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CC 07-09-2024 Searchable PacketCITY OF CUPERTINO CITY COUNCIL AGENDA 10300 Torre Avenue and 10350 Torre Avenue and via Teleconference Tuesday, July 9, 2024 5:00 PM Special Meeting Non-Televised Closed Session (5:00) and Televised Open Session (6:45) IN-PERSON AND TELECONFERENCE / PUBLIC PARTICIPATION INFORMATION Members of the public wishing to observe the meeting may do so in one of the following ways: 1) Attend in person at Cupertino Community Hall, 10350 Torre Avenue. 2) Tune to Comcast Channel 26 and AT&T U-Verse Channel 99 on your TV. 3) The meeting will also be streamed live on and online at www.Cupertino.org/youtube and www.Cupertino.org/webcast Members of the public wishing to comment on an item on the agenda may do so in the following ways: 1) Appear in person for Closed Session in City Hall, Conference Room C or for Open Session in Cupertino Community Hall. Members of the public may provide oral public comments pertaining to the agenda prior to the beginning of Closed Session and after Roll Call. Members of the public may provide oral public comments during the Open Session as follows: Oral public comments will be accepted during the meeting. Comments may be made during the public comment period for each agenda item. Members of the audience who address the City Council must come to the lectern/microphone, and are requested to complete a Speaker Card and identify themselves. Completion of Speaker Cards and identifying yourself is voluntary and not required to attend the meeting or provide comments. 2) E-mail comments for Closed Session or Open Session by 4:00 p.m. on Tuesday, July 9 to the Council at citycouncil@cupertino.org. These e-mail comments will also be forwarded to Page 1 1 CC 07-09-2024 1 of 376 City Council Agenda July 9, 2024 Councilmembers by the City Clerk’s office before the meeting and posted to the City’s website after the meeting. Members of the public that wish to share a document must email cityclerk@cupertino.org prior to the meeting. 3) Open Session Teleconferencing Instructions To address the City Council, click on the link below to register in advance and access the meeting: Online Register in advance for this webinar: https://cityofcupertino.zoom.us/webinar/register/WN_-XF72RxES7mObblcPce3lA Phone Dial: 669-900-6833 and enter Webinar ID: 928 2938 0331 (Type *9 to raise hand to speak, *6 to unmute yourself). Unregistered participants will be called on by the last four digits of their phone number. Or an H.323/SIP room system: H.323: 162.255.37.11 (US West) 162.255.36.11 (US East) Meeting ID: 928 2938 0331 SIP: 92829380331@zoomcrc.com After registering, you will receive a confirmation email containing information about joining the webinar. Please read the following instructions carefully: 1. You can directly download the teleconference software or connect to the meeting in your internet browser. If you are using your browser, make sure you are using a current and up-to-date browser: Chrome 30+, Firefox 27+, Microsoft Edge 12+, Safari 7+. Certain functionality may be disabled in older browsers, including Internet Explorer. 2. You will be asked to enter an email address and a name, followed by an email with instructions on how to connect to the meeting. Your email address will not be disclosed to the public. If you wish to make an oral public comment but do not wish to provide your name, you may enter “Cupertino Resident” or similar designation. 3. When the Mayor calls for the item on which you wish to speak, click on “raise hand,” or, Page 2 2 CC 07-09-2024 2 of 376 City Council Agenda July 9, 2024 if you are calling in, press *9. Speakers will be notified shortly before they are called to speak. 4. When called, please limit your remarks to the time allotted and the specific agenda topic. 5. Members of the public that wish to share a document must email cityclerk@cupertino.org prior to the meeting. These documents will be posted to the City’s website after the meeting. NOTICE AND CALL FOR A SPECIAL MEETING OF THE CUPERTINO CITY COUNCIL NOTICE IS HEREBY GIVEN that a special meeting of the Cupertino City Council is hereby called for Tuesday, July 09, 2024, for a Closed Session commencing at 5:00 p.m. in City Hall, Conference Room C, 10300 Torre Avenue, Cupertino, California 95014 and an Open Session at 6:45 p.m. in Community Hall Council Chamber, 10350 Torre Avenue, Cupertino, California 95014 and via teleconference. Said special meeting shall be for the purpose of conducting business on the subject matters listed below under the heading, “Special Meeting." SPECIAL MEETING ROLL CALL - 5:00 PM 10300 Torre Avenue, Conference Room C CLOSED SESSION 1.Subject: Conference with real property negotiator pursuant to Government Code §54956.8 Property: 19400 Stevens Creek Blvd., Cupertino (APN 375 01 023) Agency Negotiator: Pamela Wu Negotiating Party: Yuki Farms Under Negotiation: Price and terms of payment RECESS OPEN SESSION ROLL CALL - 6:45 PM 10350 Torre Avenue, Community Hall and via Teleconference CLOSED SESSION REPORT CONSENT CALENDAR Items appearing on the Consent Calendar are considered routine City business and may be approved by Page 3 3 CC 07-09-2024 3 of 376 City Council Agenda July 9, 2024 one motion. Typical items may include meeting minutes, awards of contracts, the ratification of accounts payable, and second readings of ordinances. Any member of the Council may request to have an item removed from the Consent Calendar based on the rules set forth in the City Council Procedures Manual. Members of the public may provide input on one or more consent calendar items when the Mayor asks for public comments on the Consent Calendar. 2.Subject: Receive the FY 2022-23 Annual Comprehensive Financial Report (ACFR) Recommended Action: Receive the FY 2022-23 Annual Comprehensive Financial Report (ACFR) Staff Report A – FY 2022-23 ACFR ACTION CALENDAR 3.Subject: Adoption of Vision Zero Action Plan Recommended Action: Adopt Resolution No. 24-070, adopting the Cupertino Vision Zero Action Plan Presenter: David Stillman, Transportation Manager Staff Report A - Draft Resolution B - Draft Vision Zero Action Plan 4.Subject: Implementation of an on-street two-way Class IV bike lane on Vista Drive and Forest Avenue (Alternative 3) along the Lawson Middle School frontage and prohibition of parking along the west side of Vista Dive between Forest Avenue and Merritt Drive for the accommodation of Class IV bicycle lanes and adoption of an Ordinance Municipal Code Table 11.24.150, relating to prohibition of parking along certain streets. Recommended Action: 1. Authorize the implementation of an on-street two-way Class IV bikeway on the west side of Vista Drive between Forest Avenue and Merritt Drive and the north side of Forest Avenue between Vista Drive (west) and Vista Drive (east) and proceed with preparation of final design. 2. Conduct the first reading of Ordinance 24-2263, "An Ordinance of the City Council of the City of Cupertino amending Table 11.24.150 of the Cupertino Municipal Code Relating to Prohibition of Parking along certain streets." Presenter: David Stillman, Transportation Manager Staff Report A - Draft Ordinance B - On-Street Two-Way Class IV Bike Lane Concept C - Lawson Middle School Bikeway Feasibility Study ADJOURNMENT Page 4 4 CC 07-09-2024 4 of 376 City Council Agenda July 9, 2024 Lobbyist Registration and Reporting Requirements: Individuals who influence or attempt to influence legislative or administrative action may be required by the City of Cupertino’s lobbying ordinance (Cupertino Municipal Code Chapter 2.100) to register and report lobbying activity. Persons whose communications regarding any legislative or administrative are solely limited to appearing at or submitting testimony for any public meeting held by the City are not required to register as lobbyists. For more information about the lobbying ordinance, please contact the City Clerk’s Office at 10300 Torre Avenue, Cupertino, CA 95014; telephone (408) 777-3223; email cityclerk@cupertino.org; and website: www.cupertino.org/lobbyist. The City of Cupertino has adopted the provisions of Code of Civil Procedure §1094.6; litigation challenging a final decision of the City Council must be brought within 90 days after a decision is announced unless a shorter time is required by State or Federal law. Prior to seeking judicial review of any adjudicatory (quasi-judicial) decision, interested persons must file a petition for reconsideration within ten calendar days of the date the City Clerk mails notice of the City’s decision. Reconsideration petitions must comply with the requirements of Cupertino Municipal Code §2.08.096. Contact the City Clerk’s office for more information or go to http://www.cupertino.org/cityclerk for a reconsideration petition form. In compliance with the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA), anyone who is planning to attend this meeting who is visually or hearing impaired or has any disability that needs special assistance should call the City Clerk's Office at 408-777-3223, at least 48 hours in advance of the meeting to arrange for assistance. In addition, upon request, in advance, by a person with a disability, meeting agendas and writings distributed for the meeting that are public records will be made available in the appropriate alternative format. Any writings or documents provided to a majority of the Cupertino City Council after publication of the packet will be made available for public inspection in the City Clerk’s Office located at City Hall, 10300 Torre Avenue, Cupertino, California 95014, during normal business hours; and in Council packet archives linked from the agenda/minutes page on the Cupertino web site. IMPORTANT NOTICE: Please be advised that pursuant to Cupertino Municipal Code section 2.08.100 written communications sent to the Cupertino City Council, Commissioners or City staff concerning a matter on the agenda are included as supplemental material to the agendized item. These written communications are accessible to the public through the City’s website and kept in packet archives. Do not include any personal or private information in written communications to the City that you do not wish to make public, as written communications are considered public records and will be made publicly available on the City website. Page 5 5 CC 07-09-2024 5 of 376 CITY OF CUPERTINO Agenda Item 24-13261 Agenda Date: 7/9/2024 Agenda #: 1. Subject: Conference with real property negotiator pursuant to Government Code §54956.8 Property: 19400 Stevens Creek Blvd., Cupertino (APN 375 01 023) Agency Negotiator: Pamela Wu Negotiating Party: Yuki Farms Under Negotiation: Price and terms of payment CITY OF CUPERTINO Printed on 7/3/2024Page 1 of 1 powered by Legistar™6 CC 07-09-2024 6 of 376 CITY OF CUPERTINO Agenda Item 24-13135 Agenda Date: 7/9/2024 Agenda #: 2. Subject: Receive the FY 2022-23 Annual Comprehensive Financial Report (ACFR) Receive the FY 2022-23 Annual Comprehensive Financial Report (ACFR) CITY OF CUPERTINO Printed on 7/3/2024Page 1 of 1 powered by Legistar™7 CC 07-09-2024 7 of 376 CITY COUNCIL STAFF REPORT Meeting: July 9, 2024 Subject Receive the FY 2022-23 Annual Comprehensive Financial Report (ACFR) Recommended Action Receive the FY 2022-23 Annual Comprehensive Financial Report (ACFR) Reasons for Recommendation Background In June 2023, the City appointed The Pun Group LLP (TPG) as its new external auditors following a comprehensive selection process. This decision came after the City’s previous auditors, Crowe LLP, completed a five-year contract with an additional one-year extension, covering fiscal years 2016-17 to 2021-22. The selection process began with a Request for Proposal (RFP) issued in February 2023, which garnered seven proposals from various auditing firms. The proposals were evaluated based on technical qualifications by a subcommittee of the Audit Committee, including two audit committee members and City staff representatives, and the top three firms—Crowe LLP, Maze and Associates, and The Pun Group LLP—were interviewed. TPG was ultimately selected due to their ability to provide a fresh perspective on the City’s financial reports, their innovative use of artificial intelligence for sample selection, and their workflow management software, which enhances audit tracking. TPG has a strong track record with local municipalities and offers the necessary governmental auditing experience and technical capabilities to ensure timely and accurate audits and reports. The FY 2022-23 ACFR marks the first audit conducted by The Pun Group for the City. Annual Comprehensive Financial Report TPG audited the City’s accompanying financial statements as of and for the year ended June 30, 2023. During the audit, procedures were performed to obtain audit evidence regarding amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. The procedures selected depend on the auditor’s judgment, including the assessment of the risks of material misstatement of the financial statement, whether due to fraud or error. In making those risk assessments, the auditor considers internal control relevant to the entity’s preparation and fair presentation of the financial statements in order to design appropriate audit 8 CC 07-09-2024 8 of 376 procedures. Audit procedures are not designed to express an opinion on the effectiveness of the entity’s internal control. TPG expressed an unmodified (or clean) opinion, stating “the financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the respective financial position of the governmental activities, the business-type activities, each major fund, and the aggregate remaining fund information of the City, as of June 30, 2023, and the respective changes in financial position, and, where applicable, cash flows thereof for the year then ended in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. (see FY 2022-23 ACFR, page 1). TPG also issued an Independent Auditor’s Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting and Compliance and Other Matters Based on an Audit of Financial Statements Performed in Accordance with Government Auditing Standards (GAGAS Report). The purpose of this report is solely to describe the scope of the auditor’s testing of internal control over financial reporting and the results of that testing and not to provide an opinion on the effectiveness of the entity’s internal control or compliance. The report disclosed no instances of noncompliance or other matters required to be reported under Government Auditing Standard. The completion of the FY 2022-23 ACFR has taken longer than usual due to a three-month delay in the audit commencement following the RFP process and the inherent challenges of contracting with a new public accounting firm. While the ACFR structure and content have remained mainly the same, the following three key points contributed to the delay and are worth noting:  Prior Period Adjustment: This adjustment records interest receivable from two housing development loans that were historically unrecorded, ensuring accurate financial reporting. Details are provided in Notes 3 and 14.  GASB 96 – Subscription-Based Information Technology Arrangements: Effective FY 2022-23, this standard defines accounting and financial reporting guidelines for subscription-based IT arrangements, ensuring accurate reflection in the City's financial statements.  GASB 77 – Tax Abatement Disclosures: Although effective since FY 2015-16, information on a tax-sharing agreement did not meet TPG’s standards. Additional language has now been proposed to meet reporting requirements, providing transparency about tax abatements and their effects on the City's revenue. The financial section of the ACFR was presented to the City’s Audit Committee on June 24, 2024. Staff informed the Committee that the complete ACFR, including the Transmittal Letter, Management Discussion and Analysis (MD&A), and Statistical Section, would be emailed to them immediately, likely the following day. Any questions arising from the report will be answered and provided to the Council via a supplemental report. The 9 CC 07-09-2024 9 of 376 Committee unanimously approved the report to be received and forwarded to the Council. Agreed-Upon-Procedures The City of Cupertino engaged TPG to perform an Agreed-Upon-Procedures (AUP) on the City’s Appropriations Limit (GANN) Worksheet related to the City’s compliance with Section 1.5 of Article XIIIB of the California Constitution during the period ending June 30, 2022. City Council adopted Resolution 21-054, establishing an Appropriations Limit of $114,666,491 for FY 2021-22. The AUP is set to be completed and presented to Audit Committee on the next regularly scheduled meeting, July 22, 2024, and will be presented to Council thereafter. The City of Cupertino engaged TPG to perform an AUP on the 2019 Clean Water and Storm Protection Fee for the City of Cupertino. The AUP is set to be completed and presented to Audit Committee on the next regularly scheduled meeting, July 22, 2024, and will be presented to Council thereafter. The City of Cupertino engaged TPG to perform an AUP on the City’s investment policy dated May 2022. The AUP is set to be completed and presented to Audit Committee on the next regularly scheduled meeting, July 22, 2024, and will be presented to Council thereafter. Single Audit Lastly, the City of Cupertino engaged TPG to perform a Single Audit on the City’s federally funded programs, including COVID-19 – American Rescue Plan Act of 2021 and Community Development Block Grant (CDBG), in accordance with GAAS, Government Auditing Standards, and requirements under 2 C.F.R. Part 200, Uniform Administrative Requirements, Cost Principles, and Audit Requirements for Federal Awards. The audit is set to be completed and presented to Audit Committee on the next regularly scheduled meeting, July 22, 2024, and will be presented to Council thereafter. Sustainability Impact No sustainability impact. Fiscal Impact No fiscal impact. California Environmental Quality Act Not applicable. _____________________________________ Prepared by: Jonathan Orozco, Finance Manager Reviewed by: Kristina Alfaro, Director of Administrative Services Approved for Submission by: Pamela Wu, City Manager 10 CC 07-09-2024 10 of 376 Attachments: A – FY 2022-23 ACFR 11 CC 07-09-2024 11 of 376 FISCAL YEAR 2022-2023 A118$/2035(+(16,9( 1$1&,$/5(3257 251,$ 12 CC 07-09-2024 12 of 376 13 CC 07-09-2024 13 of 376 CITY OF CUPERTINO, CALIFORNIA ANNUAL COMPREHENSIVE FINANCIAL REPORT WITH REPORTS ON AUDIT BY INDEPENDENT CERTIFIED PUBLIC ACCOUNTANTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED JUNE 30, 2023 Prepared by: The City of Cupertino Administrative Services Department Finance Division 14 CC 07-09-2024 14 of 376 15 CC 07-09-2024 15 of 376 City of Cupertino Annual Comprehensive Financial Report For the Year Ended June 30, 2023 Table of Contents Page INTRODUCTORY SECTION (Unaudited) Letter of Transmittal ...................................................................................................................................................... i City Council and Directory of City Officials .............................................................................................................. vii Organizational Chart .................................................................................................................................................. viii Commissions and Committees ..................................................................................................................................... ix GFOA Certificate of Achievement for Excellence in Financial Reporting .................................................................. x FINANCIAL SECTION Independent Auditors’ Report on Financial Statements ......................................................................................... 1 Management’s Discussion and Analysis (Required Supplementary Information) (Unaudited) ......................... 5 Basic Financial Statements: Government-Wide Financial Statements: Statement of Net Position .............................................................................................................................. 28 Statement of Activities ................................................................................................................................... 30 Fund Financial Statements: Governmental Fund Financial Statements: Balance Sheet .......................................................................................................................................... 34 Reconciliation of the Governmental Funds Balance Sheet to the Government-Wide Statement of Net Position ......................................................................... 37 Statement of Revenues, Expenditures, and Changes in Fund Balances ................................................................................................................ 38 Reconciliation of the Governmental Funds Statement of Revenues, Expenditures, and Changes in Fund Balances to the Government-Wide Statement of Activities ...................................................................................................................... 40 Proprietary Fund Financial Statements: Statement of Net Position ........................................................................................................................ 42 Statement of Revenues, Expenses, and Changes in Net Position ............................................................ 46 Statement of Cash Flows ......................................................................................................................... 48 Notes to the Basic Financial Statements ........................................................................................................... 57 16 CC 07-09-2024 16 of 376 City of Cupertino Annual Comprehensive Financial Report For the Year Ended June 30, 2023 Table of Contents (Continued) Page FINANCIAL SECTION (Continued) Required Supplementary Information (Unaudited) Budgetary Comparison Schedule: General Fund ................................................................................................................................................ 103 Transportation Special Revenue Fund ......................................................................................................... 104 Housing Development Special Revenue Fund ............................................................................................. 105 Notes to the Budgetary Comparison Schedules ................................................................................................ 107 Schedule of Changes in the Net Pension Liability and Related Ratios– Last Ten Fiscal Years Agent Multiple Employer Defined Benefit Retirement Plan - Miscellaneous Plan ..................................... 108 Schedule of Plan Contributions - Pension – Last Ten Fiscal Years Agent Multiple Employer Defined Benefit Retirement Plan - Miscellaneous Plan ..................................... 110 Schedule of Changes in the Net OPEB Liability and Related Ratios – Last Ten Fiscal Years Single Employer Defined Benefit Other Post Employment Benefit Plan .................................................... 112 Schedule of Plan Contributions - Other postemployment Benefits Single Employer Defined Benefit OPEB Plan ............................................................................................. 114 Supplementary Information: Other than the General Fund and Special Revenue Funds ................................................................................. 117 Schedule of Revenues, Expenditures, and Changes in Fund Balance – Budget and Actual: Public Facilities Corporation Debt Service Fund ......................................................................................... 119 Capital Improvement Projects Capital Projects Fund .................................................................................. 120 Nonmajor Governmental Funds: Description of Nonmajor Governmental Funds ........................................................................................... 121 Combining Balance Sheet ............................................................................................................................ 122 Combining Statement of Revenues, Expenditures, and Changes in Fund Balances .................................... 124 Schedule of Revenues, Expenditures, and Changes in Fund Balance – Budget and Actual: Storm Drain Improvement Special Revenue Fund ................................................................................ 126 Park Dedication Special Revenue Fund ................................................................................................ 127 Environmental Management/Clean Creeks Special Revenue Fund ...................................................... 128 Traffic Impact Special Revenue Fund ................................................................................................... 129 Stevens Creek Corridor Park Capital Projects Fund .............................................................................. 130 Nonmajor Enterprise Funds: Combining Statement of Net Position.......................................................................................................... 133 Combining Statement of Revenues, Expenses and Changes in Net Position .............................................. 134 Combining Statement of Cash Flows ........................................................................................................... 135 Internal Service Funds: Combining Statement of Net Position.......................................................................................................... 138 Combining Statement of Revenues, Expenses, and Changes in Net Position ............................................. 140 Combining Statement of Cash Flows ........................................................................................................... 142 17 CC 07-09-2024 17 of 376 City of Cupertino Annual Comprehensive Financial Report For the Year Ended June 30, 2023 Table of Contents (Continued) Page STATISTICAL SECTION (Unaudited) Description of Statistical Section Contents ............................................................................................................... 147 Financial Trends: Net Position By Component - Last Ten Fiscal Years ............................................................................................ 148 Changes in Net Position - Last Ten Fiscal Years .................................................................................................. 150 Fund Balances of Governmental Funds - Last Ten Fiscal Years ........................................................................... 154 Changes in Fund Balances of Governmental Funds - Last Ten Fiscal Years ........................................................ 156 Revenue Capacity: Assessed and Estimated Actual Value of Taxable Property - Last Five Fiscal Years .......................................... 159 Direct and Overlapping Property Tax Rates - Last Ten Fiscal Years .................................................................... 160 Principal Property Taxpayers – Last Fiscal Year and Nine Fiscal Years Ago ...................................................... 162 Property Tax Levies, and Tax Collections - Last Ten Fiscal Years ...................................................................... 163 Debt Capacity: Ratios of Outstanding Debt by Type - Last Ten Fiscal Years ............................................................................... 164 Direct and Overlapping Bonded Debt .................................................................................................................... 165 Legal Debt Margin Information - Last Ten Fiscal Years ....................................................................................... 166 Ratio of General Bonded Debt Outstanding - Last Ten Fiscal Years .................................................................... 167 Demographic and Economic Information: Demographic and Economic Statistics – Last Ten Fiscal Years ........................................................................... 168 2023 Employee Ranking ........................................................................................................................................ 169 Operating Information: Full-Time Equivalent City Employees By Function/Program – Last Ten Fiscal Years ........................................ 171 Operating Indicators by Function / Program – Last Ten Fiscal Years ................................................................... 172 Capital Assets By Function – Last Ten Fiscal Years ............................................................................................. 174 Community Economic Profile ................................................................................................................................ 177 18 CC 07-09-2024 18 of 376 This page intentionally left blank. 19 CC 07-09-2024 19 of 376 i July 1, 2024 To the Citizens of Cupertino, Honorable Mayor, Members of the City Council, and City Manager: It is our pleasure to submit the Annual Comprehensive Financial Report (ACFR) for the City of Cupertino the City), California for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2023. The report is prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (GAAP) set by the Governmental Accounting Standards Board (GASB). The report presents City information on an entity-wide basis and a more detailed fund-level basis. The fund-level reports emphasize the City’s major funds. A Management Discussion and Analysis (MD&A) presents a comparative analysis of current and prior year results, changes in financial position, a comparison of actual versus budget, financial highlights, trends, and disclosure of any known significant events or decisions that affect the financial condition of the City. This transmittal letter is designed to complement the MD&A and should, therefore, be read in conjunction with it. The MD&A is required supplementary information and is found in the Financial Section of the ACFR. The accuracy of the data presented and the completeness and fairness of the presentations, including all disclosures, are the responsibility of the management of the City. To provide a reasonable basis for making these representations, management has established a comprehensive internal control framework that is designed to protect the City’s assets and provide sufficient, reliable information for the proper preparation of these financial statements. We believe the data is accurate in all material respects and is presented in a manner that fairly sets forth the City’s financial position. Furthermore, we believe that all disclosures necessary to enable the reader to gain an understanding of the City’s financial activity have been included. REPORTING ENTITY This ACFR includes all component units and funds of the City. It reports all activities for which the City is considered to be financially accountable. The general governmental funds support a full range of services, including law enforcement, community development, recreation, public works, public and environmental affairs, and general administration. Enterprise funds account for recreation and solid waste operations supported by user fees. This financial report incorporates data for the City of Cupertino and its component unit, the Cupertino Public Facilities Corporation. The City operates under a Council-City Manager form of government. There are five council members, including the Mayor, who serve staggered four-year terms. The City Council appoints the City Manager who is responsible for the daily administration of City affairs. The City Council also appoints the City Attorney. The Director of Administrative Services shall also be appointed Treasurer per the Cupertino Municipal Code 2.48.020. All other employees are appointed by the City Manager. CITY OF CUPERTINO CITY HALL 10300 TORRE AVENUE • CUPERTINO, CA 95014-3202 408) 777-CITY • WWW.CUPERTINO.ORG 20 CC 07-09-2024 20 of 376 ii ECONOMIC CONDITIONS The City of Cupertino is located in Santa Clara County at the southern end of the San Francisco Bay Peninsula. The City is comprised of 13-square miles and is bordered by the cities of San Jose, Saratoga, Sunnyvale, Santa Clara, and Los Altos. It has a residential population of 59,471 (California Department of Finance, January 2024). Situated at the west end of Silicon Valley, Cupertino has earned the reputation of a balanced community with a healthy climate for business and well-maintained residential neighborhoods, community parks and public facilities. The excellent reputation of Cupertino’s schools is a major attraction for families wishing to settle in close proximity to high paying jobs in Silicon Valley. The City recognizes the importance of quality school facilities and programs to all Cupertino residents, and works in partnership with the schools in many programs affecting education and youth. National surveys rank the City high in education levels, average household incomes, and registered patent numbers, as well as one of the best cities in which to live and raise a family. Because Cupertino is a mature, 93% built-out city, the City of Cupertino focuses on business retention and revitalization. Cupertino is world renowned as the home of high-tech giants, such as Apple, Inc., and as a community with stellar public schools. De Anza College, one of the largest single-campus community colleges in the country, is another major employer and a magnet for attracting local and international students. The City’s proactive economic development efforts have resulted in an innovative environment for start-ups and growing companies to thrive. The City strives to retain and attract local companies through active outreach and a responsive and customer-oriented entitlement process. The City is excited to have a number of new mixed-use development projects offering more retail and dining options, as well as provide additional housing opportunities to meet the needs of the growing community. According to the 2022-2023 Assessor’s Annual Report for Santa Clara County, Cupertino’s net assessment roll growth increased by nearly $2,084 million, or 7.2%, from the prior year. Residential use values increased 7.2% a total of $1,260 million and represented 61.1% of all growth experienced in the City. Commercial properties posted an increase of $1,066 million, or 13.1%, due to the movement of assets from the unsecured to the secure roll. The industrial properties reported growth of $280 million, or 24.7%, on the strength of parcels adding improvement values between tax years or tenants at these sites adding fixtures and business assets. Unsecured assets in Cupertino decreased by $655 million, or 38% due to the movement of assets from the unsecured to the secured roll, which contributed to the large growth seen in the commercial use category. The City of Cupertino has experienced significant fluctuations in sales tax revenues over the past several fiscal years. In FY 2018-19, the City received $24.9 million in sales tax revenue. This amount increased substantially in FY 2019-20 to $35.7 million, and further to $42.6 million in FY 2020-21. During FY 2021- 22, the sales tax revenue slightly decreased to $42.2 million. In FY 2022-23, sales tax revenue has decreased to $34.8 million, to a pre-pandemic level, driven by a return to in-person purchases. 21 CC 07-09-2024 21 of 376 iii The increase in sales tax revenue during FY 2020-21 and FY 2021-22 can be attributed to strong growth in two major industry groups: Business and Industry, and State & County Pools. These groups experienced the greatest growth during the pandemic. However, in the current fiscal year, these groups have returned to FY 2019-20 levels. Other industry groups have shown modest but constant growth over the years, contributing to the City's diversified economic base. Sales taxes are comprised of eight major industry groups: Business and Industry, State & County Pools, Restaurants and Hotels, General Consumer Goods, Fuel and Service Stations, Food and Drugs, Building and Construction, and Autos and Transportation. For FY 2022-23, the composition of sales tax revenue received from these groups is as follows: Business and Industry (71.6%), State & County Pools (19.3%), Restaurants and Hotels (4.1%), General Consumer Goods (2.5%), Fuel and Service Stations (1.2%), Food and Drugs (0.8%), Building and Construction (0.4%), and Autos and Transportation (0.1%). With the economic recovery and easing of credit, commercial development activity picked up considerably in 2012-13 and 2013-14 led by plan reviews of the new Apple Campus 2. Plans for the redevelopment of the Marina shopping center into a mixed-use project, Marina Plaza, was approved in 2016. This project will include 23,000 sq. ft. of retail and restaurant use, a 122-room boutique hotel, and 188 residential units including 16 below market rate units. Construction of a five story, 148-room Hyatt House hotel was completed in April 2019 and includes a full-service restaurant and meeting rooms. Through the City’s new General Plan Amendment (GPA) Authorization Process applications for two development projects were authorized by City Council during FY 2019-20 with the De Anza Hotel and the Cupertino Village Hotel. The City’s pension and retiree medical (also referred to as OPEB, Other Post-Employment Benefits) unfunded actuarial accrued liabilities are discussed in the Notes to the Basic Financial Statements. The City must pay CalPERS, the state’s government pension system, annually to reduce its long-term liability for pensions. Cupertino’s CalPERS actuarial valuation report as of June 30, 2022 reported a pension unfunded accrued liability of $41.3 million with annual payments to CalPERS of 32.75% and 32.81% of projected payroll for 2023-24 and 2024-25, respectively, with ongoing decreases after that. CalPERS’ strong performance in FY 2020-21 with a return of 21.3%,triggered a reduction in the discount rate from 7% to 6.9%, leading to a greater unfunded liability for all agencies and increased normal costs and mandatory annual contributions. To address long-term rising costs, Cupertino and state law has reduced pension benefits for new hires and increased employee contributions. As of the June 30, 2023, the City has a Net OPEB Liability of $0.5 million with annual payments to a retiree health plan trust at 2.1% of payroll. The funding status changed from over-funded to a liability due to negative year-over-year market conditions and change in demographic assumptions. 5,000 10,000 15,000 20,000 25,000 30,000 35,000 40,000 45,000 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 Sales Tax in thousands) 22 CC 07-09-2024 22 of 376 iv In addition to the City’s Section 115 OPEB Investment Trust established in 2010, in FY 2017-18, the City Council approved the establishment of a Section 115 trust as part of a pension rate stabilization program. An initial investment of $8 million was made in FY 2018-19, with additional contributions of $4 million in FY 2019-20, $2 million in FY 2020-21, and $2 million in FY 2021-22. In FY 2022-23 instead of contributing additional funds to the trust, the Council authorized the use of trust funds to cover direct OPEB costs amounting to $1,385,359 to assist the City in balancing a projected deficit due to a potential loss of sales tax revenue due to the California Department of Tax and Fee Administration (CDTFA) Audit of one the City’s sales taxpayers. Because the City contracts out police services to the County Sheriff and because fire protection is handled by a special district, the City avoids the high pension, capital, and operating costs of a City-operated public safety function. The City caps its contributions to employee health insurance premiums that benefit both the City and employees. A build-up of operating reserves from strong revenue years, such as 2013-14, along with a traditional under-spending of budgets, enables the City to withstand weak revenue years that occur periodically, such as in FY 2009-10. On March 11, 2021, the American Rescue Plan Act (ARP) of 2021 was signed into law and established the Coronavirus State Recovery Fund and Coronavirus Local Fiscal Recovery Funds, which together make up the Coronavirus State and Local Fiscal Recover Funds (“SLFRF”). The ARP is a $1.9 trillion economic stimulus bill. Within the ARP, the Coronavirus Local Fiscal Recovery Fund provided $350 billion for states, municipalities, counties, tribes, and territories, including $130 billion for local governments split evenly between municipalities and counties. California cities are expected to receive more than $7 billion dollars in much needed assistance to help offset the billions of dollars in revenue shortfalls due to the shutdown of local economies and the billions spent protecting public health, delivering essential services, protecting vulnerable populations, and helping small businesses survive during the pandemic. The City received two payments totaling $9,694,773 in SLFRF funding, with the first payment received in May 2021 in the amount of $4,847,386.50 and the second payment in May 2022. The City may use SLFRF funds to cover these eligible costs incurred during the period that begins on March 3, 2021 and ends on December 31, 2024, as long as the award funds for the obligations incurred by December 31, 2024 are spent by December 31, 2026. On September 7, 2021, the Cupertino City Council approved a plan which allocated the ARP funding towards revenue loss which was estimated at approximately $29 million. Additionally, the $9.7 million in total ARP funding was approved to be spent on general government services in the General Fund, specifically, City Work Program and special project items. The City subsequently submitted compliance reporting allocating $3,594,028 and $6,100,745 for fiscal year 2021-22 and 2022-23, respectively, fully reporting allocated funds to offset revenue losses in transient occupancy taxes. ECONOMIC INITIATIVES With the expanded Apple presence, the City’s revenue base will remain concentrated among its top companies and top economic sector, the volatile business-to-business area. Past recessions and the historic departure of a major tax provider, Hewlett-Packard, demonstrates the need for diversification of the City’s revenue base and a long-term balance of revenues and expenditures. The City desires other revenues to mitigate the fluctuating nature of sales taxes, transient occupancy (hotel) taxes, user fees, and state grabs of local taxes in times of budget distress. 23 CC 07-09-2024 23 of 376 v COVID-19 has had significant adverse impacts on the City’s transient occupancy taxes, charges for services, and is sure to have long-lasting impacts on its sales tax. While the City’s revenues remained strong in FY 2019-20 and are currently on pace with projections in FY 2020-21, the City’s strong, untapped reserves afford the City to continue actively mitigating the impacts of the pandemic on the community. Efforts to reduce operating costs, additional allocations for tenants at risk of eviction and homeless assistance, public facility and area sanitation enhancements, and small business grant assistance are all examples in FY 2019-20 and FY 2020- 21 of the City’s on-going ability and commitment to overcome these challenges. ACCOUNTING AND BUDGETARY CONTROL In developing and evaluating the City’s accounting system, consideration is given to the adequacy of internal accounting controls. The City’s controls are designed to provide reasonable, but not absolute, assurance regarding the safeguarding of assets against losses from unauthorized use or disposition and the reliability of financial records for preparing financial statements and maintaining accountability of assets. The concept of reasonable assurance recognizes that the costs of a control should not exceed the benefits likely to be derived and that the evaluation of costs and benefits requires estimates and judgments by management. The City’s budget is a detailed operating plan that identifies estimated costs and results in relation to estimated revenues. The budget includes 1) the programs, projects, services and activities to be provided during the fiscal year; 2) estimated revenue and fund balance available to finance the operating plan; and 3) the estimated spending requirements of the operating plan. The budget represents a process through which policy decisions are made, implemented and controlled. INDEPENDENT AUDIT City ordinance requires an annual audit of the financial records by an independent certified public accounting firm selected by the City Council and its audit committee. The Pun Group LLP audited the City’s Basic Financial Statements, and their opinion thereon is included in the Financial Section of this report. FRAUD INVESTIGATION On September 5, 2018, former City of Cupertino employee Jennifer “Yuen-Cheng” Chang, Senior Accountant, was arrested by the Santa Clara County Sheriff’s Office for embezzling $791,494 in public funds through fraudulent checks between 2000 and 2014. The scheme ended in September 2014 with the implementation of an upgraded financial system that tightened internal controls. Ms. Chang retired in July 2015. The fraudulent checks were discovered in early 2018 during a detailed review of several accounts after the new financial system was implemented. These checks, debited against a liability account, were suspicious due to their nature, size, and lack of supporting documentation. In 2018, the Santa Clara County Sheriff’s Office submitted its case to the District Attorney’s Office, resulting in 68 criminal charges against Ms. Chang. At a Preliminary Hearing on December 10, 2019, Judge Pennypacker ruled that Ms. Chang would stand trial on 53 felony counts. In December 2021, Ms. Chang pled guilty to three felony counts and paid $612,000 in criminal restitution to the City on January 31, 2022. The City is pursuing civil remedies to recover the full amount embezzled, interest, and investigation costs. 24 CC 07-09-2024 24 of 376 vi The City has since strengthened internal controls, hired additional accounting staff to enhance segregation of duties, and approved the implementation of an internal audit function in FY 2019-20. Additionally, Moss Adams, LLP was engaged as the City’s internal auditor. CERTIFICATE OF ACHIEVEMENT The Government Finance Officers Association of the United States and Canada (GFOA) awarded a Certificate of Achievement for Excellence in Financial Reporting to the City of Cupertino for its ACFR for the year ended June 30, 2022. In order to be awarded a Certificate of Achievement, a government unit must publish an easily readable and efficiently organized ACFR. This report must satisfy both GAAP and applicable legal requirements. A Certificate of Achievement is valid for a period of one year only. We believe that the current report continues to meet the Certificate of Achievement Program’s requirements. ACKNOWLEDGMENTS I would like to express my appreciation to City employees, department heads, the City Manager, members of the Audit Committee, and members of City Council for their interest in conducting the financial operations of the City in a responsible manner. Special thanks go to, Jonathan Orozco, Zeng Wang, Min Zhao, Jumaini Judoprasetijo, Vi Tran, and Amber Chang of the Finance staff for their continued support and dedication. Special recognition to Beth Viajar, Richard Wong, Giang Dinh, and Janet Liang for their efforts in the preparation and production of this report. Reviewed by, Kristina Alfaro Director of Administrative Services 25 CC 07-09-2024 25 of 376 4 8 EC/C F F F E F E F 1 1 F 1 F F F vii 26 CC 07-09-2024 26 of 376 D viii 27 CC 07-09-2024 27 of 376 5:0'61&35*/0 03/*" JTDBM FBS 0..*44*0/4 0..*55&&4 1 E @ @ C/C 8 4 4 1 G! 1 8 G! B 4 1 8 1 8 1 @ B 4 8 1 E E ix 28 CC 07-09-2024 28 of 376 Government Finance Officers Association Certificate of Achievement for Excellence in Financial Reporting Presented to City of Cupertino California For its Annual Comprehensive Financial Report For the Fiscal Year Ended June 30, 2022 Executive Director/CEO x 29 CC 07-09-2024 29 of 376 200 E. Sandpointe Avenue, Suite 600 Santa Ana, California 92707 INDEPENDENT AUDITORS’ REPORT To the Honorable Mayor and the Members of the City Council of the City of Cupertino Cupertino, California Report on the Audit of the Financial Statements Opinions We have audited the accompanying financial statements of the governmental activities, the business-type activities, each major fund, and the aggregate remaining fund information of City of Cupertino, California (the “City”) as of and for the year ended June 30, 2023, and the related notes to the basic financial statements, which collectively comprise the City’s basic financial statements as listed in the table of contents. In our opinion, the financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the respective financial position of the governmental activities, the business-type activities, each major fund, and the aggregate remaining fund information of the City, as of June 30, 2023, and the respective changes in financial position, and, where applicable, cash flows thereof for the year then ended in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. Basis for Opinions We conducted our audit in accordance with auditing standards generally accepted in the United States of America and the standards applicable to financial audits contained in Government Auditing Standards, issued by the Comptroller General of the United States. Our responsibilities under those standards are further described in the Auditors’ Responsibilities for the Audit of the Financial Statements section of our report. We are required to be independent of the City and to meet our other ethical responsibilities, in accordance with the relevant ethical requirements relating to our audit. We believe that the audit evidence we have obtained is sufficient and appropriate to provide a basis for our audit opinions. Other Matters Change in Accounting Principle - Implementation of GASB 96 As discussed in Note 1 to the basic financial statements, the City adopted new accounting guidance, Governmental Accounting Standards Board (“GASB”) Statement No. 96, Subscription-based Information Technology Arrangements. Our opinion is not modified with respect to this matter. Prior Period Adjustments As discussed in the Note 14 to the basic financial statements, the City also recorded prior period adjustment in the governmental activities in the amount of $1,562,736 due to correction of recording loans related interest receivable. The City also recorded prior period adjustments in the General Fund and the Housing Development Special Revenue Fund in the amount of $509,278 and $4,725,458, respectively, due to correction of recording loans related interest receivable and the restatement of unavailable revenue related to the loans receivable to the fund balance. 30 CC 07-09-2024 30 of 376 To the Honorable Mayor and the Members of the City Council of the City of Cupertino Cupertino, California Page 2 2 Responsibilities of Management for the Financial Statements Management is responsible for the preparation and fair presentation of the financial statements in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America, and for the design, implementation, and maintenance of internal control relevant to the preparation and fair presentation of financial statements that are free from material misstatement, whether due to fraud or error. In preparing the financial statements, management is required to evaluate whether there are conditions or events, considered in the aggregate, that raise substantial doubt about the City’s ability to continue as a going concern for twelve months beyond the financial statement date, including any currently known information that may raise substantial doubt shortly thereafter. Auditors’ Responsibilities for the Audit of the Financial Statements Our objectives are to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements as a whole are free from material misstatement, whether due to fraud or error, and to issue an auditors’ report that includes our opinions. Reasonable assurance is a high level of assurance but is not absolute assurance and therefore is not a guarantee that an audit conducted in accordance with auditing standards generally accepted in the United States of America and Government Auditing Standards will always detect a material misstatement when it exists. The risk of not detecting a material misstatement resulting from fraud is higher than for one resulting from error, as fraud may involve collusion, forgery, intentional omissions, misrepresentations, or the override of internal control. Misstatements are considered material if there is a substantial likelihood that, individually or in the aggregate, they would influence the judgment made by a reasonable user based on the financial statements. In performing an audit in accordance with auditing standards generally accepted in the United States of America and Government Auditing Standards, we: Exercise professional judgment and maintain professional skepticism throughout the audit. Identify and assess the risks of material misstatement of the financial statements, whether due to fraud or error, and design and perform audit procedures responsive to those risks. Such procedures include examining, on a test basis, evidence regarding the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. Obtain an understanding of internal control relevant to the audit in order to design audit procedures that are appropriate in the circumstances, but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the City’s internal control. Accordingly, no such opinion is expressed. Evaluate the appropriateness of accounting policies used and the reasonableness of significant accounting estimates made by management, as well as evaluate the overall presentation of the financial statements. Conclude whether, in our judgment, there are conditions or events, considered in the aggregate, that raise substantial doubt about the City’s ability to continue as a going concern for a reasonable period of time. We are required to communicate with those charged with governance regarding, among other matters, the planned scope and timing of the audit, significant audit findings, and certain internal control-related matters that we identified during the audit. 31 CC 07-09-2024 31 of 376 To the Honorable Mayor and the Members of the City Council of the City of Cupertino Cupertino, California Page 3 3 Required Supplementary Information Accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America require that Management’s Discussion and Analysis, the Budgetary Comparison Schedules – General Fund and Major Special Revenue Funds, the Schedule of Changes in Net Pension Liability and Related Ratios, the Schedules of Contributions – Pensions, the Schedules of Changes in Net Other Postemployment Benefits Liability and Related Ratios, and the Schedules of Contributions – Other Postemployment Benefits as listed in the table of contents be presented to supplement the basic financial statements. Such information is the responsibility of management and, although not a part of the basic financial statements, is required by the Governmental Accounting Standards Board who considers it to be an essential part of financial reporting for placing the basic financial statements in an appropriate operational, economic, or historical context. We have applied certain limited procedures to the required supplementary information in accordance with auditing standards generally accepted in the United States of America, which consisted of inquiries of management about the methods of preparing the information and comparing the information for consistency with management’s responses to our inquiries, the basic financial statements, and other knowledge we obtained during our audit of the basic financial statements. We do not express an opinion or provide any assurance on the information because the limited procedures do not provide us with sufficient evidence to express an opinion or provide any assurance. Supplementary Information Our audit was conducted for the purpose of forming opinions on the financial statements that collectively comprise the City’s basic financial statements. The accompanying combining and individual nonmajor fund financial statements are presented for purposes of additional analysis and are not a required part of the basic financial statements. Such information is the responsibility of management and was derived from and relates directly to the underlying accounting and other records used to prepare the basic financial statements. The information has been subjected to the auditing procedures applied in the audit of the basic financial statements and certain additional procedures, including comparing and reconciling such information directly to the underlying accounting and other records used to prepare the basic financial statements or to the basic financial statements themselves, and other additional procedures in accordance with auditing standards generally accepted in the United States of America. In our opinion, the combining and individual nonmajor fund financial statements are fairly stated, in all material respects, in relation to the basic financial statements as a whole. Other Information Management is responsible for the other information included in the annual report. The other information comprises the Introductory Section and the Statistical Section are presented for purposes of additional analysis and are not a required part of the basic financial statements. Our opinions on the basic financial statements do not cover the other information, and we do not express an opinion or any form of assurance thereon. In connection with our audit of the basic financial statements, our responsibility is to read the other information and consider whether a material inconsistency exists between the other information and the basic financial statements, or the other information otherwise appears to be materially misstated. If, based on the work performed, we conclude that an uncorrected material misstatement of the other information exists, we are required to describe it in our report. 32 CC 07-09-2024 32 of 376 To the Honorable Mayor and the Members of the City Council of the City of Cupertino Cupertino, California Page 4 4 Other Reporting Required by Government Auditing Standards In accordance with Government Auditing Standards, we have also issued our report dated July 1, 2024, on our consideration of the City’s internal control over financial reporting and on our tests of its compliance with certain provisions of laws, regulations, contracts, and grant agreements and other matters. The purpose of that report is solely to describe the scope of our testing of internal control over financial reporting and compliance and the results of that testing, and not to provide an opinion on the effectiveness of the City’s internal control over financial reporting or on compliance. That report is an integral part of an audit performed in accordance with Government Auditing Standards in considering the City’s internal control over financial reporting and compliance. Santa Ana, California July 1, 2024 33 CC 07-09-2024 33 of 376 CITY OF CUPERTINO Management’s Discussion and Analysis (Unaudited) For the Year Ended June 30, 2023 5 This section describes the City of Cupertino’s (the ”City”) financial performance for the year. Readers are encouraged to consider the following information in conjunction with the accompanying Transmittal Letter and Basic Financial Statements. 2022-23 FINANCIAL HIGHLIGHTS In December 2021, the California Department of Tax and Fee Administration (CDTFA) informed the City that an audit would be conducted on one of the City’s major sales taxpayers. While the full impact of the audit was not known at that time, the City ceased its large annual transfers of excess unassigned fund balance to the Capital Reserve Fund. In March 2023, the CDTFA verbally notified the City of its preliminary determination that tax dollars had been misallocated to the City, resulting in an adverse outcome for the City. In October 2023, the City formally received the results of the audit and took many steps to mitigate the impact which are discussed in the City’s FY 2023-24 and FY 2024-25 Adopted Budgets. The City is currently appealing the decision by the CDTFA and continues to receive disputed sales tax revenues. Those revenues are set aside in a committed Sales Tax Repayment Reserve that was created in October 2023. The assets and deferred outflows of resources of the City exceeded its liabilities and deferred inflows of resources at the close of the fiscal year 2022-23 by $388.1 million (net position). Of this amount, $120.5 million represents unrestricted net position, which may be used to meet the City’s ongoing obligations to citizens and creditors. City revenues have increased in 2022-23 with base governmental revenues showing a $5.9 million increase, or 6%, over 2021-22. The primary fluctuations include an increase in use of money and property and intergovernmental revenues that are offset by decreases in sales tax and charges for services. According to the 2022-23 Assessor’s Annual Report for Santa Clara County, Cupertino’s net assessment roll growth increased $2.08 billion, or 7.2%, from the prior year. Residential use values increased 7.2%, a total of $1,260 million, and represented 61.1% of all growth experienced in the City. Commercial properties posted an increase of $1,066 million, or 13.1%, due to the movement of assets from the unsecured to the secure roll. The industrial properties reported growth of $280 million, or 24.7%, on the strength of parcels adding improvement values between tax years or tenants at these sites adding fixtures and business assets. Unsecured assets in Cupertino decreased by $655 million, or 38.0% due to the movement of assets from the unsecured to the secured roll, which contributed to the large growth seen in the commercial use category. The City experienced a decrease of approximately $8.3 million, or 20% in FY 2022-23 sales tax revenues compared to the previous year. The decrease was mainly due to a return to in store versus online purchases. Although the City experienced declines in many of the sectors, including business and industry, general consumer goods, and State and County pools, these experiences were mitigated by strong performances in the remaining major industry groups. The City continued to make substantial investments into capital projects dedicated to street and transportation improvements, storm drain improvements, and maintenance of and improvements to City facilities, resulting in an increase in net capital assets of $4.3 million, or 2.0%, after depreciation. The City’s change in net position was $28.2 million for governmental activities reflecting the continued positive experience in sales and property tax and modest departmental spending. The City’s Net Pension Liability for June 30, 2022, (measurement date) was $55.8 million, increased by $21.8 million from June 30, 2021, or 64%. The Plan Fiduciary Net Position as a Percentage of the Total Pension Liability for the City’s pension plan with CalPERS maintained at 68%. In accordance with guidance under GASB 67/68, the assets in the Section 115 Trust are reported as restricted cash and investments in the City’s General Fund. While the Section 115 Trust qualifies as a “trust,” the assets in the Section 115 Trust are not used to directly pay benefits to beneficiaries; rather, they are used to pay CalPERS via the CERBT Trust and as a result, the activities are not required to be reported in a fiduciary fund. The Trust’s ending balance as of June 30, 2023 was $19.1 million. 34 CC 07-09-2024 34 of 376 CITY OF CUPERTINO Management’s Discussion and Analysis (Unaudited) (Continued) For the Year Ended June 30, 2023 6 Business-type activities contributed $7.2 million to citywide revenues totaling $25.7 million, while the same activities contributed over $8.0 million to citywide expenses of $98.4 million. As of June 30, 2023, the City reported an increased in Net OPEB Liability of $7.9 million primarily due to the investment return being less than the service cost plus interest on Total OPEB Liability (TOL). The City’s actuarial valuation generated a Net OPEB Liability of $0.5 million. The City also reported deferred outflows and inflows related to OPEB of $6.2 million and $2.3 million, respectively. As of June 30, 2023, the City’s OPEB plan had a funding ratio or funded ratio or status of 98%. On March 11, 2021, the American Rescue Plan (ARP) Act of 2021 was signed into law, establishing the Coronavirus State and Local Fiscal Recovery Funds (SLFRF). The ARP Act is a $1.9 trillion stimulus bill, with 350 billion allocated for states, municipalities, counties, tribes, and territories, including $130 billion for local governments. California cities are expected to receive over $7 billion to offset revenue shortfalls and cover costs incurred due to the pandemic. The City of Cupertino received two payments totaling $9,694,773 in SLFRF funding: $4,847,386.50 in May 2021 and a second payment in May 2022. These funds can be used for eligible costs incurred between March 3, 2021, and December 31, 2024, with the funds spent by December 31, 2026. The City has discretion to use these funds within four statutory categories set by the U.S. Department of the Treasury. On September 7, 2021, the Cupertino City Council approved a plan to allocate the ARP funding towards an estimated $29 million revenue loss. The $9.7 million in ARP funding was designated for general government services in the General Fund, including City Work Program and special projects. Compliance reporting submitted by the City allocated $3,594,028 and $6,100,745 for fiscal years 2021-22 and 2022-23, respectively, fully offsetting revenue losses in transient occupancy taxes. The net position presentation has been updated to reflect the implementation of Governmental Accounting Standards Board (GASB) Statement No. 96, effective FY 2022-23, resulting in new asset and liability categories. The objective of the new statement is to better meet the information needs of financial statement users by improving accounting and financial reporting for leases by governments. The City recorded a prior period adjustment, necessary to record interest receivable due to two housing development loans that the City has historically not recorded. This adjustment ensures that all financial activities are accurately reflected in the City's financial statements. Information on the Loan Receivable can be found in Note 3 – Loans Receivable, and details of the adjustment are provided in Note 14 – Prior Period Adjustment. This adjustment aims to improve transparency and accuracy in our financial reporting. OVERVIEW OF THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS The discussion and analysis is intended to serve as an introduction to the City’s Basic Financial Statements. The Basic Financial Statements are comprised of the City-wide Financial Statements, the Fund Financial Statements, and the notes to the Basic Financial Statements. These two sets of financial statements provide two different views of the City’s financial activities and positions. 35 CC 07-09-2024 35 of 376 CITY OF CUPERTINO Management’s Discussion and Analysis (Unaudited) (Continued) For the Year Ended June 30, 2023 7 The City-Wide Financial Statements provide a long-term view of the City’s activities as a whole, and comprise the Statement of Net Position and the Statement of Activities. These statements are prepared on the accrual basis, which means they measure the flow of all economic resources of the City as a whole. The accrual basis of accounting is similar to the accounting used by most private sector companies. The Statement of Net Position provides information about the financial position of the City as a whole, including all its capital assets and long-term liabilities. The Statement of Activities provides information about all the City’s revenues and expenses, with the emphasis on measuring net revenues and expenses for each of the City’s programs. The Statement of Activities explains in detail the change in net position for the year. Over time, increases or decreases in net position can be indicators of whether the financial condition of the City is improving or deteriorating. All of the City’s activities are grouped into Governmental activities and Business-type activities, as explained below. The Statement of Net Position and the Statement of Activities provide a summary of these two types of activities for the City as a whole. Governmental activities—Most of the City’s basic services are considered to be governmental activities, including public works, law enforcement, community development, recreation, innovation and technology, and general administration. These services are supported by general City revenues such as property, sales and other taxes, and by specific program revenues such as developer fees and grants. The City’s governmental activities include the activities of a separate legal entity, the Cupertino Public Facilities Corporation (the “Corporation”), because the City is considered to be financially accountable for the Corporation. The City leases its major facilities from the Corporation, which then uses the lease payments to pay principal and interest on the Corporation’s long-term debt. Business-type activities—All of the City’s enterprises are reported here, including solid waste management and most of the City’s recreational operations. Unlike governmental services, these services are supported by charges paid by users based on the amount of services used. The Fund Financial Statements report the City’s operations in more detail than the City-wide Financial Statements and focus primarily on the short-term activities of the City’s General Fund and other major funds. The Fund Financial Statements measure only current revenues, expenditures, assets, liabilities, and deferred inflows and outflows of resources; they exclude long-term assets and liabilities. Because these statements focus on the near-term inflows and outflows of spendable resources, such information may be useful in evaluating near-term financing requirements. The Fund Financial Statements provide detailed information about each of the City’s most significant funds, called major funds. Cupertino’s Fund Financial Statements include governmental, enterprise and internal service funds as discussed below. Each major fund is presented individually, with all non-major funds summarized and presented only in a single column. Subordinate schedules, which follow the Notes to Basic Financial Statements, present the details of these non-major funds. Major funds present the significant activities of the City for the year and may change from year to year as a result of changes in the pattern of the City’s activities and public interest. For example, the Capital Improvement Projects Fund may or may not appear as a major fund depending on the volume of construction activity in a certain year. Governmental Fund financial statements are prepared on a modified accrual basis, which means they measure only current financial resources and uses. They present essentially the same functions reported as governmental activities in the city-wide financial statements. However, capital assets and other long-lived assets, along with long-term liabilities, are not presented in the Governmental Fund financial statements. Reconciliations are provided to facilitate a comparison between governmental funds and governmental activity statements to allow a better understanding of the long-term impact of the government’s near-term financial decisions. 36 CC 07-09-2024 36 of 376 CITY OF CUPERTINO Management’s Discussion and Analysis (Unaudited) (Continued) For the Year Ended June 30, 2023 8 Comparisons of budget and actual financial information are included in the Basic Financial Statements for the General Fund and other major Special Revenue Funds. For other nonmajor funds, budgetary comparison schedules for these funds are included in this document as supplemental information only. Enterprise and Internal Service Fund financial statements are prepared on a full accrual basis and include current and long-term assets and liabilities and deferred outflows and inflows of resources. Enterprise funds are used to report the same functions presented as business-type activities in the City-wide Financial Statements, and in more detail in the Fund Financial Statements. Since the City’s Internal Service funds provide goods and services only to the City’s governmental and business-type activities, their activities are reported only in total at the fund level. Internal Service funds may not be major funds because their revenues are derived from other City funds. These revenues are eliminated in the City-wide financial statements and any related profits or losses are returned to the activities which created them, along with any residual net position of the Internal Service funds. For this City, internal service activities predominantly benefit governmental rather than business-type functions, and are therefore included within governmental activities in the City-wide Financial Statements. The Notes to Basic Financial Statements provide important additional detail that is essential to a full understanding of the data reported in the City-wide and Fund Financial Statements. CITY-WIDE FINANCIAL ACTIVITIES This analysis focuses on the net position and changes in net position of the City’s Governmental Activities (Tables 1 and 2) and Business-Type Activities (Tables 3 and 4) as presented in the City-wide Statement of Net Position and the Statement of Activities. 37 CC 07-09-2024 37 of 376 CITY OF CUPERTINO Management’s Discussion and Analysis (Unaudited) (Continued) For the Year Ended June 30, 2023 9 Table 1 Condensed Statement of Net Position at June 30 in thousands) Governmental Activities 2023 2022 Assets: Cash and investments $ 205,572 $ 190,003 Restricted cash and investments 19,089 17,248 Other assets 25,222 20,849 Capital assets 219,168 214,927 Total assets 469,051 443,027 Deferred Outflows of Resources: Loss on refunding 159 199 Related to Pensions (Note 8) 17,294 8,317 Related to OPEB (Note 9) 5,859 4,786 Total deferred outflows of resources 23,312 13,302 Liabilities: Long term debt 18,850 21,269 Other liabilities 80,725 58,527 Total liabilities 99,575 79,796 Deferred Inflows of Resources: Leases Receivable 2,380 2,495 Related to Pensions (Note 8) 131 11,161 Related to OPEB (Note 9) 2,169 2,993 Total deferred inflows of resources 4,680 16,649 Net Position: Net Investment in capital assets 198,450 196,916 Restricted 69,129 69,355 Unrestricted 120,529 93,613 Total net position $ 388,108 $ 359,884 Updated to reflect prior period adjustment (see Note 3 and 14) 38 CC 07-09-2024 38 of 376 CITY OF CUPERTINO Management’s Discussion and Analysis (Unaudited) (Continued) For the Year Ended June 30, 2023 10 The City’s change in net position from governmental activities was $28.2 million. The following significant changes within assets, liability, and net position categories occurred: As part of the City’s budget balancing efforts, the City did not make an additional contribution into its Section 115 Pension Trust during the fiscal year. In accordance with guidance under GASB 67/68, the assets in the Section 115 Trust are reported as restricted cash and investments in the City’s General Fund. While the Section 115 Trust qualifies as a “trust,” the assets in the Section 115 Trust are not used to directly pay benefits to beneficiaries; rather, they are used to pay CalPERS via the CERBT Trust and as a result, the activities are not required to be reported in a fiduciary fund. Cash and investments increased by $15.6 million, or 8.2%, over the previous fiscal year. This was largely due to the City’s efforts to reduce expenses as part of it’s budget strategy to address the structural deficit while relying other sources of funding to . The City utilized the Section 115 OPEB Trust to pay for the direct benefit costs instead of relying on the General Fund to subsidize the expense. Additionally, the change in demographic assumptions and investment performance, the Net OPEB Liability grew to $0.6 million, a shift of $2.1 million from the previous year’s Net OPEB Asset of $1.5 million. Capital assets increased approximately $4.2 million. This consisted of continued significant capital investment into capital projects dedicated to street and transportation improvements, storm drain improvements, and maintenance of and improvements to City facilities that were offset with current year depreciation expense. Long-term debt decreased by $2.4 million or 11.4% over the previous year and resulted from the regular debt service payment and amortization on the issuance premium. Other liabilities decreased by approximately $22.2 million or 37.9%, primarily due to an increase in the City’s Net Pension and OPEB Liabilities. Deferred Outflows Related to Pension and OPEB increased $10.1 million primarily due to actuarial changes of assumptions. Deferred Inflows of Resources Related to Pension and OPEB increased approximately 11.9 million primarily due to actuarial changes of assumptions. 39 CC 07-09-2024 39 of 376 CITY OF CUPERTINO Management’s Discussion and Analysis (Unaudited) (Continued) For the Year Ended June 30, 2023 11 Sources of Revenue, Governmental Activities 2022-23 Revenue categories are returning to their proportionate pre-pandemic amounts, with the exception of transient occupancy tax (TOT), which has gradually increased but has not yet returned to FY 2018-19 levels. Charges for Services 15.5% Operating Grants & Contributions 9.2% Capital Grants & Contributions 1.3% Property Tax 26.9% Sales Tax 29.3% Transient Occupancy Tax 6.0% Utility User Tax 3.5% Franchise Tax 3.4% Other Taxes 2.4% Investment Earnings 2.4% Gain on capital assets 0.0% Transfers -0.2% Miscellaneous 0.4% 40 CC 07-09-2024 40 of 376 CITY OF CUPERTINO Management’s Discussion and Analysis (Unaudited) (Continued) For the Year Ended June 30, 2023 12 Functional Expenses, Governmental Activities 2022-23 Similarly to TOT in the previous chart, Parks and Recreation was adversely affected by the pandemic, but program activity has gradually increased over the course of the last two fiscal years. Administration 9.8% Law Enforcement 17.5% Public Works 43.0% Innovation and Technology 2.2% Administrative Services 7.1% Parks and Recreations 6.7% Community Development 13.8% Administration Law Enforcement Public Works Innovation and Technology Administrative Services Parks and Recreations Community Development 41 CC 07-09-2024 41 of 376 CITY OF CUPERTINO Management’s Discussion and Analysis (Unaudited) (Continued) For the Year Ended June 30, 2023 13 The Statement of Activities presents program revenues, expenses, general revenues, and the resulting change in net position as summarized in the next table. Table 2 Condensed Statement of Activities for the Year Ended June 30 in thousands) Governmental Activities Expenses 2023 2022 Administration $ 8,830 $ 7,293 Law enforcement 15,716 16,100 Innovation and technology 1,951 2,004 Administrative services 6,363 5,364 Parks and recreation 6,021 3,977 Community development 12,463 12,210 Public works 38,696 35,654 Interest on long-term debt 370 637 Total expenses 90,410 83,239 Revenues Program revenues: Charges for services 18,405 21,387 Operating grants and contributions 10,881 7,601 Capital grants and contributions 1,594 1,283 Total program revenues 30,881 30,271 General revenues: Taxes: Property tax 21,808 20,323 Property tax in-lieu of motor vehicle fee 10,082 9,402 Sales tax 34,819 43,647 Transient occupancy tax 7,062 4,405 Utility user tax 4,104 3,356 Franchise tax 3,995 3,480 Other taxes 2,873 11,118 Intergovernmental, unrestricted: Motor vehicle license fee 62 68 Investment earnings 2,802 (9,242) Gain on sale of capital assets - - Miscellaneous 444 1,948 Total general revenues 88,051 88,504 Total revenues 118,932 118,775 Excess of revenues over expenses, before extraordinary item and transfers 28,521 35,536 Transfers (Note 5) (296) ( 887) Change in net position 28,225 34,649 Beginning net position (Restated) (Note 14) 359,884 323,672 Prior period adjustment - 1,563 Ending net position $ 388,109 $ 359,884 42 CC 07-09-2024 42 of 376 CITY OF CUPERTINO Management’s Discussion and Analysis (Unaudited) (Continued) For the Year Ended June 30, 2023 14 City-Wide Governmental Activities Revenues Table 2 shows that revenues from governmental activities increased $0.16 million or 0.1% from last year, finishing at 119 million. The modest increase is largely due to increases in Operating grants, property taxes, TOT, and investment earning offset by decreases in charges for service, sales taxes, and other taxes. Increases in the City’s general revenues are attributable to a $1.5 million increase in property tax over the prior year. According to the 2022/23 City of Cupertino Property Tax Review from HDL (Assessor’s Annual Report for Santa Clara County) the net assessment roll growth increased $2.1 billion million, or 7.24%, from the prior year. Approximately 100% was attributable to residential, commercial, industrial, recreational, vacant properties, Miscellaneous and Institutional use values and 2.27% decreased in Unsecured Value change. The City experienced a sales tax decrease of $8.3 million in FY 2022-23, decreasing by 20.2% over the previous fiscal year. Although the City experienced declines in many of the sectors including autos and transportation, building and construction, fuel and service stations, general consumer goods, and restaurants and hotels over the last two year, these experiences were mitigated by strong performance in the business and industry sector and the City’s county pool allocation. The decrease in sales tax was expected as consumers transitioned back to in store shopping from online. In FY 2022-23, total transient occupancy tax increased $2.7 million, or 60.3%, over the prior year. The City continues on the road to recovery for this tax source, although it was anticipated to take longer than other areas as employers’ long-term and permanent telework policies will have a substantial impact on the timing and extent of recovery. Other taxes experienced a decrease of $8.3 million, or 74.7%, which was primarily driven federal funding received from the CARES Act and the revenue is recognized in, FY21-22. Investment earnings increased by $12.0 million over the prior year. This was due to the shift from a negative market adjustment (4.76%) in FY 2021-22 in the City’s portfolio’s rate of return of .36% (net of fee) for the fiscal year (source: Chandler Asset Management). Program revenues showed a modest increase of $0.6 million or 2%, and is primarily attributable to the revenue recognition of the remaining SLFRF funds, offset by decreases in charges for services across all programs. City-wide Governmental Activities Expenses City-wide governmental activities expenses increased by $7.2 million, or 9%. This was primarily driven by increases in Administration due to , Recreation due to a return to normalcy following the global pandemic and Recreation and Public Works. Change in Net Position The City-wide governmental net position increase of $28.2 million nearly matching the previous year’s $34.5 million increase, and can be best explained by budget reduction strategies and continued revenue recognition of the federal funding assistance. Business Type Activities Business-type activities in the City-wide Financial Statements include the City’s four enterprise funds. Enterprise funds are used to account for recreational and solid waste management operations that are financed and operated in a manner similar to private business enterprises where the intent is that costs of providing services and facilities to the general public on a continuing basis be financed or recovered primarily through user fees. The major proprietary funds section of this report provides more information on business-type results. 43 CC 07-09-2024 43 of 376 CITY OF CUPERTINO Management’s Discussion and Analysis (Unaudited) (Continued) For the Year Ended June 30, 2023 15 As shown in Table 3 and Table 4, the business-type net position totaled $10.4 million at June 30, 2023, decreased by 255,000 or 2.4%, largely due to decreased cash and investments from negative operating activities. Business-type activities transferred in (net) decreased by approximately $0.5 million over the prior year. An increase in capital asset additions of $181,863 offset with $161,840 in depreciation expense resulted in a net increase of $20,023 over the prior year. Enterprise activities experienced an overall increase in assets due primarily to investment income which increased cash and cash equivalents. Liabilities for business-type activities increased by $268,000 or 6.5% over the previous year. In Table 4, revenues for all business-type activities increased $1.6 million, or 26.9% and operating expenses increased by $0.45 million, as the enterprise funds continue to return to normal, pre-pandemic operations. Table 3 Condensed Statement of Net Position at June 30 in thousands) Business Type Activities 2023 2022 Assets: Cash and investments $ 11,373 $ 12,342 Other assets 307 230 Capital assets 2,109 2,091 Total assets 13,789 14,663 Deferred Outflows of Resources: Related to pensions 832 565 Related to OPEB 311 256 Total deferred outflows of resources 1,143 821 Other Liabilities: 4,386 4,118 Total liabilities 4,386 4,118 Deferred Inflows of Resources: Related to pensions 6 498 Related to OPEB 115 188 Total deferred inflows of resources 121 686 Net Position: Net Investment in capital assets 2,110 2,090 Restricted 167 167 Unrestricted 8,148 8,423 Total net position $ 10,425 $ 10,679 44 CC 07-09-2024 44 of 376 CITY OF CUPERTINO Management’s Discussion and Analysis (Unaudited) (Continued) For the Year Ended June 30, 2023 16 Table 4 Condensed Statement of Activities for the Year Ended June 30 in thousands) Business Type Activities Expenses 2023 2022 Resource recovery $ 2,038 $ 1,838 Blackberry farm 3,456 655 Cupertino sports center 1,662 3,396 Recreation programs 799 1,618 Total expenses 7,955 7,507 Revenues Program revenues: Charges for services 7,249 6,239 General revenues: Investment earnings 156 (404) Total revenues 7,405 5,835 Excess of revenues over expenses, before extraordinary item and transfers (551) (1,672) Transfers 296 887 Change in net position (255) (785) Beginning net position 10,679 11,465 Ending net position $ 10,425 $ 10,679 MAJOR GOVERNMENTAL FUNDS General Fund General Fund Revenues General Fund actual revenues of $111 million ended $16.4 million, or 17.3%, above the original budget and $24.3 million, or 18.0%, below the final budget. Table 5 displays the variations in actual revenues, while Table 6 shows budgeted revenues compared to actuals. Property taxes increased $2.2 million, or 7.3%, over the prior year due to continued roll-growth. According to the 2022- 2023 Assessor’s Annual Report for Santa Clara County, Cupertino’s net assessment roll growth increased by $2.1, or 7.24%, from the prior year. 45 CC 07-09-2024 45 of 376 CITY OF CUPERTINO Management’s Discussion and Analysis (Unaudited) (Continued) For the Year Ended June 30, 2023 17 Sales tax decreased by 20% or $8.3 million, returning to pre-pandemic levels. Sales Tax revenue continues to be the City’s greatest revenue at 29.3% of total. Transient occupancy tax increased $2.7 million, or 60%, due to the continual growth following the heavy decline caused by the pandemic. Charges for services decreased by 24%, nearly $3.5M under the previous year. Licenses and permits decreased by $48,000, or 1%, due to a decrease in permitting on animal licenses, Mech/Elec/Plumbing, and others. Table 5 Revenue Changes General Fund, Fiscal Year 2023 vs. 2022 in thousands) Increase/(Decrease) Fiscal Year 2023 From Fiscal Year 2022 Revenue by Source Amount % of Total Amount Percent Taxes: Property $ 31,890 29% $ 2,165 7% Sales 34,819 31% (8,318) -20% Transient occupancy 7,062 6% 2,657 60% Utility user 4,104 4% 748 22% Franchise 3,995 4% 515 15% Other 1,472 1% 458 24% Use of money & property 3,034 3% 8,557 -155% Intergovernmental 7,771 7% 3,386 77% Licenses and permits 4,094 4% (48) -1% Charges for services 11,114 10% (3,478) -24% Fines and forfeitures 304 0% (66) -18% Other 1,306 1% (635) -33% Total revenues $ 110,964 100% $ 5,940 6% Other financing sources: Inception of subscription liability $ 965 53% $ 965 - Transfers in $ 861 47% $ 846 5640% Total other financing sources $ 1,826 100% $ 846 5640% 46 CC 07-09-2024 46 of 376 CITY OF CUPERTINO Management’s Discussion and Analysis (Unaudited) (Continued) For the Year Ended June 30, 2023 18 Table 6 Revenue, Budget, and Actual Comparisons General Fund 2022-23 in thousands) Budgeted Amounts Over/(Under) Original Final Actual Final Taxes: Property $30,040 $30,040 $ 31,890 $ 1,850 Sales 31,944 31,944 34,819 2,875 Transient occupancy 5,000 6,000 7,062 1,062 Utility user 2,955 2,955 4,104 1,149 Franchise 3,230 3,230 3,995 765 Other 1,788 1,788 1,472 (316) Use of money & property 1,275 1,275 3,034 1,759 Intergovernmental 1,434 7,946 7,771 (175) Licenses and permits 3,541 34,058 4,094 (29,964) Charges for services 11,799 14,428 11,114 (3,314) Fines and forfeitures 427 427 304 (123) Other 1,160 1,183 1,306 124 Total revenues $ 94,594 $135,273 $ 110,964 $ (24,309) Inception of subscription liability $ - $ - $ 965 Transfers in $ 61 $861 $ 861 $ - General Fund Expenditures Fiscal 2022-23 overall expenditures, at $72.6 million, were $2.1 million, or 3.0%, higher than last year. This result came in $12.4 million, or 14.6%, under the final budget. Year-over-year and budget-versus-actual results for General Fund programs are described below and in Tables 7 and 8. Administration increased of $110,000 or 1% from 2021-22 and is primarily due to the Economic Development and Video functions moving from Community Development and Innovation & Technology departments, respectively. Law Enforcement was $437,000 lower by approximately 3%, which is attributed to a shift in reclassing the Santa Clara County Sheriff’s reconciling year end refund payment from a miscellaneous revenue to a reduction in expenditure and the year-over-year increases to services provided. Innovation & Technology decreased by $450,000, or 8%, over the prior year. This was driven by the Department’s reorganization. Administrative Services’ expenditures increased approximately $332,000, or 6%, over the prior year largely due to increases in insurance premiums. Parks & Recreation General Fund expenditures experienced a 15% increase, or $703,000, across its programs. The increase is attributed to the program returning to pre-pandemic level of activity. 47 CC 07-09-2024 47 of 376 CITY OF CUPERTINO Management’s Discussion and Analysis (Unaudited) (Continued) For the Year Ended June 30, 2023 19 Community Development expenditures in the General Fund decreased $5 million, or 5%, and resulted primarily from increases in cost allocation charges. Public Works expenditures increased by approximately $0.6 million or 2%. This is primarily represented by an increase in compensation and benefits. Various divisions and programs fluctuated over the prior year due to the addition and completion of one-time special projects. Transfers out of the General Fund decreased from $21.4 million in 2021-22 to $12.3 million a 42%. This was due to a reduction transfers from the General Fund to the Capital Reserve. Function/Program Amount % of Total Amount Percent Administration $ 7,602 10% $ 110 1% Law enforcement 15,277 21% (439)-3% Innovation and technology 1,826 3% (237)-11% Administrative services 5,976 8% 450 8% Parks and recreation 5,432 7% 703 15% Community development 10,667 15% (521)-5% Public works 23,880 33% 553 2% Capital outla y 1,263 2% 867 219% Debt service 645 1% 645 - Total expenditures $ 72,568 100% $ 2,131 3.0% Transfers out $ 12,344 190% $ (9,081) -42% Fiscal Year 2023 From Year Fiscal 2022 Table 7 Expenditure Changes General Fund, Fiscal Year 2023 vs. 2022 in thousands) Increase/(Decrease) 48 CC 07-09-2024 48 of 376 CITY OF CUPERTINO Management’s Discussion and Analysis (Unaudited) (Continued) For the Year Ended June 30, 2023 20 Over/(Under) Original Final Actual Final Administration 11,046$ 10,275$ 7,602$ 2,673$ Law enforcement 16,815 16,815 15,277 1,538 Innovation and technology 3,397 2,779 1,826 953 Administrative services 7,209 7,164 5,976 1,188 Parks and recreation 7,462 7,663 5,432 2,231 Community development 11,349 12,782 10,667 2,115 Public works 25,581 27,184 23,880 3,304 Capital outla y 306 287 1,263 (976) Debt service - - 645 (645) Total expenditures 83,165$ 84,949$ 72,568$ 12,381$ Transfers out 11,252$ 26,124$ 12,344$ ( 13,780)$ Budgeted Amounts in thousands) General Fund 2022-23 Table 8 Expenditure Changes General Fund - Fund Balance The General Fund carried a June 30, 2023, ending fund balance of $138.6 million, up25.2% over prior fiscal year. Loan receivables totaled $970,962 of non-spendable fund balance out of $4,000,588 total non-spendable. The remaining non- spendable is related to advances, inventories, and prepaid items . The City committed $34.1 million for general economic uncertainty and $127,891 for sustainability. The City assigned $9,735,187 million for encumbrances. The City restricted $19,088,859 for the pension rate stabilization program (Section 115 Trust). $71,603,813 was classified as unassigned. Transportation The Transportation Special Revenue Fund carried a June 30, 2023, ending fund balance of $10,6 million down 10.5%, or $1.2 million from the beginning of the fiscal year. In recent years this fund has accumulated fund balance year over year. The decrease in fund balance can be attributed to the progression of scheduled projects, funded by available funds. Housing Development The Housing Development Special Revenue Fund carried a June 30, 2023, ending fund balance of $11.5 million, down 3.4%, or $0.4 million, from the beginning of the fiscal year. The decrease can be attributed to lower intergovernmental revenue recognized. Public Facilities Corporation On September 29th, 2020, the City of Cupertino 2020A Certificates of Participation (2020 COPs) were successfully sold at very attractive interest rates in order to refund the City’s 2012 Certificates of Participation for debt service savings. The 2020 COPs were very well received by investors due in large part to the well-regarded Cupertino name, the top- notch AA+ rating, the sizable annual principal amounts and short maturity, and favorable supply and demand dynamics in the California municipal market. 