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CC General PlanGENERAL PLAN JULY 1979 420.01 (COPY 2) P r yl � •T• �` h � j f i, u6 ��` N�"' �': "i T.. � �. �+° lis � °. f ri �� •� � °�� tit .. 1x'•d �+ � �"' �� �' _ t A++y4y1 �� y;i•.. �i � v �.y, t ryi t:• ( -I.� el I S �� si � 'r i-. n ;4� �. ., 5 y T' t- r�+a4IV.,, `1}I� }:. 3 ! �%♦h�� is r �!%Y' A � ': yL,� Yi C' y f •': aK�. i �C aly�ly���xYi �. �� y pU n'1+`�i;t +,Fp ' ,- R 5 ^y G Fi a. r. . ' CITY OF PERTINO I 46- 1 I I I I Table of Untents. J ec t in Title Pa ge Number ENVIRONMENTAL RESOURCES v:r�w, Introduct.iqp, Space Planning Coni4j'batiq4,.,Planning A 5-2 nand"Management of Resources ?nserva� Agricultural Lands Air, Quality. policies 5-4 ",.,4 VI utants of the Air Basin b I Wildl Matter ente aPq.Vegetation Water Association aid 'Association and Association 11 Woodland and Forest Association 'Mitigation 2�sources 5-14 .Limestone Crushed Rock Sand and Gravel Water Resources 5-16 jPreservation'of Water6heds Ground 4ater: -Facilities Re6h�ige - ' Man -Made' Waier�,,-R. esources "" Con9ervation:ef Urp.an WaterUs'age - , "Conservation Conserva�n 5lT �: F4V Re lonal Persp'ective Residential Energy Use Mitigation Measures :Types of Construction Insulation/Heat Loss Protection. •Orientati ion of Buildings Transportation Energy Conservation Practices Table of Contents Section 0 Title Open Space Resources Public Open Space Management - Regional Agency Actions Midpeninsula Regional Open Space District Santa Clara County . Santa Clara County Parks Program Santa Clara Valley Water District City of Cupertino Open Space Policies and Programs Private Open Space Resources City of Cupertino Neighborhood Parks Program Definition of Need Implementation Explanation of the Priority Code and Funding .Code Described on Table 5-11 Expenditure of Funds for Development and Construction of Facilities PUBLIC HEALTH & SAFETY Introduction Seismic and Geologic Hazard Earthquake Probability Geologic Hazards Acceptable Level of Risk Policy Recommendations Fire Hazard Degree of Hazard Within the Foothill and Mountainous Areas Road Access Water Supply on Montebello Ridge and Stevens Canyon Water Supply for Foothill Regions Within the Urban Service Area Building Codes Page "dumber 5-23 5-23 5-27 5-28 5-30 6-17 I 1 1 1 Tale of Contents Section Title Fire Hazards in the Urbanized Valley Floor Relationship of Building Design and Materials to Fire Risk Accessibility Water Supply Definition of Acceptable Level of Risk Flood Hazard ' Flood Hazard from Rainstorms Flood Hazard from Failure of Man-made Water Storage Facilities ' Flood Hazard Resulting from Landslide Activity in the Hillside Ravings Acceptable Level of Risk and Means to Manage ' Risk Description of Policies and Programs to Reduce Flood Risk Noise Pollution Effect of Noise on People ' The Cupertino Noise Environment Goals and Policies Land Use Compatibility Transportation Noise Local Streets/Neighborhood Protection Trains and Aircraft Overflight t Kaiser Permanente Truck Traffic Non -Transportation Noise Sources Adjoining Dissimilar Land Uses ' Common Neighborhood Disturbances Noise Attenuation Barriers Landscaping and Setbacks 1 Building and Site Design Insulating Buildings from Noise ' Crime Park Design Non -Residential Design for Defensible Space Disaster Planning The Cupertino Emergency Plan II Page Number 6-21 6-22 6-29 6-35 6-39 31] GES1 6-53 6-55 Table of Contents Section Title Page Number 7 IMPLEMENTATION Defining the City's Corporate Limits 7-1 Providing Urban Services Government Efficiency Plan Implementation Chart Monitoring Effectiveness of the Plan Implementation Chart 7-4 - 7-12 APPENDIX A Hillside Slope Density Formula - June 1976 (Adopted by reference)* B Stevens Creek Boulevard Plan Line Action Plan - February 1978 (Adopted by reference)* C General Plan Resolutions (List Attached) D Bibliography (Attached) LAND USE MAP . . . . . . . . . . . . Inside Back Cover * Appendix items A and B are available at the Cupertino Planning Department NOTE: Environmental Documents are available at the Cupertino Planning Department INTRODUCTION 1- '� The Citv_ of Cupertino has the difficult task of planning for the needs of a diversity of individuals and groups which sometimes have a series of conflicting goals and objectives. The task of local government in Cupertino, therefore, is to develop a long- range set of objectives for the City's physical and social development that best meets the needs of its citizens. This task is best accomplished through a Comprehensive General Plan ' containing a series of sub -plans or elements which are listed below: ' Cupertino General Plan Elements Land Use Community Character Housing ' Circulation Environmental Resources Public Health and Safety 1 Community Setting I 1 1 1 1 I 1 Cupertino is strategically located within the metropolitan peninsula of the San Francisco Bay Region. Incorporated in 1955 as the 13th City in Santa Clara County, the community has expanded its role and influence in intergovernmental relations as land uses have shifted from an agricultural emphasis to a broader base of urban activities. I 16 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 INTRODUCTION -z Impetus to create the City of Cupertino's original boundaries was provided by a nucleus of local citizens concerned that attempts by the Cities of Sunnyvale, Santa Clara, and San Jose to incorp- orate the area would submerge its distinctive qualities and diminish the prerogatives of home -rule. Thus, it may be said that "community character" has been an integral aspect of the City of Cupertino since its inception. Land Form Most of the community is on level ground which rises gently to the west. The land begins to incline more swiftly at the channel of Stevens Creek,forming a short plateau in the vicinity of Foothill Boulevard. The plateau area is terminated at the foot of the steep Montebello system of ridges which extend along the west and south edges of the City creating a dramatic amphi- theater backdrop to the Valley Floor. Built Form Generally speaking, development activity in Cupertino through the late 1950's to late 1960's concentrated on residential con- struction. Since the mid 1970's, however, the City has ex- perienced a dynamic.expansion of newemploymentgenerating facilities with the growth of Vallco Industrial Park, North De Anza Boulevard Industrial Park, and the popular regional shopping mall. Most of the City's newest and most intense "urban" building activity has occurred at the east and north -central areas of town, while the southerly and westerly areas have generally retained a more moderate residential character and a greater proportion of older, well-established neighborhoods. Geographical Boundary of the Plan Figure 1-A illustrates the planning area within the City's corporate limits and pockets of land currently within Santa Clara County jurisdiction. Areas within County juris- diction are included in the planning area boundary because City of Cupertino land use decisions directly and indirectly affect County residents. Furthermore, State legislation encourages municipalities to plan all areas within its "Sphere of Influence" General Plan decisions and subsequent zoning actions will not have legal effect on property owners in County jurisdiction unless and until his or her property is annexed into the City. The implementation section of the General Plan describes City policy regarding annexation. The Planning Process The Comprehensive General Plan evolved from an initial physical land use plan adopted in 1964. Each succeeding amendment to the plan added depth in terms of content and implementation technique. The planning process consists of four basic steps: The initial I INTRODUCTION 1-3 I I I I I 1 fLANNIN6 AA 1i Foll llov-0lp� 5� OF 1Nf;1L)r--N (,F- ulzgm y VIG Af 15A I CITY of CUPERTINO plan- an Z:C3 4 f. Cl. I I I I 1 fLANNIN6 AA 1i Foll llov-0lp� 5� OF 1Nf;1L)r--N (,F- ulzgm y VIG Af 15A I CITY of CUPERTINO plan- an INTRODUCTION 1-4 step involves data collection; the second step involves the development of alternative goals and objectives; the third step involves the evaluation of alternatives;and the fourth involves the development of an action plan to implement the favored alternative. Figure 1-B General Plan Process reeMA4K The goal formulation phase requires a high degree of public participation by the citizens in general, special interest groups and elected and appointed officials. The goals and objectives contained in the General Plan were developed by a Citizens Goals Committee over a two-year period ending in 1972. The 1972 Goals and Objectives are incorporated into the plan. The planning process must remain fluid in order to compensate for social and economic change which is beyond the control of local government. The needed flexibility is achieved by an annual plan review process which enables the Planning Commission to test the plan objectives based upon new information. If economic and social changes are significant, a major overhaul of the plan will be necessary. External Factors that Influence the Plan The private marketplace plays a dominant role in the use of land. A public objective to increase the commercial shopping base or the community's industrial base can only be implemented if the private sector is willing to invest within the community. A commercial or industrial investor will weigh his or her decision based upon criteria which may or may not be under control of the local juris- diction. A commercial investor,.for example, is interested in a market analysis which shows an adequate future population level, an adequate household income factor, and a favorable estimate of competition from other commercial centers within and outside of the local community. In another example, The City Plan may designate a specific property for high density residential use which may not be economically feasible because of local lifestyle I INTRODUCTION preferences. The point of the two examples, is to illustrate that while