2) are the principal secondary pollutants. The following is a description of each of the primary and secondary criteria air pollutants and their known health effects. C-3 COMMUNITY VISION 2040 City of Cupertino Carbon Monoxide Carbon Monoxide (CO) is a colorless, odorless, toxic gas produced by incomplete combustion of carbon substances, such as gasoline or diesel fuel. CO concentrations tend to be the highest during winter mornings with little or no wind, when surface-based inversions trap the pollutant at ground levels. Because CO is emitted directly from internal combustion engines, motor vehicles operating at slow speeds are the primary source of CO in the Air Basin. Emissions are highest during cold starts, hard acceleration, stop-and-go driving, and when a vehicle is moving at low speeds. New findings indicate that CO emissions per mile are lowest at about 45 miles per hour (mph) for the average light-duty motor vehicle and begin to increase again at higher speeds. When inhaled at high concentrations, CO combines with hemoglobin in the blood and reduces its oxygen-carrying capacity. This results in reduced oxygen reaching the brain, heart, and other body tissues. This condition is especially critical for people with cardiovascular diseases, chronic lung disease, or anemia, as well as for fetuses. Even healthy people exposed to high CO concentrations can experience headaches, dizziness, fatigue, unconsciousness, and even death. The Air Basin is designated under the California and National AAQS as being in attainment of CO criteria levels. Reactive Organic Gases Reactive Organic Gases (ROGs) are compounds composed primarily of hydrogen and carbon atoms. Internal combustion associated with motor vehicle usage is the major source of ROGs. Other sources of ROGs include evaporative emissions from paints and solvents, the application of asphalt paving, and the use of household consumer C-4 Appendix C Air Quality products such as aerosols. Adverse effects on human health are not caused directly by ROGs, but rather by reactions of ROGs to form secondary pollutants such as 03. There are no AAQS established for ROGs. However, because they contribute to the formation of 03, BAAQMD has established a significance threshold for this pollutant. Nitrogen Oxides Nitrogen Oxides (NO.) are a by-product of fuel combustion and contribute to the formation of 03, PM 10, and PMz 5• The two major components of NOx are nitric oxide (NO) and nitrogen dioxide (NO2). The principal component of NOx produced by combustion is NO, but NO reacts with oxygen to form NO2, creating the mixture of NO and NO2 commonly called NOx. NO2 acts as an acute irritant and in equal concentrations is more injurious than NO. At atmospheric concentrations, however, NO2 is only potentially irritating. There is some indication of a relationship between NO2 and chronic pulmonary fibrosis. Some increase in bronchitis in children (two and three years old) has also been observed at concentrations below 0.3 ppm. NO2 absorbs blue light; the result is a brownish-red cast to the atmosphere and reduced visibility. NO is a colorless, odorless gas formed from atmospheric nitrogen and oxygen when combustion takes place under high temperature and/ or high pressure. The Air Basin is designated an attainment area for NO2 under the National AAQS and California AAQS. Sulfur Dioxide Sulfur Dioxide (SO2) is a colorless, pungent, irritating gas formed by the combustion of sulfurous fossil fuels. It enters the atmosphere as a result of burning high-sulfur-content fuel oils and coal and from chemical processes at chemical plants and refineries. Gasoline and natural gas have very C 5 COMMUNITY VISION 2040 City of Cupertino low sulfur content and do not release significant quantities of SO2. When SO2 forms sulfates (SO) in the atmosphere, together these pollutants are referred to as sulfur oxides (SO). As a result, SO2 is both a primary and secondary criteria air pollutant. At sufficiently high concentrations, SO2 may irritate the upper respiratory tract. At lower concentrations and when combined with particulates, SO2 may do greater harm by injuring lung tissue. The Air Basin is designated an attainment area for SO2 under the California and National AAQS Suspended Particulate Matter Suspended Particulate Matter(PM10 and PM25) consists of finely divided solids or liquids such as soot, dust, aerosols, fumes, and mists. Two forms of finep articulates are now recognized and regulated. Inhalable coarse particles, or PM101 include the particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter of 10 microns (i.e., 10 millionths of a meter or 0.0004-inch) or less. Inhalable fine particles, or PM25, have an aerodynamic diameter of 2.5 microns or less (i.e., 2.5 millionths of a meter or 0.0001 inch). Some particulate matter, such as pollen, occurs naturally. In the Air Basin most particulate matter is caused by combustion, factories, construction, grading, demolition, agricultural activities, and motor vehicles. Extended exposure to particulate matter can increase the risk of chronic respiratory disease. PM10 bypasses the body's natural filtration system more easily than larger particles and can lodge deep in the lungs. The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) scientific review concluded that PM2.5penetrates even more deeply into the lungs, and this is more likely to contribute to health effects—at concentrations well below current PM10 standards. These health effects include premature death in people C 6 Appendix C Air Quality with heart or lung disease, nonfatal heart attacks, irregular heartbeat, aggravated asthma, decreased lung function, increased respiratory symptoms (e.g., irritation of the airways, coughing, or difficulty breathing). Motor vehicles are currently responsible for about half of particulates in the Air Basin. Wood burning in fireplaces and stoves is another large source of fine particulates. Both PM10 and PMZ 5 may adversely affect the human respiratory system, especially in people who are naturally sensitive or susceptible to breathing problems. These health effects include premature death and increased hospital admissions and emergency room visits (primarily the elderly and individuals with cardiopulmonary disease); increased respiratory symptoms and disease (children and individual with asthma); and alterations in lung tissue and structure and in respiratory tract defense mechanisms. Diesel particulate matter(DPM) is classified a carcinogen by the California Air Resources Board (CARB). The Air Basin is designated nonattainment under the California AAQS for PM10 and nonattainment under both the California and National AAQS for PM 2.5' Ozone Ozone (0) is commonly referred to as "smog" and is a gas that is formed when ROGs and NO., both by-products of internal combustion engine exhaust, undergo photochemical reactions in the presence of sunlight. 03 is a secondary criteria air pollutant. 03 concentrations are generally highest during the summer months when direct sunlight, light winds, and warm temperatures create favorable conditions to the formation of this pollutant. 03 poses a health threat to those who already suffer from respiratory diseases as well as to healthy people. O alevels usually build up during the day and peak in the afternoon hours. Short-term exposure can irritate the eyes and cause constriction of the airways. C-7 COMMUNITY VISION 2040 City of Cupertino Besides causing shortness of breath, it can aggravate existing respiratory diseases such as asthma, bronchitis, and emphysema. Chronic exposure to high ozone levels can permanently damage lung tissue. 