49 CC 07-09-2024 49 of 376 CITY OF CUPERTINO Management’s Discussion and Analysis (Unaudited) (Continued) For the Year Ended June 30, 2023 21 At the end of the order period, there were nearly eight times as many orders as there were bonds for sale. This strong investor demand enabled the underwriter to further lower yields. The refunding ultimately generated net present value savings of approximately $3.14 million, or 11.61% of refunded par (compared to $2.26 million, or 8.36% of refunded par, when presented to Council on September 1st) and a True Interest Cost of 0.72%. Savings to the City’s General Fund amounts to approximately $494,000 per year for the next 10 years, or almost $5 million in total savings. Fund balance as of June 30, 2023 was $1,750 lower than the previous year, which will remain at this approximate fund balance in future fiscal years. Capital Improvement Projects The Capital Improvement Projects Capital Projects Fund carried a June 30, 2023, ending fund balance of $34.8 million,largely unchanged to the prior fiscal year. MAJOR PROPRIETARY FUNDS Resource Recovery The City has a solid waste franchise agreement with Recology that shares collection, landfill disposal, and recycling revenues and costs. This fund receives revenues from Recology with the funds going toward landfill costs, regulatory fees, and staffing costs that the City incurs to manage its solid waste, recycling, and household hazardous waste programs. Total operating revenue and expenses is at $1.77 million and $2.04 million, respectively. Net position decreased by $207,128. The fund ended the year with $4.8 million in net position. Recreation Programs This enterprise operates the Quinlan Community Center, Monta Vista Recreation Center, McClellan Ranch, Creekside Park building, eight school sites, and various parks. These programs generated approximately $1.7 million in revenues and program expenses of approximately $1.7 million. This resulted in a net operating gain of $80,756. The fund ended the year with a net position of $2.8 million. Cupertino Sports Center Revenue increased by $1,307,386 or 72.2% as the activities continued to increase post-pandemic. As a result of the increase in services generating more revenue, expenses increased by $1.3 million or 58.3%, resulting in a net operating loss of $338,959. This fund’s net position was $1.9 million as of June 30, 2023. NONMAJOR PROPRIETARY FUNDS Blackberry Farm City employees, with a teaching professional contractor, staff the City-owned Blackberry Farm golf course and pro shop. Operating revenues increased from $602,778 to $616,461 or 2.27%. Operating expenses increased by $143,984, or 22.0%, to $799,168 this year, which ended up with the operating loss of $182,707. After a transfer in from the General Fund of $23,600 and investment earnings of 37,286, net position decreased by $121,821. As of June 30, 2023, this fund’s net position was $734,400. 50 CC 07-09-2024 50 of 376 CITY OF CUPERTINO Management’s Discussion and Analysis (Unaudited) (Continued) For the Year Ended June 30, 2023 22 CAPITAL ASSETS At June 30, 2023, the City had $221 million, net of depreciation, invested in a broad range of capital assets used in governmental and business-type activities, as shown in Table 9 and in Note 6 to the Basic Financial Statements. This reflects the City’s continued investment into capital projects dedicated to street and transportation improvements, storm drain improvements, and maintenance of and improvements to City facilities, resulting in an increase in net capital assets of $4.2 million, after depreciation and amortization. Table 9 Capital Assets, Net of Depreciation and Amortization, at June 30 in thousands) 2023 2022 Governmental Activities: Land $ 64,787 $ 64,787 Easements 19,615 19,615 Construction in progress 28,594 23,406 Buildings 12,504 14,118 Improvements other than buildings 13,373 15,405 Machinery and equipment 3,640 4,195 Roads, curbs, gutters, sidewalks, medians and bridges 69,369 67,932 Streetlights 1,241 1,270 Storm drain structures and mains 3,541 3,691 Traffic signals 420 508 Right-to-use subscription asset 2,083 1,773 Total Governmental Activities 219,167 216,700 Business-Type Activities Construction in progress 358 185 Buildings 1,419 1,501 Improvements other than buildings 262 315 Machinery and equipment 70 89 Total Business-Type Activities 2,109 2,090 Total City $ 221,276 $ 217,017 DEBT ADMINISTRATION On September 29, 2020, the City of Cupertino’s 2020A Certificates of Participation (2020 COPs) were successfully sold in order to refund the City’s 2012 Certificates of Participation for debt service savings. The 2020 COPs were very well received by investors due in large part to the well-regarded Cupertino name, the top-notch AA+ rating, the sizable annual principal amounts and short maturity, and favorable supply and demand dynamics in the California municipal market. The refunding generated net present value savings of approximately $3.14 million, 11.61% of refunded par and a True Interest Cost of 0.72%. Savings to the City’s General Fund amounts to approximately $494,000 per year for the next 10 years, or almost $5 million in total savings. 51 CC 07-09-2024 51 of 376 CITY OF CUPERTINO Management’s Discussion and Analysis (Unaudited) (Continued) For the Year Ended June 30, 2023 23 The June 30, 2023, outstanding principal of $16,065,000 is due to be paid off by June 1, 2030. More information can be found in Note 7 to the Basic Financial Statements and in the Public Facilities Corporation discussion earlier in this analysis. CURRENTLY KNOWN FACTS AND CONDITIONS The COVID-19 pandemic has had significant impacts on the City, both financially as well as operationally. Although revenues in transient occupancy tax and charges for services have experienced declines since the start of the pandemic, the City has put forth efforts to reduce its operating costs to mitigate the future impacts. Additionally, through the assistance of the CARES Act and American Rescue Plan Act, the City anticipates these funds will mitigate much of the revenue loss and fiscal impact of the pandemic over the short- and long-term. The City’s reserves remain intact and the City does not anticipate requiring the use of these Committed and Restricted funds. Aside from the pandemic, the City is unaware of any other facts or conditions or decisions that are expected to have a significant effect on net position or results of operations. CONTACTING THE CITY’S FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT This Annual Comprehensive Financial Report is intended to provide a general overview of the City’s finances. Further information can be provided by the City of Cupertino Finance Department, 10300 Torre Avenue, Cupertino CA 95014, phone (408) 777-3280, or by the City website at www.cupertino.org. 52 CC 07-09-2024 52 of 376 24 This page intentionally left blank. 53 CC 07-09-2024 53 of 376 BASIC FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 25 54 CC 07-09-2024 54 of 376 This page intentionally left blank. 26 55 CC 07-09-2024 55 of 376 GOVERNMENT-WIDE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 27 56 CC 07-09-2024 56 of 376 Governmental Business-Type Activities Activities Total ASSETS Current assets: Cash and investments 205,571,569$ 11,372,546$ 216,944,115$ Receivables: Accounts 15,591,022 267,136 15,858,158 Interest 732,160 39,832 771,992 Leases, due within one year 221,644 - 221,644 Inventories 21,383 - 21,383 Prepaid items 8,243 - 8,243 Other assets 3,884 - 3,884 Total current assets 222,149,905 11,679,514 233,829,419 Noncurrent assets: Restricted cash and investments 19,088,859 - 19,088,859 Lease receivable, due in more than one year 2,271,395 - 2,271,395 Loans receivable, net 6,373,278 - 6,373,278 Capital assets: Capital assets, not being depreciated 112,996,509 358,231 113,354,740 Capital assets, being depreciated and amortized 106,171,455 1,751,361 107,922,816 Total noncurrent assets 246,901,496 2,109,592 249,011,088 Total assets 469,051,401 13,789,106 482,840,507 DEFERRED OUTFLOWS OF RESOURCES Deferred charges on refunding 159,478 - 159,478 Related to pensions 17,294,067 831,986 18,126,053 Related to other postemployment benefit 5,858,718 311,282 6,170,000 Total deferred outflows of resources 23,312,263 1,143,268 24,455,531 City of Cupertino Statement of Net Position June 30, 2023 See accompanying Notes to the Basic Financial Statements 28 57 CC 07-09-2024 57 of 376 Governmental Business-Type Activities Activities Total LIABILITIES Current liabilities: Accounts payable and accruals 8,094,159 475,433 8,569,592 Accrued payroll and benefits 602,421 289 602,710 Deposits payable 8,645,547 - 8,645,547 Interest payable 53,550 - 53,550 Unearned revenues 167,673 1,097,879 1,265,552 Compensated absences, due within one year 501,158 10,492 511,650 Claims payable, due within one year 382,000 - 382,000 Subscription liabilities, due within one year 783,067 - 783,067 Long-term debt, due within one year 2,035,000 - 2,035,000 Total current liabilities 21,264,575 1,584,093 22,848,668 Noncurrent liabilities: Compensated absences, due in more than one year 4,580,402 209,749 4,790,151 Claims payable, due in more than one year 1,840,786 - 1,840,786 Subscription liabilities, due more than one year 1,244,223 - 1,244,223 Long-term debt, due in more than one year 16,814,711 - 16,814,711 Aggregate net pension liabilities 53,277,801 2,563,097 55,840,898 Net other postemployment benefit liability 552,638 29,362 582,000 Total noncurrent liabilities 78,310,561 2,802,208 81,112,769 Total liabilities 99,575,136 4,386,301 103,961,437 DEFERRED INFLOWS OF RESOURCES Leases 2,379,733 - 2,379,733 Related to pensions 131,066 6,305 137,371 Related to other postemployment benefit 2,168,769 115,231 2,284,000 Total deferred inflows of resources 4,679,568 121,536 4,801,104 NET POSITION Net investment in capital assets 198,450,441 2,109,592 200,560,033 Restricted for: Public works 35,408,750 - 35,408,750 Affordable housing 11,492,607 - 11,492,607 Pension trust 19,088,859 - 19,088,859 Other postemployment benefit 3,137,311 166,689 3,304,000 Debt service 1,750 - 1,750 Total restricted 69,129,277 166,689 69,295,966 Unrestricted 120,529,242 8,148,256 128,677,498 Total net position 388,108,960$ 10,424,537$ 398,533,497$ June 30, 2023 Statement of Net Position (Continued) City of Cupertino See accompanying Notes to the Basic Financial Statements 29 58 CC 07-09-2024 58 of 376 Capital Grants Charges for Operating Grants and Expenses Services and Contributions Contributions Functions/Programs Governmental Activities: Administration 8,830,127$ 3,098,916$ 6,125,745$ -$ Law enforcement 15,716,301 612,993 1,255,790 - Innovation and technology 1,950,718 - - - Administrative services 6,363,343 5,419,347 - - Recreation services 6,020,526 621,587 - - Community development 12,463,257 5,361,837 407,090 - Public works 38,696,234 3,290,506 3,092,813 1,593,910 Interest and fiscal charges 369,502 - - - Total Governmental Activities 90,410,008 18,405,186 10,881,438 1,593,910 Business-Type Activities: Resource recovery 2,038,313 1,772,252 - - Cupertino sports center 3,456,539 3,117,580 - - Recreation programs 1,661,686 1,742,442 - - Blackberry farm 799,168 616,461 - - Total Business-Type Activities 7,955,706 7,248,735 - - Total Primary Government 98,365,714$ 25,653,921$ 10,881,438$ 1,593,910$ City of Cupertino Statement of Activities For the Year Ended June 30, 2023 Program Revenues See accompanying Notes to the Basic Financial Statements 30 59 CC 07-09-2024 59 of 376 Governmental Business-Type Activities Activities Total Functions/Programs Governmental Activities: Administration 394,534$ -$ 394,534$ Law enforcement (13,847,518) - (13,847,518) Innovation and technology (1,950,718) - (1,950,718) Administrative services (943,996) - ( 943,996) Recreation services (5,398,939) - (5,398,939) Community development (6,694,330) - (6,694,330) Public works (30,719,005) - (30,719,005) Interest and fiscal charges (369,502) - ( 369,502) Total Governmental Activities (59,529,474) - (59,529,474) Business-Type Activities: Resource recovery - (266,061) (266,061) Cupertino sports center - (338,959) (338,959) Recreation programs - 80,756 80,756 Blackberry farm - (182,707) (182,707) Total Business-Type Activities - (706,971) (706,971) Total Primary Government (59,529,474) ( 706,971) (60,236,445) General Revenues: Taxes: Property taxes 21,807,628 - 21,807,628 Property tax in lieu of motor vehicle fee 10,082,011 - 10,082,011 Sales taxes 34,819,341 - 34,819,341 Transient occupancy tax (TOT) 7,062,150 - 7,062,150 Utility user tax (UUT) 4,103,906 - 4,103,906 Franchise tax 3,995,018 - 3,995,018 Other taxes 2,872,571 - 2,872,571 Motor vehicle license fee 62,072 - 62,072 Investment earnings 2,801,930 155,921 2,957,851 Miscellaneous 444,339 - 444,339 Total General Revenues 88,050,966 155,921 88,206,887 Transfers (296,481) 296,481 - Changes in Net Position 28,225,011 ( 254,569) 27,970,442 Net Position - Beginning, as restated (Note 14)359,883,949 10,679,106 370,563,055 Net Position - Ending 388,108,960$ 10,424,537$ 398,533,497$ Net (Expense) Revenue and Changes in Net Position City of Cupertino Statement of Activities (Continued) For the Year Ended June 30, 2023 See accompanying Notes to the Basic Financial Statements 31 60 CC 07-09-2024 60 of 376 This page intentionally left blank. 32 61 CC 07-09-2024 61 of 376 Capital Improvement Projects Capital Projects Fund -This fund accounts for activities related to the acquisition or construction of major capital facilities. GOVERNMENTAL FUND FINANCIAL STATEMENTS General Fund - This fund is the general operating fund of the City and is used to pay for core services such as public safety, parks and recreation, community development, public works, and a host of other vital services. The revenue used to pay for these services comes primarily from local taxes such as sales tax, property tax, franchise fees, charges for services, and a variety of other discretionary sources. It also accounts for activities related to the City’s investment portfolio. It is used to account for all financial resources except those that are required to be accounted for in another fund. Transportation Special Revenue Fund - This fund accounts for the City's gas tax, vehicle registration fees, and grant revenues and expenditures related to the maintenance and construction of City streets. All revenue in this fund is restricted exclusively for street and road purposes, including related engineering and administrative expenditures. Housing Development Special Revenue Fund - This fund accounts for the Federal Housing and Community development Grant Program activities administered through the County, including rehabilitation loans. Monies collected from developers that mitigate the impact of housing needs are also included. Monies in this fund are governed by the program's rules. Public Facilities Corporation Debt Service Fund -This fund accounts for the payments of principal and interest on certificates of participation issued to provide for the financing of the Civic Center, Library, Wilson Park, Memorial Park, and other City facilities. In the Fund Financial Statements only individual major funds are presented, while nonmajor funds are combined in a single column. Major funds are defined generally as having significant activities or balances in the current year. The funds described below were determined to be Major Funds by the City for the fiscal year 2022-23. Individual nonmajor funds can be found in the Supplementary Section. 33 62 CC 07-09-2024 62 of 376 Housing General Transportation Development ASSETS Cash and investments 116,051,281$ 11,425,764$ 6,095,719$ Restricted cash and investments 19,088,859 - - Receivables: Accounts 13,762,883 255,483 97,332 Interest 550,744 40,067 21,334 Loans, net 970,962 - 5,402,316 Leases 2,493,039 - - Due from other funds 1,395,657 - - Advances to other funds 3,000,000 - - Inventories 21,383 - - Prepaid items 8,243 - - Other assets 3,884 - - Total assets 157,346,935 11,721,314 11,616,701 LIABILITIES, DEFERRED INFLOWS OF RESOURCES, AND FUND BALANCES Liabilities: Accounts payable and accruals 6,206,007 1,134,640 124,094 Accrued payroll and benefits 602,349 - - Advances from other funds - - - Deposits 8,645,547 - - Unearned revenue 158,400 - - Total liabilities 15,612,303 1,134,640 124,094 Deferred inflows of resources: Leases 2,379,733 - - Unavailable revenue 798,561 - - Total deferred inflows of resources 3,178,294 - - Fund balances: Nonspendable 4,000,588 - - Restricted 19,088,859 10,586,674 11,492,607 Committed 34,127,891 - - Assigned 9,735,187 - - Unassigned 71,603,813 - - Total fund balances 138,556,338 10,586,674 11,492,607 Total liabilities, deferred inflows of resources, and fund balances 157,346,935$ 11,721,314$ 11,616,701$ Continued) Special Revenue Funds City of Cupertino Balance Sheet June 30, 2023 Governmental Funds See accompanying Notes to the Basic Financial Statements 34 63 CC 07-09-2024 63 of 376 Public Capital Facilities Improvement Corporation Projects Nonmajor Total Debt Capital Governmental Governmental Service Fund Projects Fund Funds Funds ASSETS Cash and investments 1,750$ 38,141,292$ 24,916,749$ 196,632,555$ Restricted cash and investments - - - 19,088,859 Receivables: Accounts - 74,431 15,134 14,205,263 Interest - - 87,221 699,366 Loans, net - - - 6,373,278 Leases - - - 2,493,039 Due from other funds - - - 1,395,657 Advances to other funds - - - 3,000,000 Inventories - - - 21,383 Prepaid items - - - 8,243 Other assets - - - 3,884 Total assets 1,750 38,215,723 25,019,104 243,921,527 LIABILITIES, DEFERRED INFLOWS OF RESOURCES, AND FUND BALANCES Liabilities: Accounts payable and accruals - 364,825 114,116 7,943,682 Accrued payroll and benefits - - - 602,349 Advances from other funds - 3,000,000 - 3,000,000 Deposits - - - 8,645,547 Unearned revenue - 9,273 - 167,673 Total liabilities - 3,374,098 114,116 20,359,251 Deferred inflows of resources: Leases - - - 2,379,733 Unavailable revenue - 74,431 - 872,992 Total deferred inflows of resources - 74,431 - 3,252,725 Fund balances: Nonspendable - - - 4,000,588 Restricted 1,750 - 24,747,645 65,917,535 Committed - - - 34,127,891 Assigned - 34,767,194 157,343 44,659,724 Unassigned - - - 71,603,813 Total fund balances 1,750 34,767,194 24,904,988 220,309,551 Total liabilities, deferred inflows of resources, and fund balances 1,750$ 38,215,723$ 25,019,104$ 243,921,527$ Concluded) City of Cupertino Balance Sheet (Continued) Governmental Funds June 30, 2023 See accompanying Notes to the Basic Financial Statements 35 64 CC 07-09-2024 64 of 376 This page intentionally left blank. 36 65 CC 07-09-2024 65 of 376 Total Fund Balances - Total Governmental Funds 220,309,551$ Nondepreciable, net of $119,408 reported in the Internal Service Fund 112,877,101$ Depreciable and amortizable, net of $2,789,976 reported in the Internal Service Fund 103,381,479 216,258,580 Bonds payable (16,065,000) Premium on bonds payable (2,784,711) Deferred charges on refunding 159,478 1,828,796) Interest payable (53,550) 4,692,670) Claims liability, net of $1,654,000 reported in the Internal Service Funds (568,786) (25,834,035) 16,081,434$ 49,542,045) 121,876) (33,582,487) 5,448,074$ 513,903) 2,016,757) 2,917,414 872,992 7,166,945 Net Position of Governmental Activities 388,108,960$ City of Cupertino Reconciliation of the Governmental Funds Balance Sheet to the June 30, 2023 Government-Wide Statement of Net Position Amounts reported for governmental activities in the Statement of Net Position were reported differently because: Long-term liabilities are not due and payable in the current period and accordingly are not reported as fund liabilities. All liabilities, both current and long-term, are reported in the Statement of Net Position: Capital assets used in governmental activities were not current financial resources. Therefore, they were not reported in the Governmental Funds Balance Sheet. Internal Service Funds were used by management to charge the costs of certain activities, such as insurance and equipment replacement to individual funds. The assets and liabilities of the Internal Service Funds were included in the governmental activities in the Government-Wide Statement of Net Position. Revenue reported as unavailable revenue in the governmental funds when it is not received soon enough after year-end to be considered available. The availability criteria does not apply to the Government-Wide Financial Statements and, therefore, the revenue is recognized when eligibility requirements are met and earned. Net pension liabilities and the related deferred outflows of resources and deferred inflows of resources are not due and payable in the current period or not available for current expenditures and are not reported in the governmental fund financial statements: Net other postemployment benefit liability and the related deferred outflows of resources and deferred inflows of resources are not due and payable in the current period or not available for current expenditures and are not reported in the governmental fund financial statements: Pension related deferred outflows of resources, net of $1,212,633 reported in the Internal Service Funds Pension related deferred inflows of resources, net of $9,190 reported in the Internal Service Funds Aggregate net pension liability, net of $3,735,756 reported in the Internal Service Funds Subscription liabilities, net of $198,494 reported in the Internal Services Funds Compensated absences, net of $388,890 reported in the Internal Service Fund Other postemployment benefits related deferred outflows of resources, net of $410,644 reported in the Internal Service Funds Other postemployment benefits related deferred inflows of resources, net of $152,012 reported in the Internal Service Funds Net Other postemployment benefits liability, net of $38,735 reported in the Internal Service Funds See accompanying Notes to the Basic Financial Statements 37 66 CC 07-09-2024 66 of 376 Housing General Transportation Development Revenues: Taxes 83,341,842$ -$ 170,824$ Use of money and property 3,033,683 211,271 194,096 Intergovernmental 7,771,411 3,385,823 196,616 Licenses and permits 4,093,631 - - Charges for services 11,113,598 34,012 1,640 Fines and forfeitures 303,573 - - Other revenue 1,306,455 2,000 28,082 Total revenues 110,964,193 3,633,106 591,258 Expenditures: Current: Administration 7,602,232 - - Law enforcement 15,276,950 - - Innovation and technology 1,825,667 - - Administrative services 5,976,301 - - Recreation services 5,432,183 - - Community development 10,666,834 - 1,026,720 Public works 23,879,927 2,726,550 - Capital outlay 1,263,412 4,950,786 - Debt service: Principal 626,181 - - Interest and fiscal charges 18,540 - - Total expenditures 72,568,227 7,677,336 1,026,720 Excess of revenues over expenditures - 38,395,966 (4,044,230) ( 435,462) Other financing sources (uses): Inception of subscription liability 964,745 - - Transfers in 861,140 3,000,000 25,000 Transfers out (12,344,345) (197,491) - Total other financing sources (uses)(10,518,460) 2,802,509 25,000 Net Change in Fund Balances 27,877,506 (1,241,721) ( 410,462) Fund balances: Beginning of year, as restated (Note 14) 110,678,832 11,828,395 11,903,069 End of year 138,556,338$ 10,586,674$ 11,492,607$ Continued) Special Revenue Funds City of Cupertino Statement of Revenues, Expenditures, and Changes in Fund Balances Governmental Funds For the Year Ended June 30, 2023 See accompanying Notes to the Basic Financial Statements 38 67 CC 07-09-2024 67 of 376 Public Capital Facilities Improvement Corporation Projects Nonmajor Total Debt Capital Governmental Governmental Service Fund Projects Fund Funds Funds Revenues: Taxes -$ -$ 720,679$ 84,233,345$ Use of money and property (5,100) ( 326,691) 314,847 3,422,106 Intergovernmental - 515,814 - 11,869,664 Licenses and permits - - - 4,093,631 Charges for services - 51,675 1,541,027 12,741,952 Fines and forfeitures - - 23,371 326,944 Other revenue - 56,522 - 1,393,059 Total revenues (5,100) 297,320 2,599,924 118,080,701 Expenditures: Current: Administration 1,500 - - 7,603,732 Law enforcement - - - 15,276,950 Innovation and technology - - - 1,825,667 Administrative services - - - 5,976,301 Recreation services - - - 5,432,183 Community development - - - 11,693,554 Public works - - 1,615,379 28,221,856 Capital outlay - 4,417,593 1,901,525 12,533,316 Debt service: Principal 1,955,000 - - 2,581,181 Interest and fiscal charges 720,800 - - 739,340 Total expenditures 2,677,300 4,417,593 3,516,904 91,884,080 Excess of revenues over expenditures (2,682,400) (4,120,273) (916,980) 26,196,621 Other financing sources (uses): Inception of subscription liability - - - 964,745 Transfers in 2,675,800 4,788,757 - 11,350,697 Transfers out - (823,600) (1,711,140) (15,076,576) Total other financing sources (uses)2,675,800 3,965,157 (1,711,140) (2,761,134) Net Change in Fund Balances (6,600) ( 155,116) (2,628,120) 23,435,487 Fund balances: Beginning of year, as restated (Note 14) 8,350 34,922,310 27,533,108 196,874,064 End of year 1,750$ 34,767,194$ 24,904,988$ 220,309,551$ Concluded) City of Cupertino Statement of Revenues, Expenditures, and Changes in Fund Balances (Continued) Governmental Funds For the Year Ended June 30, 2023 See accompanying Notes to the Basic Financial Statements 39 68 CC 07-09-2024 68 of 376 Net Change in Fund Balances - Total Governmental Funds 23,435,487$ Capital outlay, net of $527,793 reported in Internal Service Fund 11,622,819$ Depreciation amortization, net of $904,610 reported in Internal Service Funds (8,327,056) Net effect on disposal of capital assets (476,537) 2,819,226 872,992 Bonds payable 1,955,000$ Subscription liabiltiies, net of $109,339 reported in the Internal Service Funds 626,181 2,581,181 53,550) 424,249 964,745) 322,269) 568,786) 1,244,041) 4,686) 1,249,953 Change in Net Position of Governmental Activities 28,225,011$ Internal Service Funds are used by management to charge the costs of certain activities, such as insurance and equipment replacement, to individual funds. The net revenue of the Internal Service Funds is reported in governmental activities. Certain pension expenses reported in the Statement of Activities do not require the use of current financial resources and, therefore, are not reported as expenditures in governmental funds, net of $325,644 reported in Internal Service Funds. Certain OPEB expenses reported in the Statement of Activities do not require the use of current financial resources and, therefore, are not reported as expenditures in governmental funds net of $21,395 reported in Internal Service Funds. Compensated absences were reported in the Government-Wide Statement of Activities,but they did not require the use of current financial resources. Therefore, compensated absences were not reported as expenditures in the governmental funds. Compensated absences is net of $68,970 reported in the Internal Service Funds. Net change in revenues that was considered unavailable in the governmental funds. These items have been reported as revenue in the Statement of Activities. Amortization of bond premium and deferred charges were recognized in interest expense on the Government-Wide Statement of Activities, but did not require the use of current financial resources. Therefore amortization of bond discount was not reported as an expenditure in the governmental funds. Interest accrued on long-term debt is reported in the Statement of Activities, but does not require the use of current financial resources. Therefore, accrued interest is not reported as an expenditure in governmental funds. This amount represents the change in accrued interest from the prior year. Certain claims expenses reported in the Statement of Activities do not require the use of current financial resources and, therefore, are not reported as expenditures in governmental funds net of $85,000 reported in Internal Service Funds. Inception of subscription liability, net of $24,865 reported in the Internal Service Funds. Capital assets used in governmental activities are not financial resources and therefore are not reported in governmental funds. Governmental activities in the Statement of Activities were reported differently because: City of Cupertino Reconciliation of the Governmental Funds Statement of Revenues, Expenditures, and Changes For the Year Ended June 30, 2023 in Fund Balances to the Government-Wide Statement of Activities See accompanying Notes to the Basic Financial Statements 40 69 CC 07-09-2024 69 of 376 PROPRIETARY FUND FINANCIAL STATEMENTS Resources Recovery Fund -This fund accounts for activity related to the collection, disposal, and recycling of solid waste.A private company has been issued an exclusive franchise to perform these services. Recreation Programs Fund - This fund accounts for activities of the City's community centers and park facilities. Cupertino Sports Center Fund - This fund accounts for the operation and maintenance of the Cupertino Sports Center. Proprietary funds account for City operations financed and operated a in manner similar to a private business enterprise. The intent of the City is that the cost of providing goods and services be financed primarily through user charges. The City has identified the funds below as major proprietary funds for fiscal year 2022-2023. 41 70 CC 07-09-2024 70 of 376 Cupertino Resources Recreation Sports Recovery Programs Center ASSETS Current assets: Cash and investments 5,351,316$ 3,484,602$ 1,639,687$ Accounts receivable 222,326 41,981 1,000 Interest receivable 18,754 12,210 5,732 Total current assets 5,592,396 3,538,793 1,646,419 Noncurrent assets: Capital assets: Nondepreciable - 220,888 - Depreciable and amortizable, net - 492,149 1,241,170 Total noncurrent assets - 713,037 1,241,170 Total assets 5,592,396 4,251,830 2,887,589 DEFERRED OUTFLOWS OF RESOURCES Related to pensions 326,269 241,077 163,134 Related to other postemployment benefit 104,839 106,877 81,087 Total deferred outflows of resources 431,108 347,954 244,221 Business-Type Activities - Enterprise Funds City of Cupertino Statement of Net Position Proprietary Funds June 30, 2023 See accompanying Notes to the Basic Financial Statements 42 71 CC 07-09-2024 71 of 376 Governmental Activities Nonmajor Internal Enterprise Service Fund Total Funds ASSETS Current assets: Cash and investments 896,941$ 11,372,546$ 8,939,014$ Accounts receivable 1,829 267,136 1,385,759 Interest receivable 3,136 39,832 32,794 Total current assets 901,906 11,679,514 10,357,567 Noncurrent assets: Capital assets: Nondepreciable 137,343 358,231 119,408 Depreciable and amortizable, net 18,042 1,751,361 2,789,976 Total noncurrent assets 155,385 2,109,592 2,909,384 Total assets 1,057,291 13,789,106 13,266,951 DEFERRED OUTFLOWS OF RESOURCES Related to pensions 101,506 831,986 1,212,633 Related to other postemployment benefit 18,479 311,282 410,644 Total deferred outflows of resources 119,985 1,143,268 1,623,277 Business-Type Activities Enterprise Funds City of Cupertino Statement of Net Position (Continued) Proprietary Funds June 30, 2023 See accompanying Notes to the Basic Financial Statements 43 72 CC 07-09-2024 72 of 376 Cupertino Resources Recreation Sports Recovery Programs Center LIABILITIES Current liabilities: Accounts payable and accruals 98,762 244,711 112,984 Accrued payroll and benefits 289 - - Due to other funds - - - Compensated absences 3,062 4,623 2,349 Claims payable Unearned revenue - 488,175 517,481 Subscription liabilities - - - Total current liabilities 102,113 737,509 632,814 Noncurrent liabilities: Compensated absences 61,214 92,416 46,962 Claims payable - - - Net pension liability 1,005,136 742,684 502,568 Net other postemployment benefit liability 9,889 10,081 7,649 Subscription liabilities - - - Total noncurrent liabilities 1,076,239 845,181 557,179 Total liabilities 1,178,352 1,582,690 1,189,993 DEFERRED INFLOWS OF RESOURCES Related to pensions 2,473 1,827 1,236 Related to other postemployment benefit 38,809 39,564 30,017 Total deferred inflows of resources 41,282 41,391 31,253 NET POSITION Net investment in capital assets - 713,037 1,241,170 Restricted 56,141 57,232 43,421 Unrestricted 4,747,729 2,205,434 625,973 Total net position 4,803,870$ 2,975,703$ 1,910,564$ Continued) Business-Type Activities - Enterprise Funds City of Cupertino Statement of Net Position (Continued) Proprietary Funds June 30, 2023 See accompanying Notes to the Basic Financial Statements 44 73 CC 07-09-2024 73 of 376 Governmental Activities Nonmajor Internal Enterprise Service Fund Total Funds LIABILITIES Current liabilities: Accounts payable and accruals 18,976 475,433 150,477 Accrued payroll and benefits - 289 72 Due to other funds - - 1,395,657 Compensated absences 458 10,492 38,354 Claims payable - - 292,000 Unearned revenue 92,223 1,097,879 - Subscription liabilities - - 125,990 Total current liabilities 111,657 1,584,093 2,002,550 Noncurrent liabilities: Compensated absences 9,157 209,749 350,536 Claims payable - - 1,362,000 Net pension liability 312,709 2,563,097 3,735,756 Net other postemployment benefit liability 1,743 29,362 38,735 Subscription liabilities - - 72,504 Total noncurrent liabilities 323,609 2,802,208 5,559,531 Total liabilities 435,266 4,386,301 7,562,081 DEFERRED INFLOWS OF RESOURCES Related to pensions 769 6,305 9,190 Related to other postemployment benefit 6,841 115,231 152,012 Total deferred inflows of resources 7,610 121,536 161,202 NET POSITION Net investment in capital assets 155,385 2,109,592 2,789,976 Restricted 9,895 166,689 410,644 Unrestricted 569,120 8,148,256 3,966,325 Total net position 734,400$ 10,424,537$ 7,166,945$ Concluded) Business-Type Activities Enterprise Funds City of Cupertino Statement of Net Position (Continued) Proprietary Funds June 30, 2023 See accompanying Notes to the Basic Financial Statements 45 74 CC 07-09-2024 74 of 376 Cupertino Resources Recreation Sports Recovery Programs Center OPERATING REVENUES: Charges for services 1,673,401$ 1,591,303$ 2,756,264$ Other 98,851 151,139 361,316 TOTAL OPERATING REVENUES 1,772,252 1,742,442 3,117,580 OPERATING EXPENSES: Salaries and benefits 487,020 482,651 355,109 Materials and supplies 284,671 261,484 448,263 Contractual services 1,266,109 870,494 2,541,729 Insurance and claims and premium - - - Depreciation and amortization 513 47,057 111,438 TOTAL OPERATING EXPENSES 2,038,313 1,661,686 3,456,539 OPERATING INCOME (LOSS)(266,061) 80,756 (338,959) NONOPERATING REVENUES (EXPENSES): Investment income (loss) 58,933 45,346 14,356 Gain on sale of capital assets - - - Interest expense - - - Total Nonoperating Income (Expenses)58,933 45,346 14,356 NET INCOME (LOSS) BEFORE TRANSFERS AND CAPITAL CONTRIBUTIONS (207,128) 126,102 ( 324,603) TRANSFERS AND CAPITAL CONTRIBUTIONS: Transfers in - 376,000 - Transfers out - (103,119) - TOTAL TRANSFERS AND CAPITAL CONTRIBUTIONS - 272,881 - CHANGES IN NET POSITION (207,128) 398,983 ( 324,603) NET POSITION: Beginning of year 5,010,998 2,576,720 2,235,167 End of year 4,803,870$ 2,975,703$ 1,910,564$ Continued) Business-Type Activities - Enterprise Funds City of Cupertino Statement of Revenues, Expenses, and Changes in Net Position Proprietary Funds For the Year Ended June 30, 2023 See accompanying Notes to the Basic Financial Statements 46 75 CC 07-09-2024 75 of 376 Activities Nonmajor Internal Enterprise Service Fund Total Funds OPERATING REVENUES: Charges for services 570,038$ 6,591,006$ 4,606,283$ Other 46,423 657,729 1,385,759 TOTAL OPERATING REVENUES 616,461 7,248,735 5,992,042 OPERATING EXPENSES: Salaries and benefits 233,013 1,557,793 4,289,604 Materials and supplies 208,348 1,202,766 1,279,946 Contractual services 354,975 5,033,307 617,432 Insurance and claims and premium - - 1,086,999 Depreciation and amortization 2,832 161,840 904,610 TOTAL OPERATING EXPENSES 799,168 7,955,706 8,178,591 OPERATING INCOME (LOSS)(182,707) (706,971) ( 2,186,549) NONOPERATING REVENUES (EXPENSES): Investment income (loss) 37,286 155,921 (22,193) Gain on sale of capital assets - - 30,158 Interest expense - - (861) Total Nonoperating Income (Expenses)37,286 155,921 7,104 NET INCOME (LOSS) BEFORE TRANSFERS AND CAPITAL CONTRIBUTIONS (145,421) (551,050) ( 2,179,445) TRANSFERS AND CAPITAL CONTRIBUTIONS: Transfers in 23,600 399,600 3,429,398 Transfers out - (103,119) - TOTAL TRANSFERS AND CAPITAL CONTRIBUTIONS 23,600 296,481 3,429,398 CHANGES IN NET POSITION (121,821) (254,569) 1,249,953 NET POSITION: Beginning of year 856,221 10,679,106 5,916,992 End of year 734,400$ 10,424,537$ 7,166,945$ Concluded) Enterprise Funds City of Cupertino Statement of Revenues, Expenses, and Changes in Net Position (Continued) Proprietary Funds For the Year Ended June 30, 2023 See accompanying Notes to the Basic Financial Statements 47 76 CC 07-09-2024 76 of 376 Cupertino Resources Recreation Sports Recovery Programs Center CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES Cash received from customers and users 1,596,163$ 1,795,593$ 3,099,825$ Cash paid to suppliers for goods and services (1,553,924) (1,121,474) (2,939,258) Cash paid to employees for services (664,327) ( 705,749) (491,404) Recovery for insurance claims - - - Net Cash Provided by (Used in) Operating Activities (622,088) ( 31,630) (330,837) CASH FLOWS FROM NONCAPITAL FINANCING ACTIVITIES: Cash received from (paid to) other funds - 272,881 - Net Cash Provided by (Used in) Noncapital Financing Activities - 272,881 - CASH FLOWS FROM CAPITAL AND RELATED FINANCING ACTIVITIES: Acquisition of capital assets - (36,220) (8,300) Principal paid - - - Interest paid - - - Proceed from sale of capital assets - - - Net Cash (Used in) Capital and Related Financing Activities - (36,220) (8,300) CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES: Investment income (loss) 40,179 33,136 8,624 Net Cash (Used in) Provided by Investing Activities 40,179 33,136 8,624 Net Change In Cash and Cash Equivalents (581,909) 238,167 (330,513) CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS: Beginning of year 5,933,225 3,246,435 1,970,200 End of year 5,351,316$ 3,484,602 1,639,687$ CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS: Cash and investments 5,351,316$ 3,484,602$ 1,639,687$ Total cash and cash equivalents 5,351,316$ 3,484,602$ 1,639,687$ Continued) Business-Type Activities - Enterprise Funds City of Cupertino Statement of Cash Flows Proprietary Funds For the Year Ended June 30, 2023 See accompanying Notes to the Basic Financial Statements 48 77 CC 07-09-2024 77 of 376 Governmental Activities Nonmajor Internal Enterprise Service Fund Total Funds CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES Cash received from customers and users 612,394$ 7,103,975$ 4,606,283$ Cash paid to suppliers for goods and services (582,924) (6,197,580) (2,952,729) Cash paid to employees for services (245,311) (2,106,791) (3,873,595) Recovery for insurance claims - - 85,000 Net Cash Provided by (Used in) Operating Activities (215,841) (1,200,396) (2,135,041) CASH FLOWS FROM NONCAPITAL FINANCING ACTIVITIES: Cash received from (paid to) other funds 23,600 296,481 4,285,851 Net Cash Provided by (Used in) Noncapital Financing Activities 23,600 296,481 4,285,851 CASH FLOWS FROM CAPITAL AND RELATED FINANCING ACTIVITIES: Acquisition of capital assets (137,343) ( 181,863) (527,793) Principal paid - - (109,339) Interest paid - - (861) Proceed from sale of capital assets - - 30,158 Net Cash (Used in) Capital and Related Financing Activities (137,343) ( 181,863) (607,835) CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES: Investment income (loss) 34,150 116,089 (54,987) Net Cash (Used in) Provided by Investing Activities 34,150 116,089 (54,987) Net Change In Cash and Cash Equivalents (295,434) ( 969,689) 1,487,988 CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS: Beginning of year 1,192,375 12,342,235 7,451,026 End of year 896,941$ 11,372,546$ 8,939,014$ CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS: Cash and investments 896,941$ 11,372,546$ 8,939,014$ Total cash and cash equivalents 896,941$ 11,372,546$ 8,939,014$ Concluded) Enterprise Funds Business-Type Activities City of Cupertino Statement of Cash Flows (Continued) Proprietary Funds For the Year Ended June 30, 2023 See accompanying Notes to the Basic Financial Statements 49 78 CC 07-09-2024 78 of 376 Cupertino Resources Recreation Sports Recovery Programs Center Reconciliation of Operating Income (Loss) to Net Cash Provided by (Used in) Operating Activities: Operating income (loss) (266,061)$ 80,756$ (338,959)$ Adjustments to reconcile to net cash provided by Operating activities: Depreciation and amortization 513 47,057 111,438 Changes in assets and liabilities: Increase)/decrease in accounts receivables (92,396) (41,423) - Increase)/decrease in deferred outflows of resources related to pensions (113,387) ( 65,682) (44,533) Increase)/decrease in deferred outflows of resources related to OPEB (8,356) ( 39,534) (2,110) Increase/(decrease) in accounts payable (3,144) 10,504 50,734 Increase/(decrease) in unearned revenue (83,693) 94,574 (17,755) Increase/(decrease) in compensated absences 4,740 5,528 2,627 Increase/(decrease) in claims payable - - - Increase/(decrease) in net pension liabilities 123,045 2,046 17,988 Increase/(decrease) in other postemployment benefit liabilities 14,890 46,933 64,861 Increase/(decrease) in deferred inflows of resources related to pensions (186,791) ( 150,417) (128,578) Increase/(decrease) in deferred inflows of resources related to OPEB (11,448) ( 21,972) (46,550) Net Cash Provided by (Used in) Operating Activities (622,088)$ (31,630)$ (330,837)$ Continued) City of Cupertino For the Year Ended June 30, 2023 Business-Type Activities - Enterprise Funds Statement of Cash Flows (Continued) Proprietary Funds See accompanying Notes to the Basic Financial Statements 50 79 CC 07-09-2024 79 of 376 Governmental Activities Nonmajor Internal Enterprise Service Fund Toals Funds Reconciliation of Operating Income (Loss) to Net Cash Provided by (Used in) Operating Activities: Operating income (loss) (182,707)$ (706,971)$ (2,186,549)$ Adjustments to reconcile to net cash provided by Operating activities: Depreciation and amortization 2,832 161,840 904,610 Changes in assets and liabilities: Increase)/decrease in accounts receivables (1,659) (135,478) (1,385,759) Increase)/decrease in deferred outflows of resources related to pensions (42,810) (266,412) (693,504) Increase)/decrease in deferred outflows of resources related to OPEB (5,380) (55,380) (64,342) Increase/(decrease) in accounts payable (19,601) 38,493 31,648 Increase/(decrease) in unearned revenue (2,408) ( 9,282) - Increase/(decrease) in compensated absences (9,290) 3,605 68,970 Increase/(decrease) in claims payable - - 85,000 Increase/(decrease) in net pension liabilities 62,474 205,553 1,809,813 Increase/(decrease) in other postemployment benefit liabilities 1,743 128,427 119,864 Increase/(decrease) in deferred inflows of resources related to pensions (25,876) ( 491,662) (790,665) Increase/(decrease) in deferred inflows of resources related to OPEB 6,841 ( 73,129) (34,127) Net Cash Provided by (Used in) Operating Activities (215,841)$ (1,200,396)$ (2,135,041)$ Concluded) City of Cupertino For the Year Ended June 30, 2023 Business-Type Activities Enterprise Funds Statement of Cash Flows (Continued) Proprietary Funds See accompanying Notes to the Basic Financial Statements 51 80 CC 07-09-2024 80 of 376 This page intentionally left blank. 52 81 CC 07-09-2024 81 of 376 53 NOTES TO THE BASIC FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 82 CC 07-09-2024 82 of 376 54 This page intentionally left blank. 83 CC 07-09-2024 83 of 376 City of Cupertino Index to the Notes to the Basic Financial Statements For the Year Ended June 30, 2023 55 Page Note 1 – Summary of Significant Accounting Policies 57 A. Financial Reporting Entity 57 B. Basis of Presentation 58 C. Measurement Focus, Basis of Accounting and Financial Statements Presentation 58 D. Cash, Cash Equivalents, and Investments 61 E. Fair Value Measurements 62 F. Receivables 62 G. Leases Receivables 62 H. Inventories 63 I. Prepaid Items 63 J. Interfund Transactions 63 K. Capital Assets 63 L. Deferred Outflows of Resources and Deferred Inflows of Resources 64 M. Interest Payable 64 N. Unearned Revenue 64 O. Compensated Absences 65 P. Claims and Judgement Payable 65 Q. Subscription Liabilities 65 R. Long- Term Debt 65 S. Pensions 66 T. Other Postemployment Benefits (“OPEB”) Plan 66 U. Net Position 67 V. Fund Balances 67 W. Property Taxes 68 X. Use of Estimates 68 Y. Implementation of New GASB Pronouncements 69 Z. Upcoming New GANB Pronouncements 69 Note 2 – Cash and Investments 70 A. Deposits 71 B. Investments Authorized by the California Government Code and the City’s Investment Policy 72 C. Investments Authorized by Debt Agreements 73 D. Risk Disclosures 73 E. Fair Value Measurement Disclosure 76 F. Investment in Local Agency Investment Fund (LAIF) 76 Note 3 – Loans Receivable 77 Note 84 CC 07-09-2024 84 of 376 City of Cupertino Index to the Notes to the Basic Financial Statements (Continued) For the Year Ended June 30, 2023 56 Page Note 6 – Capital Assets 80 A. Governmental Activities 80 B. Business-Type Activities 81 Note 7 – Long- Term Liabilities 82 A. Governmental Activities 82 B. Business-Type Activities 84 Note 8 – Defined Benefit Pension Plan 84 A. General Information about the Pension Plan 84 B. Net Pension Liability 86 C. Changes in the Net Pension Liability 88 Note 9 – Other Post Employment Benefits ( OPEB) 90 A. General Information about the OPEB Plan 90 B. Net OPEB Liability 91 C. Change in Net OPEB Liability 94 D. OPEB Expense and Deferred Inflows of Resources Related to OPEB 95 Note 10 – Liabilities Under Self-Insurance and Risk Management 95 Note 11 – Net Position and Fund Balances 96 A. Net Investment in Capital Assets 96 B. Fund Balance Classifications 97 Note 12 – Commitments and Contingencies 97 A. Federal and State Grants 97 B. Encumbrances 98 C. Consulting Agreement for Sales Taxes 98 D. Santa Clara County Vehicle Registration Fee ( VRF) 98 E. Unasserted Claim 85 CC 07-09-2024 85 of 376 City of Cupertino Notes to the Basic Financial Statements For the Year Ended June 30, 2023 57 Note 1 – Summary of Significant Accounting Policies A. Financial Reporting Entity The City of Cupertino, California (the “City”) was incorporated on October 3, 1955, under the laws of the State of California. The City operates under a Council - City Manager form of government and provides services through the following departments: Administrative Services, Community Development, City Manager, Parks and Recreation, Innovation and Technology, and Public Works. Fire services are provided by the Santa Clara County Fire District, and the City contracts with the Santa Clara County Sheriff’s Department for police services, and with Recology for garbage and recycling services. The accompanying basic financial statements include all funds and boards and commissions that are controlled by the City Council. The basic financial statements include the City's blended component unit entity for which the City is considered to be financially accountable. A blended component unit, although a legally separate entity, is in substance, part of the City's operations and so data from this unit is combined with the City. Blended Component Unit In evaluating how to define the City for financial reporting purposes, management has considered all potential component units. The primary criteria for including a potential component unit within the reporting entity are the governing body’s financial accountability and a financial benefit or burden relationship and whether it is misleading to exclude. A primary government is financially accountable and shares a financial benefit or burden relationship, if it appoints a voting majority of an organization’s governing body and it is able to impose its will on the organization, or if there is a potential for the organization to provide specific financial benefits to, or impose specific financial burdens on the primary government. A primary government may also be financially accountable if an organization is fiscally dependent on the primary government regardless of whether the organization has a separately elected governing board, a governing board appointed by a higher level of government, or a jointly appointed board, and there is a potential for the organization to provide specific financial benefits to, or impose specific financial burdens on the primary government. Management determined that the following component unit should be blended based on the criteria above: Although the following is legally separate from the City, it has been “blended” as though it is part of the City because the component unit’s governing body is substantially the same as the City’s and there is a financial benefit or burden relationship between the City and the component unit; management of the City has operational responsibilities for the component unit; and/or the component unit provides services entirely, or almost entirely, to the City or otherwise exclusively, or almost exclusively, benefits the City, even though it does not provide services directly to it. The Cupertino Public Facilities Corporation (the “Corporation”) – The Corporation was incorporated in May 1986, under the Nonprofit Public Benefit Corporation Law of the State of California. The Corporation was organized as a nonprofit corporation solely for the purpose of assisting the City in the acquisition, construction, and financing of public improvements which are of public benefit to the City. The Corporation, after acquiring certain properties from the City, leases these back to the City. The lease money provides the funds for the debt service for the Certificates of Participation issued by the Corporation to acquire the properties. The Corporation does not issue separate financial statements, since it is reported separately in the City's basic financial statements. The City had no discretely presented component units. 86 CC 07-09-2024 86 of 376 City of Cupertino Notes to the Basic Financial Statements (Continued) For the Year Ended June 30, 2023 58 Note 1 – Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Continued) B. Basis of Presentation Financial statement presentation follows the recommendations promulgated by the Governmental Accounting Standards Board (“GASB”) commonly referred to as accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“U.S. GAAP”). GASB is the accepted standard-setting body for establishing governmental accounting and financial reporting standards. C. Measurement Focus, Basis of Accounting and Financial Statements Presentation The accounts of the City are organized on the basis of funds, each of which is considered a separate accounting entity. The operations of each fund are accounted for by providing a separate set of self-balancing accounts that comprise its assets, liabilities, fund equity, revenues and expenditures or expenses, as appropriate. Fund accounting segregates funds according to their intended purpose and is used to aid management in demonstrating compliance with finance-related legal and contractual provisions. The minimum number of funds is maintained in accordance with legal and managerial requirements. Government-wide Statements The City’s Government-Wide Financial Statements include a Statement of Net Position and a Statement of Activities. These statements present summaries of governmental and business-type activities for the City accompanied by a total column. Fiduciary activities of the City are not included in these statements. These financial statements are presented on an “economic resources” measurement focus and the accrual basis of accounting. Accordingly, all of the City’s assets, deferred outflows of resources, liabilities, and deferred inflows of resources, including capital assets, as well as infrastructure assets, and long-term liabilities, are included in the accompanying Statement of Net Position. The Statement of Activities presents changes in net position. Under the accrual basis of accounting, revenues are recognized in the period in which they are earned while expenses are recognized in the period in which the liability is incurred. Certain types of transactions are reported as program revenues for the City in three categories: Charges for services Operating grants and contributions Capital grants and contributions Certain eliminations have been made in regards to interfund activities, payables and receivables. All internal balances in the Statement of Net Position have been eliminated except those representing balances between the governmental activities and the business-type activities, which are presented as internal balances and eliminated in the total primary government column. In the Statement of Activities and Changes in Net Position, internal service fund transactions have been eliminated; however, those transactions between governmental and business-type activities have not been eliminated. The following interfund activities have been eliminated: Due to/from other funds Transfers in/out 87 CC 07-09-2024 87 of 376 City of Cupertino Notes to the Basic Financial Statements (Continued) For the Year Ended June 30, 2023 59 Note 1 – Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Continued) C. Measurement Focus, Basis of Accounting and Financial Statements Presentation (Continued) Governmental Fund Financial Statements Governmental Fund Financial Statements include a Balance Sheet and a Statement of Revenues, Expenditures and Changes in Fund Balances for all major governmental funds and nonmajor funds aggregated. An accompanying schedule is presented to reconcile and explain the differences in net position as presented in these statements to the net position presented in the Government-Wide Financial Statements. The City has presented all major funds that met the applicable criteria. All governmental funds are accounted for on a spending or "current financial resources" measurement focus and the modified accrual basis of accounting. Accordingly, only current assets and current liabilities are included on the Balance Sheet. The Statement of Revenues, Expenditures and Changes in Fund Balances presents increases revenues and other financing sources) and decreases (expenditures and other financing uses) in net current assets. Under the modified accrual basis of accounting, revenues are recognized in the accounting period in which they become both “measurable” and “available” to finance expenditures of the current period. Revenues are recognized as soon as they are both “measurable” and “available”. Revenues are considered to be available when they are collectible within the current period as soon enough thereafter to pay liabilities of the current period. For this purpose, the City considers revenues to be available if they are collected within 60 days of the end of the current fiscal period. The primary revenue sources, which have been treated as susceptible to accrual by the City, are property taxes, sales tax, intergovernmental revenues and other taxes. Expenditures are recorded in the accounting period in which the related fund liability is incurred. The Reconciliation of the Fund Financial Statements to the Government-Wide Financial Statements is provided to explain the differences. The City reports the following major Governmental Funds: General Fund – The General Fund is the general operating fund of the City. It is used to account for all financial resources except those that are required to be accounted for in another fund. Housing Development Special Revenue Fund – The Housing Development Special Revenue Fund accounts for the Federal Housing and Community Development Grant Program activities administered through the County. Monies collected from developers that mitigate the impact of housing needs are also included. Monies in this fund are governed by the program's rules. Management considers this fund qualitatively major and has elected to present this fund as such, even if mathematically it does not qualify per applicable GASB requirements. Transportation Special Revenue Fund – The Transportation Special Revenue Fund accounts for the City's gas tax, vehicle registration fees and grant revenues and expenditures related to the maintenance and construction of City streets. All revenue in this fund is restricted exclusively for street and road purposes including related engineering and administrative expenses. Management considers this fund qualitatively major and has elected to present this fund as such, even if mathematically it does not qualify per applicable GASB requirements. Public Facilities Corporation Debt Service Fund – The Public Facilities Corporation Debt Service Fund accounts for the payments of principal and interest on certificates of participation issued to provide for the financing of City Hall, Library, Wilson Park, Memorial Park, and other City facilities. Management considers this fund qualitatively major and has elected to present this fund as such, even if mathematically it does not qualify per applicable GASB requirements. 88 CC 07-09-2024 88 of 376 City of Cupertino Notes to the Basic Financial Statements (Continued) For the Year Ended June 30, 2023 60 Note 1 – Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Continued) C. Measurement Focus, Basis of Accounting and Financial Statements Presentation (Continued) Governmental Fund Financial Statements (Continued) Capital Improvement Projects Capital Projects Fund – The Capital Improvement Projects Capital Projects Fund Accounts for activities related to the acquisition or construction of major capital facilities. Proprietary Fund Financial Statements Proprietary Fund Financial Statements include a Statement of Net Position, a Statement of Revenues, Expenses and Changes in Fund Net Position, and a Statement of Cash Flows for each major Proprietary Fund. A separate column representing internal service funds is also presented in these statements. However, internal service balances and activities have been combined with the governmental activities in the Government-Wide Financial Statements. The City’s internal service funds include two individual funds which provide services directly to other City funds. These areas of service include Central Garage and Print Shop. Proprietary funds are accounted for using the "economic resources" measurement focus and the accrual basis of accounting. Accordingly, all assets and liabilities (whether current or noncurrent) are included on the Statement of Net Position. The Statement of Revenues, Expenses and Changes in Fund Net Position presents increases (revenues) and decreases (expenses) in total net position. Under the accrual basis of accounting, revenues are recognized in the period in which they are earned while expenses are recognized in the period in which the liability is incurred. In these funds, receivables have been recorded as revenue and provisions have been made for uncollectible amounts. Operating revenues in the proprietary funds are those revenues that are generated from the primary operations of the fund. All other revenues are reported as nonoperating revenues. Operating expenses are those expenses that are essential to the primary operations of the fund. All other expenses are reported as nonoperating expenses. The City reports the following major proprietary funds: Resources Recovery Enterprise Fund - The Resources Recovery Enterprise Fund accounts for activity related to the collection, disposal, and recycling of solid waste. A private company has been issued an exclusive franchise to perform these services. Recreation Programs Enterprise Fund - The Recreation Programs Enterprise Fund accounts for activities of the City's community centers and park facilities. Cupertino Sports Center Enterprise Fund - The Cupertino Sports Center Enterprise Fund accounts for activities of the City’s sports center facility. The City also reports the following fund as proprietary fund type: Internal Service Funds. These funds account for management information systems maintenance and replacement, workers' compensation, equipment maintenance and replacement, accrued leave payouts, and long-term disability, retiree health costs, coverage which are provided to other departments on a cost- reimbursement basis. 89 CC 07-09-2024 89 of 376 City of Cupertino Notes to the Basic Financial Statements (Continued) For the Year Ended June 30, 2023 61 Note 1 – Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Continued) C. Measurement Focus, Basis of Accounting and Financial Statements Presentation (Continued) Basis of Accounting The government-wide and proprietary financial statements are reported using the economic resources measurement focus and the full accrual basis of accounting. Revenues are recorded when earned and expenses are recorded at the time liabilities are incurred, regardless of when the related cash flows take place. Governmental funds are reported using the current financial resources measurement focus and the modified accrual basis of accounting. Under this method, revenues are recognized when measurable and available. The City considers all revenues reported in the governmental funds to be available if the revenues are collected within sixty days after year-end. Expenditures are recorded when the related fund liability is incurred, except for principal and interest on long-term debt which are recognized as expenditures to the extent the City has provided financial resources to a debt service fund for payment of these liabilities that mature early in the following year. General capital asset acquisitions are reported as expenditures in governmental funds. Proceeds from long-term debt and acquisitions under capital leases are reported as other financing sources. Unearned revenues are considered on a full accrual basis, while unavailable revenues are based on the modified accrual measure. Property taxes, transient occupancy taxes, utility taxes, franchise taxes, interest and special assessments are susceptible to accrual. Other receipts and taxes are recognized as revenue when the cash is received. Sales taxes collected and held by the state at year end on behalf of the City are also recognized as revenue. Sales tax consultant payments which are contingent on revenues collected are netted against the related revenues. Under the terms of grant agreements, the City may fund certain programs with a combination of cost reimbursement grants, categorical block grants, and general revenue. The City's policy is to first apply restricted grant resources to such programs, followed by general revenues if necessary. Grant revenues are recognized after eligibility and billing occurs, but may be a deferred inflow if not received within sixty days of year-end. Because of the cost- reimbursement and recognition nature of some grants, certain capital project funds may carry deficit fund balances until billing and receipt of grants. The City may also front the capital outlays with cash advances from other funds. Non-exchange transactions, in which the City gives or receives value without directly receiving or giving equal value in exchange, include property taxes, grants, entitlements, and donations. On the accrual basis, revenue from property taxes is recognized in the fiscal year for which the taxes are levied or assessed. Revenue from grants is recognized as described above. Entitlement and donation revenues are recognized when cash is received. D. Cash, Cash Equivalents, and Investments The City pools its cash resources, consisting of cash and investments, of all funds for investment except for restricted funds generally held by an outside fiscal agent. Cash amounts are reported net of outstanding warrants. Investments are stated at fair value, except for money market mutual funds which are reported at amortized cost. Adjustments to fair value, as well as dividend and interest income received is recorded by the City in its governmental funds in the Use of money and property caption while proprietary funds report these items as Investment income. The statement of cash flows requires presentation of “cash and cash equivalents”. For the purposes of the statement of cash flows, the City considers all proprietary fund pooled cash and investments as “cash and cash equivalents”, as such funds are available to the various funds as needed. 90 CC 07-09-2024 90 of 376 City of Cupertino Notes to the Basic Financial Statements (Continued) For the Year Ended June 30, 2023 62 Note 1 – Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Continued) D. Cash, Cash Equivalents, and Investments (Continued) Certain disclosure requirements, if applicable, for Deposits and Investment Risks in the following areas: Interest Rate Risk Credit Risk Overall Custodial Credit Risk Concentration of Credit Risk Foreign Currency Risk In addition, other disclosures are specified including use of certain methods to present deposits and investments, highly sensitive investments, credit quality at year-end and other disclosures. E. Fair Value Measurements U.S. GAAP defines fair value, establishes a framework for measuring fair value and establishes disclosures about fair value measurement. Investments, unless otherwise specified, recorded at fair value in the financial statements, are categorized based upon the level of judgment associated with the inputs used to measure their fair value. Levels of inputs are as follows: The three levels of the fair value measurement hierarchy are described below: Level 1 - Inputs are unadjusted, quoted prices for identical assets or liabilities in active markets at the measurement date. Level 2 - Inputs, other than quoted prices included in Level 1, that are observable for the assets or liabilities through corroboration with market data at the measurement date. Level 3 - Unobservable inputs that reflect management’s best estimate of what market participants would use in pricing the assets or liabilities at the measurement date. If the fair value of an asset or liability is measured using inputs from more than one level of the fair value hierarchy, the measurement is considered to be based on the lowest priority level input that is significant to the entire measurement. F. Receivables Receivables include such items as taxes, intergovernmental revenues, charges for services, miscellaneous accounts receivable, and interest receivable. No allowance for doubtful accounts has been established, as the City believes all amounts are considered to be collectible in the normal course of business. G. Leases Receivables The City is a lessor for leases of buildings and land and recognizes leases receivable and deferred inflows of resources in the financial statements. Variable payments based on future performance or usage of the underlying asset are not included in the measurement of the lease receivable. 91 CC 07-09-2024 91 of 376 City of Cupertino Notes to the Basic Financial Statements (Continued) For the Year Ended June 30, 2023 63 Note 1 – Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Continued) G. Leases Receivables (Continued) At the commencement of a lease, the lease receivable is measured at the present value of payments expected to be received during the lease term. Subsequently, the lease receivable is reduced by the principal portion of lease payments received. The deferred inflows of resources are initially measured as the initial amount of the lease receivable, adjusted for lease payments received at or before the lease commencement date. Subsequently, the deferred inflows of resources are recognized as revenue over the life of the lease term in a systematic and rational method. Key estimates and judgments include how the City determines (1) the discount rate it uses to discount the expected lease receipts to present value, (2) lease term, and (3) lease receipts. The City uses the incremental borrowing rate (IBR) provided by the City’s financial institution for existing leases or the current rate at the time a new lease is executed. The lease term includes the noncancelable period of the lease plus any option periods that are likely to be exercised. Lease receipts included in the measurement of the lease receivable is composed of fixed payments from the lessee. The City monitors changes in circumstances that would require a remeasurement of its lease and will remeasure the lease receivable and deferred inflows of resources if certain changes occur that are expected to significantly affect the amount of the lease receivable. H. Inventories Inventories consist of fuel. I. Prepaid Items Prepaid items are reported under the consumption method, which recognizes the expenditures/expense in the period associated with the service rendered or goods consumed. J. Interfund Transactions Activity between funds that are representative of lending/borrowing arrangements outstanding at the end of the fiscal year are referred to as either “due to/from other funds” or “advances to/from other funds” (i.e., the current portion of interfund loans). Any residual balances outstanding between the governmental activities and business- type activities are reported in the Government-Wide Financial Statements as “internal balances”. K. Capital Assets Capital assets are recorded at cost or estimated historical cost if purchased or constructed. Donated capital assets are recorded at their estimated acquisition value on the date donated. Public domain (infrastructure) capital assets consisting of roads, bridges, curbs, gutters, medians, sidewalks, drainage and lighting systems have been capitalized and depreciated. Capital assets are defined as assets with an initial individual cost of more than $5,000 for general capital assets and $100,000 for intangible assets. 92 CC 07-09-2024 92 of 376 City of Cupertino Notes to the Basic Financial Statements (Continued) For the Year Ended June 30, 2023 64 Note 1 – Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Continued) K. Capital Assets (Continued) Depreciation is recorded using the straight-line method over the following useful lives: Buildings 15 – 25 years Improvements 10 – 15 years Vehicles 4 – 10 years Street equipment 3 – 20 years Water equipment 3 – 50 years Office equipment 3 – 5 years Road, curbs, gutters, sidewalks, medians and bridges 30 – 40 years Streetlights 20 years Storm drain structure and mains 40 years Traffic signals 20 years Major outlays for capital assets and improvements are capitalized as projects are constructed. For enterprise funds, interest incurred during the construction phase is reflected in the capitalized value of the asset constructed, net of interest earned on the invested proceeds over the same period. Some capital assets may be acquired using federal and state grant funds, or they may be contributed by developers or other governments. These contributions are accounted for as revenues at the time the capital assets are contributed. Right-of-Use Subscription Assets Subscription assets are recorded at the amount of the initial measurement of the SBITA liabilities (“subscription liabilities”) and adjusted by any subscription payments to the SBITA vendor at or before the commencement of the subscription term, less any incentives received from the SBITA vendor at or before the commencement of the subscription term along with subscription implementation costs. Subscription assets are amortized over the shorter of the subscription term or the useful life of the underlying information technology assets. L. Deferred Outflows of Resources and Deferred Inflows of Resources The Statement and Net Position and the Balance Sheet report separate sections for deferred outflows of resources, and deferred inflows of resources, when applicable. Deferred Outflows of Resources represent a consumption of net assets that applies to future periods. Deferred Inflows of Resources represent an acquisition of net assets that applies to future periods. M. Interest Payable In the government-wide financial statements, interest payable on long-term debt is recognized as the liability is incurred for governmental activities and business-type activities. N. Unearned Revenue Unearned revenue is reported for transactions for which revenue has not yet been earned. Typical transactions recorded as unearned revenues are prepaid charges for services. 93 CC 07-09-2024 93 of 376 City of Cupertino Notes to the Basic Financial Statements (Continued) For the Year Ended June 30, 2023 65 Note 1 – Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Continued) O. Compensated Absences Compensated absences comprise vested accumulated vacation and sick leave. The City's liability for compensated absences is recorded in governmental or business-type activities as appropriate. The liability for compensated absences is determined annually. For all governmental funds, amounts expected to be "permanently liquidated," such as what is due to be paid because of a realized employment action, are recorded as fund liabilities; the long- term portion is recorded in the Statement of Net Position. Compensated absences are liquidated by the fund that has recorded the liability. The long-term portion of governmental activities compensated absences are liquidated primarily by the General Fund, using the Compensated Absences and Long-Term Disability internal service fund to account for termination payouts. P. Claims and Judgement Payable Claims and judgments payable are accrued when the liability is incurred and the amount can be reasonably estimated. Claims and judgments payable are recorded in an internal service fund for workers' compensation and long-term disability, and other claims and judgments are recorded in the General Fund or enterprise funds, as appropriate. Q. Subscription Liabilities The City recognizes subscription liabilities with an initial, individual value of $5,000 or more with a subscription term greater than one year in the government-wide and proprietary fund financial statements. Variable payments based on future performance of the City, usage of the underlying information technology assets, or number of user seats are not included in the measurement of the subscription liability. At the commencement of a subscription, the City initially measures the subscription liability at the present value of payments expected to be made during the subscription term. Subsequently, the subscription liability is reduced by the principal portion of subscription payments made. Key estimates and judgments related to subscription liabilities include how the City determines (1) the discount rate it uses to discount the expected subscription payments to present value, (2) subscription term, and (3) subscription payments. The City uses incremental borrowing rate provided by the financial institution at July 1, 2022 for existing subscription or the current rate at the time a new subscription is executed. The subscription term includes the noncancellable period of the SBITA. Subscription payments included in the measurement of the subscription liability are composed of fixed payments. The City monitors changes in circumstances that would require a remeasurement of its SBITA and will remeasure any subscription asset and liability if certain changes occur that are expected to significantly affect the amount of the subscription liability. R. Long-Term Debt Government-Wide Financial Statements Long-term debt and other financial obligations are reported as liabilities in the statement of net position. 94 CC 07-09-2024 94 of 376 City of Cupertino Notes to the Basic Financial Statements (Continued) For the Year Ended June 30, 2023 66 Note 1 – Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Continued) R. Long-Term Debt (Continued) Government-Wide Financial Statements (Continued) Bond premiums and discounts, as well as gains and losses on refunding, are deferred and amortized over the life of the bonds using the effective interest method. Bonds payable are reported net of the applicable premium or discount. Issuance costs are expensed in the year of issuance. Fund Financial Statements The fund financial statements do not present long-term debt but are shown in the Reconciliation of the Governmental Funds Balance Sheet to the Government-Wide Statement of Net Position. S. Pensions For purposes of measuring the net pension liability, deferred outflows of resources and deferred inflows of resources related to pensions, and pension expense, information about the fiduciary net position of the plans and additions to/deductions from the plans’ fiduciary net position have been determined on the same basis as they are reported by the plans. For this purpose, benefit payments (including refunds of employee contributions) are recognized when due and payable in accordance with benefit terms. Investments are reported at fair value. The following timeframes are used for pension reporting: Valuation Date June 30, 2021 Measurement Date June 30, 2022 Measurement Period July 1, 2021 to June 30, 2022 Gains and losses related to changes in total pension liability and fiduciary net position are recognized in pension expense systematically over time. The first amortized amounts are recognized in pension expense for the year the gain or loss occurs. The remaining amounts are categorized as deferred outflows and deferred inflows of resources related to pensions and are to be recognized in future pension expense. The amortization period differs depending on the source of the gain or loss. The difference between projected and actual earnings is amortized straight-line over 5 years. All other amounts are amortized straight-line over the average expected remaining service lives of all members that are provided with benefits (active, inactive, and retired) as of the beginning of the measurement period. General Fund is typically used to liquidate pension liabilities to governmental funds. T. Other Postemployment Benefits (“OPEB”) Plan For purposes of measuring the net OPEB liability, deferred outflows of resources and deferred inflows of resources related to OPEB, and OPEB expense, information about the fiduciary net position of the City’s OPEB Plan and additions to/deductions from the OPEB Plans’ fiduciary net position have been determined on the same basis as they are reported by the plans. For this purpose, benefit payments (including refunds of employee contributions) are recognized when due and payable in accordance with benefit terms. Investments are reported at fair value. 95 CC 07-09-2024 95 of 376 City of Cupertino Notes to the Basic Financial Statements (Continued) For the Year Ended June 30, 2023 67 Note 1 – Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Continued) T. Other Postemployment Benefits (“OPEB”) Plan (Continued) The following timeframes are used for OPEB reporting: Valuation Date June 30, 2023 Measurement Date June 30, 2023 Measurement Period July 1, 2022 to June 30, 2023 Gains and losses related to changes in total OPEB liability and fiduciary net position are recognized in OPEB expense systematically over time. The first amortized amounts are recognized in OPEB expense for the year the gain or loss occurs. The remaining amounts are categorized as deferred outflows and deferred inflows of resources related to OPEB and are to be recognized in future OPEB expense. The amortization period differs depending on the source of the gain or loss. The difference between projected and actual earnings is amortized straight-line over 5 years. All other amounts are amortized straight-line over the average expected remaining service lives of all members that are provided with benefits (active, inactive, and retired) as of the beginning of the measurement period. General Fund is typically used to liquidate OPEB liabilities to governmental funds. U. Net Position In governmental-wide and proprietary fund financial statements, net positions are categorized as follows: Net Investment in Capital Assets – This category consists of capital assets, net of accumulated depreciation/amortization, reduced by the outstanding balances of debt that are attributable to the acquisition, construction, or improvement of those assets and retention payable. Restricted – This category represents net position that has external restrictions imposed by creditors, grantors, contributors or laws or regulations of other governments and restrictions imposed by law through constitutional provisions or enabling legislation. Unrestricted – This category represents net position of the City that do not meet the definition of "net investment in capital assets" or "restricted." When expenses are incurred for purposes for which both restricted and unrestricted net position are available, the City’s policy is to apply restricted net position first, then unrestricted net position as they are needed. V. Fund Balances As prescribed by GASB Statement No. 54, governmental funds report fund balance in classifications based primarily on the extent to which the City is bound to honor constraints on the specific purposes for which amounts in the funds can be spent. Fund balances for governmental funds are made up of the followings: Nonspendable Fund Balance - includes amounts that are (a) not in spendable form, or (b) legally or contractually required to be maintained intact. The "not in spendable form" criterion includes items that are not expected to be converted to cash, for example: prepaid items, property held for resale and long term notes receivable. 96 CC 07-09-2024 96 of 376 City of Cupertino Notes to the Basic Financial Statements (Continued) For the Year Ended June 30, 2023 68 Note 1 – Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Continued) V. Fund Balances (Continued) Restricted Fund Balance - includes amounts that can be spent only for the specific purposes stipulated by external resource providers, constitutionally or through enabling legislation. Restrictions may effectively be changed or lifted only with the consent of resource providers. Committed Fund Balance - includes amounts that can only be used for the specific purposes determined by a formal action of the City's highest level of decision-making authority, the City Council. Commitments may be changed or lifted only by the City taking the same formal action (resolution) that imposed the constraint originally. Assigned Fund Balance - comprises amounts intended to be used by the City for specific purposes that are neither restricted nor committed. Intent is expressed by the City Council or official to which the City Council has delegated the authority to assign amounts to be used for specific purposes. Through the adopted budget, the City Council establishes assigned fund balance policy levels and also sets the means and priority for the City Manager to fund these levels. Unassigned Fund Balance - is the residual classification for the General Fund and includes all amounts not contained in the other classifications. Unassigned amounts are technically available for any purpose. Only the General Fund reports unassigned positive fund balance. A governmental fund other than the General Fund may report a negative unassigned fund balance if expenditures incurred for a specific purpose exceed the amounts that are restricted, committed or assigned to those purposes. In circumstances when an expenditure may be made for which amounts are available in multiple fund balance classifications, the fund balance in General Fund will generally be used in the order of restricted, unassigned, and then assigned reserves. In other governmental funds, the order will generally be restricted and then assigned. W. Property Taxes Property Tax Calendar - All property taxes are levied and collected by the County of Santa Clara. Secured taxes are levied on July 1, are due in two installments on November 1 and February 1 and become delinquent after December 10 and April 10. Unsecured taxes are levied on July 1 and become delinquent on August 31. The lien date for secured and unsecured property taxes is January 1. The City, in fiscal year 1993-94, adopted an alternative method of property tax distribution (the "Teeter Plan"). Under this method, the City receives 100 percent of its secured property tax levied in exchange for foregoing any interest and penalties collected on delinquent taxes. The City receives remittances as a series of advances made by the County during the year. X. Use of Estimates The preparation of the basic financial statements in accordance with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect certain reported amounts and disclosures. Accordingly, actual results could differ from those estimates. 97 CC 07-09-2024 97 of 376 City of Cupertino Notes to the Basic Financial Statements (Continued) For the Year Ended June 30, 2023 69 Note 1 – Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Continued) Y. Implementation of New GASB Pronouncements GASB Statement No. 91 In May 2019, GASB issued Statement No. 91, Conduit Debt Obligations (GASB Statement No. 91), to provide a single method of reporting conduit debt obligations by issuers and eliminate diversity in practice associated with (1) commitments extended by issuers, (2) arrangements associated with conduit debt obligations, and (3) related note disclosures. This statement achieves those objectives by clarifying the existing definition of a conduit debt obligation; establishing that a conduit debt obligation is not a liability of the issuer; establishing standards for accounting and financial reporting of additional commitments and voluntary commitments extended by issuers and arrangements associated with conduit debt obligations; and improving required note disclosures. Implementation of this Statement did not have a significant effect on the City’s financial statements for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2023. GASB Statement No. 94 In March 2020, GASB issued Statement No. 94, Public-Private and Public-Public Partnerships and Availability Payment Arrangements (GASB Statement No. 94) to improve financial reporting by addressing issues related to public-private and public- public partnership arrangements (PPPs). This Statement also provides guidance for accounting and financial reporting for availability payment arrangements (APAs). Implementation of this Statement did not have a significant effect on the City’s financial statements for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2023. GASB Statement No. 96 In May 2020, GASB issued Statement No. 96, Subscription-Based Information Technology Arrangements (GASB Statement No. 96), to provide guidance on the accounting and financial reporting for subscription based information technology arrangements (SBITAs) for government end users (governments). This Statement (1) defines a SBITA; (2) establishes that a SBITA results in a right-to-use subscription asset- -an intangible asset and a corresponding subscription liability: (3) provides the capitalization criteria for outlays other than subscription payments, including implementation costs of a SBITA; and (4) requires note disclosures regarding a SBITA. Implementation of this Statement had a significant effect on the City’s financial statements for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2023. GASB Statement No. 99 - In April 2022, the GASB issued Statement No. 99, Omnibus 2022. The objectives of this Statement are to enhance comparability in accounting and financial reporting and to improve the consistency of authoritative literature by addressing (1) practice issues that have been identified during implementation and application of certain GASB Statements and (2) accounting and financial reporting for financial guarantees. The Statement is effective immediately for the requirements related to extension of the use of LIBOR, accounting for SNAP distributions, disclosures of nonmonetary transactions, pledges of future revenues by pledging governments, clarification of certain provisions in Statement 34, as amended, and terminology updates related to Statement 53 and Statement 63. The Statement is effective for fiscal year years beginning after June 15, 2022 for requirements related to leases, PPPs, and SBITAS. Implementation of this Statement did not have a significant effect on the City’s financial statements for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2023. Z. Upcoming New GANB Pronouncements The City is currently evaluating its accounting practices to determine the potential impact on the financial statements for the following GASB Statements: In June 2022, GASB issued Statement No. 100, Accounting Changes and Error Corrections – an Amendment of GASB Statement No. 62. The primary objective of this Statement is to enhance accounting and financial reporting requirements for accounting changes and error corrections to provide more understandable, reliable, relevant, consistent, and comparable information for making decisions or assessing accountability. Application of this statement is effective for the City’s fiscal year ending June 30, 2024. 98 CC 07-09-2024 98 of 376 City of Cupertino Notes to the Basic Financial Statements (Continued) For the Year Ended June 30, 2023 70 Note 1 – Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Continued) Z. Upcoming New GANB Pronouncements (Continued) In June 2022, GASB issued Statement No. 101, Compensated Absences. The objective of this Statement is to better meet the information needs of financial statement users by updating the recognition and measurement guidance for compensated absences. That objective is achieved by aligning the recognition and measurement guidance under a unified model and by amending certain previously required disclosures. Application of this statement is effective for the City’s fiscal year ending June 30, 2025. In December 2023, GASB issued Statement 102, Certain Risk Disclosures. The objective of this Statement is to provide users of government financial statements with essential information about risks related to a government’s vulnerabilities due to certain concentrations or constraints. That objective is achieved by requiring governments to assess whether a concentration or constraint makes the primary government reporting unit or other reporting units that report a liability for revenue debt vulnerable to the risk of a substantial impact. The statement also requires a government to assess whether an event or events associated with a concentration or constraint that could cause the substantial impact have occurred, have begun to occur, or are more likely than not to begin to occur within 12 months of the date the financial statements are issued. Application of this statement is effective for the City’s fiscal year ending June 30, 2025. Earlier application is encouraged. In April 2024, GASB issued Statement 103, Financial Reporting Model Improvements - The objective of this Statement is to improve key components of the financial reporting model. The purposes of the improvements are to (a) enhance the effectiveness of the financial reporting model in providing information that is essential for decision making and assessing a government’s accountability and (b) address certain application issues identified through pre-agenda research conducted by the GASB. Application of this statement is effective for the City’s fiscal year ending June 30, 2027. Earlier application is encouraged. Note 2 – Cash and Investments The City had the following cash and investments at June 30, 2023: Governmental Business-Type Activities Activities Total Cash and investments 205,571,569$ 11,372,546$ 216,944,115$ Restricted cash and investments: Held by fiscal agent for pension 19,088,859 - 19,088,859 Total cash and investments 224,660,428$ 11,372,546$ 236,032,974$ Government-Wide Statement of Net Position 99 CC 07-09-2024 99 of 376 City of Cupertino Notes to the Basic Financial Statements (Continued) For the Year Ended June 30, 2023 71 Note 2 – Cash and Investments (Continued) The City’s cash and investments at June 30, 2023, in more detail: Cash on hand 3,586$ Deposits with financial institutions 47,281,611 Total cash 47,285,197 Investments 169,658,918 Investments with PARS 19,088,859 Total investments 188,747,777 Total cash and investments 236,032,974$ A. Deposits The carrying amounts of the City’s demand deposits were $47,281,611 at June 30, 2023. Bank balances at that date were $48,018,306 the total amount of which was collateralized or insured with accounts held by the pledging financial institutions in the City’s name as discussed below. Cash and Investments with PARS were related to the City’s Pension Trust. The California Government Code requires California banks and savings and loan associations to secure the City’s cash deposits by pledging securities as collateral. This Code states that collateral pledged in this manner shall have the effect of perfecting a security interest in such collateral superior to those of a general creditor. Thus, collateral for cash deposits is considered to be held in the City's name. The market value of pledged securities must equal at least 110% of the City's cash deposits. California law also allows institutions to secure City deposits by pledging first trust deed mortgage notes having a value of 150% of the City’s total cash deposits. The City may waive collateral requirements for cash deposits, deposits, which are fully insured up to $250,000 by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (“FDIC”). The City did not waive the collateral requirement for deposits insured by FDIC. The City follows the practice of pooling cash and investments of all funds, except for funds required to be held by fiscal agents under the provisions of bond indentures. Interest income earned on pooled cash and investments is allocated on an accounting period basis to the various funds based on the period-end cash and investment balances. Interest income from cash and investments with fiscal agents is credited directly to the related fund. 100 CC 07-09-2024 100 of 376 City of Cupertino Notes to the Basic Financial Statements (Continued) For the Year Ended June 30, 2023 72 Note 2 – Cash and Investments (Continued) B. Investments Authorized by the California Government Code and the City’s Investment Policy The following table identifies the investment types that are authorized for the City by the California Government Code (or the City’s investment policy, where more restrictive). The table also identifies certain provisions of the California Government Code (or the City’s investment policy, where more restrictive) that address interest rate risk, credit risk, and concentration of credit risk. This table does not address investments of debt proceeds held by bond trustees that are governed by the provisions of debt agreements of the City, rather than the general provisions of the California Government Code or the City’s investment policy: This does not include the City's investments of debt proceeds held by fiscal agents that are governed by the provisions of debt agreements of the City. Authorized Investment Type Maximum Maturity Minimum Credit Quality Maximum Percentage of Portfolio Maximum Investment in One Issuer U.S. Treasury Obligations 5 years N/A None None U.S. Agency Securities* 5 years N/A None None California Local Agency Investment Fund (LAIF) N/A N/A Up to $65 million None Non-negotiable Certificates of Deposits (time deposits) 5 years N/A 30%*** 10% of portfolio; 5% of issuer's net worth ** State of California registered state warrants, treasury notes, or bonds 5 years N/A None None California local agency bonds, notes, warrants, or other obligations 5 years N/A None None Bond issued by the local agency 5 years N/A None None Bankers' Acceptances 180 days N/A 40% None Commercial Paper 270 days A-1+P-1 25% 10% of portfolio; 5% of issuer's net worth; 10% of outstanding paper of Issuer. ** Negotiable Certificates of Deposit 5 years N/A 30% 10% of portfolio; 5% of issuer's net worth. ** Repurchase Agreements 1 year N/A None 10% of portfolio; 5% of issuer's net worth. ** Medium Term Corperate Notes 5 years A or better 25% 10% of portfolio; 5% of issuer's net worth. ** Money market mutual funds investing in U.S. Treasury, Government Agency securities or repurchase agreements collateralized by U.S. Treasury or Government Agency securities 5 years Aaa/AAA 20%None Supernationals 5 years AA or better 30%10% of portfolio 30% maximum percent of portfolio if using a private sector entity to assist in the placement of the time deposits. No maximum Securities issued by agencies of the federal government such as the Government National Mortgage Association (GNMA), Represents restriction in which the City's investment policy is more restrictive than the California Government Code. 101 CC 07-09-2024 101 of 376 City of Cupertino Notes to the Basic Financial Statements (Continued) For the Year Ended June 30, 2023 73 Note 2 – Cash and Investments (Continued) C. Investments Authorized by Debt Agreements The City must maintain required amounts of cash and investments with trustees or fiscal agents under the terms of certain debt issues. These funds are unexpended bond proceeds or are pledged reserves to be used if the City fails to meet its obligations under these debt issues. The California Government Code requires these funds to be invested in accordance with City ordinances, bond indentures or State statutes. The City's Investment Policy allows investments of bond proceeds to be governed by provisions of the related bond indentures. The following identifies the investment types that are authorized for investments held by fiscal agents under the terms of the bond indentures of the related debt issue: Authorized Investment Type Maximum Maturity Minimum Credit Quality Maximum Percentage of Portfolio Cash or obligations of the U.S. including U.S. Treasury obligations N/A N/A None Federal agencies obligations which represent full faith and credit of the U.S. N/A N/A None Direct federal agencies obligations which are not fully guaranteed by the full faith and credit of the U.S. N/A N/A None U.S. dollar denominated deposit accounts, federal funds and bankers' acceptances with domestic commercial banks 360 days P-1, A-1+, A-1 None Commercial Paper 270 days P-1, A-1 None Money market funds N/A Aaam or AAAm-G None Pre-refunded municipal obligations that are not callable prior to maturity or as to which irrevocable instructions have been Highest given to call on the date specified in the notice N/A Rating Category None Municipal obligations or General obligations of states N/A Aaa, AAA, A2, A None California Local Agency Investment Fund (LAIF) N/A N/A Up to $65 million Shares in a California common law trust established pursuant to Title 1, Division 7, Chapter 5 of the California Government Code which invests exclusively in investments permitted by Section 53635 of Title 5, Division 2, Chapter of the California Government Code, as it may be amended. N/A N/A None D. Risk Disclosures Disclosures Relating to Interest Rate Risk Interest rate risk is the risk that changes in market interest rates will adversely affect the fair value of an investment. Generally, the longer the maturity of an investment, the greater the sensitivity of its fair value to changes in market interest rates. One of the ways that the City manages its exposure to interest rate risk is by purchasing a combination of shorter term and longer term investments and by timing cash flows from maturities so that a portion of the portfolio is maturing or coming close to maturity evenly over time as necessary to provide the cash flow and liquidity needed for operations. 