101-Staff Report.pdf
COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT DEPARTMENT
CITY HALL
1010300 TORRE AVENUE •CUPERTINO, CA 95014-3255
TELEPHONE: (408) 777-3308 www.cupertino.org
CITY COUNCIL STAFF REPORT
Meeting: May 3, 2011
Subject
Green Building Ordinance, MCA-2010-04, andamendment to the City's Fee schedule
Recommended Action
1.Conduct first reading of Ordinance No. 11-2076amending Chapter 16.58 of the
Cupertino Municipal Code, Green Building Standards Code Adopted(Attachment A);
and
2.Adopt draftResolution11-amending the City’s adopted Fee Schedule to incorporate
Green Building deposit fees(Attachment B).
Description
Application: MCA-2010-04
Applicant: City of Cupertino
Location: Citywide
Application Summary: Municipal Code Amendment to adoptan ordinanceamending Chapter
16.58 of the Cupertino Municipal Code, Green Building Standards Code Adopted (See
Attachment A, Ordinance No. 11-2076) and adopt related fees and deposits (See Attachment B,
DraftResolution).
BACKGROUND
On February 1, 2011, the City Council reviewed the draft Green Building Ordinance and directed
staff to:
1.Revisethe draft ordinanceto be consistent with the Santa Clara County Cities
Associations’ Phase II Recommendations and the additional changes that Council
discussed; and
2.Provide acost analysis of representative projects, including asingle-family, multi-family
and office development, whichprovideestimates of the total cost of development,
including the additional cost to comply with the proposed Green Building Ordinance
requirements(Attachment D).
Public comments received duringand subsequent tothe public hearing included:
Clarify when and what part of a remodeling project is subject to theordinance
requirements; for renovations and additions, requirements should only apply to the scope
of the work.
The draftordinanceexceeds the Cal Green building code standards and can make the cost
of a development project infeasible.
Verification requirements could affect the tenancy of buildings if the requirement
thresholds are so low that it will affect whether tenant improvements and upgrading can
take place.
Certification costs add significantly to the development costs for commercial
developments, including the additional administration, architectural design and time costs
to construct a project.
Do not provide incentives that reduce parking requirements or increase floor area ratio
allowances.
Ordinance should not exceed the Cal Green building code standards, and should not
apply to tenant improvements.
Since the February 1, 2011 Council meeting, the City has becomeaware that some local cities,
including the Cities of Mountain View and Palo Alto, have recently merged their green building
ordinances with their locally adopted 2010 California Green Building Standards Code (Cal
Green). This was essentially done as a result of thenew Cal Green building codes thattook effect
on January 1 of this year. Merging these two codes essentially allowed them to integrate all of
the green building measures into one ordinanceand preventshaving to subsequently amend the
green building ordinance requirements every time the Cal Green building codes are amended.
Additionally,the changemoves the green building measures into the local building codes.
Merging of these two codes would basically entail amending Chapter 16.58 of the Cupertino
Municipal Code, and makinglocal amendments to the Cal Green building codesto reflect the
Green Building Ordinance requirements.
DISCUSSION
The combined draft ordinance (See Attachment A, Ordinance No. 11-2076)merges the Green
Building Ordinancethatthe Council had reviewed at its February 1, 2011 meeting into Chapter
16.58 of the Cupertino Municipal Code. A copy of the current Chapter 16.58 is included (See
Attachment C) with strikeouts showing the sections that have been deleted. However, the key
components of the draft Green Building Ordinance, including all changesrecommended by the
Council,have been incorporatedand are outlined below in this report.
Section 16.58.220 Table 101.10 (Requirements)
The following table illustrates the progression from and a comparison of the Phase II
Recommendations, the Planning Commission recommended draft Green Building Ordinance
requirements, and the Revised Draft Green Building requirements per the February 1, 2011 City
Council meeting. The revised changesreflect Council’sdirection to be consistent with the Phase
II Recommendations and to incorporate other items discussed by Council.
Type of Phase II Planning Commission Revised Draft Green Building
ProjectRecommendationsRecommended Draft Green Requirement per the 2/1/11
Building OrdinanceCity Council Discussion
Residential –Single-Family & Multi-
Single-Family (SF R) &
All Single-Family and Multi-
New Family < 9 homes:
Multi-Family (MFR) <
Family:
Construction
9 homes:
Minimum: GPR min. 50 pts or
(Single
Minimum: GPR min. 85 pts or
LEED Certified w/Third Party
Family &
GPR Rated (50 pts min.)
LEED Certified w/Formal
Certification
Multi-
or LEED Certified.
Verification.