03 can also damage plants and trees and materials such as rubber and fabrics. The Air Basin is designated nonattainment of the 1-hour California AAQS and 8-hour California and National AAQS for 03. Lead Lead (Pb) is a metal found naturally in the environment as well as in manufactured products. The major sources of lead emissions have historically been mobile and industrial sources. As a result of the phase-out of leaded gasoline, metal processing is currently the primary source of lead emissions. The highest levels of lead in air are generally found near lead smelters. Other stationary sources are waste incinerators utilities and lead-acid battery manufacturers. Twenty years ago, mobile sources were the main contributor to ambient lead concentrations in the air. In the early 1970s, the EPA set national regulations to gradually reduce the lead content in gasoline. In 1975, unleaded gasoline was introduced for motor vehicles equipped with catalytic converters. The EPA banned the use of leaded gasoline in highway vehicles in December 1995. As a result of the EPA's regulatory efforts to remove lead from gasoline, emissions of lead from the transportation sector and levels of lead in the air decreased dramatically. The Air Basin is designated in attainment of the California and National AAQS for lead. Toxic Air Contaminants Public exposure to TACs is a significant environmental health issue in California. In 1983, the California Legislature enacted a program to identify the health effects of TACs and to reduce exposure to these contaminants to protect the public health. The California Health and Safety Code define a TAC c-8 Appendix C Air Quality as "an air pollutant which may cause or contribute to an increase in mortality or in serious illness, or which may pose a present or potential hazard to human health." A substance that is listed as a hazardous air pollutant pursuant to Section 112(b) of the Federal Clean Air Act (42 U.S. Code Section 7412[b]) is a toxic air contaminant. Under State law, the California Environmental Protection Agency (Cal/EPA), acting through CARB, is authorized to identify a substance as a TAC if it is an air pollutant that may cause or contribute to an increase in mortality or serious illness, or may pose a present or potential hazard to human health. California regulates TACs primarily through AB 1807 (Tanner Air Toxics Act) and AB 2588 (Air Toxics "Hot Spot" Information and Assessment Act of 1987). The Tanner Air Toxics Act sets up a formal procedure for CARB to designate substances as TACs. Once a TAC is identified, CARB adopts an "airborne toxics control measure" for sources that emit designated TACs. If there is a safe threshold for a substance (i.e. a point below which there is no toxic effect), the control measure must reduce exposure to below that threshold. If there is no safe threshold, the measure must incorporate toxics best available control technology to minimize emissions. To date, CARB has established formal control measures for 11 TACs that are identified as having no safe threshold. Air toxics from stationary sources are also regulated in California under the Air Toxics "Hot Spot" Information and Assessment Act of 1987. Under AB 2588, TAC emissions from individual facilities are quantified and prioritized by the air quality management district or air pollution control district. High priority facilities are required to perform a health risk assessment (HRA), and if specific thresholds are exceeded, are required to communicate the results to the public through notices and public meetings. C:-9 COMMUNITY VISION 2040 City of Cupertino At the time of the last update to the TAC list in December 1999, CARB had designated 244 compounds as TACs. Additionally, CARB has implemented control measures for a number of compounds that pose high risks and show potential for effective control. The majority of the estimated health risks from TACs can be attributed to relatively few compounds, the most important being particulate matter from diesel-fueled engines. In 1998, CARB identified dieselp articulate matter(DPM) as a TAC. Previously, the individual chemical compounds in diesel exhaust were considered TACs. Almost all diesel exhaust particles are 10 microns or less in diameter. Because of their extremely small size, these particles can be inhaled and eventually trapped in the bronchial and alveolar regions of the lungs. C-10 3'f4rfi �, r.' �l i s STAY r . ik b ids 'L jr it Lw* s ' wr ! w" 6 , 1 r. : u w b � w a a a ; ..' r t w » � r. Appendix D Community Noise Fundamentals BACKGROUND CONTENTS Three aspects of community noise are important in D-3 Background determining subjective response: D-3 Frequency Weighing ExposureD-4 Noise ■ Level (i.e., magnitude or loudness) of the sound; D-5 Subjective Response to Noise ■ The frequency composition or spectrum of the sound; D-6 Noise Monitoring Summary and D-1 0 Principle Noise Sources In Cupertino ■ The variation in sound level with time. D-15 Future Noise Contours Airborne sound is a rapid fluctuation of air pressure and local air velocity. Sound levels are measured and expressed in decibels (dB) with 0 dB roughly equal to the threshold of hearing. The frequency of a sound is a measure of the pressure fluctuations per second measured in units of hertz (Hz). Most sounds do not consist of a single frequency, but are comprised of a broad band of frequencies differing in level. The characterization of sound level magnitude with respect to frequency is the sound spectrum. A sound spectrum is often described in octave bands that divide the audible human frequency range (i.e., from 20 to 20,000 Hz) into ten segments. FREQUENCY WEIGHTING Many rating methods exist to analyze sound of different spectra. The simplest method is generally used so that measurements may be made and noise impacts readily assessed using basic acoustical instrumentation. This method evaluates all frequencies by using a single weighting filter that progressively de-emphasizes frequency components below 1000 Hz and above 5000 Hz. This frequency weighting reflects the relative decreased human sensitivity to low frequencies and to extreme high frequencies. This weighting is called A-weighting and is D-3 COMMUNITY VISION 2040 City of Cupertino applied by an electrical filter in all U.S. and international standard sound level meters. NOISE EXPOSURE Noise exposure is a measure of noise over a period of time, whereas noise level is a single value at an instant in time. Although a single sound level may adequately describe community noise at any instant in time, community noise levels vary continuously. Most community noise is produced by many distant noise sources that produce a relatively steady background noise having no identifiable source. These distant sources change gradually throughout the day and include traffic, wind in trees, and distant industrial activities. Superimposed on this slowly varying background is a succession of identifiable noise events of brief duration. These include nearby activities such as single vehicle passbys or aircraft flyovers, which cause the community noise level to vary from instant to instant. A single number called the equivalent sound level or Leg is used to describe noise varying over a period of time. The Leg is the average noise exposure level over a period of time (i.e., the total sound energy divided by the duration). It is the constant sound level, which would contain the same acoustic energy as the varying sound level, during the same time period. The Leg is useful in describing noise over a period of time with a single numerical value. In determining the daily measure of community noise, it is important to account for the difference in human response to daytime and nighttime noise. During the nighttime, exterior background noise levels are generally lower than in the daytime. Most household noise also decreases at night, and exterior noise intrusions become more noticeable. People are more sensitive to noise at night than during other periods of the day. D 4 Appendix D Community Noise Fundamentals To account for human sensitivity to nighttime noise, the Community Noise Equivalent Level (CNEL) is the adopted standard in California. CNEL values are typically computed by energy summation of hourly noise level values, with the proper adjustment applied for the period of evening or night. The CNEL is computed by assessing a 5-dB penalty for evening (i.e., 7:00 pm to 10:00 pm) noise and a 10-dB penalty for nighttime (i.e., 10:00 pm to 7:00 am) noise. Noise exposure measures such as Leq and CNEL are A-weighted, with units expressed in decibels (i.e., dB). SUBJECTIVE RESPONSE TO NOISE The effects of noise on people can be classified into three general categories: 1. Subjective effects of annoyance, nuisance, dissatisfaction. 