102 CC 07-09-2024 102 of 376 City of Cupertino Notes to the Basic Financial Statements (Continued) For the Year Ended June 30, 2023 74 Note 2 – Cash and Investments (Continued) D. Risk Disclosures (Continued) Disclosures Relating to Interest Rate Risk (Continued) Information about the sensitivity of the fair values of the City's investments (including investments held by bond trustee) to market interest rate fluctuations is provided by the following table that shows the distribution of the City's investments by maturity: Investment Type 12 Months of less 13 to 24 Months More than 24 Months Total U.S. Treasury Securities 4,588,328$ 12,214,180$ 36,160,305$ 52,962,813$ Corporate Notes 1,454,667 19,059,694 19,537,835 40,052,196 U.S. Agency Notes: Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation 836,535 2,232,499 3,408,904 6,477,938 Federal National Mortgage Association - 8,574,094 4,540,665 13,114,759 Federal Home loan Banks 1,463,544 1,943,320 - 3,406,864 Municipal Bonds - 726,121 - 726,121 Asset-Backed Securities 329,142 4,647,343 11,558,949 16,535,434 Supranationals 2,747,746 - 6,683,579 9,431,325 Collateralized Mortgage Obligations - 1,261,927 4,392,528 5,654,455 Local Agency Investment Fund 21,099,954 21,099,954 Money Market Mutual Funds 197,059 - - 197,059 Restricted investment with PARS 19,088,859 - - 19,088,859 Total investments 51,805,834$ 50,659,178$ 86,282,765$ 188,747,777 Cash in banks and on hand 47,285,197 Total Cash and Investments 236,032,974$ Remaining Maturity (In Months) Disclosures Relating to Credit Risk Generally, credit risk is the risk that an issuer of an investment will not fulfill its obligation to the holder of the investment. This is measured by the assignment of a rating by a nationally recognized statistical rating organization. Presented below is the minimum rating required by (where applicable) the California Government Code, the City's investment policy, or debt agreements, and the actual rating, by Standard and Poor’s or Moody’s’, as of June 30, 2023 for each investment type: 103 CC 07-09-2024 103 of 376 City of Cupertino Notes to the Basic Financial Statements (Continued) For the Year Ended June 30, 2023 75 Note 2 – Cash and Investments (Continued) D. Risk Disclosures (Continued) Disclosures Relating to Credit Risk (Continued) Investment Type Total AAA AA A Not Required U.S. Treasury Securities 52,962,813$ 52,962,813$ -$ -$ -$ Corporate Notes 40,052,196 - 12,415,464 27,636,732 - U.S. Agency Notes Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation 6,477,938 6,477,938 - - - Federal National Mortgage Association 13,114,759 13,114,759 - - - Federal Home Loan Banks 3,406,864 3,406,864 - - - Municipal Bonds 726,121 726,121 - - - Asset-Backed Securities 16,535,434 16,535,434 - - - Supranationals 9,431,325 9,431,325 - - - Collateralized Mortgage Obligations 5,654,455 5,654,455 - - - Local Agency Investment Fund 21,099,954 - - - 21,099,954 Money Market Mutual Funds 197,059 197,059 - - - Restricted investment with PARS 19,088,859 - - - 19,088,859 Total Investments 188,747,777$ 108,506,768$ 12,415,464$ 27,636,732$ 40,188,813$ Disclosures Relating to Concentration of Credit Risk The investment policy of the City contains no limitations on the amount that can be invested in any one issuer beyond that stipulated by the California Government Code. At June 30, 2023, the following investment represent 5% or more of total City investments: Issuer Investment Type Amount Percentage Federal National Mortgage Association (FNMA) U.S. Agency Notes 13,114,759$ 7% Disclosures Relating to Custodial Credit Risk Custodial credit risk is the risk that, in the event of the failure of the counter party, the City will not be able to recover the value of its investments or collateral securities that are in the possession of an outside party. All securities, with the exception of LAIF and other pooled investments, are held by a third-party custodian. 104 CC 07-09-2024 104 of 376 City of Cupertino Notes to the Basic Financial Statements (Continued) For the Year Ended June 30, 2023 76 Note 2 – Cash and Investments (Continued) E. Fair Value Measurement Disclosure At June 30, 2023, investments are reported at fair value. The following table presents the fair value measurement of investments on a recurring basis and the levels within GASB 72 fair value hierarchy in which the fair value measurements fall at June 30, 2023: Investments by Fair Value Level Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets Level 1) Significant Other Observable Inputs Level 2) Total U.S. Treasury Securities 52,962,813$ -$ 52,962,813$ Corporate Notes - 40,052,196 40,052,196 U.S. Agency Notes Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation - 6,477,938 6,477,938 Federal National Mortgage Association - 13,114,759 13,114,759 Federal Home Loan Banks - 3,406,864 3,406,864 Asset-Backed Securities - 16,535,434 16,535,434 Collateralized Mortgage Obligations - 5,654,455 5,654,455 Supranationals - 9,431,325 9,431,325 Municipal Bonds - 726,121 726,121 Total Investments 52,962,813$ 95,399,092$ 148,361,905 Investments Measured at Amortized Cost: Money Markel Mutual Funds - Restricted for Pension (PARS)19,088,859 Money Markel Mutual Funds 197,059 Investments Exempt from Fair Value Hierarchy: Local Agency Investment Fund 21,099,954 Cash in banks and on hand 47,285,197 Total Cash and Investments 236,032,974$ F. Investment in Local Agency Investment Fund (LAIF) The City is a participant in LAIF which is regulated by California Government Code Section 16429 under the oversight of the Treasurer of the State of California. The City’s investments in LAIF at June 30, 2023 included a portion of pool funds invested in Structure Notes and Asset-Backed Securities: Structured Notes are debt securities (other than asset-backed securities) whose cash-flow characteristics coupon rate, redemption amount, or stated maturity) depend upon one or more indices and/or that have embedded forwards or options. Asset-Backed Securities, the bulk of which are mortgage-backed securities, entitle their purchasers to receive a share of the cash flows from pool of assets such as principal and interest repayments from a pool of mortgages such as Collateralized Mortgage Obligations) or credit card receivables. 105 CC 07-09-2024 105 of 376 City of Cupertino Notes to the Basic Financial Statements (Continued) For the Year Ended June 30, 2023 77 Note 2 – Cash and Investments (Continued) F. Investment in Local Agency Investment Fund (LAIF) (Continued) As of June 30, 2023, the City had $21,099,954 invested in LAIF, which had invested 2.78% of the pool investment funds in Structured Notes and Asset-Back Securities. LAIF determines fair value on its investment portfolio based on market quotations for those securities where market quotations are readily available and based on amortized cost or best estimate for those securities where market value is not readily available. LAIF is reported at amortized cost, which approximates fair value. Note 3 – Loans Receivable Housing Program Loans On June 30, 1995, the City loaned $821,000 to Community Housing Developers, a California nonprofit public benefit corporation. The note bears interest at three percent per annum, compounded annually, payable to the extent of surplus cash, and all unpaid principal and interest due June 30, 2035. As of June 30, 2023, the balance remaining on the loan was $1,878,389 including principal and interest in the amounts of $821,000 and $1,057,389, respectively. The loan was issued using resources in the amount of $417,000 and $404,000 in the General Fund and the Housing Development Special Revenue Fund, respectively and is considered governmental activities. On June 6, 1996, the City loaned $320,000 to Cupertino Community Services, a California nonprofit public benefit corporation. The note bears interest at three percent per annum and due on July 14, 2026. As of June 30, 2023, the balance on the loan was $135,871. The loan was issued using resources in the Housing Development Special Revenue Fund and is considered governmental activities. On September 11, 2017 the City loaned $3,672,000 to Stevens Creek, L.P., a California limited partnership. The note bears interest at three percent per annum for 55 years. After the completion of construction of the development, no later than April 30th of each calendar year, the Developer shall make repayments of the loan in an amount equal to the City loan percentage of the lenders’ share of residual receipts. The payments shall be credited first against accrued interest and then against outstanding principal of the loan, and shall be accompanied by the developer’s report of residual receipts. As of June 30, 2023, the balance remaining on the loan was $4,359,018 including principal and interest in the amounts of $3,672,000 and $687,018, respectively in the Housing Development Special Revenue Fund and is considered as governmental activities. Note 4 – Leases Receivable and Lease-Related Deferred Inflows of Resources The City leases various City assets to other entities via contractual arrangements under the provisions of GASB Statement No. 87, Leases. The leases include land leases utilized for cell phone towers as well as property leases of the McClellan Ranch House and the Cupertino Public Library. The City receives fixed payments from the lessees, with a total of $220,308 recognized as rental revenue and $31,333 recognized as interest revenue on the lease for the year ended June 30, 2023 and a receivable for the remaining payments under the leases of $2,493,039. A summary of changes in lease receivable for the year ended June 30, 2023 is as follows: Balance July 1, 2022 Additions Retirements Balance June 30, 2023 Current Portion Long-term Portion 2,495,226$ 218,121$ (220,308)$ 2,493,039$ 221,644$ 2,271,395$ 106 CC 07-09-2024 106 of 376 City of Cupertino Notes to the Basic Financial Statements (Continued) For the Year Ended June 30, 2023 78 Note 4 – Leases Receivable and Lease-Related Deferred Inflows of Resources (Continued) At June 30, 2023, the required payments for these leases, including interest, are: Year Ending June 30, NPV Leases Receivable Interest Total Lease Payment 2024 221,644$ 29,203$ 250,847$ 2025 215,649 27,022 242,671 2026 216,753 24,745 241,498 2027 227,844 22,348 250,192 2028 238,976 19,832 258,808 2029-2033 930,850 60,105 990,955 2034-2038 335,529 17,807 353,336 2039-2041 105,794 1,720 107,514 Total 2,493,039$ 202,782$ 2,695,821$ At June 30, 2023, the amounts reported as deferred inflows of resources related to leases will be recognized as lease revenue as follows: Year Ending June 30, Amount 2024 263,427$ 2025 248,416 2026 236,054 2027 236,054 2028 236,054 2029- 2033 822,454 2034- 2038 259,170 2039- 2041 78,104 Total 2,379,733$ Note 5 – Interfund Transactions A. Advances Interfund advances are balances between funds that are not expected to be repaid within the current fiscal year. As of June 30, 2023, the General Fund advanced $3,000,000 to the Capital Improvement Projects Capital Projects Fund for advance funding of planned projects that will be repaid in subsequent years. 107 CC 07-09-2024 107 of 376 City of Cupertino Notes to the Basic Financial Statements (Continued) For the Year Ended June 30, 2023 79 Note 5 – Interfund Transactions (Continued) B. Due from and To other Funds At June 30, 2023, the City has the following due from and to other funds: Internal Service Funds Total Due From Other Funds Governmental Funds: General Fund 1,395,657$ 1,395,657$ 1,395,657$ 1,395,657$ Due to Other Funds These interfund balances represent routine short-term cash flow assistance. C. Transfers in and Out Transfers between funds during the fiscal year ended June 30, 2023 were as follows: Capital Housing Public Facilities Improvement Recreation Transportation Development Corporation Projects Programs Nonmajor Internal Special RevenueSpecial Revenue Debt Capital Project Enterprise Enterprise Service Transfers Out General Fund Fund Fund Service Fund Fund Fund Fund Funds Total Governmental Funds: General Fund -$ 3,000,000$ 25,000$ 2,675,800$ 2,838,147$ 376,000$ -$ 3,429,398$ 12,344,345$ Transportation Special Revenue Fund - - - - 197,491 - - - 197,491 Capital Improvement Projects Capital Projects Fund 800,000 - - - - - 23,600 - 823,600 Nonmajor Governmental Funds 61,140 - - - 1,650,000 - - - 1,711,140 Proprietary Funds: Recreation Programs Enterprise Fund - - - - 103,119 - - - 103,119 861,140$ 3,000,000$ 25,000$ 2,675,800$ 4,788,757$ 376,000$ 23,600$ 3,429,398$ 15,179,695$ Proprietary Funds Transfers In Governmental Funds Transfers provided funding for operating subsidies, capital projects, capital acquisitions, internal service funds personnel costs associated with staff special project, compensated absences and retiree health, and debt service. 108 CC 07-09-2024 108 of 376 City of Cupertino Notes to the Basic Financial Statements (Continued) For the Year Ended June 30, 2023 80 Note 6 – Capital Assets A. Governmental Activities A summary of changes in capital assets of the governmental activities for the year ended June 30, 2023 is as follows: Balance July 1, 2022 Balance As Restated) Additions Deletions Transfers June 30, 2023 Governmental Activities: General Government Capital Asset: Capital assets not being depreciated: Land 64,786,669$ -$ -$ -$ 64,786,669$ Easements 19,615,039 - - - 19,615,039 Construction in progress 23,398,649 10,658,074 (476,537) (5,104,793) 28,475,393 Total general government capital assets not being depreciated 107,800,357 10,658,074 (476,537) (5,104,793) 112,877,101 Capital assets being depreciated: Buildings 47,763,913 - - - 47,763,913 Improvements other than buildings 61,263,926 - - 359,435 61,623,361 Machinery and equipment 4,529,929 - - 45,697 4,575,626 Roads, curbs, gutters, sidewalks, medians and bridges 183,534,212 - - 4,275,603 187,809,815 Streetlights 9,302,437 - - 402,243 9,704,680 Storm drain structure and mains 37,373,158 - - - 37,373,158 Traffic signals 6,418,246 - - 21,815 6,440,061 Total capital assets being depreciated 350,185,821 - - 5,104,793 355,290,614 Less accumulated depreciation for: Buildings (33,646,294) (1,612,633) - - (35,258,927) Improvements other than buildings (45,859,016) (2,390,853) - - (48,249,869) Machinery and equipment (3,306,110) (218,247) - - (3,524,357) Roads, curbs, gutters, sidewalks, medians and bridges (115,601,625) (2,839,730) - - (118,441,355) Streetlights (8,031,745) ( 431,927) - - (8,463,672) Storm drain structure and mains (33,682,048) (149,952) - - (33,832,000) Traffic signals (5,910,218) ( 109,425) - - (6,019,643) Total accumulated depreciation (246,037,056) (7,752,767) - - (253,789,823) Total capital assets being depreciated, net 104,148,765 (7,752,767) - 5,104,793 101,500,791 Intangible assets, being amortized Right-to-use subscription assets 1,490,232 964,745 - - 2,454,977 Total intangible assets, being amortized 1,490,232 964,745 - - 2,454,977 Less accumulated amortization for: Right-to-use subscription assets - (574,289) - - (574,289) Total accumulated amortization - (574,289) - - (574,289) Total intangible assets, being amortized, net 1,490,232 390,456 - - 1,880,688 Total general government capital asset, net 213,439,354 3,295,763 (476,537) - 216,258,580 Internal Service Fund Capital Assets: Capital assets not being depreciated: Construction in progress 7,828 527,792 - ( 416,212) 119,408 Total internal fund capital assets not being depreciated 7,828 527,792 - ( 416,212) 119,408 Capital assets being depreciated: Machinery and equipment 12,769,434 - (118,475) 416,212 13,067,171 Less accumulated depreciation (9,798,894) (798,599) 118,475 - (10,479,018) Total internal fund capital assets being depreciated, net 2,970,540 (798,599) - 416,212 2,588,153 Intangible assets, being amortized Right-to-use subscription assets 282,968 24,866 - - 307,834 Total intangible assets, being amortized 282,968 24,866 - - 307,834 Less accumulated amortization for: Right-to-use subscription assets - (106,011) - - (106,011) Total accumulated amortization - (106,011) - - (106,011) Total intangible assets, being amortized, net 282,968 (81,145) - - 201,823 Total internal service fund capital assets, net 3,261,336 (351,952) - - 2,909,384 Governmental activities capital assets, net 216,700,690$ 2,943,811$ ( 476,537)$ -$ 219,167,964$ 109 CC 07-09-2024 109 of 376 City of Cupertino Notes to the Basic Financial Statements (Continued) For the Year Ended June 30, 2023 81 Note 6 – Capital Assets (Continued) A. Governmental Activities (Continued) Depreciation and amortization expenses were charged to functions and programs based on their usage of the related assets. Depreciation and amortization expenses were charged to governmental activities as follows: Governmental Activities Depreciation Amortization Administration 189,942$ 49,676$ Innovation and technology 16,281 - Administrative services 29,461 16,138 Parks and recreation 169,010 63,689 Community development - 147,707 Public works 7,348,073 297,079 Subtotal 7,752,767 574,289 Internal Service Allocation Administration 247,725 9,170 Innovation and technology 21,642 - Administrative services 55,264 2,979 Parks and recreation 73,072 11,757 Community development - 27,266 Public works 400,896 54,839 Subtotal 798,599 106,011 Total - Governmental Activities 8,551,366$ 680,300$ B. Business-Type Activities A summary of changes in capital assets of the business-type activities for the year ended June 30, 2023 is as follows: Balance Balance July 1, 2022 Additions Deletions Transfers June 30, 2023 Business-type activities: Capital assets not being depreciated: Construction in progress 184,667$ 181,863$ (8,299)$ -$ 358,231$ Total capital assets not being depreciated 184,667 181,863 (8,299) - 358,231 Capital assets being depreciated: Buildings 2,073,689 - - 2,073,689 Improvements other than buildings 2,175,914 - - 2,175,914 Machinery and equipment 743,453 - 8,299 751,752 Total capital assets being depreciated 4,993,056 - 8,299 - 5,001,355 Less accumulated depreciation for: Buildings (573,223) (81,796) - - (655,019) Improvements other than buildings (1,860,740) (51,912) - - (1,912,652) Machinery and equipment (654,191) (28,132) - - (682,323) Total accumulated depreciation (3,088,154) (161,840) - - (3,249,994) Total capital assets being depreciated, net 1,904,902 (161,840) 8,299 - 1,751,361 Business-type activity capital assets, net 2,089,569$ 20,023$ -$ -$ 2,109,592$ 110 CC 07-09-2024 110 of 376 City of Cupertino Notes to the Basic Financial Statements (Continued) For the Year Ended June 30, 2023 82 Note 6 – Capital Assets (Continued) B. Business-Type Activities (Continued) Depreciation expense was charged to the business-type activities as follows: Business-Type Activities Depreciation Cupertino sports center 111,438$ Recreation program 47,057 Blackberry farm 2,832 Resources recovery 513 Total 161,840$ Note 7 – Long-Term Liabilities A. Governmental Activities A summary of changes in long-term liabilities for governmental activities for the year ended June 30, 2023 is as follows: Balance July 1, 2022 As Restated) Additions Retirements Balance June 30, 2023 Current Portion Long-term Portion 2020A Certificates of Participation 18,020, 000$ -$ (1,955,000)$ 16,065,000$ 2,035, 000$ 14,030, 000$ Issuance Premium 3,248,829 - (464,118) 2,784,711 - 2,784, 711 Subscription liabilities 1,773,200 989,611 (735,521) 2,027,290 783,067 1,244,223 Claims payable 1,569,000 765,116 (111,330) 2,222,786 382,000 1,840, 786 Compensated absences 4,690,321 797,673 (406,434) 5,081,560 501,158 4,580,402 Total long-term liabilities 29,301,350$ 2,552, 400$ (3,672,403)$ 28,181,347$ 3,701,225$ 24,480, 122$ 2020 A Certificates of Participation The Cupertino Public Facilities Corporation issued Certificates of Participation to provide financing for the construction of the Community Center, improvements of the City Hall and the Library in July 1986; purchase of Wilson Park in 1989; finance the Memorial Park Expansion in 1990; and purchase the Blackberry Farm and Fremont Older site in 1991. The Cupertino Public Facilities Corporation, as lessor, leased real property to the City under the Lease Agreement with the lessee) and assigned the base rental payments to the trustee for the benefit of the owners of the certificates of participation. The rental payments which represent the pledged revenues are scheduled to be sufficient in both time and amount, when the principal and interest of the certificates are due, which was the case for the year ended June 30, 2023. On May 9, 2012, $43,940,000 principal amount of 2012 Refinancing Certificates of Participation (2012 COPs) were issued to refund the 2002 COPs, to fund a reserve fund for the 2012 COPs, and pay costs incurred in connection with issuance. On September 29, 2020, $22,040,000 principal amount of 2020A Certificates of Participation (2020 COPs) were issued to refund the 2012 COPs and pay costs incurred in connection with issuance. The proceeds were placed into an escrow account, along with funds from the City’s 2012 COPs Reserve and on October 30, 2020, the 2012 COPS were prepaid, resulting no amounts outstanding as of June 30, 2023 for the 2012 COPs. The result of the transaction was an economic gain of $3,133,819. 111 CC 07-09-2024 111 of 376 City of Cupertino Notes to the Basic Financial Statements (Continued) For the Year Ended June 30, 2023 83 Note 7 – Long-Term Liabilities (Continued) A. Governmental Activities (Continued) 2020 A Certificates of Participation (Continued) The 2020A COPs are payable by a pledge of revenues from the lease payments payable by the City pursuant to the Lease Agreement between the Cupertino Public Facilities Corporation and the City for the use and possession of the Site and Facility as described in the Lease Agreement. The City also covenanted in the Lease Agreement to include all lease payments in its annual budget. Total debt service payments remaining on the 2020 COPs is 18,736,200 payable through June 1, 2030. For the year ended June 30, 2023, the bonds had $1,955,000 of principal and $720,800 interest due. The annual debt service requirements on these certificates are as follows: Year Ending June 30, Principal Interest Total 2024 2,035,000$ 642,600$ 2,677,600$ 2025 2,115,000 561,200 2,676,200 2026 2,200,000 476,600 2,676,600 2027 2,285,000 388,600 2,673,600 2028 2,380,000 297,200 2,677,200 2029- 2030 5,050,000 305,000 5,355,000 Total 16,065,000$ 2,671,200$ 18,736,200$ Subscription Liabilities The City has entered into subscriptions for information technology arrangements. The terms of the arrangements range from 24 to 63 months with implicit rates used between 1.710% to of 3.331%. Principal and interest to maturity are as follows: Year Ending June 30, Principal Interest Total 2024 783,067$ 43,045$ 826,112$ 2025 710,777 26,433 737,210 2026 481,502 11,133 492,635 2027 51,944 1,424 53,368 Total 2,027,290$ 82,035$ 2,109,325$ Compensated Absences The long-term portion of compensated absences payable has been accrued for the Governmental Activities on the Government-Wide Financial Statements. In prior years, the General Fund has typically been used to liquidate the liability. The balance outstanding at June 30, 2023 was $5,081,560. Claims Payable Refer to Note 10 for more details. 112 CC 07-09-2024 112 of 376 City of Cupertino Notes to the Basic Financial Statements (Continued) For the Year Ended June 30, 2023 84 Note 7 – Long-Term Liabilities (Continued) B. Business-Type Activities The following is a summary of changes in long-term liabilities for business-type activities for the year ended June 30, 2023: Balance July 1, 2022 Additions Retirements Balance June 30, 2023 Current Portion Long-term Portion Compensated absences 216,636$ 52,873$ (49,268)$ 220,241$ 10,492$ 209,749$ Total long-term liabilities 216,636$ 52,873$ (49,268)$ 220,241$ 10,492$ 209,749$ Compensated Absences All vested vacation and compensatory leave time is recognized as an expense and as a liability in the business-type funds at the time the liability vests. All of the enterprise funds of the City have been used to liquidate the liability. The balance outstanding at June 30, 2023 was $220,241. Note 8 – Defined Benefit Pension Plan Below is a summary of the deferred outflows of resources, net pension liabilities and deferred inflows of resources by Plan at June 30, 2023: Deferred Outflows of Resources Net Pension Liability Deferred Inflows of Resources Miscellaneous Plan 18,126,053$ 55,840,898$ 137,371$ A. General Information about the Pension Plan Plan Description The City contributes to the California Public Employees’ Retirement System (“CalPERS”), an agent multiple- employer public employee defined benefit pension plan. CalPERS acts as a common investment and administrative agent for participating public entities within the State of California. Benefit provisions and all other requirements are established by state statute and City ordinance. A full description of the pension plan regarding number of employees covered, benefit provisions, assumptions (for funding, but not accounting purposes), and membership information are listed in the Annual Actuarial Valuation Report. This report and CalPERS’ audited financial statements are publicly available reports that can be obtained at CalPERS’ website at www.calpers.ca.gov under Forms and Publications. Benefit Provided CalPERS provides service retirement and disability benefits, annual cost of living adjustments and death benefits to plan members, who must be public employees and beneficiaries. Benefits are based on years of credited service, equal to one year of full time employment. Members with five years of total service are eligible to retire at age 50 with statutorily reduced benefits. All members are eligible for non-duty disability benefits after 10 years of service. The cost of living adjustments for each plan are applied as specified by the Public Employees' Retirement Law. 113 CC 07-09-2024 113 of 376 City of Cupertino Notes to the Basic Financial Statements (Continued) For the Year Ended June 30, 2023 85 Note 8 – Defined Benefit Pension Plan (Continued) A. General Information about the Pension Plan (Continued) Benefit Provided (Continued) The Pension Reform Act of 2013 (PEPRA), Assembly Bill 340, is applicable to employees new to CalPERS and hired after December 31, 2012. The Plans' provisions and benefits in effect at June 30, 2023, are summarized as follows: Prior to January 1 , 2013 On or after January 1, 2013 Benefit formula 2.7%@55 2.0%@62 Benefit vesting schedule 5 years service 5 years service Benefit payments monthly for life monthly for life Minimum retirement age 50 52 Monthly benefits, as a% of eligible compensation 2% to 2.7% 1% to 2% Required employee contribution rates 8.00% 7.00% Required employer contribution rates 9.74% 9.74% Hire date Participant is eligible for non-industrial disability retirement if becomes disabled and has at least 5 years of credited service. There is no special age requirement. The standard non-industrial disability retirement benefit is a monthly allowance equal to 1.8 percent of final compensation, multiplied by service. Industrial disability benefits are not offered. An employee's beneficiary may receive the basic death benefit if the employee dies while actively employed. The employee must be actively employed with the City to be eligible for this benefit. An employee's survivor who is eligible for any other pre-retirement death benefit may choose to receive that death benefit instead of this basic death benefit. The basic death benefit is a lump sum in the amount of the employee's accumulated contributions, where interest is currently credited at 7.5 percent per year, plus a lump sum in the amount of one-month salary for each completed year of current service, up to a maximum of six-months salary. For purposes of this benefit, one month's salary is defined as the member's average monthly full-time rate of compensation during the 12 months preceding death. Upon the death of a retiree, a one-time lump sum payment of $500 will be made to the retiree's designated survivor(s), or to the retiree's estate. Benefit terms provide for annual cost-of-living adjustments to each employee’s retirement allowance. Beginning the second calendar year after the year of retirement, retirement and survivor allowances will be annually adjusted on a compound basis by 2 percent. Employees Covered by Benefit Terms As of the June 30, 2021 actuarial valuation date (most current), the following employees were covered by the benefit terms of the Plan: Active employees 205 Transferred and terminated employees 169 Retired Employees and Beneficiaries 273 Total 647 114 CC 07-09-2024 114 of 376 City of Cupertino Notes to the Basic Financial Statements (Continued) For the Year Ended June 30, 2023 86 Note 8 – Defined Benefit Pension Plan (Continued) A. General Information about the Pension Plan (Continued) Contributions Section 20814(c) of the California Public Employees' Retirement Law requires that the employer contribution rates for all public employers be determined on an annual basis by the actuary and shall be effective on the July 1 following notice of a change in the rate. Funding contributions for both Plans are determined annually on an actuarial basis as of June 30 by CalPERS. The actuarially determined rate is the estimated amount necessary to finance the costs of benefits earned by employees during the year, with an additional amount to finance any unfunded accrued liability. The City is required to contribute the difference between the actuarially determined rate and the contribution rate of employees. B. Net Pension Liability Actuarial Methods and Assumptions Used to Determine Total Pension Liability The June 30, 2021 valuation was rolled forward to determine the June 30, 2022 total pension liability, based on the following actuarial methods and assumptions: Actuarial Cost Method Actuarial Assumptions: Discount Rate 6.90% Inflation 2.30% Salary Increases Mortality Rate Table1 Post Retirement Benefit Increase 1The mortality table used was developed based on CalPERS-specific data. The probabilities of mortality are based on the 2021 CalPERS Experience Study for the period from 2001 to 2019. Pre-retirement and Post-retirement mortality rates include generational mortality improvement using 80% of Scale MP-2020 published by the Society of Actuaries. For more details on this table, please refer to the CalPERS Experience Study and Review of Actuarial Assumptions report from November 2021 that can be found on the CalPERS website. Entry Age Normal in accordance with the requirement of GASB Statement No. 68 Varies by Entry Age and Service Derived using CalPERS’ Membership Data for all Funds. The lesser of contract COLA or 2.30% until Purchasing Power Protection Allowance floor on purchasing power applies, 2.30% thereafter Change of Assumptions Effective with the June 30, 2021 valuation date (2022 measurement date), the accounting discount rate was reduced from 7.15% to 6.90%. In determining the long-term expected rate of return, CalPERS took into account long-term market return expectations as well as the expected pension fund cash flows. Projected returns for all asset classes are estimated, combined with risk estimates, and are used to project compound (geometric) returns over the long term. The discount rate used to discount liabilities was informed by the long-term projected portfolio return. In addition, demographic assumptions and the inflation rate assumption were changed in accordance with the 2021 CalPERS Experience Study and Review of Actuarial Assumptions. 115 CC 07-09-2024 115 of 376 City of Cupertino Notes to the Basic Financial Statements (Continued) For the Year Ended June 30, 2023 87 Note 8 – Defined Benefit Pension Plan (Continued) B. Net Pension Liability (Continued) Long-term Expected Rate of Return The long-term expected rate of return on pension plan investments was determined using a building-block method in which expected future real rates of return (expected returns, net of pension plan investment expense and inflation) are developed for each major asset class. In determining the long-term expected rate of return, CalPERS took into account both short-term and long-term market return expectations. Using historical returns of all of the funds’ asset classes, expected compound geometric) returns were calculated over the next 20 years using a building-block approach. The expected rate of return was then adjusted to account for assumed administrative expenses of 10 Basis points. The expected real rates of return by asset class are as follows: Asset Class1 Assumed Asset Allocation Real Return 1,2 Global Equity - Cap-weighted 30.00%4.54% Global Equity - Non-Cap-weighted 12.00%3.84% Private Equity 13.00%7.28% Treasury 5.00%0.27% Mortgage-backed Securities 5.00%0.50% Investment Grade Corporates 10.00%1.56% High Yield 5.00%2.27% Emerging Market Debt 5.00%2.48% Private Debt 5.00%3.57% Real Assets 15.00%3.21% Leverage -5.00%-0.59% 100.00% 1An expected inflation of 2.30% used for this period. 2 Figures are based on the 2021 Asset Liability Management study. Discount Rate The discount rate used to measure the total pension liability was 6.90%. The projection of cash flows used to determine the discount rate assumed that contributions from plan members will be made at the current member contribution rates and that contributions from employers will be made at statutorily required rates, actuarially determined. Based on those assumptions, the Plan’s fiduciary net position was projected to be available to make all projected future benefit payments of current plan members. Therefore, the long-term expected rate of return on plan investments was applied to all periods of projected benefit payments to determine the total pension liability. 116 CC 07-09-2024 116 of 376 City of Cupertino Notes to the Basic Financial Statements (Continued) For the Year Ended June 30, 2023 88 Note 8 – Defined Benefit Pension Plan (Continued) C. Changes in the Net Pension Liability The following table shows the changes in net pension liability for the City’s Miscellaneous Plan recognized over the measurement period. Total Pension Liability (a) Plan Fiduciary Net Position (b) Net Pension Liability c) = (a) - (b) Balance at June 30, 2021 (Valuation Date)161,180,149$ 127,121,572$ 34,058,577$ Changes in the year: Service cost 3,614,486 - 3,614,486 Interest on the total pension liability 11,312,835 - 11,312,835 Change of Benefit Terms - - - Change of Assumptions 5,380,881 - 5,380,881 Differences between actual and expected experien (188,249) - (188,249) Contribution - employer - 6,396,030 (6,396,030) Contribution - employee - 1,632,861 (1,632,861) Net investment income - (9,612,070) 9,612,070 Administrative expenses - (79,189) 79,189 Other miscellaneous income/(expenses) - - - Benefit payments, including refunds of employee contributions (8,451,800) ( 8,451,800) - Net Changes during July 1, 2021 to June 30, 2022 11,668,153 ( 10,114,168) 21,782,321 Balance at June 30, 2022 (Measurement Date)172,848,302$ 117,007,404$ 55,840,898$ Miscellaneous Plan Increase (Decrease) Sensitivity of the Net Pension Liability to Changes in the Discount Rate The following presents the net pension liability of the plans as of the measurement date, calculated using the discount rate of 6.90%, as well as what the net pension liability would be if it were calculated using a discount rate that is 1 percentage-point lower (5.90%) or 1 percentage-point higher (7.90%) than the current rate: Discount Rate Current Discount Discount Rate 1% (5.90%) Rate (6.90%) + 1% (7.90%) Miscellaneous Plan 79,168,477$ 55,840,898$ 36,670,370$ Plan's Net Pension Liability/(Asset) Pension Plan Fiduciary Net Position Detailed information about the plan’s fiduciary net position is available in the separately issued CalPERS financial report. 117 CC 07-09-2024 117 of 376 City of Cupertino Notes to the Basic Financial Statements (Continued) For the Year Ended June 30, 2023 89 Note 8 – Defined Benefit Pension Plan (Continued) C. Changes in the Net Pension Liability (Continued) Pension Expense (Credit) and Deferred Outflows and Deferred Inflows of Resources Related to Pensions For the year ended June 30, 2023, the City recognized pension expense of $8,200,508. As of June 30, 2023, the City reported deferred outflows of resources and deferred inflows of resources related to pensions from the following sources: Deferred outflows Deferred inflows of Resources of Resources Pension contribution made after measurement date 7,183,364$ -$ Changes of assumptions 3,926,589 - Difference between expected and actual experience 1,057,512 (137,371) Net difference between projected and actual earning on pension plan investments 5,958,588 - Total 18,126,053$ (137,371)$ Miscellaneous Plan The amounts above are net of outflows and inflows recognized in the 2021-22 measurement period expense. The expected average remaining service lifetime (“EARSL”) is calculated by dividing the total future service years by the total number of plan participants (active, inactive, and retired). The EARSL for the miscellaneous plan for the 2021-22 measurement period is 3.7 years, which was obtained by dividing the total service years of 2,275 (the sum of remaining service lifetimes of the active employees) by 612 (the total number of participants: active, inactive, and retired). The $7,183,364 of contributions for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2023 reported as deferred outflows of resources related to contributions subsequent to the measurement date will be recognized as a reduction of the net pension liability in the year ending June 30, 2024. Other amounts reported as deferred inflows of resources related to pensions will be recognized as pension expense as follows: Measurement Period Ending June 30 2023 3,069,776$ 2024 2,637,405 2025 1,426,385 2026 3,671,752 2027 - Thereafter - Total 10,805,318$ Deferred Outflows/(Inflows) 118 CC 07-09-2024 118 of 376 City of Cupertino Notes to the Basic Financial Statements (Continued) For the Year Ended June 30, 2023 90 Note 9 – Other Post Employment Benefits (OPEB) A. General Information about the OPEB Plan Plan Description Permanent employees who retire under the City's CalPERS retirement plan are, pursuant to their respective collective bargaining agreements, eligible to have their medical insurance premiums paid by the City. Retirees receive the amount necessary to pay the cost of his/her enrollment, including the enrollment of his/her family members, in a health benefit plan provided by CalPERS up to the maximum received by active employees in their respective bargaining unit. The City contracts with CalPERS for this insured-benefit plan established under the state Public Employees' Medical and Hospital Care Act (PEMHCA). The plan offers employees and retirees three CalPERS' self-funded options, setup as insurance risk pools, or offers various third-party insured health plans. The plan's medical benefits and premium rates are established by CalPERS and the insurance providers. The City contribution is established by City resolution. Retirees and active employees pay the difference between the premium rate and the City's contribution. Premiums and City contributions are based on the plan and coverage selected by actives and retirees, with the City's potential contribution ranging from zero to $1,605 per month per employee or retiree. The responsibility for benefit payments has transferred to the insurers and the City does not guarantee the benefits in the event of default by the insurers. A comprehensive annual financial report of CalPERS, inclusive of their benefit plans, is available at www.calpers.ca.gov. The City participates in the Public Agency Retirement System (PARS) Public Agencies Post Retirement Health Care Plan Trust Program (PARS Trust), an agent-multiple employer irrevocable trust established to fund other postemployment benefits. The City Council adopted the PARS Public Agencies Post-Retirement Health Care Plan Trust, including the PARS Public Agencies Post-Retirement Health Care Plan, to fund medical insurance costs for its retired employees, effective February 17, 2010. The City Council appointed the City Treasurer, or his/her successor or his/her designee as the City’s plan administrator. The plan administrator is authorized to execute the PARS legal documents on behalf of the City and to take whatever additional actions necessary to maintain the City’s participation in the Program and to maintain compliance of any relevant regulation issued or as may be issued; therefore, authorizing him/her to take whatever additional actions are required to administer the City’s PARS Plan. The PARS Trust is approved by the Internal Revenue Code Section 115 and invests funds in equity, bond, and money market mutual funds. Copies of PARS Trust annual financial report is available at the City's Finance Department. An employee is eligible for lifetime medical benefits under the OPEB Plan, along with his/her spouse or declared domestic partner at the time of retirement, if all criteria listed below are met: The employee was hired or the City Council member was elected prior to August 1, 2004, and the employee has five or more full-time years of service and the City Council member has five or more years of elected service with the City of Cupertino; or The employee was hired or the City Council member was elected on or after August 1, 2004, and the employee has ten or more full-time and/or elected years of CalPERS service, five years of which must be from the City of Cupertino; and The employee is eligible for retirement as defined under the CalPERS retirement system; and the employee retires from the City of Cupertino. 119 CC 07-09-2024 119 of 376 City of Cupertino Notes to the Basic Financial Statements (Continued) For the Year Ended June 30, 2023 91 Note 9 – Other Post Employment Benefits (OPEB) (Continued) A. General Information about the OPEB Plan (Continued) Plan Description (Continued) In addition, the eligible employee's dependent children at the time of retirement who are under 23 years old are eligible for medical benefits. In addition to extending the eligibility of dependents from age 23 to age 26 in accordance with the recent healthcare reform act, effective July 1, 2010, employees that retire or resign from service with the City of Cupertino and who are not eligible for retiree medical benefits can continue on the City's medical and dental plans provided that they pay the premiums in full. Plan Members Covered by Benefit Terms At June 30, 2023 (the latest information available), Plan membership consisted of the following: Inactive plan members or beneficiaries currently receiving benefit payments 156 Inactive plan members entitled to but not yet receiving benefit payments 0 Active plan members 171 327 Contributions OPEB Plan contributions are set by the adopted budget. The cost of the benefits provided by the OPEB Plan is currently being paid by the City on a fully pre-funded basis. Based on the actuarial valuation date of June 30, 2023, the annual required contribution rate is 7.3 percent of annual covered payroll. For the year ended June 30, 2023, the City paid $1,753,000 in healthcare premium payments including implied subsidy. Plan members are not required to contribute to the plan. B. Net OPEB Liability The City’s net OPEB liability was measured as of June 30, 2023 and the total OPEB liability used to calculate the net OPEB liability was determined by an actuarial valuation as of July 1, 2023. Standard actuarial update procedures were used to project/discount from valuation to measurement dates. Investment Rate of Return The long-term expected rate of return on OPEB plan investments was determined using a building-block method in which best-estimate ranges of expected future real rates of return (expected returns, net of investment expense and inflation) are developed for each major asset class. These ranges are combined to produce the long-term expected rate of return by weighting the expected future real rates of return by the target asset allocation percentage and by adding expected inflation. Best estimates of geometric real rates of return for each major asset class included in the target asset allocation as of June 30, 2023 (see the discussion of the Plan’s investment policy) are summarized in the following table: 120 CC 07-09-2024 120 of 376 City of Cupertino Notes to the Basic Financial Statements (Continued) For the Year Ended June 30, 2023 92 Note 9 – Other Post Employment Benefits (OPEB) (Continued) B. Net OPEB Liability (Continued) Investment Rate of Return (Continued) Asset Class Long-Term Expected Real Rate of Return Fixed income - core 5.17% Fixed income - high yield 8.06% Equities - domestic 6.96% Equities - developed foreign 9.94% Equities - emerging foreign 11.22% Real estate 7.67% Cash 2.95% Investment Policy The Plan’s policy in regard to the allocation of invested assets is established and may be amended by the City Council by a majority vote of its members. It is the policy of the City Council to pursue an investment strategy that reduces risk through the prudent diversification of the portfolio across a broad selection of distinct asset classes. The Plan’s investment policy discourages the use of cash equivalents, except for liquidity purposes, and aims to refrain from dramatically shifting asset class allocations over short time spans. The following was the City Council’s adopted asset allocation policy as of June 30, 2023: Asset Class Target Allocation Fixed income 29.00% Equities 63.00% Real estate 5.00% Commodities 2.00% Cash 1.00% Total 100.00% Concentrations The Plan did not have investments outside of mutual funds that comprise five percent or more of the Plan’s total fiduciary net position. Rate of Return For the year ended June 30, 2023, the annual money-weighted rate of return on investments, net of investment expense, was 10.94 percent. The money-weighted rate of return expresses investment performance, net of investment expense, adjusted for the changing amounts actually invested. 121 CC 07-09-2024 121 of 376 City of Cupertino Notes to the Basic Financial Statements (Continued) For the Year Ended June 30, 2023 93 Note 9 – Other Post Employment Benefits (OPEB) (Continued) B. Net OPEB Liability (Continued) Actuarial Assumptions The total OPEB liability was determined by an actuarial valuation as of July 1, 2023, using the previously listed actuarial assumptions, applied to all periods included in the measurement, unless otherwise specified. Mortality rates were based on the CalPERS mortality assumptions. Projections of benefits for financial reporting purposes are based on the substantive plan (the plan as understood by the employer and the plan members) and include the types of benefits provided at the time of each valuation and the historical pattern of sharing of benefit costs between the employer and plan members to that point. The actuarial methods and assumptions used include techniques that are designed to reduce effects of short-term volatility in actuarial accrued liabilities and the actuarial value of assets, consistent with long-term perspective of the calculations. The other significant actuarial assumptions used to prepare the City's June 30, 2023 actuarial valuation include the following: Valuation date:June 30, 2023 Measurement date:June 30, 2023 Actuarial Cost Method:Entry Age Normal Amortization Method:Level percent of pay closed, 5.5 years as of June 30, 2023 Amortization Period:10 year Asset Valuation Method:Market value of Assets Actuarial Assumptions: Discount Rate 6.50% Amortization growth rate 2.75% Ultimate Rate of Medical Inflation 4.25% Salary increases 2.75% plus merit component based on years of service Mortality CalPERS mortality assumptions Discount Rate The discount rate used to measure the total OPEB liability was 6.5 percent. The projection of cash flows used to determine the discount rate assumed that City contributions will be made at rates equal to the actuarially determined contribution rates. Based on those assumptions, the OPEB plan’s fiduciary net position was projected to be available to make all projected future benefit payments of current plan members. Therefore, the long-term expected rate of return on OPEB plan investments was applied to all periods of projected benefit payments to determine the total OPEB liability. 122 CC 07-09-2024 122 of 376 City of Cupertino Notes to the Basic Financial Statements (Continued) For the Year Ended June 30, 2023 94 Note 9 – Other Post Employment Benefits (OPEB) (Continued) C. Change in Net OPEB Liability Changes in the Net OPEB Liability: The changes in the City’s net OPEB liability (asset) are: Total OPEB Liability (a) Plan Fiduciary Net Position (b) Net OPEB Liability Asset) c) = (a) - (b) Balance at June 30, 2022 29,871,000$ 31,340,000$ (1,469,000)$ Changes in the year Service cost 1,260,000 - 1,260,000 Interest on the total OPEB liability 1,967,000 - 1,967,000 Change of assumptions (492,000) - (492,000) Differences between actual and expected experience 4,437,000 - 4,437,000 Contribution - employer - 1,753,000 (1,753,000) Contribution - employee - - - Net investment income - 3,484,000 (3,484,000) Administrative expenses - (116,000) 116,000 Benefit payments, including refunds of Employee contributions (1,753,000) (1,753,000) - Net Changes during July 1, 2021 to June 30, 2022 5,419,000 3,368,000 2,051,000 Balance at June 30, 2023 (Measurement Date) 35,290,000$ 34,708,000$ 582,000$ Net Increase (Decrease) Sensitivity of the net OPEB Liability (Asset) to Changes in the Discount Rate The following presents the net OPEB asset of the City, as well as what the City’s net OPEB liability would be if it were calculated using a discount rate that is one-percentage-point lower (5.5 percent) or one-percentage-point higher (7.5 percent) than the current discount rate: 1% Decrease 5.50% Current Discount Rate 6.50% 1% Increase 7.50% 4,827,000$ 582,000$ (2,959,000)$ Plan's Net OPEB Liability/(Asset) Sensitivity of the Net OPEB Liability (Asset) to Changes in the Health Care Cost Trend Rates The following presents the net OPEB asset of the City, as well as what the City’s net OPEB liability would be if it were calculated using healthcare cost trend rates that are one-percentage-point lower (decreasing to 3.5 percent) or one-percentage-point higher (increasing to 5.5 percent) than the current healthcare cost trend rates: 1% Decrease Current Healthcare Cost Trend Rate 1% Increase 3,119,000)$ 582,000$ 5,110,000$ Plan's Net OPEB Liability/(Asset) 123 CC 07-09-2024 123 of 376 City of Cupertino Notes to the Basic Financial Statements (Continued) For the Year Ended June 30, 2023 95 Note 9 – Other Post Employment Benefits (OPEB) (Continued) D. OPEB Expense and Deferred Inflows of Resources Related to OPEB For the year ended June 30, 2023, the City recognized OPEB expense of $1,779,000. As of June 30, 2023, the City reported deferred inflows of resources related to OPEB from the following sources: Deferred Outflows of Resources Deferred Inflows of Resources Net difference between projected and actual earnings on investments 1,864,000$ -$ Differences between expected and actual experience 3,697,000 1,874,000 Changes in assumption 609,000 410,000 6,170,000$ 2,284,000$ OPEB Plan The difference between projected OPEB plan investment earnings and actual earnings is amortized over a five-year period. The remaining gains and losses are amortized over the expected average remaining service life. The expected average remaining service life is 6 years, which was determined as of June 30, 2022, the beginning of the measurement period, for employees covered by the OPEB plan benefit terms. Amounts reported as deferred inflows of resources related to OPEB will be recognized as OPEB expense as follows: Measurement Period Ending June 30 2024 696,000$ 2025 (8,000) 2026 2,176,000 2027 367,000 2028 655,000 Thereafter - Total 3,886,000$ Deferred Outflows/(Inflows) Note 10 – Liabilities Under Self-Insurance and Risk Management General and Property Liability: The City is self-insured for the first $250,000 of general and property liability for each occurrence, and the excess (up to $10,000,000 for each occurrence and annual aggregate) is covered through the City's participation in the Pooled Liability Assurance Network Joint Powers Authority (PLAN JPA – formerly the Association of Bay Area Governments Pooled Liability Assurance Network or ABAG PLAN). The risk pool consists of 28 agencies within the San Francisco Bay Area. The stated purpose of the PLAN JPA is to provide certain levels of liability insurance coverage, claims management, risk management services, and legal defense to its participating members. PLAN JPA is governed by a Board of Directors, which comprises officials appointed by each participating member. Premiums paid to PLAN JPA are subject to possible refund based on the results of actuarial studies and approval by the Board of Directors. Complete financial statements for PLAN JPA may be obtained from their offices at the following address: PLAN JPA, c/o Sedgwick, 1750 Creekside Oaks Drive Suite 200, Sacramento, CA, 95833. Premiums are revised each year based on the City's claims experience and risk exposure. For the year ended June 30, 2023, the City paid the PLAN JPA premiums of $1,263,191. 124 CC 07-09-2024 124 of 376 City of Cupertino Notes to the Basic Financial Statements (Continued) For the Year Ended June 30, 2023 96 Note 10 – Liabilities Under Self-Insurance and Risk Management (Continued) Workers' Compensation Liability: The City belongs to the CSAC Excess Insurance Authority (EIA), a joint power authority which provides excess workers' compensation liability claims coverage above the City's self-insured retention of $500,000 per occurrence. Losses above the self-insured retention are pooled with excess reinsurance purchased to a 50,000,000 statutory limit. EIA was established in 1979 for the purpose of creating a risk management pool for all California public entities. EIA is governed by a Board of Directors consisting of representatives of its member public entities. Complete financial statements for ETA may be obtained from their offices at the following address: CSAC Excess Insurance Authority, Finance Department, EIA 75 Iron Point Circle, Suite 200, Folsom, CA 95630. For the year ended June 30, 2023, the City paid premiums of $158,781. It is the City's practice to obtain biennial actuarial studies for the self-insured workers' compensation liability. The claims liabilities included in the workers' compensation internal service fund is based on the results of actuarial studies and include amounts for claims incurred but not reported and loss adjustment expenses. Claim liabilities are calculated considering the effects of inflation, recent claim settlement trends, including frequency and amount of payouts, and other economic and social factors. Inflation of 2.5 percent, annual rate of return of two percent, claim severity increase at 2.5 percent were assumed. In the current year, management used actuarial estimates based on a 90 percent confidence level. Settlements have not exceeded insurance coverage in the past three years. Changes in the balances of workers' compensation and general claims liabilities during the years ended June 30 are as follows: 2023 2022 Claims liability, beginning of year 1,569,000$ 1,374,000$ Incurred claims and changes in estimate 1,122,626 671,344 Claim payments and credits (468,840) (476,344) Total claims liability, end of year 2,222,786 1,569,000 Less current portion (382,000) (282,000) Non-current portion 1,840,786$ 1,287,000$ Note 11 – Net Position and Fund Balances A. Net Investment in Capital Assets The following is the calculation of net investment in capital assets at June 30, 2023: Governmental Business-Type Activities Activities Capital assets, net of accumulated depreciation and amortization 219,167,964$ 2,109,592$ Add: deferred charges on refunding 159,478 - Less: outstanding principal on capital related debts (16,065,000) - Less: bond premium (2,784,711) - Less: subscription liabilities (2,027,290) - Net investment in capital assets 198,450,441$ 2,109,592$ 125 CC 07-09-2024 125 of 376 City of Cupertino Notes to the Basic Financial Statements (Continued) For the Year Ended June 30, 2023 97 Note 11 – Net Position and Fund Balances (Continued) B. Fund Balance Classifications At June 30, 2023, fund balances are classified in the governmental funds as follows: General Transportation Housing Development Public Facilities Corporation Debt Service Fund Capital Investments Projects Capital Projects Fund Nonmajor Governmental Funds Total Nonspendable: Loans receivable 970,962$ -$ 5,402,316$ -$ -$ -$ 6,373, 278$ Advances to other funds 3,000,000 - - - - - 3,000, 000 Inventories 21,383 - - - - - 21,383 Prepaid items 8,243 - - - - - 8,243 Subtotal 4,000,588 - 5,402,316 - - - 9,402, 904 Restricted for: Public access television - - - - - - - Debt service - - - - - - - PARS Section 115 Trust 19,088,859 - - - - - 19,088, 859 Public safety power shutoff - - - - - - - Debt services - - - 1,750 - - 1,750 Storm drain system - - - - - 3,993, 672 3,993,672 Parks and open space - - - - - 18,763,732 18,763,732 Environmental management - - - - - 1,220, 134 1,220,134 Streets and road projects - 10,586,674 - - - 770,107 11,356,781 Housing programs - - 11,492,607 - - - 11,492,607 Subtotal 19,088,859 10,586,674 11,492,607 1,750 - 24,747,645 65,917,535 Committed for: Economic uncertainty 24,000,000 - - - - - 24,000,000 Sustainability reserve 127,891 - - - - - 127,891 Capital project reserve 10,000,000 - - - - - 10,000, 000 Subtotal 34,127,891 - - - - - 34,127, 891 Assigned to: Encumbrances 9,735,187 - - - - - 9,735,187 Capital projects - - - - 34,767,194 157,343 34,924,537 Subtotal 9,735,187 - - - 34,767,194 157,343 44,659,724 Un assigned 71,603,813 - - - - - 71,603, 813 Total 138,556,338$ 10,586, 674$ 16,894,923$ 1,750$ 34,767,194$ 24,904, 988$ 225, 711,867$ Note 12 – Commitments and Contingencies A. Federal and State Grants The City participates in a number of federal and state grant programs subject to financial and compliance audits by the grantors or their representatives. Audits of certain grant programs, including those for the year ended June 30, 2023, have yet to be conducted. The amount, if any, of expenditures that may be disallowed by the granting agencies cannot be determined at this time. Management believes that such disallowances, if any, would not have a material effect on the financial statements. 126 CC 07-09-2024 126 of 376 City of Cupertino Notes to the Basic Financial Statements (Continued) For the Year Ended June 30, 2023 98 Note 12 – Commitments and Contingencies (Continued) B. Encumbrances The City uses encumbrances to control expenditure commitments for the year. Encumbrances represent commitments related to executor contracts not yet performed and purchase orders not yet filled. Commitments for such expenditure of monies are encumbered to reserve a portion of applicable appropriations. Encumbrances still open at year end are not accounted for as expenditures and liabilities, but as restricted, or assigned fund balance. As of June 30, 2023, the City had the following encumbrances outstanding: Governmental Funds: General Fund 9,735,187$ Transportation Special Revenue Fund 1,998,991 Capital Improvements Projects Capital Projects Fund 1,994,887 Housing Development Special Revenue Fund 3,666 Nonmajor Governmental Funds 2,106,625 Proprietary Funds: Resource Recovery Enterprise Fund 284,540 Cupertino Sports Center Enterprise Fund 7,925 Nonmajor Enterprise Fund 5,858 Internal Service Funds 1,001,388 Total Encumbrances 17,139,067$ C. Consulting Agreement for Sales Taxes The City entered into agreements (commitments) with two companies to provide services consisting of the assessment and creation of new sales and use tax revenue sources for the City. The City agreed to pay the companies based on a sliding scale payment schedule dependent on the level of new sales tax revenue realized by the City as defined in the consulting agreements. These agreements qualify as tax abatements under the provisions of GASB Statement 77. For the year ended June 30, 2023, the City abated taxes totaling $9,056,208. D. Santa Clara County Vehicle Registration Fee (VRF) The City is required to report VRF revenues, expenditures and fund balances for the year ended June 30, 2023: VRF Balance as of July 1, 2022 -$ VRF Revenue 343,735 VRF Interest - VRF Expended (343,735) VRF Balance as of June 30, 2023 -$ 127 CC 07-09-2024 127 of 376 City of Cupertino Notes to the Basic Financial Statements (Continued) For the Year Ended June 30, 2023 99 Note 12 – Commitments and Contingencies (Continued) E. Unasserted Claim The City is aware of a probable reallocation of sales and use tax revenues pursuant to Revenue and Taxation Code Section 7209. Given the limited information available about this matter, the City is not able to predict the likelihood of an unfavorable outcome or the amount or the range of any potential loss. However, the City had $56.5 million reserved for the potential reallocation. Note 13 – Concentration Risk The City has an economic dependency on revenues generated directly or indirectly from one company. For the year ended June 30, 2023, more than 10 percent of the City General Fund's total revenues are derived from the company. The City's operations would be adversely impacted if there are any significant declines in taxes received from the company. Note 14 – Prior Period Adjustments A. Government-Wide Financial Statements The beginning net position was restated as following: Governmental Activities Net position at July 1, 2022, as previously reported 358,321,213$ Correction on the interest receivable related to loans 1,562,736 Net position at July 1, 2022, as restated 359,883,949$ B. Governmental Fund Financial Statements The beginning fund balance was restated as following: Housing Development Special General Fund Revenue Fund Total Fund balances at July 1, 2022, as previously reported 110,169,554$ 7,177,611$ 117,347,165$ Interest receivable related to loans 509,278 1,053,458 1,562,736 Restatement of unavailable revenue from loan receivable to fund balance - 3,672,000 3,672,000 Fund balances at July 1, 2022, as restated 110,678,832$ 11,903,069$ 121,019,165$ 128 CC 07-09-2024 128 of 376 100 This page intentionally left blank. 129 CC 07-09-2024 129 of 376 REQUIRED SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION (UNAUDITED) 101 130 CC 07-09-2024 130 of 376 This page intentionally left blank. 102 131 CC 07-09-2024 131 of 376 Original Final Variance with Budget Budget Actual Final Budget REVENUES: Taxes: Property 30,039,574$ 30,039,574$ 31,889,638$ 1,850,064$ Sales 31,944,089 31,944,089 34,819,341 2,875,252 Transient occupancy 5,000,000 6,000,000 7,062,150 1,062,150 Utility user 2,955,404 2,955,404 4,103,906 1,148,502 Franchise 3,230,101 3,230,101 3,995,018 764,917 Other 1,787,691 1,787,691 1,471,789 (315,902) Use of money and property 1,275,113 1,275,113 3,033,683 1,758,570 Intergovernmental 1,434,491 7,946,051 7,771,411 (174,640) Licenses and permits 3,541,012 34,057,523 4,093,631 ( 29,963,892) Charges for services 11,798,652 14,427,740 11,113,598 (3,314,142) Fines and forfeitures 427,000 427,000 303,573 (123,427) Other revenue 1,160,437 1,182,892 1,306,455 123,563 Total revenues 94,593,564 135,273,178 110,964,193 ( 24,308,985) EXPENDITURES: Current: Administration 10,944,795 10,164,030 7,602,232 2,561,798 Law enforcement 16,814,519 16,814,519 15,276,950 1,537,569 Innovation and technology 3,321,862 2,774,746 1,825,667 949,079 Administrative services 7,386,069 7,278,861 5,976,301 1,302,560 Recreation services 7,461,888 7,663,132 5,432,183 2,230,949 Community development 11,348,827 12,781,783 10,666,834 2,114,949 Public works 25,580,835 27,184,374 23,879,927 3,304,447 Capital outlay 306,000 287,292 1,263,412 (976,120) Debt service: Principal - - 626,181 (626,181) Interest and fiscal charges - - 18,540 (18,540) TOTAL EXPENDITURES 83,164,795 84,948,737 72,568,227 12,380,510 EXCESS OF REVENUES OVER EXPENDITURES 11,428,769 50,324,441 38,395,966 ( 11,928,475) OTHER FINANCING SOURCES (USES): Inception of subscription liability - - 964,745 964,745 Transfers in 61,140 861,140 861,140 - Transfers out (11,996,300) (12,453,213) (12,344,345) 108,868 Total other financing sources (uses)(11,935,160) (11,592,073) (10,518,460) 1,073,613 NET CHANGE IN FUND BALANCE (506,391)$ 38,732,368$ 27,877,506 ( 10,854,862)$ FUND BALANCE: Beginning of year, as restated (Note 14) 110,678,832 End of year 138,556,338$ City of Cupertino Required Supplementary Information Budgetary Comparison Schedule - General Fund For the Year Ended June 30, 2023 103 132 CC 07-09-2024 132 of 376 Original Final Variance with Budget Budget Actual Final Budget REVENUES: Use of money and property -$ -$ 211,271$ 211,271$ Intergovernmental 3,008,043 3,008,043 3,385,823 377,780 Charges for services 1,654 1,654 34,012 32,358 Other revenue - - 2,000 2,000 Total revenues 3,009,697 3,009,697 3,633,106 623,409 EXPENDITURES: Current: Public works 4,181,513 3,031,021 2,726,550 304,471 Capital outlay 3,217,800 4,944,938 4,950,786 (5,848) TOTAL EXPENDITURES 7,399,313 7,975,959 7,677,336 298,623 EXCESS OF REVENUES OVER EXPENDITURES (4,389,616) (4,966,262) (4,044,230) 922,032 OTHER FINANCING SOURCES (USES): Transfers in 3,000,000 3,000,000 3,000,000 - Transfers out - (197,491) ( 197,491) - Total other financing sources (uses)3,000,000 2,802,509 2,802,509 - NET CHANGE IN FUND BALANCE (1,389,616)$ (2,163,753)$ (1,241,721) 922,032$ FUND BALANCE: Beginning of year 11,828,395 End of year 10,586,674$ City of Cupertino Required Supplementary Information Budgetary Comparison Schedule - Transportation Special Revenue Fund For the Year Ended June 30, 2023 104 133 CC 07-09-2024 133 of 376 Original Final Variance with Budget Budget Actual Final Budget REVENUES: Taxes 8,002,202$ 8,002,202$ 170,824$ (7,831,378)$ Use of money and property 3,300 3,300 194,096 190,796 Intergovernmental 492,181 492,181 196,616 (295,565) Charges for services - - 1,640 1,640 Other revenue - - 28,082 28,082 Total revenues 8,497,683 8,497,683 591,258 (7,906,425) EXPENDITURES: Current: Community development 1,777,397 2,058,310 1,026,720 1,031,590 TOTAL EXPENDITURES 1,777,397 2,058,310 1,026,720 1,031,590 EXCESS OF REVENUES OVER EXPENDITURES 6,720,286 6,439,373 ( 435,462) (6,874,835) OTHER FINANCING SOURCES: Transfers in 25,000 25,000 25,000 - Total other financing sources 25,000 25,000 25,000 - NET CHANGE IN FUND BALANCE 6,745,286$ 6,464,373$ ( 410,462) (6,874,835)$ FUND BALANCE: Beginning of year, as restated (Note 14) 11,903,069 End of year 11,492,607$ City of Cupertino Required Supplementary Information Budgetary Comparison Schedule - Housing Development Special Revenue Fund For the Year Ended June 30, 2023 105 134 CC 07-09-2024 134 of 376 This page intentionally left blank. 106 135 CC 07-09-2024 135 of 376 The budget of the City is a detailed operating plan which identifies estimated costs and results in relation to estimated revenues. The budget includes (1) the programs, projects, services and activities to be provided during the fiscal year; (2) estimated revenue available to finance the operating plan; and (3) the estimated spending requirements of the operating plan. The budget represents a process through which policy decisions are made, implemented and controlled. The City prohibits expending funds for which there is no legal appropriation. Operating appropriations lapse at fiscal year end. In May of each year, the City Manager submits to the City Council a proposed budget for the fiscal year beginning July 1. Public hearings on the proposed budget are held during the month of June and the budgets for all fund types are legally adopted by Resolution prior to June 30. Original budget amounts are presented on the accompanying budgetary statements include these legally adopted amounts. Budgets for governmental funds are adopted on a basis consistent with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. The City's legal level of budgetary control is at the functional level for the general fund and at the fund level for other funds. The City Manager is responsible for controlling the City's expenditures in accordance with the adopted budget. The City Manager is authorized to administer and transfer appropriations between budget accounts within the operating budget when in his opinion such transfers become necessary for administrative purposes. Any revision which increases total appropriations must be approved by the City Council. Requests for additional personnel or capital outlay also require the approval of the City Council. City of Cupertino Required Supplementary Information Notes to the Budgetary Comparison Schedules For the Year Ended June 30, 2023 Budget and Budgetary Accounting 107 136 CC 07-09-2024 136 of 376 Measurement period 2021-22 2020-21 2019-20 2018-19 2017-18 Total pension liability Service cost 3,614,486$ 3,392,942$ 3,241,719$ 3,324,361$ 3,058,629$ Interest 11,312,835 10,907,002 10,302,395 9,800,245 9,065,322 Changes of benefit terms - - - - - Changes of assumptions 5,380,881 - - - (847,606) Differences between expected and actual experience (188,249) 2,212,836 444,188 4,144,384 1,184,340 Benefit payments, including refunds of employee contributions (8,451,800) (7,937,592) (6,815,494) (6,193,271) (6,051,845) Net change in total pension liability 11,668,153 8,575,188 7,172,808 11,075,719 6,408,840 Total pension liability - beginning 161,180,149 152,604,961 145,432,153 134,356,434 127,947,594 Total pension liability - ending (a)172,848,302$ 161,180,149$ 152,604,961$ 145,432,153$ 134,356,434$ Pension fiduciary net position Contributions - employer 6,396,030$ 5,957,595$ 5,308,579$ 4,654,841$ 4,263,020$ Contributions - employee 1,632,861 1,560,532 1,429,446 1,364,731 1,506,888 Net investment income (9,612,070) 23,553,078 4,975,822 6,096,968 7,347,936 Benefit payments, including refunds of employee contributions (8,451,800) (7,937,592) (6,815,494) (6,193,271) (6,051,845) Net Plan to Plan Resource Movement - - - - (216) Administrative expense (79,189) (103,981) (140,036) (66,707) ( 135,263) Other Miscellaneous Income/(Expense)2 - - - 216 (256,867) Net change in plan fiduciary net position (10,114,168) 23,029,632 4,758,317 5,856,778 6,673,653 Plan fiduciary net position - beginning 3 127,121,572 104,091,940 99,333,623 93,476,845 86,803,192 Plan fiduciary net position - ending (b)117,007,404$ 127,121,572$ 104,091,940$ 99,333,623$ 93,476,845$ Plan net pension liability - ending (a) - (b)55,840,898$ 34,058,577$ 48,513,021$ 46,098,530$ 40,879,589$ Plan fiduciary net position as a percentage 67.69% 78.87% 68.21% 68.30% 69.57% of the total pension liability Covered payroll4 20,455,494$ 20,427,103$ 18,662,748$ 18,461,490$ 16,809,349$ Plan net pension liability as a percentage of covered payroll 272.99% 166.73% 259.95% 249.70% 243.20% Notes to Schedule: 3 Includes any beginning of year adjustment. Changes of Benefit Terms: The figures above generallyinclude any liability impact that may have resulted from voluntary benefit changes that occurre d on or before the Measurement Date. However, offers of Two Years Additional Service Credit (a.k.a. Golden Handshakes) that occurred after the Valuation Date are not included in the figures above, unless the liability impact is deemed to be material by the plan actuary. 4 Includes one year’s payroll growth using 2.80% payroll growth assumption for fiscal year ended June 30, 2022; 2.75% payroll growth assumption for fiscal years ended June 30, 2018-21; 3.00% payroll growth assumption for fiscal years ended June 30, 2014-17. City of Cupertino Required Supplementary Information (Unaudited) Schedule of Changes in the Net Pension Liability and Related Ratios For the Year Ended June 30, 2023 Last Ten Fiscal Years 1 1Historical information is presented only for periods after GASB 68 was implemented in 2013-14. Additional years of information will be displayed as it becomes available. Changes of Assumptions: Effective with the June 30, 2021 valuation date (2022 measurement date), the accounting discount rate was reduced from 7.15%to 6.90%. In determining the long-term expected rate of return, CalPERS took into account long-term market return expectations as well as the expected pension fund cash flows. Projected returns for all asset classes are estimated, combined with risk estimates, and are used to project comp ound (geometric) returns over the long term. The discount rate used to discount liabilities was informed by the long-term projected portfolio return. In addition, demographic assumptions and the inflation rate assumption were changed in accordance with the 2021 CalPERS Experience Study and Review of Actuarial Assumptions. The accounting discount rate was 7.15% for measurement dates 2017 through 2021, 7.65% for measurement dates 2015 through 2016, and 7.50% for measurement date 2014. Agent Multiple Employer Defined Benefit Retirement Plan - Miscellaneous Plan 2 During Fiscal Year 2017-18, as a result of Governmental Accounting Standards Board Statement (GASB) No. 75, Accounting and Financial Reporting for Postemployment Benefit Plans Other than Pensions (GASB 75), CalPERS reported its proportionate share of activity related to postemployment benefits for participation in the State of California’s agent OPEB plan. Accordingly, CalPERS recorded a one-time expense as a result of the adoption of GASB 75. Additionally, CalPERS employees participate in various State of California agent pension plans and during Fiscal Year 2017 - 18, CalPERS recorded a correction to previously reported financial statements to properly reflect its proportionate share of activity related to pensions in accordance with GASB Statement No. 68,Accounting and Financial Reporting for Pensions (GASB 68). 108 137 CC 07-09-2024 137 of 376 Measurement period 2016-17 2015-16 2014-15 2013-14 Total pension liability Service cost 2,895,549$ 2,525,314$ 2,444,939$ 2,504,228$ Interest 8,619,588 8,253,983 7,789,134 7,349,943 Changes of benefit terms - - - - Changes of assumptions 7,125,558 - (1,883,633) - Differences between expected and actual experience (182,397) 696,347 372,917 - Benefit payments, including refunds of employee contributions (5,346,890) (5,151,298) (4,637,005) (4,351,614) Net change in total pension liability 13,111,408 6,324,346 4,086,352 5,502,557 Total pension liability - beginning 114,836,186 108,511,840 104,425,488 98,922,931 Total pension liability - ending (a)127,947,594$ 114,836,186$ 108,511,840$ 104,425,488$ Pension fiduciary net position Contributions - employer 4,183,822$ 3,659,170$ 3,301,642$ 2,891,986$ Contributions - employee 1,236,052 1,169,921 1,149,894 1,061,884 Net investment income 8,749,288 466,704 1,724,204 11,379,985 Benefit payments, including refunds of employee contributions (5,346,890) (5,151,298) (4,637,005) (4,351,614) Net Plan to Plan Resource Movement - - - - Administrative expense2 (115,304) (47,536) (87,780) - Other Miscellaneous Income/(Expense)2 - - - - Net change in plan fiduciary net position 8,706,968 96,961 1,450,955 10,982,241 Plan fiduciary net position - beginning 3 78,096,224 77,999,263 76,548,308 65,566,067 Plan fiduciary net position - ending (b)86,803,192$ 78,096,224$ 77,999,263$ 76,548,308$ Plan net pension liability - ending (a) - (b)41,144,402$ 36,739,962$ 30,512,577$ 27,877,180$ Plan fiduciary net position as a percentage 67.84% 68.01% 71.88% 73.30% of the total pension liability Covered payroll4 15,595,136$ 14,336,969$ 13,504,966$ 13,080,327$ Plan net pension liability as a percentage of covered payroll 263.83% 256.26% 225.94% 213.12% City of Cupertino Required Supplementary Information (Unaudited) Schedule of Changes in the Net Pension Liability and Related Ratios (Continued) For the Year Ended June 30, 2023 Last Ten Fiscal Years Agent Multiple Employer Defined Benefit Retirement Plan - Miscellaneous Plan 109 138 CC 07-09-2024 138 of 376 Fiscal Year End 2022-23 2021-22 2020-21 2019-20 2018-19 Actuarially determined contribution1 7,183,364$ 6,396,030$ 5,957,595$ 5,308,579$ 4,654,841$ Contributions in relation to the actuarially determined contribution1 (7,183,364) (6,396,030) (5,957,595) (5,308,579) (4,654,841) Contribution deficiency (excess) -$ -$ -$ -$ -$ Covered payroll2 21,028,248$ 20,455,494$ 20,427,103$ 18,662,748$ 18,461,490$ Contributions as a percentage of covered payroll2 34.16% 31.27% 29.17% 28.44% 25.21% Notes to Schedule: Methods and assumptions used to determine contribution rates: Actuarial cost method Entry Age Actuarial Cost Method Amortization method Level percentage of payroll, closed Asset valuation method Fair Value of Assets Inflation 2.50% Salary increases Varies by entry age and service Payroll Growth 2.75% Investment rate of return Retirement age Mortality 7.00% net of pension plan investment and administrative expenses; includes inflation. The probabilities of retirement are based on the 2017 CalPERS Experience study for the period from 1997 to 2015. The probabilities of mortality are based on the 2017 CalPERS Experience Study for the period from 1997 to 2015. Pre-retirement and post-retirement mortality rates include 15 years of projected mortality improvement using 90% of Scale MP-2016 published by the Society of Actuaries . 2 Includes one year’s payroll growth using 2.80% payroll growth assumption for fiscal year ended June 30, 2022; 2.75% payroll growth assumption for fiscal years ended June 30, 2018- 21; 3.00% payroll growth assumption for fiscal years ended June 30, 2014-17. 1 Employers are assumed to make contributions equal to the actuarially determined contributions. However, some employers may choose to make additional contributions towards their unfunded liability. Employer contributions for such plans exceed the actuarially determined contributions. City of Cupertino Required Supplementary Information (Unaudited) Schedule of Plan Contributions - Pension For the Year Ended June 30, 2023 Last Ten Fiscal Years Agent Multiple Employer Defined Benefit Retirement Plan - Miscellaneous Plan The actuarial methods and assumptions used to set the actuarially determined contributions for Fiscal Year 2022-23 were derived from the June 30, 2020 funding valuation report. 110 139 CC 07-09-2024 139 of 376 Fiscal Year End 2017-18 2016-17 2015-16 2014-15 2013-14 Actuarially determined contribution 4,263,020$ 4,183,822$ 3,659,170$ 3,301,642$ 2,891,986$ Contributions in relation to the actuarially determined contribution1 (4,263,020) (4,183,822) (3,659,170) (3,301,642) (2,891,986) Contribution deficiency (excess) -$ -$ -$ -$ -$ Covered payroll2 16,809,349$ 15,595,136$ 14,336,969$ 13,504,966$ 13,080,327$ Contributions as a percentage of covered payroll2 25.36% 26.83% 25.52% 24.45% 22.11% City of Cupertino Required Supplementary Information (Unaudited) Schedule of Plan Contributions - Pension (Continued) For the Year Ended June 30, 2023 Last Ten Fiscal Years Agent Multiple Employer Defined Benefit Retirement Plan - Miscellaneous Plan 111 140 CC 07-09-2024 140 of 376 Measurement period 2022-23 2021-22 2020-21 2019-20 Total OPEB liability Service cost 1,260$ 1,015$ 844$ 1,009$ Interest 1,967 1,921 2,042 1,985 Changes of benefit terms - - - - Difference between expected vs actual experience 4,437 - (4,688) - Changes of assumptions (492) - 640 1,412 Benefit payments, including refunds of employee contributions (1,753) (1,691) (1,550) (1,141) Net change in total OPEB liability 5,419 1,245 (2,712) 3,265 Total OPEB liability - beginning 29,871 28,626 31,338 28,073 Total OPEB liability - ending (a)35,290$ 29,871$ 28,626$ 31,338$ Contributions - employer 1,753 1,691 1,550 1,141 Net investment income 3,484 (6,568) 8,776 219 Benefit payments (1,753) (1,691) (1,550) (1,141) Administrative expense (116) ( 117) ( 121) (67) Net change in fiduciary net position 3,368 (6,685) 8,655 152 Plan fiduciary net position - beginning 31,340 38,025 29,370 29,218 Plan fiduciary net position - ending (b)34,708$ 31,340$ 38,025$ 29,370$ Net OPEB liability (asset) - ending (a-b) 582$ (1,469)$ (9,399)$ 1,968$ Plan fiduciary net position as a percentage 98.35% 104.92% 132.83% 93.72% of the total OPEB liability Covered employee-payroll 3 27,344$ 24,015$ 23,082$ 21,643$ Plan OPEB liability as a percentage of covered payroll 2.13% -6.12% -40.72% 9.09% Notes to Schedule: Fiscal year 2017 was the 1st year of implementation, therefore only seven (7) years are shown. For the Year Ended June 30, 2023 Schedule of Changes in the Net OPEB Liability and Related Ratios Required Supplementary Information (Unaudited) City of Cupertino Single Employer Defined Benefit Other Post Employment Benefit Plan Last Ten Fiscal Years* Expressed in thousands 112 141 CC 07-09-2024 141 of 376 Measurement period 2018-19 2017-18 2016-17 * Total OPEB liability Service cost 865$ 1,008$ 908$ Interest 2,005 1,876 1,781 Changes of benefit terms - - - Actual vs. expected experience (1,808) - - Changes of assumptions (37) - - Benefit payments, including refunds of employee contributions (1,423) (1,419) (1,333) Net change in total OPEB liability (398) 1,465 1,356 Total OPEB liability - beginning 28,471 27,006 25,650 Total OPEB liability - ending (a)28,073$ 28,471$ 27,006$ Contributions - employer 1,423 1,419 1,333 Net investment income 1,259 2,365 2,960 Benefit payments (1,423) (1,419) (1,333) Administrative expense (97) ( 54) (49) Net change in fiduciary net position 1,162 2,311 2,911 Plan fiduciary net position - beginning 28,056 25,745 22,834 Plan fiduciary net position - ending (b)29,218$ 28,056$ 25,745$ Net OPEB liability (asset) - ending (a-b) (1,145)$ 415$ 1,261$ Plan fiduciary net position as a percentage 104.08% 98.54% 95.33% of the total OPEB liability Covered employee-payroll 3 20,086$ 19,153$ 17,255$ Plan OPEB liability as a percentage of covered payroll -5.70% 2.17% 7.31% Notes to Schedule: Fiscal year 2017 was the 1st year of implementation, therefore only seven (7) years are shown. Single Employer Defined Benefit Other Post Employment Benefit Plan Expressed in thousands City of Cupertino Required Supplementary Information (Unaudited) Schedule of Changes in the Net OPEB Liability and Related Ratios (Continued) For the Year Ended June 30, 2023 Last Ten Fiscal Years* 113 142 CC 07-09-2024 142 of 376 2022-23 2021-22 2020-21 2019-20 2018-19 2017-18 2016-17 Actuarially determined contribution 147$ 129$ 124$ 1,401$ 1,300$ 1,362$ 1,117$ Contributions in relation to the actuarially determined contribution 1,753 1,691 1,550 1,141 1,423 1,419 1,333 Contribution deficiency (excess) (1,606)$ (1,562)$ (1,426)$ 260$ ( 123)$ (57)$ (216)$ Covered payroll 27,344$ 24,015$ 23,082$ 21,643$ 20,086$ 19,153$ 17,255$ Contributions as a percentage of covered payroll -6.41% -7.04% -6.72% -5.27% -7.08% -7.41% -7.73% Notes to Schedule: Valuation Date 7/1/2023 Timing Methods and assumptions used to determine contribution rates: Actuarial cost method Entry Age Amortization method Level Percent of Pay, Closed, 5.5 years as of 7/1/2023 Asset valuation method Market value of assets Discount rate 6.50% Amortization growth rate 2.75% Ultimate rate of medical inflation 4.250% Salary increases Mortality Single Employer Defined Benefit OPEB Plan Fiscal year 2017 was the 1st year of implementation, therefore only seven (7) years are shown. City of Cupertino Required Supplementary Information (Unaudited) Schedule of Plan Contributions - Other postemployment Benefits For the Year Ended June 30, 2023 Last Ten Fiscal Years* 2.75% plus merit component based on years of service CalPERS mortality assumptions Actuarially determined contributions are calculated based on the most recently performed actuarial valuation, which for the fiscal year end 2023, was the 7/1/2023 114 143 CC 07-09-2024 143 of 376 SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION 115 144 CC 07-09-2024 144 of 376 This page intentionally left blank. 116 145 CC 07-09-2024 145 of 376 City of Cupertino Major Governmental Funds Other than the General Fund and Special Revenue Funds This section is provided for the presentation of budget-to-actual schedules for the Public Facilities Corporation Debt Service Fund and the Capital Improvement Projects Capital Projects Fund. Although the funds are considered to be major government funds, budget- to- actual information in the required supplementary information is limited to the General Fund and major Special Revenue Funds. All other major governmental fund schedules with such information are therefore included as Supplemental Information. Public Facilities Corporation Debt Service Fund -This fund accounts for the payments of principal and interest on certificates of participation issued to provide for the financing of the Civic Center, Library, Wilson Park, Memorial Park, and other City facilities. Capital Improvement Projects Capital Projects Fund - This fund accounts for activities related to the acquisition or construction of major capital facilities. 117 146 CC 07-09-2024 146 of 376 This page intentionally left blank. 118 147 CC 07-09-2024 147 of 376 Original Final Variance with Budget Budget Actual Final Budget REVENUES: Use of money and property -$ -$ (5,100)$ (5,100)$ Total revenues - - (5,100) (5,100) EXPENDITURES: Current: Administration - - 1,500 (1,500) Debt service: Principal 1,955,000 1,955,000 1,955,000 - Interest and fiscal charges 720,800 720,800 720,800 - Total expenditures 2,675,800 2,675,800 2,677,300 (1,500) EXCESS OF REVENUES OVER UNDER) EXPENDITURES (2,675,800) (2,675,800) (2,682,400) (6,600) OTHER FINANCIN SOURCES: Transfers in 2,675,800 2,675,800 2,675,800 - Total other financing sources 2,675,800 2,675,800 2,675,800 - NET CHANGE IN FUND BALANCE -$ -$ (6,600) (6,600)$ FUND BALANCE: Beginning of year 8,350 End of year 1,750$ City of Cupertino Schedule of Revenues, Expenditures, and Changes in Fund Balance - Budget and Actual Public Facilities Corporation Debt Service Fund For the Year Ended June 30, 2023 119 148 CC 07-09-2024 148 of 376 Original Final Variance with Budget Budget Actual Final Budget REVENUES: Use of money and property -$ -$ (326,691)$ (326,691)$ Intergovernmental - 5,320,973 515,814 (4,805,159) Charges for services - - 51,675 51,675 Other revenue - 610,931 56,522 (554,409) Total revenues - 5,931,904 297,320 (5,634,584) EXPENDITURES: Capital outlay 3,610,000 5,831,818 4,417,593 1,414,225 TOTAL EXPENDITURES 3,610,000 5,831,818 4,417,593 1,414,225 EXCESS OF REVENUES OVER EXPENDITURES (3,610,000) 100,086 (4,120,273) (4,220,359) OTHER FINANCING SOURCES (USES): Transfers in 2,500,000 6,454,311 4,788,757 (1,665,554) Transfers out (23,600) (2,489,154) ( 823,600) 1,665,554 Total other financing sources (uses)2,476,400 3,965,157 3,965,157 - NET CHANGE IN FUND BALANCE (1,133,600)$ 4,065,243$ ( 155,116) (4,220,359)$ FUND BALANCE: Beginning of year 34,922,310 End of year 34,767,194$ City of Cupertino Schedule of Revenues, Expenditures, and Changes in Fund Balance - Budget and Actual Capital Improvement Projects Capital Projects Fund For the Year Ended June 30, 2023 120 149 CC 07-09-2024 149 of 376 Traffic Impact - This fund accounts for development impact fees and related that ensure that new development and redevelopment projects pay their "fair share" to mitigate traffic impacts. CAPITAL PROJECTS FUNDS Capital Projects Funds account for the financial resources committed to the construction or improvement of major facilities. Stevens Creek Corridor Park Capital Projects Fund -This fund accounts for the design and construction of the Stevens Creek Corridor Park projects. Environmental Management I Clean Creeks - This fund accounts for all activities related to operating the non-point source pollution program. A parcel tax provides revenues. NONMAJOR GOVERNMENTAL FUNDS All funds not considered as major funds on the Fund Financial Statements are consolidated in one column entitled "Other Governmental Funds." These non-major funds are identified and included in this supplementary section and includes the City's Special Revenue Funds and Capital Project Funds. Storm Drain Improvement - This fund accounts for the construction and maintenance of storm drain facilities including drainage and sanitary sewer facilities. Revenues were collected from developers as a result of connections to the storm drainage sewer system. Park Dedication - This fund accounts for the activity granted by the business and professions code of the State of California in accordance with the open space and conservation element of the City's General Plan. Revenues of this fund are restricted for the acquisition, improvement, expansion and implementation of the City's parks and recreation facilities. SPECIAL REVENUE FUNDS The Special Revenue Funds are used to account for the proceeds of specific revenue sources that are legally restricted to expenditures for specified purposes. 121 150 CC 07-09-2024 150 of 376 Storm Environmental Drain Park Management/ Traffic Improvement Dedication Clean Creeks Impact ASSETS Cash and investments 3,985,841$ 18,778,647$ 1,227,519$ 767,399$ Accounts receivable - - 15,134 - Interest receivable 14,071 66,271 4,171 2,708 Total assets 3,999,912 18,844,918 1,246,824 770,107 LIABILITIES AND FUND BALANCES Liabilities: Accounts payable and accruals 6,240 81,186 26,690 - Total liabilities 6,240 81,186 26,690 - Fund balances: Restricted 3,993,672 18,763,732 1,220,134 770,107 Assigned - - - - Total fund balances 3,993,672 18,763,732 1,220,134 770,107 Total liabilities and fund balances 3,999,912$ 18,844,918$ 1,246,824$ 770,107$ Special Revenue Funds City of Cupertino Combining Balance Sheet Nonmajor Governmental Funds June 30, 2023 122 151 CC 07-09-2024 151 of 376 Capital Projects Fund Total Nonmajor Stevens Creek Governmental Corridor Park Funds ASSETS Cash and investments 157,343$ 24,916,749$ Accounts receivable - 15,134 Interest receivable - 87,221 Total assets 157,343 25,019,104 LIABILITIES AND FUND BALANCES Liabilities: Accounts payable and accruals - 114,116 Total liabilities - 114,116 Fund balances: Restricted - 24,747,645 Assigned 157,343 157,343 Total fund balances 157,343 24,904,988 Total liabilities and fund balances 157,343$ 25,019,104$ City of Cupertino Combining Balance Sheet (Continued) Nonmajor Governmental Funds June 30, 2023 123 152 CC 07-09-2024 152 of 376 Storm Environmental Drain Park Management/ Traffic Improvement Dedication Clean Creeks Impact Revenues: Taxes 73,912$ 646,767$ -$ -$ Use of money and property 21,801 277,663 4,476 11,710 Charges for services - 4,810 1,498,017 38,200 Fines and forfeitures - - 23,371 - Total revenues 95,713 929,240 1,525,864 49,910 Expenditures: Current: Public works - - 1,615,379 - Capital outlay 135,840 1,757,252 - - Total expenditures 135,840 1,757,252 1,615,379 - Revenues over (under) expenditures (40,127) (828,012) ( 89,515) 49,910 Other financing sources (uses): Transfers out - (1,711,140) - - Total other financing sources (uses)- (1,711,140) - - Net Change in Fund Balances (40,127) (2,539,152) (89,515) 49,910 Fund balances: Beginning of year 4,033,799 21,302,884 1,309,649 720,197 End of year 3,993,672$ 18,763,732$ 1,220,134$ 770,107$ Special Revenue Funds City of Cupertino Combining Statement of Revenues, Expenditures, and Changes in Fund Balance Nonmajor Governmental Funds For the Year Ended June 30, 2023 124 153 CC 07-09-2024 153 of 376 Capital Projects Fund Total Nonmajor Stevens Creek Governmental Corridor Park Funds Revenues: Taxes -$ 720,679$ Use of money and property (803) 314,847 Charges for services - 1,541,027 Fines and forfeitures - 23,371 Total revenues (803) 2,599,924 Expenditures: Current: Public works - 1,615,379 Capital outlay 8,433 1,901,525 Total expenditures 8,433 3,516,904 Revenues over (under) expenditures (9,236) ( 916,980) Other financing sources (uses): Transfers out - (1,711,140) Total other financing sources (uses)- (1,711,140) Net Change in Fund Balances (9,236) (2,628,120) Fund balances: Beginning of year 166,579 27,533,108 End of year 157,343$ 24,904,988$ City of Cupertino Combining Statement of Revenues, Expenditures, and Changes in Fund Balance (Continued) Nonmajor Governmental Funds For the Year Ended June 30, 2023 125 154 CC 07-09-2024 154 of 376 Variance with Final Budget Actual Positive Original Final Amounts (Negative) Revenues: Taxes 201,229$ 201,229$ 73,912$ ( 127,317)$ Use of money and property - - 21,801 21,801 Total revenues 201,229 201,229 95,713 ( 105,516) Expenditures: Capital outlay - 135,840 135,840 - Total expenditures - 135,840 135,840 - Net Change in Fund Balance 201,229$ 65,389$ ( 40,127) ( 105,516)$ Fund balance: Beginning of year 4,033,799 End of year 3,993,672$ Budgeted Amounts City of Cupertino Schedule of Revenues, Expenditures, and Changes in Fund Balance - Budget and Actual Storm Drain Improvement Special Revenue Fund For the Year Ended June 30, 2023 126 155 CC 07-09-2024 155 of 376 Variance with Final Budget Actual Positive Original Final Amounts (Negative) Revenues: Taxes -$ -$ 646,767$ 646,767$ Use of money and property - - 277,663 277,663 Charges for services - - 4,810 4,810 Total Revenues - - 929,240 929,240 Expenditures: Capital outlay - 1,832,007 1,757,252 74,755 Total Expenditures - 1,832,007 1,757,252 74,755 REVENUE OVER UNDER) EXPENDITURES - (1,832,007) ( 828,012) 1,003,995 Other Financing Sources (Uses): Transfers out - (1,650,000) (1,711,140) ( 61,140) Total Other Financing Sources (Uses)- (1,650,000) (1,711,140) ( 61,140) NET CHANGE IN FUND BALANCE -$ (3,482,007)$ (2,539,152) 942,855$ FUND BALANCE: Beginning of Year 21,302,884 End of Year 18,763,732$ City of Cupertino Schedule of Revenues, Expenditures, and Changes in Fund Balance - Budget and Actual For the Year Ended June 30, 2023 Budgeted Amounts Park Dedication Special Revenue Fund 127 156 CC 07-09-2024 156 of 376 Variance with Final Budget Actual Positive Original Final Amounts (Negative) Revenues: Use of money and property 2,248$ 2,248$ 4,476$ 2,228$ Charges for services 1,510,555 1,510,555 1,498,017 (12,538) Fines and forfeitures 68,669 68,669 23,371 ( 45,298) Total Revenues 1,512,803 1,512,803 1,525,864 (10,310) Expenditures: Current: Public works 2,067,399 1,724,715 1,615,379 109,336 Total Expenditures 2,067,399 1,724,715 1,615,379 109,336 NET CHANGE IN FUND BALANCE (554,596)$ ( 211,912)$ ( 89,515) 122,397$ FUND BALANCE: Beginning of Year 1,309,649 End of Year 1,220,134$ Budgeted Amounts City of Cupertino Schedule of Revenues, Expenditures, and Changes in Fund Balance - Budget and Actual Environmental Management/Clean Creeks Special Revenue Fund For the Year Ended June 30, 2023 128 157 CC 07-09-2024 157 of 376 Variance with Final Budget Actual Positive Original Final Amounts (Negative) Revenues: Use of money and property -$ -$ 11,710$ 11,710$ Charges for services - - 38,200 38,200 Total Revenues - - 49,910 49,910 NET CHANGE IN FUND BALANCE -$ -$ 49,910 49,910$ FUND BALANCE: Beginning of Year 720,197 End of Year 770,107$ Budgeted Amounts City of Cupertino Schedule of Revenues, Expenditures, and Changes in Fund Balance - Budget and Actual Traffic Impact Special Revenue Fund For the Year Ended June 30, 2023 129 158 CC 07-09-2024 158 of 376 Variance with Final Budget Actual Positive Original Final Amounts (Negative) Revenues: Use of money and property -$ -$ (803)$ ( 803)$ Total Revenues - - (803) ( 803) Expenditures: Capital outlay - 8,543 8,433 110 Total Expenditures - 8,543 8,433 110 NET CHANGE IN FUND BALANCE -$ (8,543)$ (9,236) (693)$ FUND BALANCE: Beginning of Year 166,579 End of Year 157,343$ Budgeted Amounts City of Cupertino Schedule of Revenues, Expenditures, and Changes in Fund Balance - Budget and Actual Stevens Creek Corridor Park Capital Projects Fund For the Year Ended June 30, 2023 130 159 CC 07-09-2024 159 of 376 NONMAJOR ENTERPRISE FUND Proprietary funds account for City operations financed and operated in a manner similar to a private business enterprise. The intent of the City is that the cost of providing goods and services be financed primarily through user charges. The City has identified the fund below as a nonmajor proprietary fund for fiscal 2022-23. Blackberry Farm Fund - This fund accounts for activities related to operating the City-owned golf course. 