Family)
Alternate Reference
Standard:Third Party
Certification
SF R & MFR
SF R & MFR
Minimum: GPR min. 50 pts or
GPR Rated (50 pts min.)
LEED Silver w/Third Party
or LEED Silver
Certification
(Option: GPR min. 75 pts
which is equivalent to LEED
Silver)
Alternate Reference
Standard: Third Party
Certification
Residential –Single-Family Single-Family (renovation):
SF R<$100K permit
Renovation/existing floor area:
valuation; or <500 sq.ft.
Exempt
Addition
addition; or FAR
Minimum: Cal Green
(Single-
increase <50%:
Mandatory (for new portions
Family &
only) w/Informal Verification.
Multi-
BIG Elements checklist
Family)
or LEED checklist
SF $100K-$200K permit
valuation;or 500-1,000
sq.ft.add’n:
BIG Elements 25-49 pts.
or LEED Certified
SF R $200K+ permit
valuation; or 1,000 sq.
ft.add’n; or FAR
increase of 50%:
GPR Rated (min. 50 pts.)
or LEED Certified
Type of Phase II Planning Commission Revised Draft Green Building
ProjectRecommendationsRecommended Draft Green Requirement per the 2/1/11
Building OrdinanceCity Council Discussion
Small Multiple-Family Multiple-Family (minor Multiple-Family (minor
Renovation (TBD):renovation):renovation):
GPR checklist or Minimum: Cal Green Exempt
Mandatory w/Informal
applicable LEED
checklistVerification.
Multi-Family (major Multiple-Family (major
Large MFR (TBD):
renovation)–Renovations renovation)–Renovations
and/or additions that comprise at and/or additions with a Floor
GPR 50 pts. or applicable
least 10,000 square feet, and Area Ratio (FAR) increase
LEED Certified
replace or alter the HVAC >50% and at least 10,000
system and at least two of the square feet, and replace or alter
following: building envelope, the HVAC system and at least
hot water system and lighting two of the following: building
system.envelope, hot water system and
lighting system:
Minimum: GPR min. 75 pts or Minimum: GPR min. 50 pts or
LEED Certified w/Informal LEED Certified (applicable
Verification or LEED EBOM only to the area of
Certified w/Formal Verification.renovation/addition) w/City
Reviewor LEED EBOM
w/Third Party Certification.
Alternate Reference
Standard: ThirdParty
Certification
Non-Small, <5,000 sq.ft.:Small, < 10,000 sq.ft.:Small, sq.ft.:
Residential–
LEED checklistMinimum: Cal Green Minimum: Cal Green
New
Mandatory w/Informal Mandatory* w/City Review
Construction
Verification.
Alternate Reference
Standard: Third Party
Certification
Type of Phase II Planning Commission Revised Draft Green Building
ProjectRecommendationsRecommended Draft Green Requirement per the 2/1/11
Building OrdinanceCity Council Discussion
Mid-size, 5,000 –25,000 Mid-size, > 10,000 –25,000 sq.
Mid-size, 10,001 sq.ft.–
sq.ft.:ft.:
50,000sq.ft.:
LEED Certified
Minimum: LEED Certified
Minimum: LEED Certified
w/Informal Verification
w/City Review
Alternate Reference
Standard:Third Party
Certification
Large, 50,001 or more sq.ft.:
Large, >25,000 sq.ft.:Large, 25,001 or more sq.ft.:
Minimum: LEED Silver w/
LEED SilverMinimum: LEED Silver w/
Third Party Certification
Formal Verification.
Alternate Reference
Standard:Third Party
Certification
Small projects:
Non-Minor Renovations/Additions:Minor
Residential -Renovations/Additions:
LEED Checklist
Renovations/
Minimum: Cal Green
AdditionsMinimum: Cal Green
Mandatory w/Informal Mandatory* w/City Review
Verification.(applicable only to the scope of
work of the
renovation/addition).
Alternate Reference
Standard:Third Party
Certification
Large w/o HVAC:2 of 4 Major Renovation–Major Renovation–
systems are touched + > Renovations and/or additions Renovations and/or additions
10,000sq.ft.+ > permit that comprise at least 10,000 that comprise at least 10,000
valuation of $1 million square feet, and replace or alter square feet, and replace or alter
permit valuation:the HVAC system and at least the HVAC system and at least
two of the following: building two of the following: building
LEED Certified w/o envelope, hot water system and envelope, hot water system and
prerequisiteslighting system.lighting system.