the City has a great deal of latitude in the control of land use, land use decisions must be realistic relative to market forces. The dilemma facing the City of Cupertino and other jurisdictions is a desired land use pattern that may be feasible in the long term but infeasible in the short term (1-5 years).The ' dilemma occurs because of the inability of a landowner to retain land for long periods. Holding costs related to taxes and lost in - income opportunities tend to make immediate development more eco- nomical. ' In addition to marketplace constraints, the Cupertino General Plan is heavily influenced by policies of other local governments, and by actions of other agencies within the governmental hierarchy. The heavy employment base in north Santa Clara County coupled with the extreme concentration of housing in southern sections of San Jose cause a massive intra -County commute which directly impacts Cupertino by causing high levels of traffic congestion and air pollution. Regional agencies and local special districts have the greatest impact on the City's planning abilities. MidPenins•,I= Regional Open Space District's policy to acquire significant acreage in the lower foothills adjacent to the westerly City limit has, in effect, determined the City's ultimate growth boundary. While the acquisition of open space is favored by the majority of Cupertino citizens, the concept of having a narrowly -focused special purpose district decide the City's growth limit and there- fore indirectly affect Cupertino's public service planning pre- rogatives may not be positive. The independent actions of the Cupertino School District Board relative to the closure of schools plays a major role in the City's park planning efforts, and more subjectively, affects the social organization of residential neighborhoods designed around the neighborhood school concept. On a regional level, the Association of Bay Area Governments (ABAG) and the Metropolitan Transportation Commission (MTC) have prepared a joint transportation plan for Santa Clara County which directly influences the modes and service level of transportation that the City can expect in the future and, therefore, the in- tensity of land use permitted on properties within its juris- diction. The Bay Conservation and Development Commission requires that each County develop a Water Waste Management Plan which deter- mines the location and extent of future waste disposal sites. The San Francisco Bay Area Air Pollution District determines the extent to which industrial firms may emit pollutants into the air, there- fore precluding certain industrial activities from locating in the City. Each of the above examples demonstrates the degree to which the City of Cupertino's planning efforts are constrained by other governmental agency decisions. Key Assumptions of the General Plan The goals, policies and programs of the General Plan are based INTRODUCTION not only upon the marketplace and governmental constraints de- lineated above but also based upon key demographic, economic and social (lifestyle) trends. Key assumptions regarding those trends ' are delineated below. Any major change perceived in these trends may require revision of the General Plan. The possibility of fast-moving changes and trends is one of the major reasons why the plan must be reviewed on an annual basis. Demographic Assumptions 1 1 1 I The fertility rate within the San Francisco Bay Area Region (number of children a woman will bear during child-bearing years) will decrease from approximately 2.1 in 1970 to.approximately 1.8 in the year 2000. New household formations are increasing rapidly as "baby boom" children of the post World War II era begin to form families, and as greater numbers of women assume. the role as heads of households. These trends suggest a continuing high demand for new dwellings that will be occupied by smaller -sized households The dual trend may result in a demand for smaller -sized dwelling units. The household size factor is the primary mechanism used by the City to estimate future population levels within the community. Figure 1-C identifies the 1975 household sizes and projected 1990 household sizes for various sub -neighborhoods within the community. The household sizes and the resultant population estimates will play a major role in decisions involving the provision of ser- vices for various areas within the community. For example, neighborhood park planning depends primarily on the future popu- ration level. estimates. FIGURE 1-C PLANNING AREA LOCATIONS HOUSEHOLD SIZES BY PLANNING AREA 1975 1977 1990 SF MF POP. SF MF POP. F.1 A2.97 1.89 2005 2.50 1.59 2100 -Z M 8 3.82 2.25 5185 2.95 1.90 4335 E-1 F2 L C 3.82 2.25 170 2.95 1.90 1535 RIG aK .aa E 3.33 2.45 6620 2.75 2.05 7035 Ji F 3.40 1.88 6430 2.71 1.53 6160 R•2 Hli Hi G 3.56 1.95 885 2.83 1.59 720 E-2 K JZ1 H 3.57 2.24 4625 2.98 1.90 4265 3.65 2.49 5460 2.99 2.32 6045 e O 'H J 3.16 1.97 1795 2.65 1.66 1390 d K 3.16 1_97 4455 2.65 1.66 3735 PI L 3.63 2.34 4920 2.95 2.34 5680 C RZ H 3.40 1.37 5 2.85 1.16 5 l� N 3.82 2.25 0 2.95 1.90 510 0 3.51 2.21 1645 2.95 1.90 1635 P 3.51 2.21 3075 2.95 1.90 1745 TOL.1, 47300 48100 (rounded) (rounded) S.F. - Single-family M.F. - Multiple -family (Apartments, Condominiums) Source: Santa Clara County Planning Department Traffic Analysis Zone (TAZ), which was based upon the 1975 County Census. INTRODUCTION 1-7 Age Distribution There will be dramatic shift in proportions of age groups within the community by 1990. Pre -teen and teenage populations will de- cline while there will be a dramatic increase in the number of individuals in the adult and seniors category. Table 1-A provides the numerical and percentage range in the numbers of individuals within four age group categories. Again, the age distribution within the community will play a major role in the allocation of resources to meet certain specific needs for that age group. Table 1-A 1975¢ 1990 ME 0151IM77ON 8JK-UNZ M'ECVILE AK5A- A64 612our 19,79' 1990 0-9 4,510 15.95% 51511 9:4% 10-19 6, 93+ 31.4 % 5,114 15.9 20.64 t9,175 59.2% 25, M2_ 66.'/, 65+ 11681 5.19% TOTAL, --32,387 loo %s '57,140 loo % souNDAZY TvanlSFeP_ AKEA Nor IWUUPED Economic Assumptions In the terminology of large scale economic systems such as a city, county, or region, economists identify two broad categories of employment: "basic"- referring to jobs and workers producing goods and services which are exported to markets outside the city or region under study, and "service"- employers and employees whose efforts serve local needs only. Basic employment is often accepted as a key indicator of an economic system's wealth and vitality. Basic and service employment within the City of Cupertino will in- crease from approximately 19,350 in 1977 to approximately 29,000 by 1990. That projection is based upon multiplying current employee -per -acre figures for lands planned for basic industrial employment and lands planned for service-oriented commercial em- ployment. It is entirely reasonable to assume that the employment increase is possible given the strong growth of the electronics (basic) industry in Santa Clara Valley. It is not clear at this time whether the housing shortages and increased level of congestion will continue to make Northern Santa Clara Valley attractive to industrial development. However, there appears to be a trend in- volving the movement of more labor-intensive operations within the electronics industry to areas having less expensive labor. There is a strong indication, however, that the research and development segments of existing firms and newer sophisticated electronics industries that require skilled people will continue to be I 16 1 INTRODUCTION 1_8 attracted to the area. The level of skill and professionalism of the future labor force is important in terms of anticipating future housing needs in Cupertino, and may necessitate future re- thinking of housing policies to reflect changes in housing demand as a result of change of income levels of employees. ' An economic study prepared by a private consultant predicts that by 1990 there will be a theoretical.demand for approximately 180,000 sq. ft. of comparison shopping retail space, consisting of department store, apparel, specialty, fast -foods, and personal ' services.1-1 Using a factor of approximately 10,000 sq. ft. of commercial area -per -acre of land, the demand for comparison and specialty shopping will be limited to around 18 acres of land. ' There is room for expansion of highway -oriented specialty commer- cial and office development. 1. Guide land use activities and urban design in a manner to create a community focal point and to create a more pleasing environment, particularly in commercial. shopping areas adjacent to Stevens Creek Boulevard and North De Anza Boulevard. 1-1. Economic Evaluation of Proposed Development Alternatives, by Williams, Kuebelbeck and Associates, January, 1978. Lifestyle Trends ' it is assumed that a strong preference for low-density home owner- ship and transportation by private automobiles will continue to reinforce the suburban character of Cupertino. However, a combina- ' tion of factors related to rapidly increasing land cost, decreasing fuel availability, and family sizes, may require a shift to higher ' densities and mass transit. Assumptions Affecting Provision of Public Services Due to the ownership pattern and intended use of the properties surrounding the City to the south and west, the Plan assumes that the westerly and southerly Urban Service Area boundary will not be ' expanded in the forseeable future. Also, the Plan assumes that there will be no major economic changes that will significantly alter the ability of any major ' service provider to fulfill their function. For example, a disrup- tion of the flow of crude oil might limit the ability of private utility companies to provide services. Finally, the Plan assumes that the present government finance mechanisms will not be limited to a point where City levels of government have severe difficulty providing essential services. Major Proposals The Cupertino Comprehensive Plan will establish the primary direction of the community through implementation of these primary goals: 1. Guide land use activities and urban design in a manner to create a community focal point and to create a more pleasing environment, particularly in commercial. shopping areas adjacent to Stevens Creek Boulevard and North De Anza Boulevard. 