131 160 CC 07-09-2024 160 of 376 This page intentionally left blank. 132 161 CC 07-09-2024 161 of 376 Blackberry Farm ASSETS Current assets: Cash and investments 896,941$ Accounts receivable 1,829 Interest receivable 3,136 Total current assets 901,906 Noncurrent assets: Capital assets: Nondepreciable 137,343 Depreciable, net 18,042 Total capital assets 155,385 Total noncurrent assets 155,385 Total assets 1,057,291 DEFERRED OUTFLOWS OF RESOURCES Related to pensions 101,506 Related to other postemployment benefit 18,479 Total deferred outflows of resources 119,985 LIABILITIES Current Liabilities: Accounts payable and accruals 18,976 Compensated absences, current portion 458 Unearned revenue 92,223 Total current liabilities 111,657 Noncurrent liabilities: Compensated absences 9,157 Net pension liability 312,709 Net other postemployment benefit liability 1,743 Total noncurrent liabilities 323,609 Total liabilities 435,266 DEFERRED INFLOW OF RESOURCES Related to pensions 769 Related to other postemployment benefit 6,841 Total deferred inflows of resources 7,610 NET POSITION: Net investment in capital assets 155,385 Unrestricted 579,015 Total net position 734,400$ City of Cupertino Combining Statement of Net Position Nonmajor Enterprise Fund June 30, 2023 133 162 CC 07-09-2024 162 of 376 Blackberry Farm OPERATING REVENUES: Charges for services 570,038$ Others 46,423 Total operating revenues 616,461 OPERATING EXPENSES: Salaries and benefits 233,013 Materials and supplies 208,348 Contractual services 354,975 Depreciation 2,832 Total operating expenses 799,168 OPERATING INCOME (LOSS)(182,707) NONOPERATING REVENUES: Investment income 37,286 Total nonoperating revenues 37,286 INCOME (LOSS) BEFORE TRANSFERS (145,421) TRANSFERS: Transfers in 23,600 Total transfers 23,600 CHANGES IN NET POSITION (121,821) NET POSITION: Beginning of year 856,221 End of year 734,400$ City of Cupertino Combining Statement of Revenues, Expenses, and Changes in Net Position Nonmajor Enterprise Fund For the Year Ended June 30, 2023 134 163 CC 07-09-2024 163 of 376 Blackberry Farm CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES Cash received from customers 612,394$ Cash paid to suppliers for goods and services (582,924) Cash paid to employees for services (245,311) Net cash (used in) operating activities (215,841) CASH FLOWS FROM NONCAPITAL FINANCING ACTIVITIES: Cash received from other funds 23,600 Net cash provided by noncapital financing activities 23,600 CASH FLOWS FROM CAPITAL AND RELATED FINANCING ACTIVITIES: Acquisition of capital assets (137,343) Net cash (used in) capital and related financing activities (137,343) CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES: Interest received 34,150 Net cash provided by investing activities 34,150 Net change in cash and cash equivalents (295,434) RECONCILIATION OF CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS TO STATEMENTOF NET POSITION: Beginning of year 1,192,375 End of year 896,941$ CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS: Cash and investments 896,941$ Total cash and cash equivalents 896,941$ Reconciliation of Operating Income (Loss) to Net Cash (used in) Operating Activities: Operating income (loss)(182,707)$ Adjustments to reconcile operating income (loss) to net cash provided by (used in) operating activities: Depreciation 2,832 Changes in assets and liabilities: Increase)/decrease in accounts receivables (1,659) Increase)/decrease in deferred outflows of resources pension related (42,810) Increase)/decrease in deferred outflows of resources OPEB related (5,380) Increase/(decrease) in accounts payable (19,601) Increase/(decrease) in unearned revenue (2,408) Increase/(decrease) in compensated absences (9,290) Increase/(decrease) in net pension liability 62,474 Increase/(decrease) in OPEB 1,743 Increase/(decrease) in deferred inflows of resources pension related (25,876) Increase/(decrease) in deferred inflows of resources OPEB related 6,841 Net cash (used in) operating activities (215,841)$ For the Year Ended June 30, 2023 City of Cupertino Combining Statement of Cash Flows Nonmajor Enterprise Fund 135 164 CC 07-09-2024 164 of 376 This page intentionally left blank. 136 165 CC 07-09-2024 165 of 376 Compensated Absences and Long-Term Disability -Accounts for accrued leave payouts and the City's long term disability insurance program. Retiree Medical - Accounts for funds set-aside for other post-employment retirement benefits. Equipment Revolving -Accounts for the activities related to the maintenance and replacement of the City's vehicle fleet and other equipment. INTERNAL SERVICE FUNDS These funds account for goods or services provided to other departments of the City where the intent of the City is that the costs of these goods or services are to be recovered through interdepartmental charges at the time that the goods are delivered or the services rendered to those departments. The concept of major funds does not extend to internal service funds because they do not do business with outside parties. For the Statement of Activities, the net revenues or expenses of each internal service fund are eliminated by netting them against the operations of the City departments that generated them. The remaining balance sheet items are consolidated with these same funds in the Statement of Net Position. However, internal service funds are still presented separately in the Fund financial statements. Information Technology -Accounts for the activities related to the maintenance and replacement of the City's technology infrastructure. Workers’ Compensation - This fund is used to account for all expenses relating to workers’ compensation (i.e., injury claims, insurance premiums, etc.). The costs are recovered through an annual “user fee” which is charged to all departments/funds that have employees. 137 166 CC 07-09-2024 166 of 376 Information Workers' Equipment Technology Compensation Revolving ASSETS Current assets: Cash and investments 3,437,113$ 3,841,250$ 941,189$ Accounts receivable - - - Interest receivable 11,734 13,429 4,870 Total current assets 3,448,847 3,854,679 946,059 Noncurrent assets: Capital assets: Nondepreciable - - 119,408 Depreciable and amortizable, net 764,856 - 2,025,120 Total capital assets 764,856 - 2,144,528 Total noncurrent assets 764,856 - 2,144,528 Total assets 4,213,703 3,854,679 3,090,587 DEFERRED INFLOW OF RESOURCES Related to pensions 935,304 23,564 253,765 Related to other postemployment benefit liability 311,746 3,328 95,570 Total deferred outflows of resources 1,247,050 26,892 349,335 Current Liabilities: Accounts payable and accruals 71,950 - 78,527 Accrued payroll and benefits - - 72 Due to other funds - - - Compensated absences 32,052 1,285 5,017 Claims payable - 292,000 - Subscription liabilities 125,990 - - Total current liabilities 229,992 293,285 83,616 Noncurrent liabilities: Compensated absences 292,942 11,742 45,852 Claims payable - 1,362,000 - Subscription liabilities 72,504 - - Net pension liability 2,881,390 72,593 781,773 Net other postemployment benefit liability 29,406 314 9,015 Total noncurrent liabilities 3,276,242 1,446,649 836,640 Total liabilities 3,506,234 1,739,934 920,256 DEFERRED INFLOW OF RESOURCES Related to pensions 7,088 179 1,923 Related to other postemployment benefit liability 115,402 1,232 35,378 Total deferred inflows of resources 122,490 1,411 37,301 NET POSITION: Net investment in capital assets 566,362 - 2,144,528 Restricted 166,938 1,782 51,177 Unrestricted 1,098,729 2,138,444 286,660 Total net position 1,832,029$ 2,140,226$ 2,482,365$ City of Cupertino Combining Statement of Net Position Internal Service Funds June 30, 2023 LIABILITIES 138 167 CC 07-09-2024 167 of 376 Compensated Absences and Long-Term Retiree Disability Medical Total ASSETS Current assets: Cash and investments 709,564$ 9,898$ 8,939,014$ Accounts receivable - 1,385,759 1,385,759 Interest receivable 2,761 - 32,794 Total current assets 712,325 1,395,657 10,357,567 Noncurrent assets: Capital assets: Nondepreciable - - 119,408 Depreciable and amortizable, net - - 2,789,976 Total capital assets - - 2,909,384 Total noncurrent assets - - 2,909,384 Total assets 712,325 1,395,657 13,266,951 DEFERRED INFLOW OF RESOURCES Related to pensions - - 1,212,633 Related to other postemployment benefit liability - - 410,644 Total deferred outflows of resources - - 1,623,277 Current Liabilities: Accounts payable and accruals - - 150,477 Accrued payroll and benefits - - 72 Due to other funds - 1,395,657 1,395,657 Compensated absences - - 38,354 Claims payable - - 292,000 Subscription liabilities - - 125,990 Total current liabilities - 1,395,657 2,002,550 Noncurrent liabilities: Compensated absences - - 350,536 Claims payable - - 1,362,000 Subscription liabilities - - 72,504 Net pension liability - - 3,735,756 Net other postemployment benefit liability - - 38,735 Total noncurrent liabilities - - 5,559,531 Total liabilities - 1,395,657 7,562,081 DEFERRED INFLOW OF RESOURCES Related to pensions - - 9,190 Related to other postemployment benefit liability - - 152,012 Total deferred inflows of resources - - 161,202 NET POSITION: Net investment in capital assets - - 2,710,890 Restricted - - 219,897 Unrestricted 712,325 - 4,236,158 Total net position 712,325$ -$ 7,166,945$ LIABILITIES City of Cupertino Combining Statement of Net Position (Continued) Internal Service Funds June 30, 2023 139 168 CC 07-09-2024 168 of 376 Information Workers' Equipment Technology Compensation Revolving OPERATING REVENUES: Charges for services 2,485,218$ 436,462$ 1,568,633$ Other - - - Total operating revenues 2,485,218 436,462 1,568,633 OPERATING EXPENSES: Salaries and benefits 2,309,184 42,636 556,909 Materials and supplies 867,945 28,369 357,803 Contractual services 530,557 - 86,875 Insurance and claims and premium - 470,630 - Depreciation and amortization 327,470 - 577,140 Total operating expenses 4,035,156 541,635 1,578,727 OPERATING INCOME (LOSS)(1,549,938) (105,173) (10,094) NONOPERATING REVENUES (EXPENSES): Investment income (30,819) 18,646 12,099 Gain on sale of capital assets - - 30,158 Interest expense (861) - - Total nonoperating revenues (31,680) 18,646 42,257 1,581,618) (86,527) 32,163 TRANSFERS: Transfers in 2,537,500 - - Total transfers 2,537,500 - - CHANGES IN NET POSITION 955,882 (86,527) 32,163 NET POSITION: Beginning of year 876,147 2,226,753 2,450,202 End of year 1,832,029$ 2,140,226$ 2,482,365$ INCOME (LOSS) BEFORE TRANSFERS City of Cupertino Combining Statement of Revenues, Expenses, and Changes in Net Position Internal Service Funds For the Year Ended June 30, 2023 140 169 CC 07-09-2024 169 of 376 Compensated Absences and Long-Term Retiree Disability Medical Total OPERATING REVENUES: Charges for services 115,970$ -$ 4,606,283$ Other - 1,385,759 1,385,759 Total operating revenues 115,970 1,385,759 5,992,042 OPERATING EXPENSES: Salaries and benefits - 1,380,875 4,289,604 Materials and supplies 11,047 14,782 1,279,946 Contractual services - - 617,432 Insurance and claims and premium 616,369 - 1,086,999 Depreciation and amortization - - 904,610 Total operating expenses 627,416 1,395,657 8,178,591 OPERATING INCOME (LOSS)(511,446) (9,898) (2,186,549) NONOPERATING REVENUES (EXPENSES): Investment income 4,435 (26,554) ( 22,193) Gain on sale of capital assets - - 30,158 Interest expense - - (861) Total nonoperating revenues 4,435 (26,554) 7,104 507,011) (36,452) (2,179,445) TRANSFERS: Transfers in 882,000 9,898 3,429,398 Total transfers 882,000 9,898 3,429,398 CHANGES IN NET POSITION 374,989 (26,554) 1,249,953 NET POSITION: Beginning of year 337,336 26,554 5,916,992 End of year 712,325$ -$ 7,166,945$ INCOME (LOSS) BEFORE TRANSFERS City of Cupertino Combining Statement of Revenues, Expenses, and Changes in Net Position (Continued) Internal Service Funds For the Year Ended June 30, 2023 141 170 CC 07-09-2024 170 of 376 Information Workers' Equipment Technology Compensation Revolving CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES Cash received from customers and users 2,485,218$ 436,462$ 1,568,633$ Cash paid to suppliers for goods and services (1,397,669) (498,999) (413,863) Cash paid to employees for services (1,974,702) (42,379) (475,639) Cash paid for insurance claims - 85,000 - Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities (887,153) (19,916) 679,131 CASH FLOWS FROM NONCAPITAL FINANCING ACTIVITIES: Cash received (paid) from other funds 2,537,500 - ( 539,204) Net cash provided by (used in) noncapital financing activities 2,537,500 - ( 539,204) CASH FLOWS FROM CAPITAL AND RELATED FINANCING ACTIVITIES: Acquisition of capital assets (173,813) - ( 353,980) Principal paid (109,339) - - Interest paid (861) - - Proceeds from sale of capital assets - - 30,158 Net cash (used in) capital and related financing activities (284,013) - ( 323,822) CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES: Interest earnings (42,553) 5,217 7,229 Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities (42,553) 5,217 7,229 Net change in cash and cash equivalents 1,323,781 (14,699) (176,666) CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS: Beginning of year 2,113,332 3,855,949 1,117,855 End of year 3,437,113$ 3,841,250$ 941,189$ Reconciliation of Operating Income (Loss) to to Net Cash Provided by (Used in) Operating Activities: Operating income (loss)(1,549,938)$ (105,173)$ (10,094)$ Adjustments to reconcile operating income (loss) to net cash provided by (used in) operating activities: Depreciation and amortization 327,470 - 577,140 Changes in assets and liabilities: Increase)/decrease in accounts receviables - - - Increase)/decrease in deferred outflows of resources related to pensions (551,497) (10,154) (131,853) Increase)/decrease in deferred outflows of resources related to OPEB (49,897) 618 (15,063) Increase/(decrease) in accounts payable 833 - 30,815 Increase/(decrease) in compensated absences 40,142 616 28,212 Increase/(decrease) in claims payable - 85,000 - Increase/(decrease) in net pension liabilities 1,448,629 23,775 337,409 Increase/(decrease) in other postemployment benefit liabilities 88,291 1,052 30,521 Increase/(decrease) in deferred inflows of resources related to pensions (621,047) (15,019) (154,599) Increase/(decrease) in deferred inflows of resources related to OPEB (20,139) ( 631) (13,357) Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities (887,153)$ (19,916)$ 679,131$ Continued) City of Cupertino Combining Statement of Cash Flows Internal Service Funds For the Year Ended June 30, 2023 142 171 CC 07-09-2024 171 of 376 Compensated Absences and Long-Term Retiree Disability Medical Total CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES Cash received from customers and users 115,970$ -$ 4,606,283$ Cash paid to suppliers for goods and services (627,416) (14,782) (2,952,729) Cash paid to employees for services - (1,380,875) (3,873,595) Cash paid for insurance claims - - 85,000 Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities (511,446) (1,395,657) (2,135,041) CASH FLOWS FROM NONCAPITAL FINANCING ACTIVITIES: Cash received (paid) from other funds 882,000 1,405,555 4,285,851 Net cash provided by (used in) noncapital financing activities 882,000 1,405,555 4,285,851 CASH FLOWS FROM CAPITAL AND RELATED FINANCING ACTIVITIES: Acquisition of capital assets - - (527,793) Principal paid - - (109,339) Interest paid - - (861) Proceeds from sale of capital assets - - 30,158 Net cash (used in) capital and related financing activities - - (607,835) CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES: Interest earnings 1,674 (26,554) (54,987) Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities 1,674 (26,554) (54,987) Net change in cash and cash equivalents 372,228 (16,656) 1,487,988 CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS: Beginning of year 337,336 26,554 7,451,026 End of year 709,564$ 9,898$ 8,939,014$ Reconciliation of Operating Income (Loss) to to Net Cash Provided by (Used in) Operating Activities: Operating income (loss)(511,446)$ (9,898)$ (2,186,549)$ Adjustments to reconcile operating income (loss) to net cash provided by (used in) operating activities: Depreciation and amortization - - 904,610 Changes in assets and liabilities: Increase)/decrease in accounts receviables - (1,385,759) (1,385,759) Increase)/decrease in deferred outflows of resources related to pensions - - (693,504) Increase)/decrease in deferred outflows of resources related to OPEB - - (64,342) Increase/(decrease) in accounts payable - - 31,648 Increase/(decrease) in compensated absences - - 68,970 Increase/(decrease) in claims payable - - 85,000 Increase/(decrease) in net pension liabilities - - 1,809,813 Increase/(decrease) in other postemployment benefit liabilities - - 119,864 Increase)/decrease in deferred inflows of resources related to pensions - - (790,665) Increase/(decrease) in deferred inflows of resources related to OPEB - - (34,127) Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities (511,446)$ (1,395,657)$ (2,135,041)$ Concluded) City of Cupertino Combining Statement of Cash Flows (Continued) Internal Service Funds For the Year Ended June 30, 2023 143 172 CC 07-09-2024 172 of 376 This page intentionally left blank. 144 173 CC 07-09-2024 173 of 376 STATISTICAL SECTION 145 174 CC 07-09-2024 174 of 376 This page intentionally left blank 146 175 CC 07-09-2024 175 of 376 Contents:Pages 148- 157 159-163 164-167 168-169 170-175 Financial Trends - These schedules contain trend information to help the reader understand how the City's financial performance and well-being have changed over time. Revenue Capacity - These schedules contain information to help the reader assess the City's most significant local revenue source, the property tax. Debt Capacity - These schedules present information to help the reader assess the affordability of the City's current level of outstanding debt and the City's ability to issue additional debt in the future. Demographic and Economic Information - These schedules offer demographics and economic indicators to help the reader understand the environment within which the City's financial activities take place. Operating Information - These schedules contain service and infrastructure data to help the reader understand how the information in the City's financial report related to the services the City provides and activities it performs. This part of the City of Cupertino's annual comprehensive financial report presents detailed information as a context for understanding what the information in the financial statements, note disclosures, and required supplementary information say about the government's overall financial health. City of Cupertino Description of Statistical Section Contents June 30, 2023 147 176 CC 07-09-2024 176 of 376 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 Government activities: Net investment in capital assets 122,081,223$ 131,425,677$ 148,168,074$ 153,239,534$ 167,606,366$ Restricted 24,232,367 38,327,705 34,861,807 34,991,692 32,073,195 Unrestricted 63,150,548 51,003,950 51,164,063 59,385,309 50,457,871 Total governmental activities net position 209,464,138$ 220,757,332$ 234,193,944$ 247,616,535$ 250,137,432$ Business-type activities: Net investment in capital assets 1,110,414$ 2,079,561$ 1,708,183$ 1,972,169$ 1,597,700$ Restricted - - - - - Unrestricted 10,292,210 6,604,578 7,375,444 9,092,584 8,051,015 Total business-type activities net position 11,402,624$ 8,684,139$ 9,083,627$ 11,064,753$ 9,648,715$ Primary government: Net investment in capital assets 123,191,637$ 133,505,238$ 149,876,257$ 155,211,703$ 169,204,066$ Restricted 24,232,367 38,327,705 34,861,807 34,991,692 32,073,195 Unrestricted 73,442,758 57,608,528 58,539,507 68,477,893 58,508,886 Total primary government net position 220,866,762$ 229,441,471$ 243,277,571$ 258,681,288$ 259,786,147$ City of Cupertino Net Position by Component Last Ten Fiscal Years accrual basis of accounting) Fiscal Year Source: Department of Administrative Services, City of Cupertino. 148 177 CC 07-09-2024 177 of 376 2019 2020 2021 2022*2023 Government activities: Net investment in capital assets 170,973,897$ 177,128,134$ 186,503,116$ 196,915,823$ 198,450,441$ Restricted 45,405,508 48,005,800 53,711,040 69,354,217 69,129,277 Unrestricted 51,190,017 66,493,336 83,458,299 93,613,909 120,529,242 Total governmental activities net position 267,569,422$ 291,627,270$ 323,672,455$ 359,883,949$ 388,108,960$ Business-type activities: Net investment in capital assets 1,318,744$ 1,118,882$ 2,090,530$ 2,089,569$ 2,109,592$ Restricted - - - 166,607 166,689 Unrestricted 6,737,758 8,134,944 9,374,129 8,422,930 8,148,256 Total business-type activities net position 8,056,502$ 9,253,826$ 11,464,659$ 10,679,106$ 10,424,537$ Primary government: Net investment in capital assets 172,292,641$ 178,247,016$ 188,593,646$ 199,005,392$ 200,560,033$ Restricted 45,405,508 48,005,800 53,711,040 69,520,824 69,295,966 Unrestricted 57,927,775 74,628,280 92,832,428 102,036,839 128,677,498 Total primary government net position 275,625,924$ 300,881,096$ 335,137,114$ 370,563,055$ 398,533,497$ 2022 restricted and unrestricted net positions are restated as result of a prior period adjustment City of Cupertino Net Position by Component (Continued) Last Ten Fiscal Years accrual basis of accounting) Fiscal Year Source: Department of Administrative Services, City of Cupertino. 149 178 CC 07-09-2024 178 of 376 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 Expenses: Governmental Activities: Administration 4,529,539$ 3,286,919$ 3,710,388$ 2,873,744$ 5,612,733$ Law enforcement 10,062,192 10,705,328 11,316,271 12,528,328 12,674,042 Innovation and technology 512,895 649,442 575,260 1,884,165 3,244,846 Administrative services 2,662,008 4,300,336 2,994,611 5,898,479 4,415,647 Recreation services 4,866,974 5,365,282 5,758,194 10,651,557 9,352,551 Community development 9,108,949 5,976,797 6,259,734 13,775,591 16,789,351 Public works 21,143,331 27,893,361 31,313,396 32,491,244 28,995,382 Interest on long-term debt 1,130,428 1,120,138 1,077,538 1,035,738 993,038 Total governmental activities expenses 54,016,316 59,297,603 63,005,392 81,138,846 82,077,590 Business-type activities: Resources recovery 2,159,047$ 2,548,461$ 2,997,200$ 2,991,177$ 2,594,511$ Blackberry farm 571,000 547,185 576,177 597,406 656,112 Cupertino sports center 2,221,703 2,269,420 2,299,210 2,159,243 2,633,748 Recreation programs 2,730,765 2,342,457 3,136,011 2,351,501 3,232,593 Total business-type activities expenses 7,682,515 7,707,523 9,008,598 8,099,327 9,116,964 Total primary government expenses 61,698,831$ 67,005,126$ 72,013,990$ 89,238,173$ 91,194,554$ Program revenues: Governmental activities: Charges for services: Administration 1,087,393$ 322,534$ 369,069$ 3,992,716$ 5,062,988$ Law enforcement 725,631 590,378 664,483 603,194 732,544 Innovation and technology - 41,352 41,352 - - Administrative services - 481,616 359,148 3,565,627 2,635,885 Recreation services 955,081 1,798,134 1,421,185 2,016,159 1,589,134 Community development 6,649,292 8,511,745 10,534,457 10,902,822 8,598,935 Public works 7,916,897 2,869,357 6,358,870 6,873,487 4,720,646 Operating grants and contributions 10,000,131 6,002,617 1,851,282 2,313,632 4,819,696 Capital grants and contributions 569,159 4,022,190 362,491 245,288 271,587 Total governmental activities program revenues 27,903,584 24,639,923 21,962,337 30,512,925 28,431,415 Business-type activities: Charges for services: Resources recovery 2,074,251$ 2,591,276$ 2,664,888$ 2,792,190$ 2,559,862$ Blackberry farm 302,472 388,091 334,529 325,224 345,667 Cupertino sports center 2,188,127 2,152,498 2,224,146 2,238,023 2,403,665 Recreation programs 2,480,209 2,532,800 2,466,336 2,778,588 2,516,678 Total business-type activities program revenues 7,045,059 7,664,665 7,689,899 8,134,025 7,825,872 Total primary government program revenues 34,948,643$ 32,304,588$ 29,652,236$ 38,646,950$ 36,257,287$ continued) Fiscal Year City of Cupertino Changes in Net Position - Expenses and Program Revenues Last Ten Fiscal Years accrual basis of accounting) Source: Department of Administrative Services, City of Cupertino. 150 179 CC 07-09-2024 179 of 376 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 Expenses: Governmental Activities: Administration 6,849,046$ 7,974,520$ 3,637,467$ 7,293,244$ 8,830,127$ Law enforcement 13,381,113 14,698,130 15,211,646 16,100,903 15,716,301 Innovation and technology 3,210,343 3,637,354 1,721,729 2,004,515 1,950,718 Administrative services 4,290,818 5,175,596 5,358,183 5,363,745 6,363,343 Recreation services 7,389,915 8,763,194 1,182,662 3,976,793 6,020,526 Community development 10,470,973 10,286,317 11,495,788 12,209,547 12,463,257 Public works 31,870,165 33,339,191 41,870,240 35,653,588 38,696,234 Interest on long-term debt 949,438 882,837 397,682 636,960 369,502 Total governmental activities expenses 78,411,811 84,757,139 80,875,397 83,239,295 90,410,008 Business-type activities: Resources recovery 1,735,885$ 2,213,404$ 1,670,261$ 1,837,781$ 2,038,313 Blackberry farm 645,469 663,663 535,274 655,184 799,168 Cupertino sports center 3,036,037 2,883,903 2,182,900 3,396,146 3,456,539 Recreation programs 2,923,336 3,141,225 1,117,244 1,617,717 1,661,686 Total business-type activities expenses 8,340,727 8,902,195 5,505,679 7,506,828 7,955,706 Total primary government expenses 86,752,538$ 93,659,334$ 86,381,076$ 90,746,123$ 98,365,714$ Program revenues: Governmental activities: Charges for services: Administration 1,319,395$ 2,091,811$ 2,387,412$ 2,551,205$ 3,098,916$ Law enforcement 889,923 1,102,888 550,051 940,797 612,993 Innovation and technology ----- Administrative services 3,113,731 3,889,180 5,232,679 7,457,032 5,419,347 Recreation services 1,563,262 1,309,906 264,426 653,994 621,587 Community development 7,470,690 5,859,847 5,736,587 5,768,850 5,361,837 Public works 4,504,104 5,657,315 3,966,206 4,015,183 3,290,506 Operating grants and contributions 2,557,470 5,794,443 5,998,209 7,601,210 10,881,438 Capital grants and contributions 1,082,243 1,046,756 1,792,376 1,282,617 1,593,910 Total governmental activities program revenues 22,500,818 26,752,146 25,927,946 30,270,888 30,880,534 Business-type activities: Charges for services: Resources recovery 1,750,279$ 1,821,677$ 1,819,861$ 1,545,683$ 1,772,252$ Blackberry farm 316,615 338,212 610,603 602,778 616,461 Cupertino sports center 2,349,468 2,365,667 1,810,194 2,796,329 3,117,580 Recreation programs 1,986,781 1,588,576 590,871 1,294,128 1,742,442 Total business-type activities program revenues 6,403,143 6,114,132 4,831,529 6,238,918 7,248,735 Total primary government program revenues 28,903,961$ 32,866,278$ 30,759,475$ 36,509,806$ 38,129,269$ City of Cupertino Changes in Net Position - Expenses and Program Revenues (Continued) Last Ten Fiscal Years accrual basis of accounting) Source: Department of Administrative Services, City of Cupertino. 151 180 CC 07-09-2024 180 of 376 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 Net revenues (expenses): Governmental activities (26,112,732)$ (34,657,680)$ (41,043,055)$ ( 50,625,921)$ ( 53,646,175)$ Business-type activities (637,456) (42,858) (1,318,699) 34,698 (1,291,092) Total net revenues (expenses)(26,750,188)$ (34,700,538)$ (42,361,754)$ ( 50,591,223)$ ( 54,937,267)$ General revenues and Transfers Governmental activities: Taxes: Property taxes 9,169,183$ - 11,864,027$ 13,251,840$ 14,881,533$ Property taxes in lieu of motor vehicle fee 5,289,476 - 6,330,436 6,967,237 7,552,272 Sales taxes 19,794,036 - 21,350,056 26,932,012 26,164,531 Transient occupancy tax 4,590,156 - 5,852,244 6,023,681 6,810,718 Utility user taxes 3,098,639 - 3,370,830 3,082,407 3,146,398 Franchise taxes 2,775,892 - 3,478,024 3,409,572 3,563,820 Other taxes 18,791,559 - 2,818,019 3,258,118 1,943,652 Intergovernmental 25,294 - 24,111 26,118 31,013 Investment earnings (loss)133,243 40,751 807,287 694,730 916,638 Miscellaneous 57,005 (2) 219,053 2,004,906 1,834,492 Gain on sale of capital assets - 23,715,897 580 - 740,570 Transfers - fund closing1 --- 272,011 - Transfers (401,350) 872,340 (1,635,000) (1,874,120) 107,030 Total governmental activities 63,323,133 24,628,986 54,479,667 64,048,512 67,692,667 Business-type activities: Investment earnings 11,238 42,561 82,187 59,012 75,663 Transfers 401,350 ( 872,340) 1,635,000 1,874,120 ( 107,030) Total business-type activities 412,588 ( 829,779) 1,717,187 1,933,132 (31,367) Total primary government 63,735,721$ 23,799,207$ 56,196,854$ 65,981,644$ 67,661,300$ Changes in net position Governmental activities 37,210,401$ (10,028,694)$ 13,436,612$ 13,422,591$ 14,046,492$ Business-type activities (224,868) ( 872,637) 398,488 1,967,830 (1,322,459) Total primary government 36,985,533$ (10,901,331)$ 13,835,100$ 15,390,421$ 12,724,033$ City of Cupertino Fiscal Year accrual basis of accounting) Last Ten Fiscal Years Changes in Net Position - Expenses and Program Revenues (Continued) Source: Department of Administrative Services, City of Cupertino. 152 181 CC 07-09-2024 181 of 376 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 Net revenues (expenses): Governmental activities (55,910,993)$ (58,004,993)$ (54,947,451)$ ( 52,968,407)$ ( 59,529,474)$ Business-type activities (1,937,584) (2,788,063) (674,150) (1,267,910) (706,971) Total net revenues (expenses)(57,848,577)$ (60,793,056)$ (55,621,601)$ ( 54,236,317)$ ( 60,236,445)$ General revenues and Transfers Governmental activities: Taxes: Property taxes 17,082,005$ 18,117,304$ 19,197,994$ 20,322,779$ 21,807,628$ Property taxes in lieu of motor vehicle fee 8,219,090 8,489,541 9,079,845 9,401,632 10,082,011 Sales taxes 24,901,779 35,657,214 42,581,070 43,646,813 34,819,341 Transient occupancy tax 8,901,337 7,286,083 2,141,058 4,404,958 7,062,150 Utility user taxes 3,089,922 3,182,086 3,074,358 3,356,389 4,103,906 Franchise taxes 3,445,253 3,418,908 3,368,286 3,479,554 3,995,018 Other taxes 3,299,587 1,774,235 3,022,333 11,117,528 2,872,571 Intergovernmental 28,844 47,391 43,675 67,762 62,072 Investment earnings (loss)3,258,550 5,690,723 4,147,907 (9,241,781) 2,801,930 Miscellaneous 1,187,741 1,922,356 3,185,110 1,948,332 444,339 Gain on sale of capital assets 3,875 ---- Transfers - fund closing1 ----- Transfers (75,000) (3,523,000) (2,849,000) ( 886,801) ( 296,481) Total governmental activities 73,342,983 82,062,841 86,992,636 87,617,165 87,754,485 Business-type activities: Investment earnings 270,371 462,387 35,983 (404,444) 155,921 Transfers 75,000 3,523,000 2,849,000 886,801 296,481 Total business-type activities 345,371 3,985,387 2,884,983 482,357 452,402 Total primary government 73,688,354$ 86,048,228$ 89,877,619$ 88,099,522$ 88,206,887$ Changes in net position Governmental activities 17,431,990$ 24,057,848$ 32,045,185$ 34,648,758$ 28,225,011$ Business-type activities (1,592,213) 1,197,324 2,210,833 (785,553) ( 254,569) Total primary government 15,839,777$ 25,255,172$ 34,256,018$ 33,863,205$ 27,970,442$ 1 Asset and liability transfer from the closed City Channel/Web Internal Service Fund in 2017. City of Cupertino Changes in Net Position - Expenses and Program Revenues (Continued) Last Ten Fiscal Years accrual basis of accounting) Fiscal Year Source: Department of Administrative Services, City of Cupertino. 153 182 CC 07-09-2024 182 of 376 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 General fund: Nonspendable 3,363,065$ 938,245$ 937,381$ 876,939$ 464,893$ Restricted - 761,653 888,374 1,016,771 1,254,578 Committed --- 19,000,000 19,122,754 Assigned 16,400,000 28,849,679 20,500,000 4,638,181 9,963,310 Unassigned 23,197,378 8,774,966 29,869,085 28,057,799 21,704,922 Total general fund 42,960,443$ 39,324,543$ 52,194,840$ 53,589,690$ 52,510,457$ All other governmental funds: Nonspendable ----- Restricted 24,232,367 37,566,052 33,973,433 33,974,921 30,818,617 Committed - 1,398,665 1,398,665 1,398,665 - Assigned 7,619,534 20,671,116 15,344,191 25,305,974 29,129,616 Unassigned (2,280,961) - - - - Total all other governmental funds 29,570,940$ 59,635,833$ 50,716,289$ 60,679,560$ 59,948,233$ Total Governmental Funds 72,531,383 98,960,376 102,911,129 114,269,250 112,458,690 City of Cupertino Fund Balances of Governmental Funds Last Ten Fiscal Years modified accrual basis of accounting) Fiscal Year Source: Department of Administrative Services, City of Cupertino. 154 183 CC 07-09-2024 183 of 376 2019 (1)2020 2021 2022(2)2023 General fund: Nonspendable 454,188$ 3,449,341$ 3,444,346$ 4,055,956$ 4,000,588$ Restricted 9,469,670 14,324,757 20,140,419 18,756,482 19,088,859 Committed 19,123,397 19,127,891 19,127,891 34,127,891 34,127,891 Assigned 1,979,202 3,176,882 4,906,139 5,041,682 9,735,187 Unassigned 27,896,128 34,426,942 49,231,996 48,696,821 71,603,813 Total general fund 58,922,585$ 74,505,813$ 96,850,791$ 110,678,832$ 138,556,338$ All other governmental funds: Nonspendable -----$ Restricted 35,935,838 33,681,043 33,570,621 51,106,343 46,828,676 Committed ----- Assigned 33,211,946 40,551,131 37,038,174 35,088,889 34,924,537 Unassigned - - - - - Total all other governmental funds 69,147,784$ 74,232,174$ 70,608,795$ 86,195,232$ 81,753,213$ Total Governmental Funds 128,070,369 148,737,987 167,459,586 196,874,064 220,309,551 1The City established a trust to fund Other Post-Employment Benefit contributions, which is classified as a restriction in fund balance. 22022 balances were restated due to prior period adjustments. City of Cupertino Fund Balances of Governmental Funds (Continued) Last Ten Fiscal Years modified accrual basis of accounting) Fiscal Year Source: Department of Administrative Services, City of Cupertino. 155 184 CC 07-09-2024 184 of 376 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 Revenues: Taxes 72,211,724$ 55,134,238$ 55,462,956$ 62,924,867$ 64,062,924$ Use of money and property 764,299 915,933 1,654,702 1,425,629 1,543,818 Intergovernmental 3,069,400 7,210,562 2,532,025 2,585,038 5,122,296 Licenses and permits 3,679,943 3,170,445 3,073,110 2,536,925 2,757,928 Charges for services 10,744,113 5,203,371 17,249,123 24,103,167 15,638,247 Fines and forfeitures 616,889 554,002 564,903 603,194 602,934 Other 545,052 542,429 1,289,013 2,004,904 1,834,492 Total revenues 91,631,420 72,730,980 81,825,832 96,183,724 91,562,639 Expenditures: Current: Administration 3,957,739 3,897,701 4,053,741 5,942,633 4,943,052 Law enforcement 9,626,121 10,283,772 10,988,735 11,939,095 12,362,621 Innovation and technology 477,852 624,295 544,718 1,864,746 2,835,768 Administrative services 2,444,670 3,226,164 2,811,117 5,054,539 4,430,300 Recreation services 4,536,519 5,047,548 5,441,200 9,361,934 8,686,076 Community development 8,424,254 5,180,659 6,102,820 7,431,292 12,907,086 Public works 17,469,627 14,625,038 15,078,174 18,623,585 18,191,714 Capital outlay:7,110,974 21,760,899 26,171,127 18,731,165 23,395,112 Debt service: Principal repayment 2,040,000 2,055,000 2,090,000 2,135,000 2,180,000 Interest and fiscal charges 1,130,428 1,120,138 1,077,538 1,035,738 993,038 Total expenditures 57,218,184 67,821,214 74,359,170 82,119,727 90,924,767 Excess of revenues over (under) expenditures 34,413,236 4,909,766 7,466,662 14,063,997 637,872 Other financing sources (uses): Proceeds from debt issuance ----- Proceeds from debt issuance premium ----- Payments to refunding agent ----- Proceeds from sale of capital assets 37,569 23,814,257 580 - 872,250 Inception of subscription liability - - - - - Transfers in 13,610,304 39,408,990 11,905,724 26,446,090 31,028,218 Transfers in - fund closing --- 260,374 - Transfers out (24,499,154) (39,177,284) (15,422,213) (29,412,340) (34,348,900) Total other financing sources (uses)(10,851,281) 24,045,963 (3,515,909) (2,705,876) (2,448,432) Net change in fund balances 23,561,955$ 28,955,729$ 3,950,753$ 11,358,121$ (1,810,560)$ Debt service as a percentage of noncapital expenditures 0.00%0.00%6.57%5.00%4.70% Fiscal Year City of Cupertino Changes in Fund Balances of Governmental Funds Last Ten Fiscal Years modified accrual basis of accounting) Source: Department of Administrative Services, City of Cupertino. 156 185 CC 07-09-2024 185 of 376 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 Revenues: Taxes 68,938,973$ 77,925,371$ 82,464,944$ 95,729,653$ 84,233,345$ Use of money and property 3,896,813 6,259,342 4,447,970 ( 8,501,439) 3,422,106 Intergovernmental 3,668,557 6,888,590 7,834,260 8,951,589 11,869,664 Licenses and permits 4,102,665 4,692,847 4,068,238 4,141,902 4,093,631 Charges for services 13,385,698 13,937,950 13,601,302 16,373,903 12,741,952 Fines and forfeitures 534,012 344,008 134,459 373,722 326,944 Other 1,187,741 1,922,356 3,185,110 1,948,332 1,393,059 Total revenues 95,714,459 111,970,464 115,736,283 119,017,662 118,080,701 Expenditures: Current: Administration 6,294,111 6,951,541 7,549,386 7,492,277 7,603,732 Law enforcement 13,108,732 14,151,413 14,776,409 15,715,815 15,276,950 Innovation and technology 2,843,540 3,223,185 1,836,725 2,063,176 1,825,667 Administrative services 4,197,582 4,617,787 5,196,299 5,525,888 5,976,301 Recreation services 8,996,118 7,688,935 4,787,914 4,729,438 5,432,183 Community development 9,359,835 9,310,827 11,177,690 12,627,702 11,693,554 Public works 19,955,579 22,445,948 24,568,155 28,542,850 28,221,856 Capital outlay:10,528,246 12,644,373 19,483,945 12,777,121 12,533,316 Debt service: Principal repayment 2,220,000 2,290,000 2,140,000 1,880,000 2,581,181 Interest and fiscal charges 949,438 882,837 798,747 796,000 739,340 Total expenditures 78,453,181 84,206,846 92,315,270 92,150,267 91,884,080 Excess of revenues over (under) expenditures 17,261,278 27,763,618 23,421,013 26,867,395 26,196,621 Other financing sources (uses): Proceeds from debt issuance -- 22,040,000 - - Proceeds from debt issuance premium -- 3,878,704 - - Payments to refunding agent -- (27,279,118) - - Proceeds from sale of capital assets 3,875 --- - Inception of subscription liability - - - - 964,745 Transfers in 19,407,613 35,208,276 12,876,969 23,089,059 11,350,697 Transfers in - fund closing ---- - Transfers out (21,061,087) (42,304,276) (16,215,969) (25,776,712) (15,076,576) Total other financing sources (uses)(1,649,599) (7,096,000) (4,699,414) (2,687,653) (2,761,134) Net change in fund balances 15,611,679$ 20,667,618$ 18,721,599$ 24,179,742$ 23,435,487$ Debt service as a percentage of noncapital expenditures 4.67%4.43%4.04%3.37%4.18% Fiscal Year City of Cupertino Changes in Fund Balances of Governmental Funds (Continued) Last Ten Fiscal Years modified accrual basis of accounting) Source: Department of Administrative Services, City of Cupertino. 157 186 CC 07-09-2024 186 of 376 This page intentionally left blank 158 187 CC 07-09-2024 187 of 376 State Board of Total Assessed & Direct Total Equalization Secured Est. Full Market Tax Fiscal Year Secured (a) Unsecured (a)Non-Unitary Exemptions Valuation (a) Rate 2014 15,391,656,690$ 813,117,019$ 1,390,000$ 113,744,809$ 16,206,163,709$ 5.62% 2015 16,133,637,244 965,141,148 - 119,476,276 17,098,778,392 5.61% 2016 18,308,720,226 1,086,786,901 - 114,223,063 19,395,507,127 5.59% 2017 20,196,258,418 1,150,311,942 - 118,257,368 21,346,570,360 5.98% 2018 22,024,906,420 1,114,123,426 - 122,805,695 23,139,029,846 6.19% 2019 23,402,123,229 1,779,936,377 - 125,245,819 25,182,059,606 6.38% 2020 24,370,718,536 1,641,863,322 - 138,025,761 26,012,581,858 6.50% 2021 25,397,331,860 2,423,984,683 - 145,644,653 27,821,316,543 6.48% 2022 27,083,468,890 1,724,247,088 - 149,658,614 28,807,715,978 3.55% 2023 29,822,398,085 1,069,629,678 - 154,098,046 30,892,027,763 7.24% a) Net of exemptions Source: HdL, Coren & Cone Data Source: Santa Clara County Assessor 2013-14 - 2022-2 Combined Tax Rolls City of Cupertino Unaudited) Last Ten Fiscal Years Assessed and Estimated Actual Value of Taxable Property 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 20 1 4 20 1 5 20 1 6 20 1 7 20 1 8 20 1 9 20 2 0 20 2 1 20 2 2 20 2 3 Bi l l i o n s Secured Property Unsecured Property 159 188 CC 07-09-2024 188 of 376 Agency 2013-14 2014-15 2015-16 2016-17 2017-18 Basic Levy¹1.00000 1.00000 1.00000 1.00000 1.00000 Co. Housing Bond 2016 0.00000 0.00000 0.00000 0.00000 0.01266 County Bond 2008 Hospital Facility 0.00350 0.00910 0.00880 0.00860 0.00820 County Library Retirement Levy 0.00240 0.00240 0.00240 0.00240 0.00240 County Retirement Levy 0.03880 0.03880 0.03880 0.03880 0.03880 Cupertino Elementary 0.05250 0.05400 0.05190 0.05090 0.04960 El Camino Hospital 2003 0.01290 0.01290 0.01290 0.01290 0.01000 Foothill De Anza College 0.02900 0.02760 0.02400 0.02340 0.02200 Fremont High 0.04050 0.03960 0.05250 0.04030 0.04640 Los Gatos-Saratoga High 1998 0.03510 0.05160 0.04230 0.04690 0.04570 MidPeninsula Open Space 2014 0.00000 0.00000 0.00080 0.00060 0.00090 Santa Clara Unified 0.07070 0.07040 0.09420 0.08180 0.08280 Santa Clara Valley Water District 0.00700 0.00650 0.00570 0.00860 0.00620 Saratoga Elementary 0.04500 0.04580 0.04490 0.04560 0.04580 West Valley College 0.02550 0.01200 0.02320 0.01960 0.02000 Total Direct & Overlapping² Tax Rates 1.36290 1.37070 1.40240 1.38040 1.39146 City's Share of 1% Levy Per Prop 13³0.05626 0.05617 0.05571 0.05962 0.06148 General Obiligation Debt Rate Redevelopment Rate Total Direct Rate 0.05623 0.05610 0.05588 0.05976 0.06187 Notes: Data Source: Santa Clara County Assessor 2013/14 - 2022/23 Tax Rate Table City's Share of 1% Levy is based on the City's share of the general fund tax rate area with the largest net taxable value within the city. ERAF general fund tax shifts may not be included in tax ratio figues. Redevelopment Rate is based on the largest RDA tax rate area and only includes rate(s) from indebtedness adopted prior to 1989 per California State statute. RDA direct and overlapping rates are applied only to the incremental property values. The approval of ABX1 26 eliminated Redevelopment from the State of California for the fiscal year 2012/13 and years thereafter. Total Direct Rate is the weighted average of all individual direct rates applied to by the government preparing the statistical section information and excludes revenues derived from aircraft. Beginning in 2013/14 the Total Direct Rate no longer includes revenue generated from the former redevelopment tax rate areas. Challenges to recognized enforceable obligations are assumed to have been resolved during 2012/13. For the purposes of this report, residual revenue is assumed to be distributed to the City in the same proportions as general fund revenue. Overlapping rates are those of local and county governments that apply to property owners within the City. Not all overlapping rates apply to all city property owners. City of Cupertino Direct and Overlapping Property Tax Rates Rate per $100 of taxable value) Last 10 Fiscal Years In 1978, California voters passed Proposition 13 which set the property tax rate at a 1.00% fixed amount. This 1.00% is shared by all taxing agencies for which the subject property resides within. In addition to the 1.00% fixed amount, property owners are charged taxes as a percentage of assessed property values for the payment of any voter approved bonds. 160 189 CC 07-09-2024 189 of 376 Agency 2018-19 2019-20 2020-21 2021-22 2022-23 Basic Levy¹1.00000 1.00000 1.00000 1.00000 1.00000 Co. Housing Bond 2016 0.01050 0.01000 0.00000 0.01266 0.01080 County Bond 2008 Hospital Facility 0.00720 0.00690 0.00690 0.00610 0.00630 County Library Retirement Levy 0.00240 0.00240 0.00240 0.00240 0.00240 County Retirement Levy 0.03880 0.03880 0.03880 0.03880 0.03880 Cupertino Elementary 0.03970 0.04150 0.04030 0.03800 0.03680 El Camino Hospital 2003 0.01000 0.01000 0.01000 0.01000 0.00900 Foothill De Anza College 0.02170 0.02080 0.03640 0.03310 0.02910 Fremont High 0.04300 0.04790 0.04780 0.04160 0.03710 Los Gatos-Saratoga High 1998 0.03040 0.01770 0.01930 0.01850 0.01790 MidPeninsula Open Space 2014 0.00180 0.00160 0.00150 0.00150 0.00130 Santa Clara Unified 0.07070 0.11760 0.10450 0.10140 0.08670 Santa Clara Valley Water District 0.00420 0.00410 0.00370 0.00510 0.00440 Saratoga Elementary 0.04580 0.04640 0.04850 0.04830 0.04850 West Valley College 0.01980 0.01860 0.03110 0.03040 0.02830 Total Direct & Overlapping² Tax Rates 1.34600 1.39530 1.39120 1.38786 1.35740 City's Share of 1% Levy Per Prop 13³0.06320 0.06531 0.06515 0.06528 0.06504 General Obiligation Debt Rate Redevelopment Rate Total Direct Rate 0.06381 0.06499 0.06463 0.06477 0.06482 Notes: Data Source: Santa Clara County Assessor 2013/14 - 2022/23 Tax Rate Table City's Share of 1% Levy is based on the City's share of the general fund tax rate area with the largest net taxable value within the city. ERAF general fund tax shifts may not be included in tax ratio figues. Redevelopment Rate is based on the largest RDA tax rate area and only includes rate(s) from indebtedness adopted prior to 1989 per California State statute. RDA direct and overlapping rates are applied only to the incremental property values. The approval of ABX1 26 eliminated Redevelopment from the State of California for the fiscal year 2012/13 and years thereafter. Total Direct Rate is the weighted average of all individual direct rates applied to by the government preparing the statistical section information and excludes revenues derived from aircraft. Beginning in 2013/14 the Total Direct Rate no longer includes revenue generated from the former redevelopment tax rate areas. Challenges to recognized enforceable obligations are assumed to have been resolved during 2012/13. For the purposes of this report, residual revenue is assumed to be distributed to the City in the same proportions as general fund revenue. In 1978, California voters passed Proposition 13 which set the property tax rate at a 1.00% fixed amount. This 1.00% is shared by all taxing agencies for which the subject property resides within. In addition to the 1.00% fixed amount, property owners are charged taxes as a percentage of assessed property values for the payment of any voter approved bonds. Overlapping rates are those of local and county governments that apply to property owners within the City. Not all overlapping rates apply to all city property owners. City of Cupertino Direct and Overlapping Property Tax Rates (Continued) Rate per $100 of taxable value) Last 10 Fiscal Years 161 190 CC 07-09-2024 190 of 376 2023 Percentage of 2014 Percentage of Assessed Total Assessed Assessed Total Assessed Valuation Valuation Valuation Valuation Apple Inc.8,080,536,959$ 26.16% 1,324,522,880$ 6.38% Main Street Cupertino 379,188,743 1.23%- 0.00% Vallco Property Owner LLC 357,133,944 1.16% 89,929,542 0.50% Cupertino City Center 253,985,462 0.82% 139,150,359 0.00% Cupertino Property Development 216,935,305 0.70%- 0.00% PR Cupertino Gateway LLC 137,402,151 0.44%- 0.00% Avery Glenbrook LP 113,723,103 0.37%- 0.00% Markham Apartments LP 109,473,477 0.35%- 0.00% Preg Emerson LLC 107,770,538 0.35%- 0.00% Cupertino Village 91,710,720 0.30%- 0.00% Total 9,847,860,402$ 31.88% 1,553,602,781$ 6.88% Source: HdL, Coren & Cone Taxpayer City of Cupertino Principal Property Taxpayers Current Year and Ten Years Ago Unaudited) 162 191 CC 07-09-2024 191 of 376 Percent of Percent Delinquent Total Total Tax Fiscal Total Current Tax of Levy Tax Tax Collections Year Tax Levy Collections Collected (1) Collections (1) Collections to Tax Levy 2014 9,169,183$ 9,169,183$ 100.00% - 9,169,183$ 100.00% 2015 10,178,734 10,178,734 100.00% - 10,178,734 100.00% 2016 11,864,026 11,864,026 100.00% - 11,864,026 100.00% 2017 13,308,884 13,308,884 100.00% - 13,308,884 100.00% 2018 13,172,425 13,172,425 100.00% - 13,172,425 100.00% 2019 16,049,112 16,049,112 100.00% - 16,049,112 100.00% 2020 18,117,304 18,117,304 100.00% - 18,117,304 100.00% 2021 19,197,994 19,197,994 100.00% - 19,197,994 100.00% 2022 20,322,779 20,322,779 100.00% - 20,322,779 100.00% 2023 21,807,628 21,807,628 100.00% - 21,807,628 100.00% 1) Per the Teeter Plan, the City receives 100% of the tax levy, while the County receives delinquencies and penalties. Source: City of Cupertino NWS City of Cupertino Property Tax Levies and Collections Last Ten Fiscal Years Unaudited) 163 192 CC 07-09-2024 192 of 376 Percentage of Estimated % of Fiscal Certificates Actual Market Value Personal Year of Participation of Taxable Property Per Capita Income 2014 39,980,000 0.23% 671 1.38% 2015 37,925,000 0.20% 633 1.28% 2016 35,835,000 0.18% 598 1.21% 2017 33,700,000 0.15% 579 1.02% 2018 31,520,000 0.12% 525 0.87% 2019 29,300,000 0.11%488 0.81% 2020 27,010,000 0.10%451 0.71% 2021 19,900,000 0.07%334 0.48% 2022 18,020,000 0.06%297 0.40% 2023 16,065,000 0.06%269 0.36% Source: City of Cupertino Budget Book City of Cupertino Ratios of Outstanding Debt by Type Last Ten Fiscal Years Unaudited) 164 193 CC 07-09-2024 193 of 376 30,892,027,763$ Total Debt %City’s Share of 6/30/2023 Applicable (1) Debt 6/30/23 Santa Clara County $1,041,125,000 4.998% 52,035,428$ Santa Clara County General Fund Obligations 1,120,404,570 4.998% 55,997,820 Santa Clara County Pension Obligations 329,741,844 4.998% 16,480,497 Santa Clara County Board of Education Certificates of Participation 935,000 4.998% 46,731 Foothill-DeAnza Community College District 603,653,754 12.559% 75,812,875 Foothill-DeAnza Community College District Certificates of Participation 20,645,000 12.559% 2,592,806 West Valley Community College District 694,320,000 1.977% 13,726,706 West Valley-Mission Community College District General Fund Obligations 8,160,000 1.977% 161,323 Santa Clara Unified School District & General Fund Obligations 1,088,048,000 4.380% 47,656,502 Santa Clara County Vector Control District Certificates of Participation 1,230,000 4.998% 61,475 Fremont Union High School District 771,685,088 28.026% 216,272,463 Cupertino Union School District 258,383,303 51.138% 132,132,053 El Camino Hospital District 105,480,000 0.891% 939,827 Midpeninsula Regional Open Space District and General Fund Obligations 82,680,000 7.600% 6,283,680 Santa Clara Valley Water District Benefit Assessment 38,900,000 4.998% 1,944,222 Total Overlapping Tax and Assessment Debt 6,165,391,559$ 622,144,410$ Direct Debt: City of Cupertino Certificates of Participation 16,065,000 100.000% 16,065,000 Total Direct and Overlapping General Fund Debt 16,065,000 16,065,000 Totals by Category: Total Direct Debt 16,065,000 16,065,000 Total Overlapping Debt 6,165,391,559 622,144,410 Combined Total Debt 6,181,456,559$ 638,209,410$ Ratios to 2022-23 Assessed Valuation: Total Overlapping Tax and Assessment Debt 2.01% 0.05% Combined Total Debt 2.07% 1) 2)Principal amount as of 6/30322. Direct and Overlapping Bonded Debt City of Cupertino Overlapping Tax and Assessment Debt: Unaudited) 2022-23 Assessed Valuation June 30, 2023 The percentage of overlapping debt applicable to the city is estimated using taxable assessed property value. Applicable percentages were estimated by determining the portion of the overlapping district's assessed value that is within the boundaries of the city divided by the district's total taxable assessed value. 165 194 CC 07-09-2024 194 of 376 Total net debt Total Net Legal applicable to the Fiscal Debt Debt Applicable Debt limit as a % of Year Limit to Limit Margin debt limit 2014 577,187,126$ -$ 577,187,126$ -$ 2015 605,011,397 - 605,011,397 - 2016 686,577,008 - 686,577,008 - 2017 757,359,691 - 757,359,691 - 2018 825,933,991 - 825,933,991 - 2019 877,579,621 - 877,579,621 - 2020 913,901,945 - 913,901,945 - 2021 1,118,339,928 - 1,118,339,928 - 2022 1,015,630,083 - 1,015,630,083 - 2023 1,118,339,928 - 1,118,339,928 - Debt Limit: Secured property assessed value, net of exempt real property 29,822,398,085$ Adjusted valuation - 25% of assessed valuation 7,455,599,521 Debt limit - 15% of adjusted valuation 1,118,339,928 Amount of Debt Subject to Limit: Total Bonded Debt 16,065,000 Less: Certificates of Participation not subject to debt limit (16,065,000) Amount of debt subject to limit - Legal Debt Margin 1,118,339,928$ Source: City of Cupertino Budget Book Last Ten Fiscal Years Note: The Government Code of the State of California provides for a legal debt limit of 15% of gross assessed valuation. However, this provision was enacted when assessed valuation was based upon 25% of market value. Effective with the 1981-82 fiscal year, each parcel is now assessed at 100% of market value (as of the most recent change in ownership for that parcel). The computations shown above reflect a conversion of assessed valuation data for each fiscal year from the current full valuation perspective to the 25% level that was in effect at the time that the legal debt margin was enacted by the State of California for local governments located within the state. City of Cupertino Legal Debt Margin Information Unaudited) 166 195 CC 07-09-2024 195 of 376 Ratio of General Fiscal Assessed General Bonded Debt Bonded Debt to Year Population Value Bonded Debt Per Capita Assessed Value 2014 59,946 17,098,778,392$ -$ -$ -$ 2015 59,777 19,395,507,127 - - - 2016 58,185 19,395,507,127 - - - 2017 58,917 21,346,570,360 - - - 2018 60,091 23,139,029,846 - - - 2019 59,879 25,182,059,606 - - - 2020 59,549 27,821,316,543 - - - 2021 60,656 27,821,316,543 - - - 2022 66,274 28,807,715,978 - - - 2023 59,656 30,892,027,763 - - - Sources: HdL, Coren & Cone/Cupertino Budget Book City of Cupertino Ratio of General Bonded Debt Last Ten Fiscal Years Unaudited) 167 196 CC 07-09-2024 196 of 376 Fiscal Year City Population 1) County Population 1) City Population of County City Personal Income (2) Per Capita Personal Income (2) Public School Enrollment City Unemploy ment Rate 3) County Unemploym ent Rate 3) Median Age (4) of Population Over 25 with High School Degree of Population Over 25 with Bachelor's Degree 2013-14 59,946 1,868,558 3.21% 3,090,636,000 51,557 29,904 3.4% 6.8% 40.0 96.2% 74.2% 2014-15 59,777 1,889,638 3.16% 3,186,772,000 53,311 29,871 4.2% 3.8% 40.0 96.5% 74.6% 2015-16 58,185 1,927,888 3.02% 3,340,132,000 57,405 29,684 3.4% 4.2% 40.2 96.5% 75.6% 2016-17 58,917 1,938,180 3.04% 3,486,805,000 59,181 29,467 3.0% 3.8% 40.6 96.7% 76.0% 2017-18 60,091 1,938,153 3.10% 3,620,255,000 60,246 29,255 3.3% 3.8% 40.7 97.1% 76.6% 2018-19 59,879 1,937,570 3.09% 3,821,320,000 63,817 29,240 2.6% 2.3% 41.1 97.1% 77.2% 2019-20 59,549 1,927,852 3.09% 4,114,967,000 69,102 29,550 2.4% 10.7% 41.1 97.2% 78.1% 2020-21 60,656 1,936,259 3.13% 4,378,045,000 74,485 30,900 4.9% 5.2% 41.6 97.2% 78.8% 2021-22 66,274 1,934,171 3.43% 4,571,170,000 76,684 24,380 3.7% 2.2% 41.2 97.3% 79.6% 2022-23 59,656 1,902,799 3.14% 5,214,787,000 88,156 23,486 2.3% 3.7% 41.0 97.0% 80.9% https://dq.cde.ca.gov/dataquest/dqcensus/EnrAgeGrd.aspx?cds=4369468&agglevel=district&year=2021-22 https://dq.cde.ca.gov/dataquest/dqcensus/EnrAgeGrd.aspx?cds=4369419&agglevel=district&year=2021-22 https://labormarketinfo.edd.ca.gov/data/industry-employment-and-unemployment-rates-for-counties.html chrome-extension://efaidnbmnnnibpcajpcglclefindmkaj/https://labormarketinfo.edd.ca.gov/file/lfmonth/2306rcou.pdf Notes and Data Sources: Population: California State Department of Finance. Unemployment Data: California Employment Development Department Income, Age, and Education Data: ESRI - Demographic Estimates are based on the last available Census. Projections are developed by incorporating all of the prior census data released to date. Demographic Data is totaled from Census Block Groups that overlap the City's boundaries 201- and later - Income, Age and education Data - US Census Bureau, most recent American Community Survey Reported Public School Enrollment reflects the total number of students in the Fremont Union High School District and Cupertino Union School District. Previously published reports included Fremont Union High School District only. City of Cupertino Last Ten Fiscal Years Demographic and Economic Statistics 168 197 CC 07-09-2024 197 of 376 Employer Ranking Employer Ranking Apple 1 Intero Real Estate Services, Inc 11 De Anza College 2 Keller Williams Realty 12 Force 5 Software Inc 3 Cupertino Healthcare & Wellness Center 13 Whole Foods Market 4 Exilant 14 Claris International, Inc 5 BJ's Resturant & Brewhouse 15 Health Care Center at the Forum 6 Sunny View Retirement Community 16 Target 7 Insight Solutions Inc 17 Cupertino Union School District 8 Cupertino High School 18 City of Cupertino 9 Monta Vista High School 19 Mist Systems, Inc.10 Nexsales Corp 20 Source: Data-Axle City of Cupertino 2023 Employer Ranking Unaudited) 169 198 CC 07-09-2024 198 of 376 This page intentionally left blank 170 199 CC 07-09-2024 199 of 376 Function/Program 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 Council and Commissions 1.57 1.55 1.60 1.55 2.35 2.35 2.51 2.53 7.30 7.2 Administration 10.75 10.75 10.85 10.57 14.12 15.47 15.15 17.85 24.30 21.8 Innovation & Technology 11.00 10.25 11.40 13.95 14.55 15.05 14.95 11.93 13.40 14.9 Administrative Services 11.00 12.00 12.30 12.30 12.00 14.00 16.00 15.90 18.90 17.9 Parks & Recreation 29.48 31.28 32.18 33.08 35.13 34.80 32.10 31.90 29.50 27.6 Community Development 24.83 24.80 27.30 28.18 28.08 28.13 28.29 28.49 37.50 34.4 Public Works 74.12 77.12 82.12 84.12 84.52 84.95 88.75 90.15 94.10 88.1 Law Enforcement 2.00 2.00 2.00 2.00 2.00 2.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Total 164.75 169.75 179.75 185.75 192.75 196.75 197.75 198.75 225.00 211.90 Source: City of Cupertino Budget City of Cupertino Full-Time Equivalent City Employees by Function/Program Last Ten Fiscal Years Unaudited) 0 50 100 150 200 250 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 Public Works Community Development Parks & Recreation Administrative Services Innovation & Technology Administration Council and Commissions 171 200 CC 07-09-2024 200 of 376 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 Law Enforcement Sheriff Response Priority One-Respond within 5 minutes 4.30 Min.4.90 Min.4.90 Min.5.07 Min 4.23 Min. Priority Two-Respond within 9 minutes 6.39 Min.6.56 Min.6.56 Min.8.00 Min.7.49 Min. Priority Three-Respond within 20 minutes 10.76 Min.10.52 Min.10.52 Min.15.79 Min 14.79 Min. Public Works Street Sweeping 575 Curb Miles 575 Curb Miles 575 Curb Miles 534 Curb Miles 534 Curb Miles Street Maintenance 24 Hrs of Call 24 Hrs of Call 24 Hrs of Call 24 Hrs of Call 24 Hrs of Call Number of development permit applications received 428 Number of encroachment permits received 121 Storm Drain Inlets Inspected/Cleaned 815 Roadway Signs Repaired/Replaced 404 Number of trees planted vs. removed 53/67 Parks & Recreation Number of reservations at Quinlan Center 560 Number of rounds of golf at BBF Golf Course 28,193 Sports Center Memberships 1,950 2,000 1,989 2,015 1,850 Number of Senior Center classes offered 246 Senior Center Memberships 2,623 2,549 2,493 2,094 2,260 Quinlan Community Center Rental Reven $109,342 $110,033 $104,150 $128,778 $72,948 Community Development Approved Building Plan Sets 95% Within 7 Work Days 95% Within 7 Work Days 95% Within 7 Work Days 95% Within 7 Work Days 95% Within 7 Work Days Discretionary Land Use Applications 99% Within 21 Work Days 99% Within 21 Work Days 99% Within 21 Work Days 99% Within 21 Work Days 99% Within 21 Work Days Public Notice of Upcoming Projects 100% Within 10 Days 100% Within 10 Days 100% Within 10 Days 100% Within 10 Days 100% Within 10 Days Number of preliminary reviews 82 Number of planning applications received 169 Number of permits received 2322 Number of inspections requested 16026 Administrative Services Accounts Payable Processing 7 Days 7 Days 7 Days 7 Days 7 Days Business License Renewal Certificates 3 Days 3 Days 3 Days 3 Days 3 Days Number of regular recruitments 21 Number of new hires 26 Number of temporary new hires 101 Number of vendor checks processes 6793 Number of payroll checks process 10387 Number of business license applications 1294 Number of journal entries posted 2830 Number of receipts processed 9766 Library Volumes in Collection - 361817 364,557 369,924 367,979 Annual Gate Count - 869762 880,894 835,073 873,862 Annual Circulation Children's Items - 1474996 1,544,095 1,448,265 1,453,173 Annual Circulation Adult and Teen Items - 999766 1,032,326 950,453 980,609 Adult Classes and Events - 209 215 242 206 Adult Classes and Events Attendence - 11860 8,855 9,242 7,622 Teen Classes and Events - 52 78 66 79 Teen Classes and Events Attendence - 3393 3,135 2,571 2,495 Children's Classes and Events - 458 493 440 426 Children's Classes and Events Attendence - 25529 28,532 25,857 24,675 Volunteer Hours - 11786 10,000 9,645 10,302 Sources: City of Cupertino PM & WIs and Santa Clara County Library District City of Cupertino Operating Indicators by Function/Program Last Ten Fiscal Years Unaudited) Function/Program 172 201 CC 07-09-2024 201 of 376 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 Law Enforcement Sheriff Response Priority One-Respond within 5 minutes 4.39 Min.3.51 Min.3.40 Min.5.33 Min 6.57 Min Priority Two-Respond within 9 minutes 6.23 Min.6.37 Min.6.07 Min. 6.94 Min.7.46 Min. Priority Three-Respond within 20 minutes 12.11 Min.11.96 Min.11.80 Min. 11.73 Min 12.72 Min Public Works Street Sweeping 534 Curb Miles 534 Curb Miles 534 Curb Miles 534 Curb Miles 534 Curb Miles Street Maintenance 24 Hrs of Call 24 Hrs of Call 24 Hrs of Call 24 Hrs of Call 24 Hrs of Call Number of development permit applications 434 428 127 128 127 Number of encroachment permits received 136 134 577 426 449 Storm Drain Inlets Inspected/Cleaned 1063 1638 1802 80%53% Roadway Signs Repaired/Replaced 721 346 1151 3.5%2.0% Number of trees planted vs. removed 155/192 164/190 187/202 211/187 153/105 Parks & Recreation Number of reservations at Quinlan Center 402 526 8 260 405 Number of rounds of golf at BBF Golf Cour 27,205 28,952 43,650 45367 37961 Sports Center Memberships 1,952 1,802 1,655 1186 1394 Number of Senior Center classes offered 320 258 100 183 235 Senior Center Memberships 2,171 2,171 1,470 210 1087 Quinlan Community Center Rental Revenue $139,590 $139,590 $5,507 $115,093 $126,670 Community Development Approved Building Plan Sets 95% Within 7 Work Days 95% Within 7 Work Days 95% Within 7 Work Days 95% Within 7 Work Days 95% Within 7 Work Days Discretionary Land Use Applications 99% Within 21 Work Days 99% Within 21 Work Days 99% Within 21 Work Days99% Within 21 Work Days99% Within 21 Work Days Public Notice of Upcoming Projects 100% Within 10 Days 100% Within 10 Days 100% Within 10 Days 100% Within 10 Days 100% Within 10 Days Number of preliminary reviews 90 110 163 142 127 Number of planning applications received 138 194 237 301 232 Number of permits received 2,321 2,534 2,364 2380 2618 Number of inspections requested 13,625 14,596 13,374 11906 15181 Administrative Services Accounts Payable Processing 7 Days 7 Days 7 Days 7 Days 7 Days Business License Renewal Certificates 3 Days 3 Days 3 Days 3 Days 3 Days Number of regular recruitments 21 28 24 33 29 Number of new hires 16 14 21 38 31 Number of temporary new hires 105 38 17 77 70 Number of vendor checks processes 6,536 5,906 4,457 4993 5130 Number of payroll checks process 10,301 10,802 7,816 8119 9176 Number of business license applications 1,154 1,032 1,061 884 969 Number of journal entries posted 4,521 4,558 3,915 3635 3695 Number of receipts processed 13,913 18,992 10,367 9353 11275 Library Volumes in Collection 367,101 368,461 350,088 367,745 367,745 Annual Gate Count 904,349 620,007 128,912 387,285 387,285 Annual Circulation Children's Items 1,535,842 1,192,880 1,207,878 1,771,986 1,771,986 Annual Circulation Adult and Teen Items 1,049,166 831,114 750,602 1,056,451 1,056,451 Adult Classes and Events 207 396 459 62 62 Adult Classes and Events Attendence 8,304 9,986 19,223 861 861 Teen Classes and Events 52 57 31 21 21 Teen Classes and Events Attendence 1,283 8,495 7,151 916 916 Children's Classes and Events 424 477 464 105 105 Children's Classes and Events Attendence 22,851 26,032 52,634 7,711 7,711 Volunteer Hours 10,191 6,592 465 4305.8 4305.8 Function/Program City of Cupertino Operating Indicators by Function/Program (Continued) Last Ten Fiscal Years Unaudited) 173 202 CC 07-09-2024 202 of 376 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 Public Works Centerlane Miles of Streets 142 142 142 142 142 Streetlights 2,950 2,950 2,950 2,950 2,950 Traffic Signals 48 48 48 48 52 Culture & Recreation Parks and Open Spaces 21 21 21 21 21 Park and Landscape Acreage 169 169 169 169 169 City Trails 3 3 3 3 3 Golf Courses 1 1 1 1 1 Community Center 1 1 1 1 1 Community Hall 1 1 1 1 1 Senior Center 1 1 1 1 1 Sports Center 1 1 1 1 1 Swimming Pools 1 1 1 1 1 Tennis Courts 17 28 28 28 28 Sports Fields 41 41 41 41 41 City Library 1 1 1 1 1 Source: City of Cupertino Budget Book/GIS Team City of Cupertino Capital Assets Statistics by Function/Program Last Ten Fiscal Years Unaudited) Function/Program 174 203 CC 07-09-2024 203 of 376 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 Public Works Centerlane Miles of Streets 142 142 142 142 142 Streetlights 2,950 2,950 2,950 2,950 2,870 Traffic Signals 52 52 52 52 61 Culture & Recreation Parks and Open Spaces 21 21 21 21 21 Park and Landscape Acreage 169 169 169 169 169 City Trails 3 3 3 3 5 Golf Courses 1 1 1 1 1 Community Center 1 1 1 1 1 Community Hall 1 1 1 1 1 Senior Center 1 1 1 1 1 Sports Center 1 1 1 1 1 Swimming Pools 1 1 1 1 1 Tennis Courts 28 28 28 28 28 Sports Fields 41 41 41 41 41 City Library 1 1 1 1 1 Function/Program City of Cupertino Capital Assets Statistics by Function/Program (Continued) Last Ten Fiscal Years Unaudited) 175 204 CC 07-09-2024 204 of 376 This page intentionally left blank 176 205 CC 07-09-2024 205 of 376 Community Economic Profile Cupertino, with a population of 66,274 and City limits stretching across 13 square miles, is considered one of the most prestigious cities to live and work in the Bay Area. Economic health is an essential component to maintaining a balanced city, which provides high-level opportunities and services that create and help sustain a sense of community and quality of life. Public and private interests must be mutual so that success as a partnership is a direct reflection of success as a community. The cornerstone of this partnership is a cooperative and responsive government that fosters residential and business prosperity and strengthens working relationships among all sectors of the community. Because Cupertino is a mature, 93% built-out city, the City of Cupertino focuses on business retention and revitalization. Cupertino is world-renowned as the home to high-tech giant Apple, Inc., and as a community with stellar public schools. De Anza College, one of the largest single-campus community colleges in the country, is another major employer and a magnet for aWracting local and international students. The City’s proactive economic development efforts have resulted in an innovative environment for start-ups and growing companies to thrive, including Bromium, DURECT, SugarCRM, Panasonic Venture Group, Altia Systems, Mirapath, Aemetis Inc, Mist Systems, and Plus. The City strives to retain and aWract local companies through active outreach and a responsive and customer-oriented entitlement process. Cupertino is excited to have a number of new mixed-use development projects offering more retail and dining options, as well as providing additional housing opportunities to meet the needs of the growing community. The Main Street and Nineteen800 mixed-use developments have created a vibrant downtown area for Cupertino, offering a large selection of restaurants and retailers, including Alexander ’s Steakhouse, Eureka!, Oren’s Hummus, Lazy Dog, Ippudo, Pasta Armellino, HaiDiLao Hot Pot Restaurant, Pineapple Thai, Pressed Juicery, Orangetheory, 85 Degree Bakery, SomiSomi, Sul & Beans, Kura Sushi, Vitality Bowls, La Pizzeria, Tan- cha, Koja Kitchen, Bishops Cuts & Colors, Capezio, Howard’s Shoes, and Meet Fresh. Housing, office, and the Residence Inn by Marriott are available to support the thriving area. Serving as a long-time retail anchor for the community, The Marketplace has a variety of stores and restaurants popular with students, families, and working professionals. They include Galpao Gaucho, Daiso, Marukai Groceries, Harumi Sushi, La Patisserie Bakery, Beard Papa’s, Legend’s Pizza, Icicles, Kong’s Tofu & BBQ, Rori Rice, One Pot Shabu Shabu, Olarn Thai, and Erik’s DeliCafé to name a few. Cupertino Village is undergoing renovations to upgrade existing buildings, construct new buildings, parking, and open-courtyard space. The shopping center is home to 99 Ranch Market, Duke of Edinburgh Pub & Restaurant, JSJ Street Kitchen, Kira Kira Beauty, MOD Pizza, Ten Ren Tea, Fantasia Coffee & Tea, Kee Wah Bakery, Happy Lemon, and many other Asian restaurants, bakeries, and shops. The property owners have received approval to construct a new full-service boutique hotel with 185 rooms to accommodate business and leisure travelers. Cupertino features many other retail opportunities, including TJ Maxx and Home Goods, Whole Foods, Target, Party City, and over 180 restaurants to serve residents and the local workforce. There are now seven hotels providing over 1,000 rooms, to serve the area: The Alo Cupertino, Cupertino Hotel, Hilton Garden Inn, Hya House, Juniper Hotel operated by Curio, Marriott Courtyard, and Residence Inn by Marriott. Another longtime retail anchor in north Cupertino is Homestead Square Shopping Center, located at Homestead Road and De Anza Boulevard. This shopping center includes a 24-hour Safeway, Ulta Beauty, Ross Stores, Pet Club, Michael’s, Rite Aid, FedEx, and numerous restaurants, such as Fish’s Wild, Pho Hoa Noodle Soup, Yayoi Teishoku Japanese Restaurant, Starbucks, Chipotle, and financial institutions. 177 206 CC 07-09-2024 206 of 376 Recently approved is the redevelopment of The Oaks Shopping Center site, located off of State Route 85 freeway and across from De Anza College. The Westport Cupertino project will be a mixed-used development consisting of 259 housing units (Rowhouse/Townhomes, senior apartments) 35 memory care rooms, and 20,000 square feet of commercial space. Apple Park, Apple’s newest corporate campus, features approximately 2.8 million square feet of office and R&D space north of Highway 280 between Wolfe Road and Tantau Avenue. A state-of-the-art Visitors Center, Observation Deck, flagship retail store, and café are open to the public. 178 207 CC 07-09-2024 207 of 376 CITY OF CUPERTINO Agenda Item 23-12839 Agenda Date: 7/9/2024 Agenda #: 3. Subject: Adoption of Vision Zero Action Plan Adopt Resolution No. 24-070, adopting the Cupertino Vision Zero Action Plan Presenter: David Stillman, Transportation Manager CITY OF CUPERTINO Printed on 7/3/2024Page 1 of 1 powered by Legistar™208 CC 07-09-2024 208 of 376 CITY COUNCIL STAFF REPORT Meeting: July 9, 2024 Subject Adoption of Vision Zero Action Plan. Recommended Action Adopt Resolution No. 24-xxxx, adopting the Cupertino Vision Zero Action Plan. Reasons for Recommendation Cupertino’s Vision Zero Action Plan (Plan) is an important step towards eliminating citywide multimodal traffic fatalities and serious injuries. Through this Plan, a goal is set to reduce fatalities and serious injuries to zero within the next 16 years. Background In 2022, the Transportation Division completed the development of a comprehensive Local Roadway Safety Plan (LRSP). The LRSP identifies transportation safety improvement needs throughout the City of Cupertino for all modes of transportation and for all ages and abilities to reduce fatal and severe injury collisions. The LRSP came to fruition through a decision-making process that relied on a data-driven collision analysis of local roadways, partnership with stakeholders, and public outreach. The result is a Plan containing a toolbox of countermeasures to address the safety patterns as well as proposed projects to improve safety at key locations. Building on the guidance provided by the LRSP, Cupertino’s Vision Zero Action Plan advances to the next level the efforts to achieve transportation safety improvements by identifying strategies to eliminate all fatal and serious injury accidents and by setting achievable goals to do so. The Vision Zero concept originated in Europe and consists of an approach that recognizes that people are vulnerable and make mistake s, that deaths and serious injuries on the roadways are unacceptable, that redundancy is crucial and that responsibility for roadway safety is shared. Consequently, Vision Zero is a multi- disciplinary approach that considers roadway design, speeds, behaviors, technology, and policies to enhance safety. In a manner similar to that taken with the LRSP, the development of the Vision Zero Plan 209 CC 07-09-2024 209 of 376 began with a data-driven approach; however, rather than evaluating five years of collision data Vision Zero analyzed ten years, with a focus on fatalities and serious injuries. From the data, a network of high-injury intersections and corridors was identified, and a toolbox of countermeasures was developed to guide the implementation of safety projects. The countermeasures cover aspects of roadway design, pedestrian and bicycle safety, speed management, operations and signal timing, signage and marking, transit safety, as well as elements of education, public awareness, and enforcement. The Plan identifies nine collision profiles that emphasize the trends observed in collisions resulting in fatalities or serious injuries. The profiles were developed through the analysis of collision data and relevant environmental factors. Each profile identifies a collision type that is considered a priority concern, and accompanying each profile are safety countermeasures drawn from the toolbox that is most applicable to the specific crash and location context. The nine collision profiles are 1) Pedestrian s and bicyclists are most vulnerable; 2) Unsafe speeds; 3) Improved intersection safety for all; 4) Pedestrian code violation; 5) Majority of bicycle collisions are broadside collisions; 6) Teenagers biking near schools and parks; 7) Driving under the influence; 8) Bicycle collisions and automobile right-of-way violation; and 9) Collisions near transit stops. The Vision Zero Plan aims to achieve the objective of reducing fatalities and serious injuries by recommending a focus of investment along eight key priority corridors and implementing a series of actions over the next several years. The priority corridors constitute the High Injury Network (HIN) and include Stevens Creek Boulevard, Homestead Road, McClellan Road, De Anza Boulevard, Stelling Road, Wolfe Road/Miller Avenue, Bollinger Road, and Blaney Avenue. The implementable actions are outlined as a set of steps to act as a pathway towards achieving Vision Zero, with each action assigned a specific timeline and a performance metric to gauge progress. Short-term actions can be executed within a two-year timeframe, while the more extensive long-term actions can be realized within a period of five to ten years. The implementation of the actions will necessitate a collaboration between City departments, the local community, and partner organizations. A comprehensive table of actions, including the safety strategy addressed, timeline, progress measure, key partners, and a qualitative determination of the resources needed to complete the action begins on page 83 of the Plan. Crucial to the success of the Vision Zero Plan is ongoing education and enforcement and, more critically, continuous data collection and analysis that will be performed in collaboration with a Task Force. The Task Force will consist of a stakeholder group that will use collaboration, data-driven strategies, and community engagement to ensure the goals of the Plan are achieved. The work of the Task Force will also inform the development of periodic future updates of the Plan, a necessary step to ensure that adjustments to implementable actions and strategies, identified through the course of ongoing data collection, analysis, and public engagement, necessary to achieve the Plan’s goals can be achieved. Finally, the adoption of a Vision Zero Plan significantly strengthens the City’s application 210 CC 07-09-2024 210 of 376 for safety-related transportation grant funding and is a requirement for some grant programs including the Safe Streets and Roads for All (SS4A) Program administered by the U.S. Department of Transportation. Public Outreach Extensive public outreach was performed to help inform the development of the Vision Zero Plan. This began with a community meeting held virtually on October 4, 2023, where the project was introduced, the principles and benefits of the Vision Zero Plan were described, collision analysis findings were presented, and feedback was solicited from the public on observed safety problem areas. This was followed by a second community meeting on January 23, where the countermeasures toolbox, collision profiles, action plan, vision zero programs, and next steps were presented and discussed, followed by an open discussion and a question-and-answer session. Additionally, one stakeholder meeting was held, consisting of City staff, Santa Clara County Sheriff and Fire Department staff, Cupertino Union School District and Fremont Union High School District staff, and members of the Cupertino Bicycle Pedestrian Commission. The purpose of the stakeholder meeting was to solicit feedback and present findings to our partners who may have knowledge and expertise in their specific areas of public service. Throughout the Plan development process, City staff maintained an online project dashboard as a means to collect feedback from the community on a continuous basis, and a webpage was maintained at www.cupertino.org/visionzero to provide ongoing project updates. Information on how to access the dashboard and the website was provided at community meetings, which were widely advertised via the City’s social media accounts, email distributions, Safe Routes to School groups, Cupertino Scene articles, distributed flyers, and other means. Bicycle Pedestrian Commission The draft Vision Zero Policy and Action Plan was presented to the Cupertino Bicycle Pedestrian Commission at the regular meeting of March 20. At the meeting, staff received valuable feedback on the Plan, which was incorporated into a revised draft that was presented to the Commission at a Special Bicycle Pedestrian Commission meeting on June 13. The commission unanimously approved a motion to recommend that the City Council adopt the Vision Zero Plan, including some additional edits which have subsequently been incorporated into the Final Draft presented to Council for adoption. Sustainability Impact No sustainability impact. Fiscal Impact There is no fiscal impact resulting from the adoption of the Plan. The development of the Plan was achieved through a City Council allocation of $100,000, all of which has been 211 CC 07-09-2024 211 of 376 expended to create the final draft being considered for adoption. Significant further revisions to the Plan would likely require a contract and budget amendment. California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA) The proposed Vision Zero Action Plan is exempt from CEQA under CEQA Guidelines section 15162 (Feasibility and Planning Studies). _____________________________________ Prepared by: David Stillman, Transportation Manager Reviewed by: Chad Mosley, Director of Public Works Approved for Submission by: Pamela Wu, City Manager Attachments: A – Draft Resolution B – Draft Vision Zero Action Plan 212 CC 07-09-2024 212 of 376 Attachment A RESOLUTION NO. 24-XXX A RESOLUTION OF THE CUPERTINO CITY COUNCIL DECLARING TO BECOME A VISION ZERO COMMUNITY AND ADOPTING A VISION ZERO ACTION PLAN WITH THE CLEAR GOAL OF ELIMINATING TRAFFIC FATALITIES AND SEVERE INJURIES ON CITY STREETS BY THE YEAR 2040 WHEREAS, according to data from the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, each year, approximately 40,000 people are killed in traffic collisions in the United States; and WHEREAS, in a study comparing 19 peer nations, the Center for Disease Control and Prevention found that the United States has the highest traffic death rate per person; and WHEREAS, from 2012 to 2021, 9 people died and 74 suffered severe life changing injuries on City of Cupertino’s streets; and WHEREAS, from 2012 to 2021, 4 pedestrians died and 20 suffered severe life changing injuries on City of Cupertino’s streets; and WHEREAS, from 2012 to 2021, 4 cyclists died and 23 suffered severe life changing injuries on City of Cupertino’s streets; and WHEREAS, 81% percent of crashes where people were killed or seriously injured occurred at or near intersections and 19% percent occurred along a roadway segment; and WHEREAS, the most common primary collision factor for crashes where people were killed or seriously injured was traveling at an unsafe speed followed by failure of motorist to yield the right of way; and WHEREAS, the inappropriate actions of motorists were cited as the cause of 72% percent of crashes involving pedestrians as compared to 14% percent of these crashes being caused by the actions of pedestrians and 14% caused by party at fault that could not be determined; and WHEREAS, the public has stated that their primary concern related to traffic safety is pedestrian safety and bicyclist safety followed by speeding; and 213 CC 07-09-2024 213 of 376 Resolution No. __________________ Page 2 WHEREAS, the Fourth Guiding Principle of the City’s General Plan: Community Vision 2015-2040, Enhance Mobility, states that Cupertino will ensure the efficient and safe movement of cars, trucks, transit, pedestrians, bicyclists and disabled persons throughout Cupertino to fully accommodate Cupertino’s residents, workers, visitors, and students of all ages and abilities; and WHEREAS, in Chapter 5 Mobility of the City’s General Plan: Community Vision 2015-2040, Goal M-2 is the implementation of improvements to city streets that safely accommodate all transportation modes and persons of all abilities; and WHEREAS, in the introduction of Chapter 7 Health and Safety of the City’s General Plan: Community Vision 2015-2040, Cupertino commits to the protection of the community from risks to life associated with human-caused hazards; and WHEREAS, Vision Zero is a public health-based traffic safety strategy to reduce and eventually eliminate traffic deaths and serious injuries using a data driven multi-disciplinary and safe systems approach that also increases safe, healthy equitable mobility for all; and WHEREAS, Vision Zero recognizes that while human error will always occur, a combination of engineering, education and enforcement measures can reduce collisions and can prevent collisions from causing death or severe injuries; and WHEREAS, one death or serious injury on City streets is one too many and City and departmental leadership are dedicated to strategies that aim to reduce and eliminate deaths and serious injuries on City streets; and WHEREAS, increasing real and perceived safety for people walking and bicycling is a key step in enabling more people to choose these clean air-modes of transportation that will support the City’s goal of promoting policies to help achieve state, regional and local air quality and greenhouse gas emission reduction targets; and WHEREAS, the Federal Highway Administration has committed to eliminating fatalities and serious injuries on the nation’s roadways using a data- driven interdisciplinary approach modeled after Vision Zero; and 214 CC 07-09-2024 214 of 376 Resolution No. __________________ Page 3 WHEREAS, the California Department of Transportation (Caltrans) has adopted the goal of moving toward zero deaths with a focus on using proven effective strategies and countermeasures; and WHEREAS, the Federal Highway Administration identifies six principles that form the basis of the Safe System approach: deaths and serious injuries are unacceptable, humans make mistakes, humans are vulnerable, responsibility is shared, safety is proactive, and redundancy is crucial; and WHEREAS, Vision Zero aims to design and operate roads to create a Safe System by implementing features appropriate for the intended and actual road use and speed environment, by reducing the likelihood of human error and reducing the consequences of error. NOW, THEREFORE, BE IT RESOLVED that the City Council does hereby: 1. Adopts as policy direction the tenants of Vision Zero with the expressed goal of reducing the number of fatal and serious injury crashes along all roadways under the jurisdiction of the City to zero by the year 2040; and 2. Encourage all City Departments, leadership, and staff to proactively encourage and support Vision Zero in all facets and aspects of their mission, administration, and service delivery. 3. Direct the City Manager to: i) Develop procedures and programs to further the goals and objectives of Vision Zero and take data-driven actions to achieve zero fatal and serious injury crashes based on available crash data and community input and includes the “seven E’s” of engagement, equity, engineering, encouragement, education, enforcement, and evaluation; and ii) Propose as part of the annual budget process to prioritize funding and availability of staff resources for implementing Vision Zero projects and programs; and iii) Adopt and proactively encourage the application of the Federal Highway Administration’s list of Proven Safety Countermeasures; and iv) Revise design criteria for new roadways and existing roadways to achieve a Desired Operating Speed appropriate for the context, that are sustainable and self-enforcing or self-encouraging, that are reflective of the current state of the practice for context-sensitive, people-centric 215 CC 07-09-2024 215 of 376 Resolution No. __________________ Page 4 designs that are to human scale and recognizes desire lines between people-centric origins and destinations, and assert context-sensitive, people-centric judgement over numerical warrants; and v) Review laws, ordinances, rules, policies, procedures, and regulations for conflictive or contrary language and provide remedy through administrative, collaborative, or legislative action; and vi) Develop and maintain effective partnerships with other agencies, entities, organizations, community groups, and stakeholders to further the goals of and support for Vision Zero; and vii) Establish a Vision Zero Task Force to provide for ongoing evaluation and performance measurements and present to Council on a regular basis a report on the initial and ongoing status of achieving the goal of zero fatal and serious injury crashes by the year 2040. BE IT FURTHER RESOLVED that this Resolution is not a project under the requirements of the California Environmental Quality Act, together with related State CEQA Guidelines (collectively, “CEQA”) because it has no potential for resulting in physical change in the environment. In the event that this Resolution is found to be a project under CEQA, it is subject to the CEQA exemption contained in CEQA Guidelines section 15061(b)(3) because it can be seen with certainty to have no possibility that the action approved may have a significant effect on the environment. CEQA applies only to actions which have the potential for causing a significant effect on the environment. Where it can be seen with certainty that there is no possibility that the activity in question may have a significant effect on the environment, the activity is not subject to CEQA. In this circumstance, the proposed action of adopting a Vision Zero Policy and Action Plan would have no or only a de minimis effect on the environment. The foregoing determination is made by the City Council in its independent judgment. PASSED AND ADOPTED at a special meeting of the City Council of the City of Cupertino this 9th day of July, 2024, by the following vote: Members of the City Council AYES: NOES: ABSENT: ABSTAIN: 216 CC 07-09-2024 216 of 376 Resolution No. __________________ Page 5 SIGNED: ________ Sheila Mohan, Mayor City of Cupertino ________________________ Date ATTEST: ________ Kirsten Squarcia, City Clerk ________________________ Date 217 CC 07-09-2024 217 of 376 VISION CUPERTINO PREPARED BY VISION ZERO ACTION PLAN JULY 2024 DRAFT REPORT 218 CC 07-09-2024 218 of 376 DESIGN & LAYOUT BY TJKM TRANSPORTATION CONSULTANTS PHOTOGRAPHY PROVIDED BY STEVEN M. DAUTERMAN WITH TJKM TRANSPORTATION CONSULTANTS 4305 HACIENDA DR, SUITE 550 PLEASANTON, CA 94588 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED COPYRIGHT © 2024 TJKM TRANSPORTATION CONSULTANTS NO PORTION OF THIS REPORT MAY BE USED OR REPRODUCED WITHOUT PRIOR WRITTEN CONSENT OF THE CITY OF CUPERTINO. YOUT BY TJKMYOUT BY TJKM ROVROV 219 CC 07-09-2024 219 of 376 TABLE OF CONTENTS List of Figures .................................................................................................................................... Acknowledgments .......................................................................................................................... I A Letter from the City..................................................................................................................... i What is a Vision Zero Action Plan................................................................................................ ii Vision Zero Resolution ................................................................................................................. iii Vision Statement........................................................................................................................... ix Chapter 1 - Background & Policies..............................................................................................1 Introduction.................................................................................................................................................................2 Plans and Policies......................................................................................................................................................9 Aligning existing Improvements with Vision Zero.....................................................................................15 Building Blocks of Vision Zero...........................................................................................................................17 Community Engagement.....................................................................................................................................18 Chapter 2 - Data-Driven Approach ............................................................................................ 21 Collision Trends........................................................................................................................................................23 High Injury Network ...............................................................................................................................................26 Countermeasure Toolbox.....................................................................................................................................31 &ROOLVLRQ3URÀOHV ......................................................................................................................................................40 Chapter 3 - Action Plan ............................................................................................................... 60 Priority Corridors .....................................................................................................................................................61 Ongoing/Future Safety Initiatives ....................................................................................................................78 Implementable Actions .......................................................................................................................................83 Funding and Implementation ...........................................................................................................................92 Vision Zero Task Force Work Plan....................................................................................................................93 Transportation Technology .................................................................................................................................95 Educational Programs...........................................................................................................................................97 7UD඼F(QIRUFHPHQW3URJUDPV ........................................................................................................................101 Partnership.............................................................................................................................................................104 Continuous Data Collection and Analysis..................................................................................................106 Vision Zero and General Plan Update.........................................................................................................107 How to Get Involved...........................................................................................................................................111 Chapter 4 - Technical Appendices............................................................................................112 DR A F T .................. ................................. ........................................................... ............................................................................................................ ............................................................................................................................. .................................................................................................... ....................................................................................... .......................................................................... ................................................................................................ .................................................................................................................. .................................................................................................... xx ........................