2. Interference with activities such as speech, sleep, and learning. 3. Physiological effects such as anxiety or hearing loss. The sound levels associated with community noise usually produce effects only in the first two categories. No universal measure for the subjective effects of noise has been developed, nor does a measure exist for the corresponding human reactions from noise annoyance. This is primarily due to the wide variation in individual attitude regarding the noise source(s). An important factor in assessing a person's subjective reaction is to compare the new noise environment to the existing noise environment. In general, the more a new noise exceeds the existing, the less acceptable it is. Therefore, a new noise source will be judged more annoying in a quiet area than it would be in a noisier location. D-5 COMMUNITY VISION 2040 City of Cupertino Knowledge of the following relationships is helpful in understanding how changes in noise and noise exposure are perceived. ■ Except under special conditions, a change in sound level of 1 dB cannot be perceived. ■ Outside of the laboratory, a 3-dB change is considered a just-noticeable difference. ■ A change in level of at least 5 dB is required before any noticeable change in community response would be expected. ■ A 10-dB change is subjectively heard as an approximate doubling in loudness and almost always causes an adverse community response. NOISE MEASUREMENTS Existing ambient noise levels were measured at 15 sites around Cupertino to document representative noise levels at a variety of locations. These locations are shown on Figure D-1. Short-term noise level measurements were taken at 13 locations for a minimum period of 15 minutes during the daytime on Tuesday, April 22 and Wednesday, April 23, 2014, between the hours of 8:00 a.m. and 7:00 p.m. Short-term noise measurements serve as a snapshot of noise levels at a particular time and location, offering a sense of how other, similar locations might experience noise during comparable times of day. Long-term noise level measurements were taken at two locations for a period of 24 hours between April 22 and 23, 2014. Long-term noise level measurements serve to provide a broader picture of how noise levels vary over the course of a full day, helping to put the short-term measurements in a broader temporal context. Both long- and short-term D-6 Appendix D Community Noise Fundamentals measurements serve to indicate where excessive noise may be an existing or future issue for existing or new land uses. As shown in Table D-1, noise levels at the short-term measurement locations ranged from a minimum of 58.4 dBA Leq at Location 4 to a maximum of 71.4 dBA Leq at Location 3, with an average Leq of 66.2 dBA, and the majority locations falling between 65 and 70 dBA Leq. Noise levels tended to be higher adjacent to major roadways and freeway, where high volumes of traffic were the dominant source of noise. Noise levels were measured using a Larson-Davis Model 820 sound level meter, which satisfies the American National Standards Institute for Type 1 general environmental noise measurement instrumentation. The sound level meter and microphone were mounted on a tripod 5 feet above the ground and equipped with a windscreen during all short-term measurements. For long- term measurements, the microphone and windscreen were attached to available objects, at a height between four and six feet, as dictated by conditions in the field. The sound level meters were programmed to record noise levels with the "slow" time constant and using the "A" weighting filter network. Meteorological conditions during the measurement periods were favorable and were noted to be representative of typical conditions for the season. Generally, conditions included clear to partly cloudy skies, daytime temperatures of approximately 57 to 78 degrees Fahrenheit, and less than 5 to 10 mile-per-hour winds, with occasional higher gusts noted at certain sites. The short- and longterm noise measurement locations are described below. Table D-1 summarizes the results of both the short- and long-term noise monitoring. D-7 COMMUNITY VISION 2040 City of Cupertino NOISETABLE D-1 • • ' SUMMARY .' N ise Level ST-1 15 minutes 68.9 dBA Leq ST-2 15 minutes 68.8 dBA Leq ST-3 15 minutes 71.4 dBA Leq ST-4 15 minutes 58.4 dBA Leq ST-5 15 minutes 67.4 dBA Leq ST-6 15 minutes 61.6 dBA Leq ST-7 15 minutes 67.9 dBA Leq ST-8 15 minutes 68.0 dBA Leq ST-9 15 minutes 67.6 dBA Leq ST-10 15 minutes 58.5 dBA Leq ST-11 15 minutes 70.9 dBA Leq ST-12 15 minutes 64.2 dBA Leq ST-13 15 minutes 67.3 dBA Leq LT-1 24 hours 69.1 dBA Ldn LT-2 24 hours 72.3 dBA Ldn Notes:Noise measurement s results printouts included in Appendix E, Noise Data, of this Draft EIR Noise Measurements taken by Place Works on April 22 and 23,2014. D-8 Appendix D Community Noise Fundamentals Figure D-1 Noise Monitoring Locations City of cy U y of Sunnyvale Los Altos LL 'p0 HOMESTEAD RD S-5Frwcc �-2 3 Park o ST-6 ST-9 City of Son,ersel o Santa Clara Square pR�NERIDGE AVE s Park ? w u o J S o Vahan gjemonal z n Portal Park ST-4' Part = ST-8 0,n,Park z .Santa -�-1 SSTTEVENS CREEK BLVD LT2 �I� f�,ST-7 iLT-1 9s' m aza �Y �Y Clara Monts Vista � County Recq Bladdeny o Win P Center/Park. Faun Park Library '¢ Party m ST-11 F�etd ' Creaksbe .g McCtetlan MCCLELLAN RD < ark ST-10ng Barnhart Preserve � � Park 85 Deep CIO. ST-13 3 dlymM � Goff Course pad; BOLLINGER RD Ueda S ✓i0a Park z o ST-12 G City of San lose Three Q Oaks RAINBOW DR pad, z 5 ST-3 m Hwvar Santa Clara park County PROSPECT RD Long-term Noise Monitoring Location { Short-term Noise Monitoring Location O o ois os i Parks City Boundary Miles D-9 COMMUNITY VISION 2040 City of Cupertino The sound level meters were programmed to record noise levels with the "slow" time constant and using the "A" weighting filter network. Meteorological conditions during the measurement periods were favorable and were noted to be representative of typical conditions for the season. Generally, conditions included clear to partly cloudy skies, daytime temperatures of approximately 57 to 78 degrees Fahrenheit, and less than 5 to 10 mile-per-hour winds, with occasional higher gusts noted at certain sites. The short- and longterm noise measurement locations are described below. PRINCIPAL NOISE SOURCES IN CUPERTINO On-Road Vehicles Freeways that traverse Cupertino include 1-280, which runs along and near the City's northern boundary, and SR 85, which roughly bisects the geographic area of Cupertino, running from northwest to southeast. In addition to these highways, major roadways running north to south through or adjacent to Cupertino include Foothill Boulevard, Bubb Road, Stelling Road, De Anza Boulevard, Blaney Avenue, Wolfe Road/Miller Avenue, and the Lawrence Expressway, just