1-1. Economic Evaluation of Proposed Development Alternatives, by Williams, Kuebelbeck and Associates, January, 1978. MY, INTRODUCTION 1-9 2. Reduce the negative effect of automobile traffic on the quality of life throughout the community, with particular attention to residential neighbor- hoods. 3. Preserve the quality of the existing residential neighborhoods and increase residential dwelling I' unit densities within the central area of the community to provide greater opportunity for hous- ing of employees attracted by the City's industrial and commercial job market. 4. Protect and enhance the unique scenic, recreation, and vegetative resources within the City's hill- f' sides and natural streambeds. 5. Regulate development in a manner to reduce risk of life and property resulting from flooding, fire, geologic instability and earthquakes. ' 6. Create more effective government through greater efficiency in the provision of services and through encouraging where possible a greater degree i' of self-reliance relative to the provision of servi- ces. [1 6 i I 1 1 1 1 1 I 1 1 1 1 LAND USE/COMMUNITY 2 CHARACTER LAND USE /COMMUNITY CHARACTER oboctim ' The traditional purpose of land use planning is to arrange activities within the community, to achieve harmony between dissimilar uses and protect public health. Communities have ' more recently stressed evaluating economic benefit in the form of increased property value for the private sector, profit potential for the business and manufacturing sector, and a ' strong tax base for the operation of government and schools. In all cases, the material discussed in this Element is repre- sentative of land use planning approaches already established for this community through past General Plan Policy, or which have evolved through the incremental decisionmaking process of the City's various regulatory.l commissions. Accordingly, the ' content of this Element is not intended necessarily to break new ground, but rather to consolidate into a single document, existing written and unwritten land use policies.. ' The Land Use Element policies culminate all other elements of the General Plan and supply the basic direction which other principles of public policy must adhere to. For example, the ' objective to increase the supply and variety of units available in the City is directly related to constraints on the density of residential uses permitted in the Land Use Element. Organi- zation of the transportation network in the Circulation Element must embrace the principles of site accessibility and scale of development intensity prescribed in the Land Use document. This ' Element, then, may be viewed as the "umbrella", under which other aspects of the Comprehensive General Plan are unified and against which the policies advocated ate tested for logic and consistency. 1 Commun ty Cthardder The citizens' appreciation of their community is often corre- lated with its physical appearance, and how well it is organized for their use and enjoyment. Itis the conviction of the City Council that Cupertino has a tangible and particular community character. The term "community character", in the context of Cupertino's General Plan program, refers to a physical setting and visual image which causes the ' City to stand apart from its neighboring jurisdictions. This character contributes to the quality of like and sense of place enjoyed by residents, commerce and industry. Accordingly, the overall purpose and objective of this Element is to assist public and private efforts to maintain and enhance Cupertino's community character. Application of design policies and principles intended to refine our present image, avoidance of the visual contradictions resulting from unguided development practices, and protection of irreplaceable physical resources are methods to be employed. 1 2-1 LAND: USE /COMMUNITY CHARACTER The Issues The City of Cupertino was incorporated in 1955. Since incorpora- tion the processes of physical growth have accelerated to the extent that the community may be considered "fully developed". The urban transportation network reflects an advanced state of comple- tion, and the jurisdictional sphere of influence of Cupertino is fairly well settled. ' Figure 2-A 1 I Most of the City's future physical expansion will occur on the randomly scattered inventory of vacant infilling sites, the development of which will of necessity reflect the character ' and intensity of the established neighborhoods in which they are situated. The foregoing discussion might argue for reducing the priority of future land use planning in the overall context of local activity. The issues which affect the allocation and usage of land, within Cupertino are not strictly confined to the City's ' geographic or political boundaries. Countywide and regional urbanization phenomena, and local concerns, will continue to influence the land use/community character decision-making process. ' The following discussion of generalized issues will provide a context for understanding the specific recommendations and policies discussed in Section II of this Element. A. An Identifiable City Center: Paradoxically, the Town Center/Crossroads area of the community which is the geo- graphical and historical center of Cupertino, remains 1 2_2 LAND USE/COMMUMTY CHARACTER 2-3 in an undeveloped state relative to outlying properties. This situation presents a unique opportunity to create an identifi- able "downtown" at the very heart of the urban pattern, in ' lieu of continuing the trend toward low -profile, low -intensity uses. ' B. Regional Distribution of lobs an& Housing: Incremental development activity in Santa Clara County has polarized the overall distribution of land uses. The North County cities ' have created an overwhelming concentration of employment gener- ating activities, while the southern part of the County has provided most of the housing. The process of moving tens of thousands of individuals each day between these two extremes produces congestion on major arterials which is beginning to spill over into local streets and cause. physical divisiveness within neighborhoods. C. Urban Fiscal Balance: One of the stated objectives of any governmental entity is to provide a reasonable level of public ' service by ensuring that the land use mix will generate a supportive revenue base-, and that the development pattern is arranged in a manner to provide efficient servicing. Fiscal zoning priorities may conflict with other community objectives such as provision of housing for all income levels, and provision of non -emergency municipal services such as parks, recreation activities and library. D. Accelerated Housing Demand: The City will be faced with the challenge of meeting the needs of all income levels of ' the community with regard to housing. The private market place will probably continue to provide expensive large lot detached single-family homes at the expense of other residential developmm forms, thus restricting the locational opportunities of house- holds and lifestyles which may be better served by rental or cluster type housing. ' E. Environmental Management: Continued high demand for developable land may threaten the unique natural and visual resource of the community in the absence of fair but firm ' restrictions to protect the public interest, health, and safety. Unique vistas presented by the wooded hillside slopes of the Montebello Ridge system provide a green backdrop to the City; the riparian environment of Stevens Creek Flood Plain, and significant mature specimen trees throughout the City must be carefully assimilated into the urban context. 1 F. Human Comfort/Community Diversification: Anticipated increases in traffic congestion, and higher residential densities will place an additional burden on the public sector to ensure th; the physiological and psychological health of Cupertino residents is protected from the intrusive impacts of urbanization. Balanced opportunity must be provided for social interaction and personal privacy, both within private living spaces and within the community at large. Equally important, the City must offer a variety of educational, entertainment and cultural experi- ences available at various times throughout the day to ensure I I 1 LAND USE/COMMUNITY CHARACTER 2-4 a continuous vitality to the community's character. Goal A: Utilize the City's limited:'supply.•of"land.' to accommodate adequate space for a full range of human activity. The type of families or households attracted to live in a city is directly correlated with the availability of housing in that community. The Cupertino Housing Element contains numerous references to relationship of population diversity and community character as a function of the City's housing stock. The Element indicates that, if left unchecked, the current trend of the private market to provide low-density, high-cost homes to the exclusion of higher density project will ulti— mately dissuade households with other interesting lifestyles not served by single-family detached homes from locating in, and adding to the vitality of Cupertino. ' Policy 2-1: The Land Use Plan for Cupertino shall provide for a full -range of residential dwelling unit density and tenure type, including rental ' apartments and other high-density types of housing. ' Strategy . 1. Encourage conversion of designated commercial lands to residential uses, subject to appropriate consideration of design and existing neighborhood character, and consideration of municipal services and utilities. 