HomeMy WebLinkAboutCC 05-19-2026 Item No. 1 Study Session Health and Safety Element Update_Staff PresentationCC - 5-19-2026
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Study Session: Health and
Safety Element Update
Presentation
CITY OF CUPERTINO HEALTH AND SAFETY ELEMENT UPDATE
CITY COUNCIL STUDY SESSION
May 19, 2026
Agenda
1.Introductions
2.Health and Safety Element
Overview
3.Key Updates
4.PC Study Session
5.Evacuation Study
6.Next Steps
7.Questions and Discussion
City Council Study Session | May 19, 2026 3
Introductions
City of Cupertino
Luke Connolly, Assistant Director of Community Development
Piu Ghosh, Planning Manager
PlaceWorks, Consultant
Eli Krispi, Interim Project Manager
Tammy L. Seale, Principal (Zoom)
Fehr & Peers, Transportation Consultant
Daniel Rubins, Senior Associate
Franziska Church, Principal
HEALTH AND SAFETY
ELEMENT OVERVIEW
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What is a Safety Element?
Mandatory part of a General Plan.
Identifies hazards of concern and
related risks to the community.
Sets policies to help increase
resilience to natural disasters and
other hazards.
Current element adopted in 2014.
City Council Study Session | May 19, 2026 6
Health and Safety Element Update
Required after Housing Element
update to ensure compliance
with current State law.
Addresses new statutory
requirements and hazards, such
as climate change, wildfire, and
extreme heat.
Incorporates Santa Clara County
Multi-Jurisdictional Hazard
Mitigation Plan Update.
Enhances eligibility for FEMA
funding.
Health and Safety Element
Emergency Operations Plan
Santa Clara
County
Community
Wildfire
Protection
Plan
Multi-
Jurisdictional
Hazard
Mitigation
Plan
Climate Action Plan 2.0
Short-term,
focused plan with
implementation
actions
Details the City’s approach
for emergency response and
recoveryNet-zero GHG
emission roadmap;
informs climate
resilience policies
Reduces fire hazards
through increased
information,
education, and
recommendations
City Council Study Session | May 19, 2026 7
Changes to State Law
SB 1241, adopted in 2012 (Govt. Code § 65302(g)(3))
•Update wildfire sections.
•Identify responsible agencies.
•Minimize risks for new buildings
and essential facilities.
SB 379, adopted in 2015 (Govt. Code § 65302(g)(4))
•Prepare climate change
vulnerability assessment.
•Develop goals, policies, and
actions to increase adaptation and
resilience.
AB 2140 (Govt. Code § 65302.6)
•Enables incorporation of local
hazard mitigation plan (LHMP) into
a General Plan’s Safety Element.
AB 2684, adopted in 2024 (Govt. Code §65302.01)
•Requires Safety Element update to
address extreme heat upon next
General Plan element update on or
after January 1, 2028.
•Requires ongoing review to identify
new information on extreme heat
hazards.
SB 99, adopted in 2019 (Govt. Code § 65302(g)(5))
•Identify evacuation-constrained
residential areas.
AB 747, adopted in 2019 and AB 1409, adopted in 2021 (Govt. Code § 65302.15)
•Identify evacuation route capacity,
safety, viability and evacuation
locations.
•Evaluate evacuation under multiple
hazard scenarios.
KEY UPDATES
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Overview of Updates to Safety Element
Updated and refined hazard sections, policies, and actions to align with
State law and best practices.
Aligned wildfire standards with updated State law and CAL FIRE mapping.
Enhanced floodplain and critical facility protection standards.
Expanded climate adaptation and resilience policies based on revised
Vulnerability Assessment.
Reinforced infrastructure resilience and continuity planning.
Added new evacuation access and route management policies, based on
findings from the 2025 Evacuation Route Capacity Assessment and
Residential Constrained Parcel Analysis.
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Emergency Preparedness & Infrastructure Resilience
Expanded emergency communications policies.
Multilingual alert systems emphasized.
Strengthened regional coordination.
Strengthened evacuation communication and coordination
protocols.
Reinforced resilience of critical municipal infrastructure systems.
Recognized Public Safety Power Shutoffs as an ongoing hazard risk.
City Council Study Session | May 19, 2026 11
Wildfire Hazard Mapping & Risk Reduction
Incorporated updated CAL FIRE Fire
Hazard Severity Zone (FHSZ) mapping for
Local and State Responsibility Areas.
Replaced the prior Wildland-Urban
Interface Fire Area (WUIFA) mapping
framework with the adopted LRA FHSZ
designations.
Revised and added wildfire risk reduction
policies to align with State law, consistent
with CAL FIRE’s standard
recommendations.