beyond the eastern edge of the City. Major east-west roadways include Stevens Creek Boulevard, McClellan Road, Bollinger Road, Rainbow Drive, and lastly, Homestead Road and Prospect Road, which run along the northern and southern boundaries of the city, respectively. Together, these highways and streets comprise the major roads in the City of Cupertino. D- 10 Appendix D Community Noise Fundamentals Train Noise Cupertino does not host any passenger rail lines and has only one, seldom-used freight railway. This freight right- of-way is a Union Pacific rail line, which now exclusively serves the Hanson Permanente quarry and cement plant. As described in the General Plan for the City of Cupertino, this railway presently operates at very low frequencies, with approximately three train trips in each direction per week, usually during the daytime or early evening. Therefore, this railway contributes only very minimally to the noise environment of Cupertino. Heliports There are no heliports located within the City of Cupertino listed by the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA). The nearest heliport is located approximately 3.4 miles to the east of Cupertino at the County Medical Center in San Jose. Another nearby heliport is located at McCandless Towers in Sunnyvale, 3.6 miles to the northeast of Cupertino. There are no additional heliports within five miles of Cupertino. Aircraft Noise There are no public or private airports or airstrips in Cupertino. At the nearest points within city boundaries, Cupertino is located approximately 4.0 miles to the southwest of the San Jose International Airport. The Santa Clara County Airport Land Use Commission (ALUC) has adopted a Comprehensive Land Use Plan (CLUP) for areas surrounding San Jose International Airport. The city is not located within any protected airspace zones defined by the ALUC. Cupertino is located approximately 4.4 miles to the south of Moffett Federal Airfield, 8.4 miles to the southeast of the Palo Alto Airport, 24 miles to the southeast of San Francisco International Airport, D-11 COMMUNITY VISION 2040 City of Cupertino and 27 miles to the southeast of Oakland International Airport.5Additional small airports in the vicinity include the San Carlos Airport, 17 miles to the northwest, Hayward Executive Airport, 23 miles to the north-northwest, and the Half Moon Bay airport, 26 miles to the northwest. Although Cupertino does receive some noise from aircraft using these facilities, the Cupertino City Boundary does not fall within the airport land use planning areas/airport influence areas, runway protection zones, or the identified noise contours of any airport. Stationary Source Noise Stationary sources of noise may occur from all types of land uses. Cupertino is mostly developed with residential, commercial, mixed-use, institutional, and some light industrial/research and development uses. Commercial uses can generate noise from HVAC systems, loading docks, trash compactors, and other sources. Industrial uses may generate noise from HVAC systems, loading docks, and machinery required for manufacturing or other industrial processes. Noise generated by commercial uses is generally short and intermittent. Industrial uses may generate noise on a more continual basis, or intermittently, depending on the processes and types of machinery involved. In addition to on-site mechanical equipment, which generates stationary noise, warehousing and industrial land uses generate substantial truck traffic that results in additional sources of noise on local roadways in the vicinity of industrial operations. For Cupertino, the city's limited industrial areas are primarily located in four areas of the city, the Monta Vista Special Center, the Bubb Road Special Center, the North De Anza Special Center, and the North Vallco Park Special Center (as referenced in the existing General Plan). These industrial areas are characterized by a mix D-12 Appendix D Community Noise Fundamentals of light industrial, office, and research and development uses; with the exception of the Monta Vista Special Center and the North De Anza Special Center, these areas are usually separated from sensitive uses, such as residences, by either major roads or some degree of buffering. These uses have the potential to generate noise impacts upon nearby sensitive receptors located at the edges of these areas. Such impacts would vary depending on the specific uses, with truck deliveries, HVAC, and other mechanical equipment being the primary sources of noise. The separation of residences by streets or other buffering serves to decrease the noise perceived by these receptors and, in the case of major roads, the noise from the roads was generally observed to exceed that from the industrial uses. Residential neighborhoods in Cupertino with a notable potential to receive substantial industrial noise include portions of the Monta Vista Village Neighborhood (primarily in the vicinity of the area surrounding Bubb Road between Stevens Creek Boulevard and McClellan Road), as well as residential areas bordering the North De Anza Special Center. It should be noted, however, that although these areas allow for light industrial uses, offices and research and development comprise the majority of existing land uses in these areas. Hanson Permanente Quarry The Hanson Permanente Quarry and cement plant are located to the west of Cupertino, outside of the city boundary. The quarry and cement plant are owned and operated by Lehigh Hanson and are under the jurisdiction of the County of Santa Clara. The nearest sensitive receptors to the quarry and cement plant (within the city boundary) are residences located one-third mile to the east of the closest portion of quarry and plant operations; however, the bulk of quarry/plant equipment and structures are located approximately two-thirds mile from the nearest D 13 COMMUNITY VISION 2040 City of Cupertino residence. Given this distance and the presence of intervening hills that rise 100-200 feet above the elevation of the nearest residences, even the nearest residences would not be anticipated to experience excessive noise from quarry and plant operations. Construction Noise Construction activity also contributes to the noise environment of Cupertino; however, such activities are typically temporary, occurring in any one location for only a limited period of time. Larger or multi-phase construction projects may contribute to the noise environment of a particular location for a more extended period of time. Public infrastructure that requires ongoing maintenance may also result in ongoing noise impacts, though usually not at a constant location. For example, different sections of road may be repaved at different times, meaning that noise impacts from associated construction activities would, at any given time, only occur along and near the section of roadway undergoing such maintenance. Public Facility Noise Outdoor activities that occur on school campuses and in parks throughout the city generate noticeable levels of noise. Noise generated on both the weekdays (from physical education classes and sports programs) and weekends (from use of the fields and stadiums) can elevate community noise levels. D-14 Appendix D Community Noise Fundamentals FUTURE NOISE CONTOURS Ensuring that future land use and infrastructure decisions consider the potential adverse impacts of noise is a key concern for the City of Cupertino. Figure D-2 identifies future noise contours within the city, and in combination with the policies included in the Health and Safety Element,will be used to help reduce future noise impacts. D- 15 COMMUNITY VISION 2040 City of Cupertino Figure D-2 Future Noise Contours Placeholder Map