2. Encourage development of residential properties at the "upper limit" of the permitted dwelling unit intensity range. 3. Permit residential development at densities which exceed planned maximums if such development meets a special communitywide social goal and the increase in density will I not adversely affect the traffic -carrying capacity of the local street network, nor adversely alter neighborhood character. 1 Housing Element Goal B page 3-21 Policy 3-5 page 3-20 Policy 3-1 page 3-21 Policy 3-3 3-4 LAND- USE/COMMUNITY CHARACTER The degrees of activity,scale, and formality present in Cupertino are a result of conscious planning decisions. Differences in ' lifestyle, product preference, and chosen mode of travel influence the type of services an individual will seek within the community. A neighborhood park or convenience store may be adequate at a given moment to serve a particular need. These ' centers can provide an informal gathering place for inter -neigh= borhood association and can, if located conveniently, reduce the need for vehicle trips and additional congestion of the street ' network. At other times, a resident may wish to take advantage of a wider selection of merchandise.in a Citywide or regional shopping center, or to obtain medical/dental or professional 1 services within a comprehensive complex. I 19 ' A community may exhibit a lively countenance during daylight hours only to appear deserted and uninviting after the working population leaves for the day. A truly successful community ' character is one which displays vitality during its evening hours, assuring visitor and resident alike that they are welcome in this community even after the day's work is concluded. 1�E A.r.IZA cpLL'F�E Cupertino is fortunate to. have the Flint Center for the Performing Arts at De Anza College Campus as a cultural resource; and Vallco Regional Fashion Park to provide a pleasant safe 1 2-5 LAND" USE /COMMUNITY CHARACTER gathering point to explore a multitude of activity resources during the early evening or weekend, as well as daytime hours. ' Policy 2-2: The Comprehensive Plan for Cupertino shall continue to provide adequate allocation of land area ' to serve the diverse needs of the community for employ- ment, shopping, entertainment, cultural, health care, and personal service. ' Strategy 1. Provide for a regional employment and shopping node within the Vallco Park planning The The Vallco Park Construction Phasing Memo (as amended) shall regulate the timing of development within Vallco Park commensurate with transpor- tation improvements. 2. Public open space nodes within individual neighborhoods should be linked visually and physically ' to their surroundings to facilitate pedestrian and bicycle access and to help defeat the "barrier" effect of travel - ways. 3. Encourage the economic vitality of existing neighborhood serving retailing uses through selective zoning of new centers, and through careful definition of permissible uses. 4. The City shall encourage diverse activities, including evening hour services for entertainment, cultural and ' educational pursuits. As Figure 2-B illustrates, the City seems to lack an evening hour t focal point, especially for convenience of residents west of De Anza Boulevard. The "Town Center" area at the southeast quadrant of De Anza and Stevens Creek Boulevards has been ' planned from its earliest conception as the urban focus of Cupertino Tj _ r 7 Q vYGn� c FfsveG 2-B " orG77VITIE6 WVENTA�I �NEJ(,�I>iaeMa�o �1M6eC14L ■ sGffQ7l5,GFHIP1i1PS��12IyAL . ocny Wipe WMMWU4L A1V4FUY&jWr CONTVE Ak PF.JVXM kVZZ_9Rf10NA1._0IF, E Y BA N/N& c.fIAJGcAtE EYENIN& N0&46C040tP W -AL FOiNf ❑ MYnhr-_ CKV 0fQ4rtft;CW vhw*m ply 1879 C7�G 2-1. Vallco Construction Phasing Memo, January 14, 1974. ?lanning Area Policie page 2-40 Circulation page 4-18 Construction Phasing iemo for Vallco Park July 15, 1974 Trails & Pathways page 4-14 I LAND USE/COMMUNITY CHARACTER The need for such a focus, "Town Center", remains valid in the context of enhancing community character. Cupertino is some- what unique in that it has no identifiable "downtown", and has ' most of its available commercial property in the central part of town. Accordingly, the City has a significant opportunity to create a large-scale focal point which reflects a microcosm ' of the Cupertino lifestyle by providing a diverse commercial, residential and public facility usage mixture in a uniformly - planned approach. ' Policy 2-3: The City shall attempt to coordinate the efforts of private property holders within the Town Center area to plan and create a community focal point ' which expresses the character of Cupertino through a diversity of uses,.serving the City at large and scaled to the enjoyment.o$.pedes.triana. Strategy 1. Withold incremental development of the Town Center planning area until the City has adopted a comprehensive conceptual plan for the district in cooperation with all affected ' property owners. 2. Ensure that planning for the Town Center provides public open spaces linking the Town Center development to both sides of the Torre Avenue extension. ' 3. Approach the architectural design of the Town Center commercial/entertainment segment from a standpoint of unique building forms and subterranean parking, if possible; to enhance pedestrian scale. ' More specific policies for Town Center are described in the Planning Area Policy Section of this section of the Plan. HERITAGE RESOURCES ' Heritage properties are a unique category of urban landmarks in that they identify distinctive aspects of the community's t former lifestyle and activities. Often, these sites remind us. of the colorful personalities which built or occupied them, creating an even stronger tie between today's residents and ' those past. Most of the historically significant properties in Cupertino are in private ownership today. As such, the pressure to remove historic buildings or reconfigure individual sites in a manner' which obscures historic character remains largely unchecked by public policy. Where feasible, the public and private sectors can cooperate to devise creative alternatfves to the irretrievable destruction of heritage properties. 1. Cupertino Chronicle, California History Center, De Anza College, Local History Studies, Vol. 19, 1975. 2. Santa Clara County Heritage Resource Inventory, San Jose, Calif., October, 1975. Planning Area Polici Town Center page 2-39 I 1 1 _j 1 1 LAND-USE/COMMUNITY CHARACTER 2-8 F1 I L w R'�B c`ac�Fl[ } X65 (IG Z -G gTA AIL MkW_ ��/_ "L Wh I In L YMJL D �Vv GpYA�u,�� F^Qy7ff�l R[�K ZLUV6Y*!l'tID GN�LGENTfs2 A successful example of joint public/private effort in rehabili= tation of a historic structure is' the DeLaveaga "Tack House" (stable) within the Rancho Deep Cliff residential subdivision. The building was refurbished extensively inside but still retains much of its original exterior appearance. It is now the focal point of that 61 -home community, serving as the recreation center/meeting hall. Policy 2-4: The City shall undertake an active partnership with private owners of existing landmark structures to rehabilitate them for public or semi- private occupancy and to retain their historic architectural character. Strategy 1. Encourage and assist private efforts to restore historic properties by allowing flexible interpretation of zoning ordinance and code standards not essential to public health and safety, such as reduced on-site parking provisions or lesser setback distances, when such action will facilitate the economics of private restoration effort. 2. Create a historic property zoning category to regulate the unique aspects of historic preservation and to facilitate private owner tax advantages offered for preserved properties in such zones. Goal B: Encourage a development pattern for the community which will promote a variety of scale and formality in building form and which will facilitate access to all parts of the community by all segments of the population. ' 2. Encourage non -City governmental agencies to locate new and re- locate existing administrative office within the Town Center. Policy 2-6. The City shall encourage development of residential and public open -space facilities on -lands adjacent to the City's major commercial thoroughfares to provide a balanced variety of land use intensities, to augment the City's housing supply, and to break existing or potential strip commercial development patterns. LAND -USE /COMMUNITY CHARACTER 2-9 FORM - URBAN tAn aforementioned objective of this land use element is to en- hance community character by encouraging a variety of developed forms and intensities within the City. Intensified nodes of ' urbanization are already committed at the Lands of Vallco Park,and the industrial complex on North De Anza Boulevard. The Town Center has potential for a new activity. Each of these activity nodes ' offers the potential for highly sophisticated building forms to enhance and complement the City's natural skyline. The enhancement of Vallco Park, Town Center, and North De Anza 1 Boulevard will advance the long sought-after community objective of breaking the strip commercial development pattern exhibited on the City's major boulevards. ' Residential uses sited in strategic locations adjacent to major boulevards provide opportunity to intensify streetside landscaping and experiment with interesting juxtapositions of architectural ' form. Reserving spaces adjacent to Cupertino's principal commer- cial boulevards for less intense uses, such as housing or open space, offers a strong statement to the observer that this community ' wishes to deprioritize the automobile's.claim upon diminishing supplies of urban land,and that community identity depends upon the visible evidence of an around-the-clock population to add vitality to the urban core. Policy 2-5: The Land Use Plan shall continue Planning Area Policic ' to provide for and encourage an intensified focus of page 2-36 urban development within the.Vallco Park, North De Anza Boulevard, and Town Center planning areas, subject to appropriate design and transportation network controls. Strategy: 1. Multi -story structures within the Planned Develdpment Building Form 6 Scalc ' communities of Vallco Park, Town Center, and North De Anza page 2-15 Boulevard may be constructed upon a finding that nearby resi- Policy 2-15 dential neighborhoods will not suffer from privacy intrusion Strategy 1 t or be overwhelmed by the scale of a particular structure or group of structures. ' 2. Encourage non -City governmental agencies to locate new and re- locate existing administrative office within the Town Center. Policy 2-6. The City shall encourage development of residential and public open -space facilities on -lands adjacent to the City's major commercial thoroughfares to provide a balanced variety of land use intensities, to augment the City's housing supply, and to break existing or potential strip commercial development patterns. I 1 I 1 I LAND-USE/COMMUNITY CHARACTER 2-10 The strategy to create a more pleasing development form for the City must also include a strong emphasis for community entry points. Gateways Community character was defined earlier in this text as a visual impression distinct from that of adjoining cities. Gateways in- to the City are an important device for organizing the develop- ment pattern and creating a memorable impression of the City for the observer.. 