Large w/HVAC: 2 of 4
Minimum: 10,000–25,000 sq.Minimum: 10,000–50,000 sq.
systems are touched, one
ft.--LEED Certified w/ ft.--LEED Certified
being HVAC + > 10,000
Informal Verification or LEED (applicable only to the area of
sq.ft.+ > $1 million
EBOM w/Formal Verification.the renovation/addition) with
permit valuation:
Type of Phase II Planning Commission Revised Draft Green Building
ProjectRecommendationsRecommended Draft Green Requirement per the 2/1/11
Building OrdinanceCity Council Discussion
City Reviewor LEED EBOM
LEED Certifiedw/Third Party Certification
Minimum: 50,001sq.ft.or
Minimum: 25,001sq.ft.or
more –LEED Certified
more –LEED Certified
w/Formal Verification or LEED (applicable only to the area of
EBOM w/Formal Verification.the renovation/addition)
w/Third Party Certification or
LEED EBOM w/Third Party
Certification
Alternate Reference
Standard:Third Party
Certification
Not AddressedFor projects with both residential Fornew and
Mixed Use
and non-residential components, renovation/addition projects
Projects
each use shall comply with the with residential and non-
minimum requirements stated residential components,each
above.use shall comply with the
mandatory measures to this
code by the City of Cupertino,
and with the requirements
applicable to each use, and with
the requirements applicable to
the use that comprises the
majority of the project’s
permitted square footage.
Note: * CalGreen Mandatory requirements shall only be applied to elements included in the
scope of a project.
Sections 16.58.130 and 16.58.140 Residential New Construction, Single-Family and Multi-
Family Residential
Tobe consistent with the Phase II Recommendation, threshold levels have been increased to
differentiate between less than 9 homes (whether single-family or multi-family) and 9 homes
or more.
To be consistent with the Phase II Recommendation, the Minimum Requirement has been
lowered from 85 Green Point Rated (GPR) points to 50 GPR points. However, the LEED
requirements remain the same as the Planning Commission recommended for the two
threshold levels of development.
Option to New Construction, Single-Family and Multi-Family Residential
As proposed, the minimum Phase II LEED requirement for 9 homes or more is either 50
GPR points or LEED Silver. However, given that 50 GPR points fall short of theLEED
Silver certification level (75 GPR pointsequivalent),the Council couldconsider an option to
raise the minimum GPR points to 75 pointsto make the GPR and LEED points comparable.
Sections 16.58.160 through 16.58.180 Non-Residential New Construction
Modify the mid-size new construction threshold requirement from 10,001-25,000 square feet
to 10,001–50,000square feet, and the large-size new construction threshold to 50,001 or
more square feet.
Section 16.58.150 Residential, Renovation/Addition
Exempt all single-family and minor multiple-family renovations/additions from the
ordinance requirements.
Modify the requirements defining major multiple-family renovations/additionsas an increase
to the floor area ratio (FAR) greater than or equal to 50%,and at least 10,000 square feet,and
replacement or alteration of the HVAC system and at least two of the following: building
envelope, hot water system and lighting system.
Section 16.58.190 through 16.58.200 Non-residential, Renovation/Addition
Modifythe threshold level requirements from 10,001-25,000 square feet to 10,001–50,000
sq.ft.square feetrequiring LEED Certified with City Review, and 50,001 or more square feet
requiring LEED Certified with Third Party Certification.
Section 16.58.210 Mixed-Use
The City’s green building consultant, Global Green, recommends that we further clarify the
requirements for mixed use projects by adding language that states the applicable
requirement shall be the requirement for the use that comprises the majority ofthe project’s
square footage. This would eliminate the need for applicants and staff to track two separate
checklists, one for residential requirements and another for non-residential requirements,
which could become cumbersome to manage. The wording would be amended to add the
italicized wording as follows:
“For new and renovation/addition projects with residential and non-residential components,
each use shall comply with the mandatory measures of the California Green Building
Standards Code and any amendments to this code by the City of Cupertino, and with the
requirements applicable to the use that comprises the majority of the project’s permitted
square footage.”
Section 16.58.230 Alternate green building standards
Alternate green building standards section has been incorporated based upon the previous
draft Green Building Ordinance.
Changes include moving the approval authority of alternate standards to the Building Official
as other cities have done by moving these regulations to the building code;removing the
reference of alternate standard examples since these may change over time and new
standards may be developed; and removing the required finding that the “project will meet or
exceed the applicable minimum and/or exemplary standards” since exemplary standards have
been removed and it is difficult to equate one standard to another.
Section 16.58.240 Verification
This section has been revised to replace referencesto “Formal Verification” with “Third
Party Certification” and “Informal Verification” with “City Review.These references have
also been replaced throughout the ordinance in Table 101.10. This clarification has been
made to more accurately identify the process and requirements that a project will either
require review by the City or certification through a third party rating system to meet the
verification requirement.