City Council Study Session | May 19, 2026 12
Wildfire Risk Reduction Policies
Existing Development
Strengthened defensible space and vegetation
management requirements (Public Resources
Code §4291 and Government Code §51182).
Roadway repair and maintenance to meet
current fire safety and evacuation standards
(California Building Code Part 7).
Fuel break and emergency access route
maintenance coordinated with CAL FIRE and
Santa Clara County Fire Department.
Discouraged electric security gates that
impede emergency access.
Recovery and redevelopment standards
following major fire events to reduce future
risk.
New Development
Early Fire Department review and response
time evaluation.
Ignition-resistant construction and Class A
roofing (California Building Code Part 7).
Fire Protection Plans required for new projects
(California Building Code Part 7).
Multiple ingress/egress and emergency access
standards (California Building Code Part 7).
Water service extensions and fire flow
verification prior to approval.
Restrictions on subdivisions and density
increases in High and Very High FHSZs.
City Council Study Session | May 19, 2026 13
Seismic & Geologic Hazards
Updated landslide and steep slope hazard
discussion and mapping for clarity and
consistency with current data.
Refined discussion of cascading impacts from
seismic events to better reflect potential
hazard interactions.
Clarified discussion of potential infrastructure
disruption affecting emergency access during
seismic events.
Clarified existing geotechnical review
requirements for new development to align
with current City and State regulations.
Clarified limitations on grading on steep
slopes consistent with existing City standards.
City Council Study Session | May 19, 2026 14
Hazardous Waste & Materials
Updated regulatory references to reflect current State and County
oversight requirements.
Reinforced environmental site assessment requirements.
Maintained stringent risk reduction measures for development near
known hazardous materials sites.
Strengthened commitment to coordinate with regulatory agencies for
ongoing cleanup and monitoring activities.
City Council Study Session | May 19, 2026 15
Flood & Inundation Hazards
Updated FEMA floodplain mapping.
Clarified dam failure and inundation
areas.
Identified critical infrastructure and
essential facilities in flood-prone areas.
Strengthened standards for new
development and redevelopment in
flood-prone areas, while existing uses
must meet federal and State
requirements.
Reinforced coordination with flood
control agencies.
City Council Study Session | May 19, 2026 16
Climate Vulnerability Assessment Integration
Integrated SB 379 Vulnerability Assessment.
Flooding, extreme heat, wildfire identified as highest risk.
Identified vulnerable populations and critical infrastructure.
Added adaptation and resilience strategies.
Climate considerations integrated across hazard sections.
Added policies and implementation strategies to expand emergency
preparedness outreach, education, and support for vulnerable
populations.
City Council Study Session | May 19, 2026 17
Development Standards
Mentions if the requirements apply to new development, redevelopment, or
both, consistent with State wildfire planning requirements (Gov. Code §65302(g); SB 1241).
Identifies risk reduction strategies for existing neighborhoods where many
State building standards apply primarily to new development.
Specifies policy triggers (e.g., subdivision size, change of use, site modification
thresholds) to clarify when State and local fire safety requirements apply.
Improves transparency and predictability in development review.
Supports consistent implementation aligned with State wildfire safety and
evacuation planning requirements (SB 99; AB 747; PRC §4290–4291; CBC
Chapter 7A).
City Council Study Session | May 19, 2026 18
Noise Element
Part of the Health and Safety Element, but not part of the comprehensive
update.
Minor updates were made to ensure consistency with current municipal
requirements.
Revisions reflect input from the Planning Commission and Public Safety
Commission during the 2025 study sessions.
Added implementation strategies to guide review of new noise-generating
uses, including public and private recreational activities near residential areas.
Added consideration of restrictions on quarry truck operations during
designated quiet hours.
PLANNING COMMISSION
STUDY SESSION
City Council Study Session | May 19, 2026 20
Planning Commission Study Session
Study Session to review Public Draft on March 9, 2026.
Comments received from Commissioners and public
Commission directed staff to:
Incorporate additional supply-side evacuation strategies from the
evacuation study (e.g., contra-flow, phased evacuation, system
improvements).
Strengthen heat-related policies (HS-9) by incorporating key findings
and strategies from the 2026 State Heat Action Plan, including
emergency alerts, improved services, building standards, and nature-
based solutions.
City Council Study Session | May 19, 2026 21
Planning Commissioner Comments
Provide greater clarity on how wildfire and evacuation standards apply.
Add emergency management and operations as a pillar in the Looking
Forward section (p. 50).
Expand emergency communication and add more information about Block
Leader program.
Add language about maintaining and improving the City’s FEMA Community
Rating System score.