1 Many different forms of visual pl:3norena can define a community "gateway". Sometimes, formal elements such as arches, fountains, 'banners or landscaping are used to identify an entry point. In ' other instances, a gateway may be dramatic without man-made de- vices. Community gateways are not always found at the political boundaries of neighboring cities, but may occur at places well within the City limits. For example, the system of overcrossing at Lawrence Expressway and Stevens Creek Boulevard are a definite gateway to the east edge of Cupertino,.even though that,structure is technically out of the City. ' Policy 2-T. Properties adjacent to community entry points should be reviewed at the time of development ' or redevelopment to reflect the "gateway" concept. Non -Residential Development Standards The primary objective of a land use plan is to guide the develop- ment form and land use intensity of the built environment. In order to plan the successful integration of mixed land uses in the idential Gateways e 2-18 po 1 1 1 LAND.. USE/COMMUNITY CHARACTER urban core and ensure that the community's character is enhanced at a micro -scale, the Cupertino Land Use/Community Character Element contains site and architectural design guidelines. Policy 2-g: Driveway openings (curb cuts) per site should be minimal in number. Numerous driveway approaches can impede efficient traffic flow on "busy" streets as drivers merge into travel lanes in indiscrimi- nate patterns. Also, by limiting frequency of driveways, frontage landscape themes can maintain a stronger visual sense of continuity than would be possible otherwise. ' Strategy 1 I 1 I I 1 1. Where feasible, adjacent properties should implement shared driveway access and interconnected internal circulation systems. In instances of remodeling on -existing non-resident sites, the City may require closures and/or consolidation of existing driveway openings. 2. Properties with frontages on major and secondary streets should direct access to on-site driveways from the secondary street. R tFFdiiiiiiiil 5 �Bf •Gx MR,be mer LONnMuRY of lAND9CAPL UNMTUQOZ 2-11 itation on Access e 4-19 icy 4-5 I LAND. USE /COMMUNITY CHARACTER 3. Temporary driveway openings may be permitted on a non- residential site subject to findings by the City that such a ' facility is necessary to public safety. Temporary driveway openings may be removed and access incorporated with other driveways when surrounding properties develop or redevelop. Policy 2-9: Street improvements such as driveway openings) sidewalks, bus turnouts and shelters and street furniture ' such as lighting standards, benches, trash containers and so forth should be planned as an integral part of any project site to ensure safe, efficient movement of people ' and vehicles into and away from the site with minimum disruption to the appearance of the streetscape% ' Strategy 1. Sidewalk width should generally not exceed five (5) feet. Access from sidewalk to parking areas or building frontage ' will be examined at the time individual sites develop.to regulate entry to the site at a central point. ' 2. Bus stop turnouts (in whole or in part) may be required with- in the street frontage of a new or redeveloping site, and may include necessary street furniture for the comfort of those waiting for a bus. Santa Clara County Transit District specifications for improving such facilities shall be fol= lowed. ' Policy 2-10: The City shall assess the proposed layout of a parking area to ensure that the space accommodates safe movements of persons and vehicles. ' Strategy 1. Parking areas should include clearly defined spaces for ' pedestrians to separate foot traffic from the hazards of vehicle travel and to direct persons from their cars to building entries. 1 1 .t P - �,IIIIuiN@IIOu/1u1n1M11WWb.c;}=r•��r._:anxun�� din v Q11! /SLS �I mI � 2-12 Alternatives to the Automobile page 4-22 Policy 4-8 Strategy 2 LAND,. USE /COMMUNITY CHARACTER 2. Adjacent properties of similar use should attempt to link parking areas together through a coordinated circulation network. Appropriate legal documents to formalize implemen- tation of shared parking and circulation easements, should be required as conditions of development. ' 3. Locking bicycle parking facilities should be provided for commercial and industrial developments and should be situated in high surveillance areas to minimize risk of theft. Landscaping/Parking Area Improvements Attractive plant materials, carefully arranged and dutifully ' maintained, are one of the most refreshing and visual elements to be found on the urban streetscape. High quality landscaping along street frontages and on-site perimeters promote suface ' drainage, provide color and seasonal variation, complement build- ing form and soften the appearance of hard surface pavements. ' Parking areas should provide for efficient storage and movement of customer and employee vehicles. More than serving this basic function, however, parking areas should enhance the business sites which they serve, and should provide for safe and comfort- able pedestrian activity within their bounds. 2-13 Alternatives to the Automobile page 4-22 Policy 4-8 Strategy 3 Policy 2-11: The City shall continue to regard on-site landscaping as a high priority item of review in development proposals, and shall require creative compliance with minimal landscape design standards. ' Strategy 1. Trees planted adjacent to major streets shall be a minimum 15 -gallon container initial size; shrubs will be a minimum '5 -gallon container initial size. 2. Plant materials. shall be selected to provide a variety of seasonal color, leaf texture and growth habit. 3. At least 50% of all plant materials installed per site shall be of a drought -resistant character. ' 4. Live ground cover varieties shall be used in.place of manufactured materials or processed matter such as "tan ' bark". "clusters", 5. Plant material should be arranged in informal rather than spaced at regular intervals, to simulate natural growth patterns. 6. Automatic irrigation should be provided to all planting areas. 7. Competent maintenance of landscaped areas should continue 2-13 Alternatives to the Automobile page 4-22 Policy 4-8 Strategy 3 after project completion; the City will monitor maintenance quality from time -to -time and require correction of deficiencies. ' Policy 2-12: The City shall continue to require land developers to retain native and exotic specimen trees on the development sites. Specimen trees can be removed ' when irreversibly diseased or when tree is located in a manner which severely limits the use of property in a manner not typically experienced by owner of similarly zoned property. ' Policy 2-13: In instances of redevelopment, the City may require addition of landscaped areas to sites de- ficient in street front or perimeter plantings or aug- mentation of existing planter areas, as a condition of obtaining a building permit. ' Policy 2-14: Parking areas should be screened from public streets and adjoining private and public properties by utilizing grading and landscaping techniques. The screen- ing technique should not preclude police surveillance from adjoining streets. ' Strategy 1. Earth berms, in combination with dense landscape materials, should be used on parking lot perimeters adjacent to street frontages. ' 2. Parking lot grade elevations should be kept at or below the level of adjacent top of curb to minimize automobile parking visibility. ' 3. Perimeter landscaping areas for all non-residential sites should not be less than 5 ft. wide where they adjoin the ' perimeter of an adjacent non-residential property, nor less than 15 ft. wide where they adjoin a residential property. 4. Parking stall bays should include planter areas at each end ' and in the center, except when providing pedestrian path including shade trees, and should provide "kick -outs", tree pockets or other devices for shading the parking area. ' Building Form and Scale ' Previous discussion of the City's future development pattern has suggested the appropriateness of encouraging variation in form, scale and intensity of building activity throughout the City. Nigh intensity nodes offer the greatest opportunity for innovative construction planning, and the City should actively encourage creative approaches to large scale site planning. I 2-L4 Ord.