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................ n PlanPlan .................................................................................... rridors .................................................................. ng/Future Safety Initiativesng/Future Safety Initiatives ............ plementable Actions plementable Actions ............................................ nding and Implementation nding and Implementati .. Zero Task Force WZero Task Force Worko tion Ttion TechnoloechnoloTTT ogramogram 220 CC 07-09-2024 220 of 376 LIST OF FIGURESLIST OF FIGURES Figure 1: Cities That Have Adopted Vision Zero...................................................................................................2 Figure 2: Map of Fatal Collisions in Cupertino (2012 to 2021)........................................................................4 Figure 3: Chart of Speed vs. Probability of the Crash Being Fatal ................................................................5 Figure 4: KSI Collisions by Year....................................................................................................................................6 Figure 5: Most Vulnerable Travelers ..........................................................................................................................7 Figure 6: Percentage of Collisions by Mode...........................................................................................................7 )LJXUH3UREDELOLW\RI3HGHVWULDQ6XරHULQJ.6,&RQWUDVWHGZLWK6SHHG ...............................................16 Figure 8: Interactive Map Comment Responses................................................................................................20 Figure 9: Collisions Trends in City of Cupertino (2012 to 2021)..................................................................23 Figure 10: Map of Fatalities and Severe Injuries (2012-2021)......................................................................24 Figure 11: Fatalities and Severe Injuries by Year................................................................................................24 Figure 12: City of Cupertino - High Injury Network - Corridors (2012-2021).......................................27 Figure 13: City of Cupertino - High Injury Network - Intersections (2012-2021)................................29 )LJXUH7RS1LQH&ROOLVLRQ3URÀOHV ....................................................................................................................40 )LJXUH&ROOLVLRQ3URÀOH6WDWV ...............................................................................................................................41 Figure 16: Midblock Crossing..................................................................................................................................108 DR A F T ........ ................................. ................................................................... ZLWK6SHHGZLWK6S ................................................... .............................................................................................................................. 2 to 2021)2 to 20 .................................................... s (2012-2021)021)................................................. y Yy YearearYYY .............................................................................................. njury Network - Corridors (2012-20Network - Corridors (2012-2 gh Injury Network - Intersections twork - Intersections Q3URÀOHVQ3URÀOHV .......................................................................... RÀOH6WDWVRÀOH6W ................................................................................ ck Crossingossing................................................................................ 221 CC 07-09-2024 221 of 376 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTSACKNOWLEDGMENTS The development of Cupertino’s Vision Zero Action Plan has been a collaborative endeavor, greatly EHQHÀWLQJIURPWKHLQYROYHPHQWRIDGLYHUVHJURXSRIVWDNHKROGHUV7KHDFWLYHSDUWLFLSDWLRQ of community members in the two virtual community meetings has been crucial in ensuring the plan’s comprehensiveness and responsiveness to the community’s needs. We extend our heartfelt appreciation to these individuals for their invaluable input, which has played a vital role in successfully creating the City of Cupertino Vision Zero Action Plan. We would also like WRH[SUHVVRXUJUDWLWXGHWRWKHHOHFWHGR඼FLDOV&XSHUWLQRVWDර&XSHUWLQR%LF\FOH3HGHVWULDQ &RPPLVVLRQ6DQWD&ODUD&RXQW\)LUH'HSDUWPHQWDQG6KHULර'HSDUWPHQWDQGVFKRROGLVWULFWVIRU their contributions throughout this process. Your feedback has been instrumental in aligning the plan with local priorities, policies, and existing programs. TJKM Transportation Consultants Mark Doty Devyani Padubidri City of Cupertino Bicycle Pedestrian Commission Grace John Jack Carter (Former) Gerhard Eschelbeck (Former) Erik Lindskog (Former) Harvé Marcy Chair Joel Wolf Vice Chair Ilango Ganga John Zhao Key Stakeholders 6KHULර'HSDUWPHQW Santa Clara County Fire Department Fremont Union High School District (FUHSD) Cupertino Union School District (CUSD) Walk Bike Cupertino City of Cupertino Community Outreach Specialist City of Cupertino Community Development City of Cupertino Safe Routes to School (OHFWHG2෈FLDOV Sheila Mohan Mayor J.R. Fruen Vice Mayor Hung Wei Councilmember Liang Chao Councilmember Kitty Moore Councilmember &LW\RI&XSHUWLQR6WD෇ David Stillman Transportation Manager Prashanth Dullu Assistant Engineer Ruta Jariwala, PE, TE Project Manager DR A F T QRQR QWDQGVFQWDQG instrumental ininstru rtino ino destrian Commissiondestrian Commission Grace JohnGrace John Jack Carter ack C (Former)orm GerhGerh (Fo(Fo MarcyMarcy olfolf eholdersehold ර'HSDUWPHQWර'HSD Santa Clara County Fire Departmenanta Clara County Fire Departmen Fremont Union High School Dmont Union Cupertino Union School Do Union Walk Bike CupertinoWalk Bike Cupertino City of CupertinCity of Cupertin Community Co City of CCi ComCo Prashanth DulluPrashanth Dull Assistant EngineerAssistant Enginee 222 CC 07-09-2024 222 of 376 BACKGROUND & POLICIES CUPERTINO VISION ZERO ACTION PLAN I A LETTER FROM THE CITY A LETTER FROM THE CITY To the residents of Cupertino, $VZHEHOLHYHWKDWRQHWUD඼FGHDWKLVRQHWRRPDQ\&XSHUWLQR·V9LVLRQ=HURDQG$FWLRQ3ODQLV DQLPSRUWDQWVWHSWRZDUGVHOLPLQDWLQJFLW\ZLGHPXOWLPRGDOWUD඼FIDWDOLWLHVDQGVHULRXVLQMXULHV Through this plan, a goal is set to reduce fatalities and serious injuries to zero by 2040. The City believes that collisions can be prevented instead of just avoided and we are committed to undertaking the hard tasks and investments that must be made to make this belief a reality. We know the path to achieving Vision Zero is not a smooth one. It requires a fundamental and ZLGHVSUHDGFRPPLWPHQWWRDFXOWXUHRIVDIHW\WKDWLPSOHPHQWVVDIHULQIUDVWUXFWXUHDQGLQÁXHQFHV good behaviors in a way that speaks to every person, every time they move throughout the city. Our robust Vision Zero Action Plan sets us on a course to achieve our shared goals, including safe streets for all. Ensuring all users of Cupertino roads – motorists, pedestrians, cyclists, schoolchildren, the elderly, and those with mobile impairments – have safe, comfortable, and easy access to their destinations is key to a successful Action Plan, and the City is dedicated to providing this to all Cupertino residents, employees, and visitors. The goals and objectives laid out in this Action Plan, based not only on quantitative data but also on inclusive and robust community outreach, will build upon previous City commitments and investments to ensure optimal transportation safety. 7KLV FROODERUDWLYH HරRUW ZLWK WKH &LW\ &RXQFLO·V OHDGHUVKLS &LW\ 6WDර·V KDUG ZRUN DQG WKH community’s input and feedback, is a call to action for all who believe and want a safer Cupertino for future generations. We look forward to your participation. Sincerely, Sheila Mohan Mayor J.R. Fruen Vice MayorDR A F T ME ITY d we ke this It require VDIHULQIUDVWUXFW e they move throuMachieve our shared goals, inM ans, cyclistsEtable, and eYed toITY tion Plan, based not only o ch, will build upon p al transportation safety W ZLWK WKH &LW\ &RXQFLO·V nd feedback, is a call to action fo We look forward to your part y, a Moh uen yor 223 CC 07-09-2024 223 of 376 BACKGROUND & POLICIES CUPERTINO VISION ZERO ACTION PLAN II WHAT IS A VISION ZERO ACTION PLAN A Vision Zero document serves as a roadmap IRU FRRUGLQDWLQJ HරRUWV DFURVV PXOWLSOH sectors and stakeholders to create safer, more sustainable transportation systems DQGXOWLPDWHO\DFKLHYHWKHJRDORI]HURWUD඼F fatalities and severe injuries. A Vision Zero document typically encompasses a comprehensive strategy aimed at eliminating DOO WUD඼F IDWDOLWLHV DQG VHYHUH LQMXULHV ZKLOH promoting safe, healthy, and equitable mobility for all road users. Cupertino’s Vision Zero document aligns with these goals, and includes the following elements: 1. Vision Statement: A clear and concise statement outlining the ultimate goal of DFKLHYLQJ]HURWUD඼FIDWDOLWLHVDQGVHYHUH LQMXULHVZLWKLQDVSHFLÀHGWLPHIUDPH 2. Policy Framework: A set of guiding prin- ciples and policies that prioritize safety and promote a holistic approach to transporta- tion planning, design, and operations. 3. Data Analysis: An analysis of crash data to identify high-risk areas, vulnerable road users, contributing factors, and trends in WUD඼FFUDVKHVDQGLQMXULHV 4. Goals and Objectives: Clear and mea- surable goals and objectives for reducing WUD඼F IDWDOLWLHV DQG VHYHUH LQMXULHV RIWHQ broken down by target groups, such as pe- destrians, bicyclists, motorists, and public transit users. 5. Strategies and Interventions:,GHQWLÀFD- WLRQDQGSULRULWL]DWLRQRIVSHFLÀFVWUDWHJLHV and interventions to improve safety, in- cluding engineering, enforcement, educa- tion, and evaluation measures. These may include road design improvements, speed management, targeted enforcement cam- paigns, public awareness campaigns, and policy changes. 6. Action Plan: A detailed plan outlining how each strategy and intervention will be im- plemented, including timelines, responsi- ble agencies or departments, and funding sources. 7. Performance Measurement: Metrics and indicators to track progress towards safety JRDOVHYDOXDWHWKHHරHFWLYHQHVVRILPSOH- mented interventions, and adjust strate- gies as needed. 8. Stakeholder Engagement: Strategies for engaging with stakeholders, including gov- ernment agencies, law enforcement, com- munity organizations, advocacy groups, and the public, to ensure collaboration and support for Vision Zero initiatives. 9. Evaluation and Continuous Improve- ment: Mechanisms for evaluating the im- pact of Vision Zero interventions and mak- ing adjustments based on lessons learned and emerging best practices. oncise al of HUH set of guiding that prioritize safe c approach to transporta gn, and operations nalysis: An analysis of entify high-risk areas, vulnera sers, contributing factors, and tre D඼FFUDVKHVDQGLQMXULHV and Objectives: C oals and objec LHV DQG V yta , en on me design ent, targeted public awareness y cha Action A detailed plan outl each strategy and intervention plemented, in e agenci es. 7. Perf nce M indicators to t JRDOV HYDO 8. 224 CC 07-09-2024 224 of 376 VISION ZERO RESOLUTION RESOLUTION NO. 24-XXX A RESOLUTION OF THE CUPERTINO CITY COUNCIL DECLARING TO BECOME A VISION ZERO COMMUNITY AND ADOPTING A VISION ZERO ACTION PLAN WITH THE CLEAR GOAL OF ELIMINATING TRAFFIC FATALITIES AND SEVERE INJURIES ON CITY STREETS BY THE YEAR 2040 WHEREAS, according to data from the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, each year, approximately 40,000 people are killed in traffic collisions in the United States; and WHEREAS, in a study comparing 19 peer nations, the Center for Disease Control and Prevention found that the United States has the highest traffic death rate per person; and WHEREAS, from 2012 to 2021, 9 people died and 74 suffered severe life changing injuries on City of Cupertino’s streets; and WHEREAS, from 2012 to 2021, 4 pedestrians died and 20 suffered severe life changing injuries on City of Cupertino’s streets; and WHEREAS, from 2012 to 2021, 4 cyclists died and 23 suffered severe life changing injuries on City of Cupertino’s streets; and WHEREAS, 81% percent of crashes where people were killed or seriously injured occurred at or near intersections and 19% percent occurred along a roadway segment; and WHEREAS, the most common primary collision factor for crashes where people were killed or seriously injured was traveling at an unsafe speed followed by failure of motorist to yield the right of way; and WHEREAS, the inappropriate actions of motorists were cited as the cause of 72% percent of crashes involving pedestrians as compared to 14% percent of these crashes being caused by the actions of pedestrians and 14% caused by party at fault that could not be determined; and WHEREAS, the public has stated that their primary concern related to traffic safety is pedestrian safety and bicyclist safety followed by speeding; and ghway ple are kill er nations, the Center for Dis d States has the highest traffic 21, 9 people died and ino’s streets; a 2 to 2021, 4 pedestrians died n City of Cupertino’s st S, from 2012 to 2 yclis on City of Cupertino’s stree WHEREAS, 81% percen ed occurred at or near inte adway segment; and WHER he m re killed or se motorist 225 CC 07-09-2024 225 of 376 Resolution No. __________________ Page 2 WHEREAS, the Fourth Guiding Principle of the City’s General Plan: Community Vision 2015-2040, Enhance Mobility, states that Cupertino will ensure the efficient and safe movement of cars, trucks, transit, pedestrians, bicyclists and disabled persons throughout Cupertino to fully accommodate Cupertino’s residents, workers, visitors, and students of all ages and abilities; and WHEREAS, in Chapter 5 Mobility of the City’s General Plan: Community Vision 2015-2040, Goal M-2 is the implementation of improvements to city streets that safely accommodate all transportation modes and persons of all abilities; and WHEREAS, in the introduction of Chapter 7 Health and Safety of the City’s General Plan: Community Vision 2015-2040, Cupertino commits to the protection of the community from risks to life associated with human-caused hazards; and WHEREAS, Vision Zero is a public health-based traffic safety strategy to reduce and eventually eliminate traffic deaths and serious injuries using a data driven multi-disciplinary and safe systems approach that also increases safe, healthy equitable mobility for all; and WHEREAS, Vision Zero recognizes that while human error will always occur, a combination of engineering, education and enforcement measures can reduce collisions and can prevent collisions from causing death or severe injuries; and WHEREAS, one death or serious injury on City streets is one too many and City and departmental leadership are dedicated to strategies that aim to reduce and eliminate deaths and serious injuries on City streets; and WHEREAS, increasing real and perceived safety for people walking and bicycling is a key step in enabling more people to choose these clean air-modes of transportation that will support the City’s goal of promoting policies to help achieve state, regional and local air quality and greenhouse gas emission reduction targets; and WHEREAS, the Federal Highway Administration has committed to eliminating fatalities and serious injuries on the nation’s roadways using a data- driven interdisciplinary approach modeled after Vision Zero; and ate Cuate C es; and es; and General Plan: CommunityGeneral Plan: C improvements to city streets improvements to city and persons of all abilitiesand persons of all abilities; and apter 7 Health and Safety of the Capter 7 Health and Safety of the C 040, Cupertino commits to the prCupertino com sociated with humanth huma -caused haza is a public healtha public health-based traffic sd traffi nate traffic deaths and serious inaffic deaths and serious in y and safe systems approachsystems approach thth ility for allility for al ; and AS, AS, Vision Zero recognizes that Vision Zero recognizes th bination of engineering, educatination of engineering, educati lisions and can preventand can prevent collisionscollisions WHEREAS, WHEREAS one death or seone death or s City and departmental leadersCity and departmental leaders d eliminate deaths and sed eliminate deaths and WHEREAS, WHEREAS, incin a key sa key s tt 226 CC 07-09-2024 226 of 376 Resolution No. __________________ Page 3 WHEREAS, the California Department of Transportation (Caltrans) has adopted the goal of moving toward zero deaths with a focus on using proven effective strategies and countermeasures; and WHEREAS, the Federal Highway Administration identifies six principles that form the basis of the Safe System approach: deaths and serious injuries are unacceptable, humans make mistakes, humans are vulnerable, responsibility is shared, safety is proactive, and redundancy is crucial; and WHEREAS, Vision Zero aims to design and operate roads to create a Safe System by implementing features appropriate for the intended and actual road use and speed environment, by reducing the likelihood of human error and reducing the consequences of error. NOW, THEREFORE, BE IT RESOLVED that the City Council does hereby: 1. Adopts as policy direction the tenants of Vision Zero with the expressed goal of reducing the number of fatal and serious injury crashes along all roadways under the jurisdiction of the City to zero by the year 2040; and 2. Encourage all City Departments, leadership, and staff to proactively encourage and support Vision Zero in all facets and aspects of their mission, administration, and service delivery. 3. Direct the City Manager to: i) Develop procedures and programs to further the goals and objectives of Vision Zero and take data-driven actions to achieve zero fatal and serious injury crashes based on available crash data and community input and includes the “seven E’s” of engagement, equity, engineering, encouragement, education, enforcement, and evaluation; and ii) Propose as part of the annual budget process to prioritize funding and availability of staff resources for implementing Vision Zero projects and programs; and iii) Adopt and proactively encourage the application of the Federal Highway Administration’s list of Proven Safety Countermeasures; and iv) Revise design criteria for new roadways and existing roadways to achieve a Desired Operating Speed appropriate for the context, that are sustainable and self-enforcing or self-encouraging, that are reflective of DR A F T es sixes six serious injuserious able, responsibilable, re d d d operate roads to create a Safe d operate roads to create or the intended and actual road usor the intended and actual road elihood of human error and reduelihood of human error and redu IT RESOLVED that the City CounRESOLVED that the City C direction the tenants of Vision Zee tenants of Vision Z g the number of fatal and serioug the number of fatal an der the jurisdiction of the City tder the jurisdiction of th o rage all ge all City Departments, leaDepartments, lea ourage and support Vision Zero inand support Vision Zero in administration, and service delivedministration, and 3.3.Direct theD City Manager to:City Manager t i)Develop procprocedures edures Vision Zero and ro a serious injury serious injury input and ininput and in ncouragncourag oo 227 CC 07-09-2024 227 of 376 Resolution No. __________________ Page 4 the current state of the practice for context-sensitive, people-centric designs that are to human scale and recognizes desire lines between people-centric origins and destinations, and assert context-sensitive, people-centric judgement over numerical warrants; and v) Review laws, ordinances, rules, policies, procedures, and regulations for conflictive or contrary language and provide remedy through administrative, collaborative, or legislative action; and vi) Develop and maintain effective partnerships with other agencies, entities, organizations, community groups, and stakeholders to further the goals of and support for Vision Zero; and vii) Establish a Vision Zero Task Force to provide for ongoing evaluation and performance measurements and present to Council on a regular basis a report on the initial and ongoing status of achieving the goal of zero fatal and serious injury crashes by the year 2040. BE IT FURTHER RESOLVED that this Resolution is not a project under the requirements of the California Environmental Quality Act, together with related State CEQA Guidelines (collectively, “CEQA”) because it has no potential for resulting in physical change in the environment. In the event that this Resolution is found to be a project under CEQA, it is subject to the CEQA exemption contained in CEQA Guidelines section 15061(b)(3) because it can be seen with certainty to have no possibility that the action approved may have a significant effect on the environment. CEQA applies only to actions which have the potential for causing a significant effect on the environment. Where it can be seen with certainty that there is no possibility that the activity in question may have a significant effect on the environment, the activity is not subject to CEQA. In this circumstance, the proposed action of adopting a Vision Zero Policy and Action Plan would have no or only a de minimis effect on the environment. The foregoing determination is made by the City Council in its independent judgment.DR A F T d regd reg remedy reme n; and n; and ps with other agencieps with othe and stakeholders to further and stakeholders t ; and ; and to provideto pro for ongoing evaluatiovaluat and present to Council on a regand present to Council on a reg d ongoing status of achieving thegoing status of y crashes by the year 2040. y the yea OLVED D that tha this Resolutionhis Resoluti is nos no ornia Environmental onmental Quality AcQuality Ac es (collectively, “CEQA”) es (collectively, “CEQA becau al change in the environment. In al change in the environm a project under CEQA,a project under it is suit i CEQA Guidelines section 15061EQA Guidelines section 15061 o have no no possibility possibility that the acthat the ac n the environment.the environment. CEQA applie causing a significant effect on thcausing a significant effec ertainty that there is no possibertainty that there is no possi significant effect on the envirosignificant effect on the enviro cumstancecumst, the proposedopo would would have no or ono or o nation is madnation is mad 228 CC 07-09-2024 228 of 376 Resolution No. __________________ Page 5 PASSED AND ADOPTED at a regular meeting of the City Council of the City of Cupertino this 9th day of July, 2024, by the following vote: Members of the City Council AYES: NOES: ABSENT: ABSTAIN: SIGNED: ________ Sheila Mohan, Mayor City of Cupertino ________________________ Date ATTEST: ________ Kirsten Squarcia, City Clerk ________________________ Date DR A F T __________________________ AF DateDatFT RA ________ ________ RAarciarcia, City Clerk, City Clerk ________ RA DatDatRARARA DRRA 229 CC 07-09-2024 229 of 376 BACKGROUND & POLICIES CUPERTINO VISION ZERO ACTION PLAN VIII RELEVANCE For cities seeking funding to improve road safety through the Safe Streets and Roads for All (SS4A) grant program, developing a Vision =HUR$FWLRQ3ODQLVDFULWLFDOÀUVWVWHS7KLVSODQ serves two key purposes. First, it aligns the city’s goals with the SS4A program’s core objective of achieving zero roadway deaths and serious injuries. Second, the Action Plan outlines a comprehensive strategy for achieving these goals, demonstrating to SS4A a clear and well- GHÀQHGSDWKIRUXWLOL]LQJJUDQWIXQGLQJ7KLV not only strengthens a city’s grant application but also ensures resources are targeted towards the most critical safety needs within the community. Establishing a data-driven 9LVLRQ=HUR$FWLRQ3ODQFLWLHVFDQVLJQLÀFDQWO\ increase their chances of securing SS4A grant funding and ultimately creating safer streets for all residents. July 9, 2024 T of se ely cre 230 CC 07-09-2024 230 of 376 BACKGROUND & POLICIES CUPERTINO VISION ZERO ACTION PLAN IX VISION STATEMENT VISION STATEMENT VISION STATEMENT GUIDING PRINCIPLES 1. Safety is our highest priority. Human life is more important than speed, convenience, RU SURSHUW\ :H ZLOO HYDOXDWH WUDGHRරV and make both proactive and reactive en- gineering decisions about street design based on this value. 2. 7UD඼FGHDWKVDQGVHYHUHLQMXULHVDUHDSUH- ventable public health issue. We will treat fatal and severe collisions as preventable and unacceptable incidents that can and must be addressed. 3. People make mistakes. We will design our streets so that mistakes do not result in death or severe injury. We will not vic- tim-blame but seek to understand and re- spond compassionately and objectively. 4. Slower streets are safer streets. Mobility is WKHVDIHDQGH඼FLHQWPRYHPHQWRISHRSOH and goods through a transportation sys- tem. We will design, construct, and operate our streets for slower speeds to eliminate all fatal and severe collisions, and protect our most vulnerable street users. 5. We will create safer transportation options for people to travel. Creating safer and more comfortable transportation options for pedestrians, cyclists, and transit riders can make these modes more attractive and reduce the number of vehicle miles trav- eled and the risk of fatal and serious injury crashes. 6. Street safety must be achieved equitably. This plan emphasizes data-driven engi- QHHULQJ DQG HGXFDWLRQ DFWLRQV ÀUVW VXS- ported by equity and data-driven enforce- PHQWDQGLQDQHරRUWWRFRQGXFWHTXLWDEOH WUD඼FHQIRUFHPHQW 7. Vision Zero will be both reactive to crash data and proactive to crash risk. Crash data reveals where the risk of fatal and serious injury crashes has manifested. A proactive FUDVKULVNDVVHVVPHQWLGHQWLÀHVDQGSULRU- itizes those locations where risk exists but crash experience has yet to materialize. 8. Vision Zero requires a holistic approach to land use and transportation to include pol- icy analysis and changes at the local and regional levels. 9. Cupertino’s response will utilize proven safety countermeasures coupled with in- novative strategies. We will perform an- nual monitoring, reporting, and evaluation through an equity lens. We will communi- cate clearly what resources are necessary to achieve Vision Zero, why street design PRGLÀFDWLRQVDUHSURSRVHGDQGWKHEDVLV for prioritizing competing improvements. INTRODUCTION It is unacceptable for people to be killed or seriously injured while traveling along or across Cupertino’s streets. Through a holistic and proactive approach, the City of Cupertino commits to eliminating all fatal and serious LQMXU\WUD඼FFUDVKHVE\ DR A F T SUH eat as preventable ents that can and istake will design mistakes do not result r severe injury. We me but seek to understa nd compassionately and objecti ower s r str DIHDQGH඼FLHQWPRYH ods through a tra ll design, con r slowe of v of fat ety must be ac plan emphasizes data HULQJ DQG HGXFDWLRQ DFWLRQV ported by equity and data-driven PHQWDQGLQDQ WUD඼FHQIRUF on Zero d proac reveals where t injury crash FUDVK ULVN 8 231 CC 07-09-2024 231 of 376 BACKGROUND & POLICIES CUPERTINO VISION ZERO ACTION PLAN X SAFE SYSTEM APPROACH Reaching zero deaths requires the implementation of a Safe System approach, which was founded on the principles that humans make mistakes and that human bodies have limited ability to tolerate crash impacts. In a Safe System, those mistakes should never lead to death. Applying the Safe System approach involves anticipating human mistakes by designing and managing road infrastructure to keep the risk of a mistake low; and when a mistake leads to a crash, the impact on the human body doesn’t result in a fatality or serious injury. Road design and management should encourage safe speeds and manipulate appropriate crash angles to reduce injury severity. Six principles form the basis of the Safe System approach: • Deaths and serious injuries are unacceptable • Humans make mistakes • Humans are vulnerable • Responsibility is shared • Safety is proactive • Redundancy is crucial &RPPLWWLQJ]HURWUD඼FGHDWKVPHDQVDGGUHVVLQJDOODVSHFWVRIVDIHW\WKURXJKWKHIROORZLQJÀYH Safe System elements that, together, create a holistic approach with layers of protection for road users: SAFE ROAD USERS - The Safe System approach addresses the safety of all road users, including those who walk, bike, drive, ride transit, and travel by other modes. SAFE VEHICLES - Vehicles are designed and regulated to minimize the occurrence and severity of collisions using safety measures that incorporate the latest technology. SAFE SPEEDS - Humans are unlikely to survive high-speed crashes. Reducing speeds can accommodate human injury tolerances in three ways: reducing impact forces, providing additional time for drivers to stop, and improving visibility. SAFE ROADS - Designing to accommodate human mistakes and injury tolerances can greatly reduce the severity of crashes that do occur. Examples include physically separating SHRSOHWUDYHOLQJDWGLරHUHQWVSHHGVSURYLGLQJ GHGLFDWHG WLPHV IRU GLරHUHQW XVHUV WR PRYH through a space, and alerting users to hazards and other road users. POST-CRASH CARE - When a person is injured in a collision, they rely on emergency ÀUVW UHVSRQGHUV WR TXLFNO\ ORFDWH WKHP stabilize their injury, and transport them to medical facilities. Post-crash care also includes IRUHQVLF DQDO\VLV DW WKH FUDVK VLWH WUD඼F incident management, and other activities. It can also include healthcare providers sharing anonymized ER data about crash victims that may not have been reported to law enforcement with local agencies that can help better identify crash trends, audiences for focused community engagement, or social needs like car seats and bicycle helmets. DR A F T re UHVVLQJDOODVSHFWVRIVDIHW a holistic approach w - The Safe S the safety of all r e who walk, bike, drive, other mo HICLES - Vehicles are desV ted to minimize the occurren ity of collisions using safety m orporate the latest tech EDS - Humans peed crashe e hum SH GHG th 232 CC 07-09-2024 232 of 376 BACKGROUND & POLICIES CUPERTINO VISION ZERO ACTION PLAN XI The Safe System approach requires a supporting safety culture that SODFHVVDIHW\ÀUVWDQGIRUHPRVWLQ road system investment decisions. To achieve our zero deaths vision, everyone must accept that fatalities and serious injuries are unacceptable and preventable.1 1 U. S. Department of Transportation – Zero Deaths and Safe System. Retrieved on June 30, 2023 from link: https://highways. dot.gov/safety/zero-deaths ture th IRUHPRVWLQ ment decisions ero deaths vis t accept that fa injuries are un and preventab 233 CC 07-09-2024 233 of 376 CUPERTINO VISION ZERO ACTION PLAN 234 CC 07-09-2024 234 of 376 CITY OF CUPERTINO CUPERTINO VISION ZERO ACTION PLAN 2 Vision Zero is Twofold: A Way of Believing and a Way of Action WHAT IS VISION ZERO? Vision Zero is a heartfelt belief that no one should be killed or seriously injured while traveling along, across, or around our streets and roadways. Thinking of our own family and circle of friends, which of them would we be willing to experience their death or being seriously injured and perhaps forever maimed LQDWUD඼FFUDVK":HZRXOGQRWZDQWDQ\RI them to be seriously injured or killed, thus, for us, the only acceptable value is zero. Recognizing that anyone is someone’s friend or family member, the idea that no one should be seriously injured or killed can, and should, be extended to everyone who travels. Vision Zero is also a strategy to eliminate all IDWDO DQG VHYHUH LQMXU\ WUD඼F FUDVKHV ZKLOH increasing safe, healthy, and equitable mobility for all. We plan, design, operate, and maintain our roadway networks to be as safe as possible for all users regardless of age, ability, identity, or mode of travel. First implemented in Sweden in the 1990s, Vision Zero has proved successful across Europe and is being adopted by many jurisdictions across the United States.Figure 1 shows a map of Vision Zero Communities in the country that have adopted Vision Zero. INTRODUCTION Figure 1: Cities That Have Adopted Vision Zero Source: Vision Zero Network RA F T riend riend e should hould and should, uld, avels.FT raterate XU\ WUD඼FXU\ WUD ealthy, and equitaealthy, n, design, operate, andn, design, op y y networks to be as safe as ponetworks to be as sers regardless of age, ability, idesers regardless of age, ab de of travelde of t . First implemented mented in S the 1990s, Vision Zero has proved the 1990s, Vision Zero has proved across Europe and is being adopcross Europe and jurisdictions across the Uniteddictions acr shows a map of Vision a map Ze the country that have adthe country that ure 1: Cities That Have Adopted Vure 1: Cities That Have Aure 1: Cities That Haveure 1: Cities That Have Adopted ure 1: Cities That Have 235 CC 07-09-2024 235 of 376 BA C K G R O U N D & P O L I C I E S CU P E R T I N O V I S I O N Z E R O A C T I O N P L A N 4 CU P E R T I N O V I S I O N Z E R O A C T I O N P L A N 3 CU P E CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC RT I N TI N T N TTTI N NN TI N TT N TI N TI N TI N TI N N TI N TI N TI N TTI N TI N N TI N TI N TI N N TI N T NNN TT N T NN T N TT NNN TT NNNN TI N TI N NN TT NN V O V I OV O V V OOVOVOV O V O V VOVVV O V V O VOVVVOVV O VOVOV O V VOVVOVV O VVV OO V O V O SI O SSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSS CU P E CCCCCC RT I N TTTTTTTTT O V I SION ZE R ZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZZ O A CTI O N TI O OOIOOO TI O TI O TTIOIIOOOOOIIOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOO PL A PL A AAAA PL A PL A PPPP AAAAAAAA P AAAAAAAAAAANNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNNN 3333333333333 WH Y D O W E N E E D V I S I O N Z E R O ? In 2 0 2 1 , t h e e s t i m a t e d p o p u l a t i o n o f C u p e r t i n o wa s 5 8 , 6 2 2 2 1. O v e r 3 8 , 0 0 0 A m e r i c a n s d i e o n ro a d w a y s i n t h e U . S . e a c h y e a r , e q u i v a l e n t t o 65 % o f C u p e r t i n o ’ s p o p u l a t i o n , n e e d l e s s l y di e e v e r y y e a r w h i l e t r a v e l i n g a l o n g A m e r i c a ’ s st r e e t s . Fi g u r e 2 sh o w s t h e l o c a t i o n s i n t h e C i t y of C u p e r t i n o w h e r e f a t a l i t i e s h a v e o c c u r r e d be t w e e n 2 0 1 2 a n d 2 0 2 1 . 7 p e r c e n t o f t h e co l l i s i o n s i n t h e C i t y r e s u l t e d i n f a t a l a n d s e v e r e in j u r i e s o v e r t h e 1 0 y e a r s t u d y p e r i o d . T h i s i s pa r t i c u l a r l y i m p o r t a n t f o r C u p e r t i n o , w h i c h ra n k e d 2 8 t h o u t o f 1 0 5 c i t i e s i n t h e O T S r a t i n g s fo r B i c y c l e - r e l a t e d f a t a l i t i e s a n d i n j u r y c o l l i s i o n s LQ        K L J K O L J K W L Q J  D  V S H F L À F  D U H D  R I  F R Q F H U Q  fo r c y c l i s t s . A d d i t i o n a l l y , C u p e r t i n o r a n k e d 7 9 t h ou t o f 1 0 5 c i t i e s f o r s p e e d r e l a t e d f a t a l a n d in j u r y c o l l i s i o n s , i n d i c a t i n g a n e e d f o r s t r a t e g i e s to a d d r e s s s p e e d i n g o n C u p e r t i n o ’ s r o a d w a y s . Bu t , w e a s a s o c i e t y h a v e b e c o m e a c c u s t o m e d WR  W K L V  W U D J H G \   : H  F R Q V L G H U  W K H V H  K R U U L À F  H Y H Q W V  WR  E H  L Q H Y L W D E O H  V L G H  H ර H F W V  R I  R X U  P R G H U Q  O L I H   :H  F D O O  W K H P  ´ D F F L G H Q W V µ   Z K L F K  L V  G H À Q H G  D V  ´ D Q  un f o r t u n a t e i n c i d e n t t h a t h a p p e n s u n e x p e c t e d l y an d u n i n t e n t i o n a l l y , t y p i c a l l y r e s u l t i n g i n d a m a g e or i n j u r y ” o r , “ a n e v e n t t h a t h a p p e n s b y c h a n c e or t h a t i s w i t h o u t a p p a r e n t o r d e l i b e r a t e c a u s e . ” Th e t e r m a l s o i m p l i e s t h a t n o o n e i s a t f a u l t o r i s to b l a m e , b u t i n f a c t , t h e e v e n t m a y h a v e b e e n ca u s e d b y u n r e c o g n i z e d o r u n a d d r e s s e d r i s k s . 2 U S C e n s u s Q u i c k F a c t s – C u p e r t i n o c i t y , C a l i f o r n i a . Re t r i e v e d o n J u n e 3 0 , 2 0 2 3 f r o m l i n k : ht t p s : / / w w w . c e n s u s . g o v / qu i c k f a c t s / f a c t / t a b l e / c u p e r ti n o c i t y c a l i f o r n i a / P S T 0 4 5 2 2 1 7% o f a l l i n j u r y c o l l i s i o n s in t h e C i t y o f C u p e r t i n o a r e Fa t a l a n d S e v e r e i n j u r i e s . Fi g u r e 2 : M a p o f F a t a l C o l l i s i o n s i n C u p e r t i n o ( 2 0 1 2 t o 2 0 2 1 ) “ “ 236 CC 07-09-2024 236 of 376 BACKGROUND & POLICIES CUPERTINO VISION ZERO ACTION PLAN 5 The more appropriate term is “crash” or “collision”, which is the physical and violent interaction between an object moving at speed and another object, whether moving or stationary. It is an event of the laws of physics, and the human body is not designed to withstand the forces of crashes. We have very good data from emergency rooms UHJDUGLQJWKHWUDXPDWKDWFUDVKYLFWLPVVXරHU and the likelihood of a person surviving the crash given the speed of the collision.Figure 3 shows a speed-versus-probability chart for fatal crashes, sourced from FHWA and adapted from a graphic created by the Australian Roads DQG7UD඼F$XWKRULW\RI1HZ6RXWK:DOHV. Figure 3: Chart of Speed vs. Probability of the Crash Being Fatal 6RXUFH)+:$$GDSWHGIURPDJUDSKLFFUHDWHGE\WKH$XVWUDOLDQ5RDGVDQG7UD૾F$XWKRULW\ of New South Wales.) 7KHVLJQLÀFDQWORVVRIOLIHH[DFWVDWUDJLFWROO extending beyond personal loss to deep community impacts, including personal economic costs and emotional trauma to those VXරHULQJDQGVLJQLÀFDQWWD[SD\HUVSHQGLQJRQ emergency response and long-term healthcare costs. Because so many fear for their safety on our streets, there is no true freedom of mobility, and, as a result, we compromise our public health with increasing rates of sedentary diseases and higher carbon emissions. DR A F T D robability of the Crash Being Faof the Cof the Cfthe C 6RXUFH)+:$$GDSWHGIU$GD$GD of New South Wales.)Wales 237 CC 07-09-2024 237 of 376 BACKGROUND & POLICIES CUPERTINO VISION ZERO ACTION PLAN 6 In recent years, there has been a growing UHFRJQLWLRQ WKDW WUD඼F IDWDOLWLHV DQG VHYHUH injuries are not just accidents, but preventable incidents. The occurrence of one crash HYHU\WKUHHGD\VLQ&XSHUWLQRLVDVLJQLÀFDQW concern for the safety of all roadway users, with vulnerable users such as pedestrians and cyclists representing 60 percent of the fatal and severe injury crashes (also known as “KSI” — killed or severely injured). 'HVSLWHWKHSUHVHQFHRIWUD඼FVLJQDOVWKHULVN of fatal or serious injury crashes at intersections LVVLJQLÀFDQWO\KLJKHUXQGHUVFRULQJWKHQHHG for a comprehensive strategy to address safety issues. Furthermore, while the total number of crashes in Cupertino is decreasing, the number of fatal and severe injury crashes remains steady, as seen in Figure 4, making it crucial to implement a Vision Zero plan to reduce the risk of such crashes. This approach will prioritize the safety of all roadway users by creating safe and livable streets, improving infrastructure, reducing speed limits, increasing public education and DZDUHQHVV DQG EHWWHU HQIRUFLQJ WUD඼F ODZV By adopting a Vision Zero Policy, Cupertino can create safer streets for everyone, reducing preventable incidents that cause unacceptable fatalities and injuries. Figure 4: KSI Collisions by Year Year AF T rastrast ng publicng pu HWWHU HQIRUFLQJHWWHU H Vision Zero Policy, Vision Zer afer streets for everyone, refer streets for ev ble incidents that cause unacceptble incidents that cause es and injurieses and . Collisions by Yearns by Year 238 CC 07-09-2024 238 of 376 BACKGROUND & POLICIES CUPERTINO VISION ZERO ACTION PLAN 7 Figure 5 and Figure 6 show that pedestrian and cyclist collisions account for about 60 percent of all fatal and serious injury crashes. While crashes involving vulnerable roadway users hold the strong majority, those in motor vehicles are victims as well. Even a crash between a cyclist and pedestrian can result in a fatality or severe injury. The human body is not designed to withstand the forces of any crash, IXUWKHUD඼UPLQJWKHQHHGIRULPSURYHGURDG safety. Between 2012 and 2021 there were nine fatalities and 74 severe injuries reported in Cupertino. Figure 5: Most Vulnerable Travelers Figure 6: Percentage of Collisions by Mode *The occurrence of one KSI collision which involved a pedestrian and a bicyclist, was included in the vehicle-pedestrian and vehicle-bicyclist categories as it ÀWVLQWRERWK1RWHLQ)LJXUHWKDWWKHQXPEHURIELF\FOHDQGSHGHVWULDQFROOLVLRQVLV  DQG  UHVSHFWLYHO\ZKLOHLQ)LJXUHWKHQXPEHU RIELF\FOHDQGSHGHVWULDQFROOLVLRQVLVDQGUHVSHFWLYHO\ 7KHRFFXUUHQFHRIFROOLVLRQVZKLFKLQYROYHGDELF\FOLVWDQGDSHGHVWULDQZDVLQFOXGHGLQWKHYHKLFOHELF\FOLVWDQGYHKLFOHSHGHVWULDQFDWHJRULHVDVLWÀWV LQWRERWK1RWHLQ)LJXUHWKDWWKHQXPEHURIDOOELF\FOHDQGSHGHVWULDQFROOLVLRQVLVDQGUHVSHFWLYHO\ *** ** ** * * RA DRA F T a not not y crash, crash, RYHGURDGURDGAF gure 6: Percentage of Collisions bygure 6: Percentage of Collisions by 239 CC 07-09-2024 239 of 376 BACKGROUND & POLICIES CUPERTINO VISION ZERO ACTION PLAN 8 2. Vision Zero is a multidisciplinary approach, bringing together diverse and necessary stakeholders to address this complex problem. In the past, meaningful, cross-disciplinary FROODERUDWLRQDPRQJORFDOWUD඼FSODQQHUVDQGHQJLQHHUVSROLF\PDNHUVDQGSXEOLFKHDOWK professionals has not been the norm. Vision Zero acknowledges that many factors contribute to safe mobility — including roadway design, speeds, behaviors, technology, and policies — and sets clear goals to achieve the shared goal of zero fatalities and severe injuries. 9LVLRQ=HURLVDVLJQLÀFDQWGHSDUWXUHIURPWKHVWDWXVTXRLQWZRPDMRUZD\V 1. Vision Zero recognizes that people will sometimes make mistakes, so the road system and related policies should be designed to ensure those inevitable mistakes do not result in severe injuries or fatalities. This means that system designers and policymakers are expected to improve the roadway environment, policies (such as speed management), and other related systems to lessen the severity of crashes. A NEW VISION FOR SAFETY DR A F T ary approach, bringing approach, bringi togetheogeth complex problemprob. In the past, mIn the past, m WUD඼FSODQQHUVDQGHQJLQHHUVSWUD඼FSODQQHUVDQGHQJLQHHUVS een the normeen the norm. Vision Zero acknowln Zero ncluding roadway design, speeds, ncluding roadway design, sp als to achieve the shared goal of zeals to achieve the shared goal of 240 CC 07-09-2024 240 of 376 BACKGROUND & POLICIES CUPERTINO VISION ZERO ACTION PLAN 9 PLANS AND POLICIES CITY OF CUPERTINO’S LOCAL ROADWAY SAFETY PLAN (LRSP)(2023) Cupertino’s Local Roadway Safety Plan /563  LGHQWLÀHV transportation safety improvement needs throughout the City for all modes of transportation and for all ages with the goal of reducing fatal and severe injury collisions. The LRSP, funded by the Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) and Caltrans, was achieved through a decision-making process that relied on a data-driven collision analysis of local roadways, partnership with stakeholders, and public outreach. Goals of the LRSP: 1. Identify and analyze road safety issues systemically and recommend improvements. 2. Improve pedestrian and bicyclist safety WKURXJKSURYHQHරHFWLYHFRXQWHUPHDVXUHV 3. Coordinate with stakeholders to implement road safety improvements and improve emergency response in Cupertino. 4. Continually seek funding for safety improvements. 5. Ensure fair and equitable implementation of all safety improvements for all residents of Cupertino. The Cupertino Vision Zero Action Plan is a high-level document focused on broad strategies and impactful actions to eliminate major crashes. It builds upon the City’s H[LVWLQJ VWUHHW VDIHW\ HරRUWV ZKLFK DUH supported by detailed transportation plans, design guidelines, and area plans. These comprehensive resources complement county and state safety initiatives, such as the Santa Clara County Valley Transportation Plan 2040, and the City’s Safe Routes to School Program. 6SHFLÀFUHFRPPHQGDWLRQVDQGSULRULW\SURMHFWV are outlined in detailed plans including the Local Road Safety Plan, Climate Action Plan 2.0, City of Cupertino Transportation Study Guidelines, Park and Recreation System Master Plan, Pedestrian Transportation Plan, Bicycle Transportation Plan, and the Safe Routes to School Program. The City will continue to develop and update these and future plans with a focus on safety and Vision Zero principles. The various plans and policies are listed below: perper RoadwayRoadw /563  /5 transportation trans improvement mprove out the City for all modesout the City for al portation and for all ages with thportation and for all ages wit reducing fatal and severe injury reducing fatal and severe injury The LRSP, funded by the Fedehe LRSP, funded Administration (FHWA) and ministration achieved through a decisioed thro that relied on a data-driv on a d local roadways, partnlocal roadways, par and public outreacnd public outreac Goals of the LGoals of the L 11. Ident is udy Master Master n, Bicycle cycle e Routes to to ll continue to to d future plans with d future plans with ision Zero principlesision Zero prin . policies are listed below: policies are listed 241 CC 07-09-2024 241 of 376 BACKGROUND & POLICIES CUPERTINO VISION ZERO ACTION PLAN 10 CITY OF CUPERTINO’S CLIMATE ACTION PLAN 2.0 (2022) Cupertino envisions a future with cleaner air, resilient and renewable energy sources, livable communities, an equitable distribution of resources, and opportunities to build and maintain resilient homes and businesses. Climate change poses a challenge to that vision DQG WKHHරHFWV RI FOLPDWH FKDQJH DUH already impacting California communities on the local level. This plan recognizes that transportation alone contributes more CO2e per capita than the sectors of solid waste, wastewater, commercial/industrial, and UHVLGHQWLDO FRPELQHG 6SHFLÀF JRDOV RI WKH Climate Action Plan 2.0 that can be leveraged and supported by a Vision Zero Action Plan include: 1. Develop and implement an Active Transportation Plan to achieve 15% of active transportation mode share by 2030 and 23% by 2040 2. Implement public and shared transit programs to achieve 29% of public transit mode share by 2030 and maintain through 2040 3. Increase zero-emission vehicle (ZEV) adoption to 35% for passenger vehicles and 20% for commercial vehicles by 2030 and 100% for all vehicles by 2040 4. Re-focus transportation infrastructure away from single occupancy gasoline vehicles to support the bicycle/pedestrian cycling and walking, public transit, and ZEV goals stated above. CITY OF CUPERTINO BOLLINGER ROAD CORRIDOR SAFETY STUDY (2021) Bollinger Road is a two- mile long east-west major collector street that connects Lawrence Expressway and De Anza Boulevard, two major north-south arterials. The road lies along the border of Cupertino and San Jose, with Cupertino to the north and San Jose to the south. The road traverses through a residential neighborhood, which is home to four nearby elementary schools, Hyde Middle School, and Cupertino High School. The City of Cupertino commissioned the Bollinger Road Corridor Safety Study (“Study”) to identify improvements to create a safer and more accessible corridor for pedestrians, bicyclists, transit riders, and motorists. As part of the Study, an analysis of existing conditions and a summary of past collisions along the corridor was conducted. This was followed by an online public survey that gathered public LQSXWRQORFDWLRQVSHFLÀFLPSURYHPHQWQHHGV along the corridor. The feedback from the community was evaluated and used to create two conceptual corridor alternatives. These proposed alternatives were then presented to the community in a neighborhood meeting. Feedback was collected during the meeting as well as through a summarized online survey. 7KH HරRUWV SHUIRUPHG IRU WKH VWXG\ DUH summarized in this report.DR A F T e, and and RI WKHWKH leveraged ed o Action Plan plement an Active plement an A Plan to an to achieve 15% of e 15% portation mode share by ion mode share by 23% by 2040% by 2040 ment public and shared transment public and shared ograms to achieve 29% ograms to achieve 2 of puof p ransit mode share by 2030 and mansit mode share by 2030 and m ugh 2040ugh 20 zero-emission zero-emission 35% for 35% for mmemme FT t t ExpresswExpres jor north-southjor nor the border the borde of Cupe th Cupertino to the north ah Cupertino to t he southhe so . The road traverses throad trav dential neighborhooddential, which is howhich ur nearby elementary schools, Hydur nearby elementary schools, Hyd School, and Cupertino High Schoochool, and Cuperti The City of Cupertino City of co Bollinger Road Corridor Sr Road to identify improvemto identify impro and more accessibland more accessib bicyclists, transit icyclists, transi of the Study, of the Study, and a suma corridoco an oan LQLQ 242 CC 07-09-2024 242 of 376 BACKGROUND & POLICIES CUPERTINO VISION ZERO ACTION PLAN 11 CITY OF CUPERTINO 2020 PARKS AND RECREATION SYSTEM MASTER PLAN (2020) The Parks and Recreation System Master Plan (Master Plan) integrates the City’s long-term vision and aspirations into a cohesive strategy to guide the future development, renovation, management, and programming of city parks and recreation facilities. The Master Plan will provide direction for the City and Parks and Recreation Department as it improves and enhances parks and recreation through the year 2040. 7KHFRPPXQLW\LGHQWLÀHGSULPDU\WKHPHV to address through new policies and projects. These include improving park and facility access and trail connectivity, as well as integrating nature, the arts, and extraordinary play opportunities. Residents want a greater variety of recreation options, plus welcoming customer-friendly parks, and services that UHÁHFW WKH FRPPXQLW\·V GLYHUVH FXOWXUH DQG unique characteristics. Empowering youth and teens, supporting social gatherings, and collaborating with partners and stakeholders round out the priorities noted through community feedback. From this community input, the Master Plan’s vision, mission, DQGJRDOVZHUHGHÀQHGWRJXLGHWKH&LW\LQ enhancing recreation opportunities for all Cupertino residents. CITY OF CUPERTINO TRANSPORTATION STUDY GUIDELINES (2021) The Transportation Study Guidelines provide a clear and consistent technical approach for evaluating the transportation HරHFWV DGYHUVH RU EHQHÀFLDO  RI SURMHFWV RQ the City’s transportation system and services. A transportation study provides essential information for decision-makers and the public when evaluating individual development projects, small- and large-scale area plans, and transportation infrastructure projects. The Mobility Element of the Cupertino General Plan seeks to “implement strategies that make alternative modes of transportation attractive choices, help reduce the strain on the automobile network, and improve health and quality of life for Cupertino residents and businesses.” The Transportation Study Guidelines support this goal by evaluating new projects against the policies of the General Plan and other relevant documents. In addition, WKHVH *XLGHOLQHV IXOÀOO *RDO 0 RI WKH Cupertino General Plan, which requires that the City “review and update Transportation Impact Analysis (TIA) policies and guidelines that allow for adequate consideration for all modes of transportation including automobiles, walking bicycles, and transit.”DR A F T vision avision trategy to guidtrategy renovation, managemrenovation, ng of city parks and recrg of city parks The Master Plan The Master Plan will pro ion for the City and Parks and Recrion for the City and Parks and partment as it improves and enhanpartment as it improves and enhan and recreation through the year 2nd recreation thro 7KHFRPPXQLW\LGHQWLÀHGFRPPXQLW to address through new pess thro These include improThese include im access and trail access and trail integrating natuntegrating nat play opportuplay opportu variety of v customcu UHÁHUHÁ al that that ortation tation e strain on on mprove health lth pertino residents pertino residents ansportation ansportation Study goal by evaluating new goal by evaluatin policies of the General Plan olicies of the General Plan nt documentsocuments.. In addition, In addition, QHVIXOÀOO *RDO 0 RI WKH*RDO 0 General Plan, which requires that thGeneral Plan, which requi view and update Transportation Imview and update Transportation ysis (TIA) policies and guidelines thysis (TIA) policies and guidelines th equate consideration for allequate consideration fo ation including automoation including autom transittransit.” 243 CC 07-09-2024 243 of 376 BACKGROUND & POLICIES CUPERTINO VISION ZERO ACTION PLAN 12 CITY OF CUPERTINO PEDESTRIAN TRANSPORTATION PLAN (2018) The City of Cupertino is undertaking several ambitious initiatives to improve pedestrian and bicycling conditions throughout the city. This Pedestrian Transportation Plan is the blueprint for Cupertino to achieve its vision of an inviting, safe, and connected pedestrian network that enhances the quality of life for all community members and visitors. The purpose of this Pedestrian Transportation Plan is to establish a guiding framework for the development and maintenance of pedestrian facilities throughout Cupertino and recommend policies, programs, and messaging to support and promote walking. The Pedestrian Transportation Plan builds upon the City’s comprehensive strategies to create a connected, multimodal transportation network, and enhance quality of life throughout Cupertino. For example, the Cupertino Bicycle Transportation Plan (adopted in 2016) envisions a citywide multimodal bicycle network, and this document complements the proposed bicycle network to create comprehensive active transportation options of safe routes for pedestrians and bicyclists. CITY OF CUPERTINO 2016 BICYCLE TRANSPORTATION PLAN (2016) Riding a bicycle LV DJUHDW ZD\ WR VWD\ ÀW DQG UHGXFH DLU pollution, DQG WUD඼F FRQJHVWLRQ 7KH &LW\ of Cupertino, through the implementation of projects recommended in the Cupertino Bicycle Transportation Plan, is working toward establishing a comprehensive network of bicycle facilities throughout the City to encourage cycling by providing safe and convenient routes for doing so. The Plan is a long-range planning document designed to encourage bicycling as a safe, practical, and healthy alternative to the motor vehicle. It addresses present and future needs of the bicycling community, lays the groundwork for grant funding eligibility for bicycle projects, and is in close alignment with the goals set by the Cupertino Bicycle Pedestrian Commission WRVLJQLÀFDQWO\LQFUHDVHWKHDWWUDFWLYHQHVVDQG safety of bicycling throughout the City, with a particular focus on safe connectivity to schools. DR A F T out rams, rams, promote mote on Plan builds on Plan builds ensive strategies to ensive strateg timodal transportation timodal transpo e quality of life throughout e quality of life throughou ample, the Cupertino e, the Cupertino Bicycle Bicycle Plan (adopted in 2016) envisions an (adopted in 201 multimodal bicycle network, anmultimodal bicycle net cument complements the propocument complements the pr e network to create compree network to create compre transportation options of safetransportation options o ns and bicyclistsns and . FRQFRQ gh the gh th mmended in thmmend ortation Plan, is workinortation Plan a comprehensive netwoa comprehens facilities throughout the Cityfacilities throughout urage cycling by providing safurage cycling by providing nvenient routes for doing sonvenient routes for doing so. Th Th a long-range planning documelong-range plan to encourage bicycling as aencourage b and healthy alternative to althy a It addresses present anIt addresses pres bicycling communitybicycling communit grant funding eliant funding eli and is in close and is in close the Cupertith WRVLJQLÀWR safetysaf papa 244 CC 07-09-2024 244 of 376 BACKGROUND & POLICIES CUPERTINO VISION ZERO ACTION PLAN 13 VTP 2040: THE LONG-RANGE TRANSPORTATION PLAN FOR SANTA CLARA COUNTY The Valley Transportation Plan 2040 (VTP 2040) provides a long- range vision for the transportation system in Santa Clara County. 973  LGHQWLÀHV SURJUDPV SURMHFWV DQG policies that Santa Clara Valley Transportation Authority’s (VTA) Board of Directors is going to pursue over the lifetime of the plan. It connects projects and programs with anticipated funds and provides a framework for the development and maintenance of transportation over the next 25 years. It considers all travel modes and addresses the links between transportation, land use, air quality, energy use, and community livability. VTA, as the Congestion Management Agency for Santa Clara County, is responsible for preparing and updating the VTP on a four- year cycle coinciding with the update of the Bay Area’s Regional Transportation Plan. The 2040 update to the Regional Transportation Plan, called the Plan Bay Area, produced by the Metropolitan Transportation Commission (MTC), guides transportation funding and helps to inform planning throughout the nine- county Bay Area through the year 2040. CITY OF CUPERTINO GENERAL PLAN 2040 CHAPTER 5: MOBILITY ELEMENT (2015) Cupertino’s transportation system is multi-faceted. It integrates walkways, sidewalks, bicycle routes, bus transit facilities, local streets, major roadways, and freeways into a single, integrated system that supports the city’s high quality of life. At the local level, this includes facilities that connect neighborhoods with pedestrian, bicycle, and automobile routes. Longer distance connections include links to major boulevards, expressways, commuter rail, and the regional freeway system. This Element includes goals, policies, and strategies that the City will use in making decisions regarding transportation network improvements needed to accommodate Cupertino’s anticipated growth. The purpose of this Element is to implement strategies that make alternative modes of transportation attractive choices. This will help reduce strain on the automobile network and improve health and quality of life for Cupertino residents and businesses. DR A F T videvide ange vange tem in Santa Ctem in QWLÀHV SURJUDPV SURMQWLÀHV SURJ Santa Clara Valley TranspoSanta Clara Valle y’s (VTA) Board of Directors is goiny’s (VTA) Board of Direct e over the lifetime of the plane over the lifetime of the plan.. It co ojects and ojects a programs with anticipaograms with anticipa and provides a framework for the dnd provides a fram and maintenance of transpormaintenanc next 25 years5 years. It considers a addresses the links bethe l land use, air quality, enland use, air quality, livabilityvability.. VTA, as the CVTA, as the C for Santa f preparipr yearyea BB and and making aking n network work accommodate ate wthth.. The purpose The purpose mplement strategies mplement stra modes of transportation modes of transpo his will help reduce strain his will help reduce strai e network work and improve health and improve health life for Cupertino residents and fe for Cupertino re 245 CC 07-09-2024 245 of 376 BACKGROUND & POLICIES CUPERTINO VISION ZERO ACTION PLAN 14 CUPERTINO SAFE ROUTES TO SCHOOL PROGRAM Cupertino Safe Routes to School (SRTS) is a partnership between local schools, school districts, parent organizations, community groups, and WKH 6DQWD &ODUD &RXQW\ 6KHULර·V 2඼FH ZLWK the mission of creating a safer environment for students and families in Cupertino to travel to and from school safely and reducing single occupancy vehicle travel to and from school to reduce carbon emission. In pursuit of these goals, the City is actively working toward expanding beyond the traditional infrastructure and enforcement approach WR WUD඼F VDIHW\ E\ LQFRUSRUDWLQJ HGXFDWLRQ encouragement, engagement, evaluation, and equity into the program. This unique approach KDV OHG WR WKH FUHDWLRQ RI DQ HරHFWLYH DQG powerful Cupertino SRTS program. CITY OF CUPERTINO SCHOOL WALK AUDIT REPORT (2016/17) In 2016/17, Cupertino SRTS worked with each public school in Cupertino to develop a list of infrastructure improvements that would make walking and biking safer, and the student GURSRර DQG SLFNXS RSHUDWLRQV VPRRWKHU 7KLV HරRUW ZKLFK IRFXVHG RQ WKH SXEOLF roadway network within a few blocks of the schools, culminated in 14 Walk Audit Reports, RQHVSHFLÀFIRUHDFKSXEOLFVFKRROLQWKH&LW\ In 2019/20, Cupertino SRTS worked with each school to update the reports, which together contribute towards the SRTS program goals of enhancing safety, reducing congestion, and encouraging active transportation to and from Cupertino’s public schools. CUPERTINO COMPLETE STREETS POLICY City of Cupertino’s Complete Street Policy furthers the City’s goals of meeting the safety, access, and mobility needs of all users, including pedestrians, bicyclists, motorists, public transportation users, and people with disabilities. This policy aims to create an integrated transportation network that promotes safe and convenient travel for all. The policy acknowledges the public health DQGZHOIDUHEHQHÀWVRIUHGXFLQJYHKLFOHPLOHV traveled and increasing transportation by walking, bicycling, and public transit. It aligns with the California Complete Streets Act of 2008 (AB 1358) and related directives, which mandate that cities incorporate the mobility needs of all roadway users into their general planning processes. Furthermore, the policy supports the goals of the California Global Warming Solutions Act of 2006 (AB 32) and the Sustainable Communities and Climate Protection Act of 2008 (SB 375), which require VLJQLÀFDQWLQFUHDVHVLQSXEOLFWUDQVLWELF\FOLQJ and walking to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. Numerous California jurisdictions have adopted similar policies to enhance their communities’ health, safety, economic vitality, and environmental sustainability. By adopting this resolution, Cupertino also ensures its eligibility for regional funding programs, such as the One Bay Area Grant (OBAG) and 2016 Measure B, which require adherence to Complete Streets principles. The policy is consistent with Cupertino’s 2015 Mobility Element update of the General Plan, emphasizing multimodal transportation and infrastructure development. DR A F T ach FDWLRQDWLRQ tion, and , and ue approach ach HරHFWLYH DQGQG ogramogram.. CITY OFCITY CUPERTINO PER SCHOOL WALK SCHOOL WALK AUDIT REPORT AUDIT REPORT (2016/17016/17)) In 2016/17, CupertinIn 2016/17, SRTS worked with SRTS worked w c school in Cupertino to developc school in Cupertino to develop ructure improvements that wructure improvements t and biking safer, andand biking safer, a G SLFNXS RSHUG SLFNXS RSHU KLFK IRFXVKLFK IRFXV withwith FT ss, ss, g pedestg ped transportationtrans isabilitiesisabilities.. This policy T ntegrated transportation ntegrated transpo motes safe and convenient travemotes safe and conven e policy acknowledges e polic the public the pu GZHOIDUHEHQHÀWVRIUHGXFLQJYHKGZHOIDUHEHQHÀWVRIUHGXFLQJYHK traveled and increasing transpraveled and incr walking, bicycling, and public king, bicyclin with the California Complhe Cal 2008 (AB 1358) and 1358) rel mandate that cities mandate that citie needs of all roadweeds of all roadw planning proceplanning proce supports thsu WarmingW the Sthe ProPro 246 CC 07-09-2024 246 of 376 BACKGROUND & POLICIES CUPERTINO VISION ZERO ACTION PLAN 15 ALIGNING EXISTING IMPROVEMENTS WITH VISION ZERO Capital Improvement Program (CIP) roadway and intersection projects should be planned and designed with Vision Zero in mind. Traditionally, roadway design has been based on the tenets of highway design developed in the 1950s and 1960s, which focused on moving cars at highway speeds. While important for rural and interstate highways, this approach does not align with urban and suburban streets in multimodal contexts. Traditionally, a “design speed” is chosen that is higher than the anticipated speed limit to create a “factor of safety” for the motorist. What results in practice is the measured vehicular operating speed, typically expressed as the 85th percentile speed, is higher than the posted speed limit. Furthermore, the operating speed exceeds what the community deems appropriate for the given context, which is referred to as the “desired operating speed”. This situation creates a perception of the street or intersection as unsafe, particularly for vulnerable users inclusive of individuals with disabilities. These speeds also create higher risks of fatal and severe injury crashes, violating the tenants of Vision Zero. Instead, our streets should be designed to result in travel at the “optimized safe and context-sensitive operating speed for all users.” Lower operating speeds should align with the expectation of the community, as determined through engagement and acknowledgment of the context. Adequate design and appropriate speed limits that produce optimized safe and context-sensitive operating speed for all users supports Vision Zero, better meets community expectations, and allows valuable law enforcement resources to be deployed elsewhere. On the following page, Figure 7 showcases this paradigm shift. Reevaluating speed limits on major streets and safety corridors using AB43 guidelines will improve public safety. This approach allows for FRQWH[WVSHFLÀFVSHHGDGMXVWPHQWVUHGXFLQJ accidents and fostering community livability. Prioritize multimodal safety and quality of service over motor vehicle level of service and on-street parking. Consider providing signal prioritization and perhaps preemption for pedestrians, cyclists, and transit. Focus especially on the needs of people with GLVDELOLWLHV 3ULRULWL]H SURWHFWHG DQG EXරHUHG bike lanes over on-street parking where right- of-way is limited. DR A F T in rating rating percentile entile speed limitmit.. speed exceeds eed exceeds ms appropriate for ms appropriate for is referred to as the is referred to eed”eed”. reates a perception of the s a perception of the section as unsafe, particularly for ection as unsafe, pa users inclusive of individuals witusers inclusive of indiv eses.. These speeds These speeds also create halso create of fatal and severe injury crashes, vof fatal and severe injury crashes, v nants of Vision Zeronants o . urur streets should bstreets should el at the “opel at the “op operatioperati FT atinatin on Zero,on Ze tations, and allotations ent resources to be ent resource On n the following page, the following Fig es this paradigm shiftes this paradigm shift.. valuating speed limits valuating spe on majo majo nd safety corridors using AB43 gund safety corridors using AB43 gu improve public safetyprove public sa . This appr FRQWH[WVSHFLÀFVSHHGDGMXV[WVSHFLÀ accidents and fostering cos and fo Prioritize multimodaPrioritize multimod service over motrvice over mot and and on-streetstreet signal sig prior for pedfo especesp GLVGLV 247 CC 07-09-2024 247 of 376 BACKGROUND & POLICIES CUPERTINO VISION ZERO ACTION PLAN 16 )LJXUH3UREDELOLW\RI3HGHVWULDQ6XଉHULQJ.6,&RQWUDVWHGZLWK6SHHG KEY POLICY GUIDANCE INCLUDES: • Follow nationally vetted complete streets planning and design guidance documents. • Create safer connections for vulnerable roadway users along, across, and around corridors. Add additional protected crossings based on engineering judgement to support desired lines between logical origins and destinations. Do not rely solely on numerical values of warrants to LQVWDOOVXFKWUD඼FFRQWUROGHYLFHVDVWUD඼F signals, pedestrian hybrid beacons, and other proven safety countermeasures. • Determine the optimized safe and context- sensitive operating speed for all usersv VSHHG WKURXJK HරHFWLYH FRPPXQLW\ engagement before beginning any design HරRUWVWKHQDGRSWWKDWGHVLUHGRSHUDWLQJ speed as the design speed of the project. • Prioritize multimodal safety and quality of service over motor vehicle level of service and on-street parking. Consider providing signal prioritization and perhaps preemption for pedestrians, cyclists, and transit. Focus especially on the needs of people with disabilities. Prioritize protected DQG EXරHUHG ELNH ODQHV RYHU RQVWUHHW parking where right-of-way is limited. • Reevaluate the speed limits on major streets in business and residential areas and other VWUHWFKHVLGHQWLÀHGDV´VDIHW\FRUULGRUVµE\ applying the guidelines outlined in AB43. • Once the project is completed and open WRWUD඼FGHWHUPLQHLIWKHDFWXDORSHUDWLQJ speeds are equivalent to the desired operating speeds. If not, explore possible PRGLÀFDWLRQV DQG UHWURÀWV WR WKH EXLOW environment to lower measured speeds. Do not rely solely on enforcement.DR A F T ete streets eets e documentsnts.. ns for vulnerable ns for vulnerable , across, and around , across, and a additional protected additional pro d on on engineering judgement engineering judgement desired lines between logical lines between logical and destinationsand destinations.. Do not D rely on numerical values of warrantson numerical values of wa WDOOVXFKWUD඼FFRQWUROGHYLFHVDVWDOOVXFKWUD඼FFRQWUROGHYLFHVD gnals, pedestrian hybrid beacgnals, pedestrian hybrid beac er proven safety countermeer proven safety counte ne the optimized ne the optimized perating spperating sp JKJK preemption forpreemption for transittransit.. Focu Focu people wii DQG E par •• 248 CC 07-09-2024 248 of 376 BACKGROUND & POLICIES CUPERTINO VISION ZERO ACTION PLAN 17 BUILDING BLOCKS OF VISION ZERO The Cupertino Vision Zero Action Plan builds XSRQH[LVWLQJVWUHHWVDIHW\HරRUWVLQWKH&LW\ RI &XSHUWLQR 7KHVH HරRUWV DUH VXSSRUWHG by various transportation plans, design guidelines, and area plans. These resources complement safety initiatives of the County and State, including the Santa Clara County Valley Transportation Plan 2040, and the City’s Safe Routes to School Program. The City of Cupertino recognizes the importance of safe streets for all residents and has implemented various plans and programs WR HQKDQFH WUD඼F VDIHW\ DQG DFFHVVLELOLW\ The Local Roadway Safety Plan (LRSP) analyzed collision data and collaborated with stakeholders to identify and address safety issues systematically, while also seeking funding for improvements. The Bollinger Road Corridor 6DIHW\6WXG\IRFXVHVVSHFLÀFDOO\RQLPSURYLQJ safety and accessibility for pedestrians, bicyclists, transit riders, and motorists along a major collector street. The Pedestrian Transportation Plan and the Bicycle Transportation Plan aim to improve pedestrian and bicycling conditions by creating safe and connected networks, improving safety measures, and enhancing mobility. These plans include goals such as reducing collisions, improving access to community destinations, and increasing awareness and value of active transportation. ,QDGGLWLRQWRWKHVHVSHFLÀFSODQV&XSHUWLQR·V Transportation Study Guidelines and the 2015 General Plan’s Mobility Element promote alternative transportation modes, reduce reliance on automobiles, and prioritize the health and quality of life for residents. The Safe Routes to School (SRTS) program encourages students to walk and bike to school through a comprehensive approach that includes encouragement, education, evaluation, enforcement, and engineering interventions. Overall, these initiatives underscore the need for safe streets for all residents of Cupertino, ensuring fairness, equity, and accessibility, while promoting sustainable transportation options, reducing congestion, and enhancing the overall quality of life in the city. P) with with s safety safety ing funding ding Road Corridor dor DOO\RQLPSURYLQJDOO\RQLPSURYLQJ y for pedestrians, y for pede , and motorists along a , and motorists a ett.. Transportation Plan and the rtation Plan and the nsportation Plan aim to improvesportation Plan aim an and bicycling conditions by creatan and bicycling conditions by nd connected networks, improvingnd connected networks, improving ures, and enhancing mobilitures, and enhancing clude goals such as reduciclude goals such as red access to communaccess to commun awareness a awareness a FT nt, nt, itiatives underscoreitiatives ets for all residents of Cuts for all reside fairness, equity, and accessibfairness, equity, and promoting sustainable transporpromoting sustainable tra ons, reducing ons, reducing congestion, and enand e he overall quality of life in the cityhe overall quality of life in the city 249 CC 07-09-2024 249 of 376 BACKGROUND & POLICIES CUPERTINO VISION ZERO ACTION PLAN 18 Community input is vital to the development and implementation of the Vision Zero Action 3ODQ7KH&LW\OHGDUREXVWHQJDJHPHQWHරRUW to obtain input from community members and stakeholders. The community engagement HරRUWIRUWKH$FWLRQ3ODQDOVRWRRNLQWRDFFRXQW the feedback and community input received by the City during the LRSP process. STAKEHOLDER ENGAGEMENT Project stakeholders included City Department 6WDරIURP 3XEOLF :RUNV DQG &RPPXQLW\ Development, the City’s Public Outreach 5HSUHVHQWDWLYHV 6DQWD &ODUD &RXQW\ 6KHULර·V Department, Santa Clara County Fire Department, Cupertino Union School District, Fremont Union High School District, Walk Bike Cupertino, and the Cupertino Bicycle Pedestrian Commission. These stakeholders attended a virtual stakeholder meeting, which was held on September 28, 2023. Stakeholder concerns were primarily focused on the following themes: •Data-Driven Decision Making: Continuous data collection and analysis, including near- misses detection, are critical for identifying hazards and informing targeted interventions. •Infrastructure and Safety Enhancements: (QVXULQJ LQIUDVWUXFWXUH VDIHW\ ZLWK VSHFLÀF countermeasures such as build-outs, curb extensions, ITS components, and treating trail intersections as regular intersections are essential for protecting all road users. •(૽HFWLYHQHVVDQG(YDOXDWLRQ Establishing clear metrics and methods to measure the HරHFWLYHQHVVRIWKH9LVLRQ=HUR$FWLRQ3ODQ ensures that the implemented strategies achieve their intended outcomes. •Comprehensive Safety Strategies: Incorporating educational and enforcement strategies, along with quick build projects for immediate improvements, complements infrastructure enhancements. •Policy and Planning: Reviewing and updating policies to align with Vision Zero goals ensures that the plan is supported by the latest safety standards and best practices. COMMUNITY MEETINGS This stakeholder outreach was supplemented by two community workshops, held on October 4, 2023, and January 23, 2024. 7KH ÀUVWFRPPXQLW\ ZRUNVKRS LQWURGXFHG the project to the community, as well as FROOHFWHGIHHGEDFNRQWUD඼FVDIHW\FRQFHUQV Community concerns were primarily focused on the following themes: •Pedestrian and Bicyclist Safety: Residents express concerns about the safety of pedestrians and bicyclists, particularly about motor vehicle collisions. •7UD૾F 3ULRULWLHV: Questions were raised DERXW WKHFLW\·V WUD඼F SULRULWLHV ZLWK residents seeking a balance between FRPPXWHUH඼FLHQF\DQGORFDOVDIHW\ •Intersection Safety: The issue of “right on red” at intersections is a notable concern, with suggestions for safer intersection design. •Speed Limits and Infrastructure: Residents advocate for measures to reduce vehicle speeds, such as lowering speed limits and redesigning infrastructure for safety. COMMUNITY ENGAGEMENT DR A F T e trict, trict, t, Walk Walk no Bicycle ycle stakeholders ers r meeting, which r meeting, which , 2023, 2023. were primarily focused were primarily fo hemes:mes: en Decision Making:Making Continuous llection and analysis, including neallection and analysis, inclu es detection, are critical for identies detection, are critical for ide azards and informing targeted intervazards and informing targeted interv astructure and Safety Enhastructure and Safety J LQIUDVWUXFWXUH VDIHJ LQIUDVWUXFWXUH VDI asures such aasures such a S comS com emeeme Planning:Plann Re olicies to align with Volicies to a sures that the plan is suppoures that the pla test safety standards and best practest safety standards and MUNITY MEETINGSMUN his stakeholder outreach was suphis stakeholder outreach was sup by two community workshoy two commu October 4, 2023, and Janber 4, 2 7KH ÀUVWVW FRPPXQLW\ ZRFRP the project to the cthe project to t FROOHFWHGIHHGEDFNFROOHFWHGIHHGEDFN Community concommunity con on the followion the followi ••Pedes ex 250 CC 07-09-2024 250 of 376 BACKGROUND & POLICIES CUPERTINO VISION ZERO ACTION PLAN 19 •Proactive Safety Measures: There is a clear call for proactive measures to enhance road safety and avoid waiting for accidents or fatalities to trigger action. The second community workshop centered on key aspects outlined in the plan, including countermeasures, Vision Zero programs, partnerships, and the data collection plan. Additionally, it presented an overview of the Draft Report, with a public review opportunity announced. Primary community concerns revolved around the following themes: •Enhancing Pedestrian and Bicyclist Safety: Recognizing the heightened vulnerability of pedestrians and bicyclists, there was an emphasis on the imperative prioritization of their safety. •Implementing Pedestrian and Bicyclist Programs: Addressing concerns about visibility during nighttime activities for pedestrians and bicyclists, suggestions were made for a city-wide program, potentially involving the distribution of armbands or the provision of strobe lights for bicyclists. •Clarifying Countermeasure Prioritization: The community sought more explicit information on the city’s leadership approach to reducing collisions. There was a call for greater clarity regarding the VSHFLÀF FRXQWHUPHDVXUHVWKH FLW\ SODQV WR HPSOR\ WR HරHFWLYHO\ PLQLPL]H WKHVH incidents. WEBSITE & INTERACTIVE MAP INPUT PLATFORM The project included a website hosted by the City, which was continuously maintained with project updates. This plan also took into consideration the comments and input received by the City through the interactive map tool platform that was posted to the City’s Engage Cupertino website as part of the LRSP process in 2022. The interactive map was used to solicit input from Cupertino residents and stakeholders RXWVLGHWKHFRQÀQHVRIWUDGLWLRQDOPHHWLQJV Community members and stakeholders shared their observations and concerns regarding locations and situations where collisions are occurring but are not necessarily being reported. They shared their knowledge and experiences of locations where “near-miss” collisions were occurring. They also indicated those locations that did not “feel safe” and that, despite a lack of documented crash data, a heightened risk of collisions existed. In total, 387 comments were received through the interactive map input platform. The most comments received were about Stevens Creek Boulevard and McClellan Road, and the most common concerns involved pedestrian safety and bicycle safety. The results of the interactive map are shown below in Figure 8 and summarized in Figure 9 on the following page. In Figure 8, each dot and line represents the intersection or corridor of concern mapped by a community member. Comments received from the community are attached in Appendix A. DR A F T Bicyclist yclist rns about bout activities for for sts, suggestions sts, suggestions city-wide program, city-wide pro ng the distribution of ng the distribut e provision of strobe lights provision of strobe lights g Countermeasure Prioritization:g Countermeasure Pr community sought more expcommunity sought more ormation on the ormation on the city’s leadcity’s lea pproach to reducing collisionpproach to reducing c a call for greater clarity rea call for greater clarit FRXQWHUPHDVXUHVFRXQWHUPHDVXUHV \ WR HරHFWLYH\ WR HරHFWLYH map tmap City’s EngaCity’s of the LRSP proceof the L ve map was used to solicve map was us ertino ertino residents and stakehonts an WKHFRQÀQHVRIWUDGLWLRQDOPHHWLQWKHFRQÀQHVRIWUDGLWLRQDO mmunity members and stakeholdemmunity members and stakeholde their observations and concernheir observations locations and situations wtions and are occurring but are notcurring reported. They shared They experiences of locaexperiences of loc collisions were ocllisions were oc those locationthose location thatth, despite a heightea In toIn t tt 251 CC 07-09-2024 251 of 376 BACKGROUND & POLICIES CUPERTINO VISION ZERO ACTION PLAN 20 Figure 8: Interactive Map Comment Responses )LJXUH/RFDWLRQVRI7UDଊF6DIHW\&RQFHUQVDV,GHQWLÀHGE\3XEOLF&RPPHQWV RA LRQVRI7UDଊF6DIHW\&RQFHUQVDVLRQVRI7UDଊF6DIHW\&RQFHUQ 252 CC 07-09-2024 252 of 376 CHAPTER 2 - DATA-DRIVEN APPROACH CUPERTINO VISION ZERO ACTION PLAN 253 CC 07-09-2024 253 of 376 CITY OF CUPERTINO CUPERTINO VISION ZERO ACTION PLAN 22 DATA-DRIVEN APPROACH The stories and perceptions shared by others are important to a successful discussion and FRQVLGHUDWLRQ RI 9LVLRQ =HUR :KLOH WUD඼F safety is frequently couched in terms of data analysis, we know that no one wants to be viewed as data, and that no one wants their neighborhood to be viewed as data. However, data does give us a place from which to start an objective conversation about roadway safety in Cupertino. The City of Cupertino analyzed collision data recorded from 2012 to 2022 that was retrieved from their collision database system called CROSSROADS. This information is used to describe historic collision trends and identify high-risk locations within the city. This data acts as a primary resource for the Cupertino Vision Zero Action Plan. Vision Zero is a data-driven strategy intended to eliminate fatalities and severe injuries on all roadways, bikeways and sidewalks. The data driven process includes: 1. Identifying Collision Trends:Ex- amination of collision data to as- sess patterns and trends related to the timing, locations, causes, and parties involved in crashes. 2. Identifying High Injury Corridors: Iden- WLÀFDWLRQRIVSHFLÀFURXWHVZKHUH DVLJQLÀFDQWQXPEHURIIDWDODQGVH- vere injury collisions frequently occur. 3. Identifying High Injury Intersections: ,GHQWLÀFDWLRQRIVSHFLÀFLQWHUVHFWLRQV ZKHUHDVLJQLÀFDQWQXPEHURIIDWDODQG severe injury collisions frequently occur. 4. ,GHQWLI\LQJ&ROOLVLRQ3URÀOHV Integration of various collision fac- tors to recognize the most com- mon types of crashes, and catego- UL]HLQWRQLQHFROOLVLRQSURÀOHV 5. Listing Countermeasure Toolbox: Compilation of successful countermea- sures based on nationwide research and best practice, aligning them with FRUUHVSRQGLQJFROOLVLRQSURÀOHV 6. Identifying Priority Project Locations: The selection of seven corridors with high collision frequency, determined E\FROOLVLRQGHQVLW\DQGFRQÀUPHGE\ input from the local community. AF T imiimi roadwayroadw a driven procesa drive AF T ed uses, , crashescrashes.. igh InjurInjur y Corridors:y Corridors:rr Iden- Iden- IVSHFLÀFURXWHVZKHUHRXWHVZKH FDQWQXPEHURIIDWDODQGVHFDQWQXPEHURIIDWDODQ - injury collisions frequently occurinjury collisions frequently oc tifying High Injurtifying High Injur y Intey Inrr FDWLRQRIVSHFLÀFLQFDWLRQRIVSHFLÀFLQ JQLÀFDQWQXPJQLÀFDQWQXP collisiocollisio 4. ,GHQWLI\LQJ&I\LQJ&ROOLVLR&& Integration of vaIntegration of v tors to recogntors to reco mon typesmon types UL]HLQWR 55 254 CC 07-09-2024 254 of 376 DATA-DRIVEN APPROACH CUPERTINO VISION ZERO ACTION PLAN 23 COLLISION TRENDS By analyzing collision records, the City gained insights into the individuals involved, the factors contributing to the collisions, the timing, locations, and the reasons behind collisions – especially those leading to fatalities or serious injuries. Throughout the Action Plan, Figure 9: Collisions Trends in City of Cupertino (2012 to 2021) On average, a crash occurs every three days in Cupertino. Although pedestrians and bicyclists are involved in just over a third of all crashes, they make up 62 percent (50 collisions) of the crashes resulting in fatalities or severe injuries. This underscores their susceptibility as road users, thus they are referred to as vulnerable roadway users. Intersections pose the greatest risk of a fatal or serious injury crash to vulnerable roadway users, with the majority (88 percent/44 collisions) of fatal and severe injury collisions occurring at intersections. The presence of DWUD඼FVLJQDOGRHVQRWJXDUDQWHHVDIHW\DV more than half (55 percent/24 collisions) of the intersection collisions involving pedestrians and cyclists happen at signalized intersections. $VLJQLÀFDQWSRUWLRQ SHUFHQW RIWKRVHZKR VXරHUIDWDORUVHYHUHLQMXULHVLQVXFKFROOLVLRQV fall within the age range of 24 to 64 years. Furthermore, the majority (56 percent/261 collisions) of pedestrian and bicycle fatalities and severe injuries take place during the late DIWHUQRRQ RU HYHQLQJ VSHFLÀFDOO\ EHWZHHQ  p.m. and 10 p.m. the abbreviation KSI is used to denote collisions resulting in either fatalities (K) or serious injuries (SI).Figure 9 shows the collision trends observed in Cupertino during the period from 2012 to 2021: (2012 to 2021)(2012 to 202 a crash occurs every three days in crash occurs every Although pedestrians Although pedestrians and bicyclisand olved in just over a third of all craolved in just over a third of all c make up 62 percent (50 collisionmake up 62 percent (50 collision s resulting in fatalities or sevs resulting in fatalities o rscores their susceptrscores their susce hey are hey are referredeferred ntersectiontersectio usus 255 CC 07-09-2024 255 of 376 CU P E R T I N O V I S I O N Z E R O A C T I O N P L A N 24 Fi g u r e 1 0 : M a p o f F a t a l i t i e s a n d S e v e r e I n j u r i e s ( 2 0 1 2 - 2 0 2 1 ) RERRRRERERRRRERRRERRRRERRRRRRRERRRRRRRRRRRO A C OOOOOOO OOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOO TI ON P L A N al i al i al i iililiiiiiti e ti e ti e ti e ti e ti e ti e ti e ti e ti ei s a nd ndndndnd Se v SSSSS er e InInInInnju r ju r ju r ju r ju r ie s ie s ie s ie s ie s (2(2(2(2(2 01 212121212 -2 0 -2 0 -2 0 -2 0 -2 0 21 ) 21 ) 21 ) 21 ) 21 FO C U S I N G O N F A T A L I T I E S AN D S E V E R E I N J U R I E S Vi s i o n Z e r o i s a n a p p r o a c h a i m e d a t e r a d i c a t i n g DO O  I D W D O  DQ G  V H Y H U H  L Q M X U \  W U D ඼ F  F U D V K H V  Z K L O H  si m u l t a n e o u s l y p r o m o t i n g s a f e , e q u i t a b l e , an d h e a l t h y m o b i l i t y f o r e v e r y o n e . Fi g u r e 10 il l u s t r a t e s t h e f a t a l i t i e s a n d s e v e r e i n j u r i e s th a t h a v e o c c u r r e d i n t h e C i t y o f C u p e r t i n o be t w e e n 2 0 1 2 a n d 2 0 2 1 . Fi g u r e 1 1 s h o w s t h e fa t a l i t i e s a n d s e v e r e i n j u r i e s t h a t o c c u r r e d i n th e C i t y b y y e a r . B y p r i o r i t i z i n g t h e p r e v e n t i o n of f a t a l a n d s e v e r e i n j u r y c r a s h e s , V i s i o n Z e r o UH F R J Q L ] H V  W K H  V L J Q L À F D Q W  L P S D F W  R I  V X F K  W U D J L F  ev e n t s . I n i t i a t i v e s a n d e n h a n c e m e n t s d i r e c t e d at p r e v e n t i n g t h e s e t y p e s o f c o l l i s i o n s y i e l d su b s t a n t i a l a d v a n t a g e s , a l i g n i n g w i t h t h e C i t y of C u p e r t i n o ’ s p l e d g e t o e l i m i n a t e a l l f a t a l a n d VH U L R X V  L Q M X U \  W U D ඼ F  F U D V K H V  E \        $  G H W D L O H G  co l l i s i o n a n a l y s i s i s a v a i l a b l e i n Ap p e n d i x 1 . Fi g u r e 1 0 : M a p o f F a t a l i t i e s a n d S e v e r e I n j u r i e s ( 2 0 1 2 - 2 0 2 1 ) Fi g u r e 1 1 : F at a l i t i e s a n d S e v e r e I n j u r i e s b y Y e a r 256 CC 07-09-2024 256 of 376 HIGH INJURY NETWORK The City conducted an additional spatial examination of collision data to pinpoint the corridors and intersections with the highest level of fatal and serious injuries for pedestrians, bicyclists, and motorists. This network of high-injury corridors and intersections was determined by selecting those with the highest crash densities and considering the severity of the crashes. Incidents resulting in fatal or life-altering injuries were given greater weight than other injury-related crashes. The analysis encompasses crashes involving all road users. To optimize the allocation of funds for capital LPSURYHPHQW SURMHFWV DQG SULRULWL]H WUD඼F VDIHW\HරRUWVWKH&LW\RI&XSHUWLQRZLOOXWLOL]H WKHLGHQWLÀHGKLJKLQMXU\QHWZRUNRIFRUULGRUV and intersections. This Vision Zero Action Plan incorporates several measures derived from the high injury network analysis. By concentrating on these high-priority streets, the City can H඼FLHQWO\DOORFDWHOLPLWHGUHVRXUFHVVXFKDV IXQGLQJDQGVWDරWLPHZKHUHWKH\FDQKDYH WKH PRVW VLJQLÀFDQW LPSDFW RQ HQKDQFLQJ WUD඼FVDIHW\ DDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDR A F DR A F FAFF DR AA DR AAFAF DRDDRRDR AF DRAFFAF DR FAF DRDR A DR A DR ARA F RA F T AF T DR A F DR A F T AF RA F T AF RA FAF RA F T RAF RA FAF RA F T RARA F T RA F T RA F T AF RA FAF RRA F T DR A F T RA F RA F T FFFT RA F T AF RA F T RA F RA F T AF RA F DR A F T RA F T RA F T DR A F T DR A F T DR A F T RA F T AF RA F T RA F RA F T AF DR A DR A F T RA F T RARA FT RA F F DR A F T RARA F T RA F RA F T AF RA F T RA F RARA F T DR A F T FT DR A F T DR ARARA F T AF RA F T RA F T AF T RA F T ARA F RA F T DR A F T AF T A DR A F T DR A F T AF T RA DR A F RDR A F F RA F T RRRA F DR A F T RARRA F T AF DR A F T FFTFT RA F T AF RA F F RA F FT RA F T AF R F DR A F RA F T RARARAF RA F T RARRA F T AF RA DR A F T DR A F RA F T DR A F T FAF T RA F T F RA F F DR A F T RARA F FTFTFT RA F T RA F T RA F F RA F DR A F T AFAF T AF DR A F T RA F DR A F T RA F RA F RARA F F RA F T F RA F RA F T RA F T FT DR A F T FT AF T RA F T RA F T DDDDDDDDDDDDDDDconducted an addconducted an adonductoaanonductondonductou of collision datof collision datof coll s dadaddddlisof colof colof colocccolcococo rsectiorsectiorrntenterreenn iouiou FFT AFFTFTTTFTTFFTFFTTTFTTTFTFTTFTFTFTTTFTTTFTTTTTTTTTFTFTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTFTTTTTTTTFTFTTFTTTTTFTTTFTTTTTTFTTFT 257 CC 07-09-2024 257 of 376 CO R R I D O R S O F C O N C E R N %H W Z H H Q       D Q G        V H Y H Q  V S H F L À F  ro a d w a y s i n C u p e r t i n o a c c o u n t e d f o r t h e ma j o r i t y ( 7 2 % ) o f s e v e r e i n j u r i e s a n d f a t a l cr a s h e s . T h e s e p a r t i c u l a r c o r r i d o r s w i t n e s s e d a t le a s t t h r e e c r a s h e s p e r b l o c k b e t w e e n 2 0 1 2 a n d 20 2 1 . Fi g u r e 1 2 l i s t s t h e h i g h - i n j u r y c o r r i d o r s of c o n c e r n . T h e r o a d w a y s t h a t h a d t h e h i g h e s t nu m b e r o f a c c i d e n t s i n c l u d e : 1. Ste v e n s C r e e k B o u l e v a r d 2. H o m e s t e a d R o a d 3. M c C l e l l a n R o a d 4. D e A n z a B o u l e v a r d 5. S t e l l i n g R o a d 6. W o l f e R o a d 7. B o l l i n g e r R o a d Fi g u r e 1 2 : C i t y o f C u p e r t i n o - Hi g h I n j u r y N e t w o r k - C or r i d o r s ( 2 0 1 2 - 2 0 2 1 ) 6W H Y H Q V  & U H H N  % O Y G Ci t y o f C u p e r t i n o - H i g h I n j u r y N e t w o r k - C o r r i d o r s ( 2 0 1 2 - 2 0 2 1 ) ]^‰28 0]^‰28 0 ]^‰28 0]^‰28 0 ]^‰28 0]^‰28 0 6785 ST E V E N S C R E E K B L V D HO M E S T E A D R D MC C L E L L A N R D BUBB RD LAWRENCE EXPY BO L L I N G E R R D N WOLFE RD MILLER AVE N TANTAU AVE N STELLING RD S BLANEY AVE DE ANZA BLVD S TANTAU AVE N FOOTHILL BLVD RA I N B O W D R N BLANEY AVE PR U N E R I D G E A V E PR O S P E C T R D FOO T H I L L E X P Y S WOLFE RD BO L L I N G E R R D S DE ANZA BLVD ST E V E N S C R E E K B L V D &R U U L G R U V +L J K  , Q M X U \  1 H W Z R U N 00 .51 0. 2 5 mi . II F H K O S Q U R G C AL B P D E N J T I F H K O S Q U R G C AL B P D E N J T MM A. S t e v e n s C r e e k B l v d . B. H o m e s t e a d R d . C. M c C l e l l a n R d . D. D e A n z a B l v d . E. S t e l l i n g R d . F. W o l f e R d . G. B o l l i n g e r R d . H. B u b b R d . I. G r e e n l e a f D r . J. M a r i a n i A v e . K. B l a n e y A v e . L. ,Q À Q L W H  / S  M. J o h n s o n A v e . N. L o r e e A v e . O. M i l l e r A v e . P. O a k d e l l P l . Q. P e p p e r T r e e L n . R. P e r i m e t e r R d . S. P o r t a l A v e . T. V a l l e y G r e e n D r . U. W h e a t o n D r . Hi g h I n j u r y N e t w o r k - C o r r i d o r s AFAFT RAFARA FAFRA AFRA AAAAFAFTFAFAA DR ARA FAAFAFAAAAAAFAAFAFAFAAAFAAAF RA AAARA AAFRA FTARARA ARA AARA ARA AAR FAAARA A D AFAF F RRRAF FAFFFAFAARA AFAAF DRRA FTAFAAARA AF FAFAARAFAFTRA AF FARA ARARARA FAFRA FFAFAFAFAAFAAF FAAAFAAAFAFAFTAAFTAAAAFAFAFAFRARA FAF FFAFAF FFAFARA A DRA AFARA AFARARADR FFFTFTFTFTFTFTFTFTFTFTFTFTFFTFTFTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTFFFTFFFFTFFFTFFTTTTFTFTFTFTFFTFTFTFFTFTFTFFTFTFTFFTFTTTTTFTTTTFTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTFTFTTTTTTTTTFTFTTFTFTTTFTTTTTFTTTFTTTFTTTTTTTFTTTTTTFTTTTTTTFTFTTT AFAF FFFT ST E V E N S C R E E K B L V D AFEL L A N AF BB RD T LIN TFTFTT AF TTT AF FAF HHHHFAF 258 CC 07-09-2024 258 of 376 IN T E R S E C T I O N S O F C O N C E R N Ou t o f t h e 4 8 i n t e r s e c t i o n s i n C u p e r t i n o w h e r e fa t a l o r i n j u r y c r a s h e s o c c u r r e d b e t w e e n 2 0 1 2 an d 2 0 2 1 , s e v e n o f t h e m w i t n e s s e d t w o o r mo r e c r a s h e s r e s u l t i n g i n s o m e o n e b e i n g k i l l e d or s e r i o u s l y i n j u r e d . Fi g u r e 1 3 sh o w s t h e h i g h - in j u r y i n t e r s e c t i o n s . T h e i n t e r s e c t i o n s t h a t h a d mu l t i p l e K S I c r a s h e s a r e : 1. De A n z a B o u l e v a r d & H o m e s t e a d R oa d 2. B a n d l e y D r i v e & S t e v e n s C r e e k B o u l e v a r d 3. C u p e r t i n o R o a d & S t e v e n s C r e e k B o u l e v a r d 4. S t e v e n s C r e e k B o u l e v a r d & D e A n z a Bo u l e v a r d 5. B l a n e y A v e n u e & S t e v e n s C r e e k B o u l e v a r d 6. D e A n z a B o u l e v a r d & M a r i a n i A v e n u e 7. D e A n z a B o u l e v a r d & R o d r i g u e s A v e n u e Fi g u r e 1 3 : C i t y o f C u p e r t i n o - Hi g h I n j u r y N e t w o r k - I n t e r se c t i o n s ( 2 0 1 2 - 2 0 2 1 ) St e v e n s C r e e k B l v d Ci t y o f C u p e r t i n o - H i g h I n j u r y N e t w o r k - I n t e r s e c t i o n s ( 2 0 1 2 - 2 0 2 1 ) §¨¦28 0§¨¦28 0 §¨¦28 0§¨¦28 0 §¨¦28 0§¨¦28 0 UV85 In t e r s e c t i o n s Hi g h I n j u r y I n t e r s e c t i o n s 0 0 .51 0. 2 5 mi . ST E V E N S C R E E K B L V D HO M E S T E A D R D MC C L E L L A N R D BUBB RD LAWRENCE EXPY BO L L I N G E R R D N WOLFE RD MILLER AVE N TANTAU AVE N STELLING RD S BLANEY AVE DE ANZA BLVD S TANTAU AVE N FOOTHILL BLVD RA I N B O W D R N BLANEY AVE PR U N E R I D G E A V E PR O S P E C T R D FOO T H I L L E X P Y S WOLFE RD BO L L I N G E R R D S DE ANZA BLVD ST E V E N S C R E E K B L V D 1. D e A n z a B l v d . & H o m e s t e a d R d . 2. B a n d l e y D r . & S t e v e n s C r e e k B l v d . 3. C u p e r t i n o R d . & S t e v e n s C r e e k B l v d . 4. S t e v e n s C r e e k B l v d . & D e A n z a B l v d . 5. B l a n e y A v e . & S t e v e n s C r e e k B l v d . 6. D e A n z a B l v d . & M a r i a n i A v e . 7. D e A n z a B l v d . & R o d r i g u e s A v e . 8. H o m e s t e a d R d . & O n t a r i o D r . 9. P e p p e r T r e e L n . & S t e l l i n g R d . 10 . B u b b R d . & P e n i n s u l a A v e . 11 . D e A n z a B l v d . & I - 2 8 0 N B o f f / R . 12 . F a l l e n L e a f L n . & H o m e s t e a d C t . 13 . B o l l i n g e r R d . & M i l l e r A v e . 14 . B o l l i n g e r R d . & W u n d e r l i c h D r . 15 . G r e e n l e a f D r . & S t e l l i n g R d . 16 . M c C l e l l a n R d . & S e p t e m b e r D r . 17 . V i s t a C t . & V i s t a D r . 18 . H o m e s t e a d R d . & Q u a i l A v e . 19 . I - 2 8 0 N B o n / R . & W o l f e R d . 20 . A u b u r n D r . & P o r t a l A v e . 21 . B e a r d o n D r . & V a l l e y G r e e n D r . 22 . B l a n e y A v e . & W h e a t o n D r . 23 . B o l l i n g e r R d . & E s t a t e s D r . 24 . B o n n y D r . & M c C l e l l a n R d . 25 . B u b b R d . & C o l u m b u s A v e . 26 . C a l v e r t D r . & L o r e e A v e . 27 . C h i s h o i m A v e . & M i l f o r d D r . 28 . C l u b h o u s e L n . & M c C l e l l a n R d . 29 . C o r d o v a R d . & S a n t a L u c i a R d . 30 . D e A n z a B l v d . & I n f i n i t e L o o p . 31 . D e A n z a B l v d . & L a z a n e o D r . 32 . F o o t h i l l B l v d . & S a n t a P a u l a A v e . 33 . H a z e l b r o o k D r . & S t e l l i n g R d . 34 . J o h n s o n A v e . & T i l s o n A v e . 35 . L i n d a V i s t a D r . & S a n t a T e r e s a D r . 36 . M i l l e r A v e . & P h i l L n . 37 . P r u n e r i d g e A v e . & T a n t a u A v e . 38 . R a i n b o w D r . & S t e l l i n g R d . 