currently being prepared D-16 S(INVZVH :)IWS13S (INV DID01039 3 xipueddy i , �, T ,3 M TM k yfl s 1 •.Jit c ' wa an v' a ty ea . ri 11, -L .' } k,, �wa: rwM e-I . t + Aa 7 1 f • a< K M Appendix E Geologic and Seismic Hazards The following definitions provide a more comprehensive CONTENTS discussion of the hazards that are described in the main • _ body of the text of Chapter 7: Health and Safety Element. E-4 Ground Shaking E-6 Seismic Ground Deformation FAULT RUPTURE • InducesE-7 Seismically Surface fault rupture is the breaking of the ground along Landslide a fault trace usually during a large magnitude earthquake. E-8 Landslide Hazard Although the risk of damage associated with surface fault rupture is high, it can be avoided by not placing structures across active fault traces. Thus, an important element in community planning involves knowing the locations of active fault traces. The State of California has produced maps depicting the general locations of known active fault traces. These maps, referred to in the past as the Alquist- Priolo Special Studies Zones Maps and more recently as Earthquake Fault Maps, provide a location information about the most widely known active faults. Such as the San Andreas fault. However, the scale and resolution of these maps are not sufficient to accurately identify the location of faults with respect to individual properties and building sites. In addition, other significant local faults, such as the Monta Vista-Shannon and Sargent-Berrocal faults, are not covered by the State maps. The City has updated its Geology Map and Geologic Hazards Map to reflect the most recent data concerning local fault trace alignments. Within the City Fault Rupture "Zone F", as illustrated on Figure HS-5: Geologic and Seismic Hazards, property own- ers must retain professional geologic consultants to deter- mine whether or not specific fault traces impact proposed building sites for habitable or critical structures. E-3 COMMUNITY VISION 2040 City of Cupertino GROUND SHAKING Buildings and other structures located in seismically active regions such as the San Francisco Bay area are exposed to the hazard of severe ground shaking during earthquakes. Ground shaking is the vibration caused by rupture of a fault segment during an earthquake, and it can be felt over a wide area when the magnitude of the earthquake is very strong. The shaking intensity also is stronger in the area close to the earthquake epicenter and weaker in areas further away from the earthquake. In addition, the level of ground shaking is influenced by underlying rock for- mations, soil conditions and the depth to groundwater. A widely used shaking intensity scale is the Modified Mercalli Intensity Scale (Table E-1), which describes the amount of damage occurring at any geographical location in response to seismic shaking. The intensity of an earthquake ground shaking is related to the size or magnitude of the earthquake. Each magni- tude represents 10 times the amount of ground motion and approximately 31 times the amount of energy as the next lower numeral. Thus, an earthquake of magnitude 8 releases about 1,000 times more energy (31 'x 31) than a magnitude 6 earthquake. A large-magnitude earthquake on nearby faults could cause considerable local damage, , depending on the distance from the epicentericenter and char- acteristics of the 9n round. Igeneral, structures on less well-consolidated bedrock and soil will experience greater shaking intensities than structures situated on hard rock. E-4 Appendix E Geologic and Seismic Hazards TABLE E-1: GENERAL COMPARISON BETWEEN EARTHQUAKE AND THE EARTHQUAKE EFFECTS DUE TO GROUND RichterEarthquake .. -. Mercalli Intensity Scale D. Category - - Minor 2.00 1 Detected only by sensitive instru- No Damage ments II Felt by few persons at rest, esp. on upper floors; delicate suspended III Felt noticeably indoors, but not 3.00 always recognized as an earthquake; standing cars rock slightly, vibration like passing trucks IV Felt indoors by many, outdoors by a few; at night some awaken; dishes, windows, doors disturbed; V Felt by most people; some breakage 4.00 of dishes, windows and plaster; dis- Architectural Damage turbance to tall objects VI Felt by all; many are frightened and run outdoors; Falling plaster and chimneys; damage small 5.00 VII Everybody runs outdoors. Damage 5.3 to buildings varies depending on quality of construction; noticed by driver of cars Moderate 6.00 VIII Chimneys fall; sand and mud ejected; Structural Damage drivers of cars disturbed X Building shifted off foundations, cracked, thrown out 6.9 plumb; ground cracked, underground pipes broken; serious damage to reservoirs/embankments X Most masonry and frame structures Major 7.00 destroyed; ground cracked; rails bent slightly; landslides XI Few structures remain standing; 7.7 bridges destroyed; fissures in ground; pipes broken; land slides; rails bent XII Damage total; waves seen on Great 8.00 ground surface; lines of sight and level Total Destruction distorted; objects thrown into the air; large rock masses displaced *Subjective measure of ground shaking;not engineering measure of ground acceleration E 5 COMMUNITY VISION 2040 City of Cupertino The 1997 Uniform Building Code (UBC) incorporates new seismic design parameters that take into account various types of faults, soil profile types and near-source accel- eration factors. The majority of the City located west of Highway 85 is located within 2 kilometers of known seismic sources (per California Division of Mines and Geology Near-Source Zones Map E-19). Proposed new development located within two kilometers of a known seismic source receives the most stringent near-source design factor, which is required for use with 1997 UBC structural design calculations. Figure E-1 generally depicts the location of the various faults and hazard zones within the Cupertino planning area. SEISMIC GROUND DEFORMATION Ground located in relatively close proximity to active fault traces may experience some level of ground deformation beyond the primary surface fault rupture zones. The distri- bution of this anticipated deformation is illustrated by the updated City Geologic Hazard Map — "Zone D". Ground deformation away from the primary rupture zones may include broad bowing or warping of the surface, ground cracking and secondary ground fissuring. The general mag- nitudes of such deformation could be up to several inches, whereas ground impacted by primary surface fault rupture could experience offsets of several feet. Adjacent to local thrust faults (Berrocal and Monta Vista faults), relatively broad zones of ground deformation should be anticipated immediately west of the mapped fault trace alignments. These zones of deformation are anticipated to result from seismic displacement at depth along inclined fault planes descending to the west. The potential for such ground deformation should be considered during design of new structures near active fault traces. E-b Appendix E Geologic and Seismic Hazards LIQUEFACTION Soil liquefaction is the phenomenon in which certain water-saturated soils lose their strength and flow as a fluid when subjected to intense shaking. With loss of soil strength, lateral spreading or sliding of soil toward a stream embankment can occur. Liquefaction can also result in the formation of sand boils, which represent conduits of pressure release from within the liquefied layer (at depth) to the ground surface. Liquefaction can also lead to local settlement of the ground surface and a reduction of bear- ing support for building foundations. The potential exists for tilting or collapse of structures due to liquefaction of underlying earth materials. Currently identified lands subject to a moderate or