Consider incorporating federal EPA standards for hazardous materials.
Consider establishing objective noise standards for truck traffic.
Clarify standards for law enforcement emergency response.
Clarify shade requirements for parking lots and commercial development.
City Council Study Session | May 19, 2026 22
Public Comments
Consider designating additional evacuation routes and provide clearer
standards around evacuations.
Make information about evacuations more accessible.
Increase the wildfire resilience of new development and incorporate the most
recent wildfire hazard mapping.
Retrofit City properties to better protect against earthquakes.
Include objective noise standards, policies for freeway noise mitigation, and a
noise contour map.
EVACUATION STUDY
Why the City Conducted this Study?
State Requirements
AB 747 and AB 1409:
Identify evacuation route capacity,
safety, viability and evacuation
locations.
Evaluate evacuation under multiple
hazard scenarios.
Planning-Level Assessment
Provides a planning-level
understanding of evacuation route
capacity
This study is not an evacuation
operations plan
Evaluates the evacuation route
network under wildfire and
compounding hazard scenarios
Cupertino Evacuation Route Assessment
Study Intent
Identify evacuation route capacity
bottlenecks
Support updates to the General Plan
Safety Element and emergency
planning documents
Inform future policy and investment
decisions
How the Analysis was Conducted
Cupertino Evacuation Route Assessment
Planning-level evaluation of evacuation demand, routing, and roadway capacity
Scenario Summary
Cupertino Evacuation Route Assessment
Wildfire
Scenario Description Vehicle
Demand
Scenario A
(Wildfire)
Fall 2:00 PM
School In-Session
All Roads Open
7,900 vehicles evacuating
(residents, employees, students, and
visitors)
Scenario B
(Wildfire + Earthquake)
Summer 6:00 AM
School not in Session
McClellan Closure at Club House
Lane
8,720 vehicles evacuating
(residents, and some employees)
Scenario C
(Wildfire + Earthquake)
Scenario A with roadway closures on
Stevens Creek at SR 85 including SB
SR 85 ramps
Same as Scenario A
What was Found: Key Results
Evacuation Demand
Approximately 7,900 to
8,700 vehicle, depending
on scenario
All Scenarios
Most hillside evacuation
routes exceed one-hour
clearing capacity near the
evacuation area
Each primary evacuation
route includes at least one
segment that becomes
capacity-constrained under
one or more evacuation
scenarios
Major bottlenecks occur at
and west of SR 85 and I-
280
Cupertino Evacuation Route Assessment
Most Constrained
Streets providing access to
freeway gateways:
•Foothill Boulevard
•Stevens Creek
Boulevard
•McClellan Road
Short Distances
Evacuation routes are
generally less than 2.5
miles
More than One Hazard Increases Risk
Scenario C
Approximately 7,900
vehicles evacuating early
afternoon
Closure of Stevens Creek
and SR 85 ramps
Like scenario A, higher
volume to capacity ratios
on evacuation routes
Effect of Closure
Evacuation demand is
redirected onto routes that
are already over capacity,
intensifying congestion and
delay
Major bottlenecks occur at
and west of SR 85 and I-
280
Cupertino Evacuation Route Assessment
Intensified Existing
Constraints
Streets providing access to
freeway gateways:
•Foothill Boulevard
•McClellan Road
•De Anza Boulevard
Short Distances
Evacuation routes are
generally less than 2.5
miles
What this means for the City
Existing
Foundation
Unified multi-jurisdiction
emergency coordination
Battery-backed traffic
signals on evacuation
routes
Established emergency
communication protocols
Supply-Side
Strategies
Targeted, flexible,
emergency oriented
capacity improvements
Traffic control during
evacuation
Faster clearance of
roadway closures
Cupertino Evacuation Route Assessment
Demand-Side
Strategies
Carpooling and vehicle
reduction strategies
Phased evacuation
approaches
Information-Side
Strategies
Early hazard detection
Real -time traffic
management
Community preparedness
Evacuation outcomes depend on coordination, operations, and behavior – not roadway widening alone.
NEXT STEPS
City Council Study Session | May 19, 2026 31
Next Steps
Public Review
Incorporate feedback
from Planning
Commission, City
Council, and the
public.
CAL FIRE Review
Submit draft for
mandatory 90-day
review prior to public
hearings.
CEQA
Conduct
environmental
review.
Public Hearings
Planning Commission
and City Council
public hearings
anticipated in Fall2026.
WE ARE
HERE
City Council Study Session | May 19, 2026 32
Recommended action
Receive the presentation and provide input on the
Public Draft of the Health and Safety Element.
QUESTIONS?