39 . R i v e r s i d e D r . & S t e v e n s C a n y o n R d . 40 . S a i c h W a y . & S t e v e n s C r e e k B l v d . 41 . B l u e J a y D r . & B l u e j a y D r . 42 . D e A n z a B l v d . & M c C l e l l a n R d . 43 . E c h o H i l l C t . & R o b i n d e l l W a y . 44 . H o m e s t e a d R d . & W o l f e R d . 45 . N o r t h W o l f e R d . & I - 2 8 0 N B o f f / R . 46 . I n f i n i t e L p . & M a r i a n i A v e . 47 . S t e v e n s C r e e k B l v d . & W o l f e R d . 48 . S t e v e n s C r e e k B l v d . & S t e l l i n g R d . Hi g h I n j u r y N e t w o r k - I n t e r s e c t i o n s 41 9 8 76 3 5 2 48 4719 46 4544 18 12 43 11 42 10 41 17 40 39 38 37 36 16 35 34 3315 32 31 30 29 28 27 26 25 24 14 13 23 22 21 20 Hi g h I n j u r y N e t w o r k - I n t e r s e c t i o n s 1. D e A n z a B l v d . & H o m e s t e a d R d . 2. B a n d l e y D r . & S t e v e n s C r e e k B l v d . 3. C u p e r t i n o R d . & S t e v e n s C r e e k B l v d . 4. S t e v e n s C r e e k B l v d . & D e A n z a B l v d . 5. B l a n e y A v e . & S t e v e n s C r e e k B l v d . 6. D e A n z a B l v d . & M a r i a n i A v e . 7. D e A n z a B l v d . & R o d r i g u e s A v e . 8. H o m e s t e a d R d . & O n t a r i o D r . 9. P e p p e r T r e e L n . & S t e l l i n g R d . 10 . B u b b R d . & P e n i n s u l a A v e . 11 . 'H  $ Q ] D  % O Y G    ,      1 % R ර  5   12 . F a l l e n L e a f L n . & H o m e s t e a d C t . 13 . B o l l i n g e r R d . & M i l l e r A v e . 14 . B o l l i n g e r R d . & W u n d e r l i c h D r . 15 . G r e e n l e a f D r . & S t e l l i n g R d . 16 . M c C l e l l a n R d . & S e p t e m b e r D r . 17 . V i s t a C t . & V i s t a D r . 18 . H o m e s t e a d R d . & Q u a i l A v e . 19 . I - 2 8 0 N B o n / R . & W o l f e R d . 20 . A u b u r n D r . & P o r t a l A v e . 21 . B e a r d o n D r . & V a l l e y G r e e n D r . 22 . B l a n e y A v e . & W h e a t o n D r . 23 . B o l l i n g e r R d . & E s t a t e s D r . 24 . B o n n y D r . & M c C l e l l a n R d . 25 . B u b b R d . & C o l u m b u s A v e . 26 . C a l v e r t D r . & L o r e e A v e . 27 . C h i s h o i m A v e . & M i l f o r d D r . 28 . C l u b h o u s e L n . & M c C l e l l a n R d . 29 . C o r d o v a R d . & S a n t a L u c i a R d . 30 . 'H  $ Q ] D  % O Y G    , Q À Q L W H  / R R S  31 . D e A n z a B l v d . & L a z a n e o D r . 32 . F o o t h i l l B l v d . & S a n t a P a u l a A v e . 33 . H a z e l b r o o k D r . & S t e l l i n g R d . 34 . J o h n s o n A v e . & T i l s o n A v e . 35 . L i n d a V i s t a D r . & S a n t a T e r e s a Dr . 36 . M i l l e r A v e . & P h i l L n . 37 . P r u n e r i d g e A v e . & T a n t a u A v e . 38 . R a i n b o w D r . & S t e l l i n g R d . 39 . R i v e r s i d e D r . & S t e v e n s C a n y o n Rd . 40 . S a i c h W a y . & S t e v e n s C r e e k B l v d . 41 . B l u e J a y D r . & B l u e j a y D r . 42 . D e A n z a B l v d . & M c C l e l l a n R d . 43 . E c h o H i l l C t . & R o b i n d e l l W a y . 44 . H o m e s t e a d R d . & W o l f e R d . 45 . 1R U W K  : R O I H  5 G    ,      1 % R ර  5  46 . ,Q À Q L W H  / S    0 D U L D Q L  $ Y H  47 . S t e v e n s C r e e k B l v d . & W o l f e R d . 48 . S t e v e n s C r e e k B l v d . & S t e l l i n g Rd . DRDDDDRRDRDRRDDRDRAF RAFT FT RAFT ARAF FFTAFAFTRARAFT AARAFT AFTAFAFTAFARAF AFTAF T AFAFAFTAAFT FAAFRAF F RAF FTFTAFT RA FTAFRAFTRAF AFAFT RAFRAFTRAFT AF FFTFAFAFTAFTAFTAFTRAFTRAF ARAF AF F RAFRAFAFTRAFTRARAFTRARA AFRAF FAFT FAFAF FTAFAFTAFAFTAFRAFTAFAFTRA AFAFTAAFT FTAFTAFAFTRAFTRA AFTAFAF FAFT FARA ARAFTRAFT FT RAFR FTFTFTTFTFTFTFTTFTFTFTFTFTFTFTFTFTTFTTTFTTTFTTTTTTFTTTTTFTFTTTFTTTTFTTTFTFTTTFTTTTFTTTTFTTTTTFTTFTFTFTFTFTTFTTTFTTTTTTTTFFTFTFTFTFTFTFTFTTT RAF FTFT DRADD FT ST E V E N S C R E E K B L V D AFCL E L L A N AF BB RD T NG TT AA TT AFT A TFTT48 44 93 28 227 259 CC 07-09-2024 259 of 376 DATA-DRIVEN APPROACH CUPERTINO VISION ZERO ACTION PLAN 31 The City has developed a comprehensive set of countermeasures for the implementation of safety projects. These countermeasures HQFRPSDVV VWUDWHJLHV LQ WKH ÀHOGV RI engineering, education, and enforcement. The toolbox consists of over 50 countermeasures, covering aspects of roadway design, pedestrian safety, bicyclist safety, operations and signal timing, speed management, signage and marking, and even includes elements of education, public awareness, and enforcement. This toolbox is intended to assist the City in identifying the most suitable countermeasure IRU VSHFLÀF VDIHW\ PHDVXUHV UHFRJQL]LQJ •(෈FDF\7KLVUHIHUVWRWKHH[SHFWHGVDIHW\EHQHÀWGHWHUPLQHGWKURXJKDFDGHPLFUHVHDUFK and industry standards. •Cost: The overall expense involved in designing and implementing the countermeasure. • Complexity:7KHDQWLFLSDWHGOHYHORIGL඼FXOW\WKH&LW\PD\HQFRXQWHUZKHQLPSOHPHQWLQJWKH countermeasure. that not all treatments are appropriate for all roadway types. This toolbox can be considered a roster of countermeasures the City has at its disposal to address safety-related concerns DORQJWKHURDGZD\QHWZRUN'HWDLOHGGHÀQLWLRQ of each of the countermeasure is given in Appendix 2. The countermeasures have been evaluated XVLQJ WKUHH FULWHULD (඼FDF\ &RVW DQG Complexity, and assigned each criterion a score: COUNTERMEASURE TOOLBOX DR A F T J FDF\FDF\7KLVUHIHUVWR7KLVUHIHUVWRWKHH[SHFWHGWKHH[SHFWH nd industry standardsnd industry standards.. The overall expense invo The overall expense ity:ity:7KHDQWLFLSD7KHDQWLFLSD ureure.. FT RUNRUN untermeasuunterm measures have been evmeasures have UHHUHHFULWHULD (඼FDF\ &RVWFULWHULD (඼FDF\ exity, and assigned each criterexity, and assigned each e:e: 260 CC 07-09-2024 260 of 376 DATA-DRIVEN APPROACH CUPERTINO VISION ZERO ACTION PLAN 32 ROADWAY DESIGN ROAD DIETS AND LANE REDUCTION LANE RECONFIGURATION CURB EXTENSIONS & BULB OUTS CONSOLIDATING DRIVEWAYS ROADWAY AND INTERSECTION SAFETY LIGHTING INTERSECTION TIGHTENING RAISED INTERSECTIONS RAISED CROSSWALK SLIP LANE CLOSURES RAISED MEDIANS EFFICACY: COST: COMPLEXITY: EFFICACY: COST: COMPLEXITY: EFFICACY: COST: COMPLEXITY: EFFICACY: COST: COMPLEXITY: EFFICACY: COST: COMPLEXITY: EFFICACY: COST: COMPLEXITY: EFFICACY: COST: COMPLEXITY: EFFICACY: COST: COMPLEXITY: EFFICACY: COST: COMPLEXITY: EFFICACY: COST: COMPLEXITY: CLOSING SIDEWALK GAPS EFFICACY: COST: COMPLEXITY: DR A F T CONSOLIDATING SOLID DRIVEWAYS WAYS TY INTER TI ISED INTERSECTIONSSED INTERSECTIONS SLIP LANE E CLOSUCL EFFICACY: COST: COMPLEXITYTTTFTTT TYTY:: RRARRRRRA EFFICACY: Y: COST: COST COMPLEXITYCOMPLEXIT: DRDRDRDRDRDRDRDRR EFFICACY: EFFICACY: COST: COST: COMPLECOMPLEDDD CACYCACY OST: OST: COMPLEXITYCOM: TT 261 CC 07-09-2024 261 of 376 DATA-DRIVEN APPROACH CUPERTINO VISION ZERO ACTION PLAN 33 PEDESTRIAN SAFETY MARKED CROSSWALKS HIGH-VISIBILITY CROSSWALKS WITH ADVANCED STOP OR YIELD SIGNS PEDESTRIAN REFUGE ISLANDS AND MEDIAN RECTANGULAR RAPID FLASHING BEACON (RRFB) PEDESTRIAN SCRAMBLE ACCESSIBLE PEDESTRIAN SIGNAL (APS) MIDBLOCK CROSSWALKS PEDESTRIAN HYBRID BEACON EFFICACY: COST: COMPLEXITY:EFFICACY: COST: COMPLEXITY: EFFICACY: COST: COMPLEXITY: EFFICACY: COST: COMPLEXITY: EFFICACY: COST: COMPLEXITY: EFFICACY: COST: COMPLEXITY: EFFICACY: COST: COMPLEXITY: EFFICACY: COST: COMPLEXITY: NO RIGHT ON RED EFFICACY: COST: COMPLEXITY: DR A F T ANCEANCE GNS GNS RECTANGULAR RAPIULAR R FLASHING BEACOFLASHING BEACO AMBLE MIDBLOCK CROSSWALKSCK CROS EFFICACY: EFFIC COST: COST: COMPLEXITYPLEXITY:TTTTTTTTEFFICACY: COST: COMPLEX TTFTT TYTY:: RRRDR ARRRRA EFFICACY: FICACY: COST: COMPLEXITYTY::DRDRDRDRDRDRDRDRRR NO RIGHNO RIGH 262 CC 07-09-2024 262 of 376 DATA-DRIVEN APPROACH CUPERTINO VISION ZERO ACTION PLAN 34 BICYCLIST SAFETY BIKE INTERSECTION MARKING SIGNAL DETECTION AND ACTUATION BICYCLE SIGNAL BIKE BOX TWO-STAGE BICYCLE TURN BOX GREEN PAVEMENT PROTECTED BIKEWAYS BUFFERED BIKE LANES SHARED USE TRAIL & BICYCLE PATH PRIORITIZE BIKE LANES OVER ON-STREET PARKING EFFICACY: COST: COMPLEXITY: EFFICACY: COST: COMPLEXITY: EFFICACY: COST: COMPLEXITY: EFFICACY: COST: COMPLEXITY: EFFICACY: COST: COMPLEXITY: EFFICACY: COST: COMPLEXITY: EFFICACY: COST: COMPLEXITY: EFFICACY: COST: COMPLEXITY: EFFICACY: COST: COMPLEXITY: EFFICACY: COST: COMPLEXITY: PROTECTED BIKEWAYS WITH PLASTIC BOLLARDS OR SIMILAR EFFICACY: COST: COMPLEXITY: DR A F T BIKE BOX BIKE BOX GREEN PA TED BIKEWAYS TED BIKEWAYS SHARED USE SE TRAILT BICYCLE PATHATH MPLEXITYMPLEXIT: TTTEFFICACY: COST: COMPLEXITYCO:FTTTFTFTTTTTT RRA EFFICA COCO CACY: ACY: COST: COMPLEXITYY::RRRDRDRDRDRDRR EFFICACY: EFFICACY: COST: COST: OMPLEOMPLEDDD 263 CC 07-09-2024 263 of 376 DATA-DRIVEN APPROACH CUPERTINO VISION ZERO ACTION PLAN 35 SPEED MANAGEMENT VEHICLE SPEED FEEDBACK SIGN REDUCED SPEED SCHOOL ZONE AUTOMATED SPEED ENFORCEMENT SPEED CUSHIONS, SPEED HUMPS AND SPEED TABLES CHOKERS, CHICANES, BULB OUTS, SPLITTER ISLANDS, AND ROUNDABOUTS TURN CALMING PROGRAM IMPPROVE HIGH FRICTION SURFACE TREATMENT CONVERT SIGNAL TO MAST ARM EFFICACY: COST: COMPLEXITY: EFFICACY: COST: COMPLEXITY: EFFICACY: COST: COMPLEXITY: EFFICACY: COST: COMPLEXITY: EFFICACY: COST: COMPLEXITY: EFFICACY: COST: COMPLEXITY: EFFICACY: COST: COMPLEXITY: EFFICACY: COST: COMPLEXITY: SPEED LIMIT REDUCTION - AB 43 EFFICACY: COST: COMPLEXITY: AUTOMATED SPEED ENFORCEMENT (WHERE PERMITTED) DR A F T SPEED CUSHIONS, SSPEED CU HUMPS AND SPEED TAS AND TURN CA MPPROVE HIGH ROVE HIGH FRICTION SURFACE N SURFAC TREATMENTTREATMENT XITYXITY TYTY:: RRRRRRRRA EFFEF EFFICACY: COST: COMPLEXITYCO:FTTTFTFTTTTT DR EFFICACY: ACY: COST: COMPLEXITYY::DRDRDRDRDRDRDRDRRRA 264 CC 07-09-2024 264 of 376 DATA-DRIVEN APPROACH CUPERTINO VISION ZERO ACTION PLAN 36 OPERATIONS AND SIGNAL TIMING ADAPTIVE PEDESTRIAN SIGNAL TIMING SIGNAL DETECTION & ACTUATION PEDESTRIAN COUNTDOWN SIGNAL HEAD LEADING PEDESTRIAN INTERVALS MODIFIED INTERSECTION STOP-CONTROL PROTECTED LEFT TURN SIGNAL ADVANCED DILEMMA ZONE DETECTION SIGNAL SYNC SLOW GREEN WAVE SIGNAL TIMING AND PHASING IMPROVEMENTS FLASHING YELLOW RIGHT TURN SIGNAL HYBRID LEFT TURN SIGNAL EFFICACY: COST: COMPLEXITY:EFFICACY: COST: COMPLEXITY: EFFICACY: COST: COMPLEXITY: EFFICACY: COST: COMPLEXITY: EFFICACY: COST: COMPLEXITY: EFFICACY: COST: COMPLEXITY: EFFICACY: COST: COMPLEXITY: EFFICACY: COST: COMPLEXITY: EFFICACY: COST: COMPLEXITY: EFFICACY: COST: COMPLEXITY:DR A F T MODIFIED INTERSECTIOD INTE N STOP-CONTROL ROL ADVAN ZONZO AL SYNC SLOW AL SYNC SLOW EEN WAVE EN WA FLASHING YELLOW G YE RIGHT TURN SIGNRN S CACY: CACY: COST: COST: COMPLEXITYCOMPLEXIT:TTTTTTTTEFFICACY: E COST: CO COMPLEXITY:FTTTFTFTT DR A T RRRA EFFICACY: COST: COST: COMPLEXITYCOMPLEXIT: DRDRDRDRDRDRDRDRR EFFICACY: COST: CO COMPLEXITCOMPLEXITDDDDDD 265 CC 07-09-2024 265 of 376 DATA-DRIVEN APPROACH CUPERTINO VISION ZERO ACTION PLAN 37 SIGNAGE AND MARKING BACK-PLATES WITH RETROREFLECTIVE BORDERS PEDESTRIAN PADDLE SIGNS EDGE LINE PARKING RESTRICTION AT INTERSECTION EFFICACY: COST: COMPLEXITY: EFFICACY: COST: COMPLEXITY: EFFICACY: COST: COMPLEXITY: EFFICACY: COST: COMPLEXITY: ENFORCEMENT HIGH VISIBILITY ENFORCEMENT EDUCATIONAL INITIATIVES OVER CITATIONS TRAFFIC SAFETY DIVERSION PROGRAM RED LIGHT VIOLATION CAMERAS EFFICACY: COST: COMPLEXITY: EFFICACY: COST: COMPLEXITY: EFFICACY: COST: COMPLEXITY: EFFICACY: COST: COMPLEXITY: CONVERT SIGNAL TO MAST ARM EFFICACY: COST: COMPLEXITY: PARKING RESTRICTION RESTR A INTERSECTION ON ACY: ACY: ST: ST: COMPLEXITYCOMPL: TTTTTTEFFICACY: EF COST: COMPLEXITY:FTTTFTFTTT ENE HIGH VISIBILITY BILIT ENFORCEMENTENFORCEMEN EFFICACY: EFFICACY: OST: OST: PPDD MAST AST XITYXITY:: RRRRRRRRA 266 CC 07-09-2024 266 of 376 DATA-DRIVEN APPROACH CUPERTINO VISION ZERO ACTION PLAN 38 SIGNAGE AND MARKING BACK-PLATES WITH RETROREFLECTIVE BORDERS PEDESTRIAN PADDLE SIGNS EDGE LINE PARKING RESTRICTION AT INTERSECTION EFFICACY: COST: COMPLEXITY: EFFICACY: COST: COMPLEXITY: EFFICACY: COST: COMPLEXITY: EFFICACY: COST: COMPLEXITY: TRANSIT SAFETY TRANSIT ISLANDS FLOATING TRANSIT STOPS YIELD TO BUSSES - ORDINANCESBUS BULB OUTS TRANSIT STOP PLACEMENT EFFICACY: COST: COMPLEXITY: EFFICACY: COST: COMPLEXITY: EFFICACY: COST: COMPLEXITY: EFFICACY: COST: COMPLEXITY: EFFICACY: COST: COMPLEXITY: DR A F T FT A BUSS EMENTENT T MPLEXI FT CO C RA FTTFTTT R T RRRA TFTTTT 267 CC 07-09-2024 267 of 376 DATA-DRIVEN APPROACH CUPERTINO VISION ZERO ACTION PLAN 39 EDUCATION AND PUBLIC AWARENESS EDUCATIONAL CAMPAIGN RAPID RESPONSE SAFETY COMMUNICATION PROTOCOL SAFE ROUTES TO SCHOOL PROGRAM SAFE ROUTES PROGRAMS COMMUNITY PARTNERSHIP SHARE THE ROAD AWARENESS PROGRAM VISION ZERO TRAINING MANUAL ALCOHOL USE DISORDER (AUD) ASSESSMENT & TREATMENT PROGRAMS EFFICACY: COST: COMPLEXITY: EFFICACY: COST: COMPLEXITY: EFFICACY: COST: COMPLEXITY: EFFICACY: COST: COMPLEXITY: EFFICACY: COST: COMPLEXITY: EFFICACY: COST: COMPLEXITY: EFFICACY: COST: COMPLEXITY: EFFICACY: COST: COMPLEXITY: NEIGHBORHOOD TRAFFIC CALMING PROGRAM (NTCP) ACTIVE TRANSPORTATION PLAN COMPLETE STREETS POLICY EFFICACY: COST: COMPLEXITY: EFFICACY: COST: COMPLEXITY: EFFICACY: COST: COMPLEXITY:DR A F T SAFE ROUTES PROGRSAFE ROUT SHARE TH AWAR ON ZERO TRAININGON ZERO TRAINING MANUAL AL MPLEXITYMPLEXIT: TTTEFFICACY: COST: COMPLEXITYC: FTTTFTFTTTTT EE RRA EFFICACY: EFFICA COST: COST: COMPLEXITYEXITY:: DRDRDRDRDRDRDRDRDRRDRHO CALMING PRDEFFICACY: OST:D 268 CC 07-09-2024 268 of 376 DATA-DRIVEN APPROACH CUPERTINO VISION ZERO ACTION PLAN 40 7KH&LW\RI&XSHUWLQRKDVLGHQWLÀHGWKHWRS QLQHFROOLVLRQSURÀOHVWKDWHPSKDVL]HWKHWUHQGV observed in crashes resulting in people being NLOOHGRUVHULRXVO\LQMXUHG .6, 7KHVHSURÀOHV are developed through the analysis of collision data and relevant environmental factors. (DFKSURÀOHLGHQWLÀHVDFROOLVLRQW\SHWKDWLV considered a priority concern. Accompanying HDFK SURÀOH DUH VDIHW\ FRXQWHUPHDVXUHV drawn from the previous section that is most DSSOLFDEOH WR WKH VSHFLÀF FUDVK DQG ORFDWLRQ context. )LJXUH7RS1LQH&ROOLVLRQ3URÀOHV Summarized in Figure 14 and Figure 15, the subsequent pages identify the nine collision SURÀOHVDQGWKHLUUHVSHFWLYHFRXQWHUPHDVXUHV 7KHFROOLVLRQSURÀOHV HQFRPSDVV GLYHUVH collision attributes, such as speeding vehicles or red light violations (as documented in the collision reports), alongside contextual factors like the collision’s location on a corridor, at an intersection, or in proximity to a school, park, or transit stop. Notably, individual collisions FRXOGDOLJQZLWKPXOWLSOHSURÀOHV7RLOOXVWUDWH a collision might simultaneously fall under both a speed-related incident and involve a GULYHUXQGHUWKHLQÁXHQFHRIGUXJVRUDOFRKRO COLLISION PROFILES DR A F T H7RS1LQH&ROOLVLRQ3URÀOHVS1LQH&ROOLVLRQ3URÀOHV ch as sch as ons (as documons (as ), alongside context), alongsi on’s location on a corridoon’s location o on, or in proximity to a school, on, or in proximity to nsit stopnsit sto . Notably, individual collndividu OGDOLJQOGDOLJ ZLWKPXOWLSOHSURÀOHV7RPXOWLSOHSURÀOHV7R a collision might simultaneouslycollision might simultaneously both a speed-related incident th a speed-re GULYHUXQGHUWKHLQÁXHQFHRIXQGHUWK 269 CC 07-09-2024 269 of 376 DATA-DRIVEN APPROACH CUPERTINO VISION ZERO ACTION PLAN 41 )LJXUH&ROOLVLRQ3URÀOH6WDWV D 270 CC 07-09-2024 270 of 376 CU P E R T I N O V I S I O N Z E R O A C T I O N P L A N 42 PE D E S T R I A N & B I C Y C L I S T A R E MO S T V U L N E R A B L E PR O F I L E 1 PR O T E C T E D B I K E W A Y S Se g r e g a t e d l a n e s s h i e l d e d b y f l e x i b l e p o s t s , pa r k e d c a r s , a n d p l a n t e r s f o r s a f e b i c y c l e tr a v e l s e p a r a t e f r o m v e h i c l e t r a f f i c . PE D E S T R I A N R E F U G E I S L A N D S Pr o v i d e a s a f e s p a c e f o r p e d e s t r i a n s t o p a u s e be t w e e n t r a f f i c RE C T A N G U L A R R A P I D F L A S H I N G B E A C O N Of f e r s p e d e s t r i a n s a n d b i c y c l i s t s a c l e a r p a t h to c r o s s t h e s t r e e t m o r e s a f e l y . SH A R E T H E R O A D A W A R E N E S S P R O G R A M Cr e a t e a S h a r e t h e R o a d A w a r e n e s s P r o g r a m fo r m o t o r i s t , b i c y c l i s t a n d p e d e s t r i a n s t h a t i s ea s i l y a c c e s s i b l e . TR A F F I C S A F E T Y D I V E R S I O N P R O G R A M Fo r b i c y c l e a n d p e d e s t r i a n t r a f f i c v i o l a t i o n s pr o v i d i n g a c c e s s t o s a f e t y c o u r s e s a n d pr o g r a m s c e n t e r e d o n b i k i n g a n d w a l k i n g EF F I C A C Y : CO S T : CO M P L E X I T Y : EF F I C A C Y : CO S T : CO M P L E X I T Y : EF F I C A C Y : CO S T : CO M P L E X I T Y : EF F I C A C Y : CO S T : CO M P L E X I T Y : EF F I C A C Y : CO S T : CO M P L E X I T Y : Pe d e s t r i a n s a n d b i c y c l i s t s d o n o t ha v e t h e p r o t e c t i o n o f a “ s t e e l bo x ” a s t h e y t r a v e l a l o n g o u r ro a d w a y s . W e a t h e r c o n d i t i o n s , pa v e m e n t d e f i c i e n c i e s , a n d l a c k of s a f e a n d u s e a b l e f a c i l i t i e s a d d s to t h e r i s k s p e d e s t r i a n s a n d bi c y c l i s t s f a c e e v e r y d a y . MA R K E D C R O S S W A L K S Ef f e c t i v e l y d e c r e a s e t h e o c c u r r e n c e o f co l l i s i o n s a l o n g h i g h r i s k c o r r i d o r s EF F I C A C Y : CO S T : CO M P L E X I T Y : FA C T O R S S T A T S MO D E S KS I C R A S H E S ń Ac c o u n t s f o r 62 % (5 0 c o l l i s i o n s ) of a l l K S I c o l l i s i o n ń 33 % (2 7 c o l l i s i o n s ) o f K S I co l l i s i o n s i n v o l v i n g b i c y c l i s t s ń 29 % ( 2 4 c o l l i s i o n s ) o f K S I co l l i s i o n s i n v o l v i n g p e d e s t r i a n 50 ń 22 % o f t h e P e d e s t r i a n c o l l i s i o n s oc c u r r e d d u e t o Pe d e s t r i a n Vi o l a t i o n (c r o s s i n g o u t s i d e t h e cr o s s w a l k ) ń 5 Pe d e s t r i a n K S I c o l l i s i o n s oc c u r r e d a s a r e s u l t o f cr o s s i n g ou t s i d e d e s i g n a t e d c r o s s w a l k ar e a s ń 50 % o f p e d e s t r i a n a n d b i c y c l i s t KS I c o l l i s i o n s o c c u r r e d o n St e v e n s C a n y o n R o a d , Ho m e s t e a d R o a d a n d D e A n z a Bo u l e v a r d , w h i c h a r e co r r i d o r s of c o n c e r n 28 0 28 0 28 0 85 Pr o f i l e 1 : P e d e s t r i a n & B i c y c l i s t A r e M o s t V u l n e r a b l e DE ANZA DE ANZA PORTAL BLANEY JOHNSON WH E A T O N HO M E S T E A D L O R E E PE P P E R T R E E AC A D I A STELLING BUBB FOOTHILL MILLER BO L L I N G E R WOLFE TANTAU ST E V E N S C R E E K AL C A L D E RIV E R S I D E LINDA VISTA SANTA TERESA MC C L E L L A N Pe d e s t r i a n - M o t o r K S I C o l l i s i o n Bi k e - M o t o r K S I C o l l i s i o n Au t o m o b i l e K S I C o l l i s i o n LE G E N D Hi g h I n j u r y N e t w o r k Ma j o r R o a d s Ot h e r R o a d s Ci t y o f C u p e r t i n o B o u n d a r y DRAFDDRA RRRARARARARARARA AAAAAAAAAAARARA AAAAFAFAFAFAFAFAFAFRARRRRRARARARARARARARARARARARAFRARARARARARA AAAAAAAFAFAFAFAFAFAF FFF RAFT FTARAF FFFAFT TFT RA FTFTFTFFFFTFTFTFFFTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTFFAFTAF FFFFF RAFT FFTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTFTTTTTTTFTTTTTTTTFTTTFTTTTTTFTAFT FT 271 CC 07-09-2024 271 of 376 CU P E R T I N O V I S I O N Z E R O A C T I O N P L A N 44 UN S A F E S P E E D S PR O F I L E 2 PR O T E C T E D B I K E W A Y S Se g r e g a t e d l a n e s s h i e l d e d b y f l e x i b l e p o s t s , pa r k e d c a r s , a n d p l a n t e r s f o r s a f e b i c y c l e tr a v e l s e p a r a t e f r o m v e h i c l e t r a f f i c . LA N E R E C O N F I G U R A T I O N Re a p p o r t i o n t h e s t r e e t t o r e d u c e e x c e s s i v e sp e e d i n g a n d b e t t e r s e r v e a l l r o a d u s e r s . VE H I C L E S P E E D F E E D B A C K S I G N Ra d a r - b a s e d v e h i c l e s p e e d f e e d b a c k s i g n s pr o m o t e s a f e r s t r e e t s b y i m p r o v i n g d r i v e r s ' sp e e d c o m p l i a n c e t h r o u g h L E D d i s p l a y s . SP E E D C U S H I O N S , H U M P A N D T A B L E Tr a f f i c c a l m i n g d e v i c e s t h a t r e d u c e v e h i c l e sp e e d s RE D U C E D S P E E D S C H O O L Z O N E Re d u c t i o n i n s p e e d l i m i t s i n s c h o o l z o n e s re d u c e s v e h i c u l a r s p e e d s a n d f a t a l a n d i n j u r y co l l i s i o n s AU T O M A T E D S P E E D E N F O R C E M E N T Au t o m a t e d s e n s o r s l i n k e d t o c a m e r a s d e t e c t re d - l i g h t r u n n i n g a n d s p e e d i n g , r e s u l t i n g i n ma i l e d c i t a t i o n s t o v i o l a t o r s . EF F I C A C Y : CO S T : CO M P L E X I T Y : EF F I C A C Y : CO S T : CO M P L E X I T Y : EF F I C A C Y : CO S T : CO M P L E X I T Y : EF F I C A C Y : CO S T : CO M P L E X I T Y : EF F I C A C Y : CO S T : CO M P L E X I T Y : EF F I C A C Y : CO S T : CO M P L E X I T Y : Th e p r i m a r y c o l l i s i o n f a c t o r o f "u n s a f e s p e e d " i n d i c a t e s t h a t o n e of t h e p a r t i e s i n v o l v e d w a s dr i v i n g a t a s p e e d g r e a t e r t h a n wa s r e a s o n a b l e o r p r u d e n t . Re d u c i n g v e h i c l e s p e e d c a n g i v e dr i v e r s a d d i t i o n a l t i m e t o re s p o n d t o p o t e n t i a l l y d a n g e r o u s si t u a t i o n s . L o w e r s p e e d s de c r e a s e t h e s e v e r i t y o f i n j u r i e s by l e s s e n i n g t h e i m p a c t o f t h e cr a s h . T h e s u b s e q u e n t co u n t e r m e a s u r e s s u g g e s t po t e n t i a l s t r a t e g i e s f o r r e d u c i n g tr a v e l s p e e d s o n o u r r o a d s , di s c o u r a g e u n s a f e d r i v i n g , a n d en c o u r a g i n g b e t t e r c o m p l i a n c e wi t h p o s t e d s p e e d l i m i t s . FA C T O R S S T A T S MO D E S KS I C R A S H E S ń Ac c o u n t s f o r 10 % (8 c o l l i s i o n s ) of a l l K S I ń 7% (2 c o l l i s i o n s ) o f K S I c o l l i s i o n s in v o l v i n g p e d e s t r i a n a n d bi c y c l i s t s 8ń Pr i m a r y C o l l i s i o n F a c t o r i s UN S A F E S P E E D ń 88 % of c o l l i s i o n s c a u s e d b y sp e e d i n g o c c u r r e d o n a r t e r i a l st r e e t s )RRWKLOO%OYG 0F  & O H O O D Q  5 G 28 0 28 0 28 0 85 3U R I L O H     8 Q V D I H  6 S H H G V DE ANZA DE ANZA PORTAL BLANEY JOHNSON WH E A T O N HO M E S T E A D L O R E E PE P P E R T R E E AC A D I A STELLING BUBB FOOTHILL MILLER BO L L I N G E R WOLFE TANTAU ST E V E N S C R E E K AL C A L D E RIV E R S I D E LINDA VISTA SANTA TERESA MC C L E L L A N /( * ( 1 ' Hi g h I n j u r y N e t w o r k Ma j o r R o a d s Ot h e r R o a d s Ci t y o f C u p e r t i n o B o u n d a r y Co l l i s i o n s C a u s e d b y U n s a f e S p e e d i n g Mo t o r - M o t o r K S I C o l l i s i o n Bi k e - M o t o r K S I C o l l i s i o n Al l K S I C o l l i s i o n s 25 M P H 30 M P H 35 M P H 40 M P H DRAFDDRRRRARA AAARA AFAFAFAFAFAFAFRARARARARARARAFT T RARARARA AAAFAFAFAF FFFFFF RAFT FTAFTAF FTTFTTFTTFTFTFTFTAFTFTFTFTAF TFTFTFTFTFTFTFTFTFTFTFTFFTFTFTFTFTFTFTFTFTFTFTFTFTFTFTFTFTFTFTFTFFFTFTTFTFTAFTAFTAFT FFTTTFTFTTTTTTFTFTFTFTFTFTFTFTFTFTFTTFTFTFTTTFTFTFTFTFTFTAF FTFTFTFTFTFTFTFTFTFTFTTTTTFFTFTTTTTTTFTFTTTTTTTFTFTTFTTFTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTFTFTFTFTFTFTTTTTFTFFTFTFTFFFFAF FFFFFFFTFTFTTTTTFFFTTTTTTTTTTTTTFTFTTFTFTFTFTFTFTFTFTTFTTTFTFTFTFTFTTTTFTFTFF RA FT RAFT FTFTFTFTTTTTFTTTTFFFFTFTFTFTFTFTFTFTFTFTFTFTFTFTFTFTFTFTFTFTFTFTFTTTTTTFTFTTTTTTTTTTTTTTFTFTFTFTFTFTFTFTFTFTFTFTFTFTFTFTFTFTFTFTFTFTFTFTFTFTFTFTFTFTFTFTFTFTFTFTFTFTFTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF 272 CC 07-09-2024 272 of 376 CU P E R T I N O V I S I O N Z E R O A C T I O N P L A N 46 IM P R O V E I N T E R S E C T I O N S A F E T Y FO R A L L PR O F I L E 3 BI K E I N T E R S E C T I O N M A R K I N G Em p h a s i z e s t h e p r i o r i t y o f c y c l i s t s o v e r tu r n i n g v e h i c l e s a n d e n h a n c i n g v i s i b i l i t y . AD A P T I V E P E D E S T R I A N S I G N A L T I M I N G Se n s o r d e t e c t s w h e n p e d e s t r i a n a r e p r e s e n t i n a c r o s s i n g a n d a u t o m a t i c a l l y i n c r e a s e s cr o s s i n g t i m e w h e n n e c e s s a r y RA I S E D C R O S S W A L K Re d u c e v e h i c l e s p e e d s a n d e n h a n c e t h e pe d e s t r i a n c r o s s i n g e n v i r o n m e n t . EF F I C A C Y : CO S T : CO M P L E X I T Y : EF F I C A C Y : CO S T : CO M P L E X I T Y : EF F I C A C Y : CO S T : CO M P L E X I T Y : In t e r s e c t i o n s r e p r e s e n t t h e gr e a t e s t t h r e a t t o s a f e t y d u e t o th e n u m b e r o f c o n f l i c t p o i n t s a n d op p o r t u n i t i e s f o r t r a v e l e r s t o mi s j u d g e s p e e d s a n d g a p s t o sa f e l y t u r n o r c r o s s a n o t h e r pe r s o n ’ s t r a v e l p a t h . A l s o , t h e de s i g n a n d o p e r a t i o n o f in t e r s e c t i o n s d o e s n o t a l w a y s al i g n w i t h t h e n e e d s o f a l l pe r s o n s , p a r t i c u l a r l y v u l n e r a b l e ro a d w a y u s e r s . MA R K E D C R O S S W A L K S Ef f e c t i v e l y d e c r e a s e t h e o c c u r r e n c e o f co l l i s i o n s a l o n g h i g h r i s k c o r r i d o r s EF F I C A C Y : CO S T : CO M P L E X I T Y : LA N E R E C O N F I G U R A T I O N Re a p p o r t i o n t h e s t r e e t t o r e d u c e e x c e s s i v e sp e e d i n g a n d b e t t e r s e r v e a l l r o a d u s e r s . EF F I C A C Y : CO S T : CO M P L E X I T Y : RO U N D A B O U T S Pr o v e n s a f e t y c o u n t e r m e a s u r e t h a t r e d u c e s sp e e d s a n d c r a s h p o t e n t i a l w h i l e b e t t e r se r v i n g a l l r o a d w a y u s e r s EF F I C A C Y : CO S T : CO M P L E X I T Y : FA C T O R S S T A T S MO D E S KS I C R A S H E S ń Ac c o u n t s f o r 88 % ( 7 3 c o l l i s i o n s ) of a l l K S I c o l l i s i o n s ń 10 0 % ( 2 4 c o l l i s i o n s ) o f K S I co l l i s i o n s i n v o l v i n g p e d e s t r i a n an d 85 % (2 2 c o l l i s i o n s ) o f co l l i i s i o n s i n v o l v i n g b i c y c l i s t s 73 ń 88 % of K S I c o l l i s i o n s o c c u r r e d wi t h i n t h e f u n c t i o n a l a r e a ( 2 5 0 ft . ) o f a n in t e r s e c t i o n ń 9 F a t a l i t i e s oc c u r r e d w i t h i n t h e fu n c t i o n a l a r e a o f i n t e r s e c t i o n s ń Ma j o r i t y o f c o l l i s i o n s o c c u r r e d du e t o u n s a f e s p e e d i n g , pe d e s t r i a n v i o l a t i o n an d au t o m o b i l e r i g h t o f w a y vi o l a t i o n 28 0 28 0 28 0 85 85 Pr o f i l e 3 : I m p r o v e I n t e r s e c t i o n S a f e t y f o r A l l Co l l i s i o n s N e a r I n t e r s e c t i o n s Mo t o r - M o t o r K S I C o l l i s i o n Pe d e s t r i a n - M o t o r K S I C o l l i s i o n Bi k e - M o t o r K S I C o l l i s i o n LE G E N D Fu n c t i o n a l A r e a o f I n t e r s e c t i o n ( 2 5 0 f t . b u f f e r ) Hi g h I n j u r y N e t w o r k Ma j o r R o a d s Ot h e r R o a d s Ci t y o f C u p e r t i n o B o u n d a r y DE ANZA DE ANZA PORTAL BLANEY JOHNSON WH E A T O N HO M E S T E A D L O R E E PE P P E R T R E E AC A D I A STELLING BUBB FOOTHILL MILLER BO L L I N G E R WOLFE TANTAU ST E V E N S C R E E K AL C A L D E RIV E R S I D E LINDA VISTA SANTA TERESA MC C L E L L A N Ot h e r K S I C o l l i s i o n s DRAFDDDRA RRRRRRRRARARARARARARARARARARARARARA AAAAAAAAAAARARARARARARARARA AAAAAAAAAAFAFAFAFAFAFAFAFAFAFAFAFRAFTRARAF FFTAFT FTTFTFTFTFTFTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTFFF 273 CC 07-09-2024 273 of 376 CU P E R T I N O V I S I O N Z E R O A C T I O N P L A N 48 PE D E S T R I A N C O D E V I O L A T I O N PR O F I L E 4 Pe d e s t r i a n s c a n b e c o m e im p a t i e n t w h e n t h e i r a b i l i t y t o tr a v e l s a f e l y i s i m p e d e d b y a l a c k of s a f e c r o s s i n g s o r t r a f f i c s i g n a l s ti m e d f o r t h e c o n v e n i e n c e o f mo t o r i s t s a n d n o t f o r a l l r o a d w a y us e r s . D i s t r a c t e d t r a v e l w h i l e us i n g a h a n d - h e l d d e v i c e a l s o in c r e a s e s t h e r i s k o f m i s t a k e s . MA R K E D C R O S S W A L K S Ef f e c t i v e l y d e c r e a s e t h e o c c u r r e n c e o f co l l i s i o n s a l o n g h i g h r i s k c o r r i d o r s EF F I C A C Y : CO S T : CO M P L E X I T Y : IN T E R S E C T I O N S A F E T Y L I G H T I N G De c r e a s e s a c c i d e n t s i n v o l v i n g t h e m d u r i n g ni g h t t i m e a n d i n c r e a s e s a w a r e n e s s a n d re s p o n s e t i m e . EF F I C A C Y : CO S T : CO M P L E X I T Y : AD A P T I V E P E D E S T R I A N S I G N A L T I M I N G Se n s o r d e t e c t s w h e n p e d e s t r i a n a r e p r e s e n t i n a c r o s s i n g a n d a u t o m a t i c a l l y i n c r e a s e s cr o s s i n g t i m e w h e n n e c e s s a r y EF F I C A C Y : CO S T : CO M P L E X I T Y : MI D B L O C K C R O S S W A L K S In c r e a s e s s a f e t y b y d e c r e a s i n g r a n d o m a n d un e x p e c t e d p e d e s t r i a n c r o s s i n g s EF F I C A C Y : CO S T : CO M P L E X I T Y : SH A R E T H E R O A D A W A R E N E S S P R O G R A M Cr e a t e a S h a r e t h e R o a d A w a r e n e s s P r o g r a m fo r m o t o r i s t , b i c y c l i s t a n d p e d e s t r i a n s t h a t i s ea s i l y a c c e s s i b l e . EF F I C A C Y : CO S T : CO M P L E X I T Y : FL A S H I N G Y E L L O W R I G H T T U R N In d i c a t e t h a t d r i v e r s m a y t u r n a f t e r y i e l d i n g t o on c o m i n g t r a f f i c . T h e s e t u r n s a r e c o n s i d e r e d “p e r m i s s i v e . ” EF F I C A C Y : CO S T : CO M P L E X I T Y : FA C T O R S S T A T S MO D E S KS I C R A S H E S ń Ac c o u n t s f o r 10 % o f a l l K S I co l l i s i o n s ń 33 % o f K S I i n v o l v i n g pe d e s t r i a n s 8ń 2 P e d e s t r i a n F a t a l i t i e s oc c u r r e d du e t o p e d e s t r i a n v i o l a t i n g tr a f f i c c o d e ń At l e a s t h a l f o f t h e s e c o l l i s i o n s oc c u r r e d a s a r e s u l t o f cr o s s i n g ou t s i d e d e s i g n a t e d c r o s s w a l k ar e a s . ń 5 C o l l i s i o n s o c c u r r e d d u r i n g ho u r s o f d a r k n e s s o n s t r e e t s il l u m i n a t e d b y s t r e e t l i g h t s . 28 0 28 0 85 85 3U R I L O H     3 H G H V W U L D Q  & R G H  9 L R O D W L R Q 28 0 /( * ( 1 ' 3H G H V W U L D Q  & U R V V Z D O N +L J K  , Q M X U \  1 H W Z R U N 0D M R U  5 R D G V 2W K H U  5 R D G V &L W \  R I  & X S H U W L Q R  % R X Q G D U \ DE ANZA DE ANZA PORTAL BLANEY JOHNSON WH E A T O N HO M E S T E A D L O R E E PE P P E R T R E E AC A D I A STELLING BUBB FOOTHILL MILLER BO L L I N G E R WOLFE TANTAU ST E V E N S C R E E K AL C A L D E RIV E R S I D E LINDA VISTA SANTA TERESA MC C L E L L A N Co l l i s i o n s C a u s e d b y Pe d e s t r i a n C o d e V i o l a t i o n 3H G H V W U L D Q  0 R W R U  . 6 ,  & R O O L V L R Q 2W K H U  . 6 ,  & R O O L V L R Q V DRAFDDRA RRARARARARARA AAAAAAAARA AAAAFRARARARAFT AFRAFT FTARAF FFFAFT TFT RA FTFTAFTAF TTFFFTFFFFFFFTTFFTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTFF RAFT TTTTTTFTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTFTFTFTFTFFFFFFFFFFFFTTTTTTTFTTTTTFTFTFTTTTTFTFTFTFTFTFTFTFTFTTTTTTTFTTFTTFTTTTTTFTFTFFFT 274 CC 07-09-2024 274 of 376 CU P E R T I N O V I S I O N Z E R O A C T I O N P L A N 50 MA J O R I T Y O F B I K E C O L L I S I O N S AR E B R O A D S I D E C O L L I S I O N S PR O F I L E 5 Ri g h t t u r n i n g v e h i c l e s c u t t i n g o f f th e t r a v e l o f b i c y c l i s t s t r a v e l i n g pa r a l l e l t o t h e m r e s u l t s i n “ r i g h t ho o k ” c r a s h e s , o n e o f t h e m o s t co m m o n a n d m o s t d a n g e r o u s bi c y c l i s t c r a s h t y p e s . BI C Y C L E S I G N A L Pr i o r i t i z e s b i c y c l e m o v e m e n t s a t i n t e r s e c t i o n s , se p a r a t i n g t h e m f r o m c o n f l i c t i n g m o t o r ve h i c l e s EF F I C A C Y : CO S T : CO M P L E X I T Y : TU R N C A L M I N G P R O G R A M Ba s i c o r c o m p l e t e h a r d e n e d c e n t e r l i n e s f o r le f t t u r n s a n d S l o w T u r n W e d g e s e n f o r c e s sa f e t u r n i n g p r a c t i c e s EF F I C A C Y : CO S T : CO M P L E X I T Y : TW O - S T A G E B I C Y C L E T U R N B O X Of f e r s b i c y c l i s t s a m u l t i - s t a g e p r o c e s s t o sa f e l y a n d m o r e v i s i b l y m a k e a l e f t t u r n EF F I C A C Y : CO S T : CO M P L E X I T Y : BI K E B O X Sa f e a n d v i s i b l e w a y t o g e t a h e a d o f q u e u i n g tr a f f i c d u r i n g t h e r e d s i g n a l p h a s e . EF F I C A C Y : CO S T : CO M P L E X I T Y : PR O T E C T E D B I K E W A Y S Se g r e g a t e d l a n e s s h i e l d e d b y f l e x i b l e p o s t s , pa r k e d c a r s , a n d p l a n t e r s f o r s a f e b i c y c l e tr a v e l s e p a r a t e f r o m v e h i c l e t r a f f i c . EF F I C A C Y : CO S T : CO M P L E X I T Y : FL A S H I N G Y E L L O W R I G H T T U R N In d i c a t e t h a t d r i v e r s m a y t u r n a f t e r y i e l d i n g t o on c o m i n g t r a f f i c . T h e s e t u r n s a r e c o n s i d e r e d “p e r m i s s i v e . ” EF F I C A C Y : CO S T : CO M P L E X I T Y : FA C T O R S S T A T S MO D E S KS I C R A S H E S ń Ac c o u n t s f o r 35 % ( 9 c o l l i s i o n s ) of a l l K S I c o l l i s i o n s i n v o l v i n g bi c y c l i s t s ń 11 % ( 9 c o l l i s i o n s ) o f a l l K S I co l l i s i o n s 9ń 1 B i c y c l i s t F a t a l i t y oc c u r r e d du e a b r o a d s i d e c o l l i s i o n ń 2 o u t o f 9 K S I b r o a d s i d e b i c y c l e co l l i s i o n s w e r e d u e t o t r a v e l i n g wr o n g - w a y ń 2 o u t o f 9 K S I b r o a d s i d e b i c y c l e co l l i s i o n s o c c u r r e d w h i l e m a k i n g a l e f t t u r n 28 0 28 0 28 0 85 Pr o f i l e 5 : M a j o r i t y o f B i k e C o l l i s i o n s A r e B r o a d s i d e C o l l i s i o n s DE ANZA DE ANZA PORTAL BLANEY JOHNSON WH E A T O N HO M E S T E A D L O R E E PE P P E R T R E E AC A D I A STELLING BUBB FOOTHILL MILLER BO L L I N G E R WOLFE TANTAU ST E V E N S C R E E K AL C A L D E RIV E R S I D E LINDA VISTA SANTA TERESA MC C L E L L A N LE G E N D +L J K  , Q M X U \  1 H W Z R U N 0D M R U  5 R D G V 2W K H U  5 R D G V &L W \  R I  & X S H U W L Q R  % R X Q G D U \ Br o a d s i d e C o l l i s i o n s %L N H  0 R W R U  . 6 ,  & R O O L V L R Q 2W K H U  . 6 ,  & R O O L V L R Q V DDRA RRRRRRARARARARARARARARARARARA AAAAAAAARARARARARARARA AAAAAAAAAAAAFAFAFAFAFAFAFAFAFAFAFAFAFAFAFAF FFF RAFT FTARAF FFFFAFT TFT RA FFTFTFFAFTAF TFFFFF RAFT TTTTTTTTFFFTTTTTTTFTTTTTTFTTTFTTTFTAFT FT 275 CC 07-09-2024 275 of 376 CU P E R T I N O V I S I O N Z E R O A C T I O N P L A N 52 TE E N A G E R S B I K I N G / W A L K I N G NE A R S C H O O L A N D P A R K S PR O F I L E 6 BI C Y C L E S I G N A L Pr i o r i t i z e s b i c y c l e m o v e m e n t s a t i n t e r s e c t i o n s , se p a r a t i n g t h e m f r o m c o n f l i c t i n g m o t o r ve h i c l e s EF F I C A C Y : CO S T : CO M P L E X I T Y : RE D U C E D S P E E D S C H O O L Z O N E Re d u c t i o n i n s p e e d l i m i t s i n s c h o o l z o n e s re d u c e s v e h i c u l a r s p e e d s a n d f a t a l a n d i n j u r y co l l i s i o n s EF F I C A C Y : CO S T : CO M P L E X I T Y : PR O T E C T E D B I K E W A Y S Se g r e g a t e d l a n e s s h i e l d e d b y f l e x i b l e p o s t s , pa r k e d c a r s , a n d p l a n t e r s f o r s a f e b i c y c l e tr a v e l s e p a r a t e f r o m v e h i c l e t r a f f i c . EF F I C A C Y : CO S T : CO M P L E X I T Y : HI G H V I S I B I L I T Y E N F O R C E M E N T Co n c e n t r a t e e n f o r c e m e n t a c t i v i t i e s i n a r e a s o f Cu p e r t i n o w h e r e e n g i n e e r i n g a n d e d u c a t i o n a l in i t i a t i v e s h a v e a l r e a d y b e e n i m p l e m e n t e d . EF F I C A C Y : CO S T : CO M P L E X I T Y : S C HOOL FL A S H I N G Y E L L O W R I G H T T U R N In d i c a t e t h a t d r i v e r s m a y t u r n a f t e r y i e l d i n g t o on c o m i n g t r a f f i c . T h e s e t u r n s a r e c o n s i d e r e d “p e r m i s s i v e . ” EF F I C A C Y : CO S T : CO M P L E X I T Y : SA F E R O U T E S T O S C H O O L P R O G R A M Ex p a n d t h e C u p e r t i n o S a f e R o u t e s t o S c h o o l Pr o g r a m t o i n c l u d e V i s i o n Z e r o T r a i n i n g ma t e r i a l f o r s t u d e n t s , p a r e n t s a n d t e a c h e r s . EF F I C A C Y : CO S T : CO M P L E X I T Y : FA C T O R S S T A T S MO D E S KS I C R A S H E S ń Ac c o u n t s f o r 10 % (8 c o l l i s i o n ) o f KS I c o l l i s i o n s ń Un s a f e s p e e d i n g c a u s e d 22 % (2 co l l i s i o n s ) o f t e e n b i k i n g co l l i s i o n s n e a r s c h o o l s a n d pa r k s , w i t h a n a d d i t i o n a l 22 % (2 co l l i s i o n s ) d u e t o a u t o m o b i l e RO W v i o l a t i o n s . 8ń 82 % ( 6 8 c o l l i s i o n s ) o f a l l K S I co l l i s i o n s o c c u r r e d w i t h a qu a r t e r m i l e o f a s c h o o l o r a pa r k ń 56 % o f f a t a l i t i e s (5 c o l l i s i o n s ) oc c u r r e d w i t h i n a q u a r t e r m i l e ra d i u s o f s c h o o l s a n d p a r k s ń Al l c o l l i s i o n s i n t h i s qu a r t e r - m i l e r a d i u s w e r e e i t h e r pe d e s t r i a n o r b i c y c l e r e l a t e d ń At l e a s t 8 of t h e s e c o l l i s i o n s in v o l v e d t e e n a g e r s a g e d 1 5 - 2 0 ye a r s . A l a c k o f b i c y c l e a n d p e d e s t r i a n fa c i l i t i e s o r h i g h e r t h a n a p p r o p r i a t e ve h i c l e s p e e d s c o n t r i b u t e t o in c r e a s e d r i s k i n a r e a s w h e r e t h e r e ar e c o n c e n t r a t i o n s o f y o u n g e r tr a v e l e r s . A d d i t i o n a l l y , a l e s s em o t i o n a l a n d m e n t a l m a t u r i t y a s co m p a r e d t o a n a d u l t m a y r e s u l t i n yo u n g e r p e o p l e m a k i n g c r o s s i n g de c i s i o n s w h e n i t i s n o t s a f e t o d o so . 28 0 85 3U R I L O H     7 H H Q D J H U V  % L N L Q J  : D O N L Q J  1 H D U  6 F K R R O  D Q G  3 D U N V DE A N Z A C O L L E G E HO M E S T E A D H S CU P E R T I N O H S MO N T A V I S T A H S KE N N E D Y M S LA W S O N M S HY D E M S EA T O N E S FA R I A E S CO L L I N S E S LI N C O L N E S RE G N A R T E S SE D G W I C K E S GA R D E N G A T E E S ST E V E N S C R E E K E S ST J O S E P H C U P E R T I N O S C H O O L VI L L A G E L I T T L E P R E S C H O O L SU T T O N S W I M S C H O O L VI L L A M O N T E S O R R I S C H O O L VA L L C O C H I L D R E N ' S D E V E L O P M E N T MA T H S Q U A R E LI T T L E P E O P L E C H R I S T I A N D A Y C A R E GO O D S A M A R I T A N P R E S C H O O L GR O W I N G T R E E L E A R N I N G C E N T E R KI N D E R C A R E L E A R I N G C E N T E R US F S O U T H B A Y R E G I O N A L C A M P U S TL C O F C U P E R T I N O DE ANZA DE ANZA PORTAL BLANEY JOHNSON WH E A T O N HO M E S T E A D L O R E E PE P P E R T R E E AC A D I A STELLING BUBB FOOTHILL MILLER BO L L I N G E R WOLFE TANTAU ST E V E N S C R E E K AL C A L D E RIV E R S I D E LINDA VISTA SANTA TERESA MC C L E L L A N Co l l i s i o n s I n v o l v i n g T e e n a g e r s 3H G H V W U L D Q  0 R W R U  . 6 ,  & R O O L V L R Q %L N H  0 R W R U  . 6 ,  & R O O L V L R Q 2W K H U  . 6 ,  & R O O L V L R Q V /( * ( 1 ' 6F K R R O 3D U N 6F K R R O  ) L H O G 4X D U W H U  0 L O H  % X I I H U +L J K  , Q M X U \  1 H W Z R U N 0D M R U  5 R D G V 2W K H U  5 R D G V &L W \  R I  & X S H U W L Q R  % R X Q G D U \ DRAFDDRA RRRARARARARARARARA AAAAAAAAAAARARA AAAAFAFAFAFAFAFAFAFAFRARRRARARARARARARARARAFRARARA AAAAAAAAFAFAFRAFT ARAFRA AF FF RAF FTFFTFTFTTFTTTTTTTTTTTTFTFTTTFTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTFTF 276 CC 07-09-2024 276 of 376 CU P E R T I N O V I S I O N Z E R O A C T I O N P L A N 54 DR I V I N G U N D E R I N F L U E N C E PR O F I L E 7 Dr i n k i n g a l c o h o l o r u s i n g d r u g s wh i l e d r i v i n g i s a d a n g e r o u s ep i d e m i c . T h e a b i l i t y t o s a f e l y op e r a t e a m o t o r v e h i c l e i s im p a i r e d b y a l c o h o l a n d d r u g s . Un f o r t u n a t e l y , t h e d e c i s i o n ma k i n g p r o c e s s t o n o t d r i v e a f t e r dr i n k i n g a l c o h o l o r u s i n g d r u g s i s al s o i m p a i r e d . VE H I C L E S P E E D F E E D B A C K S I G N Ra d a r - b a s e d v e h i c l e s p e e d f e e d b a c k s i g n s pr o m o t e s a f e r s t r e e t s b y i m p r o v i n g d r i v e r s ' sp e e d c o m p l i a n c e t h r o u g h L E D d i s p l a y s . EF F I C A C Y : CO S T : CO M P L E X I T Y : ED U C A T I O N A L C A M P A I G N Wo r k t o g e t h e r w i t h c o m m u n i t y o r g a n i z a t i o n s to d i s t r i b u t e m a t e r i a l s t o p r o m o t e EF F I C A C Y : CO S T : CO M P L E X I T Y : ED U C A T I O N A L I N I T I A T I V E S O V E R CI T A T I O N S Pr i o r i t i z e e d u c a t i o n a l i n i t i a t i v e s w h i l e i s s u i n g ci t a t i o n s d u r i n g t r a f f i c e n f o r c e m e n t EF F I C A C Y : CO S T : CO M P L E X I T Y : AL C O H O L U S E D I S O R D E R ( A U D ) AS S E S S M E N T & T R E A T M E N T P R O G R A M S Lo n g - t e r m , t a i l o r e d , a n d s p e c i a l i z e d t r e a t m e n t pr o g r a m s c a n s e r v e a s a n i n t e r v e n t i o n EF F I C A C Y : CO S T : CO M P L E X I T Y : HI G H V I S I B I L I T Y E N F O R C E M E N T Co n c e n t r a t e e n f o r c e m e n t a c t i v i t i e s i n a r e a s o f Cu p e r t i n o w h e r e e n g i n e e r i n g a n d e d u c a t i o n a l in i t i a t i v e s h a v e a l r e a d y b e e n i m p l e m e n t e d . EF F I C A C Y : CO S T : CO M P L E X I T Y : FA C T O R S S T A T S MO D E S KS I C R A S H E S ń Ac c o u n t s f o r 5% ( 4 c o l l i s i o n s ) o f al l K S I c o l l i s i o n s ń Al l i n d i v i d u a l s r e s p o n s i b l e f o r th e i n c i d e n t f e l l w i t h i n t h e a g e ra n g e o f 2 0 t o 2 9 y e a r s 4ń 3% of a l l c o l l i s i o n s i n t h e C i t y o f Cu p e r t i n o ń Al c o h o l a n d d r u g r e l a t e d K S I co l l i s i o n s o c c u r r e d d u e t o hi t t i n g f i x e d o b j e c t s o r w e r e he a d o n c o l l i s i o n s . ń Al l of t h e c o l l i s i o n s o c c u r r e d al o n g t h e r o a d w a y ń Pr i m a r y c o l l i s i o n f a c t o r w a s ei t h e r v e h i c l e c o d e v i o l a t i o n o r fa l l i n g a s l e e p w h i l e d r i v i n g 28 0 28 0 28 0 85 85 3U R I L O H     ' U L Y L Q J  8 Q G H U  , Q I O X H Q F H /( * ( 1 ' +L J K  , Q M X U \  1 H W Z R U N 0D M R U  5 R D G V 2W K H U  5 R D G V &L W \  R I  & X S H U W L Q R  % R X Q G D U \ '8 ,  & R O O L V L R Q V 0R W R U  0 R W R U  . 6 ,  & R O O L V L R Q V 2W K H U  . 6 ,  & R O O L V L R Q V DE ANZA DE ANZA PORTAL BLANEY JOHNSON WH E A T O N HO M E S T E A D L O R E E PE P P E R T R E E AC A D I A STELLING BUBB FOOTHILL MILLER BO L L I N G E R WOLFE TANTAU ST E V E N S C R E E K AL C A L D E RIV E R S I D E LINDA VISTA SANTA TERESA MC C L E L L A N DRAFTDDRA RRRRRRARARARARARARARARARARARARARARA AAAAAAAAARARARARA AAAAAAAAAAFAFAFAFAFAFAFAFAFAFAFAFAFAFAF FFF RAFT FTFTARAF FFFFAFT TFT RA FFTFTFAFTAF TFFFFF RAFT TTTTTTTFTT AFT FT 277 CC 07-09-2024 277 of 376 CU P E R T I N O V I S I O N Z E R O A C T I O N P L A N 56 BI C Y C L E C O L L I S I O N & AU T O M O B I L E R O W V I O L A T I O N PR O F I L E 8 Mo t o r i s t s d o n o t a l w a y s s e e bi c y c l i s t s , e v e n w h e n t h e bi c y c l i s t s i s “ d o i n g a l l t h e r i g h t th i n g s ” . R e d u c i n g v e h i c u l a r sp e e d s , m i n i m i z i n g c o n f l i c t po i n t s , a n d p r o v i d i n g p h y s i c a l ch a n g e s t o t h e r o a d w a y t o pr o m o t e s a f e r c h o i c e s c a n r e d u c e ri g h t o f w a y v i o l a t i o n s . PR O T E C T E D B I K E W A Y S Se g r e g a t e d l a n e s s h i e l d e d b y f l e x i b l e p o s t s , pa r k e d c a r s , a n d p l a n t e r s f o r s a f e b i c y c l e tr a v e l s e p a r a t e f r o m v e h i c l e t r a f f i c . EF F I C A C Y : CO S T : CO M P L E X I T Y : TW O - S T A G E B I C Y C L E T U R N B O X Of f e r s b i c y c l i s t s a m u l t i - s t a g e p r o c e s s t o sa f e l y a n d m o r e v i s i b l y m a k e a l e f t t u r n EF F I C A C Y : CO S T : CO M P L E X I T Y : RA I S E D M E D I A N S Pr o v i d e s a p h y s i c a l b a r r i e r b e t w e e n o p p o s i n g tr a f f i c l a n e s a n d r e s t r i c t s i l l e g a l t u r n s a n d he l p s r e d u c e c o l l i s i o n s EF F I C A C Y : CO S T : CO M P L E X I T Y : RO U N D A B O U T S Pr o v e n s a f e t y c o u n t e r m e a s u r e t h a t r e d u c e s sp e e d s a n d c r a s h p o t e n t i a l w h i l e b e t t e r se r v i n g a l l r o a d w a y u s e r s EF F I C A C Y : CO S T : CO M P L E X I T Y : RE D L I G H T V I O L A T I O N C A M E R A S Us e d t o a u t o m a t e e n f o r c e m e n t e f f o r t s i n lo c a t i o n s w h e r e t r a f f i c s t o p s v i o l a t i o n s o c c u r EF F I C A C Y : CO S T : CO M P L E X I T Y : FA C T O R S S T A T S MO D E S KS I C R A S H E S ń Ac c o u n t s f o r 7% (6 c o l l i s i o n s ) o f al l K S I c o l l i s i o n s ń 22 % ( 6 c o l l i s i o n s ) o f K S I co l l i s i o n s i n v o l v i n g b i c y c l i s t s 6ń Ha l f o f t h e c o l l i s i o n s o c c u r r e d du e t o v e h i c l e i n t e n d i n g t o tu r n le f t o r c o m p l e t e a U- t u r n o n a ro a d w a y ń An o t h e r h a l f o f t h e c o l l i s i o n s oc c u r r e d d u e t o ru n n i n g a r e d li g h t o r fa i l i n g t o s t o p a t t h e li m i t l i n e 28 0 28 0 85 85 Pr o f i l e 8 : B i c y c l e C o l l i s i o n & A u t o m o b i l e R o w V i o l a t i o n 28 0 LE G E N D +L J K  , Q M X U \  1 H W Z R U N 0D M R U  5 R D G V 2W K H U  5 R D G V &L W \  R I  & X S H U W L Q R  % R X Q G D U \ Co l l i s i o n s b y A u t o m o b i l e R O W V i o l a t i o n %L N H  0 R W R U  . 6 ,  & R O O L V L R Q V 2W K H U  . 6 ,  & R O O L V L R Q V DE ANZA DE ANZA PORTAL BLANEY JOHNSON WH E A T O N HO M E S T E A D L O R E E PE P P E R T R E E AC A D I A STELLING BUBB FOOTHILL MILLER BO L L I N G E R WOLFE TANTAU ST E V E N S C R E E K AL C A L D E RIV E R S I D E LINDA VISTA SANTA TERESA MC C L E L L A N DRAFTDDRA RRRRRARARARARARARA AAAAAAARARARARA AAAAAAAAAAAFAFAFAFAFAFAFAFAFAFAFAF FFFFF RAFT FTAF RAF FFFFFAFT TFTAFFFTFFAFTAF TTFFFFFF RAFT FTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTFTTTTFTT AFT FT 278 CC 07-09-2024 278 of 376 CU P E R T I N O V I S I O N Z E R O A C T I O N P L A N 58 CO L L I S I O N S N E A R T R A N S I T ST O P S PR O F I L E 9 PR O T E C T E D B I K E W A Y S 6H J U H J D W H G  O D Q H V  V K L H O G H G  E \  I O H [ L E O H  S R V W V   SD U N H G  F D U V   D Q G  S O D Q W H U V  I R U  V D I H  E L F \ F O H  WU D Y H O  V H S D U D W H  I U R P  Y H K L F O H  W U D I I L F  EF F I C A C Y : CO S T : CO M P L E X I T Y : PE D E S T R I A N H Y B R I D B E A C O N :D U Q  D Q G  F R Q W U R O  W U D I I L F  D W  X Q V L J Q D O L ] H G  LQ W H U V H F W L R Q V  Z K L O H  S U R Y L G L Q J  L Q V W D Q W D Q H R X V  VH U Y L F H  Z L W K  O H V V  G H O D \ EF F I C A C Y : CO S T : CO M P L E X I T Y : RE C T A N G U L A R R A P I D F L A S H I N G B E A C O N 2I I H U V  S H G H V W U L D Q V  D Q G  E L F \ F O L V W V  D  F O H D U  S D W K  WR  F U R V V  W K H  V W U H H W  P R U H  V D I H O \  EF F I C A C Y : CO S T : CO M P L E X I T Y : MA R K E D C R O S S W A L K S (I I H F W L Y H O \  G H F U H D V H  W K H  R F F X U U H Q F H  R I  FR O O L V L R Q V  D O R Q J  K L J K  U L V N  F R U U L G R U V  EF F I C A C Y : CO S T : CO M P L E X I T Y : 7K H  O D \ R X W  R I  V L G H Z D O N V   D Q G  W U D Q V L W  V W R S V  L P S D F W V  K R Z  SD V V H Q J H U V  D Q G  S H G H V W U L D Q V  S H U F H L Y H  V D I H W \  Z K L O H  D F F H V V L Q J  WU D Q V L W   : H O O  F R Q Q H F W H G  V L G H Z D O N V  V K R X O G  E H  D  V W D Q G D U G  I H D W X U H  LQ  D U H D V  Z L W K  U H J X O D U  W U D Q V L W  V H U Y L F H   S U H Y H Q W L Q J  W U D Y H O H U V  I U R P QH H G L Q J  W R  Z D O N  R Q  U R D G V  W R  U H D F K  V W R S V   7 U D Q V L W  V W R S V  V K R X O G  EH  G H V L J Q H G  W R  P D N H  E R D U G L Q J  D Q G  D O L J K W L Q J  H D V \  D Q G  V D I H  I R U  SD V V H Q J H U V  R I  D O O  D E L O L W L H V   7 U D Q V L W  D J H Q F L H V  F R X O G  F R Q V L G H U  WU D Q V L W L R Q L Q J  W R  I D U  V L G H  E X V  V W R S V  W R  L P S U R Y H  V D I H W \  D W  V W U H H W  FU R V V L Q J V  I R U  S H G H V W U L D Q V  D F F H V V L Q J  W U D Q V L W  D W  H D F K  V W R S  FA C T O R S S T A T S MO D E S KS I C R A S H E S ń 13 % R I  . 6 ,  F R O O L V L R Q V  R F F X U  ZL W K L Q      I W   R I  W U D Q V L W  V W R S V  1212 ń 65 % R I  D O O  . 6 ,  F R O O L V L R Q V  RF F X U U H G  Z L W K L Q  D  T X D U W H U  P L O H  R I  D E X V  V W R S  ń 35 % R I  D O O  . 6 ,  F R O O L V L R Q V  Z L W K L Q  WK H  T X D U W H U   P L O H  E X I I H U  Z H U H  YH K L F O H  S H G H V W U L D Q  F R O O L V L R Q V ń 67 % o f f a t a l i t i e s RF F X U U H G  ZL W K L Q  D  T X D U W H U  P L O H  E X I I H U  R I  D  EX V  V W R S  ń 2 C o l l i s i o n s LQ Y R O Y L Q J  E X V H V  OH D G  W R  V H U L R X V  L Q M X U L H V ń 9% RI  W K H  F R O O L V L R Q V  R F F X U U H G  GX H  W R  S H G H V W U L D Q  F U R V V L Q J  Q R W  LQ  F U R V V Z D O N  ń 15 % RI  W K H  F R O O L V L R Q V  R F F X U U H G  GX H  W R  V S H H G L Q J 28 0 28 0 28 0 85 85 DE ANZA DE ANZA PORTAL BLANEY JOHNSON WH E A T O N HO M E S T E A D L O R E E SYCAMO R E PE P P E R T R E E AC A D I A STELLING BUBB FOOTHILL MILLER BO L L I N G E R WOLFE TANTAU ST E V E N S C R E E K AL C A L D E RIV E R S I D E LINDA VISTA SANTA TERESA MC C L E L L A N 3U R I L O H     & R O O L V L R Q V  1 H D U  7 U D Q V L W  6 W R S V Co l l i s i o n s N e a r T r a n s i t S t o p s 0R W R U  0 R W R U  . 6 ,  & R O O L V L R Q 3H G H V W U L D Q  0 R W R U  . 6 ,  & R O O L V L R Q %L N H  0 R W R U  . 6 ,  & R O O L V L R Q 2W K H U  . 6 ,  & R O O L V L R Q V /( * ( 1 ' 7U D Q V L W  6 W R S )X Q F W L R Q D O  % X I I H U 4X D U W H U  0 L O H  % X I I H U +L J K  , Q M X U \  1 H W Z R U N 0D M R U  5 R D G V 2W K H U  5 R D G V &L W \  R I  & X S H U W L Q R  % R X Q G D U \ DRAFDDRA RRRRARARA AARARA AAAAAFAFAFAFAFAFAFRARARARARARAFRARA AAFAFAFAFAFAFAFAF FFFF RAFT FTARAF FFFAFT TFT RA FTFTAFTAF FFFFFFFFFFFFTFTFTFTTTT RAFT FFTFTTFTFTFTTTTTFTFTTFTFTTTTTTTT AFT 279 CC 07-09-2024 279 of 376 CHAPTER 3 - ACTIONPLAN CUPERTINO VISION ZERO ACTION PLAN 280 CC 07-09-2024 280 of 376 CUPERTINO VISION ZERO ACTION PLAN 61 CITY OF CUPERTINO ACTION PLAN Leveraging the comprehensive framework of its Vision Zero Action Plan, the City of Cupertino is strategically positioning itself to synchronize future initiatives, including the Active Transportation Plan, Bicycle Plan, Safe Routes to School Plan and other planning documents. By identifying key corridors as high priority within the Vision Zero framework, Cupertino ensures that these vital thoroughfares serve as focal points for cohesive and synergistic safety enhancements across YDULRXV SODQQLQJ GRFXPHQWV 7KLV DSSURDFK QRW RQO\ VWUHDPOLQHV HරRUWV EXW DOVR PD[LPL]HV resources, enabling the city to address safety concerns systematically and comprehensively. As Cupertino commits to reducing fatalities and severe injuries, Vision Zero emerges as the guiding FRPSDVVVWHHULQJWKHFROOHFWLYHHරRUWVRIPXOWLSOHSODQVWRZDUGVDVKDUHGYLVLRQRIVDIHUVWUHHWV and enhanced mobility for all. PRIORITY CORRIDORS The City of Cupertino is focused on prioritizing the following eight corridors along the High Injury Network (HIN): • Stevens Creek Boulevard • Homestead Road • McClellan Road • De Anza Boulevard • Stelling Road • Wolfe Road/Miller Avenue • Bollinger Road • Blaney Avenue 7KHIROORZLQJVHFWLRQVGHWDLOWKHFXUUHQWSODQQLQJHරRUWVDQGDGGLWLRQDOUHFRPPHQGDWLRQVWKDW the City could look into for the High Injury Network corridors. While it is essential to acknowledge WKDWDOOVWUHHWVDUHVLJQLÀFDQWWKH&LW\PXVWVWDUWVRPHZKHUHDQGWKHVHSULRULW\FRUULGRUVKDYH EHHQKLVWRULFDOO\NQRZQIRUIUHTXHQWFROOLVLRQVDQGKHDYLO\LQÁXHQFHGE\VWDNHKROGHUDQGSXEOLF feedback regarding safety concerns. These recommended projects were chosen based on the SUHYLRXVO\ FRPSOHWHG FROOLVLRQ DQDO\VLV ZKLFK ZDV XVHG WR GHWHUPLQH FROOLVLRQ SURÀOHV WKDW were found to be leading factors of fatal and severe collisions in Cupertino. The recommended countermeasures are for high-risk intersections and roadway segments along the priority corridors. $OOFRXQWHUPHDVXUHVZHUHLGHQWLÀHGEDVHGRQWKHWHFKQLFDOWHDPV·DVVHVVPHQWRIYLDELOLW\ZKLFK FRQVLVWHGRIH[WHQVLYHDQDO\VLVREVHUYDWLRQVFLW\VWDරLQSXWDQGVWDNHKROGHUFRPPXQLW\LQSXW and are the most applicable and appropriate countermeasures that can make high-injury locations safer. The success of these recommended projects should be evaluated after project completion by the Vision Zero Task Force with respect to the appropriate progress measures outlined in the Action Plan and according to the Task Force work plan. DR A F T d cod co o emergeso eme VKDUHGYLVLRQRIVKDUHG e following eight corridors along thollowing eight cor iller AAvenuevenuAAA RoadRoad ey Avenueey Aven ROORZLQJROORZL VHFWLRQVGHWDLOWKHFXUUHWDLOWKHFXUU y could look into for the Higy could look into for the HHWVDUHVLJQLÀFDQWWHHWVDUHVLJQLÀFDQW DOO\NQRZQIRUIDOO\NQRZQIRU ing safeting safet HGHG 281 CC 07-09-2024 281 of 376 CU P E R T I N O V I S I O N Z E R O A C T I O N P L A N 62 1 Re c o m m e n d e d P r o j e c t ST E V E N S C R E E K B O U L E V A R D Th e S t e v e n s C r e e k B o u l e v a r d C o r r i d o r i s a m a j o r ce n t e r f o r h e a l t h , e d u c a t i o n , t h e t e c h i n d u s t r y , sh o p p i n g , a n d h o u s i n g , e x p e r i e n c i n g s i g n i f i c a n t gr o w t h i n c o m m e r c i a l a n d r e s i d e n t i a l l a n d u s e s . T h e bo u l e v a r d i t s e l f i s p r i m a r i l y a s i x - l a n e d i v i d e d ar t e r i a l r o a d w a y w i t h a u x i l i a r y t u r n l a n e s a t m a j o r in t e r s e c t i o n s , c o m p l e m e n t e d b y a C l a s s I V b i k e w a y be t w e e n W o l f e R o a d a n d T a n t a u R o a d . T h e s p e e d li m i t i s 3 5 m p h . F r o m 2 0 1 2 a n d 2 0 2 1 , t h e c o r r i d o r re p o r t e d a t o t a l o f 2 6 0 i n j u r y c o l l i s i o n s , i n c l u d i n g 1 6 se v e r e i n j u r i e s . U n s a f e s p e e d i n g w a s a c o m m o n fa c t o r l e a d i n g t o t h e s e s e v e r e i n j u r i e s , f o l l o w e d b y tr a f f i c s i g n a l s a n d s i g n v i o l a t i o n s . HI G H I N J U R Y I N T E R S E C T I O N S 1. B a n d l e y D r i v e 2. C u p e r t i n o R o a d 3. D e A n z a B o u l e v a r d 4. B l a n e y A v e n u e 5. S a i c h W a y 6. W o l f e R o a d 7. S t e l l i n g R o a d Th e C i t y o f C u p e r t i n o h a s p r o a c t i v e l y t a k e n m e a s u r e s t o p r i o r i t i z e t h i s c o r r i d o r a n d h a s b e g u n s e v e r a l im p r o v e m e n t s a l o n g t h i s h i g h - i n j u r y c o r r i d o r . Th e 2 0 1 6 B i c y c l e T r a n s p o r t a t i o n P l a n o f t h e C i t y o f C u p e r t i n o r e c o g n i z e s a n d p r i o r i t i z e s e n h a n c e m e n t s r e q u i r e d to i m p r o v e a n d a d v o c a t e f o r s a f e r b i c y c l e t r a n s p o r t a t i o n w i t h i n t h e c i t y . O n e o f t h e p r i o r i t i e s i s t h e n e e d f o r a se p a r a t e d C l a s s I V b i c y c l e l a n e a l o n g S t e v e n s C r e e k B o u l e v a r d . P h a s e 1 , c o m p l e t e d i n J a n u a r y 2 0 2 1 b e t w e e n Wo l f e R o a d a n d T a n t a u A v e n u e , m a r k e d a c r u c i a l m i l e s t o n e . M o v i n g f o r w a r d , P h a s e 2 c o m p l e t e d d e s i g n i n wi n t e r 2 0 2 3 , c o v e r i n g t h e s e g m e n t f r o m W o l f e R o a d t o M a r y A v e n u e . D u e t o t h e c o r r i d o r ' s l e n g t h , t h e p r o j e c t i s di v i d e d i n t o t w o p h a s e s : P h a s e 2 A , f o c u s e d o n c r e a t i n g a C l a s s I V s e p a r a t e d b i k e w a y o n b o t h s i d e s o f S t e v e n s Cr e e k B o u l e v a r d f r o m W o l f e R o a d t o D e A n z a B o u l e v a r d , a n d P h a s e 2 B , e x t e n d i n g t h e b i k e w a y f r o m D e A n z a Bo u l e v a r d t o M a r y A v e n u e . N o t a b l y , t h e S t e v e n s C r e e k B o u l e v a r d C l a s s I V B i k e w a y s t a n d s o u t a s a k e y p r i o r i t y i n th e o v e r a l l b i c y c l e t r a n s p o r t a t i o n p l a n . Th e C i t y o f C u p e r t i n o i s a l s o i n t h e d e s i g n p h a s e f o r i n t e r s e c t i o n i m p r o v e m e n t s a t t h e n o r t h b o u n d S t a t e R o u t e 85 o n - r a m p , w h i c h i n c l u d e s e l i m i n a t i o n o f t h e h i g h s p e e d f r e e r i g h t t u r n l a n e a n d p r o v i d i n g a p r o t e c t e d pe d e s t r i a n a n d b i c y c l e c r o s s i n g o n t h e o n - r a m p . Th e C i t y o f C u p e r t i n o i s c u r r e n t l y i n v o l v e d i n a m u l t i - j u r i s d i c t i o n a l s t u d y t o c r e a t e a s h a r e d v i s i o n f o r t h e f u t u r e of t h e S t e v e n s C r e e k B o u l e v a r d C o r r i d o r . CI T Y O F C U P E R T I N O - P L A N N E D P R O J E C T S CH A R A C T E R I S T I C S Bo l l i n g e r R d . & W u n d e r l i c h D r . I n t e r s e c t i o n 27 % Sp e e d Re l a t e d Co l l i s i o n s 70 Co l l i s i o n s 27 % Br o a d s i d e Co l l i s i o n s 71 Co l l i s i o n s 56 % Si g n a l i z e d In t e r s e c t i o n s 14 5 Co l l i s i o n s 18 % Tr a f f i c S i g n a l an d S i g n Vi o l a t i o n 46 Co l l i s i o n s 26 0 In j u r y Co l l i s i o n s 37 57 16 6 16 KS I C o l l i s i o n s 4 6 6 CO L L I S I O N S T A T I S T I C S ( 2 0 1 2 - 2 0 2 1 ) CO L L I S I O N S T A T I S T I C S ( 2 0 1 2 - 2 0 2 1 ) CO L L I S I O N T R E N D S RE C O M M E N D A T I O N S ST E V E N S C R E E K B O U L E V A R D • L e a d i n g P e d e s t r i a n I n t e r v a l s ( L P I ) • S i g n a l H e a d a n d E q u i p m e n t U p g r a d e s • I m p r o v e S i g n a l T i m i n g • A d v a n c e d D i l e m m a Z o n e f o r H i g h Sp e e d A p p r o a c h e s • C o n v e r t P e d e s t a l M o u n t e d S i g n a l t o Ma s t A r m • I n s t a l l R a i s e d P a v e m e n t M a r k e r s a n d St r i p i n g • P e d e s t r i a n R e f u g e I s l a n d s • N o R i g h t T u r n o n R e d • L e a d i n g P e d e s t r i a n I n t e r v a l • I n c r e a s e S i z e a n d R e f l e c t i v i t y o f S i g n s • B a c k - P l a t e s W i t h R e t r o r e f l e c t i v e B o r d e r s IN T E R S E C T I O N IM P R O V E M E N T S SI G N A G E IM P R O V E M E N T S OT H E R • M e d i a n F e n c i n g • T r a n s i t I s l a n d s Ci t y o f C u p e r t i n o - P r o j e c t s i n C o n c e p t , P l a n n i n g , D e s i g n o r Co n s t r u c t i o n P h a s e . D e t a i l s o f t h e p r o j e c t s a n d c u r r e n t st a t u s c a n b e f o u n d o n t h e C i t y o f C u p e r t i n o ’ s w e b s i t e Ki l l e d o r S e v e r e l y I n j u r e d ST E V E N S C R E E K DE ANZA BLANEY STELLING WOLFE BANDLEY SAICH CU P E R T I N O ST E V E N S C R E E K 85 LE G E N D Mo t o r K S I * Bi k e K S I * Pe d K S I * No n - K S I * • C l a s s I V S e p a r a t e d B i c y c l e F a c i l i t y • B i k e B o x e s • B i c y c l e S i g n a l • B i k e D e t e c t i o n S y s t e m s • G r e e n P a v e m e n t M a r k i n g i n C o n f l i c t Zo n e BI C Y C L E S A F E T Y IM P R O V E M E N T S • D y n a m i c / V a r i a b l e S p e e d W a r n i n g S i g n s • P a v e m e n t F r i c t i o n I m p r o v e m e n t u s i n g Hi g h F r i c t i o n S u r f a c e T r e a t m e n t ( H F S T ) • S p e e d L i m i t R e d u c t i o n - A B 4 3 • T u r n C a l m i n g P r o g r a m • A u t o m a t e d S p e e d E n f o r c e m e n t ( w h e r e pe r m i t t e d ) • R e d u c e d S p e e d S c h o o l Z o n e s SP E E D S A F E T Y IM P R O V E M E N T S ON G O I N G C I T Y E F F O R T S A N D R E C O M M E N D A T I O N S DRAF n n i n n i n oj e c t i s oj e c t i s f S t e v e n s f S t e v e m D e A n z a m D e pr i o r i t y i n pr i o r i t y te te RRRRRAFRAF 26 0 2 In j u r y Co l l i s i o RARA ARARARARARARARARA3775716 6 16 6 1 KSKSFAFAF SI O N S T A T I S T I C S ( 2 0 RDR AFTFAF FFFTAFTAFAFT FTFTAFT FTFTAF TFTTTFFFTTFFTFTFTFTTFTFTFTTTFTFTFTTTTTFTFTTFTFTFTTFTTFFFFTFFTFTFFTFTTFTTFTFFFTFTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTT AFTMo t o r K S I *AFAF TTFTFTAF 282 CC 07-09-2024 282 of 376 CU P E R T I N O V I S I O N Z E R O A C T I O N P L A N 64 2 Re c o m m e n d e d P r o j e c t HO M E S T E A D R O A D Ho m e s t e a d R o a d i s a n e a s t - w e s t a r t e r i a l a t t h e no r t h e r n m o s t b o r d e r o f t h e c i t y . T h e r o a d w a y i t s e l f is a f o u r - l a n e d i v i d e d a n d u n d i v i d e d r o a d w a y w i t h au x i l i a r y t u r n l a n e s a t m a j o r i n t e r s e c t i o n s , co m p l e m e n t e d b y a C l a s s I I b i k e w a y o n b o t h s i d e . Th e s p e e d l i m i t i s 3 5 m p h . F r o m 2 0 1 2 t o 2 0 2 1 , t h e co r r i d o r d o c u m e n t e d a t o t a l o f 1 0 7 i n j u r y c o l l i s i o n s , in c l u d i n g 1 2 K S I c o l l i s i o n s , w i t h t w o o f t h e m re s u l t i n g i n f a t a l i t i e s . P r o m i n e n t f a c t o r s co n t r i b u t i n g t o t h e s e K S I c o l l i s i o n s w e r e v i o l a t i o n s of a u t o m o b i l e r i g h t - o f - w a y a n d i m p r o p e r t u r n i n g , wi t h u n s a f e s p e e d c l o s e l y f o l l o w i n g a s a n o t h e r si g n i f i c a n t c o n t r i b u t o r . HI G H I N J U R Y I N T E R S E C T I O N S 1. D e A n z a B o u l e v a r d 2. O n t a r i o D r 3. Q u a i l A v e 4. B l u e J a y D r 5. W o l f e A v e n u e Ho m e s t e a d R o a d f u n c t i o n s a s a c r u c i a l e a s t - w e s t c o r r i d o r , w i t h j u r i s d i c t i o n s h a r e d w i t h t h e c i t i e s o f S u n n y v a l e an d L o s A l t o s . T h e s e g m e n t b e t w e e n N . S t e l l i n g R o a d / H o l l e n b e c k A v e n u e a n d G r a n t R o a d n o t o n l y s e r v e s a s a vi t a l r e g i o n a l c o n n e c t i o n b u t a l s o f u n c t i o n s a s a l o c a l l i n k f o r t h r e e p u b l i c s c h o o l s : W e s t V a l l e y E l e m e n t a r y Sc h o o l , C u p e r t i n o M i d d l e S c h o o l , a n d H o m e s t e a d H i g h S c h o o l . I n 2 0 1 9 , t h e C o u n t y o f S a n t a C l a r a , i n co l l a b o r a t i o n w i t h t h e C i t i e s o f L o s A l t o s , S u n n y v a l e , a n d C u p e r t i n o , a l o n g w i t h t h e S a n t a C l a r a V a l l e y Tr a n s p o r t a t i o n A u t h o r i t y ( V T A ) a n d C a l t r a n s , i n i t i a t e d t h e H o m e s t e a d R o a d S a f e R o u t e s t o S c h o o l p r o j e c t . T h e go a l w a s t o i d e n t i f y a n d i m p l e m e n t l o n g - t e r m e n h a n c e m e n t s w i t h i n t h e s t u d y a r e a t o e n s u r e s e c u r e a c c e s s t o sc h o o l s a l o n g t h e c o r r i d o r . T h e s e i m p r o v e m e n t s p r i m a r i l y f o c u s o n d e v e l o p i n g i n f r a s t r u c t u r e t h a t s u p p o r t s mu l t i m o d a l a c c e s s f o r i n d i v i d u a l s o f a l l a g e s a n d a b i l i t i e s . T h e s c o p e i n c l u d e d t e n i n t e r s e c t i o n s a l o n g t h e co r r i d o r . T h e i m p r o v e m e n t s i n c l u d e : 1. P e d e s t r i a n E n h a n c e m e n t s : W i d e n i n g s i d e w a l k s , c l o s i n g g a p s , m o d i f y i n g o n - r a m p a l i g n m e n t s , i n s t a l l i n g AD A - c o m p l i a n t r a m p s , h i g h - v i s i b i l i t y c r o s s w a l k s , a n d r e c o n f i g u r i n g i n t e r s e c t i o n s . 2. B i c y c l e I m p r o v e m e n t s : U p g r a d i n g l a n e s t o s e p a r a t e d b i k e w a y s , w i d e n i n g a n d e x t e n d i n g s h a r e d - u s e p a t h s , ad d i n g b i k e t u r n s / w a i t i n g s p a c e s , a n d m o d i f y i n g s i g n a l s f o r b e t t e r b i c y c l e d e t e c t i o n . 3. I n t e r s e c t i o n S i g n a l i z a t i o n : H o m e s t e a d R o a d a n d F a l l e n L e a f D r i v e i n t e r s e c t i o n w i l l b e s i g n a l i z e d f o r i m p r o v e d pe d e s t r i a n a n d c y c l i s t c r o s s i n g s . Th e p r o j e c t i s c u r r e n t l y i n t h e p r e l i m i n a r y d e s i g n a n d e n v i r o n m e n t a l c l e a r a n c e p h a s e s w i t h f i e l d d e s i g n a n d co n s t r u c t i o n p e n d i n g t h e i d e n t i f i c a t i o n o f f u n d i n g s o u r c e s . Th e C i t y h a s a l s o r e c e i v e d t h e H S I P f u n d i n g t o i n s t a l l H i g h F r i c t i o n S u r f a c e T r e a t m e n t ( H F S T ) o n H o m e s t e a d r o a d be t w e e n F a l l e n L e a f L a n e t o W o l f e R o a d . CI T Y O F C U P E R T I N O - P L A N N E D P R O J E C T S CH A R A C T E R I S T I C S Bo l l i n g e r R d . & W u n d e r l i c h D r . I n t e r s e c t i o n CO L L I S I O N S T A T I S T I C S ( 2 0 1 2 - 2 0 2 1 ) CO L L I S I O N S T A T I S T I C S ( 2 0 1 2 - 2 0 2 1 ) CO L L I S I O N T R E N D S RE C O M M E N D A T I O N S HO M E S T E A D R O A D • L e a d i n g P e d e s t r i a n I n t e r v a l s ( L P I ) • S i g n a l H e a d a n d E q u i p m e n t U p g r a d e s • I m p r o v e S i g n a l T i m i n g • N o R i g h t o n R e d • R e c o n f i g u r i n g I n t e r s e c t i o n s • H i g h V i s i b i l i t y C r o s s w a l k • S i g n a l i z a t i o n o f I n t e r s e c t i o n s ( F a l l e n L e a f D r . ) • A d v a n c e d D i l e m m a Z o n e f o r H i g h S p e e d Ap p r o a c h e s • C o n v e r t P e d e s t a l M o u n t e d S i g n a l t o M a s t A r m • I n s t a l l R a i s e d P a v e m e n t M a r k e r s a n d S t r i p i n g IN T E R S E C T I O N IM P R O V E M E N T S • D y n a m i c / V a r i a b l e S p e e d W a r n i n g S i g n s • P a v e m e n t F r i c t i o n I m p r o v e m e n t u s i n g Hi g h F r i c t i o n S u r f a c e T r e a t m e n t ( H F S T ) • S p e e d L i m i t R e d u c t i o n - A B 4 3 • T u r n C a l m i n g P r o g r a m • A u t o m a t e d S p e e d E n f o r c e m e n t ( w h e r e pe r m i t t e d ) • R e d u c e d S p e e d S c h o o l Z o n e s SP E E D S A F E T Y IM P R O V E M E N T S OT H E R • W i d e n i n g S i d e w a l k s a n d C l o s i n g G a p s • I n s t a l l i n g A D A C o m p l i a n t R a m p s 71 % In t e r s e c t i o n Co l l i s i o n s 76 Co l l i s i o n s 33 % Br o a d s i d e Co l l i s i o n s 35 Co l l i s i o n s 27 % Au t o m o b i l e RO W Vi o l a t i o n 29 Co l l i s i o n s 17 % Im p r o p e r Tu r n i n g s 18 Co l l i s i o n s 10 7 In j u r y Co l l i s i o n s 14 42 51 12 KS I C o l l i s i o n s 2 6 4 • C l a s s I V S e p a r a t e d B i c y c l e F a c i l i t y • B i k e B o x e s • B i c y c l e S i g n a l • B i k e D e t e c t i o n S y s t e m s • G r e e n P a v e m e n t M a r k i n g i n C o n f l i c t Zo n e BI C Y C L E S A F E T Y IM P R O V E M E N T S Ci t y o f C u p e r t i n o - P r o j e c t s i n C o n c e p t , P l a n n i n g , D e s i g n o r Co n s t r u c t i o n P h a s e . D e t a i l s o f t h e p r o j e c t s a n d c u r r e n t st a t u s c a n b e f o u n d o n t h e C i t y o f C u p e r t i n o ’ s w e b s i t e Ki l l e d o r S e v e r e l y I n j u r e d * • I n c r e a s e S i z e a n d R e f l e c t i v i t y o f S i g n s • B a c k - P l a t e s W i t h R e t r o r e f l e c t i v e B o r d e r s SI G N A G E IM P R O V E M E N T S HO M E S T E A D WOLFE DE ANZA BLUE JAY QUAIL ONTARIO LE G E N D Mo t o r K S I * Bi k e K S I * Pe d K S I * No n - K S I * ns t a l l i n g ns t a l l i n g -u s e p a t h s , -u s e p a pr o v e d pr o v e d AFAF SI O N S T A T I S T I C S ( 2 0 1 DRDRRRRRRRRRRRRAFRAF 10 7 1 In j u r y Co l l i s i o RARA ARARARARARARARARA144425151 1 KSKS AFAAAFAFAFAF FFAFAF FFAF FFAF FAFAFAFAF FAFAF FAAF FAFAF FFFAF FFFFFFFFTFTFTFTFTFTFTFTFTFTFTFTFTFTFTFTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTFTFTFTFTFTTTFTTFTTFTFTTTTFTFTFTFTFTTFTFFTTTFTTTTTTTTTTFTFTTTFTFTFTFTTFTFTTTTFTTFTTTFTTFFTFTFTFTFFTFFTFTTTTTTTFTTTTTTTFTFTFTTFTFFFFTFFFTFTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTT TSST OM ES OOMMOOM E S T TTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTT AFTMo t o r K S I *AFAF TTFTFTAF 283 CC 07-09-2024 283 of 376 CU P E R T I N O V I S I O N Z E R O A C T I O N P L A N 66 3 Re c o m m e n d e d P r o j e c t MC C L E L L A N R O A D Mc C l e l l a n R o a d i s a n e a s t - w e s t m i n o r c o l l e c t o r i n ce n t r a l C u p e r t i n o t h a t p r o v i d e s a c c e s s t o n u m e r o u s ed u c a t i o n a l i n s t i t u t i o n s : L i n c o l n E l e m e n t a r y S c h o o l , Mo n t a V i s t a H i g h S c h o o l , K e n n e d y E l e m e n t a r y Sc h o o l a n d D e A n z a C o l l e g e . T h e t w o - l a n e r o a d fe a t u r e s a c e n t e r t u r n l a n e a n d a C l a s s I V b i k e l a n e , pr o v i d i n g a p h y s i c a l s e p a r a t i o n b e t w e e n m o t o r ve h i c l e s a n d b i c y c l i s t s t h r o u g h c u r b s a n d mo u n t a b l e s t r i p s . T h e s p e e d l i m i t i s 3 0 m p h . Be t w e e n 2 0 1 2 a n d 2 0 2 1 , t h e c o r r i d o r e x p e r i e n c e d a to t a l o f 5 3 r e p o r t e d i n j u r y c o l l i s i o n s , i n c l u d i n g s i x KS I c o l l i s i o n s , w i t h f o u r i n v o l v i n g b i c y c l i s t s . P r i m a r y co n t r i b u t o r s t o t h e s e K S I c o l l i s i o n s w e r e a u t o m o b i l e ri g h t - o f - w a y v i o l a t i o n s , i m p r o p e r t u r n i n g , a n d un s a f e s p e e d i n g . T h e C i t y h a s b e e n a c t i v e l y im p l e m e n t i n g s a f e t y m e a s u r e s , w i t h r e c e n t im p r o v e m e n t s i n c l u d i n g C l a s s I V b i k e l a n e s a n d a pe d e s t r i a n s c r a m b l e a t t h e B u b b R o a d i n t e r s e c t i o n . HI G H I N J U R Y I N T E R S E C T I O N S 1. S e p t e m b e r D r i v e 2. B o n n y D r i v e 3. C l u b h o u s e L a n e 4. D e A n z a B o u l e v a r d Th e M c C l e l l a n R o a d S e p a r a t e d B i k e L a n e s P r o j e c t a i m s t o e n h a n c e s a f e t y f o r s t u d e n t s , f a m i l i e s , a n d r e s i d e n t s wh o c o m m u t e b y b i k e t o s c h o o l a n d w o r k . T h e p r o j e c t , i m p l e m e n t e d i n m u l t i p l e p h a s e s , f o c u s e s o n i n s t a l l i n g se p a r a t e d / C l a s s I V b i k e l a n e s a l o n g M c C l e l l a n R o a d a n d P a c i f i c a D r i v e f r o m B y r n e t o T o r r e A v e n u e s . P h a s e 1 , co m p l e t e d i n F e b r u a r y 2 0 2 0 , e s t a b l i s h e d s e p a r a t e d b i k e l a n e s o n M c C l e l l a n R o a d f r o m I m p e r i a l A v e n u e t o St e l l i n g R o a d . P h a s e 2 , f i n i s h e d i n A p r i l 2 0 2 1 , e x t e n d e d s e p a r a t e d b i k e l a n e s o n M c C l e l l a n R o a d f r o m S t e l l i n g Ro a d t o D e A z a B o u l e v a r d , a n d o n P a c i f i c a D r i v e f r o m D e A n z a B o u l e v a r d t o T o r r e A v e n u e . P h a s e 3 o f t h e Mc C l e l l a n R o a d S e p a r a t e d B i k e w a y s P r o j e c t w a s c o m p l e t e d i n J u n e 2 0 2 4 . Th e C i t y a l s o i n t r o d u c e d a p e d e s t r i a n s c r a m b l e a t M c C l e l l a n R o a d a n d B u b b R o a d i n e a r l y 2 0 2 3 t o i m p r o v e s a f e t y an d r e d u c e c o n g e s t i o n . P e d e s t r i a n s c a n c r o s s t w o l e g s d u r i n g t h e W A L K p h a s e , w h i l e c a r s c a n n o t t u r n r i g h t o n re d . D u r i n g t h e v e h i c l e g r e e n p h a s e s , c a r s c a n t u r n r i g h t , a n d p e d e s t r i a n s c a n n o t c r o s s . Th e C i t y r e c e i v e d a n H S I P C y c l e 1 1 g r a n t f o r t h e i m p l e m e n t a t i o n o f d y n a m i c / v a r i a b l e s p e e d w a r n i n g s i g n s a n d Hi g h F r i c t i o n S u r f a c e T r e a t m e n t ( H F S T ) o n M c C l e l l a n R o a d b e t w e e n I m p e r i a l A v e n u e t o S t e l l i n g R o a d . CI T Y O F C U P E R T I N O - P L A N N E D P R O J E C T S CH A R A C T E R I S T I C S Mc C l e l l a n R d . & B u b b R d . I n t e r s e c t i o n CO L L I S I O N S T A T I S T I C S ( 2 0 1 2 - 2 0 2 1 ) CO L L I S I O N S T A T I S T I C S ( 2 0 1 2 - 2 0 2 1 ) CO L L I S I O N T R E N D S RE C O M M E N D A T I O N S MC C L E L L A N R O A D • L e a d i n g P e d e s t r i a n I n t e r v a l s ( L P I ) • S i g n a l H e a d a n d E q u i p m e n t U p g r a d e s • P e d e s t r i a n R e f u g e I s l a n d • N o R i g h t o n R e d • I n c r e a s e S i z e a n d R e f l e c t i v i t y o f S i g n s • B a c k - P l a t e s W i t h R e t r o r e f l e c t i v e B o r d e r s IN T E R S E C T I O N IM P R O V E M E N T S SI G N A G E IM P R O V E M E N T S • D y n a m i c / V a r i a b l e S p e e d W a r n i n g S i g n s • P a v e m e n t F r i c t i o n I m p r o v e m e n t u s i n g Hi g h F r i c t i o n S u r f a c e T r e a t m e n t ( H F S T ) • S p e e d L i m i t R e d u c t i o n - A B 4 3 • T u r n C a l m i n g P r o g r a m • A u t o m a t e d S p e e d E n f o r c e m e n t ( w h e r e pe r m i t t e d ) OT H E R • C o n s i s t e n t l y m o n i t o r t h e e f f e c t i v e n e s s o f th e i m p l e m e n t e d s a f e t y m e a s u r e s , se r v i n g a s a m o d e l f o r o t h e r c o m p a r a b l e st r e e t s w i t h i n t h e c i t y . SP E E D S A F E T Y IM P R O V E M E N T S • C l a s s I V S e p a r a t e d B i c y c l e F a c i l i t y • B i k e B o x e s • B i c y c l e S i g n a l • B i k e D e t e c t i o n S y s t e m s • G r e e n P a v e m e n t M a r k i n g i n C o n f l i c t Zo n e BI C Y C L E S A F E T Y IM P R O V E M E N T S 25 % Im p r o p e r Tu r n i n g 13 Co l l i s i o n s 25 % Br o a d s i d e Co l l i s i o n s 13 Co l l i s i o n s 25 % Au t o m o b i l e RO W Vi o l a t i o n 13 Co l l i s i o n s 60 % Tr a f f i c S i g n a l an d S i g n Vi o l a t i o n 32 Co l l i s i o n s 53 In j u r y Co l l i s i o n s 5 24 24 6 KS I C o l l i s i o n s -4 2 Ci t y o f C u p e r t i n o - P r o j e c t s i n C o n c e p t , P l a n n i n g , D e s i g n o r Co n s t r u c t i o n P h a s e . D e t a i l s o f t h e p r o j e c t s a n d c u r r e n t st a t u s c a n b e f o u n d o n t h e C i t y o f C u p e r t i n o ’ s w e b s i t e Ki l l e d o r S e v e r e l y I n j u r e d * MC C L E L L A N DE ANZA BONNY STELLING CL U B H O U S E SEPTEMB E R 85 LE G E N D Mo t o r K S I * Bi k e K S I * Pe d K S I * No n - K S I * DRAF in g in g of t h e of t h e ro v e s a f e t y ro v e s a f ri g h t o n ri g h t o n AFAF SI O N S T A T I S T I C S ( 2 0 DRDRRRRRRRRRRRRAFRAF 535 In j u r y Co l l i s i o RARA ARARARARARARARARA5242424 KSKSFAF FFTFFTTFTFTFTFTTTFTFTFTFTFTFTTFTFTTFFTFTTFAFT TTT AFTMo t o r K S I *AFAF TTFTFTAF 284 CC 07-09-2024 284 of 376 CU P E R T I N O V I S I O N Z E R O A C T I O N P L A N 68 4 Re c o m m e n d e d P r o j e c t DE A N Z A B O U L E V A R D De A n z a B o u l e v a r d , t h e p r i m a r y n o r t h - s o u t h a r t e r i a l in C u p e r t i n o , i s a s i x - l a n e d i v i d e d r o a d w a y f e a t u r i n g Cl a s s I I b i c y c l e f a c i l i t i e s o n b o t h s i d e s . L i n e d w i t h co m m e r c i a l a n d r e t a i l l a n d u s e , t h e s p e e d l i m i t i s 4 0 mp h . F r o m 2 0 1 2 t o 2 0 2 1 , a t o t a l o f 2 1 1 i n j u r y co l l i s i o n s w e r e r e p o r t e d , i n c l u d i n g 1 1 K S I c o l l i s i o n s . Co n t r i b u t i n g f a c t o r s t o t h e s e 1 1 i n c i d e n t s i n c l u d e d vi o l a t i o n s s u c h a s t r a f f i c s i g n a l v i o l a t i o n s , pe d e s t r i a n v i o l a t i o n s , a n d p e d e s t r i a n r i g h t - o f - w a y vi o l a t i o n . HI G H I N J U R Y I N T E R S E C T I O N S 1. H o m e s t e a d R o a d 2. S t e v e n s C r e e k B o u l e v a r d 3. M a r i a n i A v e n u e 4. R o d r i g u e s A v e n u e 5. 1 - 2 8 0 N o r t h B o u n d O f f R a m p 6. I n f i n i t e L o o p 7. L a z a n e o D r i v e 8. M c C l e l l a n R o a d Th e i n t e r s e c t i o n o f D e A n z a a t M c C l e l l a n a n d P a c i f i c a , i s b e i n g u p g r a d e d a s p a r t o f P h a s e 3 o f t h e M c C l e l l a n Ro a d S e p a r a t e d B i k e L a n e s P r o j e c t . I d e n t i f i e d a s o n e o f t h e h i g h - i n j u r y i n t e r s e c t i o n s , t h e p l a n n e d c h a n g e s in c l u d e : 1. N e w p e d e s t r i a n c r o s s w a l k a c r o s s t h e s o u t h l e g o f t h e i n t e r s e c t i o n 2. S i g n a l u p g r a d e 3. A d d i n g s i g n a l t i m e t o f a c i l i t a t e b i c y c l e c r o s s i n g 4. I m p r o v i n g s i g n a g e a n d s t r i p i n g 5. A d d i n g c o n c r e t e b u f f e r s a t s e c t i o n s a p p r o a c h i n g t h e i n t e r s e c t i o n s Co n s t r u c t i o n b e g a n i n J a n u a r y 2 0 2 4 a n d i s e x p e c t e d t o b e c o m p l e t e s b y s u m m e r 2 0 2 4 . In t h e s u m m e r o f 2 0 2 4 , t h e c i t y w i l l b e a d d i n g a s t r i p e d b u f f e r t o p r o v i d e s e p a r a t i o n b e t w e e n t h e C l a s s I I b i k e la n e s a n d t h e v e h i c l e l a n e s b e t w e e n B o l l i n g e r R o a d a n d H o m e s t e a d R o a d . Th e C i t y r e c e i v e d t h e H S I P C y c l e 1 1 g r a n t t o i m p l e m e n t H i g h F r i c t i o n S u r f a c e T r e a t m e n t ( H F S T ) o n D e A n z a Bo u l e v a r d b e t w e e n P a c i f i c a R o a d t o H o m e s t e a d R o a d . CI T Y O F C U P E R T I N O - P L A N N E D P R O J E C T S CH A R A C T E R I S T I C S DE ANZA HO M E S T E A D RO D R I G U E S ST E V E N S C R E E K MC C L E L L A N LA Z A N E O MA R I A N I INFINITE LOOP DE ANZA MC C L E L L A N CO L L I S I O N S T A T I S T I C S ( 2 0 1 2 - 2 0 2 1 ) CO L L I S I O N S T A T I S T I C S ( 2 0 1 2 - 2 0 2 1 ) CO L L I S I O N T R E N D S RE C O M M E N D A T I O N S DE A N Z A B O U L E V A R D • L e a d i n g P e d e s t r i a n I n t e r v a l s ( L P I ) • S i g n a l H e a d a n d E q u i p m e n t U p g r a d e s • I m p r o v e S i g n a l T i m i n g • R e c o n f i g u r i n g I n t e r s e c t i o n s • H i g h V i s i b i l i t y C r o s s w a l k • A d v a n c e d D i l e m m a Z o n e f o r H i g h Sp e e d A p p r o a c h e s • C o n v e r t P e d e s t a l M o u n t e d S i g n a l t o Ma s t A r m • I n s t a l l R a i s e d P a v e m e n t M a r k e r s a n d St r i p i n g • P e d e s t r i a n R e f u g e I s l a n d s • N o R i g h t T u r n o n R e d • L e a d i n g P e d e s t r i a n I n t e r v a l • I n c r e a s e S i z e a n d R e f l e c t i v i t y o f S i g n s • B a c k - P l a t e s W i t h R e t r o r e f l e c t i v e B o r d e r s IN T E R S E C T I O N IM P R O V E M E N T S SI G N A G E IM P R O V E M E N T S • D y n a m i c / V a r i a b l e S p e e d W a r n i n g S i g n s • P a v e m e n t F r i c t i o n I m p r o v e m e n t u s i n g Hi g h F r i c t i o n S u r f a c e T r e a t m e n t ( H F S T ) • S p e e d L i m i t R e d u c t i o n - A B 4 3 • T u r n C a l m i n g P r o g r a m • A u t o m a t e d S p e e d E n f o r c e m e n t ( w h e r e pe r m i t t e d ) OT H E R • T r a n s i t I s l a n d s • S t u d y P o t e n t i a l L a n e N a r r o w i n g o r Re d u c t i o n SP E E D S A F E T Y IM P R O V E M E N T S 35 % Sp e e d Re l a t e d Co l l i s i o n s 74 Co l l i s i o n s 71 % Si g n a l i z e d In t e r s e c t i o n s 68 Co l l i s i o n s 37 % Re a r E n d Co l l i s i o n s 79 Co l l i s i o n s 17 % Au t o m o b i l e RO W Vi o l a t i o n 36 Co l l i s i o n s 21 1 In j u r y Co l l i s i o n s 19 37 15 5 11 KS I C o l l i s i o n s 5 2 4 • C l a s s I V S e p a r a t e d B i c y c l e F a c i l i t y • B i k e B o x e s • B i c y c l e S i g n a l • B i k e D e t e c t i o n S y s t e m s • G r e e n P a v e m e n t M a r k i n g i n C o n f l i c t Zo n e BI C Y C L E S A F E T Y IM P R O V E M E N T S Ci t y o f C u p e r t i n o - P r o j e c t s i n C o n c e p t , P l a n n i n g , D e s i g n o r Co n s t r u c t i o n P h a s e . D e t a i l s o f t h e p r o j e c t s a n d c u r r e n t st a t u s c a n b e f o u n d o n t h e C i t y o f C u p e r t i n o ’ s w e b s i t e Ki l l e d o r S e v e r e l y I n j u r e d * LE G E N D Mo t o r K S I * Bi k e K S I * Pe d K S I * No n - K S I * DRAFT bi k e bi k e on D e A n z a on D e T DRDRAFT TTTT RARA T AFAFRRARRRR TTTFAFAFAAFTFTFTFTFTFTAFAF TFTFFTTFTTTFFFF RARA AF DR TTTT RARRRRR FT RARARA AFAFRA AAFAFAFAFAAAAAFAFAAFAF FFAAFAFAAAFFAAAFAFAFAFAFAFAFAAFFAFAFAF FAFAF FFFFAFAF FFT AF NE O N AZ A A EO LA Z A EO LA Z A N F NNI FTNFINITTE LOLLOOOOOOOOOPOPPLOOP T 285 CC 07-09-2024 285 of 376 CU P E R T I N O V I S I O N Z E R O A C T I O N P L A N 70 5 Re c o m m e n d e d P r o j e c t ST E L L I N G R O A D St e l l i n g R o a d f u n c t i o n s a s a n o r t h - s o u t h c o l l e c t o r , wi t h t h e s e g m e n t b e t w e e n H o m e s t e a d R o a d a n d St e v e n s C r e e k B l v d . s e r v i n g a s a t w o - l a n e a n d a fo u r - l a n e m a j o r c o l l e c t o r , w i t h t h e s o u t h e r n p a r t tr a n s f o r m i n g i n t o a m i n o r c o l l e c t o r , c h a r a c t e r i z e d by a t w o - l a n e u n d i v i d e d r o a d w a y w i t h c e n t e r t u r n la n e s a t m a j o r i n t e r s e c t i o n s . T h e c o r r i d o r h a s bu f f e r e d C l a s s I I b i k e l a n e s o n b o t h s i d e s n o r t h o f Mc C l e l l a n R o a d , a n d a c o m b i n a t i o n o f b u f f e r e d a n d un b u f f e r e d s o u t h o f M c C l e l l a n R o a d . T h e s p e e d li m i t i s 3 0 m p h n o r t h o f A l v e s D r i v e , a n d 3 5 m p h so u t h o f A l v e s D r i v e . B e t w e e n 2 0 1 2 a n d 2 0 2 1 , a to t a l o f 7 6 i n j u r y c o l l i s i o n s w e r e r e p o r t e d , i n c l u d i n g 7 K S I c o l l i s i o n s . K e y c o n t r i b u t o r s t o t h e s e K S I in c i d e n t s w e r e i m p r o p e r t u r n i n g , p e d e s t r i a n ri g h t - o f - w a y v i o l a t i o n s , a n d p e d e s t r i a n c o d e vi o l a t i o n s . HI G H I N J U R Y I N T E R S E C T I O N S 1. P e p p e r T r e e L a n e 2. G r e e n l e a f D r i v e 3. H a z e l b r o o k D r i v e 4. S t e v e n s C r e e k B o u l e v a r d Re c o g n i z e d a s a m o n g t h e t o p t h r e e c o r r i d o r s w i t h t h e m o s t c o l l i s i o n s b a s e d o n t h e C u p e r t i n o B i c y c l e Tr a n s p o r t a t i o n P l a n ( 2 0 1 6 ) , t h e r e c o m m e n d a t i o n s u g g e s t s t r a n s f o r m i n g t h e e x i s t i n g b i k e l a n e s o n S t e l l i n g R o a d in t o a C l a s s I V s e p a r a t e d b i k e w a y . T h i s w o u l d i n v o l v e t h e r e c o n f i g u r a t i o n o f l a n e s , a n d , i n c e r t a i n a r e a s , t h e el i m i n a t i o n o f m e d i a n s . Th e S t e l l i n g R o a d c o r r i d o r h a s a l s o r e c e i v e d t h e H S I P ( C y c l e 1 1 ) f u n d i n g f o r t h e i n s t a l l a t i o n o f d y n a m i c / v a r i a b l e sp e e d w a r n i n g s i g n s a l o n g t h e c o r r i d o r b e t w e e n M c C l e l l a n R o a d t o P r o s p e c t R o a d . CI T Y O F C U P E R T I N O - P L A N N E D P R O J E C T S CH A R A C T E R I S T I C S Wo l f e R d . & G r e e n l e a f D r . I n t e r s e c t i o n • L e a d i n g P e d e s t r i a n I n t e r v a l s ( L P I ) • S i g n a l H e a d a n d E q u i p m e n t U p g r a d e s • I m p r o v e S i g n a l T i m i n g • F r e e - R i g h t T u r n R e m o v a l • R e c o n f i g u r i n g I n t e r s e c t i o n s • H i g h V i s i b i l i t y C r o s s w a l k • P e d e s t r i a n R e f u g e I s l a n d s • N o R i g h t T u r n o n R e d • L e a d i n g P e d e s t r i a n I n t e r v a l • I n c r e a s e S i z e a n d R e f l e c t i v i t y o f S i g n s • B a c k - P l a t e s W i t h R e t r o r e f l e c t i v e B o r d e r s IN T E R S E C T I O N IM P R O V E M E N T S SI G N A G E IM P R O V E M E N T S • C l a s s I V S e p a r a t e d B i c y c l e F a c i l i t y • B i k e B o x e s • B i c y c l e S i g n a l • B i k e D e t e c t i o n S y s t e m s • G r e e n P a v e m e n t M a r k i n g i n C o n f l i c t Zo n e BI C Y C L E S A F E T Y IM P R O V E M E N T S • D y n a m i c / V a r i a b l e S p e e d W a r n i n g S i g n s • P a v e m e n t F r i c t i o n I m p r o v e m e n t u s i n g Hi g h F r i c t i o n S u r f a c e T r e a t m e n t ( H F S T ) • S p e e d L i m i t R e d u c t i o n - A B 4 3 • T u r n C a l m i n g P r o g r a m • A u t o m a t e d S p e e d E n f o r c e m e n t ( w h e r e pe r m i t t e d ) • R e d u c e d S p e e d S c h o o l Z o n e s SP E E D S A F E T Y IM P R O V E M E N T S LE G E N D Mo t o r K S I * Bi k e K S I * Pe d K S I * No n - K S I * Ci t y o f C u p e r t i n o - P r o j e c t s i n C o n c e p t , P l a n n i n g , D e s i g n o r Co n s t r u c t i o n P h a s e . D e t a i l s o f t h e p r o j e c t s a n d c u r r e n t st a t u s c a n b e f o u n d o n t h e C i t y o f C u p e r t i n o ’ s w e b s i t e Ki l l e d o r S e v e r e l y I n j u r e d * HO M E S T E A D MC C L E L L A N ST E V E N S C R E E K GR E E N L E A F STELLING STELLINGSTELLING PE P P E R T R E E HA Z E L B R O O K DE ANZA 85 CO L L I S I O N S T A T I S T I C S ( 2 0 1 2 - 2 0 2 1 ) CO L L I S I O N S T A T I S T I C S ( 2 0 1 2 - 2 0 2 1 ) CO L L I S I O N T R E N D S RE C O M M E N D A T I O N S ST E L L I N G R O A D 25 % Sp e e d Re l a t e d Co l l i s i o n s 19 Co l l i s i o n s 21 % Br o a d s i d e Co l l i s i o n s 16 Co l l i s i o n s 25 % Re a r E n d Co l l i s i o n s 19 Co l l i s i o n s 17 % Im p r o p e r Tu r n i n g 13 Co l l i s i o n s 76 In j u r y Co l l i s i o n s 18 23 35 7 KS I C o l l i s i o n s 5 -2 DR va r i a b l e va r i a b l e TTT A TTFAAA TT A T RAFRADR FT RA AA T AF FTARA AF FAFTT RAF FAFAFA T RAFRAF T AFTFFTAFRA FTTFTAF FTT AF FFFARRARA AFARAF AAFAF DRDR F RDRRDRDR F RRA TTTT R FT RA ARA T RA AARAR T R FFFTFFTTTFTF RA ARARRA A TTTTTFTFT RA AAAA DDR TT ARRARA AAR T RRA ARRARARRR TTTTFTFT RARARARARARA TF RAAFRARRARRA DRRARDR A T AAAFT D FAF F RARA ARA FFAF FAFAFAFF RDRDR FAAF FTTTFFA T RAAFAF FFFTAFTAFT FTTFTT RA AFT FTFTAFAFAF FFAAAFFFFFAFAFAAFFFFFFAFAAAFAFAFAFAAAFAFAAAAAFAFAFAFAFAFAFAFAFAFAMCMC CAFEV E N S C R E E K EV TTST EN S C R E E K S EV E N S C R E E EV ST E V T FFAF AFSTSTELLING TR R T R R T ERERE EP P EP P PE P P E R T R T ERERE EP P EP P E PPPP R RR AFAFAFAF FFFFEEE TFF DRAFT T 286 CC 07-09-2024 286 of 376 CU P E R T I N O V I S I O N Z E R O A C T I O N P L A N 72 6 Re c o m m e n d e d P r o j e c t WO L F E R O A D / M I L L E R A V E N U E Wo l f e R o a d a n d M i l l e r A v e n u e a r e a c o n t i n u o u s no r t h - s o u t h c o r r i d o r . W o l f e R o a d s e r v e s a s a c r u c i a l no r t h - s o u t h a r t e r i a l w i t h a f o u r - l a n e a n d s i x - l a n e di v i d e d r o a d w a y . I t i n c o r p o r a t e s v a r i o u s s a f e t y me a s u r e s , i n c l u d i n g g r e e n - p a i n t e d b i k e l a n e s a n d hi g h - v i s i b i l i t y c r o s s w a l k s a t s o m e i n t e r s e c t i o n s . Mi l l e r A v e n u e i s a f o u r - l a n e d i v i d e d r o a d w a y w i t h no b i k e l a n e s a n d o n - s t r e e t p a r k i n g i n t h e p o r t i o n no r t h o f C a l l e d e B a r c e l o n a , b e c o m i n g a f o u r - l a n e un d i v i d e d r o a d w a y w i t h C l a s s I I b i k e l a n e s a n d on - s t r e e t p a r k i n g t o t h e s o u t h o f C a l l e d e B a r c e l o n a . Th e s p e e d l i m i t o n t h e c o r r i d o r i s 3 5 m p h . F r o m 20 1 2 t o 2 0 2 1 , a t o t a l o f 1 0 8 c o l l i s i o n s w e r e r e p o r t e d on t h i s c o r r i d o r . A m o n g t h e s e , 6 c o l l i s i o n s w e r e cl a s s i f i e d a s K S I c o l l i s i o n s . T h e l e a d i n g c a u s e s o f th e s e f a t a l a n d s e v e r e i n j u r i e s w e r e i d e n t i f i e d a s un s a f e s p e e d i n g , d r i v i n g / r i d i n g o n t h e w r o n g s i d e of t h e r o a d , i m p r o p e r t u r n i n g , a u t o m o b i l e ri g h t - o f - w a y v i o l a t i o n , a n d a D U I . HI G H I N J U R Y I N T E R S E C T I O N S Wo l f e R o a d 1. I - 2 8 0 N o r t h B o u n d R a m p 2. H o m e s t e a d R o a d 3. I - 2 8 0 N o r t h B o u n d O f f R a m p 4. S t e v e n s C r e e k B o u l e v a r d Mi l l e r A v e n u e 1. B o l l i n g e r R o a d 2. P h i l L a n e Th e 2 0 1 6 C u p e r t i n o B i c y c l e T r a n s p o r t a t i o n P l a n s u g g e s t s c o n d u c t i n g a s t u d y o n i m p l e m e n t i n g a b u f f e r e d b i k e la n e a l o n g t h e W o l f e R o a d c o r r i d o r f r o m H o m e s t e a d R o a d t o S t e v e n s C r e e k B o u l e v a r d . T h e s t u d y a d v o c a t e s f o r re c o n f i g u r i n g a n d r e m o v i n g m e d i a n s t o f a c i l i t a t e b u f f e r e d b i k e l a n e s w h i l e m i n i m i z i n g l a n e r e d u c t i o n . Th e I - 2 8 0 / W o l f e R o a d I n t e r c h a n g e I m p r o v e m e n t P r o j e c t , a c o l l a b o r a t i v e e f f o r t s b e t w e e n t h e S a n t a C l a r a V a l l e y Tr a n s p o r t a t i o n A u t h o r i t y ( V T A ) , t h e C i t y o f C u p e r t i n o , a n d C a l t r a n s , w i l l e n h a n c e t r a f f i c o p e r a t i o n s a n d e s t a b l i s h fa c i l i t i e s t h a t s u p p o r t v a r i o u s m o d e s o f t r a n s p o r t a t i o n , s u c h a s b i c y c l e s , p e d e s t r i a n s , a n d h i g h - o c c u p a n c y ve h i c l e s . T h i s u n d e r t a k i n g a i m s t o i n c o r p o r a t e o f f - s t r e e t b i k e l a n e s , o n - s t r e e t p a i n t e d b i k e l a n e s a n d s i d e w a l k s , pe r p e n d i c u l a r c r o s s i n g s f o r c y c l i s t s a n d p e d e s t r i a n s a t o n - r a m p a n d o f f - r a m p s , s i g n a l i m p r o v e m e n t s , b i k e se n s o r s , a n d o t h e r s a f e t y m e a s u r e s . A d d i t i o n a l l y , t h e p r o j e c t e n t a i l s t h e i n s t a l l a t i o n o f n e w l i g h t i n g a n d la n d s c a p i n g , s i g n i f i c a n t l y e n h a n c i n g s a f e t y f o r b o t h b i c y c l i s t s a n d p e d e s t r i a n s a l o n g t h e c o r r i d o r . C o n s t r u c t i o n is a n t i c i p a t e d t o b e g i n i n 2 0 2 4 . Th e W o l f e R o a d c o r r i d o r h a s b e e n a w a r d e d t h e H S I P ( C y c l e 1 1 ) f u n d i n g f o r t h e i n s t a l l a t i o n o f H i g h F r i c t i o n Su r f a c e T r e a t m e n t ( H F S T ) o n W o l f e R o a d b e t w e e n H o m e s t e a d R o a d t o B o l l i n g e r R o a d a n d i n s t a l l a t i o n o f dy n a m i c / v a r i a b l e s p e e d w a r n i n g s i g n s o n M i l l e r A v e n u e b e t w e e n B o l l i n g e r R o a d a n d S o u t h C i t y B o u n d a r y . CI T Y O F C U P E R T I N O - P L A N N E D P R O J E C T S CH A R A C T E R I S T I C S WOLFE WOLFE MILLER MILLER HO M E S T E A D ST E V E N S C R E E K BO L L I N G E R LE G E N D Mo t o r K S I Bi k e K S I Pe d K S I No n - K S I CO L L I S I O N S T A T I S T I C S ( 2 0 1 2 - 2 0 2 1 ) CO L L I S I O N S T A T I S T I C S ( 2 0 1 2 - 2 0 2 1 ) CO L L I S I O N T R E N D S RE C O M M E N D A T I O N S WO L F E R O A D A N D M I L L E R A V E N U E 42 % Sp e e d Re l a t e d Co l l i s i o n s 49 Co l l i s i o n s 71 % Un s i g n a l i z e d In t e r s e c t i o n s 61 Co l l i s i o n s 47 % Re a r E n d Co l l i s i o n s 56 Co l l i s i o n s 17 % Tr a f f i c S i g n a l an d S i g n Vi o l a t i o n 15 Co l l i s i o n s 11 8 In j u r y Co l l i s i o n s 6 13 99 6 KS I * C o l l i s i o n s -2 4 • L e a d i n g P e d e s t r i a n I n t e r v a l s ( L P I ) • S i g n a l H e a d a n d E q u i p m e n t U p g r a d e s • I m p r o v e S i g n a l T i m i n g • F r e e - R i g h t T u r n R e m o v a l • H i g h V i s i b i l i t y C r o s s w a l k • P e d e s t r i a n R e f u g e I s l a n d s • N o R i g h t T u r n o n R e d • L e a d i n g P e d e s t r i a n I n t e r v a l • I n c r e a s e S i z e a n d R e f l e c t i v i t y o f S i g n s • B a c k - P l a t e s W i t h R e t r o r e f l e c t i v e B o r d e r s • U p g r a d i n g a n d I n s t a l l i n g A d d i t i o n a l Si g n a g e f o r T r a p L a n e s • C o n s i d e r D e l i n i a t o r s f o r T r a p L a n e s IN T E R S E C T I O N IM P R O V E M E N T S SI G N A G E IM P R O V E M E N T S • C l a s s I V S e p a r a t e d B i c y c l e F a c i l i t y • B i k e B o x e s • B i c y c l e S i g n a l • B i k e D e t e c t i o n S y s t e m s • G r e e n P a v e m e n t M a r k i n g i n C o n f l i c t Zo n e BI C Y C L E S A F E T Y IM P R O V E M E N T S • D y n a m i c / V a r i a b l e S p e e d W a r n i n g S i g n s • P a v e m e n t F r i c t i o n I m p r o v e m e n t u s i n g Hi g h F r i c t i o n S u r f a c e T r e a t m e n t ( H F S T ) • S p e e d L i m i t R e d u c t i o n - A B 4 3 • T u r n C a l m i n g P r o g r a m • A u t o m a t e d S p e e d E n f o r c e m e n t ( w h e r e pe r m i t t e d ) OT H E R • C o n s i d e r o v e r h e a d m a s t a r m w i t h s i g n s to i n f o r m d r i v e r s o f w h a t l a n e s t h e y sh o u l d b e i n a h e a d o f a p p r o a c h e s SP E E D S A F E T Y IM P R O V E M E N T S Ci t y o f C u p e r t i n o - P r o j e c t s i n C o n c e p t , Pl a n n i n g , D e s i g n o r C o n s t r u c t i o n P h a s e Ki l l e d o r S e v e r e l y I n j u r e d * DR al l e y al l e y ta b l i s h ta b l i s h cc u p a n c y cc u p a n s i d e w a l k s , s i d e w en t s , b i k e en t s , b i ng a n d ng a n d ti o n ti o n AFR F RA AF FF RARARARA AARARA FTF R FTFAF FFAFT FT RRARAF FTFFTFT RRRA AFAAFTAFAFTAFTRARARA FTFTFTFFAFT FTFFT RARA AAFAFAFRARA AAFAFRRARARARA FAAFTAAFAAAFAFAF FFFF RAAFF RRRARA FTFFFFFFT RARARRARARA AFAF FFAFAF FTFTFTFT R FFAARARARARARR FFFFFFFFFFTFTFFFFFFFTFFAFRARA AFAFAFAF FFFFAARARARARA AARARARARA AAAARRA FF RRRARARRAFAFAFAF FF RARA AFAFRARARARA FFFTFTFFFTFTFFAF FAFRARA AFRARARA ARARARA AARARA AAAAARAFRARRA ARA FAFAFAFRARARARADRDRRRRDRRRRRRARARRRRRRRARARRARARRARARRARARRRARARDRDRRADRRARRRRRRARADRRARADRDRRR TTTTFTFTFTFTFTFTTTFTTFTFTFFTFTTTFTFTFTFFTFTFTFTFTTTFFFAFWOWO RA E ST E V N ST E V E N FFFTTTT 287 CC 07-09-2024 287 of 376 CU P E R T I N O V I S I O N Z E R O A C T I O N P L A N 74 7 Re c o m m e n d e d P r o j e c t BO L L I N G E R R O A D Bo l l i n g e r R o a d i s a 2 . 