higher level of risk for liquefaction are essentially coincident with areas of potential flood inundation adjacent to local creek channels. Relatively deep, unconsolidated granular soil materials potentially prone to liquefaction may occur in these areas. The combined liquefaction and flood inun- dation hazard is depicted by Hazard "Zone I" on the City Geotechnical Hazards Map. SEISMICALLY INDUCED LANDSLIDING Reactivation of existing landslides or generation of new slope failures (as discussed in the following section on landslides) may be initiated under intense seismic ground shaking conditions. As a result of the 1989 Loma Prieta earthquake, many large pre-existing landslides demon- strated lurching or other signs of movement and partial reactivation within the local Santa Cruz Mountains to the southwest of the City. Intense seismic ground shaking from a nearby earthquake could trigger new slope failures or E-7 COMMUNITY VISION 2040 City of Cupertino movement of pre-existing landslides. Steep to precipitous banks adjacent to the flood plane of Stevens Creek may be particularly susceptible to seismically induced land sliding. These areas, and other mapped landslides within the City, are included within "Zone L" on the City Geotechnical Hazard Map. LANDSLIDE HAZARDS Landslides present the greatest geologic hazards to the foothills and low mountains in the planning area. The slid- ing of a slope is the normal geologic process that widens valleys and flattens slopes. The rate ranges from rapid rock fails to very slow soil and bedrock creep. Landslides are caused by inter-related natural factors, such as weak soil and rock over hillsides made steeper by rapid stream erosion, adverse geologic structure, groundwater levels and high rainfall rates. Landslides can be caused by improper grading, excessive irrigation, removal of natural vegetation and altering surface and subsurface drainage. Figure E-1 on page 5 shows mapped landslide deposits within Cupertino. Geologic mapping in the hillsides shows that landslide deposits cover as much as 20 to 30 percent of the hillsides in the planning area. Landslides range from small, shallow deposits made up of soil and weak bedrock materials to large, deep landslides involving a large amount of bedrock. Extensive geologic characterization and engineering anal- yses are necessary to determine the long-term stability of a landslide deposit. Old deposits are the most difficult to judge. Experience shows that old landslide deposits are far more likely to move again than areas that have not had landslides before. E-8 Appendix E Geologic and Seismic Hazards Areas in these old landslides that are next to steep, new stream channels are more likely to have new landslides than areas further from the new channels. This would be espe- cially true with severe shaking during a major earthquake on any of the three faults in Cupertino. The historic account of the 1906 earthquake shows many landslides occurred throughout the Santa Cruz Mountains. Some of these were catastrophic, causing loss of life, personal injury and severe damage to buildings. Landslides are expected along the high, steep embank- ments that bound the Stevens Creek flood plane, confined to local sites along the stream channel alignment extending from the front the hillsides across the valley floor. This hazard can be reduced significantly by restrictive building at the base and top of the embankments. E-9 COMMUNITY VISION 2040 City of Cupertino Figure E-1 Cupertino Geology Qal Lm Al., Sunnr.wlc HOIAfSTFAD ROAD QTsc \ f ) s '1 p g Qal KJr g / �1STMMS CREEK BLVD Qal I r� 0�f 1 C. '.. QTsc g BOLLIMGER .RD - Tu , V- -� s_i­ o - QTsc it Mr �.�/r PROSPEO ��_ •J-.(-� ROAD M caw Q al ,I LEGEND Ov ` QTsc ^P Qal -Valley Floor Alluvium a _ Tvq QTsc -Santa Clara Formation KhTus,Tm,vq -Tertiary Sedimentary Rocks Tvq Mr-Franciscan Assemblage Landslides(Schematic) .nwa.,r Fault Urban Service Area Boundary Sphere of Influence Boundary Agreement Line 0 OS 1 Mile lam_ 0 1000 3000 Feet lot, 0 500 1000 Meters E- 10 4y s ■ � ' a� �,j� �' f. fir. k jf t A- ♦ ,. ! 1 At. r ko ki Al yes♦ w 'F , 1 A 1 f _ y. ate*.. R. •" I. a d Appendix F Slope Density STATEMENT OF PURPOSE CONTENTS This appendix has been prepared with the intent of F-3 Statement of Purpose acquainting the general reader with the slope-density F-4 Discussion of"Slope" approach the City uses for determining the intensity ofDescription Density residential development. The slope-density approachConduct was incorporated in the hillside plan in order to develop Density Analysis an equitable means of assigning dwelling unit credit to property owners. In addition to offering the advantage of equal treatment for property owners, the slope-density formula can also be designed to reflect property owners, the slope-density formula can also be designed to reflect judgments regarding aesthetics and other factors into a mathematical model which determines the number of units per acre on a given piece of property based upon the average steepness of the land. Generally speaking, the steeper the average slope of the property, the fewer the number of units which will be permitted. Although the slope-density formula can be used as an effective means to control development intensity, the formula itself cannot determine the ideal development pattern. The formula determines only the total number of dwelling units, allowable on the property, based upon the average slope; it does not determine the optimum location of those units on the property. Exogenous factors not regulated by the slope-density formula such as grading, tree removal, or other environmental factors would be regulated by other means. The slope-density formulas do not represent by themselves a complete safeguard against development detrimental to the environment; but, together with other conservation measures, they are considered a valuable planning device. F-3 COMMUNITY VISION 2040 City of Cupertino DISCUSSION OF "SLOPE" Steepness of terrain can be defined in several ways: (1) as the relationship between the sides of the triangle representing a vertical section of a hill, or (2) as the angle between the terrain and the horizontal plain. Unfortunately, the definitions of the terms "slope," "grade," "gradient," "batter," and of the expression "the slope is 1 to..." are not well known or uniformly applied, causing confusion. For purposes of this discussion, the concept of steepness of terrain will be defined and discussed as a "percentage of slope." "Percent of slope" is defined as a measurement of steepness of slope which is the ratio between vertical and horizontal distances expressed in percent. As illustrated in Figures F-1, 50 percent slope is one which rises vertically 5 feet in a 10 foot horizontal distance. Figure F-1 e Example of 50% Average Slope P g P i 50% Average Slope 51-0011 i. i if i 10'-00" Appendix F Slope Density One of the most common confusions of terminology relative to terrain steepness is the synonymous usage of "percent of grade" and "degree of grade." However, as Figure F-2 indicates, as percent of grade increases, land becomes steeper at a decreasing rate. The present slope-density formulas specified by the City of Cupertino require more land for development as the rate of percent of grade increases. As a result, the relationship between percent of grade and degree of grade is inverse rather than corresponding. To more accurately assess the impact of steepness of terrain on the feasibility of residential development, it might be helpful to examine some of phenomena commonly associated with increasing percentages of slope steepness. DESCRIPTION OF SLOPE-DENSITY The "Foothill Modified" Slope Density The "Foothill Modified" slope density is designed for application to those properties in the "Fringe" of the Hillside study area with average slopes less than 10 percent. The formula assumes availability of municipal services. Beginning at credit of 3.5 dwelling units/acre, the formula follows a cosine curve of decreasing density credit with increase of slope, achieving a constant above 43 percent average slope. F 5 COMMUNITY VISION 2040 City of Cupertino Figure F-2 Degree of Grade 56.5 150 54.5 140 52.5 130 Degree of Change 50.5 120 for 10% 48 110 Grade Increase 45 100 2'i2 z z z 42 90 - 0 39 0 80 35 a 70 TLS V 31 60 —CL 333 27 50 44 22 40 4 s 17 30 s 15 20 5'�2 6 10 s'/2 6 0 0 — F F 6 Appendix F Slope Density TABLE F-1 SLOPE ' ' ' SlopePercent of Description of Slope Problems 0-5% Relatively level land. Little or no development problems due to steepness of slope. Minimum slope problems increasing to significant slope problems at 15%. 