(#778) LAND USE/COMMUNITY CHARACTER 2-15 Policy 2-15: Development review shall emphasize visually attractive on-site environments through careful attention to building scale, landscaping, placement and screening of equipment/loading areas and related design considerations. Strategy ' 1. Building height should reflect the prevailing low -profile design of existing community form. In certain locations, heights in excess of two stories may be considered where an ' existing urban character is established, or where a tall building might accentuate a community gateway. 2. Building placement on a site should avoid monotony and a ' monolithic appearance within the surroundings. Where the project involves a large number of buildings, they should be grouped to create a feeling of spatial units. 1 1 1 1 3. Developers of commercial, office or industrial sites are en- couraged to investigate the concept of underground parking or construction of building mass above the ground level parking. The design of below -level parking facilities shall be reviewer by the City's police agency, with the objective of minimizing the potential for crime. MULTI -5TM 40kWfWA4- Urban Form page 2-9 Policy 2-5 Strategy 1 Crime page 6-54 Policy 6-29 e LAND USE /COMMUNITY CHARACTER Policy 2-16: The City should encourage the use of d -e- - sign techniques and development controls which will off- set the devisive barrier effects of major roadways. Strategy 1. Designate less intense building scales on properties adjoining. streets which lead to residential neighborhoods. 2. Delineate pedestrian crossings with pavement treatments scaled to the speed of the street, and use "chokers" to decrease the distance of street crossing. 2-16 'Part; Access page 5-30 Policy 5-27 Mitigate Impacts of Circulation System page 4-23 Policy 4-11 I LAND USE/COMMUNITY CHARACTER i 2-17 AUTOMOBILE ORIENTED BUSINESSES Council policy suggests that take-out restaurant uses should be placed in established shopping centers and discouraged as freestanding uses to provide more effective control of traffic congestion, litter and loitering which often follow such opera- tions. Both of these policies remain in effect at the present time and will probably continue into the foreseeable future. A new and corollary phenomenon of intensified site usage is the multi -service market/gasoline sales activity currently promoted by some members of the convenience grocery business and some of the Nation's major oil retailers. There are certain advantages to these facilities. These centers would perhaps encourage some energy savings by allowing one-stop shopping for household goods, garden supplies and gasoline, thus eliminating unnecessary ' travel. However, these advantages must be weighed against the high standards of visual community character already established by the development pattern, and should be integrated on site ' with sufficient space to adequately minimize more intensive attraction of vehicle traffic. ' Policy 2-17: The City of Cupertino will actively dis- Drive -up Windows courage further expansion of the take-out restaurant pages 5-9, 5-10 business within its jurisdiction, when proposed as a Policy 5-5 freestanding use, and not part of an overall planned center. ' Policy 2-18: The City of Cupertino will not permit new drive -up service facilities for any commercial, institutional or industrial use. Goal C: Enhance and protect the integrity of residen- tial neighborhoods of the community. ' RESIDENTIAL NEIGHBORHOODS The City's basic organizational component is the neighborhood. Traffic in Neighborhoods may incorporate a large variety of activities or Neighborhoods ' be oriented largely to a single -purpose usage. Any neighborhood, page 4-23 however, must be planned carefully to ensure that its residents Policy 4-12 enjoy a safe and comfortable living environment, and a reason- able protection of their property investment. The choice of an individual's home and location is as much an ' emotional as a financial investment. Cooperative interrela- tionships can flourish within a neighborhood, or within sub- sections of a neighborhood when residents feel identified with, ' and responsible to those who also live close by. Households can assist one another in supervising children at play..and protect- ing property against burglary or other crime. Individual prop- erty owners also experience greater incentive to continue prop- erty maintenance at high standards. 1 I LAND USE /COMMUNITY CHARACTER _. _ 6RTEWAYS 6117Y WIDE VVMIY ' b NEIGHBORHOOD Grirr:�WAY CQpd CUPWO pim W" Pim AM I?c Neighborhood Entries 1 Well-defined entry points are a key aspect of neighborhood organi- zation. By accentuating the gateway, motorists are alerted to the presence of human activity and are likely to reduce speed and in- crease vigilance. Also, an appropriately styled and scaled visual "gateway" device can be an aid to the individual resident's feel- ing of identity with a specific area of the wider community. Policy 2-19: Neighborhood entry points should be de- fined through architectural, landscape, or topographic techniques appropriate to the formal or rural character ,.of that neighborhood. The City's design review boards ' should discourage the use of.neighborhood entry concepts which create isolated individual developments, such as the use of electronic security gates and walls or fences. 1 Strategy 1 Existing housing groups should be identified as area rede- velopment occurs and should be enhanced through modifica- tion of street pattern, street landscaping or other techniques. 1 me Community Gateways page 2-10 Noise Control Policy 6-27 page 6-50 LAND .USE/COMMUNITY CHARACTER Housing Variety ' Goal B of the Housing Element commits the City to encourage a variety of available housing types within the City. Persons with low or moderate income such as the elderly, the handicapped, ' newly -formed households or students can be excluded from locating in Cupertino when housing suitable to their needs is unavailable. ' Current zoning regulations in Cupertino tend to perpetulate "single purpose" neighborhoods of homogenous built -forms. Often, however, skilled designers are able to integrate more intense residential uses on infill sites without visual harm to existing ' neighborhood character. ' Policy 2-20: The City shall encourage variation in housing type and intensification of density for properties in the urban core area from that per- mitted by the underlying zoning district, subject to design considerations which ensure that the develop- ment is consistent with the visual character of sur- rounding uses. Privacy A successful residential environment should provide opportunity for social contact, as a matter of choice,and space for solitude both inside and outside of the structure. Public agency attention to privacy intrusion control solutions in the initial stages of development approval can go far toward achieving the objective of social separation among individual homesites. "One - hundred percent effective performance standards in privacy in- trusion control are not realistic in an intensely settled geo- graphic region, and some degree of trade-off must be made between the need for isolation versus the choice to live in the urbanized Cupertino community. ' Policy 2-21: The site design for a residential project should provide private indoor and outdoor spaces for each dwelling unit and common outdoor recreation space, ' Policy 2-22: Design of residential development shall include techniques to minimize visual and auditory in- trusion impacts upon individual occupants from activities originating on adjoining sites. Strategy 1. Building separation, as a privacy intrusion control technique, should be analyzed as a relationship between adjoining 2-19 Goal B,Housing Elemen page 3-22 Integrate Uses page 3-21 Policy 3-4 & 3-5 Privacy Provisions R3 Ord. (11779) R1C Ord. (11664) I LAND-USE/COMMUNITY CHARACTER I interior living areas, and the size and frequency of wall openings. Q USSM SOFMAMCN i `� 2. Privacy intrusion control devices should be made to function and appear as an integral part of the architectural concept of the building to which they are attached. Fixed shutters, obscure glazing or "wing walls" adjacent to window openings are possible techniques for considerations. � a L �raa �raaa nAWM ^ DRi MI\ACY WWWAOLS 3. Landscaping as a privacy protect"_on control method should usually be supplemented with architectural design and site layout techniques to provide immediate privacy intrusion protection without waiting for plant material to mature. Interface between Uses Housing environments adjoining commercial and industrial land uses are a common occurrence in Cupertino. Commercial structures front- ing on major streets with residential uses to the side or rear can 2-20 I LAND .USE /COMMUNITY CHARACTER I� 1 1 1 I H I 1 1 1 cc -exist peacefully-, provided that adequate design control's are considered at project inception. Policy 2-23: The City shall help protect residential uees,which adjoin. commercial or industrial sites, from potential noise, traffic, litter, and public safety hazards through adequate separation of structures and careful siting of loading areas or other noise generating sources. Strategy 1. Separate non-residential and residential structures as may be required by the Planning Commission at the time of individual site review. Separations may be required according to build- ing height, size of intervening fences and barriers, and in- tensity of commercial or industrial activity anticipated. 2. Loading areas, service doors, mechanical equipment compounds and trash enclosures should be located as far as possible a- way from adjoining residential properties. 