0 - m i l e l o n g e a s t - w e s t m a j o r co l l e c t o r t h a t c o n n e c t s L a w r e n c e E x p r e s s w a y a n d De A n z a B o u l e v a r d , t w o m a j o r n o r t h - s o u t h a r t e r i a l s . Th e r o a d l i e s a l o n g t h e b o r d e r o f C u p e r t i n o a n d S a n Jo s e , w i t h C u p e r t i n o t o t h e n o r t h a n d S a n J o s e t o th e s o u t h . T h e r o a d f r o n t a g e i s p r i m a r i l y r e s i d e n t i a l an d i s h o m e t o f o u r n e a r b y e l e m e n t a r y s c h o o l s , Hy d e M i d d l e S c h o o l , a n d C u p e r t i n o H i g h S c h o o l . Bo l l i n g e r R o a d i s a f o u r - l a n e r o a d w a y w i t h t w o l a n e s in b o t h t h e e a s t b o u n d a n d w e s t b o u n d d i r e c t i o n s . Th e c o r r i d o r h a s C l a s s I I b i k e l a n e s o n b o t h s i d e s . On - s t r e e t p a r k i n g i s a v a i l a b l e a l o n g m o s t o f t h e co r r i d o r i n b o t h d i r e c t i o n s . T h e s p e e d l i m i t o n t h e ro a d w a y i s 3 5 m p h . T h e r e a r e a t o t a l o f 4 2 c o l l i s i o n s re p o r t e d b e t w e e n 2 0 1 2 a n d 2 0 2 1 w i t h 3 K S I co l l i s i o n s r e p o r t e d w i t h 2 f a t a l i t i e s . T h e p r i m a r y co l l i s i o n f a c t o r b e i n g p e d e s t r i a n c o d e v i o l a t i o n a n d dr i v i n g u n d e r t h e i n f l u e n c e . HI G H I N J U R Y I N T E R S E C T I O N S 1. M i l l e r A v e n u e 2. W u n d e r l i c h D r i v e 3. E s t a t e s D r i v e Th e C i t i e s o f C u p e r t i n o a n d S a n J o s e c o n d u c t e d a s a f e t y a n d o p e r a t i o n a l s t u d y o f t h e B o l l i n g e r R o a d C o r r i d o r i n 20 2 1 . T h i s p r o j e c t f o c u s e d o n e x a m i n i n g B o l l i n g e r R o a d t o i d e n t i f y i m p r o v e m e n t s t h a t w i l l e n h a n c e p e d e s t r i a n , bi c y c l e , m o t o r v e h i c l e , a n d t r a n s i t o p e r a t i o n s a n d s a f e t y . T h e s t u d y p r o p o s e d t w o a l t e r n a t i v e s t h a t r e f l e c t di f f e r e n t p r i o r i t i e s a n d s t r a t e g i e s f o r i m p r o v i n g t h e c o r r i d o r . A l t e r n a t i v e A i n v o l v e s a r o a d d i e t , w h e r e t h e r o a d wo u l d b e r e d u c e d t o o n e t r a v e l l a n e i n e a c h d i r e c t i o n , a l o n g w i t h t h e p r o v i s i o n o f a c e n t e r t w o - w a y l e f t t u r n l a n e . Al t e r n a t i v e B m a i n t a i n s t h e e x i s t i n g l a n e c o n f i g u r a t i o n w h i l e i m p l e m e n t i n g s p o t i m p r o v e m e n t s , p r i m a r i l y a t in t e r s e c t i o n s . S o m e o f t h e p r o p o s e d i m p r o v e m e n t s i n c l u d e : CI T Y O F C U P E R T I N O - P L A N N E D P R O J E C T S In 2 0 2 3 C u p e r t i n o w a s s u c c e s s f u l l y a w a r d e d a S a f e S t r e e t s 4 A l l g r a n t f r o m t h e U S D e p a r t m e n t o f T r a n s p o r t a t i o n , fo r t h e p u r p o s e o f p e r f o r m i n g a d e t a i l e d t r a f f i c a n a l y s i s o f t h e c o r r i d o r a n d d e v e l o p c o n c e p t u a l p l a n s t o co n s t r u c t t h e s e i m p r o v e m e n t s . Th e C i t y r e c e i v e d a H S I P ( C y c l e 1 1 ) g r a n t f o r t h e i n s t a l l a t i o n o f d y n a m i c / v a r i a b l e s p e e d w a r n i n g s i g n s a n d H i g h Fr i c t i o n S u r f a c e T r e a t m e n t ( H F S T ) o n B o l l i n g e r R o a d b e t w e e n L a w r e n c e E x p r e s s w a y t o D e A n z a B o u l e v a r d . 1. C l a s s I V S e p a r a t e d B i k e L a n e s 2. S p e e d F e e d b a c k S i g n a g e 3. H i g h - V i s i b i l i t y P e d e s t r i a n C r o s s i n g s 4. B i k e B o x e s 5. T w o - S t a g e T u r n Q u e u e B o x e s 6. C u r b R a d i i a n d F r e e - R i g h t T u r n R e m o v a l s 7. L e a d i n g P e d e s t r i a n I n t e r v a l s ( L P I ) 8. R e c t a n g u l a r R a p i d F l a s h i n g B e a c o n s ( R R F B ) 9. P e d e s t r i a n H y b r i d B e a c o n ( P H B ) 10 . T r a n s i t I s l a n d s CH A R A C T E R I S T I C S Bo l l i n g e r R d . & W u n d e r l i c h D r . I n t e r s e c t i o n BO L L I N G E R HYDE MILLER BLANEY JOHNS O N LANCER WUN D E R L I C H RIV E R S I D E ESTATES TANTAU ARLINGTONFARALLONE BO L L I N G E R B O L L I N G E R LE G E N D Mo t o r K S I * Bi k e K S I * Pe d K S I * No n - K S I * CO L L I S I O N S T A T I S T I C S ( 2 0 1 2 - 2 0 2 1 ) CO L L I S I O N S T A T I S T I C S ( 2 0 1 2 - 2 0 2 1 ) CO L L I S I O N T R E N D S RE C O M M E N D A T I O N S BO L L I N G E R R O A D C O R R I D O R • L e a d i n g P e d e s t r i a n I n t e r v a l s ( L P I ) • S i g n a l H e a d a n d E q u i p m e n t U p g r a d e s • I m p r o v e S i g n a l T i m i n g • C u r b R a d i i a n d F r e e - R i g h t T u r n R e m o v a l • R e c o n f i g u r i n g I n t e r s e c t i o n s • H i g h V i s i b i l i t y C r o s s w a l k • R e c t a n g u l a r R a p i d F l a s h i n g B e a c o n s (R R F B ) • S i g n a l i z a t i o n • P e d e s t r i a n R e f u g e I s l a n d s • N o R i g h t T u r n o n R e d • L e a d i n g P e d e s t r i a n I n t e r v a l IN T E R S E C T I O N IM P R O V E M E N T S • I n c r e a s e S i z e a n d R e f l e c t i v i t y o f S i g n s • B a c k - P l a t e s W i t h R e t r o r e f l e c t i v e B o r d e r s SI G N A G E IM P R O V E M E N T S • D y n a m i c / V a r i a b l e S p e e d W a r n i n g S i g n s • P a v e m e n t F r i c t i o n I m p r o v e m e n t u s i n g Hi g h F r i c t i o n S u r f a c e T r e a t m e n t ( H F S T ) • S p e e d L i m i t R e d u c t i o n - A B 4 3 • T u r n C a l m i n g P r o g r a m • A u t o m a t e d S p e e d E n f o r c e m e n t ( w h e r e pe r m i t t e d ) OT H E R • T r a n s i t I s l a n d s SP E E D S A F E T Y IM P R O V E M E N T S • C l a s s I V S e p a r a t e d B i c y c l e F a c i l i t y • B i k e B o x e s • B i c y c l e S i g n a l • B i k e D e t e c t i o n S y s t e m s • T w o - S t a g e T u r n Q u e u e B o x e s BI C Y C L E S A F E T Y IM P R O V E M E N T S 95 % In t e r s e c t i o n Co l l i s i o n s 40 Co l l i s i o n s 43 % Ra r e E n d Co l l i s i o n s 18 Co l l i s i o n s 36 % Sp e e d Re l a t e d Co l l i s i o n s 15 Co l l i s i o n s 57 % Tr a f f i c S i g n a l an d S i g n Vi o l a t i o n 24 Co l l i s i o n s 42 In j u r y Co l l i s i o n s 3 5 34 3 KS I C o l l i s i o n s 2 -1 Ci t y o f C u p e r t i n o - P r o j e c t s i n C o n c e p t , P l a n n i n g , D e s i g n o r Co n s t r u c t i o n P h a s e . D e t a i l s o f t h e p r o j e c t s a n d c u r r e n t st a t u s c a n b e f o u n d o n t h e C i t y o f C u p e r t i n o ’ s w e b s i t e Ki l l e d o r S e v e r e l y I n j u r e d * DRAF e. y a t y a t em o v a l s em o v a (R R F B ) (R R F B ) TFTFTTFTTT AF FTT AFT FTTTTFTFFFTFTFTFTT AFTTTTTTTTFFTLAANNCCC AFTMo t o r K S I *AFAF TTFTFTAFAF SI O N S T A T I S T I C S ( 2 0 RRAFRRRRRRRRRRRAFRAF 42 In j u r y Co l l i s i o RARA AARARARARARARARARA353434 FKKF 288 CC 07-09-2024 288 of 376 CU P E R T I N O V I S I O N Z E R O A C T I O N P L A N 76 8 Re c o m m e n d e d P r o j e c t BL A N E Y A V E N U E Bl a n e y A v e n u e s e r v e s a s a n o r t h - s o u t h m a j o r co l l e c t o r . T h i s t w o - l a n e u n d i v i d e d r o a d w a y in c l u d e s C l a s s I I b i k e l a n e s a n d h i g h - v i s i b i l i t y cr o s s w a l k s a t s i g n i f i c a n t i n t e r s e c t i o n s . T h e s p e e d li m i t o n t h i s r o a d w a y i s 3 0 m p h . F r o m 2 0 1 2 t o 2 0 2 1 , a t o t a l o f 1 6 i n j u r y c o l l i s i o n s w e r e r e p o r t e d o n t h i s co r r i d o r . A m o n g t h e s e , 5 c o l l i s i o n s w e r e c l a s s i f i e d a s KS I c o l l i s i o n s . T h e c a u s e o f t h e s e f a t a l a n d s e v e r e in j u r y w a s i d e n t i f i e d a s u n s a f e s p e e d i n g a n d im p r o p e r t u r n i n g . HI G H I N J U R Y I N T E R S E C T I O N S 1. S t e v e n s C r e e k B o u l e v a r d 2. W h e a t o n D r i v e Th e C i t y o f C u p e r t i n o 2 0 1 6 B i c y c l e I m p l e m e n t a t i o n P l a n r e c o m m e n d s c o n v e r t i n g b i k e l a n e s o n B l a n e y A v e n u e be t w e e n H o m e s t e a d R o a d a n d B o l l i n g e r R o a d i n t o a C l a s s I V s e p a r a t e d b i k e w a y t o i m p r o v e n o r t h / s o u t h co n n e c t i o n s . T h e p l a n a l s o r e c o m m e n d s r e c o n f i g u r i n g t h e B l a n e y A v e n u e a n d W h e a t o n D r i v e i n t e r s e c t i o n t o en h a n c e b i c y c l e c r o s s i n g s a t W h e a t o n . Th e B l a n e y A v e n u e c o r r i d o r h a s b e e n a w a r d e d t h e H S I P ( C y c l e 1 1 ) f u n d i n g f o r t h e i n s t a l l a t i o n o f dy n a m i c / v a r i a b l e s p e e d w a r n i n g s i g n s o n t h e c o r r i d o r b e t w e e n H o m e s t e a d R o a d t o B o l l i n g e r R o a d . CI T Y O F C U P E R T I N O - P L A N N E D P R O J E C T S CH A R A C T E R I S T I C S CO L L I S I O N S T A T I S T I C S ( 2 0 1 2 - 2 0 2 1 ) CO L L I S I O N S T A T I S T I C S ( 2 0 1 2 - 2 0 2 1 ) CO L L I S I O N T R E N D S RE C O M M E N D A T I O N S BL A N E Y A V E N U E • L e a d i n g P e d e s t r i a n I n t e r v a l s ( L P I ) • S i g n a l H e a d a n d E q u i p m e n t U p g r a d e s • I m p r o v e S i g n a l T i m i n g • F r e e - R i g h t T u r n R e m o v a l • H i g h V i s i b i l i t y C r o s s w a l k • P e d e s t r i a n R e f u g e I s l a n d s • N o R i g h t T u r n o n R e d • L e a d i n g P e d e s t r i a n I n t e r v a l • I n c r e a s e S i z e a n d R e f l e c t i v i t y o f S i g n s • B a c k - P l a t e s W i t h R e t r o r e f l e c t i v e B o r d e r s • U p g r a d i n g a n d I n s t a l l i n g A d d i t i o n a l Si g n a g e f o r T r a p L a n e s • C o n s i d e r D e l i n i a t o r s f o r T r a p L a n e s IN T E R S E C T I O N IM P R O V E M E N T S SI G N A G E IM P R O V E M E N T S • C l a s s I V S e p a r a t e d B i c y c l e F a c i l i t y • B i k e B o x e s • B i c y c l e S i g n a l • B i k e D e t e c t i o n S y s t e m s • G r e e n P a v e m e n t M a r k i n g i n C o n f l i c t Zo n e BI C Y C L E S A F E T Y IM P R O V E M E N T S • D y n a m i c / V a r i a b l e S p e e d W a r n i n g S i g n s • S p e e d L i m i t R e d u c t i o n - A B 4 3 • T u r n C a l m i n g P r o g r a m • A u t o m a t e d S p e e d E n f o r c e m e n t ( w h e r e pe r m i t t e d ) • R e d u c e d S p e e d S c h o o l Z o n e • S p e e d C u s h i o n s , S p e e d H u m p s a n d Ta b l e s OT H E R • C o n s i d e r o v e r h e a d m a s t a r m w i t h s i g n s to i n f o r m d r i v e r s o f w h a t l a n e s t h e y sh o u l d b e i n a h e a d o f a p p r o a c h e s SP E E D S A F E T Y IM P R O V E M E N T S 38 % Sp e e d Re l a t e d Co l l i s i o n s 6 Co l l i s i o n s 88 % Un s i g n a l i z e d In t e r s e c t i o n s 14 Co l l i s i o n s 25 % Re a r E n d Co l l i s i o n s 4 Co l l i s i o n s 31 % Ni g h t i m e Co l l i s i o n s 5 Co l l i s i o n s 16 In j u r y Co l l i s i o n s 1 6 9 5 KS I C o l l i s i o n s 2 1 2 Ci t y o f C u p e r t i n o - P r o j e c t s i n C o n c e p t , P l a n n i n g , D e s i g n o r Co n s t r u c t i o n P h a s e . D e t a i l s o f t h e p r o j e c t s a n d c u r r e n t st a t u s c a n b e f o u n d o n t h e C i t y o f C u p e r t i n o ’ s w e b s i t e Ki l l e d o r S e v e r e l y I n j u r e d * B BLANEYBLANEY BO L L I N G E R ST E V E N S C R E E K BO L L I NG E R OOBO L L I N G E R LE G E N D Mo t o r K S I Bi k e K S I Pe d K S I No n - K S I DRA AFTFAFRA AFA TFTAFAF F RA AAF FFTFAAAFTAFAFAFTAFARA A T AFAAFAF FTFTFFTAFTAARA AFAAAFAFRA FT AF FFTFTAF FFAFAAAFAAFAFAFRARAF ARA AFAFAFAAFAFAAFAF ST E V EV ST E V EFFAFAFAAAAAAAAAAFAFTAFTAAFFAFAFAFAFAAFFAAAAFAF TT AFAFAFAFAAAAAFAFAFAFAFAFAFAF TTTTTTTTTFTTFTTTTTTTTTFTFTFTFTTFTTFTTTTTTTTFTTTTTFTTTTFTTTFTTFTFTTTTTFTTTFTFFTTTTFTTFTFTFTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTT AF FAFAAAFAF FFAFAAFAFAF FAFAFAAFFAFAAAF FARARARARARARA ARARARARA ARA ARA AARRARA AAAAAARA ARRRARARARARARARARARARARARARARARARARARARARARARARARRARARARARAFT 289 CC 07-09-2024 289 of 376 ACTION PLAN CUPERTINO VISION ZERO ACTION PLAN 78 In the pursuit of safer streets and enhanced mobility, the City of Cupertino has undertaken a series of proactive initiatives aimed at addressing pressing safety concerns within its urban landscape. Anchored by the Vision Zero Action Plan, Cupertino’s Local Road Safety Plan (LRSP) stands as a cornerstone document, JXLGLQJ FRPSUHKHQVLYH HරRUWV WR PLWLJDWH collision risks, prioritize community needs, and bolster transportation infrastructure. &RQWLQXDOO\UHÀQHGWKURXJKFROODERUDWLRQZLWK FLW\VWDරDQGVDIHW\SDUWQHUVWKH/563VHUYHV as a dynamic blueprint, facilitating access to vital grant resources such as the federal Highway Safety Improvement Program (HSIP) and the One Bay Area Grant (OBAG). Through meticulous analysis of collision data and LGHQWLÀFDWLRQ RI KLJKULVN DUHDV &XSHUWLQR·V LRSP outlines six targeted safety projects, HDFK WDLORUHG WR DGGUHVV VSHFLÀF KD]DUGV DW intersections and roadway segments. Complementing these initiatives are capital improvement programs slated for the ÀVFDO \HDU  VKRZFDVLQJ WKH FLW\·V commitment to sustainable transportation and infrastructure enhancement. From the Bollinger Road Corridor Design project, aimed at optimizing safety and operations along a critical thoroughfare, to the Stevens Creek Boulevard Class IV Bikeways, designed to promote safe cycling infrastructure, each endeavor aligns with master plan priorities and community-driven objectives. Moreover, the Tamien Innu Trail and Carmen Road Bike/ Ped Bridge projects underscore Cupertino’s dedication to fostering commuter connectivity and pedestrian-friendly environments. In tandem with these tangible projects, Cupertino’s Complete Street Resolution & Ordinance represents a paradigm shift in urban planning, emphasizing inclusivity, accessibility, and environmental sustainability. By integrating the diverse needs of pedestrians, cyclists, motorists, and public transit users into transportation planning, the city’s policy framework not only enhances safety but also fosters a healthier, more vibrant community. As Cupertino continues to prioritize multimodal transportation and infrastructure development, it stands poised to realize its vision of safer, more livable streets for all residents and visitors alike. ONGOING/FUTURE SAFETY INITIATIVES DR A F T ess ederal ederal am (HSIP) HSIP) AG). Through ugh on data and nd DUHDV &XSHUWLQR·VDUHDV &XSHUWLQR·V eted safety projects, eted safety pr UHVV VSHFLÀF KD]DUGV DWUHVV VSHFLÀF KD]D oadway segmentsdway segments.. ng these initiatives are g these initiatives capital ent programs slated for thent programs slated HDU  VKRZFDVLQJ WKHHDU  VKRZFDVLQJ WK mitment to sustainable transpmitment to sustainable transp nfrastructure enhancementnfrastructure enhancem RRoad Corridor Deoad Corridor D ptimizing safety ptimizing safety thoroughfthoroughf Class Class FT a pa p emphasiziempha environmental senviro he diverse needs of pehe diverse n otorists, and otorists, and public transit pub sportation planning, the city’s psportation planning, the work not only enhances safety bwork not only enhances safet sters a healthier, more vibrant commsters a healthier, more vibrant comm Cupertino continues to prioritizeupertino continue transportation sportation and infrastructua it stands poised to realizeds pois more livable streets for able stre alikealike.. 290 CC 07-09-2024 290 of 376 ACTION PLAN CUPERTINO VISION ZERO ACTION PLAN 79 LOCAL ROAD SAFETY PLAN The LRSP adopts a proactive approach to addressing safety needs, serving as a comprehensive guidance document that provides LQIRUPDWLRQDQGLGHDV5HJXODUO\UHYLHZHGDQGXSGDWHGE\&LW\VWDර DQGWKHLUVDIHW\SDUWQHUVLWUHÁHFWVHYROYLQJFROOLVLRQWUHQGVFRPPXQLW\ needs, and priorities. Using the LRSP as a guide, the City can readily apply for grant funds such as the federal Highway Safety Improvement Program (HSIP) or the One Bay Area Grant (OBAG). This document DQDO\]HVFROOLVLRQVLQ&XSHUWLQRLGHQWLÀHVKLJKLQMXU\ORFDWLRQVDQG recommends countermeasures for these high-risk areas. The City of &XSHUWLQR·V/RFDO5RDG6DIHW\3ODQRXWOLQHVVL[VDIHW\SURMHFWVVSHFLÀFDOO\ designed for the most hazardous intersections and roadway segments. • Project 1: Safety at Signalized Intersections - Unsafe Speed and Rear End • Project 2: Safety at Signalized Intersections - Improper Turning, Auto Right-of-Way Violations, and Broadside • Project 3: Safety at Signalized Intersections - Pedestrian and Bicyclist Safety • Project 4: Safety on Roadway Segments - Unsafe Speed Violations and Rear End • Project 5: Safety on Roadway Segments - Improve Pedestrian and Bicyclist Safety • Project 6: Safety on Roadway Segments - Reduce Nighttime Collisions CAPITAL IMPROVEMENTS PROGRAMS - FI SCAL YEAR 2024/25 1. BOLLINGER ROAD CORRIDOR DESIGN: ,Q 'HFHPEHU  &LW\ VWDර LQLWLDWHG WKH %ROOLQJHU 5RDG &RUULGRU 6DIHW\6WXG\DFROODERUDWLYHHරRUWEHWZHHQWKH&LW\RI&XSHUWLQRDQG the City of San José. The study focuses on Bollinger Road from De Anza Boulevard to Lawrence Expressway, aiming to enhance safety and operations for pedestrians, cyclists, motorists, and transit users. The SURMHFWLQFOXGHVDSUHOLPLQDU\HQJLQHHULQJSXEOLFRXWUHDFKDQGDWUD඼F analysis to evaluate the impact of a potential road diet (Alternative A IURPWKH)HDVLELOLW\6WXG\ RQFRQJHVWLRQDQGWUD඼FGLYHUVLRQ Funding has been secured, with a requirement for 20% matching funds, and additional resources are needed for construction. This initiative supports sustainable transportation and aligns with master SODQSULRULWLHVZLWKLQLWLDOWUD඼FVWXGLHVDQGSUHOLPLQDU\GHVLJQVVHWWR EHJLQWKLVÀVFDO\HDUE\WKH3XEOLF:RUNV'HSDUWPHQW BABA LJKLQMXU\LJKLQM high-risk areashigh-r QHVVL[VDIHW\SURMHFWVVQHVVL[VDIHW\ ersections and roadway segrsections and ro peed and Rear Endpeed a oper Turning, Auto Right-of-Woper Turning, Auto Right-of-Way Vay V ns - Pedestrian and Bicyclist Safetyrian and B nts - Unsafe Speed Violations and nts - Unsafe Speed Violatio gments - Improve Pedestrian and s - Improve Pedestrian and ay Segments - Reduce Nighttime Cy Segments - Reduce Nighttime C EMENTS PROGRAMS MENTS PROGRAMS - FISCAL YCAL 11.. BOLLINGER BOL ROA ,Q 'HFHPEHU 'HFHP 6DIHW\6WXG\D6DIHW\6WXG\ the City of the City of Anza BouAnz operatope SURSUR 291 CC 07-09-2024 291 of 376 ACTION PLAN CUPERTINO VISION ZERO ACTION PLAN 80 2. STEVENS CREEK BLVD. CLASS IV BIKEWAYS: The Stevens Creek Boulevard Class IV Bikeway project involves the design and construction of a separated bikeway along Stevens Creek Boulevard, extending from Wolfe Road to SR-85. This initiative includes signal upgrades at Bandley Drive and is partially funded externally. The project budget covers both design and construction, with development in-lieu funding provided. The design for Phase 2A between Wolfe Rd and De Anza Blvd, is complete and will be put out for public bid once additional external funding is secured. This bikeway is a top priority in the 2016 Bicycle Pedestrian Plan highlighting its importance in the city’s infrastructure development goals. 3. TAMIEN INNU TRAIL (OFF-STREET BICYCLE AND PEDESTRIAN FACILITY): 7KH7DPLHQ,QQXSURMHFWLQYROYHVGHVLJQLQJDQGFRQVWUXFWLQJDQRරVWUHHWELF\FOHDQGSHGHVWULDQ facility parallel to the I-280 Highway, extending from Vallco Parkway to the Don Burnett Bridge. The project is divided into three externally funded segments: East, Central, and West, each aligning with the goals of the 2016 Bicycle Pedestrian Plan and the 2018 Pedestrian Transportation Plan. The East Segment, from Wolfe Road to Vallco Parkway, awaits Valley Water’s design approval, with the CEQA process completed and the budget covering both design and construction. The Central Segment, from De Anza Boulevard to Wolfe Road, has its design phase paused until the (DVW6HJPHQW·VGHVLJQLVÀQDOL]HGLWVEXGJHWLQFOXGHVGHVLJQHQYLURQPHQWDOFOHDUDQFHDQGD portion of construction, with the CEQA process completed. The West Segment, from De Anza %RXOHYDUGWRWKH'RQ%XUQHWW%ULGJHZLOOEHJLQLWVGHVLJQSKDVHDIWHUVLJQLÀFDQWSURJUHVVRQWKH other segments, requiring additional funding post-design completion. Overall, the project aims to enhance commuter connectivity, ensuring a cohesive development approach across all segments.DR A F T ign andign a Wolfe Road Wolfe funded externallyfunded e . T ent in-lieu funding providnt in-lieu fund is complete and will be put ouis complete and will his bikeway is a top his bik priority in thepriority the city’s infrastructure developmethe city’s infrastructure developm L L ((OFFOF-STREET BICYCLE AND PREET BICYCLE RMHFWLQYROYHVGHVLJQLQJDQGFRQVWHFWLQYROYHVGHVLJQLQJDQGFRQVW o the I-280 Highway, extending fro-280 Highway, extending fro divided into three divided into three externally fundeex oals of the 2016 Bicycle Pedestriaoals of the 2016 Bicycle P st Segment, from Wolfe Road to st Segment, from Wolfe Road t the CEQA process completed anthe CEQA process completed an l Segment, l Segm from De Anza BoAnz PHQW·VGHVLJQLVÀQDOL]PHQW·VGHVLJQLVÀQD onstruction, withonstruction, with H'RQ%XUH'RQ%XU quirquir 292 CC 07-09-2024 292 of 376 ACTION PLAN CUPERTINO VISION ZERO ACTION PLAN 81 4. CARMEN ROAD BICYCLE/PEDESTRIAN BRIDGE The Carmen Road Bike/Ped Bridge project aims to construct a bicycle and pedestrian bridge across Stevens Creek Boulevard at Carmen Road, providing a safer crossing alternative for cyclists DQGSHGHVWULDQV,GHQWLÀHGDVDSULRULW\LQERWKWKH%LF\FOH3HGHVWULDQ3ODQDQGWKH 3HGHVWULDQ7UDQVSRUWDWLRQ3ODQWKLVSURMHFWUHTXLUHVVXEVWDQWLDOVWD඼QJDQGEXGJHWUHVRXUFHV The design phase is proposed to begin in FY25-26, following the initiation of the Bollinger Road and Stevens Creek Boulevard projects, with the budget covering both design and construction. 5. SAN TOMAS AQUINO/SARATOGA CREEK TRAIL EXTENSION The San Tomas Aquino/Saratoga Creek Trail Extension project involves a feasibility study to evaluate potential alignments and costs for a bicycle and pedestrian connection to the north end of Lawrence-Mitty Park. This northern extension aims to connect Sterling Barnhart Park WR 6WHYHQV &UHHN %RXOHYDUG DQG LV LGHQWLÀHG DV D SULRULW\ LQ both the 2016 Bicycle Pedestrian Plan and the 2018 Pedestrian Transportation Plan, as well as “Reach 5” of the 1999 San Tomas Aquino/Saratoga Creek Trail Master Plan. The project enhances sustainable transportation and aligns with master plan priorities. Requested by the Parks & Recreation Commission and the Bicycle Pedestrian Commission, the initial feasibility report can be LQLWLDWHGWKLVÀVFDO\HDUE\3XEOLF:RUNVVWDරDR A F T bicycle and pedestria bicycle and safer crossing alternative for csafer crossing altern %LF\FOH3HGHVWULDQ3ODQDQGWKH%LF\FOH3HGHVWULDQ3ODQ XEVWDQWLDOVWD඼QJDQGEXGJHWUHVXEVWDQWLDOVWD඼QJDQGEXGJHW following the initiation of the Bollifollowing the initiation of the Bolli udget covering both design and coget covering both CREEK TRAIL EXTENSIONCREEK TRAIL EXTENSI eek Trail Extension project involveTrail Extension project inv aluate potential alignments andpotential alignments and pedestrian connection to the nortconnection to the nor This northern This northern extension aims textens WR 6WHYHQV &UHHN %RXOHYDUWR 6WHYHQV &UHHN both the 2016 Bicycle Ph the 2016 Bicyc Transportation Plan, aransportation Plan, a Aquino/Saratoga CAquino/Saratoga C sustainable transu Requested Req Bicycle PeBicycle LQLWLDWHLDWH 293 CC 07-09-2024 293 of 376 ACTION PLAN CUPERTINO VISION ZERO ACTION PLAN 82 6. GRADE-SEPARATED CROSSING AT HIGHWAY 85 CROSSING BETWEEN GRAND AVE. AND MARY AVE. The Grade Separated Crossing Study for Highway 85 Crossing, spanning from Grand Avenue to Mary Avenue, is a recommended project categorized under Tier 1 in the Cupertino Bicycle Transportation Plan. This study aims to explore the feasibility and potential designs for a grade-separated crossing, ensuring safe passage for cyclists and pedestrians across Highway 85. This project addresses crucial connectivity needs and enhances safety for non-motorized transportation users 7. CLASS IV SEPARATED BIKEWAY ON FINCH AVE. BETWEEN PHIL LN. AND STEVENS CREEK BLVD The Class IV Separated Bikeway project on Finch Avenue, spanning from Phil Lane to Stevens Creek Boulevard, is a recommended Tier 1 project outlined in the Cupertino Bicycle Transportation Plan. 7KLVLQLWLDWLYHDLPVWRGHVLJQDQGFRQVWUXFWDGHGLFDWHGELNHZD\VHSDUDWHGIURPYHKLFXODUWUD඼F providing a safe and accessible route for cyclists along Finch Avenue. This project addresses the critical need for improved cycling infrastructure and enhances connectivity for cyclists within the community. COMPLETE STREET RESOLUTION AND ORDINANCES Cupertino’s Complete Street Policy aligns with state mandates, emphasizing safety, accessibility, and mobility for all road users. Adopted by the City Council, this policy integrates the needs of pedestrians, cyclists, motorists, public transit users, and individuals with disabilities into transportation planning. It promotes reduced vehicle miles traveled and increased walking, cycling, and public transit use, in line with state environmental goals. The policy ensures eligibility for regional funding programs like the One Bay Area Grant (OBAG) and 2016 Measure B, supporting community health, safety, economic vitality, and environmental sustainability. Consistent with Cupertino’s 2015 Mobility Element update, the policy emphasizes multimodal transportation and infrastructure development.DR A F T crocro eeds and eeds a ersers WEEN PHIL LNWEEN PHIL LN.. AND AN STEVE e, spanning from Phil Lane to Stevee, spanning from Phil Lane to Stev d in the Cupertino Bicycle Transpord in the Cupertino Bicycle Transpor GLFDWHGELNHZD\VHSDUDWHGIURPYWHGELNHZD\VHS lists along Finch AvenueFinch Ave . This proj ucture and enhances connectivity fucture and enhances co TION AND ORDINANCESORDINANC t Policy aligns with state mandatet Policy aligns with state d usersd users. Adopted dopte by the City Couhe C ts, motorists, public transit userts, motorists, public transit u nningng.. It promotes reduced vehicle It promotes reduced vehicle sit use, in line with state environin line with state environ ding programs like the One Bay Ading programs like th ty health, safety, economic vitalitty health, safety, economic tino’s 2015 Mobility Element updatino’s 2015 Mobility Element upd structure developmentstructure development.. 294 CC 07-09-2024 294 of 376 ACTION PLAN CUPERTINO VISION ZERO ACTION PLAN 83 The implementation of Vision Zero necessitates a dedicated collaboration between City departments, the local community, and partner organizations. The project team has outlined a set of crucial steps to act as a strategic pathway towards achieving Vision Zero. Each step is DVVLJQHGDVSHFLÀFWLPHOLQHDQGDSHUIRUPDQFH metric to gauge progress. Short-term actions can be executed within a two-year timeframe, while medium-term actions can be completed within a span of two WRÀYH\HDUV7KHPRUHH[WHQVLYHORQJWHUP DFWLRQVFDQEHUHDOL]HGZLWKLQDSHULRGRIÀYH to ten years. Achieving the City’s Vision Zero goal demands immediate action while allowing for a practical approach with incremental improvements over time. The actions outlined in this plan should undergo ongoing evaluation DQGUHÀQHPHQWZLWKWKHLUVXFFHVVIXOH[HFXWLRQ contingent upon the availability of funding. The implementable actions are organized into the following four action areas: 1. Vision Zero Program: Strategies and Assessment 2.Enhancing Street Layout and Management 3. Cultivating a Positive Road User Behavior 4. Vulnerable Road Users ACTION AREAS VISION ZERO PROGRAMS: STRATEGIES AND ASSESSMENTS The City of Cupertino Vision Zero Program will begin by establishing a framework for the City’s approach to achieve its Vision Zero goal. Program initiatives include Vision Zero promotion, integration of Vision Zero into RWKHU SODQQLQJHරRUWV DQG LPSURYHG 9LVLRQ Zero data collection and program evaluation. A task force is crucial for the success of Vision Zero, as it fosters essential cross-departmental collaboration to achieve the program’s goal RI HOLPLQDWLQJ WUD඼F IDWDOLWLHV DQG VHULRXV injuries. Vision Zero’s core principle is to break down silos and unite local stakeholders; A task force enables this by bringing together key representatives from all major city functional divisions. For example, cities like New York, Los Angeles, Washington D.C., and San Francisco have established task forces that include PDQDJHPHQWOHYHO VWDර IURP PXOWLSOH FLW\ departments, ensuring comprehensive buy-in and coordinated action. In New York City, the Vision Zero task force, led E\WKH0D\RU·V2඼FHRI2SHUDWLRQVKDVEHHQ pivotal in aligning various agencies towards common goals, fostering accountability, and facilitating regular inter-agency meetings to discuss progress and address challenges. These task forces not only set shared goals but DOVR FUHDWH VXEFRPPLWWHHV WR WDFNOH VSHFLÀF issues, enhancing collaboration and ensuring that Vision Zero’s objectives are integrated into everyday departmental operations. This structured approach, supported by regular tracking and reporting, ensures that all stakeholders remain committed and accountable to the Vision Zero goals, making the task force an indispensable element in driving the initiative’s success. IMPLEMENTABLE ACTIONS DR A F T ro wing wing emental mental ns outlined ned ing evaluation on FHVVIXOH[HFXWLRQFHVVIXOH[HFXWLRQ ability of fundingability of fund . ctions are organized ctions are organize into action areas: ion are ro Pr Program: Strategies ogram: Strategrrr sessment sessment nhancing Street Lnhanciayout ayout nd Management nd Man ating a Positivating a e e v r Behavior r Behavior oad Usoad Us FT d prd pr for the sfor th essential cross-dessent to achieve the prograto achieve t LQJ WUD඼F IDWDOLWLHV DQG VLQJ WUD඼F IDWDOLWL Vision Zero’s core principle is Vision Zero’s core princip to b silos and unite local stakeholderssilos and unite local stakehold rce enables this by bringing togrce enables this by bringing tog representatives from all major cepresentatives fro divisionssions.. For example, For ex cities li Angeles, Washington Ds, Wash .C have established taskblishe PDQDJHPHQWOHYHOPDQDJHPHQWOHYHO departments, ensepartments, ens and coordinateand coordinate In New YoI E\WKHE\ pivopiv 295 CC 07-09-2024 295 of 376 ACTION PLAN CUPERTINO VISION ZERO ACTION PLAN 84 No Safety Strategy Description Timeline Progress Measure Key Partners City Resources Vision Zero Program Initiative A.1 Vision Zero Task Force Establish an interdisciplinary Vision Zero Task Force responsible for supervising the execution of the plan and facilitating collaboration among various City departments for project and program coordination. Short-Term Task Force established and regular meetings held Department of Public Works, Community Development Department, School Districts, County DQG6KHULරDQG Fire Department, Bicycle Pedestrian Commission Low A detailed Vision Zero Task Force Work Plan is provided in the ‘Vision Zero Task Force Work Plan’ Chapter of this Report. A.2 Dedicated and Permanent Funding Identify a sustainable and dedicated funding stream for the execution and management of Vision Zero. Short-Term Amount of funding available for Vision Zero City Council, City 0DQDJHU V2඼FH Department of Public Works Medium to High Funding sources listed in the following section of this Chapter. A.3 Media Workshop Develop a workshop aimed at the Communications Department to improve their SURÀFLHQF\LQ communicating WUD඼FFROOLVLRQDQG roadway safety concepts. Short-Term Number of Media Professionals Participating City Manager's 2඼FHLow Promotion and Integration A.4 Public Meetings Include Vision Zero as a topic in the agendas of public, community group, stakeholder meetings and city sponsored meetings throughout 2023. Short-Term Number of meetings with Vision Zero on agenda City Council, Neighborhood Associations, Department of Public Works, City 0DQDJHU V2඼FH Communications Low A.5 Online Collision Map Develop an accessible interactive online data collection app and website to report near misses and collisions for residents to report concerns. Medium- Term Number of website visitors Information Technology Department, City 0DQDJHU V2඼FH Communications, Department of Public Works, Cupertino Hackathon Medium DR A F T DR FTT AFFTT DRAAFF DDRD FTFTTFTFTT DDDRDRRRRRDDDRDRRRRRDD AFAFFT AAAFAAAFF enen ts, Counts, Cou 6KHULරDQG6KHULර ire Department, ire Dep Bicycle Pedestrian Bicycle Pe Commission Commission Force Work Plan’ Chapter of this Report.Force Work Plan’ Chapter of this Rep m Amount Amou of funding of fu available for available for Vision Zerosion Zero City Council, City Cit 0DQDJHU V2඼FH0 Department of Public Works Chapter.apter. hop tions ent to ent to ve their ve their ÀFLHQF\LQÀFLHQF\ ommunicating ommu WUD඼FFROOLVLRQDQGWUD඼FFROOLVLRQDQG roadway safety roadway safety conceptsncepts.. Short-TermTerm Number of Media Profes Par d Integration Public Public Meetings Meetings Include Vision Zero Include Vision Zero as a topic in the a topic in the agendas of public, ndas of public, community groumunit stakeholder mholde and city spocity s meetingseeting 20232023 296 CC 07-09-2024 296 of 376 ACTION PLAN CUPERTINO VISION ZERO ACTION PLAN 85 No Safety Strategy Description Timeline Progress Measure Key Partners City Resources A.6 Future Plans & Policy Integrate Vision Zero safety principles into forthcoming City plans and design documents. Continuous Number of plans and policies incorporating Vision Zero Community Development Department, Department of Public Works Low Data Collection & Program Evaluation Details on Continuous Data Collection and Analysis are listed in the following chapters of this Report. A.7 Program Monitoring Issue a biannual report to assess advancements in alignment with the objectives of the Vision Zero Plan. Medium- Term Biannual report focusing on plan metrics and performance indicators. Department of Public Works Medium A.8 Monitoring Speed Limits Continue monitoring existing speed limits on City streets in accordance with the changes made by AB 43 to further lower speeds. Continuous (every street is checked 7 extendible to 14 years) Percent of roadway network designated as a Safety Corridor. Average speed limit by functional FODVVLÀFDWLRQ Department of Public Works Medium A.9 Collision Report Training 2රHUWUDLQLQJWR WKH6KHULර·V2඼FH with the goal of enhancing collision data reporting, and ensuring the preservation of collision details and site evidence. Long-Term Number RI6KHULරV trained 6KHULර·V2඼FHLow A.10 Community- Based Safety Reporting System/Tool Create an easy to use, accessible and digitally secure public reporting platform for community to report problem areas, near misses, or any safety concerns Continuous Number of comments addressed Department of Public Works Low A.11 Data Completeness Enhance data collection pertaining to speed, impairment, cell phone use, and distraction in KSI Medium- Term Proportion of Collision records including this information 6KHULර·V2඼FHLow A.12 Bicycle and Pedestrian Count Data Set up periodic pedestrian and cyclist counts at standardized locations. Medium- Term Number of counts conducted Department of Public Works Medium DR A F T FTT RAAFFTT DRAA DDR TFTFTFTFTTTT RARARARARAA DDRR d mance mance atorsators.. Department of Departmen Public WorksPublic Works M ous y eet is checked 7 chec extendible extendible to 14 years)to 14 years) Percent of Percen roadway road network netwo designated esignated as a Safety Safety Corridoror.. Average speed limit spee by functional by function FODVVLÀFDWLRQFODVVLÀFDWLRQ Department Public W LQLQJWRLQLQJWR HULර·V2඼FHHULර·V2඼FH h the goal of h the g enhancing collision enhancing collision data reporting, data reporting, and ensuring the nd ensuring the preservation of servation of collision details and on deta site evidencesite evidence.. Long-Term Long-Term Nu Community-Comm ased Safety ased Saf orting orting /Tool/Tool Create an easy to Create an easy to use, accessible and , accessible and digitally secure ally se public reportingrep platform for orm f communitmmun problemproblem missmiss cc 297 CC 07-09-2024 297 of 376 ACTION PLAN CUPERTINO VISION ZERO ACTION PLAN 86 No Safety Strategy Description Timeline Progress Measure Key Partners City Resources High Injury Network Infrastructure B.1 Priority Location Create and obtain grant funding for the eight key project sites LGHQWLÀHGLQWKHSODQ with an emphasis on enhancing roadway designs to enhance safety. Medium- Ter m Number of funded projects Department of Public Works High B.2 List Prioritized Project Create a carefully ranked roster of extra safety projects Medium- Term List of safety projects in order of priority. Department of Public Works Medium A roster of implementable Countermeasures are listed in the Countermeasure Section of this Report. B.3 Quick Build Demonstration Projects or Tactical Urbanism Install quick, OLJKWÁH[LEOHDQG adaptable projects proven to achieve real tangible EHQHÀWV7KHVH demonstrations could stay in place LQGHÀQLWHO\RU PRUH typically) form the basis of the design for a permanent project to come later. Short Number of locations that where quick builds have been implemented Community Development Department; Department of Public Works Low B.4 Low-Cost Improvements Implement cost- HරHFWLYHVDIHW\ enhancements, such as the installation of new road markings, signage, plastic bollards, drop-in speed tables and minor adjustments to signals. Medium- Term Number of locations where enhancements have been applied. Department of Public Works Medium ENHANCING STREET LAYOUT AND MANAGEMENT Cupertino's Vision Zero initiative places a strong emphasis on prioritizing top-notch enhancements for the High-Injury Network (HIN) as the primary approach to achieve the JRDORIHOLPLQDWLQJWUD඼FIDWDOLWLHVDQGVHYHUH injuries. Alongside these improvements, the city will also focus on optimizing signal operations and implementing more rigorous design review processes to enhance street layouts. All street improvements will adhere to the compatible General Plan Design Guidelines. DR A DDRARARARARA DRA F T FTFTFTTTTTTTTTTTT RAAFFTT RAAFTFTFTFTTTFTFTFTFTFTFTTTT RARAARARAA ress easure rtners e edium- Term Term Number mber of funded ded projects Departmen Public W arefully arefully roster of extra roster of extra ty projectsty proje Medium-ium- Term List of safety List of safety projects in order of prior Countermeasures are listed in the CountermeasCountermeasures are listed in the Countermea Quick Build Quick Bu Demonstration Demo Projects Proje or Tactical or Tacti banismbanism Install quick, stall quick, OLJKWÁH[LEOHDQGÁH[LEOHDQ adaptable projects adaptable proj proven to achieve proven to achieve real tangible real tan EHQHÀWV7KHVHQHÀWV demonstrations onstra could stay in plastay LQGHÀQLWHO\RQLWHO\ typically) fically) basis ofbasis of for a for a prpr 298 CC 07-09-2024 298 of 376 ACTION PLAN CUPERTINO VISION ZERO ACTION PLAN 87 No Safety Strategy Description Timeline Progress Measure Key Partners City Resources B.5 Stakeholder Engagement Convene local stakeholders residing near high-collision corridors to gather their input on project design. Medium- Te rm Number of Stakeholder meetings that have been held Department of Public Works, 6KHULර·V2඼FHDQG School Districts Low Operations and Technology B.6 Signal Timing Updates Updated signal timing plans to enhance safety for all modes of transportation, which may include adjustments to all- red intervals and pedestrian crossing times. Short-Term Percentage of signals in updated. Department of Public Works Medium B.7 Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS) Integrate Vision Zero safety principles into forthcoming City plans and design documents. Long-Term Incorporation of Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS) technologies to enhance WUD඼FVDIHW\ Department of Public Works High More details on Transportation Technology listed in the Transportation Technology Section of this Report. Policies and Design B.8 Design Review Create an internal procedure for evaluating and, where possible, implementing Vision Zero countermeasures on projects located within HIN Long-Term Percentage of public and private projects that integrate Vision Zero components. Community Development Department, Department of Public Works Low B.9 Complete Streets When identifying safety enhancements, take into account all individuals using the road and ensure that countermeasures align with the City's Complete Streets Policy. Medium- Term Reduction in collisions Department of Public Works Low DR ARA DDRAA DRARARARAAARARARARAAA DDRA F T T AFFTT RAAFFTTT AFAF TFT RARAA ls in ls in tedted.. Department of ment of Public Works rks Mediu Long-Term Long-Term Incorporation orporation of Intelligent elligent Transportation tation SSystems (ITS) ystems (ITS) technologies technolo to enhance to enhance WUD඼FVDIHW\WUD඼FVDIHW\ Depar PubPu nology listed in the Transportation Technology Snology listed in the Transportation gn Rgn Review eview Create an internal Create an internal procedure for rocedure for evaluating and, uating and, where possible, where possible implementing implementing Vision Zero Vision countermeasures untermeasures on projects locatedrojects located within HINHIN Lon When idenen ide safety enafety e take itake i indind 299 CC 07-09-2024 299 of 376 ACTION PLAN CUPERTINO VISION ZERO ACTION PLAN 88 No Safety Strategy Description Timeline Progress Measure Key Partners City Resources Education and Outreach C.1 Education Campaign Initiate high- impact educational campaigns targeting issues like speeding, distracted driving, impaired driving, and other high- risk behaviors. These campaigns ZLOOVSHFLÀFDOO\ concentrate on HIN corridors to maximize WKHLUHරHFWLYHQHVV Medium- Ter m Number of people reached and educated City Manager's 2඼FH6KHULර·V 2඼FHDQG6FKRRO District High C.2 Speed Feedback Signs Promote the utilization of speed feedback signs to deter speeding. Medium- Term Number of signs installed Department of Public Works, and 6KHULර·V2඼FH Medium C.3 Targeted Outreach Discourage impaired driving by directing education and RXWUHDFKHරRUWV towards locations in proximity to alcohol-serving establishments. Medium- Term Number of establishments that have been engaged or reached through the outreach HරRUWV 6KHULර·V2඼FHMedium Enforcement 7UD૾F(QIRUFHPHQWVWUDWHJLHVDUHGHWDLOHGRXWLQWKH7UD૾F(QIRUFHPHQW6HFWLRQRIWKH$FWLRQ3ODQ C.4 Police Academy Incorporate Vision Zero policies into the curriculum of the Police Academy and ongoing training for 3XEOLF6DIHW\2඼FHUV Long- Term Number of R඼FHUVZKRKDYH received training on Vision Zero. 6KHULර·V2඼FHLow CULTIVATING A POSITIVE ROAD USER BEHAVIOR The City of Cupertino's Vision Zero initiative promotes safe travel behaviors through a FRPELQDWLRQRIRXWUHDFKDQGHGXFDWLRQHරRUWV enforcement measures, and the provision of alternatives to driving, especially during holidays, special events, and late evenings. This approach recognizes the collective responsibility for making safe choices and fostering a culture of safety. DDR A F T FTFTFTTTTTTTT RARA FTT DRARA DR FTFTFTFTTTFTFTFTFTTT RARARA DDRRDD s ure artners s \\ e on HIN e on HIN s to maximize s to maximize HරHFWLYHQHVVHරHFWLY Medium-Medium- Term m Number of people Number of people reached and reached educated ducated City Ma 2඼FH2 2඼2඼ Promote the romote utilization of speed zation of speed feedback signs to ack signs to deter speedingdeter speeding.. Medium-Medium- Term NN argeted argeted reach reach Discourage impaired scourage impaired driving by directing g by directing education and on an RXWUHDFKHරRUWVHරR towards locatioloca in proximity oximity alcohol-sealcohol-se establisestablis 300 CC 07-09-2024 300 of 376 ACTION PLAN CUPERTINO VISION ZERO ACTION PLAN 89 No Safety Strategy Description Timeline Progress Measure Key Partners City Resources Providing Alternatives to Driving C.5 Subsidized Tra nsit Investigate possibilities for extending no-cost or reduced-rate transit fares on holidays and during special events. Medium- Term Number of individuals utilizing free or subsidized fares. VTA, Department of Public Works Medium C.6 Incentivize & Prioritize Transit Use Work with Transit Agencies to expand and improve transit networks while using technology to optimize transit schedules and provide real time tracking. Ensure transit stops and stations are well- lit, secure, and monitored to improve safety for all users. Long Number of persons taking transit (ridership data) Department of Public Works and VTA High C.7 Late-Night Options Create a public awareness campaign to promote late- night transportation options, such as transit, taxis, rideshare services, and more, as alternatives to impaired driving. Long- Term Number of promotional initiatives or activities organized City Manager's 2඼FH97$ Rideshare providers Medium C.8 Curbside Management Establish curbside management policies aimed at promoting and facilitating passenger loading. Medium- Term Adoption of City policy Community Development Department, Department of Public Works Medium DR A F T RARA FTT DRARA D T RARARA DDR ll mber of mber of persons taking ersons transit (ridership nsit (ridership data) Department of De Public Works and P VTA public public eness campaign eness campaign promote late-promo night transportation ight transportation options, such ions, su as transit, taxis, nsit, taxis, rideshare services, rideshare service and more, as and more, as alternatives to lternativ impaired drivingired dr . Long-Long- Term NumNum prpr de de mentment Establish curbsidcur management emen aimed at ped at p and faciland facil passepasse 301 CC 07-09-2024 301 of 376 ACTION PLAN CUPERTINO VISION ZERO ACTION PLAN 90 No Safety Strategy Description Timeline Progress Measure Key Partners City Resources Bicyclist and Pedestrian D.1 Bicycle Network Continue the development and enhancement of the bicycle network in line with the City of Cupertino's 2016 Bicycle Transportation Plan. Ongoing Lane miles of low-stress bicycle facilities installed Department of Public Works High D.2 Pedestrian Crossing Install or enhance pedestrian crossing features along the High-Injury Network (HIN). Medium- Term Number of upgraded crossings Department of Public Works High D.3 Turning Vehicles Complete projects that enhance bicycle and pedestrian safety with regard to turning vehicles at intersections. Long-Term Number of projects that have been implemented Department of Public Works High D.4 Develop and Maintin an Active Transportation Plan Developing an ATP will advance Vision Zero goals by creating safer, more accessible infrastructure, thereby UHGXFLQJWUD඼F fatalities and serious injuries. Long-Term Reduction in the number of pedestrian and bicycle fatalities Department of Public Works High Children and Seniors D.5 High-Visibility Crosswalk Install high-visibility crosswalks in proximity to schools. Medium- Te r m Number of crosswalks near schools that have been designated as "high visibility." Department of Public Works Medium D.6 Senior Awareness Create an educational campaign targeting drivers to enhance safety for pedestrians aged 60 and above. Medium- Term Monitor collision data City Manager's 2඼FH$$53 Library and Community Services, Senior Center Medium VULNERABLE ROAD USERS The strategies of Cupertino Vision Zero acknowledge that individuals at both ends of the age spectrum, as well as those who are biking or walking, are more susceptible WRVHYHUHWUD඼FLQMXULHVDQGIDWDOLWLHVGXHWR variations in their reaction time and agility. T DR A F T TTT AFFTT RAAFF DRRAA DDRRD TTTTTTTTTT AFAFF RARAA DRDRDRDRRRRDDDDDDDDDD Ke Lane miles of Lane m low-stress bicycle low-stress bicycle facilities installedfacilities installed Department of t of Public Works twork Medium-Medium- Term Term Number of of upgraded upgra crossings crossings ete projects ete projects enhance bicycle enhance bicycle nd pedestrian nd pede safety with regard to safety with regard to turning vehicles at turning vehicles at intersectionsntersections.. Long-Term erm Numb pro elop elop nd Maintin nd Mai an Active an Ac Transportation Tran PlanPlan Developing an Aloping an TP A will advance Vision will advance Vi Zero goals by creating Zero goals by crea safer, more accessible safer, more accessibl infrastructure, thereastructure, there UHGXFLQJWUD඼FFLQJW fatalities and sies a injuriesies.. eniors 302 CC 07-09-2024 302 of 376 ACTION PLAN CUPERTINO VISION ZERO ACTION PLAN 91 No Safety Strategy Description Timeline Progress Measure Key Partners City Resources D.7 Increasing investments in Safe Routes to School and maintain a dedicated Safe Routes to School coordinator Utilizing the Vision Zero data on collisions and priority corridors to feed into a comprehensive citywide Safe Routes to School plan. Update Safe Routes to School maps for every school by conducting walk audits and prioritize projects on corridors that link multiple schools that are also Vision Zero priorities. Continuous Reduction in number of collisions around schools School Districts, Department of Public Works High D.8 Reduce speeding and speed limits around schools Partnering with other cities and jurisdictions to advocate for state legislation that would give them the authority to utilize automated speed enforcement (such as safety cameras) near school zones. Continuous Reduction in number of collisions around schools Department of Public Works Low D.9 2රHU comprehensive bicycle and pedestrian safety education to all children Engaging elementary, middle and high school students in WUD඼FVDIHW\WKURXJK Safe Routes to School. Empowering young people as leaders to promote safe transportation in their communities. Provide universal bike skills training for all middle school graders in public school, and FUHDWHDWUD඼FVDIHW\ curriculum and mandate its teaching in all elementary schools. Continuous Number of in- person safety trainings sessions conducted School Districts, Department of Public Works Medium 'HWDLOVRIWKHVDPHFDQEHIRXQGLQWKH(GXFDWLRQDO3URJUDPV6HFWLRQRIWKH$FWLRQ3ODQLQWKLV5HSRUW D.10 7UD඼F Education for Safe Routes to School 2UJDQL]HWUD඼FVDIHW\ classes for both students and parents. Medium- Term Number of individuals reached or impacted. School Districts, Department of Public Works Medium 'HWDLOVRIWKHVDPHFDQEHIRXQGLQWKH(GXFDWLRQDO3URJUDPV6HFWLRQRIWKH$FWLRQ3ODQLQWKLV5HSRUW DR A F T FTT RAAFFTT DDRRAAFTFTT RARAA epartepart Public WPublic h as near . ContinuousCo Reduction in Reduction in number of mber of collisions around ons aro schools Depa Pu rehensive rehensive ycle and ycle and pedestrian pedest safety safet education to educ all childrenall child ng elementary, ng elementary dle and high dle and chool students in chool students in WUD඼FVDIHW\WKURXJKWUD඼FVDIHW\WKURXJK Safe RSafe Routes to Schoolo School.. Empowering young mpowering youn people as leaders ple as lead to promote safe to promote saf transportation in their transportation in t communitiescommu. Provide Provid universal bike skills versal bike skills training for all ming fo school gradersl gr public schooic sch FUHDWHDWHDWHD curricucurricu manman inin 303 CC 07-09-2024 303 of 376 ACTION PLAN CUPERTINO VISION ZERO ACTION PLAN 92 FUNDING AND IMPLEMENTATION 7KH&LW\KDVQXPHURXVDYHQXHVWKURXJKZKLFKLWFDQÀQDQFHDQGFDUU\RXWWKHDFWLRQVOLVWHGEHORZ As an example, the integration of safety improvements into pavement management programs, other transportation capital projects, and new development initiatives is a viable approach. To secure dedicated funding for safety projects, the City may consider seeking support from state or regional sources such as Caltrans and MTC Active Transportation Programs, the Caltrans Highway Safety Improvement Program, the One Bay Area Grant Program, and the Transportation Development Act Article 3 (TDA3) Local Transportation Fund. Additional funding sources include Caltrans Sustainable Transportation Planning Grants, Safe Routes to School (SRTS) Funding, 7UDQVIRUPDWLYH&OLPDWH&RPPXQLWLHV 7&& 3URJUDPDQG&DOLIRUQLD2඼FHRI7UD඼F6DIHW\ 276  Grant Program. DR A F T rogrrogr m, and them, and onal funding souonal fu tes to School (SRTS) tes to Scho IRUQLD2඼FHRI7UD඼F6DIHW\IRUQLD2඼FHRI7UD 304 CC 07-09-2024 304 of 376 ACTION PLAN CUPERTINO VISION ZERO ACTION PLAN 93 VISION ZERO TASK FORCE WORK PLAN 7KH9LVLRQ=HUR7DVN)RUFHDLPVWRHOLPLQDWHDOOWUD඼FIDWDOLWLHVDQGVHYHUHLQMXULHVLQ&XSHUWLQR while increasing safe, healthy, and easily accessible mobility for all. This work plan outlines the key actions, responsible parties, timelines, and desired outcomes to achieve these goals. GOALS •(OLPLQDWHWUD඼FIDWDOLWLHVDQGVHYHUHLQMXULHV • Improve safety for vulnerable road users. •Enhance crash and injury data quality. • Strengthen local and regional partnerships. 1. ANNUAL TRAFFIC FATALITY AND SEVERE INJURY REPORTING • Action: Collect, analyze, and report data. • Outcome: Data-driven decision-making. 2. REVIEW ANNUAL TRAFFIC ENFORCEMENT, CITATIONS FOR TOP 5 KSI CAUSES • Action: Analyze and adjust enforcement strategies. • Outcome: Targeted enforcement to reduce severe incidents. 3. REACH VULNERABLE ROAD USERS VIA EXISTING EFFORTS • Action: Integrate safety messages into city programs. • Outcome: Increased safety awareness. 4. COLLABORATE WITH VTA FOR SAFER TRANSIT AREAS • Action: Conduct safety audits, and implement improvements. • Outcome: Safer transit stops. DR A F T ese ese VERE INJURY REPORTINGREPO dataata.. -making.. AFFIC ENFORCEMENT, CITATIOAFFIC ENFORCEMENT, d adjust enforcement strategiesd adjust enforcement strategie . geted enforcement to reduce seved enforcement to reduce seve H VULNERABLE ROAD USERS H VULNERABLE ROAD USE Action: Integrate safety messages inAction: Integrate safety messages in come: Increased safety awacome: Increased safety TE WITTE WIT 305 CC 07-09-2024 305 of 376 ACTION PLAN CUPERTINO VISION ZERO ACTION PLAN 94 5. COORDINATE EDUCATION CAMPAIGNS WITH ENFORCEMENT • Action: Launch campaigns timed with enforcement blitzes. •2XWFRPH,QFUHDVHGSXEOLFFRPSOLDQFHZLWKWUD඼FODZV 6. IMPROVE CRASH AND INJURY DATA QUALITY •$FWLRQ8SGDWHGDWDFROOHFWLRQSURWRFROVDQGWUDLQVWDර • Outcome: Reliable data for safety initiatives. 7. IMPROVE SPEED DATA QUALITY • Action: Create annual report from speed-monitoring devices and any vehicle speed study reports on key corridors in the City. • Outcome: Reliable data for speed of vehicles on key corridors. PERFORMANCE METRICS •5HGXFWLRQLQWUD඼FIDWDOLWLHVDQGVHYHUHLQMXULHV •Number of citations for top 5 KSI causes. • Safety improvements around transit stops. • Public awareness levels. • Quality of crash and injury data. REPORTING • Frequency: Annual reports to City Council and public. •5HYLHZ$QQXDOUHYLHZPHHWLQJVIRUHරHFWLYHQHVVDGMXVWPHQWV The Vision Zero Task Force will use collaboration, data-driven strategies, and community engagement to make Cupertino’s streets safer for all.DR A F T devices and any vehicle speed sdevices and any vehicle n key corridorskey corridors.. HYHUHLQMXULHVUHLQMXULHV KSI causess.. und transit stopsund transi . elsels.. and injury datand injury data.. NGNG equency: Annual reports to City Coequency: Annual reports to City C YLHZ$QQXDOUHYLHZPHHWLQJVYLHZ$QQXDOUHYLHZPHH oo Task FoTask Fo ake Cake C 306 CC 07-09-2024 306 of 376 ACTION PLAN CUPERTINO VISION ZERO ACTION PLAN 95 TRANSPORTATION TECHNOLOGY The technology related to transportation is evolving rapidly. From smart phone apps to regional infrastructure, the trend of creating “smart cities” extends strongly through this spectrum and into WKHUHDOPRIWUDQVSRUWDWLRQ6RPHEURDGDUHDVDUHRරHUHG Intersections represent the greatest challenge for vulnerable roadway users. Technology assistance can include: •Bicycle Detection, Pedestrian Detection •:D\ÀQGLQJDQG2ULHQWDWLRQDVVLVWDQFHGHYLFHVIRUEOLQGDQGYLVXDOO\LPSDLUHGSHUVRQV • Accessible Pedestrian Signals with custom speech messages (not tones, chirps, percussive VRXQGVHWF IRUZDONDQGÁDVKLQJGRQ·WZDONFRXQWGRZQGLVSOD\VOHDGLQJSHGHVWULDQLQWHUYDOV (LPIs) ,QWKHHYHQWRIDFUDVKODZHQIRUFHPHQWSHUVRQQHODUHH[SRVHGWRWKHULVNVRIDFWLYHWUD૾F while investigating the crash scene. A fatal crash results in crime scene protocols, which require longer and more detailed investigation, resulting itn even greater exposure to PRYLQJYHKLFXODUWUD૾FKD]DUGV • Deploy next generation emergency vehicle preemption to reduce response times and increase safety. •3URYLGHWHFKQRORJ\DQGWUDLQLQJIRUR඼FHUVWREHWWHUUHFRUGDQGSUHVHUYHFUDVKGHWDLOVDQG site evidence. •(PSOR\G\QDPLFWUD඼FUHURXWLQJVWUDWHJLHVWRPLQLPL]HH[SRVXUHWRPRYLQJWUD඼F Analysis should not be just reactive to documented crashes. Technology can provide a proactive view. • Deploy automated speed data collection technology to assess speeding patterns and conduct IUHTXHQWURDGVDIHW\DXGLWVEDVHGRQÀQGLQJV • Enhance signal system software and equipment to detect red light running and use data for enforcement and engineering. •,PSOHPHQW1HDU0LVV7UD඼F,QFLGHQW,GHQWLÀFDWLRQ6\VWHPVWKDWPRQLWRUIRUSDWWHUQVDQG frequency of near-miss collisions within signalized intersections. The City of Cupertino should take a leadership role in changing the characteristics of the vehicles traveling along our streets. •5HTXLUHWKDWDOOQHZYHKLFOHVDGGHGWRWKH&LW\ÁHHWEHJLQQLQJLQKDYHWKHODWHVWFUDVK reduction technology such as lane departure warning, forward crash avoidance sensors, school zone approach warnings, and other built-in safety equipment. DR A F T yy YLVXDOO\LPSDLUHGSHUVRYLVXDOO\LPSD sages (not tones, chirps, percusages (not tones, chi ZQGLVSOD\VOHDGLQJSHGHVWULDQLQWZQGLVSOD\VOHDGLQJSHGHVWU RQQHODUHH[SRVHGWRWKHULVNVRIQHODUHH[SRVHGW al crash results in crime scene presults in stigation, resulting itn even grstigation, resulting cy vehicle preemption to reduce hicle preemption to reduce rer WUDLQLQJIRUR඼FHUVWREHWWHUUHFRWUDLQLQJIRUR඼FHUVWRE WUD඼FUHURXWLQJVWUDWHJLHVWRPLQLWUD඼FUHURXWLQJVWUDWHJLHVWRPLQ d not be just rbe just reactive to documeactive to documrrr ew.w. y automated speed data collectiony automated speed data co TXHQWURDGVDIHW\DXGLWVEDVHGRQTXHQWURDGVDIHW\DXGLWVEDVHGR hance signal system software hance signal system sof cement and engineeringcement and engineer W1HDU0LVV7W1HDU0LVV7 near-misnear-mis 307 CC 07-09-2024 307 of 376 ACTION PLAN CUPERTINO VISION ZERO ACTION PLAN 96 The City of Cupertino should take a leadership role in changing the characteristics of the vehicles traveling along our streets. •5HTXLUHWKDWDOOQHZYHKLFOHVDGGHGWRWKH&LW\ÁHHWEHJLQQLQJLQKDYHWKHODWHVWFUDVK reduction technology such as lane departure warning, forward crash avoidance sensors, school zone approach warnings, and other built-in safety equipment. •Right-size city-owned vehicles by updating vehicle purchasing standards to ensure City phases VPDOOHUYHKLFOHVZLWKWKHODWHVWFUDVKUHGXFWLRQDQGVDIHW\WHFKQRORJ\LQWRLWVÁHHWZKHUH possible. •(TXLSDOO&LW\ÁHHWYHKLFOHVZLWKVDIHW\UHODWHGGHYLFHVGHVLJQVDQGWHFKQRORJ\WKDWUHFRUG and report dangerous driving behaviors. Actively partner with VTA to improve safety for transit patrons: • Evaluate opportunities to expand existing and/or implement new transit priority treatments. • Implement new transit vehicle engineering principles (such as rear-of-vehicle chevrons, right- side illumination during turns, and lane departure technology) to reduce collisions. •Provide protected crossings for transit patron to cross streets to reach transit stops. Partner for the funding of design, installation, and maintenance of such devices as RRFBs and PHBs. *HWWLQJSHRSOHDQGJRRGVDQGVHUYLFHVWRWKHLUXOWLPDWHGHVWLQDWLRQUHTXLUHVDÀQHJUDLQHG approach in the urban landscape. Automated modes and services have the potential to minimize the risk of mistakes resulting in a safer environment. Technology and actions include: • Autonomous Vehicles, Micro mobility • Vehicle-to-Vehicle (V2V) and Vehicle-to Infrastructure (V2I) interconnection and interaction • Working with tech companies and organizations to pioneer autonomous vehicle testing and adoption to improve safety while protecting privacy. • Enact ordinances and enabling legislation that balance the needs of technology service providers and societal expectations. • Pursuing vehicle automation and micro mobility adoption as a complement to rather than in replacement of improved public transportation and active transportation, with the goals of reduced VMT and risk of collisions.DR A F T DQGWHFKQRORJ\DQGWH atrons:atrons: ement new transit priority treatmeement new transit priority t ples (such as rear-of-vehicle chevrples (such as rear-of-vehicle chevr ture technology) to reduce collisiore technology) to atron to cross streets to reach traoss street and maintenance of such devices and maintenance of suc LFHVWRWKHLUXOWLPDWHGHVWLQDWLRQWRWKHLUXOWLPDWHGHVWLQDWLR pe. Automated modes and servmated modes and serv es resulting in a safer environmes resulting in a safer environm s, Micro mobilitys, Micro mobilit le (V2V) and Ve (V2V) and Vehicle-to Infrastructehicle-to InfrastructV th tech companies and organizatiompanies and organizati n to improve safety while protectinn to improve safety wh ct ordinances and ct ordinances and enabling legienabling le roviders and societal expectationroviders and societal expectation uing vehicle automation uing vehicle automatio ment of improved ment of improved MT and risk oMT and risk o 308 CC 07-09-2024 308 of 376 ACTION PLAN CUPERTINO VISION ZERO ACTION PLAN 97 EDUCATIONAL PROGRAMS The establishment of a Vision Zero policy should not be the end of the discussion. Continued community focus requires ongoing education and encouragement. For some, the answer to the question of what Vision Zero means to them personally or collectively requires an ongoing discussion. These suggested events and programs can help to continue the discussion and empower people to put voice to what they may feel or are perceiving as they travel Cupertino’s streets. SAFE ROUTES TO SCHOOL Safe Routes to School is a movement that aims to make it safer and easier for students to walk DQGELNHWRVFKRRO7KHÀUVWIHGHUDOO\IXQGHG6DIH5RXWHVWR6FKRROSURJUDPZDVFUHDWHGLQ 6DIH5RXWHVWR6FKRROSURJUDPVKDYHEHQHÀWHGPRUHWKDQVFKRROVLQDOOVWDWHV$QGWKH demand continues to grow, especially low-income communities, communities of color, and rural communities, where it is hard for anyone to safely and conveniently walk, bicycle, or get physical activity. The most successful Safe Routes to School programs incorporate the Six E’s: evaluation, education, encouragement, engineering, engagement, and equity. At the regional and state level, 6DIH5RXWHVWR6FKRROSUDFWLWLRQHUVZRUNWRÀQGQHZIXQGLQJDQGHQVXUHSURSHUVSHQGLQJRI existing funding for Safe Routes to School. And at the federal level, the Safe Routes Partnership and its allies maintain a steady voice for policy and funding support in Washington and provide a source of expert help, ideas, and resources for leaders at all levels. 7KH&LW\RI&XSHUWLQRFXUUHQWO\KDVD6DIH5RXWHVWR6FKRROSDUWQHUVKLSEHWZHHQ&LW\VWDරDQG community partners, including: Cupertino Union School District, Fremont Union High School District, Walk-Bike Cupertino, and Silicon Valley Bicycle Coalition. More information can be found at https://www.cupertino.org/our-city/departments/public-works/transportation-mobility/safe- routes-2-school AMERICANS WITH DISABILITIES ACT ENGAGEMENT ,Q&XSHUWLQRDFFHVVLELOLW\IRUSHRSOHZLWKGLVDELOLWLHVUHPDLQVDVLJQLÀFDQWFKDOOHQJH7UDYHOLQJ independently is hindered by various factors like missing sidewalks, damaged routes, and FRQIXVLQJWUD඼FVLJQDOV7KHVHLVVXHVRIWHQFRPSHOLQGLYLGXDOVWRIRUJRLQGHSHQGHQWWUDYHOHQWLUHO\ Collaborations with national organizations like AARP, Lighthouse for the Blind, ADAPT, and others present opportunities to partner with communities, share expertise, and enhance awareness. Events that simulate disabilities, such as blindfolded experiences or wheelchair navigation along EXV\VWUHHWVRරHULQYDOXDEOHSHUVSHFWLYHV7KHVHLQLWLDWLYHVIRVWHUXQGHUVWDQGLQJDQGLQFOXVLYLW\E\ allowing participants to grasp the daily obstacles faced by those with disabilities. Similarly, walking with gait restraints provides insight into the needs of individuals with ambulatory disabilities. Proactively involving marginalized groups in planning and engineering processes is crucial. Understanding the needs and perceptions of people with disabilities leads to better planning, programming, and design for ADA (Americans with Disabilities Act) improvements. DR A F T vel Cvel C r and easier for studentsr and easier fo 6FKRROSURJUDPZDVFUHDWHGLQ6FKRROSURJUDPZDVF QVFKRROVLQDOOVWDWHV$QQVFKRROVLQDOOVWD mmunities, communities of color, mmunities, communities of color, and conveniently walk, bicycle, or and conveniently walk, bicycle, or ool programs incorporate the Six rograms incor agement, and equitynd equit . At the regio NWRÀQGQHZIXQGLQJDQGHQVXUHNWRÀQGQHZIXQGLQJD hoolol.. And at the federal level, the And at the federal level, e for policy and funding support inolicy and funding support in resources for leaders at all levelsor leaders at all levels QWO\KDVD6DIH5RXWHVWR6FKRROQWO\KDVD6DIH5RXWHVW cluding: Cupertino Union School cluding: Cupertino Union S pertino, and Silicon Valley Bicycle pertino, and Silicon Valley Bicycl w.cupertino.org/our-city/departmenpertino.org/our-city/departmeng/ y/ p CANS WITH DISABILITIES ACTCANS WITH DISABILITIES A XSHUWLQRDFFHVVLELOLW\IRUSHRSOHXSHUWLQRDFFHVVLELOLW\IRUSHRSOH ndently is hindered by vandently is hindered b WUD඼FVLJQDOV7KHVHLVWUD඼FVLJQDOV7KHVH ns with national ons with national nities to pnities to p 309 CC 07-09-2024 309 of 376 ACTION PLAN CUPERTINO VISION ZERO ACTION PLAN 98 The introduction of the Public Right of Way Accessibility Guidelines (PROWAG) Final Rule in 6HSWHPEHUPDUNVDVLJQLÀFDQWVWHS,WDLPVWRHQVXUHWKDWSHGHVWULDQIDFLOLWLHVZLWKLQWKH SXEOLFULJKWRIZD\DUHDFFHVVLEOHDQGXVDEOHIRUSHRSOHZLWKGLVDELOLWLHV'HVSLWHRQJRLQJHරRUWV pedestrians with disabilities across the United States still encounter substantial challenges due to inaccessible sidewalks, crosswalks, and other pedestrian facilities. PROWAG introduces two empowering aspects for ADA planning and design practitioners: ,WDOORZVWKHXVHRIDOWHUQDWLYHGHVLJQVSURGXFWVRUWHFKQRORJLHVWKDWRරHUHTXDORUEHWWHU accessibility than the guidelines’ requirements (R102.1 ADA-Covered Facilities and Equivalent Facilitation). It mandates compliance with requirements to the maximum extent feasible in cases where existing physical constraints make full compliance technically infeasible (R202.3 Existing Physical Constraints). Constructive partnerships with ADA advocates and interest groups foster consensus and proactive LPSURYHPHQWV7KLVFROODERUDWLYHDSSURDFKHQVXUHVWKDWHරRUWVDOLJQZLWKWKHFRQWH[WDQGDUH LPSOHPHQWHGZLWKPXWXDOWUXVWDQGEHOLHILQWKHLUHරHFWLYHQHVV)RUIXUWKHULQIRUPDWLRQUHIHUWR https://www.access-board.gov/prowag/. WALKING/CYCLING/TRANSIT FIELD DAYS These events take the form of activities like “Ride Your Bike to Work Day”, “Walk Your Child to School Day”, or “Take the Bus to Work Day”. They encourage people to consider traveling by other modes than driving. What also happens is that the challenges of these other modes become apparent, especially where such travel feels uncomfortable or unsafe. Other events can include community walking or cycling assessments. Led by a knowledgeable and seasoned practitioner, groups walk or cycle around their community and identify DQG GRFXPHQW GHÀFLHQFLHV DQG FKDOOHQJHV RI WKH EXLOW HQYLURQPHQW 7KHVH HYHQWV FDQ UHVXOW LQ ZULWWHQ UHSRUWV DQG SUHVHQWDWLRQV WR RZQLQJ MXULVGLFWLRQV DQG HOHFWHG R඼FLDOV COMMUNITY WALKING AUDITS A walk audit is an assessment of the pedestrian safety, accessibility, and comfort of a particular DUHD,QDGGLWLRQWRGRFXPHQWLQJVSHFLÀFLVVXHVDQGHQJDJLQJWKHFRPPXQLW\LQDGYRFDWLQJIRU LPSURYHPHQWVZDONDXGLWVFDQEHPRVWHරHFWLYHZKHQSXEOLFR඼FLDOVDQGFRPPXQLW\PHPEHUV of varying backgrounds, ages and abilities are intentionally invited and welcomed along so they can experience and react to the conditions directly. The Walk2Connect program of America Walks helps to build a more human and connected world E\HPSRZHULQJLQGLYLGXDOVFRPPXQLW\JURXSVDQGEXVLQHVVHVWRH[SHULHQFHWKHEHQHÀWVRI person-to-person, shoulder-to-shoulder connection – what is called “life at 3 mph.” Rooted in the simple act of walking, Walk2Connect grows the walking movement by inviting communities down pathways toward sustained communal health and stronger community relationships. DR A F T RරRර Facilities Facilit extent feasible in caseextent feasib y infeasible (R202y infeasible (R202..3 Existing Phy3 E terest groups foster consensus andterest groups foster consensus and UHVWKDWHරRUWVDOLJQZLWKWKHFRQVWKDWHරRUWVDOLJ KHLUHරHFWLYHQHVV)RUIXUWKHULQIRFWLYHQHVV)R ELD DAYS AYS activities like “Ride Your Bike to ke “Ride Your Bike to Bus to Work Day”Bus to Work Day”.. They The encour rivingriving. What also happens is th What also happ ent, especially where such travel ent, especially where such tr community walking or cyclingcommunity walking or cycling practitioner, groups walk or cyioner, groups walk or cy QW GHÀFLHQFLHV DQG FKDOOHQJHVW GHÀFLHQFLHV DQG ZULWWHQ UHSRUWV DQG SUHVHQWDWLRZULWWHQ UHSRUWV DQG SUH MUNITY WALKING AUDITS MUNITY WALKING AU audit is an assessment of audit is an assessment GLWLRQWRGRFXPHQWLGLWLRQWRGRFXPHQ ZDONDXGLWVZDONDXGLWV ounds,ounds, 310 CC 07-09-2024 310 of 376 ACTION PLAN CUPERTINO VISION ZERO ACTION PLAN 99 Some suggestions for success include: • SET SOME GOALS - Decide what you want to accomplish • PICK YOUR PLACE – Choose the route carefully, scout it ahead of time, and make sure everyone will be safe • GRAB A GEAR – Bring along clipboards, printed guides, and pens, as well as a tape measure and a camera • BE UNIVERSAL – Before starting, remind everyone to prioritize safety and to imagine a small child or a person with a disability on this walk (a great tool is to bring a stroller to Identify mobility) • TAKE PAUSE – Stop every few blocks to analyze the conditions, make notes, and take photos • KEEP IT SHORT – Don’t make it too long; a one mile walk audit can easily last an hour with stops for discussion • CURATE YOUR CREW – Identify participants from the neighborhood and others whom you want to recruit as advocates • BRING IN LOCAL LEADERS²,QYLWHRQHRUWZRSXEOLFR඼FLDOVVXFKDVSODQQHUVHQJLQHHUVRU City Council members • USE TOOLS&KRRVHDVSHFLÀFJXLGHVXFKDVWKH$$53:DON$XGLW7RRO.LWDQGVHQGLWWR participants in advance • CHAT AND ASSESS – At the end, ask everyone to share their “take-aways” More information can be discovered at https://americawalks.org/. MEDICAL SERVICES PROVIDERS Communities aiming for Vision Zero policies should partner with local healthcare and emergency VHUYLFHV7KHVHHQWLWLHVZLWQHVVÀUVWKDQGWKHLPSDFWRIWUD඼FLQFLGHQWVDQGKROGYDOXDEOHGDWDVXFK as anonymized emergency room visit records. These records reveal unreported crash locations DQGGHWDLOVWKDWFDQJXLGHFRPPXQLW\HQJDJHPHQWDQGHGXFDWLRQDOLQLWLDWLYHVWRHQKDQFHWUD඼F safety. For instance, the collaboration between Austin, Texas, and Dell Children’s Hospital showcased the power of such partnerships. Dell Children’s provided GIS-based crash data, including heat maps of motor vehicle, bike, and pedestrian incidents seen in their emergency room. This data uncovered unreported crashes, especially in lower socioeconomic areas and communities of color. It highlighted incidents involving intoxicated individuals and revealed details like bike helmet usage in cyclist crashes and child seat information in motor vehicle incidents involving children. DR A F T RA ty and to ty and o bring a strolleo brin ditions, make notes, and take phditions, make notes, a le walk audit can easily last an hole walk audit can easily last an ts from the neighborhood and othm the neighbo RQHRUWZRSXEOLFR඼FLDOVVXFKDVRQHRUWZRSXEOLFR඼FLDOVV FLÀFJXLGHVXFKDVWKH$$53:DOXFKDVWKH$$53:DO – At the end, ask everyone to sha– At the end, ask everyone t an be discovered at n be discovered at https://amerhttps://amerp//icic SERVICESSERVICES PROVIDERS PROVIDERS unities aiming for Vision Zero policunities aiming for Vision Zero po FHV7KHVHHQWLWLHVZLWQHVVÀUVWKDQFHV7KHVHHQWLWLHVZLWQHVVÀUVWKDQ nymized emergency room vnymized emergency ro VWKDWFDQJXLGHFRPVWKDWFDQJXLGHFRP collabcollab 311 CC 07-09-2024 311 of 376 ACTION PLAN CUPERTINO VISION ZERO ACTION PLAN 100 7KLV SDUWQHUVKLS HQDEOHG WDUJHWHG HGXFDWLRQDO HරRUWV GLVWULEXWLRQ RI IUHH VDIHW\ JHDU DQG LPSURYHPHQWV LQ WUD඼F VLJQDO RSHUDWLRQV VLGHZDONV DQG SHGHVWULDQ IDFLOLWLHV EDVHG RQ FUDVK GDWD $GGLWLRQDOO\ LW DLGHG LQ GLUHFWLQJ WUD඼F HQIRUFHPHQW DFWLRQV LQYHVWLJDWLQJ overserving in drinking establishments, and identifying areas needing better safety measures. IMPROVING ACCESS TO TRANSIT 7KH)HGHUDO7UDQVLW$GPLQLVWUDWLRQ )7$ RරHUVSURJUDPVDQGIXQGLQJRSSRUWXQLWLHVWRHQKDQFH WKHXQGHUVWDQGLQJDQGQHHGIRUHරHFWLYHSXEOLFWUDQVLW)RUH[DPSOHWKHLU(QKDQFHG0RELOLW\ of Seniors & Individuals with Disabilities - Section 5310 program provides formula funding to states and designated recipients to meet the transportation needs of older adults and people with GLVDELOLWLHVZKHQWKHWUDQVSRUWDWLRQVHUYLFHSURYLGHGLVXQDYDLODEOHLQVX඼FLHQWRULQDSSURSULDWH to meeting these needs. The program aims to improve mobility for older adults and people with disabilities by removing barriers to transportation service and expanding transportation mobility options. More information is available at https://www.transit.dot.gov/. Another resource is National Alliance of Public Transportation Advocates (NAPTA), a national organization representing grassroots transit coalitions, grassroots transit rider organizations and advocates that support increasing investment in public transportation. Their objectives are: • To create a diverse, committed, and visible national alliance of local public transit coalitions. • To generate a heightened level of advocacy through constituent visits, calls, e-mails, and letters at necessary and appropriate times in the congressional decision-making process. • To link local transit coalitions with new advocacy tools and resources. NAPTA supports the Transit-Walkability Collaborative, which consists of national, state-level, and local leaders in the walkability and public transit advocacy movements who recognize the V\QHUJLHVEHWZHHQWKHVHWZRWUDQVSRUWDWLRQPRGHVDQGWKHEHQHÀWVRIFROODERUDWLRQ Learn about NAPTA at https://www.publictransportation.org/napta/. DRDR A F T KHLU(KHLU( ovides formuovides f older adults and pf older a EOHLQVX඼FLHQWRULQDSSEOHLQVX඼FLHQ lity for older adults and peoplelity for older adults a and expanding transportation moand expanding transportat ansit.dot.gov/ansit.d ./ Transportation Advocates (NAPTAansportation Advo oalitions, grassroots transit rider or, grassroots nt in public transportationanspor. Their o d visible national alliance of local pisible national alliance of loc of advocacy through constituent vacy through constituent v te times in the congressional decise times in the congressional decis alitions with new advocacy tools analitions with new advocacy Transit-Walkability CollaborativeTransit-Walkability Collaborativ in the walkability and public transthe walkability and public trans HHQWKHVHWZRWUDQVSRUWDWLRQPRGWZRWUDQVSRUWDWLRQPRG t NAPTA at t NAPTA at https://www.publictranhttps://www.pp// p 312 CC 07-09-2024 312 of 376 ACTION PLAN CUPERTINO VISION ZERO ACTION PLAN 101 TRAFFIC ENFORCEMENT PROGRAMS 7UD඼FUHJXODWLRQVDUHLQSODFHWRHVWDEOLVKDVHQVHRIRUGHUDQGJXDUDQWHHWKHVDIHW\RIDOOLQGLYLGXDOV navigating Cupertino. Promoting compliance with these road rules will enable law enforcement to IRVWHUVHFXUHDQGLQYLWLQJVWUHHWVZLWKLQWKH&LW\7KHVHVXJJHVWHGWUD඼FHQIRUFHPHQWVWUDWHJLHV and programs will help keep the City of Cupertino’s streets safe. HIGH VISIBILITY ENFORCEMENT High-visibility enforcement is a multifaceted approach to law enforcement that captures the public’s attention by employing highly visible patrols, such as checkpoints, saturation patrols, or PHVVDJHERDUGV7KH&DOLIRUQLD2඼FHRI7UD඼F6DIHW\ 276 RරHUVWKUHHJUDQWIXQGLQJVRXUFHVWR VXSSRUWWKH&DOLIRUQLD+LJKZD\3DWURO &+3 LQWKHLUHරRUWVWRHQKDQFHKLJKYLVLELOLW\HQIRUFHPHQW The primary objective of the Get Education and Ride Safe III (GEARS III) grant is to decrease the number of motorcycle-related collisions resulting in killed or seriously injured (KSI) individuals. The Safer Highways Statewide grant aims to reduce the number of KSI collisions involving alcohol. Lastly, the Regulate Aggressive Driving and Reduce Speed V (RADARS V) grant is targeted at lowering the number of victims killed or injured in crashes caused by factors like speeding, improper turning, driving on the wrong side of the road, or reckless driving. The fundamental purpose of high-visibility enforcement is to encourage voluntary adherence WR WUD඼F ODZV DQG DFFRUGLQJ WR UHVHDUFK FRQGXFWHG E\ WKH 1DWLRQDO +LJKZD\ 7UD඼F 6DIHW\ $GPLQLVWUDWLRQ 1+76$ LWVWDQGVRXWDVRQHRIWKHPRVWHරHFWLYHVWUDWHJLHVIRULPSURYLQJVDIHW\ outcomes.61 ,PSRUWDQWWRQRWHWKDWWUDGLWLRQDOWUD඼FODZHQIRUFHPHQWPHWKRGVKDYHOHGWRFRQFHUQVRIUDFLDO SURÀOLQJSROLFHYLROHQFHDQGQHJDWLYHLPSDFWVRQFRPPXQLWLHVRIFRORU$FFRUGLQJWRWKH86 Department of Justice, Black and Hispanic individuals face a higher likelihood of experiencing police force during stops compared to white individuals. In response, cities are transitioning to equity-focused approaches that prioritize safety for all, targeting the most dangerous reckless behaviors while addressing enforcement disparities. This shift involves various strategies, including LPSOHPHQWLQJIDLUHUÀQHVWUXFWXUHVDQGDQDO\]LQJGHPRJUDSKLFGDWDLQWUD඼FFLWDWLRQV 6 Richard, C. M., Magee, K., Bacon-Abdelmoteleb, P., & Brown, J. L. (2018). Countermeasures That Work: A Highway Safety &RXQWHUPHDVXUH*XLGH)RU6WDWH+LJKZD\6DIHW\2඼FHV 1R'27+6 8QLWHG6WDWHV'HSDUWPHQWRI7UDQVSRUWDWLRQ 1DWLRQDO+LJKZD\7UD඼F6DIHW\$GPLQLVWUDWLRQKWWSVZZZQKWVDJRYVLWHVQKWVDJRYÀOHVGRFXPHQWVBFRXQWHUPHDVXUHV that-work-a-highway-safety-countermeasures-guide-.pdf. Accessed February 14, 2022. DR A F T rcement thatrceme ckpoints, saturation ckpoints, HUVWKUHHJUDQWIXQGLQJVRHUVWKUHHJUDQWI HQKDQFHKLJKYLVLELOLW\HQIRUFHPHQKDQFHKLJKYLVLELOLW e III (GEARS III) grant is to decrease III (GEARS III) grant is to d killed or seriously injured (KSI) indkilled or seriously injured (KSI) in the number of KSI collisions involvthe number of KSI collisions involv educe Speed V (RADARS V) grantSpeed V (RAD njured in crashes caused by factorashes c de of the road, or reckless drivingde of the road, or reckle visibility enforcement is ty enforcement i to encouencou  UHVHDUFK FRQGXFWHG E\ WKH 1DWFRQGXFWHG E\ WKH 1DW QGVRXWDVRQHRIWKHPRVWHරHFWLYGVRXWDVRQHRIWKHPRVWHරHFWLY WUDGLWLRQDOWUD඼FODZHQIRUFHPHQWWUDGLWLRQDOWUD඼FODZHQIRUFHP OHQFHDQGQHJDWLYHLPSDFWVRQFHQFHDQGQHJDWLYHLPSDFWVRQF ustice, Black and Hispanic individBlack and Hispanic individ during stops compared to white inuring stops compar used approaches that prioritize saused approaches that pri ors while addressing enforcement dors while addressing enforcemen HPHQWLQJIDLUHUÀQHVWUXFWXUHVDQGHPHQWLQJIDLUHUÀQHVWUXFWXUHVDQG 313 CC 07-09-2024 313 of 376 ACTION PLAN CUPERTINO VISION ZERO ACTION PLAN 102 TRAFFIC VIOLATORS SCHOOL ,QQXPHURXVMXULVGLFWLRQVGULYHUVZKRKDYHDFFXPXODWHGDVSHFLÀFQXPEHURIGHPHULWSRLQWVRQ WKHLUGULYHU VOLFHQVHVPD\EHRරHUHGWKHRSSRUWXQLW\WRHQUROOLQ7UD඼F9LRODWRU6FKRRODVDPHDQV WRUHGXFHWKHLUSXQLVKPHQW7\SLFDOO\XSRQVXFFHVVIXOFRPSOHWLRQRI7UD඼F9LRODWRU6FKRROWKHLU WUD඼FRරHQVHVDUHGLVPLVVHGRUH[SXQJHGIURPWKHLUGULYLQJUHFRUGV 1HJRWLDWHGSOHDDJUHHPHQWVDUHDQLQGLVSHQVDEOHFRPSRQHQWRIDZHOOIXQFWLRQLQJDQGH඼FLHQW court system. Nevertheless, these agreements can lead to the reduction or elimination of penalties IRURරHQGHUVVXFKDVLQFDVHVZKHUHDGULYHULVSHUPLWWHGWRDYRLGDVXVSHQVLRQRIWKHLUGULYHU V OLFHQVHE\DWWHQGLQJ7UD඼F9LRODWRU6FKRRO RED LIGHT VIOLATION CAMERAS &LWLHVHPSOR\UHGOLJKWFDPHUDVDVDPHDQVRIXSKROGLQJWUD඼FOLJKWUHJXODWLRQVE\LGHQWLI\LQJ and penalizing drivers who disregard them. These cameras operate by capturing multiple images RIPRWRULVWVZKRGLVREH\UHGVLJQDOVDWLQWHUVHFWLRQV,QFRRUGLQDWLRQZLWKWKHWUD඼FVLJQDOV these cameras detect and photograph drivers who fail to come to a halt when the light turns red, subsequently issuing a ticket to the vehicle’s owner through the mail. To gain a comprehensive understanding of red light cameras, it is essential to explore their purpose, the regulations JRYHUQLQJWKHLUXVHDQGGLරHUHQWLDWHWKHPIURPRWKHUW\SHVRIWUD඼FFDPHUDV Red light cameras, which function as automated enforcement systems, are deployed by law HQIRUFHPHQWWRRYHUVHHLQWHUVHFWLRQVHTXLSSHGZLWKWUD඼FVLJQDOV7KHVHFDPHUDVDUHSRVLWLRQHG WR PRQLWRU YHKLFOHV DV WKH\ WUDYHUVH WKHVH LQWHUVHFWLRQV SDUWLFXODUO\ ZKHQ WKH WUD඼F VLJQDO indicates a red light. According to the National Conference of State Legislatures (NCSL), nearly 350 municipalities across the United States employ red light cameras, though as of June 2023, eight states have prohibited their use. 7KHVLJQLÀFDQFHRIUHGOLJKWFDPHUDVLQHQKDQFLQJURDGVDIHW\EHFRPHVHYLGHQWZKHQFRQVLGHULQJ the statistics provided by the Insurance Institute for Highway Safety (IIHS). In 2021, there were 1,109 fatalities and 127,000 injuries resulting from crashes involving red light violations. However, the IIHS also highlights a positive impact, reporting a 21% reduction in fatal red light running crash rates in large cities where red light camera enforcement has been implemented. These cameras play a vital role in curbing dangerous driving behaviors and contributing to the overall safety of road users. TRAFFIC SAFETY DIVERSION PROGRAM 'HVLJQDWUD඼FVDIHW\GLYHUVLRQSURJUDPVSHFLÀFDOO\IRUELF\FOHDQGSHGHVWULDQWUD඼FYLRODWLRQV with the primary goal of facilitating access to safety courses and programs centered on biking and walking. The program would provide a way for people who bike and walk to remove or reduce a WUD඼FYLRODWLRQÀQHZKLOHDOVROHDUQLQJSHGHVWULDQDQGELF\FOHODZVDQGVDIHZDONLQJDQGULGLQJ skills. DR A F T SHQVLRSHQVL ඼FOLJKWUHJXODWLRQVE\LGHQFOLJKWUHJXODWLR operate by capturing operate by capturing multiple imm ,QFRRUGLQDWLRQZLWKWKHWUD඼FV,QFRRUGLQDWLRQZLWKWKHWUD඼ il to come to a halt when the light il to come to a halt when the light ner through the mailr through the mai . To gain a co sential to explore their purpose, to explore t IURPRWKHUW\SHVRIWUD඼FFDPHUDSHVRIW automated enforcement systemutomated enforcement sys QVHTXLSSHGZLWKWUD඼FVLJQDOV7KSSHGZLWKWUD඼FVLJQDOV7K DYHUVH WKHVH LQWHUVHFWLRQV SDUWLFXH LQWHUVHFWLRQV SDUWLF ng to the National Conference ng to the National Conf of f the United States employ red lighthe United States emplo bited their usebited their use.. UHGOLJKWFDPHUDVLQHQKDQFLQJURDGOLJKWFDPHUDVLQHQKDQFLQJURD ovided by the Insurance Institute by the Insurance Institute es and 127,000 injuries resulting fres and 127,000 injurie also highlights a positive impact, also highlights a positive im rates in large cities where red ligrates in large cities where red l eras play ras pla a vital role in curbing dn cu f road usersf road u . AFEAFETY DIVERSIOTY DIVERSIO VDIHW\GLYHVDIHW\GLYH oal ooal o 314 CC 07-09-2024 314 of 376 ACTION PLAN CUPERTINO VISION ZERO ACTION PLAN 103 PUBLICIZED SOBRIETY CHECKPOINTS 6REULHW\FKHFNSRLQWVDUHHVWDEOLVKHGE\ODZHQIRUFHPHQWR඼FHUVWRLQVSHFWYHKLFOHVIRUVLJQVRI driver impairment. These checkpoints can involve either stopping every vehicle passing through RUVWRSSLQJYHKLFOHVDWSUHGHÀQHGLQWHUYDOVVXFKDVHYHU\WKLUGRUWHQWKYHKLFOH7KHIXQGDPHQWDO JRDO RI WKHVH FKHFNSRLQWV LV WR GLVFRXUDJH LQGLYLGXDOV IURP GULYLQJ XQGHU WKH LQÁXHQFH E\ heightening the perceived likelihood of encountering law enforcement and facing arrest. To achieve this objective, it is essential for sobriety checkpoints to be conspicuously positioned, widely advertised, and consistently carried out as an integral component of an ongoing sobriety checkpoint initiative. HIGH VISIBILITY SATURATION PATROLS A saturation patrol, which can also be referred to as a blanket patrol or a dedicated DWI patrol, LQYROYHV DVXEVWDQWLDO FRQWLQJHQW RI ODZ HQIRUFHPHQW R඼FHUV /(2V  FRQGXFWLQJ VXUYHLOODQFH within a designated region with the aim of identifying impaired drivers. Typically, these patrols are scheduled for periods and locations where incidents of impaired driving-related crashes frequently transpire. Similar to well-publicized sobriety checkpoint initiatives, the primary objective of widely announced saturation patrol programs is to discourage individuals from driving under WKHLQÁXHQFHE\HOHYDWLQJWKHSHUFHLYHGOLNHOLKRRGRIEHLQJDSSUHKHQGHG7KHUHIRUHLWLVFUXFLDO to extensively promote and regularly carry out saturation patrols as part of an ongoing program dedicated to this purpose. DR A F T f af a patrol or a dedicated DWpatrol or a ded FHUV /(2V  FRQGXFWLQJ VXUYHLOFHUV /(2V  FRQGXFWL mpaired driversmpaire. Typically, these pacally, tT dents of impaired driving-related dents of impaired driving-relate ety checkpoint initiatives, the primaety checkpoint initiatives, the prima s is to discourage individuals fromo discourage in KRRGRIEHLQJDSSUHKHQGHG7KHHLQJDSSU y out saturation patrols as part of ay out saturation patrols 315 CC 07-09-2024 315 of 376 ACTION PLAN CUPERTINO VISION ZERO ACTION PLAN 104 PARTNERSHIP 7KH&LW\RI&XSHUWLQRZLOOUHTXLUHSDUWQHUVKLSVWRLQFUHDVHWKHH඼FDF\RIWKH9LVLRQ=HUR$FWLRQ 3ODQ6HYHUDOVWUDWHJLHVKDYHEHHQLGHQWLÀHGEHORZ$VFRQGLWLRQVDQGVWUDWHJLHVHYROYHWKH strategies and supporting elements will evolve as well. • COLLABORATION WITH NEARBY CITIES Partner with neighboring cities to advocate and engage with the State Legislature and the Governor to pass legislation enabling the use of speed cameras throughout the State of &DOLIRUQLD7KLVOHJLVODWLYHFKDQJHZLOODOORZ&XSHUWLQRWRHQKDQFHWKHHQIRUFHPHQWRIWUD඼F safety laws through the use of cameras. • PUBLIC HEALTH AND MEDICAL INSTITUTION Establish partnerships with local public health organizations, hospitals, and trauma centers to integrate crash data with health outcome information. This data linkage will provide a more comprehensive understanding of the impact of crashes and will support evidence-based solutions in Cupertino's Vision Zero initiatives. • PRIVATE SECTOR ENGAGEMENT Collaborate with private sector entities, including businesses heavily reliant on Cupertino's streets, such as delivery companies and transportation network companies (TNCs). This SDUWQHUVKLSZLOOHQVXUHWKDWSULYDWHFRPSDQLHVDFWLYHO\FRQWULEXWHWR9LVLRQ=HURHරRUWVDQG prioritize street safety in their operations. • ADVOCACY FOR SAFER DELIVERY VEHICLES Collaboratively pursue local and state regulations that mandate the use of smaller, safer delivery vehicles in urban environments. Cupertino can work with partner cities and organizations to promote the adoption of these regulations where appropriate. • TRAFFIC SAFETY EDUCATION IN SCHOOLS :RUNZLWKWKH6WDWH'HSDUWPHQWRI(GXFDWLRQWRLQWHJUDWHWUD඼FVDIHW\HGXFDWLRQLQWRVFKRRO curriculums across Cupertino. This initiative aims to educate and raise awareness among students about the importance of safe road behaviors. • COMMUNITY AND SCHOOL AMBASSADOR PROGRAMS Launch community and school-based outreach programs in Cupertino. Utilize resources available on Cupertino's Vision Zero website to create materials and activities that increase awareness and engagement in preventing future injury crashes. These programs will involve local communities and schools in promoting road safety within the city. • PARTNER WITH TRANSIT AGENCIES Forge partnerships with regional transit agencies to implement coordinated safety measures DLPHGDWUHGXFLQJWUD඼FIDWDOLWLHVDQGLQMXULHV%\FROODERUDWLQJZLWKWUDQVLWDJHQFLHV Cupertino can explore strategies such as enhanced driver training programs, implementation of advanced safety technologies in public transit vehicles—including collision avoidance systems and real-time monitoring—and the development of shared safety data systems. Additionally, joint initiatives can focus on improving infrastructure around transit hubs to enhance pedestrian and cyclist safety. DR A F T State LegState L as throughout as thro QFHWKHHQIRUFHPHQQFHWKHH nizations, hospitals, and trauma cnizations, hospitals, and traum formationformat. This data linkage will is data linkage will act of crashes and will support evidct of crashes and w es. ties, including businesses heavily es, including businesses h nies and transportation network and transportation networ YDWHFRPSDQLHVDFWLYHO\FRQWULEXWPSDQLHVDFWLYHO\FRQWULEXW r operations. ER DELIVERY VEHICLESER DELIVERY VEHICLE e local and state regulations that me local and state regulations environmentsenviro. Cupertino can workCupertino can w option of these regulations whereption of these regulations where SAFETY EDUCATION IN SCHOODUCATIO WKWKH6WDWH'HSDUWPHQWRI(GXFDWWKWKH6WDWH'HSDUWPHQ culums across Cupertinoculums across Cupertino.. This ini Th udents about the importance of saudents about the importance of s OMMUNITYOMMU AND SCHOOL CH h community and schh community and s on Cupertino's Von Cupertino's V and engageand engage nities annities an 316 CC 07-09-2024 316 of 376 ACTION PLAN CUPERTINO VISION ZERO ACTION PLAN 105 By working together, Cupertino and transit agencies can create a safer and more integrate transportation system that aligns with Vision Zero principles. %\DGDSWLQJWKHVHVWUDWHJLHVWKH&LW\RI&XSHUWLQRFDQHQKDQFHWKHH඼FDF\RILWV9LVLRQ=HURSODQ fostering a safer and more secure environment for its residents. 317 CC 07-09-2024 317 of 376 ACTION PLAN CUPERTINO VISION ZERO ACTION PLAN 106 CONTINUOUS DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS $FKLHYLQJWKHJRDORIHUDGLFDWLQJWUD඼FIDWDOLWLHVUHTXLUHVDGHHSXQGHUVWDQGLQJRIWKHORFDWLRQV timing, and causes of collisions and injuries leading to deaths, along with a proactive response to the latest incidents and emerging patterns. The city will introduce tools to enhance its comprehension of road safety and embed responsiveness within the system. 1. Annual Collision Analysis and Reporting Perform and compile an annual collision assessment report, which involves creating FROOLVLRQSURÀOHVDQGFRPSDULVRQRIYDULRXVWLPHSHULRGVWRHQKDQFHWKHLGHQWLÀFDWLRQ of trends and progress toward Vision Zero. This analysis should incorporate accessible demographic and environmental justice data as well. Periodic updates to the High-Injury Network (HIN) and Action Plan are necessary to align with the progress achieved and to formulate new strategies and countermeasures if the existing actions fail to yield the intended outcomes. 2. Online Dashboard Platform An online dashboard and analytical tool should be developed to collect and analyze collision data, leveraging technology to better understand core collision factors and surrogate safety measures, including collecting automated speed data and conducting near-miss analysis, identifying hard braking hotspots, and pinpointing hazard/community feedback clusters. 3. High Injury Network Map In the City of Cupertino, more than 72% of the severe injuries and fatal crashes occur on just seven city streets. The Cupertino Vision Zero Action Plan leverages a decade’s worth of collision data to pinpoint the areas where the most substantial investments in engineering, HGXFDWLRQDQGHQIRUFHPHQWFDQ\LHOGWKHPRVWVLJQLÀFDQWUHGXFWLRQVLQIDWDOLWLHVDQG severe injuries. By mapping these high-risk corridors using the most current data, the City can identify critical areas of concern and use up-to-date information to plan and prioritize SURMHFWVHරHFWLYHO\ 4. Complete Injury and Fatality Reporting A considerable portion of pedestrian and cyclist injuries go unrecorded in police statistics, leading to an inadequate depiction of street safety. Collaborating with city partners, the local hospitals and trauma centers can establish a holistic system for the precise, well- coordinated, and prompt surveillance of injuries and fatalities. This comprehensive approach is essential for prioritizing safety projects, conducting assessments, and delivering accurate reports. DR A F T ncence report, which involves report, which HULRGVWRHQKDQFHWKHLGHQWLÀFDHULRGVWRHQKDQFHWK analysis should incorporate analysis should incorporat acce s wells well. Periodic updates to the Higthe H ary to align with the progress acary to align with the progress ac rmeasures if the existing actions fsures if the exi nalytical tool should be developecal tool should be develop technology to better understandgy to better understand res, including collecting automates, including collecting automat dentifying hard braking hotspots, adentifying hard braking h Network MapNetwork Map y of Cupertino, more than 72% of upertino, more than 72% of ven city streetsen city streets.. The The Cupertino Visi ision data to pinpoint the areas whision data to pinpoint the HGXFDWLRQDQGHQIRUFHPHQWFDQHGXFDWLRQDQGHQIRUFHPHQWFD severe injuriessev. By mapping themapping the can identify critical areas of can identify critical area RMHFWVHරHFWLYHO\RMHFWVHරHFWLYHO\ ete Injurete Injur y any anrr rable prable p 318 CC 07-09-2024 318 of 376 ACTION PLAN CUPERTINO VISION ZERO ACTION PLAN 107 VISION ZERO AND GENERAL PLAN UPDATE Cupertino’s Community Vision 2040, which is also their state-mandated General Plan, broach- es the concept of safer streets in two primary sections: Chapter 1 – Introduction and Chapter 5 – Mobility. Yet the language used is not as empowering as that of the tenants of Vision Zero. Additionally, other chapters which generally would not weigh in on the discussion of Vision Zero should be revised to add their voices to the adoption and integration of Vision Zero into all aspects of the General Plan. CHAPTER 1 –INTRODUCTION This chapter presents the now-dated notion that safety and mobility are exclusive and not inclusive topics. The Purpose of Community Vision 2040 states, “Due to the breadth of topics covered in &RPPXQLW\9LVLRQFRQÁLFWVEHWZHHQPXWXDOO\GHVLUDEOHJRDOVDUHLQHYLWDEOH)RULQVWDQFH LQFUHDVHGDXWRPRELOHPRELOLW\PD\FRQÁLFWZLWKDVDIHZDONDEOHFRPPXQLW\µ7KHODVWVHQWHQFH is written with the premise that crashes are inevitable and thus acceptable. It also lends to the QRWLRQWKDWPRELOLW\LVGHÀQHGDVPRYLQJPRWRUYHKLFOHVDWVSHHGZLWKOLWWOHRUQRGHOD\DQGWKDW the needs of motorists have priority over all other roadway users. It is suggested the sentence be removed from future versions of the General Plan. 7KHIRXUWKJXLGLQJSULQFLSOH(QKDQFH0RELOLW\VD\V´(QVXUHWKHH඼FLHQWDQGVDIHPRYHPHQWRI cars, trucks, transit, pedestrians, bicyclists and disabled persons throughout Cupertino in order to fully accommodate Cupertino’s residents, workers, visitors and students of all ages and abilities.” $JDLQH඼FLHQF\LVSODFHGDKHDGRIVDIHW\DQGWKHOLVWLQJRIWKHPRGHVRIWUDYHOKDVYXOQHUDEOH roadway users at the end. If written with Vision Zero as an overarching tenant, it might instead read, ´(QVXUHWKHVDIHDQGH඼FLHQWPRYHPHQWRISHRSOHDQGJRRGVZLWKWKHVSHFLÀFJRDORIHOLPLQDWLQJ all fatal and serious injury crashes by 2040 regardless of age, ability, identity, or mode choice. Special attention should be given to the needs of vulnerable roadway users such as pedestrians, F\FOLVWVFKLOGUHQDQGWKHHOGHUO\DQGSHRSOHZLWKGLVDELOLWLHVWRWUDYHOVDIHO\DQGH඼FLHQWO\DORQJ DQGDFURVV&XSHUWLQR·VVWUHHWVµ7KHWHUP´H඼FLHQWO\µLVXVHGGHOLEHUDWHO\DVQRQPRWRULVWVDUH susceptible to adverse impacts from weather, lack of shade and shelter, presence of barriers and obstacles, lack of accommodating travel facilities, lack of protected street crossings, presence of PRGHUDWHWRKLJKYROXPHVRIYHKLFXODUWUD඼FWUDYHOLQJDWVSHHGDQGH[FHVVLYHWUDYHOGLVWDQFHV relative to mode and ability. On the other hand, the seventh guiding principle, Ensure Attractive Community Design, and the eighth guiding principle, Embrace Diversity, both lend themselves to supporting Vision Zero. Communities are places where people live, work, play, learn, and heal. Community planning and design follows from societal values of environment, economy, equity, and livability. Livability LQFOXGHVPDNLQJSODFHVWKDWÀWWKHQHHGVDQGDVSLUDWLRQVRIUHVLGHQWV7KHGHVLJQRIFRPPXQLWLHV LVLQÁXHQFHGE\WKHGHVLJQRILWVVWUHHWV6WUHHWVWKDWDUHSODQQHGDQGGHVLJQHGVRWKDWWKH\IHHO safe and comfortable, so that they are interesting, and so that they are attractive, will be places where people want to be. DR A F T iscussiiscuss of Vision Zerof Visi d mobility are exclusive and not incld mobility are exclusive and “Due to “Due the breadth of topics coopics c \GHVLUDEOHJRDOVDUHLQHYLWDEOH)\GHVLUDEOHJRDOVDUHLQHYLWDEOH) KDVDIHZDONDEOHFRPPXQLW\µ7KHDIHZDONDEOHFR inevitable and thus acceptableand thus . It PRWRUYHKLFOHVDWVSHHGZLWKOLWWOHPRWRUYHKLFOHVDWVSHHG er all other roadway usersall other roadway users.. It is sug It is General Planral Plan. QKDQFH0RELOLW\VD\V´(QVXUHWKHKDQFH0RELOLW\VD\V´(QVXUHWKH ans, bicyclists and disabled personans, bicyclists and disable rtino’s residents, workers, visitors rtino’s residents, workers, v DFHGDKHDGRIVDIHW\DQGWKHOLVWLDFHGDKHDGRIVDIHW\DQGWKHOL he endend.. If written with Vision If written with Vision Zero asZero as HDQGH඼FLHQWPRYHPHQWRISHRSOHFLHQWPRYHPHQWRISHRSOH serious injury crashes by 2040 reserious injury crashe ttention ttention should be given to the neshould be given to VFKLOGUHQDQGWKHHOGHUO\DQGSHVFKLOGUHQDQGWKHHOGHUO\DQGSH DFURVV&XSHUWLQR·VVWUHHWVµ7KHDFURVV&XSHUWLQR·VVWUHHWVµ7KH ble to adverse impacts froble to adverse impacts ack of accommodatack of accommoda KLJKYROXPHVKLJKYROXPHV and abiand abi 319 CC 07-09-2024 319 of 376 ACTION PLAN CUPERTINO VISION ZERO ACTION PLAN 108 Such streets, which can be termed as “livable” or “walkable” or “people-centric”, become desirable, ZKLFKWUDQVODWHVLQWRHFRQRPLFEHQHÀWVIRUWKHFRPPXQLW\7KHUHLVHFRQRPLFYDOXHLQTXDOLW\ place making that feels safe and is safe as the design of streets directly impacts the character of the surrounding community. Vision Zero enables this to occur. CHAPTER 3 –LAND USE AND COMMUNITY DESIGN 7KHLQWURGXFWLRQWRWKLVFKDSWHULGHQWLÀHVLWVHOIDVWKHNH\VWRQHRI&RPPXQLW\9LVLRQ,W provides “an overall policy context for future physical change. It deals with the issues of future JURZWK DQG KHOSV GHÀQH WKH GHVLUHG EDODQFH DPRQJ VRFLDO HQYLURQPHQWDO DQG HFRQRPLF considerations, while enhancing quality of life in the community.” Further, this chapter “aspires to … create a vibrant community with inviting streets and public spaces [and] preserved, connected and walkable neighborhoods….” To achieve this requires that streets are perceived to feel safe and be safe. Thus Vision Zero should be included and referenced throughout this chapter. For example, in the Looking Forward section, the third guiding principle is Integrating Community Health into Land Use Planning. The principle directs the integration of “land use and transportation networks to reduce reliance on auto usage and improving alternative choices for transportation by focusing growth and change in corridors that support all modes of transit, providing neighborhoods with easy access to schools, parks and neighborhood centers.” The citywide goal LU-1 states, “Create a balanced community with a mix of land uses that supports thriving businesses, all modes of transportation, complete neighborhoods and a healthy community.” This goal lends itself well to VXSSRUW9LVLRQ=HURDQGWH[WWRWKDWHරHFWVKRXOGEHLQFOXGHGSDUWLFXODUO\LQ3ROLF\/8/DQG Use and Transportation. The nexus between public health and street safety is well documented. If a street is perceived as being unsafe, then it would not lend itself to travel by modes other than motor vehicles, which reduces physical activity, increases instances of obesity, diabetes, and cardiovascular disease. Air quality is also reduced, resulting in more respiratory illnesses particularly for children and those ZKRKDYHXQGHUO\LQJPHGLFDOFRQGLWLRQV$QLQDELOLW\WRZDONRUF\FOHWRDVWRUHWKDWRරHUVKHDOWK\ choices of foods is also curtailed, further exacerbating obesity and poor dietary habits that lead to long-term health impacts. CHAPTER 5 –MOBILITY ELEMENT The purpose for this chapter is to implement strategies that make alternative modes of transportation attractive choices. This will help reduce strain on the automobile network and improve health and quality of life for Cupertino residents and businesses. 