15% is the maximum grade often considered desirable on subdivision streets. Above 15%, roads 5-15% must run diagonally to, rather than at right angles to contours increasing the amount of cut and fill. For example,the lower segment of San Juan Road in the Cupertino foothills averages 20% in grade. Slope becomes a very significant factor in development at this steepness. Development 15-30% of level building sites requires extensive cut and fill in this slope category and the design of individual houses to fit terrain becomes important. Slope is extremely critical in this range. Allowable steepness of cut and rill slopes approach or coincide with natural slopes resulting in very large cuts and fills under con- 30-50% ventional development. In some cases, fill will not hold on these slopes unless special retaining devices are used. Because of the grading problems associated with this cate- gory, individual homes should be placed on natural building sites where they occur, or buildings should be designed to fit the particular site. 50%+ Almost any development can result in extreme disturbances in this slope category. Except in the most stable native material special retaining devices may be needed. The "Foothill Modified 1/2 Acre" slope density This slope density is applied in the Urban Service Area to those properties where a full range of municipal utility services; are available. The formula begins at density of 1/2 acre per dwelling unit which holds constant at 22 percent average slope. From 22 percent to 43 percent average slope, the formula follows a cosine curve of decreasing density credit with increasing slope. The density credit above 43 percent average slope remains constant at 0.20 dwelling units/acre. The "5-20" slope density This slope density is applied to properties that lie west of the urban/suburban fringe. F-7 COMMUNITY VISION 2040 City of Cupertino HOW TO CONDUCT A SLOPE-DENSITY ANALYSIS (MAP WHEEL METHOD) The computation of density using a slope-density formula is relatively simple once the basic concepts are understood. The section of Appendix A (Land Use Designations) describes the basic concepts in order to enable individuals to determine density. The City Planning staff will provide technical assistance; however, it is the responsibility of the owner or potential developer to provide accurate map materials used in the slope-density investigation for a specific property. The City has map material which is accurate enough to provide an approximate slope-density evaluation. Accurate information needed to evaluate a specific development proposal must be provided by the owner or developer. Step 1: Selection of Map Material To begin any slope-density investigation, it is important to select the proper mapping material. Maps on which measurements are made must be no small in scale than 1"=200' (1:2400). All maps must be of the topographical type with contour intervals not less than 10 feet. If the map wheel method is used for measuring contours, or if a polar planimeter is used for measurement of an area, maps on which such measurements are made must not be smaller in scale than 1"=50' (1:600); these maps may be enlarged from maps in a scale not less than 1"=200'. Enlargement of maps in smaller scale than 1"=200', or interpolation of contours is not permitted. F-8 Appendix F Slope Density Figure F-2 Site Analysis Composite Grid "Cell" Property Line Standard Grid "Cell" County Grid Line o � 7 40 + 2 6 Ro .4 �o i County ao , Grid Line R Intersectic At Q„ Stop 2: Layout of Standard Grid y The property for which area and slope are to be measured is divided into a network of "cells" constructed from a grid system spaced at 200 ft. intervals. In order to ensure a common reference point and to prevent the practice of "gerrymandering' the grid system to distort the average slope of the property, the grid system must be oriented parallel to the grid system utilized by Santa Clara County's 1"=500' scale map series. Figure F-2 illustrates a hypothetical property divided into cells by a 200 ft. grid network. It is perhaps easiest F-9 COMMUNITY VISION 2040 City of Cupertino to construct the 200' x 200' cells by beginning at an intersection point of perpendicular County grid lines ("Q" in Figure F-2) and then measuring 200 ft. intervals along the two County grid lines until the entire property is covered with a network. After the grid lines have been laid out, it is helpful to number each 200 ft. square cell or part thereof. Whenever the grid lines divide the property into parts less than approximately 20,000 sq. ft., such areas shall be combined with each other or with other areas so that a number of parts are formed with the areas approximately between 20,000 and 60,000 sq. ft. Cells formed by combining several subareas should be given a single number and should be shown on the map with 'hooks' to indicate grouping (see Area 2 on Figure F-2). At this point, the investigator should obtain a copy of the "Slope-Density Grid Method Worksheet," Figure F-3 of this document. Under Column A (land unit), each line should be numbered down the page to correspond with the total number of cells on the property. Step 3: Measurement of Area and Contour Length With the map material property prepared in Steps One and Two, we can now begin the actual mechanics of the slope-density analysis. The first task is to ascertain the acreage of the subject property. This acreage figure is obtained by measuring the area of each numbered cell divided by the 200 ft. grid, and then summing the results of the individual measurements. Since the standard grid cell measures 200' x 200,' it is only necessary to measure the area of any non-standard size cell. Referring once again to the worksheet, as each cell is calculated for area, the results F- 10 Appendix F Slope Density should be entered in Column B ( and Column C optional). Irregularly shaped cells may be measured for area quickly and accurately by means of a polar planimeter. This device is an analog instrument which traces the perimeter of an area to be measured and gives the size in actual square inches. This measurement is then multiplied by the square of the scale of the map being used. For example, 1" - 200', the square of 200 ft. means 1" equals 40,000 sq. ft. The total square footage of each cell can then be converted to acreage by dividing by 43,560 sq. ft. More detailed instruction in the use of the planimeter may be obtained from the City Planning Department. Areas of irregular shape can also be measured by dividing each part into triangles, for which areas are determined by the formula A- base x height + 2, if a planimeter is not available. Having now determined the area of each cell, one must now proceed to measure the contour lengths of the property. Contour length and interval are both vital factors in calculating the