Green Building Refundable Deposits/Fee Schedule
In the resolution (See Attachment B, Resolution to amend the Fee Schedule) to amend the Fee
Schedule, the Council recommendedto:
Halve the Planning Commission recommended deposits for Third Party Certificationand for
Single-Family Residential City Review, resulting in:
Green Building Deposit –Third Party Certification
Project TypePlanning Commission Revised Deposits per 2/1/11
RecommendationCouncil discussion
$2/sq.ft., max. $2,000$2/sq. ft., max $ 1,000
Single-Family
$2/sq.ft., min. $40,000/ $2/sq. ft., min. $ 20,000/
Multi-Family
max. $75,000max. $40,000
Residential
$2/sq.ft., min. $70,000/ $2/sq. ft., min. $35,000/
Non-Residential
max. $150,000max. $75,000
For projects requiring City Review, the fee schedule will note that the cost of review will
reflect consultant costs to review the project.For initial deposits, staff proposes $500 for
Single-Family homes, $1500 for Multi-family Residential and $1500 for Non-residential
projects.
Option for Fee Schedule
The Council may consider the deposit amounts as recommended by the Planning
Commission for City Reviewsince these deposit amounts are closely reflective of the actual
certification costs.
Voluntary Requirements to Obtain Incentives
Section has been removed based on Council discussion to remove the proposed incentives in
the draft ordinance.As a result, the “exemplary standards” in the table have been removed as
well.
Options for Incentives
One incentive that the Council recommended for further discussion and consideration is to
allow increased floor area ratio (FAR) of up to 10% over that allowed in the Municipal Code.
Should Council wish to incorporate this incentive, a section regarding incentives and
exemplary standards can be added back into the draft ordinance.
Other incentives that the Council may consider include expedited building permit processing
for projects that exceed Green Building Ordinance requirements and/orawarding a
plaque/recognition to the applicant. Staff is reviewing an expedited fee for projects and
proposes to bring this back during the mid-year budget adjustment for FY2011-2012. If the
Council wishes to offer incentives for projects that exceed the Green Building Ordinance
requirements, exemplary standards can be added back into the draft ordinance and projects
that met the requirements could be offered the expedited process at no cost or a reduced cost
at that time. The Council may also choose to create a program to recognize projects that
exceed the Green Building standards by awarding a plaque or other recognition.
Section 16.58.260 Exemptions
Staff has modified this section to allow for additional unforeseen exemptions, in addition to
historical or atypical energy-related projects.Moving these requirements to the building code
will allow exemptions to be granted by the Building Official.This is consistent with the
codes for other cities such as Mountain View and Palo Alto.
Cost Analysis of Reference Projects
In response to the Council’s request, the City’s Green Building consultant, Global Green,
prepared an analysis (See Attachment D) of how the proposed Green Building Ordinance
requirements would impact development costs of projects in the City.An analysis was
conducted of three development projects approved by the City within the past five years
representing a single-family development, multi-family development and commercial
development, to generate a rough estimate of the additional costs that would be incurred as a
result of meeting the proposed Green Building Ordinance requirements. The estimate is based
upon additional modifications that would be required for these projects to achieve LEED
Certification, which include minor design modifications and modifications to meet the energy
performance and ventilation prerequisite requirements of LEED.More specifically, the analysis
considered that these projects needed:
Upgraded mechanical system designs
Modified landscape plans to reduce water use
Environmentally preferable building materials, such as recycled-content, low-emission and
locally manufactured materials
Stormwater management systems
Increased diversion requirements for construction and demolition waste from 50% to 75%
Additional construction verification measures
A summary of these representative projects and the estimated costs to meet the Green Building
Ordinance requirements are illustrated below. The analysis essentiallydetermined that the
percentage cost increase over meeting the Cal Green building standards was in the range of 1% -
2.2%, which is in line with incremental cost studies that have determined the incremental cost of
achieving LEED Certification ranges from 0% to 5% of total construction costs, with most
projects experiencing 3% or less of an increase in costs. The reason these are estimates is that
LEED and GPR are performance-based, which allows flexibility in the type of green measures
that can be incorporated into a project, leading to different choices regarding credit selection and
the costs associated with achieving those credits.