3. Hours of operation should be controlled. High Quality Design The City of Cupertino traditionally attracts high-quality develop- ment design proposals in part due to the premium value of land, and to the community's reputation for demands of excellence in built -form. Certain principles of residential building design have evolved as standards of exterior visual quality which rein- force community character in the housing stock. Policy 2'-24: Proposed or remodeled residential structures, other than single-family detached units, shall be thoroughly studied in development review to ensure that they reflect a pleasing sense of scale and exterior visual interest. Strategy 1, Create a pleasing and distinctive building form through vari- 2-21 ® rM.... Policy 2-23: The City shall help protect residential uees,which adjoin. commercial or industrial sites, from potential noise, traffic, litter, and public safety hazards through adequate separation of structures and careful siting of loading areas or other noise generating sources. Strategy 1. Separate non-residential and residential structures as may be required by the Planning Commission at the time of individual site review. Separations may be required according to build- ing height, size of intervening fences and barriers, and in- tensity of commercial or industrial activity anticipated. 2. Loading areas, service doors, mechanical equipment compounds and trash enclosures should be located as far as possible a- way from adjoining residential properties. 3. Hours of operation should be controlled. High Quality Design The City of Cupertino traditionally attracts high-quality develop- ment design proposals in part due to the premium value of land, and to the community's reputation for demands of excellence in built -form. Certain principles of residential building design have evolved as standards of exterior visual quality which rein- force community character in the housing stock. Policy 2'-24: Proposed or remodeled residential structures, other than single-family detached units, shall be thoroughly studied in development review to ensure that they reflect a pleasing sense of scale and exterior visual interest. Strategy 1, Create a pleasing and distinctive building form through vari- 2-21 1 1 1 1 1 p LAND .USE/COMMUNITY CHARACTER ation in colors, textures and materials which carry through on all four sides of the structure. i y���, �,-'•� as PJ I Flu 2. Strive to utilize an intersting variety of roof shapes and styles. Oceglf 01 t wiwn �M� 3. Natural land features should be incorporated into the overall layout of a residential site. Out-croppings, stream courses, specimen trees should be used as focal points in the project when feasible, and should not be overwhelmed by built -forms. ' 4. Residential building height should be controlled as provided for in existing zoning regulations. In zoning districts where no definite height limit standard is specified, three story forms may be considered subject to adequate design consider- ation of the surrounding neighborhoods. 1 Traffic Intrusion As mentioned previously, Cupertino's urban form emphasizes major boulevards and traffic -ways. Unfortunately, as peak traffic volumes begin to fill those major streets, a certain portion of that traffic may divert through local neighborhood streets. Traffic Management Science has evolved several approaches to solving the problem of minimizing "through" traffic 2_22 I LAND,.USE/COMMUNITY CHARACTER in local residential districts. Techniques used successfully in other communities include creating circuitous rather than direct connection of collector streets between arterials, "diverters" to 1 direct or eliminate turning movements, and variations in pavement width to discourage speeding and accentuate pedestrian crossings. 1 Policy 2-45.: The City shall undertake a comprehensive investigation of aeighborhood.traffic patterns and de- vise solutions which protect neighborhood streets from 1 the spill-over effects of arterial through traffic. Neighborhood Park 1 ' 1 The current network of public open space offers most residents and visitors the opportunity for active play or quiet relaxation. In some cases, however, park sites are inadequately sized or under 1 facilitated to accommodate the population which they serve. In some instances, access to public open spaces is hampered by the existing traffic or development pattern. The neighborhood park site is an important aspect of strengthening the integrity of the 1 residential living environment, as it offers an unrestricted' meeting place for socialization and a visual respite from the continuity of the neighborhood's built -form. 1 s =- nuanorr�u. 1 The Open Space Element details the park space needs of the City's various neighborhoods and offers strategic recommendations for expansion of undersized facilities, along with policies to clarify linkage of the park to its service area. 1 Special Neighborhood Planning Traditional land use planning techniques are intended to be applied uniformly to any property in a particular planning district. While this approach attempts to ensure that the regulatory process treats all owners of similarly situated properties equally, generalized devices do not always leave sufficient flexibility to deal 1 Circulation page 4-23 Policy 4-10 4-11 4-12 Noise page 6-43 Policy 6-18 6-19 Parks page 5-30 2-23 LAND. USE/COMMUNITY CHARACTER adequately with unique subtleties of form and function which may be encountered in different geographic locations of the City. ' For this reason, the City should recognize the particular quali- ties of certain design areas and tailor a specific land use pro- gram to that district's special requirements. \-- i Policy 2-2,6: The Planning Commission should undertake the task of preparing conceptual area land use plans for certain neighborhoods which are subject to un- usual environmental or geographic sensitivities. A Joint City/County Specific Plan was adopted for the Old Monta ' Vista area and is incorporated into this document by reference. A Conceptual Zoning Plan was adopted for the North De Anza Boule- vard area. These plans are adopted as part of the existing land ' use criteria for Cupertino and are reaffirmed by reference in this revised Element. Neighborhoods for future study might include Town Center and Vallco Park in cooperation with the private design teams planning these areas and Stevens Creek Boulevard. 1 Goal D: Provisions for the protection of the environ- ment and the personal safety of the City's residents shall be of primary concern in all elements of the General Plan. ' ENVIRONMENTAL PLANNING. Maintenance of community character requires respect for irreplace- able assets of nature in the process of growth and development. In some cases, careful design controls can actually cause man- made form to complement and enhance the natural terrain. For example, the highly symbolic Mary Knoll Seminary is situated on a prominent ridgeline and accents the wooded setting of this hillside landmark. In other instances, the land's indigenous vegetative covering should be left undisturbed as a break in the continuity of the urban pattern, as in the case of the Stevens Creek Flood ' Plain. ns Creek Blvd. Line Study n Plan th De Anza Blvd. ceotual Plan I LAND .USE /COMMUNITY CHARACTER 2-25 I •;�:r--- ::�.�z���-., � i- �I � QTR n': 1.�4i �J�:�` L `-fit ^•`� C� Y .. .� a:4..�I�1 v� �. • '� ' Preserving the Hillsides The Cupertino hillsides are an invaluable resource shared by resi- dents of the entire Santa Clara Valley. The introduction of low - intensity residential development into the foothills will create a proprietary interest among owners to preserve the natural environ- ment. In that sense, owners function as custodians. While a low- density designation for hillside limits housing opportunities to high-income purchasers, the position is in compliance with the broad objective of providing housing opportunities for all economic seg- ments of the community. In the case of the foothills, the community is trading off low and moderate -income housing opportunity for the preservation of a natural resource which benefits a regional popula- tion. Policy 2-27: The foothills may be developed with low- RHS Zoning District intensity residential use with the dwelling unit in- Ord, .(#881) tensity to be based upon the application of a slope - density formula. Limited commercial/professional Hillside Subdivision office uses may be permitted within a Hillside Planned Ord. 0882) Development if said uses directly serve the residents ' located within a Planned Community. Appendix A provides Appendix A detailed information regarding the application of slope Hillside Slope Densit density formulas. Formula ' Hillside development will result in some scarring as a result of grading for roads, housing sites, and public and private subdivision improvements. The City's improvement standards must, therefore, be ' designed to balance the need to provide adequate utility and public emergency services against the need to protect the land form, vege- tation, and animal life of the hillsides. Roads should be narrowed ' to avoid trees and streambeds. Grading should be minimized by pro- hibiting mass grading for building sites and by allowing narrow driveways to serve more than one lot in lieu of public streets. ' Policy 2-28: In order to preserve the rural character of the hillsides, the residential hillside zoning ordinance and hillside subdivision regulations shall provide for urban improvement standards. Strategy 1. New construction, especially in flood hazard or hillside Public Safety areas, should follow existing land contour and utilize Policy 6-12 page 6-34 1 LAND USE /COMMUNITY CHARACTER alternative methods to "mass grading". 