average slope of the land. Each contour of a specified interval is measured separately within each standard cell or other numbered zone for which the area has been calculated. The map wheel is set at "zero" and is then run along the entire length of a contour within the boundary of the cell, lifted and placed on the next contour(without reseting the wheel to zero) and so forth until the total length of contours of the specified interval within the individual cell is determined. The map wheel will display a figure in linear inches traveled. This figure shown on the dial should then be multiplied by the map scale. (Example: map wheel reads— 14-1/2 inches, map scale is 1" - 50'. Contour length - 14.5 x 50 - 750'). The results should then be entered on the proper line of Column D (Figure F-3). F- i1 COMMUNITY VISION 2040 City of Cupertino Step 4: Calculation of Average Slope Knowing the total length of contours, the contour interval, and the area of each numbered cell, one may now calculate the average slope of the land. Either of the two formulas below may be used to calculate average slope: S= 0.0023 1 L A S = average slope of ground in percent I = contour interval in feet L = combined length in feet of all contours on parcel A = area of parcel in acres The value 0.0023 is 1 sq. ft. expressed as a percent of an acre: 1 sc. ft. = 0.0023 ac. 43,560 S=IxLx100 A S = average slope of ground in percent I = contour intervaling feet L = combined length in feet of all contours on parcel A = area of parcel and square feet The results should be entered on the appropriate line of Column E of the worksheet. F-12 Appendix F Slope Density Step 5: Determination of Dwelling Unit Credit With the average slope of the cell now determined, one can calculate the dwelling unit credit per cell by obtaining a factor from the appropriate slope-density table (see Tables F-2 through F-4) then multiplying that factor by the area of the cell in acres. The formula factor is found by first reading the table column "s" (slope) until reaching the figure corresponding to the average slope of the cell being studied; next, one reads horizontally to the "d" column (density dwelling unit/acre). This factor should be entered in Column F of the worksheet. The factor in Column F is now multiplied by the acreage in Column B and the result entered under the appropriate slope-density formula title (Column G, H, I or 1). Step 6: Summation of Results When all cells in the parcel have been analyzed in the manner previously described, the total for various components of the data may be derived and entered into the two bottom rows of the worksheet. Columns B, C (if used), and D should be summed at the bottom of the sheet. A mathematical average may be calculated for Column E. Columns G through J should be summed at the bottom of the page. The totals shown at the bottom of columns G through J represent the total number of dwelling units permitted on that property, based on the average slope. These totals should be carried out to a minimum of two decimal places. F- 13 COMMUNITY VISION 2040 City of Cupertino Figure F-3 Grid Method Worksheet Slope Density "Grid-Method"Work Sheet PROPERTY DESCRIPTION: EXAMPLE DWELLING UNIT CREDIT FROM SLOPE/DENSITY TABLES A B C D E F G H I 1 K LAND UNIT (acres) AREA (sq.(t.)CONTOUR Av.SLOPE FACTOR FOOTHILLMOD FOOTHILLMOD 1/2 ac. SEMI-RURAL COUNTY 1 Compos. 1.14 49600 750 15.3 0.545 0.621 2 Compos. 1.18 51300 680 13.3 0.572 0.675 3 std. 0.92 40000 320 8.0 0.625 0.575 4 Compos. 1.17 51000 490 9.6 0.606 0.709 5 0.86 37600 470 12.6 0.572 0.492 6 Compos. 0.92 40100 190 4.8 0.660 0.607 7 0.56 24300 210 8.6 0.616 0.345 TOTALS BY GRID 6.75 293366 3110 10.3 4.02 METHOD TOTAL BY SINGLE AREA F-14 Appendix F Slope Density "Rounding" of Dwelling Unit Credit Results The City Council, during its meeting of March 7, 1977, adopted the following policy regarding the rounding up of a numerical dwelling unit yield resulting from application of a slope-density formula: "The rounding up of the numerical yield resulting from application of a slope-density formula may be permitted in cases where the incremental increase in density from the actual yield to the rounded yield will not result in a 10% increase of the actual yield. In no case, shall an actual yield be rounded up to the net whole number unless the fractional number is .5 or greater." F-15 COMMUNITY VISION 2040 City of Cupertino Average lot Acres per D.U. • •- area sq.ft. 5 3.500 0.286 12,446 27 1.406 0.711 30,975 6 3.494 0.286 12,466 28 1.275 0.784 34,169 7 3.477 0.288 12,528 29 1.147 0.871 37,962 8 3.448 0.290 12,633 30 1.025 0.976 42,498 9 3.408 0.293 12,781 31 0.908 1.101 47,957 10 3.357 0.298 12,975 32 0.798 1.253 54,569 11 3.296 0.303 13,216 33 0.696 1.438 62,626 12 3.224 0.310 13,510 34 0.601 1.664 72,484 13 3.143 0.318 13,859 35 0.515 1.941 84,562 14 3.053 0.328 14,269 36 0.439 2.280 99,305 15 2.954 0.339 14,746 37 0.372 2.688 117,073 16 2.848 0.351 15,297 38 0.316 3.166 137,905 17 2.734 0.366 15,932 39 0.270 3.698 161,081 18 2.614 0.382 16,661 40 0.236 4.236 184,532 19 2.489 0.402 17,498 41 0.213 4.695 204,497 20 2.360 0.424 18,459 42 0.201 4.964 216,235 21 2.227 0.449 19,562 43 0.201 4.964 216,235 22 2.091 0.478 20,832 23 1.954 0.512 22,297 24 1.815 0.551 23,994 25 1.678 0.596 25,967 26 1.541 0.649 28,271 Notes: (a)d = 1.85 + 1.65 cos{(s-5)x 4.81 (b) 5<s<44 F- 16 Appendix F Slope Density I Figure F-4 Foothill Modified Foothill Modified 5 /4.96 4.5 4.24 4 3.5 rn 3 c_ a� 2.5 L m a (n 2 1.94 91 L Q 1.5 0.98 1 0.60 0.5 0.29 0.30 0.34 0.42 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 43 Slope (%) F 1 7 COMMUNITY VISION 2040 City of Cupertino TABLE F-3 SLOPE • ' FOOTHILL MODIFIED Density D.U. per ac. Acres per D.U. Average lot 22 2.091 0.478 20,832 23 1.954 0.512 22,297 24 1.815 0.551 23,994 25 1.678 0.596 25,967 26 1.541 0.649 28,271 27 1.406 0.711 30,975 28 1.275 0.784 34,169 29 1.147 0.871 37,962 30 1.025 0.976 42,498 31 0.908 1.101 47,957 32 0.798 1.253 54,569 33 0.696 1.438 62,626 34 0.601 1.664 72,484 35 0.515 1.941 84,562 36 0.439 2.280 99,305 37 0.372 2.688 117,073 38 0.316 3.166 137,905 39 0.270 3.698 161,081 40 0.236 4.236 184,532 41 0.213 4.695 204,497 42 0.201 4.964 216,235 43 0.201 4.964 216,235 Note: (a)d = 1.85 + 1.60'cos f(s-5)x 4.81 (b) 5<s<44 F 18 Appendix F Slope Density Figure F-5 Foothill Modified 1/2 Acre Foothill Modified - 1/2 Acre 5 4.96 4.5 K4.24 4 +� 3.5 C rn 3 c m 2.5 L 2 1.94 L Q 1.5 1 0.60 0.98 0.5 0.48 0 22 25 30 35 40 43 Slope (%) 1 F 9 COMMUNITY VISION 2040 City of Cupertino Average lot • 10 0.20 5.00 217,800 31 0.10 9.92 431,964 11 0.20 5.07 220,786 32 0.10 10.32 449,722 12 0.19 5.15 224,518 33 0.09 10.75 468,121 13 0.19 5.26 228,992 34 0.09 11.18 487,154 14 0.19 5.38 234,204 35 0.09 11.63 506,814 15 0.18 5.51 240,153 36 0.08 12.10 527,093 16 0.18 5.67 246,835 37 0.08 12.58 547,982 17 0.17 5.84 254,245 38 0.08 13.07 569,475 18 0.17 6.02 262,381 39 0.07 13.58 591,563 19 0.16 6.23 271,238 40 0.07 14.10 614,238 20 0.16 6.45 280,811 41 0.07 14.63 637,491 21 0.15 6.63 291,096 42 0.07 15.18 661,313 22 0.14 6.94 302,089 43 0.06 15.74 685,696 23 0.14 7.20 313,784 44 0.06 16.31 710,630 24 0.13 7.49 326,176 45 0.06 16.90 736,106 25 0.13 7.79 339,260 46 0.06 17.50 762,115 26 0.12 8.10 353,030 47 0.06 18.10 788,648 27 0.12 8.44 367,481 48 0.05 18.73 815,694 28 0.11 8.78 382,606 49 0.05 19.36 843,244 29 0.11 9.15 398,399 50 0.05 20.00 871,288 30 0.11 9.52 414,854 50> F- 20 Appendix F Slope Density 5—20 Acre Slope Density 20.00 20 18 16.90 16 14 E- z a) 0 12 L 11.63 m _Q m 10 L Q 9.52 8 6.45 7.79 6 5.00 5.00 5.51 4 22 25 30 35 40 43 Slope (%) F-21 II i EXHIBIT GPA-2 I\ R- - l- N-I I -� aw I «r o w Y Cihl of Cupertino rt'no !I e Lan d Use Map «. 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