Single-Family Multi-Family Commercial Office
Residential Residential Building
DevelopmentDevelopment
1
$450$900$900
Registration
1
Design$2,500$4,000$10,000
2
Energy Systems$952$12,880$145,020
3
Materials$1,785$24,000$72,510
$1,000$10,000$25,000
Construction
4
Verification(HERS)(HERS)(Commissioning,
M&V)
5
$2,500$7,500$25,000
Documentation
Preparation
$1,500$3,500$2,250
Certification/Provider
6
Fee
Total Incremental $10,687$62,780$280,680
Cost
7
Cost/Sq.Ft.
$4.49$1.94$2.90
Percent Cost Increase2.2%1.0%1.5%
1.From USGBC web site
2.Assumes 25, 40 and 100 hours at an average cost of $100/hr.
3.Based on Mountain View Energy Reach Code Cost-Effectiveness Study:
$0.40/sq.ft.average for residential and $1.50/sq.ft.for non-res,
4.Assumes average incremental cost of $0.75/sq.ft.
5.Based on typical costs for current Global Green projects
6.Davis Energy Group LEED for Homes fee schedule, GBCI fee schedule
7.Assumes $200 per square foot average cost of construction
Based on results for similar project types in the Mountain View Energy Reach Code Cost-
Effectiveness Study, the estimated annual energy savings is $115/year for the single-family
house, $1,600/yearfor the multi-family, and $18,000/yearfor the non-residential building.
Additional savings would result from reduced water use and lower maintenance costs. The
projects may also experience more rapid appreciation or higher assessed value at time of sale.
Chamber of Commerce Legislative Action Committee
On March 3, 2011, staff presented the comparison table of the Phase II Recommendations,
Planning Commission recommended draft ordinance, and reviseddraft Green Building
requirements per the February 1, 2011 Council meeting, to the Chamber of Commerce
Legislative Action Committee. Staff presented the revised draft ordinance requirements as a
result of Council’s direction to conduct outreach to the community to gauge the community’s
feedback on the draft ordinance requirements.
Staff received many constructive comments including:
Revised draft ordinance is more palatable to the community
LEED Silver is an industry standard for any commercial development over 25,000 sq.ft.
Communication to the public about the policies, implementation and enforcement is
important
Exemptions for economic hardship should be considered
Consider incentivesfor exemplary standards
Consider providing in-house certification, rather than a third-party certification. This saves
time by providing more flexibility so applicant can work directly with staff to resolve issues
rather than working with a third-party or outside consultants
Define “minor” versus “major” renovation
Explain the deposits/fees
Provide a final draft ordinance for the Chamber to review before adoption
Building Standards Commissionand Effective Date of Ordinance
The combined Cal Green/Green Building Ordinance will require approval from the Building
Standards Commission (BSC) prior to the date that the ordinance will take effect. The Building
Standards Commission must approve the ordinance to allow for the local amendments to the
California Green Building Standards Code (Cal Green), since the local amendments exceed the
minimum Mandatory Requirement of the CalGreen.
The City may tentatively approve of the combined ordinance during which time an application
can be submitted to the Building Standards Commission. The Planning Commission suggested
that a six month grace period be provided after adoption of the ordinance and before the
ordinance takes effectto allow applicants adequate time to get information about the new
regulations prior to preparation of project drawings and submitting building permits.Based on
the City Attorney’s recommendation to provide a date certain that would be easier to remember,
staff suggests January 1, 2012 as the effective date. Staffbelieves this would allow for sufficient
time to submit and receive approval from theBuilding Standards Commission before the
ordinance would take effect.
Filing to the Building Standards Commission will require that the City make findings to exceed
the Mandatory Requirements of the Cal Green building codes.These findings are included as
Exhibit B of Ordinance No. 11-2076.
Environmental Review
The proposed ordinance is considered statutorily exempt from the California Environmental
Quality Act (CEQA) guidelines pursuant to Section 15308 since this is an action by a regulatory
agency for the protection of the environment and assures the maintenance, restoration,
enhancements or protection of the environment where the regulatory process involves procedures
for protection of the environment.
_____________________________________
Prepared by:Aki Honda Snelling, Senior Planner
Reviewed by:Gary Chao, City Planner and Aarti Shrivastava, Community Development
Director
Approved for Submission by:David W. Knapp, City Manager
Attachments:
Attachment A: Ordinance No. 11-2076
Attachment B: Draft Resolution to amend the Fee Schedule
Attachment C: Chapter 16.58 of the Cupertino Municipal Code with strikeouts
Attachment D: Global Green Cost Analysis of Reference Projects
Attachment E:February 1, 2011 City Council Minutes
Attachment F:February 1, 2011 City Council Report
Attachment G:Planning Commission Resolution No. 6615
Attachment H: Email of February 18, 2011 from Myron Crawford
Attachment I:Email of March 5, 2011 from Myron Crawford