0RELOLW\LVGHÀQHGDVWKHVDIHDQGH඼FLHQWPRYHPHQWRISHRSOHDQGJRRGVWKURXJKDWUDQVSRUWDWLRQ system; it is not simply moving cars at speed. Yet, many of our transportation decisions are made with the intent of reducing travel time for motorists, sometimes at the expense of other roadway Figure 16: Midblock Crossing DR A F T QPHQWDQPHQ her, this chapher, thi es [and] preserved,es [and] eets are perceived to feel eets are perceiv throughout this chapterthroughout this chap . n the Looking Forward section, thn the Looking Forward section nciple is Integrating Community Hnciple is Integrating Community H e PlanningPlannin. The e principle directs thprinc nd use and transportation netw and transp iance on auto usage and improvingusage a for transportation by focusing gfor transportation by foc corridors that support all mocorridors that support all m neighborhoods with easy aeighborhoods with easy a neighborhood centersghborhood centers ”” “Create ate a balanced ca b that supports tsupp ete neighborhoods and a healthy ete neighborhoods and a health RDQGWH[WWRWKDWHරHFWVKRXOGEHDQGWH[WWRWKDWHරHFWVKRXOGEH ortation. between public health and street between public health an nsafe, then it would not lend itsensafe, then it would not lend i ces physical activity, increases instces physical activity, increases inst y is y is also reduced, resulting in also reduced, resulti XQGHUO\LQJPHGLFDOFRQXQGHUO\LQJPHGLFDOF oods is also curtaoods is also curta ealth impacalth impac II CrossingCrossin 320 CC 07-09-2024 320 of 376 ACTION PLAN CUPERTINO VISION ZERO ACTION PLAN 109 users. Our streets are designed to a “design speed” that in practice produces vehicular speeds that are above the posted speed limit. A better approach for Vision Zero is to adopt a methodology where an “optimized safe and context-sensitive operating speed for all users” is determined given the context and the expectations of the public. Then, designers can choose geometric design parameters to achieve this speed. As a result, the optimized safe and context-sensitive operating speed for all users is the design speed and is also equal to the speed limit. Speed studies conducted IROORZLQJFRPSOHWLRQRIWKHSURMHFWZRXOGWKHQFRQÀUPWKDWWKHYDVWPDMRULW\RIPRWRULVWVDUHLQ reasonable conformance with these values. This chapter should speak to adopting designs that result in lower speeds; simply lowering the speed limit and conducting targeted enforcement does not result in a sustained change in driver behavior. Reevaluating the speed limits on major streets in business and residential areas and other stretches LGHQWLÀHGDV´VDIHW\FRUULGRUVµE\DSSO\LQJWKHJXLGHOLQHVRXWOLQHGLQ$%LVDSUXGHQWSODQWR HQKDQFHSXEOLFVDIHW\7KLVDSSURDFKDOORZVIRUFRQWH[WVSHFLÀFVSHHGDGMXVWPHQWVLPSURYLQJ WUD඼FÁRZUHGXFLQJDFFLGHQWVDQGIRVWHULQJFRPPXQLW\OLYDELOLW\%\EDVLQJGHFLVLRQVRQGDWDDQG actual conditions, it ensures that speed limits are reasonable, enforceable, and widely supported, OHDGLQJWRVDIHUDQGPRUHH඼FLHQWURDGZD\V Another strategy to consider is to design our communities and their streets to be to more of a people-centric scale instead of an auto-centric scale. Typical walkable “blocks” are in the range of 250 to 300 feet in length. Superblocks, where the distance between intersections is far greater than this, curtail walking and cycling and reinforce the need to travel by motor vehicle. As opposed to following a prescriptive numerical based decision process, protected crossings should be installed based on context and the application of engineering judgement geared towards the Vision Zero tenants. It is recommended that future text strongly encourages and supports this approach. CHAPTER 6 – ENVIRONMENTAL RESOURCES AND SUSTAINABILITY The topic of environmental resources and sustainability may initially not seem to have a nexus to Vision Zero. However, the introduction states, “… cities need to identify ways to protect and restore natural ecosystems through land use decisions, building designs and resource conservation. This entails that community guardians and planners apply the principals of sustainability, only achieved by embedding social equity, economic and the environmental considerations throughout the development process, including mobility, infrastructure, water and energy use, buildings, streetscape and landscape, and land use planning.” Sustainability is planning and designing communities such that present needs are met without compromising the ability to meet future needs. Previously stated was the fact that community planning and design based on a desire to be sustainable follows from societal values of environment, economy, equity and livability. Thus, to plan, design, and construct streets and intersections to be people-centric places contributes to sustainability which can enhance community resiliency. A strategy for “softening” our streets is to incorporate landscaping, streetscaping, rain gardens, and bioswales. Reducing impervious cover, creating microclimates via shade, and capturing previously XQWUHDWHGVWRUPZDWHUUXQRරDQGH[SRVLQJLWWRELRUHPHGLDWLRQDOOFDQEHLQFOXGHGLQJHRPHWULF street features that promote Vision Zero. Language that speaks to this aspect should be included in future versions of this chapter. DR A F T adoado ng targetng targ sidential areas and other ssidential areas a XWOLQHGLQ$%LVDSUXGHQWSOXWOLQHGLQ$%LVDS VSHFLÀFVSHHGDGMXVWPHQWVLPSURVSHFLÀFVSHHGDGMXVWPHQW W\OLYDELOLW\%\EDVLQJGHFLVLRQVRQGW\OLYDELOLW\%\EDVLQJGHFLVLRQVRQ asonable, enforceable, and widelyasonable, enforceable, and widely our communities and their streets es and entric scaleentric sca . Typical walkable walkab “bloc where the distance between intersere the distance between inte d reinforce the need to travel by mce the need to travel by m cal based decision procsion process, protectess, protect pplication of engineering judgemepplication of engineering ed that future text strongly encoured that future text strongly RONMENTAL RESOURCES ANDRONMENTAL RESOURCES AN ronmental resources and sustainabental resources and sustainab owever, the introduction states, “… introduc osystems through land use decisosystems through land ails ails that community guardians anthat community guardians ved by embedding social equity, eved by embedding social equity, e evelopment process, includinevelopment process, inc pe and landscape, and lpe and landscape, an is planning anis planning an e abilitye ability bb 321 CC 07-09-2024 321 of 376 ACTION PLAN CUPERTINO VISION ZERO ACTION PLAN 110 CHAPTER 7 – HEALTH AND SAFETY The introduction to this chapter states that Cupertino “is committed to maintaining a high level of preparedness to protect the community from risks to life, property and the environment associated ZLWKERWKQDWXUDODQGKXPDQFDXVHGGLVDVWHUVDQGKD]DUGVµ<HWLWLVZULWWHQZLWKSROLFHÀUHDQG (06DVWKHWDUJHWDXGLHQFH+HUHWKHPDWHULDOVKRXOGEHH[SDQGHGWRLQFOXGHWUD඼FFUDVKHVDQG the tenants of Vision Zero. As an example, in 1996 the City of Carmel, Indiana adopted the policy WRUHSODFHDOORILWVWUD඼FVLJQDOVZLWKPRGHUQURXQGDERXWV Today, Carmel has over 140 roundabouts. Their crash rate is far lower than neighboring Indianapolis. As a result of not having to respond to vehicle crashes, Carmel made the business GHFLVLRQVHYHUDO\HDUVDJRWRHOLPLQDWHWKHÀUHGHSDUWPHQW·VKHDY\UHVFXHYHKLFOHIURPWKHÁHHW 7KHÀUHÀJKWHUVDVVLJQHGWRWKDWSLHFHRIHTXLSPHQWZHUHUHDVVLJQHGWRRWKHUDUHDVRIQHHG &DUPHOVWLOOKDVLQWHUMXULVGLFWLRQDODJUHHPHQWVZLWKQHLJKERULQJÀUHDQGOLIHVDIHW\DJHQFLHVIRU KHDY\UHVFXHVXSSRUWEXWWKHVDYLQJVWRWKHÀUHGHSDUWPHQW·VRSHUDWLQJEXGJHWZDVVLJQLÀFDQW and a testament to the commitment to Vision Zero. This chapter states, “In the future, more emphasis will be placed on sustainable approaches to FRPPXQLW\KHDOWKDQGVDIHW\LQFOXGLQJFULPHDQGÀUHSUHYHQWLRQWKURXJKGHVLJQLPSURYHGXVH of technology, management of hazardous materials and improved disaster planning.” Vision Zero and the proven safety countermeasures as listed by FHWA should be added to this list. DR A F T ower tower Carmel madCarme \UHVFXHYHKLFOHIUR\UHVFXHY VVLJQHGWRRWKHUDUHDVRVVLJQHGWRRWK ULQJÀUHDQGOLIHVDIHW\DJHQFLHULQJÀUHDQGOLIHVDIH PHQW·VRSHUDWLQJEXGJHWZDVVLJQLÀPHQW·VRSHUDWLQJEXGJHWZD s will be placed on sustainable awill be placed on DQGÀUHSUHYHQWLRQWKURXJKGHVLJSUHYHQWLRQ materials and improved disaster plamprove as listed by FHWA should be addeas listed by FHWA should b 322 CC 07-09-2024 322 of 376 CUPERTINO VISION ZERO ACTION PLAN 111 CITY OF CUPERTINO HOW TO GET INVOLVED 3URPRWLQJWUD඼FVDIHW\DQGUHGXFLQJIDWDOLWLHVDQGVHULRXVLQMXULHVLVDYLWDOJRDOIRUDQ\FRPPXQLW\ DQGLWUHTXLUHVDFROOHFWLYHHරRUWIURPERWKFLW\R඼FLDOVDQGWKHUHVLGHQWV+HUHDUHVRPHZD\VLQ ZKLFKWKHFRPPXQLW\FDQFRQWULEXWHWRDFKLHYLQJWKHVWDWHGJRDORIUHGXFLQJWUD඼FIDWDOLWLHVDQG injuries in the City of Cupertino: TASK A DRIVING EDUCATION CLASS Attending a driving education class is crucial for acquiring the knowledge and skills needed to be a responsible and safe driver. PLEDGE TO NOT TEXT Take a pledge to not text while driving to eliminate distractions and enhance road safety. INSTALL ANTI-TEXTING SOFTWARE ON PHONE Installing anti-texting software on cell phones can help ensure focus remains on the road, preventing dangerous texting and driving. OBSERVE RULES OF ROAD WHEN DRIVING $OZD\VREVHUYHWKHUXOHVRIWKHURDGZKHQGULYLQJWRSURPRWHDVDIHUDQGPRUHRUJDQL]HGWUD඼F environment. BICYCLING ETIQUETTE :KHQF\FOLQJSUDFWLFHSURSHUELF\FOLQJHWLTXHWWHE\VLJQDOLQJWXUQVREH\LQJWUD඼FVLJQDOVDQG sharing the road courteously with other users. BE AN ALERT PEDESTRIAN Be an alert pedestrian by paying attention to surroundings, using designated crosswalks, and making eye contact with drivers before crossing streets. SAFE ROUTES FOR ALL Support the development of safe routes for all modes of transportation to encourage alternative means of travel and enhance overall road safety.DR A F T e and skie and ns and enhance road safetyns and enhance road . n help ensure focus remains on n help ensure focus remains on NG QGULYLQJWRSURPRWHDVDIHUDQGPQGULYLQJWRSURPRWHDV ELF\FOLQJHWLTXHWWHE\VLJQDOLQJWXELF\FOLQJHWLTXHWWHE\VLJQDOLQJWX y with other usersy with other . TRIANTRIAN ian by paying attention to surrouan by paying attention to surro act with drivers before crossing strth drivers before crossing str ES FOR ALLES FOR AL the development of safe routes fothe development of safe rout s of travel and enhance overall roas of travel and enhance overall ro 323 CC 07-09-2024 323 of 376 CHAPTER 4 - TECHNICAL APPENDICES CUPERTINO VISION ZERO ACTION PLAN 324 CC 07-09-2024 324 of 376 DESIGN & LAYOUT BY TJKM TRANSPORTATION CONSULTANTS PHOTOGRAPHS PROVIDED BY TJKM TRANSPORTATION CONSULTANTS 4305 HACIENDA DR, SUITE 550 PLEASANTON, CA 94588 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED COPYRIGHT © 2024 TJKM TRANSPORTATION CONSULTANTS NO PORTION OF THIS REPORT MAY BE USED OR REPRODUCED WITHOUT PRIOR WRITTEN CONSENT OF THE CITY OF CUPERTINO. DR A F T YT TTT 325 CC 07-09-2024 325 of 376 CITY OF CUPERTINO Agenda Item 23-12475 Agenda Date: 7/9/2024 Agenda #: 4. Subject: Implementation of an on-street two-way Class IV bike lane on Vista Drive and Forest Avenue (Alternative 3) along the Lawson Middle School frontage and prohibition of parking along the west side of Vista Dive between Forest Avenue and Merritt Drive for the accommodation of Class IV bicycle lanes and adoption of an Ordinance Municipal Code Table 11.24.150, relating to prohibition of parking along certain streets. 1. Authorize the implementation of an on-street two-way Class IV bikeway on the west side of Vista Drive between Forest Avenue and Merritt Drive and the north side of Forest Avenue between Vista Drive (west) and Vista Drive (east) and proceed with preparation of final design. 2. Conduct the first reading of Ordinance 24-2263, "An Ordinance of the City Council of the City of Cupertino amending Table 11.24.150 of the Cupertino Municipal Code Relating to Prohibition of Parking along certain streets." Presenter: David Stillman, Transportation Manager CITY OF CUPERTINO Printed on 7/3/2024Page 1 of 1 powered by Legistar™326 CC 07-09-2024 326 of 376 CITY COUNCIL STAFF REPORT Meeting: July 9, 2024 Subject Implementation of an on-street two-way Class IV bike lane on Vista Drive and Forest Avenue (Alternative 3) along the Lawson Middle School frontage and prohibition of parking along the west side of Vista Drive between Forest Avenue and Merritt Drive for the accommodation of Class IV bicycle lanes and adoption of an Ordinance Municipal Code Table 11.24.150, relating to prohibition of parking along certain streets. Recommended Action (1) Authorize the implementation of an on-street two-way Class IV bikeway on the west side of Vista Drive between Forest Avenue and Merritt Drive and the north side of Forest Avenue between Vista Drive (west) and Vista Drive (east) and proceed with preparation of final design. (2) Conduct the first reading of Ordinance 24-XXX, “An Ordinance of the City Council of the City of Cupertino amending Table 11.24.150 of the Cupertino Municipal Code Relating to Prohibition of Parking along certain streets.” Reasons for Recommendation Project Background and Description The Lawson Middle School Bikeway Project (Project) was initiated as a result of the School Walk Audit Implementation Project. The purpose of the School Walk Audit Implementation Project was to enhance the safety of students walking or biking to the City of Cupertino's fourteen public schools by identifying various improvement projects to enhance roadway safety for all school-age children. The Project developed a comprehensive list of recommendations for improving bicyclist and pedestrian safety surrounding Cupertino's public schools. One of the improvements identified in the School Walk Audit Implementation Project was the installation of a two-way separated bike path at Lawson Middle School, which would provide a safe and convenient way for students to access the campus bike cages. Due to the congested conditions during the morning drop-off and afternoon pick-up times, the sidewalks adjacent to the school are crowded with students, and the streets around the school experience significant vehicular traffic. Installing the bike path would provide cyclists with a separate, dedicated space, keeping them away from vehicles on the road and pedestrians on the sidewalks. 327 CC 07-09-2024 327 of 376 2 Figure 1: Project Location The City Council authorized the Lawson Middle School Bikeway Project in the Fiscal Year (FY) 22-23 Work Plan, with a budget of $40,000, to evaluate alternative configurations for a bike path to access the bike racks from the neighboring streets. Transportation Division staff hired Hexagon Transportation Consultants, Inc. to assist with this effort. Existing Neighborhood Roadway Conditions Lawson Middle School is bordered by Merritt Drive to the north, Vista Drive to the east and Forest Avenue to the south (see Figure 1). The following description provides a detailed summary of adjacent streets and their current conditions. 328 CC 07-09-2024 328 of 376 3 Merritt Drive: Merritt Drive is an east-west two-lane residential street with speed tables. On-street parking is available on both sides of Merritt Drive, although most spots require a permit during school hours (8 a.m. to 4 p.m., Monday through Friday). Lawson Middle School has a staff parking lot with two driveways on Merritt Drive, which also serves as one of the two primary areas for parents to drop off or pick up their children. Vista Drive: Vista Drive is a north-south two-lane residential street between Merritt Drive and Stevens Creek Boulevard with parking on both sides. Between Merritt Drive and Forest Avenue, the entire west side of Vista Drive fronts Lawson Middle School. South of Forest Avenue, Vista Drive continues with an offset that is approximately 200 feet west of the northern stretch. The school’s parking lot also has one driveway on Vista Drive. The second main drop-off/pick-up area for the school is an on-site loop located along Vista Drive, which is accessed via two driveways (see Figure 1). Forest Avenue / Lazaneo Drive: Forest Avenue/Lazaneo Drive is an east-west two-lane residential street with speed tables and with parking on both sides. However, no parking is permitted on the north side of Forest Avenue along the Lawson Middle School frontage. Forest Avenue is blocked off to vehicular traffic just east of the northern stretch of Vista Drive. However, bicyclists and pedestrians are permitted through this road closure onto Forest Avenue. Cupertino Unified School District (CUSD) offices are located immediately west of the school and have a parking lot with a driveway onto Forest Avenue. This location comprises the north leg of the intersection with the southern stretch of Vista Drive. 2Observed School Traffic Circulation Data collection and analysis of existing conditions were performed in the Fall 2022 to understand current school operations, identify potential safety issues, and assess on- street parking usage. Intersection vehicle volume, pedestrian, and bicycle counts were conducted during the peak one-hour periods for school drop-offs and pick-ups. These counts occurred at the following five key locations near the school, as well as at each of the school's five driveways.  Blaney Ave/Merritt Drive  Vista Drive/Merritt Drive  Vista Drive/Apple Tree Lane  Vista Drive/Forest Ave  Vista Drive/Lazaneo Drive During the morning drop-off and afternoon pick-up periods, parents can utilize either the school parking lot or the drop-off loop located on Vista Drive. There are also two different sets of bike cages for students to park their bikes. One bike cage is located at the northwest corner of the school, accessible via Merritt Drive. The other is located just 329 CC 07-09-2024 329 of 376 4 north of the school’s track field, accessible via Vista Drive. A crossing guard is positioned at the intersection of Vista Drive and Merritt Drive. On-street parking utilization counts were conducted through field observations on a typical weekday and a typical weekend on Merritt Drive west of Blaney Avenue, Vista Drive between Forest Avenue and Merritt Drive, and on Apple Tree Lane. The weekday count was conducted to capture demand during peak school drop-off and pick-up operations, as well as during peak residential usage. The weekend count was conducted to understand peak demand during residential weekend usage. Field observations were also conducted during a typical Tuesday and Wednesday (trash pickup day in the neighborhood) on Merritt Drive, Mariani Avenue, Vista Drive, and Forest Avenue to better understand typical behaviors during drop-off and pick-up, as well as identify potential safety issues related to bicycle/pedestrian, bicycle/vehicle, and pedestrian/vehicle conflicts. Analysis Data collection showed that vehicular traffic near the campus is generally low to moderate during the peak drop-off and pick-up operations, with less than 200 vehicles per direction. During the morning drop-off peak period, parents used the Merritt Drive 330 CC 07-09-2024 330 of 376 5 staff parking lot, the Vista drop-off loop, the CUSD parking lot, and the Apple campus parking lot at the end of Mariani Avenue. Some parents also elected to park on-street on Vista Drive and neighboring streets. Temporary queues would form on Merritt Drive and Vista Drive, but they would dissipate relatively quickly once school started. During the school pick-up time, many parents arrived early. Parents would park on- street on Vista Drive and neighboring streets, as well as inside the Apple and the CUSD parking lots. Some queued inside the staff parking lot. Just prior to students leaving the school, the queue inside the staff lot would spill out onto Merritt Drive and back up towards Vista Drive. However, queues would quickly dissipate once pick-up operations began. On-street parking utilization counts showed that during a normal school weekday, on- street parking utilization on Vista Drive picks up at around 8 a.m. and generally stays consistent at about 20 to 30 vehicles parked during the school day. At 3 p.m., when parents pick up their children, the utilization peaks at about 75 parked vehicles, then drops to 10 parked vehicles or fewer after 4 p.m. On-street parking utilization during the weekend was relatively low throughout the day. Merritt Drive and Apple Tree Lane experienced similar patterns in parking utilization during school days and weekends. However, the peak parking demand on both streets did not exceed 60% of the available on-street parking spaces. After-school sports activities occur three to four times a week, generally ending between 5 p.m. and 6 p.m. There are also approximately 12 evening school-wide events per year. These evening events, as well as some after-school sports events, have the potential to generate a considerable amount of on-street parking demand. Pedestrian volumes were heavy before school started and after school ended. Some students were dropped off and/or picked up by parents who parked on the east side of Vista Drive. These students generally crossed Vista Drive midblock. Bike counts showed that bike volumes south of the Vista Drive bike cage were relatively high before school started and after school ended. North of the Vista Drive bike cage, bike volumes were generally low on Merritt Drive. Students who used the Merritt Drive bike cage typically arrived from Mariani Avenue. During field observations, many bicycle/vehicle, bicycle/pedestrian, and pedestrian/vehicle conflict areas were observed. Bicycle/pedestrian conflict areas generally included students biking on sidewalks (mostly along the west side of Vista Drive) and students biking across crosswalks, navigating around crossing pedestrians without yielding. Pedestrian/vehicle conflict areas generally included students crossing Vista Drive midblock. At the intersection of Vista Drive (north leg) and Forest Avenue, eastbound vehicles turning left onto Vista Drive do not have a stop sign, but these 331 CC 07-09-2024 331 of 376 6 vehicles are turning into a marked crosswalk. Staff observed some instances where pedestrians began walking across the crosswalk while vehicles were turning into the crosswalk. However, all these vehicles noticed the pedestrians and yielded. Proposed Bikeway Alternatives Four primary alternatives were developed during the project’s public outreach efforts to address these conflict areas. During the initial phases of the outreach, based on public input and feasibility of the alternatives, the alternatives were narrowed down to two primary alternatives that were the focus of more detailed discussions. Alternative 2 The first, identified as Alternative 2 during the public process and in the feasibility study (See Attachment C, pages 31-32 of the Feasibility Study, Sheets 3 and 4), proposes to build a Class I two-way mixed-use trail along the school frontage, including the west side of Vista Drive from Merritt Drive to Forest Avenue and along the north side of Forest Avenue between Vista Drive (north leg) and Vista Drive (south leg). The proposed mixed-use trail would generally be 10-feet in width, with a two-foot shoulder on either side. However, due to utility constraints between the Vista Drive bike cage and Merritt Drive, the trail would need to be narrowed to eight feet in width, with a two-foot shoulder on either side. This reduced width would also require slightly narrowing Vista Drive. No narrowing is required south of the bike cage, and no on-street parking would be affected by this alternative. At the intersection of Vista Drive and Merritt Drive, as well as the intersection of Vista Drive (south leg) and Lazaneo Drive, bicycle crossing enhancements would be provided to facilitate bicycle access to the multi-use trail. Benefits of this alternative include:  Bicycle physical separation from vehicles  Fewer bike crossing of vehicle lanes required  No on-street parking impacts Drawbacks of this alternative include:  Possible conflicts with pedestrians  Utility relocations  Removal of 19 small trees and 9 mature trees  Curb relocation north of the Vista Drive bike cage  High cost (about $1.15 million) Alternative 3 The other concept, identified as Alternative 3 during the public process and the feasibility study (see Attachment B), proposes constructing an on-street Class IV two- way bike facility along the west side of Vista Drive from Merritt Drive to Forest Avenue and along the north side of Forest Avenue between Vista Drive (north leg) and Vista 332 CC 07-09-2024 332 of 376 7 Drive (south leg). The proposed bicycle facility, which would be constructed within the parking lane adjacent to the curb, would be eight feet wide (four feet in each direction) with a three foot buffer and physical vertical separation, consisting of flexible posts, from the vehicle lanes. This alternative would remove on-street parking on the west side of Vista Drive within the limits of the bicycle improvements. On-street parking is currently prohibited along the north side of Forest Avenue where the improvements are proposed. Benefits of this alternative include:  Bicycle physical separation from both vehicles and pedestrians  Fewer bike crossing of vehicle lanes required  No tree removal or utility relocation required  Low cost ($120,000) Drawbacks of this alternative include:  Removal of approximately 50 on-street parking spaces along the west side of Vista Drive With respect to the removal of on-street parking associated with this alternative, within a five-minute walkshed of the school, there are approximately 500 on-street parking spaces. While the CUSD parking lot is not a public parking lot, CUSD staff has indicated that they are open to allowing parents to park in their lot during after-school or weekend events. Figure 3: Walkshed Analysis As shown in Table 1, both alternatives improve bicycle safety by reducing bicycle/vehicle conflicts. Both alternatives have their benefits and drawbacks related to on-street parking, utility relocation, tree removal, and costs. // // 333 CC 07-09-2024 333 of 376 8 Alternative 2 Alternative 3 Addresses Bike/Pedestrian/Vehicle Conflicts Yes Yes Relocate Utilities Yes None Remove Trees 28 None Remove On-Street Parking Spaces None 50 Cost to Implement ~$1,150,000 ~$115,000 Notes:  Starting at the BPC hearing, Alternative 2 is renamed to Alternative A and Alternative 3 is renamed to Alternative B during public meetings. Table 1: Alternatives Evaluation Outreach Efforts Extensive outreach to neighbors, parents, students, and other stakeholders and members of the public was conducted. City staff established and maintained a project webpage. Hexagon and City staff facilitated three community meetings, a stakeholder meeting, and presented to the Bicycle Pedestrian Commission (BPC). Community meetings were heavily advertised to the public, including on the City’s social media channels, through the City’s Safe Routes to School mailing list, via school messaging from Lawson staff, laminated posters posted around the school, and property owners within several blocks of the site were directly notified with postcards mailed to the resident and owner mailing addresses. A brief discussion of each meeting is provided below, in chronological order. Community Meeting #1 Hexagon and City staff hosted the first community meeting on November 10, 2022, in person at Lawson Middle School. Approximately 30 people attended. The purpose of this meeting was to introduce the project to the public. The public provided input, as well as comments and suggestions related to the data collection efforts. This meeting informed Hexagon’s scope in data collection and field observations. Stakeholder Meeting Hexagon and City staff hosted a stakeholder meeting on February 9, 2023, with representatives from CUSD and Lawson Middle School. The purpose of this meeting was to introduce Hexagon’s analysis, present preliminary alternatives, and determine the level of stakeholder support. The preliminary alternatives presented to the stakeholders were:  Alternative 1: Bike route and sharrow signage and pavement markings only  Alternative 2: Two-way mixed-use trail to replace existing sidewalk  Alternative 2A: A variant of Alternative 2 with Rectangular Rapid Flashing Beacon (RRFB)  Alternative 3: On-street two-way Class IV bike facility 334 CC 07-09-2024 334 of 376 9 The stakeholders were generally supportive of the study’s direction and the presented alternatives. Community Meeting #2 Hexagon and City staff hosted the second community meeting on March 16, 2023, virtually via Zoom. Approximately 30 people attended. The purpose of this meeting was to introduce Hexagon’s analysis and the preliminary alternatives presented during the stakeholder meeting. The team collected public comments, answered questions, and polled the meeting attendees with a series of in-meeting survey questions to identify their preferences for the alternatives. Based on in-meeting surveys as well as email submissions of preferences after the meeting, the alternatives were narrowed down to three options: Alternative 2, Alternative 2A, and Alternative 3. Alternative 2A was a slight modification of Alternative 2 and was originally created due to the uncertainty over the relocation of a light pole in the CUSD parking lot. However, City staff has since confirmed the infeasibility of relocating that pole, and as a result, Alternative 2A was not carried forward in the study process. Alternative 1 was also not carried forward due to lack of public support. Alternatives 1st Preference 1st or 2nd Preference Alternative 1 7% 7% Alternative 2/2A 29% 86% Alternative 3 50% 57% No Change Alternative 4% 7% Notes:  Preferences obtained from virtual in-meeting polls and email submissions received after the meeting (from people who did not vote in the meeting)  Starting at the BPC hearing, Alternative 2 is renamed to Alternative A and Alternative 3 is renamed to Alternative B during public meetings. Table 2: Community Preference Community Meeting #3 Hexagon and City staff hosted the third community meeting on April 17, 2023, virtually via Zoom. The purpose of this meeting was to provide more details on Alternatives 2 and 3 and gauge public support for the alternatives. Similar to the second community meeting, the team collected public comments, answered questions, and polled the audience on a series of questions. These questions were designed to identify the public’s preferred alternative. The same poll questions were also published on the project website. Bicycle Pedestrian Commission Meeting The results of the study were presented to the BPC at the May 17, 2023, meeting. The Commission voted 4-0, with Commissioner Ganga abstaining, to recommend that the 335 CC 07-09-2024 335 of 376 10 City Council direct staff to proceed with implementation of Alternative 3 (named Alternative B during public outreach). In summary, due to lower cost, fewer impacts to trees and utilities, stronger community preference, and BPC recommendation, staff recommends moving forward with the implementation of Alternative 3. Next Steps Subject to Council approval of staff’s recommendation, staff will return to Council for the second reading of the Parking Prohibition Ordinance at the September 17, 2024, regularly scheduled City Council meeting. Staff will then proceed with design and implementation of the on-street two-way Class IV bikeway, with full funding provided through the Apple Donation Grant Agreement. Design and project bid would be anticipated to occur during Fall 2024, with construction occurring Spring 2025. Design and construction are funded through the Apple Donation Grant Agreement. Sustainability Impact Implementation of projects from the School Walk Audit Implementation Project supports walking and biking to school, which reduces traffic congestion and leads to reduced vehicle emissions, helping the City achieve its air quality and greenhouse gas emission reduction goals. Fiscal Impact The staff-recommended alternative is fully funded through the Apple Donation Grant Agreement, which allocated $1,221,863 towards School Walk Audit project (420-99-069) implementation. The estimated cost to design and implement the staff-recommended improvement is $115,000. There is no General Fund fiscal impact to proceed with implementation of Alternative 3. To date $40,000 has been spent for outreach and conceptual design efforts as part of the FY 22-23 City Work Program. California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA) Exempt from the CEQA under 14 C.C.R. Section 15304(h), Class 4, minor public, or private alterations in the condition of land, water and/or vegetation which does not involve removal of healthy, mature, scenic trees for the creation of bicycle lanes on existing right of way. _____________________________________ Prepared by: David Stillman, Transportation Manager Reviewed by: Chad Mosley, Director of Public Works Approved for Submission by: Pamela Wu, City Manager Attachments: A – Draft Ordinance 336 CC 07-09-2024 336 of 376 11 B – On-Street Two-Way Class IV Bike Lane Concept C – Lawson Middle School Bikeway Feasibility Study 337 CC 07-09-2024 337 of 376 Attachment A Attachment A – Page 1 ORDINANCE NO. __________________ AN ORDINANCE OF THE CITY COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF CUPERTINO AMENDING TABLE 11.24.150 OF THE CUPERTINO MUNICIPAL CODE RELATING TO PROHIBITION OF PARKING ALONG CERTAIN STREETS The City Council of the City of Cupertino finds that: 1. Whereas, implementation of the elements of the School Walk Audit Implementation project will encourage walking and bicycling to school, reduce reliance on the single-occupancy vehicle, reduce school-area traffic congestion, have a positive impact on sustainability, and enhance safety; and 2. Whereas, the Lawson Middle School Bikeway Project is identified as an element in the School Walk Audit Implementation project; and 3. Whereas, removal of on-street parking is necessary in order to implement the Lawson Middle School Bikeway Project. NOW, THEREFORE, THE CITY COUNCIL OF THE OF CITY OF CUPERTINO DOES ORDAIN AS FOLLOWS: SECTION 1. Adoption. Table 11.24.150 of the Cupertino Municipal Code is hereby amended. The Cupertino Municipal Code is hereby amended as shown below. Text added to existing provisions is shown in bold double-underlined text (example) and text to be deleted in shown in strikethrough (example). Text in existing provisions is not amended or readopted by this Ordinance. Text in italics is explanatory and is not an amendment to the Code. Only the affected portion of the Table is shown, for clarity. Street Sides of Street Portion Vista Ave West Between Forest Avenue and Merritt Drive 338 CC 07-09-2024 338 of 376 2 SECTION 2: Severability and Continuity. The City Council declares that each section, sub-section, paragraph, sub-paragraph, sentence, clause, and phrase of this ordinance is severable and independent of every other section, sub-section, paragraph, sub-paragraph, sentence, clause, and phrase of this ordinance. If any section, sub-section, paragraph, sub-paragraph, sentence, clause or phrase of this ordinance is held invalid, or its application to any person or circumstance, be determined by a court of competent jurisdiction to be unlawful, unenforceable or otherwise void, the City Council declares that it would have adopted the remaining provisions of this ordinance irrespective of such portion, and further declares its express intent that the remaining portions of this ordinance should remain in effect after the invalid portion has been eliminated. To the extent the provisions of this Ordinance are substantially the same as previous provisions of the Cupertino Municipal Code, these provisions shall be construed as continuations of those provisions and not as an amendment to or readoption of the earlier provisions. SECTION 3: Effective Date. This Ordinance shall take effect thirty days after adoption as provided by Government Code Section 36937. SECTION4: Publication. The City Clerk shall give notice of adoption of this Ordinance as required by law. Pursuant to Government Code Section 36933, a summary of this Ordinance may be prepared by the City Clerk and published in lieu of publication of the entire text. The City Clerk shall post in the office of the City Clerk a certified copy of the full text of the Ordinance listing the names of the City Council members voting for and against the ordinance. INTRODUCED at a regular meeting of the Cupertino City Council on July 9, 2024 and ENACTED at a regular meeting of the Cupertino City Council on September 17, 2024 by the following vote: Members of the City Council AYES: NOES: ABSENT: ABSTAIN: 339 CC 07-09-2024 339 of 376 3 SIGNED: __________________ Sheila Mohan, Mayor City of Cupertino ________________________ Date ATTEST: ________________________ Kirsten Squarcia, City Clerk ________________________ Date APPROVED AS TO FORM: __________________________ Christopher D. Jensen, City Attorney ________________________ Date 340 CC 07-09-2024 340 of 376 Attachment B Alternative 3 – Staff Recommendation On-Street Two-Way Class IV Bike Lane Concept 341 CC 07-09-2024 341 of 376 Memorandum Date: July 19, 2023 To: Mr. David Stillman, City of Cupertino From: Ollie Zhou, T.E. Subject: Lawson Middle School Bikeway Feasibility Study Hexagon Transportation Consultants, Inc. has completed a Lawson Middle School bikeway feasibility study for the City of Cupertino. This memorandum provides a summary of the study that included data collection, community outreach, stakeholder meetings, and alternatives development. Overview As shown in Figure 1, Lawson Middle School is located in a mostly residential setting. It is bounded to the north by Merritt Drive (Merritt Drive dead-ends at the school), to the east by Vista Drive, to the south by Forest Avenue, and to the west by neighboring residential and commercial properties. The City of Cupertino conducted a citywide school walk audit in 2016/2017, which identified a need to improve bicycle safety at the Lawson school. From 2016 to 2022, per City staff, the percentage of Lawson students biking to school has grown from 3% to 17%. The City contracted with Hexagon in late 2022 to evaluate existing conditions and conduct a feasibility study to determine the feasibility of potential improvements for bicycle safety. The purpose of this study is to accommodate the growing number of cyclists and keep all road users safe by providing a safe route to access bike cages on campus, while minimizing impacts to the neighborhood. Existing Context Nearby Roadways Merritt Drive is an east-west two-lane residential street with speed tables. It is a signed and marked bike route. Merritt Drive has on-street parking on both sides but most of which is permit parking during daytime (8 AM to 4 PM Monday to Friday). The school’s parking lot has two driveways on Merritt Drive. This parking lot also serves as one of the two main loading areas for parents dropping off/picking up their children. The Apple campus is located directly northwest of the school. Mariani Avenue provides access to the Apple campus, but Mariani Avenue is not connected with Merritt Drive. However, there are multiple pedestrian/bicycle paths that connect Mariani Avenue and Merritt Drive. Attachment C n cm • • -0-, Q , ' ~~XAGON l~ANSPO~TATION (ONSULTANTS, IN<. 100 Century Center Court, Suite 501 • San Jose, California 95112 • phone 408 .971.6100 • fax 408 .971.6102 • www.hextrans.com 342 CC 07-09-2024 342 of 376 280 Lazaneo DrLazaneo Dr Vi s t a D r Vi s t a D r Lazaneo Dr Vi s t a D r N B l a n e y A v e N D e A n z a B l v d Stevens Creek Blvd Vi s t a D r Merritt Dr Forest Ave Lawson MiddleLawson Middle SchoolSchool = Lawson Middle School LEGEND Apple Campus Lawson Middle School Lawson Middle School Bikeway Feasibility Study Figure 1 Project Location 1s-~ d ~ r-Jl It l I --~ ~ -• ~ ~ l\ "'-Q ' I --- \ ' ~ -... r -~ I \ .... - -r-,. l I ....-- - -- I - I I LJ L ~ l -I 0 NORTH Notto Scale 343 CC 07-09-2024 343 of 376 Lawson Middle School Bikeway Feasibility Study July 19, 2023 Page | 3 Vista Drive extends southward from Merritt Drive to Forest Avenue. Vista Drive continues south past Forest Avenue with an offset road that is approximately 200 feet west of the northern stretch. Vista Drive is a two-lane residential street. It is currently not signed or marked as a bicycle facility. On-street parking is allowed. The school’s parking lot also has one driveway on Vista Drive. The second main loading area for the school is located along Vista Drive as well, accessed via two driveways. Forest Avenue/Lazaneo Drive is an east-west two-lane residential street with speed tables. It does not have bike facility signage or markings. Lazaneo Drive extends from west of De Anza Boulevard to the southern stretch of Vista Drive, and transitions to Forest Avenue to continue eastward. On- street parking is allowed on both sides of the street. Forest Avenue is blocked off to vehicular traffic just east of the northern stretch of Vista Drive. However, bicycles and pedestrians can continue east on Forest Avenue. The Cupertino Unified School District (CUSD) is located between the Lawson school and Forest Avenue/Lazaneo Drive. The CUSD has a parking lot with a driveway onto Forest Avenue/Lazaneo Drive, at the location of the southern stretch of Vista Drive. School Operations During the school calendar year of 2022/2023, Lawson Middle School operated with two sets of bell schedules (see Table 1), with a late start on Wednesdays. During the morning drop-off and afternoon pick-up periods, parents can utilize either the school parking lot, or utilize the drop-off loop located on Vista Drive. Table 1 Lawson Middle School Bell Schedule, School Year 2022/2023 There are also two bike cages for students to park their bikes. One bike cage is located at the northwest corner of the school, accessible via Merritt Drive. The other bike cage is located just north of the school’s track field, accessible via Vista Drive. The school has multiple pedestrian entrances located on the north side and east side of the school. During the school calendar year of 2022/2023, there was a crossing guard at the intersection of Vista Drive and Merritt Drive. These details are also graphically shown on Figure 2. Monday/ Tuesday/ Thursday/ Friday Wednesday (Late Start) Early Start (optional Period 0)7:30 AM 9:01 AM School Start 8:26 AM 9:44 AM School Ends 3:00 PM 3:00 PM Notes: Lawson Middle School Bell Schedule for School Year 2022/2023 = ~~XAGON 344 CC 07-09-2024 344 of 376 Merritt DrMerritt Dr Mariani AveMariani Ave Vi s t a D r Vi s t a D r Vi s t a Vi s t a DrDr La r r y W y La r r y W y Merritt Dr Mariani Ave Vi s t a D r Vi s t a Dr La r r y W y Lazaneo DrLazaneo Dr Forest AveForest AveLazaneo Dr Forest Ave Apple Tree LnApple Tree LnApple Tree Ln Ch e r r y T r e e L n Ch e r r y T r e e L n Ch e r r y T r e e L n LEGEND = School Driveways = No Vehicle Access = CUSD Lot = Bike Cage = Crossing Guard Lawson Middle School Lawson Middle School Bikeway Feasibility Study Figure 2 Existing Lawson Multimodal Operations ,........ ........... W[XAGON D (/) 0 NORTH Notto Scale 345 CC 07-09-2024 345 of 376 Lawson Middle School Bikeway Feasibility Study July 19, 2023 Page | 5 Existing Conditions Data collection and analysis of existing conditions was conducted to understand existing school operations, identify potential safety issues, and assess on-street parking usage. The scope of the data collection is identified below: Scope of Data Collection Intersection volumes during the peak one-hour of school drop-off and pick-up operations were conducted at 5 locations (see list below). These counts included vehicular turning movements, as well as bicycle and pedestrian counts. 1. Blaney Avenue & Merritt Drive 2. Vista Drive & Merritt Drive 3. Vista Drive & Apple Tree Lane 4. Vista Drive & Forest Avenue 5. Vista Drive & Lazaneo Drive The school’s 5 driveways were also counted during the peak one-hour of school drop-off and pick- up operations. On-street parking utilization counts were conducted on a typical weekday and a typical weekend on Merritt Drive west of Blaney Avenue, Vista Drive between Forest Avenue and Merritt Drive, and on Apple Tree Lane. The weekday count was conducted to capture peak demand during peak school drop-off and pick-up operations (7 AM to 10 AM, and 2 PM to 5PM), as well as during peak residential usage (8 PM to 12 AM). The weekend count was conducted between 7 AM and 12 AM to capture peak demand during residential weekend usage. All counts are shown in Appendix A. Field observations were also conducted during a typical Tuesday and Wednesday (trash day in the neighborhood) on Merritt Drive, Mariani Avenue, Vista Drive and Forest Avenue to understand typical behaviors during drop-off and pick-up, as well as identify potential safety issues related to bicycle/pedestrian, bicycle/vehicle, and pedestrian/vehicle conflicts surrounding the school. General Vehicular Operations Data collection showed that vehicular traffic near the school site is generally low during the peak drop-off and pick-up operations, with less than 500 vehicles per hour, and less than 200 vehicles per direction. During the morning drop-off peak period, parents used both the Lawson parking lot on Merritt Drive as well as the drop-off zone on Vista Drive to drop-off their children. Hexagon also observed parents using the CUSD parking lot as well as the Apple campus parking lot at the end of Mariani Avenue for drop-off. Some parents also elected to park on-street on Vista Drive and neighboring streets for drop-off. Temporary queues would form on Merritt Drive and Vista Drive, but they would dissipate relatively quickly once school starts. During the school pick-up time, Hexagon observed that many parents arrived early. Some parked on-street on Vista Drive and neighboring streets. Some parked inside the Apple parking lot or the CUSD parking lot. Some queued inside the Lawson parking lot. Just prior to students leaving the school, the queue inside the Lawson parking lot would spill out onto Merritt Drive and back up towards Vista Drive. However, queues would quickly dissipate once pick-up operations began. = ~~XAGON 346 CC 07-09-2024 346 of 376 Lawson Middle School Bikeway Feasibility Study July 19, 2023 Page | 6 On-Street Parking On-street parking utilization counts showed that during a normal school weekday, on-street parking utilization on Vista Drive picks up at around 8 AM, and generally stays consistent at around 20 to 30 vehicles parked during the school day. At 3 PM, when parents pick up their children, on-street parking utilization peaks on Vista Drive at 75 parked vehicles. Counted data showed that Vista Drive’s parking utilization dropped down to 10 parked vehicles or less after 4 PM. On-street parking utilization during the weekend was relatively low throughout the day. Hexagon also counted on-street parking utilization on Merritt Drive and Apple Tree Lane. Both streets experienced similar patterns in parking utilization during the school days and weekends. However, the peak parking demand on both streets did not exceed 60% of the available on-street parking spaces. Bike and Pedestrian Operations Pedestrian counts showed that in general, before school starts and after school ends, there were more than 100 pedestrians on Vista Drive south and north of the Vista bike cage. The marked crosswalks across Vista Drive at Forest Avenue received heavy pedestrian crossing volume. The marked crosswalks at Vista Drive and Merritt Drive also received heavy pedestrian crossing volumes; this intersection also had a crossing guard directing orderly flows of pedestrians. Some students were dropped off and/or picked up by parents who parked on the east side of Vista Drive. They generally crossed Vista Drive midblock. Bike counts showed that bike volume south of the Vista bike cage was relatively high before school starts and after school ends. North of the Vista bike cage, bike volumes were generally low on Merritt Drive. Students who used the Merritt bike cage generally came from Mariani Avenue. Observed Conflict Areas During Hexagon’s field observations, we observed many potential bicycle/vehicle, bicycle/pedestrian, and pedestrian/vehicle conflict areas (see Figures 3 to 5). Bicycle/pedestrian conflicts generally included students biking on sidewalks (mostly along the west side of Vista Drive), and students biking across crosswalks swirling around crossing pedestrian without yielding. Pedestrian/vehicle conflicts generally included students crossing Vista Drive midblock because their parents parked on the east side of Vista Drive to drop them off or pick them up. At the intersection of Vista Drive and Forest Avenue, eastbound vehicles turning left onto Vista Drive do not have a stop sign, but these vehicles are turning into a marked crosswalk. Hexagon observed some instances where pedestrians began walking across the crosswalk when a vehicle is also turning into the crosswalk. However, these vehicles all noticed the pedestrians and yielded. = ~~XAGON 347 CC 07-09-2024 347 of 376 Merritt DrMerritt Dr Mariani AveMariani Ave Inf i n i t e L o o p Inf i n i t e L o o p Vi s t a D r Vi s t a D r La r r y W y La r r y W y Merritt Dr Mariani Ave Inf i n i t e L o o p Vi s t a D r La r r y W y LEGEND = Path of Travel for Vehicles = Bicycle and Vehicle Conflict Point = Pedestrian and Bicycle Conflict Point = Path of Travel for Bicycles = Path of Travel for Pedestrians = Bike Cage = Crossing Guard Lawson Middle School Lawson Middle School Bikeway Feasibility Study Figure 3 Section 1 Conflicts= W[XAGON 0 NORTH Notto Scale 348 CC 07-09-2024 348 of 376 Vi s t a D r Vi s t a D r Ch e r r y T r e e L n Ch e r r y T r e e L n Vi s t a D r Ch e r r y T r e e L n Lawson Middle School LEGEND = Path of Travel for Vehicles = Bicycle and Vehicle Conflict Point = Pedestrian and Bicycle Conflict Point = Pedestrian and Vehicle Conflict Point = Path of Travel for Bicycles = Path of Travel for Pedestrians = Bike Cage Lawson Middle School Bikeway Feasibility Study Figure 4 Section 2 Conflicts= W[XAGON 0 NORTH Notto Scale 349 CC 07-09-2024 349 of 376 Vi s t a D r Vi s t a D r Forest AveForest Ave Vi s t a D r Vi s t a D r Vi s t a D r Vi s t a D r Lazaneo DrLazaneo Dr Lazaneo DrLazaneo DrForest AveForest Ave Vi s t a D r Vi s t a D r Vi s t a D r Forest Ave Vi s t a D r Vi s t a D r Lazaneo Dr Lazaneo DrForest Ave Vi s t a D r Lawson Middle School Bikeway Feasibility Study Figure 5 Section 3 Conflicts Lawson Middle SchoolLawson Middle School = Pedestrian and Vehicle Conflict Point LEGEND = Path of Travel for Vehicles= Parked Car = Bicycle and Vehicle Conflict Point = Pedestrian and Bicycle Conflict Point = Path of Travel for Bicycles = Path of Travel for Pedestrians= Bike Cage ,....... W[XAGON ........... 0 NORTH Notto Scale 350 CC 07-09-2024 350 of 376 Lawson Middle School Bikeway Feasibility Study July 19, 2023 Page | 10 For bicycle/vehicle conflicts, because bicycles are sharing the road with vehicles, Hexagon observed many conflict areas: • During the morning period, some bikes on eastbound Lazaneo Drive turning left onto Vista Drive were observed to ride on the sidewalk, and take one of the driveway curb cuts to maneuver diagonally across the street and onto Vista Drive. Sometimes, these maneuvers positioned the bikes right in front of an oncoming vehicle. • During the morning period, bikes that are riding on northbound Vista Drive all need to find a way to cross southbound Vista Drive traffic because the Vista bike cage is located on the west side of Vista Drive. Therefore, many bikes were observed looking for gaps in the southbound traffic to quickly maneuver to the west side of Vista Drive. Bikes were generally crossing Vista Drive midblock at many different locations. • During the afternoon period, there are many parents who park along southbound Vista Drive to pick up their children. Bikes on southbound Vista Drive sometimes needed to maneuver around vehicles driving into and out of the southbound Vista Drive parking lane. • During the afternoon period, at the intersection of Vista Drive and Forest Avenue, southbound vehicles are generally turning right onto westbound Forest Avenue. Many vehicles are already positioned at an angle at the southbound stop sign, ready to make a right-turn as soon as they can. However, when there are also vehicles parked along southbound Vista Drive at this location, the right-turning vehicles sometimes leave no room for bicycles. When this happens, bicycles have to stop on southbound Vista Drive before they reach the stop bar. • During the afternoon period, at the intersection of Vista Drive and Lazaneo Drive, westbound bikes that are turning left onto southbound Vista Drive were generally observed to be riding on the right-hand side of vehicles until the intersection, which is all-way stop- controlled. At the stop bar, these westbound bikes are still positioned on the right-hand side of vehicles. When it’s their turn to move, the bikes then maneuver in front of the stopped vehicle to make the left-turn. Vehicles travelling straight through the intersection may not be expecting a bike on the right-hand side to cross in front of it to make a left-turn. If this driver didn’t see this bike, the driver would have thought it was their turn to proceed straight through the intersection. It should be noted that Hexagon also observed some conflict areas on Mariani Drive. However, because Mariani Drive is outside of the study scope, those issues are not explicitly discussed or addressed in this study and report. Community Engagement As part of this study, extensive outreach with the public and stakeholders was conducted. City staff established a project webpage, and conducted outreach efforts to neighbors, parents, students, and other interested members of the public. Hexagon and City staff facilitated three community meetings, a stakeholder meeting, and a Bicycle Pedestrian Commission meeting. A brief discussion of each meeting is provided below, in chronological order. Community Meeting #1 Hexagon and City staff hosted the first community meeting on November 10, 2022 at the Lawson school. The purpose of this meeting was to introduce the project to the public. The public provided input on experienced multimodal transportation issues, as well as provided comments on data collection. This meeting informed Hexagon’s scope in data collection and field observations. = ~~XAGON 351 CC 07-09-2024 351 of 376 Lawson Middle School Bikeway Feasibility Study July 19, 2023 Page | 11 Stakeholder Meeting Hexagon and City staff hosted a stakeholder meeting on February 9, 2023 with representatives from the CUSD and the Lawson school. The purpose of this meeting was to introduce Hexagon’s analysis, present preliminary alternatives, and determine if there is general support from the stakeholders. The preliminary alternatives were (see Appendix B for conceptual drawings): • Alternative 1: Bike route and sharrow signage and pavement markings • Alternative 2: Two-way mixed-use trail to replace existing sidewalk • Alternative 2A: A variant of Alternative 2 with RRFB • Alternative 3: On-street two-way Class IV bike facility The stakeholders were generally supportive of the study’s direction and the presented alternatives. Community Meeting #2 Hexagon and City staff hosted the second community meeting on March 16, 2023 virtually via Zoom. The purpose of this meeting was to introduce Hexagon’s analysis and present the preliminary alternatives presented during the stakeholder meeting. The team collected public comments, answered questions, and polled the meeting attendees with a series of in-meeting survey questions to identify their preferences for the alternatives. Based on in- meeting surveys as well as inbound email submissions of preferences after the meeting, the alternatives were narrowed down to three alternatives: Alternative 2, Alternative 2A and Alternative 3 (see Table 2). Alternative 2A was originally created due to the uncertainty over relocation of a light pole. City staff has since confirmed the feasibility of relocating that pole. As a result, Alternative 2A was not carried forward in the study process. Alternative 1 was also not carried forward due to its lack of public support. Table 2 Polled Preferences for Alternatives Community Meeting #3 Hexagon and City staff hosted the third community meeting on April 17, 2023 virtually via Zoom. The purpose of this meeting was to provide more details on Alternative 2 and Alternative 3 and gauge public support for the presented alternatives. Similar to the second community meeting, the team collected public comments, answered questions, and polled the audience on a series of questions. These questions were designed to identify the public’s preferred alternative. The same Alternatives 1st Preference 1st or 2nd Preference Alternative 1 7%7% Alternative 2/2A 29%86% Alternative 3 50%57% No Change Alternative 4%7% Notes: - Preferences obtained from virtual in-meeting polls and email submissions received after the meeting (from people who did not vote during the meetin - Starting at the BPC Hearing, Alternative 2 is renamed to Alternative A, and Alternative 3 is renamed to Alternative B during public meetings. = ~~XAGON 352 CC 07-09-2024 352 of 376 Lawson Middle School Bikeway Feasibility Study July 19, 2023 Page | 12 poll questions were also published on the project website in Google Form format. Since the online poll was anonymous, to avoid double counting, the in-meeting poll results and the online poll results are shown separately in Table 3. As shown, both alternatives received support. Table 3 Polled Support for Alternative 2 and Alternative 3 Bicycle Pedestrian Commission (BPC) Meeting Hexagon and City staff presented an overview of the study as well as the two preferred alternatives to the Cupertino BPC during its May 4, 2023 meeting. The purpose of the meeting was to gather feedback on the presented alternatives and for the BPC to make a recommendation to City Council. The BPC moved to recommend Alternative 3 (presented to the BPC as Alternative B) as the preferred alternative for further development by staff and Council consideration. Alternatives Analysis As discussed above, Hexagon initially developed four preliminary alternatives based on data collection, field work, and community input. However, since only Alternative 2 and Alternative 3 are studied in detail, the discussion below is provided for only these two alternatives. Conceptual drawings for Alternative 1 and Alternative 2A are provided in Appendix B. Alternative 2: Two-way mixed-use trail to replace existing sidewalk Alternative Description This alternative proposes to build a Class I two-way mixed-use trail along the west side of Vista Drive from Merritt Drive to Forest Avenue, and along the north side of Forest Avenue between Vista Drive (north portion) and Vista Drive (south portion). The proposed mixed-use trail would generally be 10-foot in width, with a 2-foot shoulder on either side. This design could be maintained south of the Vista bike cage. North of the Vista bike cage until Merritt Drive, because of utility constraints, the trail would require narrowing to 8-foot in width, with a 2-foot shoulder on either side. This reduced width would still require minorly narrowing Vista Drive, but would retain on-street parking. At the intersection of Vista Drive and Merritt Drive, as well as the intersection of Vista Drive (south portion) and Lazaneo Drive, bicycle crossing enhancements would be provided to facilitate bicycles getting onto and off of the multi-use trail. Wayfinding signage would also be installed per design standards. Other minor design details are shown on the alternative’s conceptual plans in Appendix B. Alternative 2 Alternative 3 Alternative 2 Alternative 3 Preferred Alternative 37%63%7%87% Oppose This Alternative 52%34%80%7% Notes: - Online Survey Results also allowed participants to choose the "No Change" Alternative. In-Meeting Poll Results - Starting at the BPC Hearing, Alternative 2 is renamed to Alternative A, and Alternative 3 is renamed to Alternative B during public meetings. Online Survey Results = ~~XAGON 353 CC 07-09-2024 353 of 376 Lawson Middle School Bikeway Feasibility Study July 19, 2023 Page | 13 Benefits of this Alternative This alternative would allow bikes to be physically separated from vehicles. By using the trail, bikes also have a convenient way to access the Vista bike cage without having to cross vehicle lanes. The bicycle crossing enhancements at the terminals of this trail would also provide additional guidance for bikes to cross the intersection safely and provide additional visibility and awareness of bike presence to vehicles. It should be noted that this alternative would not require removal of on-street parking. Downsides of this Alternative South of the Vista bike cage, this alternative would require relocation of various minor utilities and removal of trees. North of the Vista bike cage, while major utility relocation is avoided, this alternative would still require removal of trees, as well as extending the curb into the street. In total, 19 small trees and 9 matures trees would need to be removed. Although it is possible to plant 28 trees in other locations, it is anticipated that these new trees would all be relatively small trees. Cost Due to the extensive pavement required as well as curb extension, the preliminary cost estimate for this alternative is approximately $1.5 million. Alternative 3: On-street two-way Class IV bike facility Alternative Description This alternative proposes to build a Class IV two-way bike facility along the west side of Vista Drive from Merritt Drive to Forest Avenue, and along the north side of Forest Avenue between Vista Drive (north portion) and Vista Drive (south portion). The proposed two-way bike facility would be 8-foot wide (4 feet in each direction) with a 3-foot buffer with a physical vertical separation that would physically separate the bike facility from the vehicle lanes. This alternative would remove on-street parking on the west side of Vista Drive and north side of Forest Avenue within the limits of the bike facility. Same as Alternative 2, at the terminal intersections, bicycle crossing enhancements would be provided to facilitate bicycles getting onto and off of the bike facility. Wayfinding signage would also be installed per design standards. Other minor design details are shown on the alternative’s conceptual plans in Appendix B. Benefits of this Alternative This alternative would allow bikes to be physically separated from both vehicles and pedestrians. By using the bike facility, bikes also have a convenient way to access the Vista bike cage without having to cross vehicle lanes. The bicycle crossing enhancements at the terminals of this bike facility would also provide additional guidance for bikes to cross the intersection safely and provide additional visibility and awareness of bike presence to vehicles. It should be noted that this alternative does not require removal of trees or relocation of utilities. Downsides of this Alternative As noted above, this alternative would require the removal of approximately 59 on-street parking spaces (approximately 51 spaces on the west side of Vista Drive, and 8 spaces on the north side of = ~~XAGON 354 CC 07-09-2024 354 of 376 Lawson Middle School Bikeway Feasibility Study July 19, 2023 Page | 14 Forest Avenue). We observed that on-street parking in front of the school is heavily utilized during school hours, especially immediately prior to school pick up time. We also learned from the school and the neighbors that there are after-school sports activity that occurs 3-4 times a week, ending between 5pm and 6pm. There are also approximately 12 evening school-wide events within a school year. These evening school-wide events as well as some after-school sports events could also attract a considerable amount of on-street parking demand. Data collection showed that typical on-street parking demand after school hours (with no school events) is relatively low. Within a 5-minute walkshed of the school, there are approximately 500 on- street parking spaces (see Figure 6). While the CUSD parking lot is not technically a public parking lot, CUSD staff has also indicated that they are open to allowing parents parking in their parking lot during after-school events. Therefore, it is anticipated that with this alternative, on-street parking demand related to the school would disperse into the CUSD parking lot as well as neighboring streets. Vista Drive’s on-street parking demand would instead be reduced during the school pick-up time because of the reduced on-street parking supply. Figure 6 5-Minute Walkshed of the Lawson School Cost This alternative does not require extensive pavement or construction in comparison to Alternative 2. Preliminary cost estimate for this alternative is approximately $115,000. "O ~ ., nfintlil m Loop ... C H:,tel :i: LLC .. C z I ,........ ~ T-,lig hl Cl Pbrl,I Pa,~ ti: .c 11 -0 iii " ,.,. ~~XAGON 355 CC 07-09-2024 355 of 376 Lawson Middle School Bikeway Feasibility Study July 19, 2023 Page | 15 Alternative Comparison As shown in Table 4 below, both alternatives improve bicycle safety by eliminating bicycle/vehicle conflicts. Both alternatives have their benefits and downsides related to on-street parking, utility relocation, tree removal, and costs. Table 4 Summary Comparison of Alternative 2 and Alternative 3 Alternative 2 Alternative 3 Addresses Bike/Pedestrian/Vehicle Conflicts Yes Yes Relocate Utilities Yes None Remove Trees 28 None Remove On-street Parking Spaces None 59 Cost to Implement ~$1,500,000 ~$115,000 Notes: Starting at the BPC Hearing, Alternative 2 is renamed to Alternative A, and Alternative 3 is renamed to Alternative B during public meetings. = ~~XAGON 356 CC 07-09-2024 356 of 376 Appendix A: Data Collection Lawson Middle School Bikeway Feasibility Study July 19, 2023 = ~~XAGON 357 CC 07-09-2024 357 of 376 Peak-Hour Count / Occupancy Count - 22OZ12 AUTO CENSUS Date:12/1/22 & 12/3/22 Traffic Monitoring and Analysis Counters:Matt, Jo, Kathy, Jana Intersection Name:Vista, Merrit, Apple Tree, Cupertino Weather:Rain Dwy 1 Dwy 2 Dwy 3 Dwy 5 Time Left In Right Out Right Out Right In Thru Left In Right Out Time North South East West North South Time North South East West North South 8:00 AM 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 7:00 AM 3 4 2 2 7 3 7:00 AM 5 5 1 2 6 4 8:15 AM 62 66 7 10 7 46 58 8:00 AM 4 5 4 7 6 3 8:00 AM 5 5 1 2 5 4 8:30 AM 160 87 24 23 25 91 139 9:00 AM 4 4 8 19 6 3 9:00 AM 5 5 1 2 6 4 8:45 AM 163 90 26 23 26 91 140 10:00 AM 4 6 7 19 5 2 10:00 AM 5 5 1 2 6 3 9:00 AM 166 91 28 23 26 91 140 2:00 PM 3 6 4 18 6 2 11:00 AM 5 5 1 2 5 4 3:00 PM 6 10 34 41 10 12 12:00 PM 4 5 1 2 6 4 4:00 PM 4 5 1 10 4 2 1:00 PM 3 5 1 2 6 4 Dwy 1 Dwy 2 Dwy 3 Dwy 5 5:00 PM 3 7 1 4 4 3 2:00 PM 3 5 1 2 6 3 Time Left In Right Out Right Out Right In Thru Left In Right Out 8:00 PM 4 5 1 3 6 5 3:00 PM 3 5 1 2 5 3 2:45 PM 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 9:00 PM 4 5 1 2 6 4 4:00 PM 4 6 1 2 6 4 3:00 PM 34 28 3 9 3 6 0 10:00 PM 3 5 1 2 6 4 5:00 PM 2 5 1 1 6 3 3:15 PM 62 57 15 9 9 49 57 11:00 PM 3 6 1 2 6 4 6:00 PM 3 8 3 4 6 2 3:30 PM 91 82 33 13 11 57 81 12:00 AM 4 6 1 2 6 4 7:00 PM 4 8 2 4 5 2 3:45 PM 97 90 45 13 11 58 82 8:00 PM 4 7 3 3 4 2 9:00 PM 3 5 4 3 5 3 10:00 PM 4 5 3 2 6 2 11:00 PM 4 5 3 2 6 3 12:00 AM 4 6 2 2 6 3 7536 Lighthouse Drive Stockton, CA 95219 Phone 408-533-3398 Dwy 4 Dwy 4 Thursday 12/1/22 Thursday 12/1/22 Saturday 12/3/22 Merritt Vista Apple TreeMerrittVistaApple Tree I I I I I I I I I --~~ I I I I I I I I I --~~ 358 CC 07-09-2024 358 of 376 BLANEY AVE BLANEY AVEMERRITT DR MERRITT DR (303) 216-2439 www.alltrafficdata.net Location:1 BLANEY AVE & MERRITT DR AM Thursday, November 17, 2022Date: Peak Rolling Hour Flow Rates Peak Hour - Motorized Vehicles Peak Hour - Bicycles Peak Hour - Pedestrians Traffic Counts - Motorized Vehicles Note: Total study counts contained in parentheses. Peak Hour:08:00 AM - 09:00 AM Peak 15-Minutes:08:15 AM - 08:30 AM 292 343 149 92 240233 159 172 0.80 N S EW 0.90 0.73 0.75 0.55 (343)(292) (149) (92) (172) (159) (240)(233) 64 038 86 56 7 36 45 78 0 0 19 0 52 17 9 90 MERRITT DR MERRITT DR BLANEY AVE BLANEY AVE 124 12 1 7 13 N S EW 43 78 25 61 63 5 8 0 0 2 1 2 0 2 0 021 2 1 3 0 0 N S EW 0 0 1 1 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Left Thru Right Total EastboundInterval Start Time Rolling Hour West East South North Pedestrian Crossings U-Turn Westbound Northbound Southbound Left Thru RightU-Turn Left Thru RightU-Turn Left Thru RightU-Turn 8:00 AM 0 25 24 0 14 450 10 12 0 1 23 198 0 2 2 28840914219 8:15 AM 0 15 38 0 8 530 19 31 0 4 29 261 3 41 4 392218420 8:30 AM 0 10 67 0 8 430 33 2 0 1 3 217 7 70 1 49326318 8:45 AM 0 2 50 0 8 490 16 0 0 1 1 164 3 8 0 822807 Vehicle Type Left Thru Right Eastbound U-Turn Westbound Northbound Southbound TotalLeftThruRightU-Turn Left Thru RightU-TurnLeftThruRightU-Turn Articulated Trucks 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 0 00000 Lights 50 176 9 38 190 6278 44 36 7 56 86 8320000 Mediums 2 3 0 0 0 20 1 0 0 0 0 80000 Total 78 45 36 7 56 86 52 179 9 38 190 64 8400000 atd ALL TRAFFIC DATA SERVICES _J L t I :,J l l. UL I t ..J ~ - -r- t •11, t re: J 7_____.I -..... 359 CC 07-09-2024 359 of 376 VISTA DR VISTA DRMERRITT DR MERRITT DR (303) 216-2439 www.alltrafficdata.net Location:2 VISTA DR & MERRITT DR AM Thursday, November 17, 2022Date: Peak Rolling Hour Flow Rates Peak Hour - Motorized Vehicles Peak Hour - Bicycles Peak Hour - Pedestrians Traffic Counts - Motorized Vehicles Note: Total study counts contained in parentheses. Peak Hour:08:00 AM - 09:00 AM Peak 15-Minutes:08:15 AM - 08:30 AM 0 0 157 110 5674 75 104 0.55 N S EW 0.00 0.58 0.82 0.41 ()() (157) (110) (104) (75) (56)(74) 0 00 0 92 65 9 66 0 0 0 0 12 0 440 MERRITT DR MERRITT DR VISTA DR VISTA DR 76 0 19 74 N S EW 0 0 910 70 6 67 7 4 0 0 0 0 0 6 1 101 0 0 3 0 4 N S EW 4 0 0 0 0 0 4 0 0 0 0 0 Left Thru Right Total EastboundInterval Start Time Rolling Hour West East South North Pedestrian Crossings U-Turn Westbound Northbound Southbound Left Thru RightU-Turn Left Thru RightU-Turn Left Thru RightU-Turn 8:00 AM 0 5 0 0 0 00 0 20 0 16 43 93 18 0 3 172881080 8:15 AM 0 4 0 0 0 00 0 42 0 23 45 131 50 0 5 4940130 8:30 AM 0 3 0 0 0 00 0 3 0 16 3 39 1 0 6 320120 8:45 AM 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 1 0 10 1 25 5 0 5 720110 Vehicle Type Left Thru Right Eastbound U-Turn Westbound Northbound Southbound TotalLeftThruRightU-Turn Left Thru RightU-TurnLeftThruRightU-Turn Articulated Trucks 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 0 00000 Lights 12 0 43 0 0 00 66 9 61 91 0 2820000 Mediums 0 0 1 0 0 00 0 0 4 1 0 60000 Total 0 66 9 65 92 0 12 0 44 0 0 0 2880000 atd ALL TRAFFIC DATA SERVICES _J L t I :,J l l. UL I t ..J ~ - -r- t •11, t re: J 7_____.I -..... 360 CC 07-09-2024 360 of 376 VISTA DR VISTA DRAPPLE TREE LN APPLE TREE LN (303) 216-2439 www.alltrafficdata.net Location:3 VISTA DR & APPLE TREE LN AM Thursday, November 17, 2022Date: Peak Rolling Hour Flow Rates Peak Hour - Motorized Vehicles Peak Hour - Bicycles Peak Hour - Pedestrians Traffic Counts - Motorized Vehicles Note: Total study counts contained in parentheses. Peak Hour:08:00 AM - 09:00 AM Peak 15-Minutes:08:15 AM - 08:30 AM 107 56 48 61 14484 0 98 0.52 N S EW 0.54 0.43 0.55 0.00 (56)(107) (48) (61) (98) () (144)(84) 16 124 9 21 18 0 0 0 0 0 66 61 46 370 APPLE TREE LN APPLE TREE LN VISTA DR VISTA DR 5 14 43 35 N S EW 3 11 637 4 1 6 29 0 0 2 0 0 0 2 0 020 43 0 0 0 5 N S EW 0 0 37 6 0 0 5 0 0 0 0 0 Left Thru Right Total EastboundInterval Start Time Rolling Hour West East South North Pedestrian Crossings U-Turn Westbound Northbound Southbound Left Thru RightU-Turn Left Thru RightU-Turn Left Thru RightU-Turn 8:00 AM 0 22 11 0 8 80 0 0 0 4 5 76 10 3 14 229902106 8:15 AM 0 38 11 1 14 250 0 0 0 7 16 143 18 3 29 3051610 8:30 AM 0 1 14 0 2 200 0 0 0 5 0 52 2 4 0 00190 8:45 AM 0 0 10 0 0 130 0 0 0 2 0 28 5 4 0 00120 Vehicle Type Left Thru Right Eastbound U-Turn Westbound Northbound Southbound TotalLeftThruRightU-Turn Left Thru RightU-TurnLeftThruRightU-Turn Articulated Trucks 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 0 00000 Lights 61 45 37 21 61 160 0 0 18 21 9 2900001 Mediums 0 1 0 3 5 00 0 0 0 0 0 90000 Total 0 0 0 18 21 9 61 46 37 24 66 16 2990001 atd ALL TRAFFIC DATA SERVICES _J L t I :,J l l. UL I t ..J ~ - -r- t •11, t re: J 7_____.I -..... 361 CC 07-09-2024 361 of 376 VISTA DR VISTA DRFOREST AVE FOREST AVE (303) 216-2439 www.alltrafficdata.net Location:4 VISTA DR & FOREST AVE AM Thursday, November 17, 2022Date: Peak Rolling Hour Flow Rates Peak Hour - Motorized Vehicles Peak Hour - Bicycles Peak Hour - Pedestrians Traffic Counts - Motorized Vehicles Note: Total study counts contained in parentheses. Peak Hour:08:00 AM - 09:00 AM Peak 15-Minutes:08:15 AM - 08:30 AM 180 138 1 4 21 134 174 0.51 N S EW 0.44 0.25 0.50 0.64 (138)(180) (1) (4) (174) (134) (2)(1) 17 4 23 1 0 0 0 0 134 0 0 1 0 1 10 FOREST AVE FOREST AVE VISTA DR VISTA DR 43 6 26 0 N S EW 4 2 179 38 5 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 11 1 0 000 1 19 0 0 0 N S EW 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Left Thru Right Total EastboundInterval Start Time Rolling Hour West East South North Pedestrian Crossings U-Turn Westbound Northbound Southbound Left Thru RightU-Turn Left Thru RightU-Turn Left Thru RightU-Turn 8:00 AM 0 0 0 2 2 10 52 0 0 0 0 94 0 2 2 2231701135 8:15 AM 0 0 1 0 1 00 51 0 0 0 0 154 0 2 10 14000101 8:30 AM 0 0 0 0 0 00 20 0 0 0 0 44 0 0 10 600024 8:45 AM 0 0 0 0 0 00 11 0 0 0 0 25 0 2 4 100014 Vehicle Type Left Thru Right Eastbound U-Turn Westbound Northbound Southbound TotalLeftThruRightU-Turn Left Thru RightU-TurnLeftThruRightU-Turn Articulated Trucks 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 0 20002 Lights 0 1 1 3 1 171133 0 0 0 0 1 3110000 Mediums 0 0 0 0 0 31 0 0 0 0 0 40000 Total 134 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 3 1 174 3170002 atd ALL TRAFFIC DATA SERVICES _J L t I :,J l l. UL I t ..J ~ - -r- t •11, t re: J 7_____.I -..... 362 CC 07-09-2024 362 of 376 VISTA DR VISTA DRLAZANEO DR LAZANEO DR (303) 216-2439 www.alltrafficdata.net Location:5 VISTA DR & LAZANEO DR AM Thursday, November 17, 2022Date: Peak Rolling Hour Flow Rates Peak Hour - Motorized Vehicles Peak Hour - Bicycles Peak Hour - Pedestrians Traffic Counts - Motorized Vehicles Note: Total study counts contained in parentheses. Peak Hour:08:00 AM - 09:00 AM Peak 15-Minutes:08:15 AM - 08:30 AM 11 34 184 137 6988 148 153 0.57 N S EW 0.69 0.45 0.56 0.65 (34)(11) (184) (137) (153) (148) (69)(88) 3 02 7 120 57 25 102 16 0 5 6 25 11 330 LAZANEO DR LAZANEO DR VISTA DR VISTA DR 9 46 37 0 N S EW 41 5 325 5 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 800 2 0 9 0 0 N S EW 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Left Thru Right Total EastboundInterval Start Time Rolling Hour West East South North Pedestrian Crossings U-Turn Westbound Northbound Southbound Left Thru RightU-Turn Left Thru RightU-Turn Left Thru RightU-Turn 8:00 AM 0 7 1 0 0 21 3 45 0 11 25 114 0 25 11 24128290 8:15 AM 0 8 2 0 0 22 3 29 0 35 67 180 0 19 21 490212 8:30 AM 0 5 4 0 1 01 1 19 0 9 16 64 0 1 3 32231 8:45 AM 0 5 4 0 1 21 9 9 0 2 12 54 0 1 2 06300 Vehicle Type Left Thru Right Eastbound U-Turn Westbound Northbound Southbound TotalLeftThruRightU-Turn Left Thru RightU-TurnLeftThruRightU-Turn Articulated Trucks 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 1 10000 Lights 25 5 33 1 2 25 101 25 56 119 3 3770000 Mediums 0 6 0 1 4 111 1 0 1 1 3 345000 Total 16 102 25 57 120 7 25 11 33 2 6 3 4125000 atd ALL TRAFFIC DATA SERVICES _J L t I :,J l l. UL I t ..J ~ - -r- t •11, t re: J 7_____.I -..... 363 CC 07-09-2024 363 of 376 BLANEY AVE BLANEY AVEMERRITT DR MERRITT DR (303) 216-2439 www.alltrafficdata.net Location:1 BLANEY AVE & MERRITT DR PM Thursday, November 17, 2022Date: Peak Rolling Hour Flow Rates Peak Hour - Motorized Vehicles Peak Hour - Bicycles Peak Hour - Pedestrians Traffic Counts - Motorized Vehicles Note: Total study counts contained in parentheses. Peak Hour:02:45 PM - 03:45 PM Peak 15-Minutes:02:45 PM - 03:00 PM 246 307 73 84 234202 153 113 0.83 N S EW 0.80 0.73 0.74 0.58 (307)(246) (73) (84) (113) (153) (234)(202) 47 035 47 24 2 36 39 78 0 0 16 4 42 18 2 100 MERRITT DR MERRITT DR BLANEY AVE BLANEY AVE 110 10 9 22 19 N S EW 98 11 1210 58 52 4 15 1 0 0 0 0 2 2 0 050 1 0 2 0 0 N S EW 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Left Thru Right Total EastboundInterval Start Time Rolling Hour West East South North Pedestrian Crossings U-Turn Westbound Northbound Southbound Left Thru RightU-Turn Left Thru RightU-Turn Left Thru RightU-Turn 2:45 PM 0 12 61 0 9 400 31 3 0 0 5 212 7 68 2 43706512628 3:00 PM 0 19 33 0 10 350 28 22 0 1 14 200 5 18 14 39161039 3:15 PM 0 10 50 0 7 360 13 11 0 1 2 159 5 22 0 25111107 3:30 PM 0 1 38 0 9 530 6 3 0 0 3 135 2 1 6 341413 Vehicle Type Left Thru Right Eastbound U-Turn Westbound Northbound Southbound TotalLeftThruRightU-Turn Left Thru RightU-TurnLeftThruRightU-Turn Articulated Trucks 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 0 00000 Lights 40 181 8 34 162 4475 39 36 2 24 47 6920000 Mediums 2 1 2 1 2 33 0 0 0 0 0 140000 Total 78 39 36 2 24 47 42 182 10 35 164 47 7060000 atd ALL TRAFFIC DATA SERVICES _J L t I :,J l l. UL I t ..J ~ - -r- t •11, t re: J 7_____.I -..... 364 CC 07-09-2024 364 of 376 VISTA DR VISTA DRMERRITT DR MERRITT DR (303) 216-2439 www.alltrafficdata.net Location:2 VISTA DR & MERRITT DR PM Thursday, November 17, 2022Date: Peak Rolling Hour Flow Rates Peak Hour - Motorized Vehicles Peak Hour - Bicycles Peak Hour - Pedestrians Traffic Counts - Motorized Vehicles Note: Total study counts contained in parentheses. Peak Hour:02:45 PM - 03:45 PM Peak 15-Minutes:03:00 PM - 03:15 PM 0 0 95 109 6458 71 63 0.58 N S EW 0.00 0.68 0.64 0.44 ()() (95) (109) (63) (71) (64)(58) 0 00 0 45 50 7 64 0 0 0 0 18 0 451 MERRITT DR MERRITT DR VISTA DR VISTA DR 89 0 34 89 N S EW 0 0 313 7 82 7 82 7 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 201 1 0 2 0 8 N S EW 0 7 0 1 0 0 0 8 0 0 0 0 Left Thru Right Total EastboundInterval Start Time Rolling Hour West East South North Pedestrian Crossings U-Turn Westbound Northbound Southbound Left Thru RightU-Turn Left Thru RightU-Turn Left Thru RightU-Turn 2:45 PM 0 8 0 0 0 00 0 7 0 15 20 62 4 0 5 323020100 3:00 PM 0 7 0 0 0 00 0 37 0 17 17 99 74 0 21 7330180 3:15 PM 1 1 0 0 0 00 0 16 0 11 6 48 8 0 3 720110 3:30 PM 0 2 0 0 0 00 0 4 0 7 2 21 3 0 5 60060 Vehicle Type Left Thru Right Eastbound U-Turn Westbound Northbound Southbound TotalLeftThruRightU-Turn Left Thru RightU-TurnLeftThruRightU-Turn Articulated Trucks 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 0 00000 Lights 18 0 45 0 0 00 64 7 47 42 0 2240010 Mediums 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 3 3 0 60000 Total 0 64 7 50 45 0 18 0 45 0 0 0 2300010 atd ALL TRAFFIC DATA SERVICES _J L t I :,J l l. UL I t ..J ~ - -r- t •11, t re: J 7_____.I -..... 365 CC 07-09-2024 365 of 376 VISTA DR VISTA DRAPPLE TREE LN APPLE TREE LN (303) 216-2439 www.alltrafficdata.net Location:3 VISTA DR & APPLE TREE LN PM Thursday, November 17, 2022Date: Peak Rolling Hour Flow Rates Peak Hour - Motorized Vehicles Peak Hour - Bicycles Peak Hour - Pedestrians Traffic Counts - Motorized Vehicles Note: Total study counts contained in parentheses. Peak Hour:02:45 PM - 03:45 PM Peak 15-Minutes:02:45 PM - 03:00 PM 85 44 20 38 8574 0 34 0.74 N S EW 0.57 0.33 0.54 0.00 (44)(85) (20) (38) (34) () (85)(74) 6 019 5 1 14 0 0 0 0 0 60 27 39 190 APPLE TREE LN APPLE TREE LN VISTA DR VISTA DR 21 5 5 86 N S EW 3 2 32 7 14 59 27 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 000 5 0 0 0 3 N S EW 0 0 0 5 0 0 1 2 0 0 0 0 Left Thru Right Total EastboundInterval Start Time Rolling Hour West East South North Pedestrian Crossings U-Turn Westbound Northbound Southbound Left Thru RightU-Turn Left Thru RightU-Turn Left Thru RightU-Turn 2:45 PM 0 12 19 0 4 150 0 0 0 3 1 64 6 2 3 41900181 3:00 PM 0 6 0 0 12 220 0 0 0 11 0 60 73 0 0 100423 3:15 PM 0 8 12 0 3 170 0 0 0 0 0 44 7 1 2 40031 3:30 PM 0 1 8 0 0 60 0 0 0 0 0 22 0 2 0 30061 Vehicle Type Left Thru Right Eastbound U-Turn Westbound Northbound Southbound TotalLeftThruRightU-Turn Left Thru RightU-TurnLeftThruRightU-Turn Articulated Trucks 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 0 00000 Lights 27 39 19 19 60 60 0 0 14 1 5 1900000 Mediums 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 0 00000 Total 0 0 0 14 1 5 27 39 19 19 60 6 1900000 atd ALL TRAFFIC DATA SERVICES _J L t I :,J l l. UL I t ..J ~ - -r- t •11, t re: J 7_____.I -..... 366 CC 07-09-2024 366 of 376 VISTA DR VISTA DRFOREST AVE FOREST AVE (303) 216-2439 www.alltrafficdata.net Location:4 VISTA DR & FOREST AVE PM Thursday, November 17, 2022Date: Peak Rolling Hour Flow Rates Peak Hour - Motorized Vehicles Peak Hour - Bicycles Peak Hour - Pedestrians Traffic Counts - Motorized Vehicles Note: Total study counts contained in parentheses. Peak Hour:02:45 PM - 03:45 PM Peak 15-Minutes:03:00 PM - 03:15 PM 131 135 2 2 00 138 134 0.53 N S EW 0.42 0.50 0.00 0.65 (135)(131) (2) (2) (134) (138) ()() 13 1 00 1 1 0 0 2 134 0 2 0 0 0 00 FOREST AVE FOREST AVE VISTA DR VISTA DR 80 26 28 0 N S EW 5 21 1018 14 66 0 0 2 27 0 2 2 0 3 1 000 0 2 1 0 0 N S EW 0 2 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Left Thru Right Total EastboundInterval Start Time Rolling Hour West East South North Pedestrian Crossings U-Turn Westbound Northbound Southbound Left Thru RightU-Turn Left Thru RightU-Turn Left Thru RightU-Turn 2:45 PM 0 0 0 0 0 01 52 0 0 0 1 61 0 4 8 72710007 3:00 PM 0 0 0 0 0 01 48 0 0 0 0 127 0 17 2 6500078 3:15 PM 0 0 0 0 0 00 19 1 0 0 0 56 0 0 7 401035 3:30 PM 0 0 0 0 0 00 15 1 0 0 0 27 0 5 11 400011 Vehicle Type Left Thru Right Eastbound U-Turn Westbound Northbound Southbound TotalLeftThruRightU-Turn Left Thru RightU-TurnLeftThruRightU-Turn Articulated Trucks 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 0 00000 Lights 0 0 0 0 0 131134 2 0 0 1 1 2712000 Mediums 0 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 0 00000 Total 134 2 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 131 2712000 atd ALL TRAFFIC DATA SERVICES _J L t I :,J l l. UL I t ..J ~ - -r- t •11, t re: J 7_____.I -..... 367 CC 07-09-2024 367 of 376 VISTA DR VISTA DRLAZANEO DR LAZANEO DR (303) 216-2439 www.alltrafficdata.net Location:5 VISTA DR & LAZANEO DR PM Thursday, November 17, 2022Date: Peak Rolling Hour Flow Rates Peak Hour - Motorized Vehicles Peak Hour - Bicycles Peak Hour - Pedestrians Traffic Counts - Motorized Vehicles Note: Total study counts contained in parentheses. Peak Hour:02:45 PM - 03:45 PM Peak 15-Minutes:03:00 PM - 03:15 PM 24 22 143 145 5378 161 136 0.60 N S EW 0.55 0.45 0.78 0.76 (22)(24) (143) (145) (136) (161) (53)(78) 14 05 3 92 48 25 119 14 0 3 5 27 5 210 LAZANEO DR LAZANEO DR VISTA DR VISTA DR 16 62 36 2 N S EW 3 59 927 12 4 2 0 3 0 0 0 4 0 10 12 320 1 0 0 0 0 N S EW 3 0 1 0 3 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 Left Thru Right Total EastboundInterval Start Time Rolling Hour West East South North Pedestrian Crossings U-Turn Westbound Northbound Southbound Left Thru RightU-Turn Left Thru RightU-Turn Left Thru RightU-Turn 2:45 PM 0 4 3 0 1 01 2 40 0 7 7 83 0 1 5 238150103 3:00 PM 0 8 1 0 2 22 2 45 0 26 53 160 0 47 14 64177 3:15 PM 0 7 0 0 0 00 0 19 0 10 26 72 1 14 10 77030 3:30 PM 0 8 1 0 2 30 10 15 0 5 6 66 1 0 7 19214 Vehicle Type Left Thru Right Eastbound U-Turn Westbound Northbound Southbound TotalLeftThruRightU-Turn Left Thru RightU-TurnLeftThruRightU-Turn Articulated Trucks 1 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 0 0 10000 Lights 26 5 21 4 5 146 119 25 47 92 1 3683000 Mediums 0 0 0 1 0 08 0 0 1 0 2 120000 Total 14 119 25 48 92 3 27 5 21 5 5 14 3813000 atd ALL TRAFFIC DATA SERVICES _J L t I :,J l l. UL I t ..J ~ - -r- t •11, t re: J 7_____.I -..... 368 CC 07-09-2024 368 of 376 Appendix B: Conceptual Plans for Alternatives 1, 2, 2A, and 3 Lawson Middle School Bikeway Feasibility Study July 19, 2023 = ~~XAGON 369 CC 07-09-2024 369 of 376 AP P L E TR E E LA N E ME R R I T T DR I V E BIKE ROUTE VISTADRIVE LARRYWAY VISTADRIVE BIKE ROUTEFO R E S T AV E N U E ALTERNATIVE 1 - BIKE ROUTE AND SHARROW SIGNAGE AND PAVEMENT MARKINGS CONCEPTUAL PLAN JANUARY 2023 NOT FOR CONSTRUCTION MA T C H L I N E , S E E B E L O W R I G H T MA T C H L I N E , S E E A B O V E L E F T MATCH LINE A-A, SEE SHEET 2 1" = 50' SHEET 1 OUTDATED. PLAN DROPPED FROM FURTHER REFINEMENT AFTER THE SECOND COMMUNITY MEETING ON MARCH 16, 2023. HEXAGON TRANSPORTATION CONSULTANTS, INC. 100 Century Center Court, Suite 501 San Jose, California 95112 Ph: (408) 971-6100 www.hextrans.com DATE: 1/25/2023 DRAWN: RRCITY OF CUPERTINO LAWSON LANE MIDDLE SCHOOLBIKE AND PEDESTRIAN FACILITY IMPROVEMENTS SCALE: GRAPHIC SCALE 50 0 25 50 --~----~~-----1 I INCH I I I 50 FEET INSTALL SPEED TABLE TO SLOW VEHICLE SPEEDS AND INCREASE SAFETY OF BIKE/VEHICLE MIXING ZONE AT SCHOOL DRIVEWAY. INSTALL RAISED MEDI (SHOWN AS 3' WIDE) EXISTING CROS EXISTING CROSSWALK TO REMAIN INSTALL SHARED ROADWAY BICYCLE MARKI (TYP., 6 LOCATIONS, THIS SHEET) liiiiiiii)rz'Jl!! ]!II~- EXISTING CROSSWALK TO REMAIN 37 0 CC 07-09-2024 370 of 376 LAZANEODRIVE VI S T A DR I V E WI L L CO U R T PA R I S H PL A C E VI S T A DR I V E FORESTAVENUE PA R I S H PL A C E MI N E R PL A C E PA R L E T T PL A C E BIKE ROUTE MPH 15 BIKE ROUTE VI R G I N I A SW A N PL A C E ALTERNATIVE 1 - BIKE ROUTE AND SHARROW SIGNAGE AND PAVEMENT MARKINGS CONCEPTUAL PLAN JANUARY 2023 NOT FOR CONSTRUCTION MA T C H L I N E , S E E B E L O W R I G H T MA T C H L I N E , S E E A B O V E L E F T MA T C H L I N E A - A , S E E S H E E T 1 1" = 50' SHEET 2 OUTDATED. PLAN DROPPED FROM FURTHER REFINEMENT AFTER THE SECOND COMMUNITY MEETING ON MARCH 16, 2023. HEXAGON TRANSPORTATION CONSULTANTS, INC. 100 Century Center Court, Suite 501 San Jose, California 95112 Ph: (408) 971-6100 www.hextrans.com DATE: 1/25/2023 DRAWN: RRCITY OF CUPERTINO LAWSON LANE MIDDLE SCHOOLBIKE AND PEDESTRIAN FACILITY IMPROVEMENTS SCALE: ADD SCHOOL ZONE WARNING SIGNAGE AS APPROPRIATE, PER CA MUTCD STANDARDS, TO LAZANEO DRIVE GRAPHIC SCALE 50 0 25 --~----~~-----1 INCH = 50 FEET EXISTING TO REMAIN W13-1P (15) AND W11-1 INSTALL SHARED ROADWAY BICYCLE MARKING (TYP., 8 LOCATIONS, THIS SHEET) 50 I 37 1 CC 07-09-2024 371 of 376 AP P L E TR E E LA N E ME R R I T T DR I V E VISTADRIVE LARRYWAY VISTADRIVE FO R E S T AV E N U E ALTERNATIVE 2 - TWO-WAY MIXED-USE TRAIL TO REPLACE EXISTING SIDEWALK CONCEPTUAL PLAN APRIL 2023 NOT FOR CONSTRUCTION MA T C H L I N E  S E E B E L O W R I G H T MA T C H L I N E  S E E A B O V E L E F T MATCH LINE B-B SEE SHEET 4 HEXAGON TRANSPORTATION CONSULTANTS, INC. 100 Century Center Court, Suite 501 San Jose, California 95112 Ph: (408) 971-6100 www.hextrans.com DATE: 4/26/2023 DRAWN: RRCITY OF CUPERTINO LAWSON LANE MIDDLE SCHOOLBIKE AND PEDESTRIAN FACILITY IMPROVEMENTS SCALE:1" = 50' SHEET 3 EXISTING BACKFLOW PREVENTE IMPROVEMENTS AND NEW CU POSITION SHOULD BE DESIGN TO AVOID THESE FEATUR DRIVEWAY WOULD NEED TO BE REBUILT {FROM 11<1S POINT NORTI<, 14' (TYP.) SHIFT CURB LINE 5.5' EAST FOR 14' PATH (RECOMMENDED) OR 3.5' EAST FOR 12' PATH GRAPHIC SCALE 50 0 25 -~----~~-----1 INCH = 50 FEET PARKING ALONG WEST SIDE CAN REMAIN. PARKING LANES MAY REQUIRE NARROWING TO 7'. TRAVEL LANES MAY REQUIRE NARROWING TO 10.5'. ADJUST CENTERLINE STRIPE AS NECESSARY TO PRESERVE PARKING ON BOTH SIDES OF THE STREET. 50 I SOME EXISTING TREES WOULD NEED TO BE REMOVED EXISTING_L. CROSSWALK TO REMAIN PROPRI MUTCD DRIVEWA LONG TR TWO-WAY BIKE CROSSING TO GUIDE WESTBOUND BIKES TO/FROM CLASS IV BIKE FACILITY ADD PAVEMENT MARKINGS AND SIGNAGE AT PEDESTRIAN/BIKE MIXING ZONE ON THE CORNER IN ACCORDANCE WITH CA MUTCD REQUIREMENTS/GUIDELINES CONSIDER RAISED MEDIAN~ 'REMOVE EXISTING SIDEWALK, LANDSCAPING, / 14' PATH (10' TWO-WAY MIXED-USE TRAIL WITH 2' SHOULDERS ON BOTH SIDES) (TYP.) TO BE REBUILT / DRIVEWAY WOULD NEED / EXISTING TREES ALONG FENCE CAN REMAIN / UPDATE AND ADD APPROPRIATE SIGN AGE PER CA MUTCD AT INTERSECTIONS AND DRIVEWAYS (SHOWN AS 3' WIDE) ~ EXISTING BOULARDS ON THIS CORNER. CONSIDER RAISED CURB (SHOWN) OR BULB OUT. REBUILD CURB RAMP AND SIDEWALK ON THIS CORNER TO IN CORPORA TE TRAIL CONNECTION AND TREES IN THIS AREA. REPLACE WITH 14' PATH (10' TWO-WAY MIXED-USE TRAIL WITH 2' SHOULDERS ON EACH SIDE). 14' (TYP.) REMOVE EXISTING SIDEWALK, LANDSCAPING, AND TREES IN THIS AREA. REPLACE WITH 14' PATH (10' TWO-WAY MIXED-USE TRAIL WITH 2' SHOULDERS ON EACH SIDE). TRAIL CAN BE PLACED ANYWHERE BETWEEN CURB AND PROPERTY LINE AND THE REMAINING ,_.5• OF SPACE CAN BE LANDSCAPED. VEMENT MARKINGS AND SIGN IAN/BIKE MIXING ZONE ON IN ACCORDANCE WITH CA ENTS/GUIDELINE AND ALONG TRAIL liiiiiiii)rz'Jl!!1!!!!!!!!9!- 37 2 CC 07-09-2024 372 of 376 LAZANEODRIVE VI S T A DR I V E WI L L CO U R T PA R I S H PL A C E VI S T A DR I V E FORESTAVENUE PA R I S H PL A C E MI N E R PL A C E PA R L E T T PL A C E BIKE ROUTE MPH 15 BIKE ROUTE VI R G I N I A SW A N PL A C E ALTERNATIVE 2 - TWO-WAY MIXED-USE TRAIL TO REPLACE EXISTING SIDEWALK CONCEPTUAL PLAN APRIL 2023 NOT FOR CONSTRUCTION MA T C H L I N E  S E E B E L O W R I G H T MA T C H L I N E  S E E A B O V E L E F T MA T C H L I N E B - B  S E E S H E E T 3 HEXAGON TRANSPORTATION CONSULTANTS, INC. 100 Century Center Court, Suite 501 San Jose, California 95112 Ph: (408) 971-6100 www.hextrans.com DATE: 4/26/2023 DRAWN: RRCITY OF CUPERTINO LAWSON LANE MIDDLE SCHOOLBIKE AND PEDESTRIAN FACILITY IMPROVEMENTS SCALE:1" = 50' SHEET 4 ADD SCHOOL ZONE WARNING SIGNAGE AS APPROPRIATE, PER CA MUTCD STANDARDS, TO LAZANEO DRIVE GRAPHIC SCALE 50 0 25 --~----~~-----I INCH = 50 FEET EXISTING TO REMAIN W13-1P (15) AND W11-1 INSTALL SHARED ROADWAY BICYCLE MARKING (TYP., 6 LOCATIONS, THIS SHEET) .. 50 EXISTING BACKFLOW PREVENTER AND MONUMENT SIGN.~ IMPROVEMENTS SHOULD BE DESIGNED TO AVOID THESE FEATURES. EXISTING DRIVEWAY~ f TO REMAIN • -,j' -~ .. UPDATE AND ADD APPROPRIATE SIGNAGE PER CA MUTCD AT INTERSECTIONS AND DRIVEWAYS AND ALONG TRAIL REMOVE EXISTING SIDEWALK, LANDSCAPING, I AND TREES IN THIS AREA. REPLACE WITH 7 r 14' PATH (10' TWO-WAY MIXED-USE TRAIL I WITH 2' SHOULDERS ON EACH SIDE). I J I • EXISTING PARKING LOT LIGHT WOULD NEED TO BE RELOCATED . RECOMMEND REMO~NG ONE PARKING SPACE AND INSTALL NEW LIGHT IN THAT SPACE. "STOP. PAVEMENT MARKING PRO~DE TWO-WAY BIKE CROSSINGS TO GUIDE EASTBOUND BIKES TO THE MIXED-USE TRAIL AND TO GUIDE WESTBOUND TO SOUTHBOUND BIKES. ADJUST CROSSWALK STRIPING, AS NECESSARY. 37 3 CC 07-09-2024 373 of 376 LAZANEODRIVE VI S T A DR I V E VI S T A DR I V E FORESTAVENUE ALTERNATIVE 2A - TWO-WAY MIXED-USE TRAIL TO REPLACE EXISTING SIDEWALK - ALTERNATIVE TREATMENT AT FOREST AVENUE AND VISTA DRIVE CONCEPTUAL PLAN JANUARY 2023 NOT FOR CONSTRUCTION 1" = 50' SHEET 5 OUTDATED. PLAN DROPPED FROM FURTHER REFINEMENT AFTER THE SECOND COMMUNITY MEETING ON MARCH 16, 2023. HEXAGON TRANSPORTATION CONSULTANTS, INC. 100 Century Center Court, Suite 501 San Jose, California 95112 Ph: (408) 971-6100 www.hextrans.com DATE: 1/25/2023 DRAWN: RRCITY OF CUPERTINO LAWSON LANE MIDDLE SCHOOLBIKE AND PEDESTRIAN FACILITY IMPROVEMENTS SCALE: GRAPHIC SCALE 50 0 25 50 ~-~ I I INCH = 50 FEET EXISTING DRIVEWAY TO REMAIN EXISTING CROSSWALK TO REMAIN STALL NEW TWO-WAY BIKE CROSSING TO ACCOMMODATE Tl-IE SOUTHBOUND TO EASTBOUND AND EASTBOUND TO NORTl-lBOUND BIKE MOVEMENTS I 7 ! e ~ MODIFY EXISTING DRAIN INL NECESSARY TO ACCOMMO NEW CORNE ~INSTALL RECTANGULAR RAPID I FLASHING BEACON (RRFB) WITl-l NEW PEDESTRIAN/BIKE CROSSING I RELOCATE EXISTING STREETLIGHT AND MODIFY EXISTING DRAIN INLET AS NECESSARY TO ACCOMMODATE NEW CURB RAMP 37 4 CC 07-09-2024 374 of 376 AP P L E TR E E LA N E ME R R I T T DR I V E VISTADRIVE LARRYWAY VISTADRIVE FO R E S T AV E N U E ALTERNATIVE 3 - ON-STREET TWO-WAY CLASS IV BIKE FACILITY CONCEPTUAL PLAN APRIL 2023 NOT FOR CONSTRUCTION MA T C H L I N E  S E E B E L O W R I * H T MA T C H L I N E  S E E A B O V E L E F T MATCH LINE C-C SEE SHEET  HEXAGON TRANSPORTATION CONSULTANTS, INC. 100 Century Center Court, Suite 501 San Jose, California 95112 Ph: (408) 971-6100 www.hextrans.com DATE: 4/26/2023 DRAWN: RRCITY OF CUPERTINO LAWSON LANE MIDDLE SCHOOLBIKE AND PEDESTRIAN FACILITY IMPROVEMENTS SCALE:1" = 50' SHEET 6 liiiiiiii)rz'Jl!! ]!II~- GRAPHIC SCALE ---r===---~.:__ _ ____:;~1 ~m [~I 50 0 25 50 ~-~ I I INCH = 50 FEET CONFLICT AREA WITH NG AND NO RAISED ON (TYP.) UPDATE AND ADD APPROPRIATE ~ SIGNAGE PER CA MUTCD AT INTERSECTIONS AND DRIVEWAYS ....._ ___ A_N_D_ALONG BIKE PATH .,__---~-.;.,-...., EXISTING BOLLARDS ON THIS CORNER. CONSIDER RAISED CURB (SHOWN) OR BULB OUT. 2 2 2 2 2 2 VEMENT MARKINGS AND SIGNAGE CTION IN ACCORDANCE WITH CA QUIREMENTS/GUID EXISTING_L. CROSSWALK TO REMAIN ADD PAVEMENT MARKINGS AND SIGNAGE AT INTERSECTION IN ACCORDANCE WITH CA MUTCD REQUIREMENTS/GUIDELINES EXISTING OSSWALK REMAIN 2 2 2 Z Z -\~-WAY BIKE CROS,aNG TO GUIDE WESTBOUND BIKES TO/FROM CLASS IV BIKE FACILITY 37 5 CC 07-09-2024 375 of 376 LAZANEODRIVE VI S T A DR I V E WI L L CO U R T PA R I S H PL A C E VI S T A DR I V E FORESTAVENUE PA R I S H PL A C E MI N E R PL A C E PA R L E T T PL A C E BIKE ROUTE MPH 15 BIKE ROUTE VI R G I N I A SW A N PL A C E ALTERNATIVE 3 - ON-STREET TWO-WAY CLASS IV BIKE FACILITY CONCEPTUAL PLAN APRIL 2023 NOT FOR CONSTRUCTION MA T C H L I N E  S E E B E L O W R I * H T MA T C H L I N E  S E E A B O V E L E F T MA T C H L I N E C - C  S E E S H E E T 7 HEXAGON TRANSPORTATION CONSULTANTS, INC. 100 Century Center Court, Suite 501 San Jose, California 95112 Ph: (408) 971-6100 www.hextrans.com DATE: 4/26/2023 DRAWN: RRCITY OF CUPERTINO LAWSON LANE MIDDLE SCHOOLBIKE AND PEDESTRIAN FACILITY IMPROVEMENTS SCALE:1" = 50' SHEET 7 ADD SCHOOL ZONE WARNING SIGNAGE AS APPROPRIATE, PER CA MUTCD STANDARDS, TO LAZANEO DRIVE GRAPHIC SCALE 50 0 25 --~----~~-----I INCH = 50 FEET EXISTING TO REMAIN W13-1P (15) AND W11-1 INSTALL SHARED ROADWAY BICYCLE MARKING (TYP., 6 LOCATIONS, THIS SHEET) .. 50 I .. 8' TWO-WAY CLASS IV BIKE PATH WITH 3' BUFFER AND VERTICAL SEPARATION (TYP. UPDATE AND ADD APPROPRIATE SIGNAGE PER CA MUTCD AT INTERSECTIONS AND DRIVEWAYS AND ALONG BIKE PATH ~~ <Ciii 0 D.. ::::i 37 6 CC 07-09-2024 376 of 376