2. Significant specimen trees, especially where such occur ' in groves or clusters should be retained and integrated into the developed site. ' The Montebello foothills system at the south and west boundaries of the valley floor provide a scenic backdrop to the City, add- ing to its sense of scale and variety of color. While an unin- .hibited view of the hills from any vantage point cannot be ' guaranteed, public enjoyment of this unique visual resource should be accessible from public gathering places. ' Policy 2-29: Layout and design of public facilities.. ' particularly public open spaces, should be oriented to incorporate views toward the foothills or toward other nearby natural features. Strategy _ 1. In the case of properties located adjacent to public open space preserves and parks, public rights of way, private driveways and building sites shall be removed as far as possible from said open space and park land so as to en- hance their natural open space character and protect vegetation and animal resources. ' 2. Homes and other structures in the hillsides shall be located so as not to substantially disrupt the natural silhouetteof prominent ridges as viewed from the valley floor. ' Proper regard for natuxal phenomenon in the urban context must also include responsible management of certain environmental risks ' and hazards. Land use within highly -sensitive areas must reflect a degree of caution in order to protect human life and property from the dangers of flood waters, brush fires, earthquakes, and landslides. .Policy 2-30: Proposals for hillside development shall ' be subject to prior investigationby competent pro- fessional consultants to ascertain the presence of, and solutions to mitigate environmental dangers. Policy 2-31: Natural conditions of land form and signi- ficant vegetation should be subject to the least degree of disturbance possible during development. Stevens Creek and its streamside environment are among the most 2-26 Tree.Ord. (#778) Geologic Hazards pages 6-1 through 6-17 LAND USE /COMMUNITY CHARACTER pervasive natural influences on the character of Cupertino. The Creek forms a strong demarcation of the urban and rural portions of the City, extends a note of unspoiled beauty into the heart of the developed valley floor, and provides many residents and visitors with a pleasant space for play, relaxation or study of its plant and animal life. At times, however, flood waters from ' the Creek can pose a risk to the community. Permitted uses in the flood plain should allow for public accessi- bility, but should prohibit materials which restrict free-flow of creek waters or which significantly disturb the riparian environment. Policy 2-32: Existing commercial/recreation uses that are exclusively within the natural flood plain shall remain as a commercial/recreation and/or agricultural use. ' Policy 2-33:'Non-recreation properties shall be designated residential 0-5 dwelling units per acre with the following stipulations. ' a. In no case shall structures designed for forced human habitation (such as dwelling units) 'be allowed in the natural flood plain as defined by the General Plan based upon data submitted by the Santa Clara Valley Water District. Unfenced volleyball courts, picnic tables and similar recreation uses common to a ' commercial/recreation use and residential development may be constructed within the natural flood plain. b. The maximum number of dwelling units allowed on each property or group of properties consolidated into one development plan will be based upon the numerical designation range described on the General Plan Map. The ' land area within the natural flood plain can be credited in an amount not to exceed one dwelling unit per gross acre to determine the total number of dwelling units per- ' mitted on each property or group of properties consoli- dated into one development plan. If a parcel is divided, with a portion located outside of the natural flood plain, ' the maximum dwelling unit density for said property(les) shall be six (6) dwelling units per gross acre. This policy will preclude a situation whereby a relatively small property will obtain a high density status as a result of one (1) dwelling unit per acre density credit from a relatively large area within the flood plain. The total number of units allowed on the property or group of properties consolidated into a single develop- ment plan will be based upon the ability of the applicant and his professional design team to integrate the develop- ment into natural environment of Stevens Creek and ad- jacent residential neighborhoods. The environmental 2- 2, Private Open Space page 5-28 Policy 5-25 Figure 5-6 page 5-29 Flood Ord. #1002 Chapter 16.48 Municipal Code 1 LAND -USE/COMMUNITY CHARACTER assessment procedure and the criteria contained within the single-family cluster ordinance will help to define the appropriate density range for each individual ' development. c. Residential development plans shall incorporate the ' Stevens Creek trail concept described in the public parks section of the General Plan. ' Policy 2-34: Public and Quasi -Public land uses and agricultural land'uses shall be allowed within the natural flood plain after review in conjunction with a ' specific zoning or use permit application. / Neighborhood Awareness Criminal activities such as burglary and vandalism occur even in the finest neighborhoods. While investigating and solving crimes is the principal function of the public police agencies, prevention of crime is a joint responsibility of the in- dividual resident or merchant. Security considerations must enter into the design of new buildings and site layout of new projects, both for the peace of mind of inhabitants, and for control of ser- vice burdens on the local police. Additionally, building design and orientation should enable.neighbors to assist each other in emonitoring their respective properties and children's play areas. Policy 2-35: Employ design techniques in new develop- ment or rehabilitation which will help to increase security and personal safety and which enables co- operative neighborhood awareness. Energy Awareness 1 ' Public attention has focused more clearly in recent years on the need to develop long-term alternatives to present levels of de- pendence on fossil -fuel energy sources. One energy efficient alternative is the application of site and building design prin- ciples which utilize the benefits and control the disadvantages of the prevailing seasonal climate. This section discusses a few of the many different approaches for enhancing the comfort of the home environment and reducing energy consumed to heat.or cool interior spaces. Policy 2-36; Special precaution should be taken to -. 2- 28 Open Space Map page 5-24 Figure 5-F 'ublic Safety 'olicy 6-11 )age 6-34 Public Health & Safet page 6-53 6-54 Public Safety Policy 6-28 page 6-54 Environmental Resource Energy Conservation pages 5-19 through 5-23 I LAND. USE /COMMUNITY CHARACTER ensure that all residents have an acceptable balance of access to and protection from the sun, and effec- tive control of prevailing winds at their homes. Sun Control: The State Subdivision Act requires the City to consider solar access when reviewing subdivision design. In addition to subdi- vision design builders will be encouraged to orientate private out- door spaces to the south, east or west sides of a site, preferably with two unobstructed orientations to increase the number of hours of sunlight available each day. Private open spaces should be sheltered from the sun. A portion of the use of trellis work, awnings or land- scaping, height and position of adjacent structures should be studied to protect against excessive shadow patterns on related yard spaces, assuring -equitable access to the benefits of solar radiation. Ir ALLOW WMM *0 �a m Tfru t Wind Control: Prevailing winds in the City originate from the northwest across San Francisco Bay. The relatively low built - forms and gentle topography between the Bay and Cupertino have little effect on general reduction of wind velocities which reach a peak during afternoon hours. The prevailing winds are an im- portant component of the climatic comfort of a living environment, since the breezes can provide relief from warm temperatures. High winds can tend to discourage use of outdoor areas; accordingly, careful site design can break up wind patterns and reduce their speed to produce gentler, more refreshing breezes. uT/' �� i rRLNO ifs VtfsG�1P.T10K �D P[D� ' �' rnoc� Utrax/.Tt� •TurJ4 CutLZIM&S.45' •M t10E%W wRC, w tND A AUAWG 1N GLUMS 'CO ICPCU(� V�LOIaT'( � _CHANNEL �� �yg6. 2- 29 LAND USE /COMMUNITY CHARACTER ir =47--7 mffzamb _W Avow 0*?Y-cr Cupertino's urban form and the lifestyles of its citizens are heav- ily influenced by the surface street network. Streets can have a pos tive influence by forming edges which tend to unify generalized areas into neighborhoods or conversely streets can have a negative influence by compartmentalizing areas of the community. When edges lack penetrability and close one region off from an- other, they are called 'barriers" and their social effects can be detrimental. Studies have shown, for example, that speed, even more than traffic volume, has a compelling influence on the activities of persons living in close proximity to major streets. Families with young children tend to shun housing in such locations when alternatives are available. Pet ownership is some- times foregone due to traffic dangers. As a result of past decisions and growth of surrounding commun- ities, Cupertino is cross -divided by a grid of major streets with high volume carrying capacity to accommodate through commute traffic. Of all aspects of built -form, the roadway network rep- resents perhaps the most serious threat to the integrity of our community character. Traffic danger, odor, noise and"the "stack- ing" effect of vehicles at high demand volume periods are dis- ruptive to the organization of land use activities arranged along these streets. Taken to extremes, the divisive effect of major boulevards could disrupt the composite identity of Cupertino into a random collection of individual neighborhoods. A city which is designed around the functional needs of the auto- mobile has an entirely different developed form from that of a city which fs structured to accommodate a variety of transportation modes. The resultant system not only affects the degree of trans- portation opportunity for all people, but also has design impli- cations. 1 LAND USE /COMMUNITY CHARACTER 3'A0ND°_,RIE5 ....r V)SUAL CHPNGE --MAJOR T4CAD DESIGN Al2E1! ••••.. WAtC-PWA( _ TYPOCIPA Vy Y ISUILDING AF4FA6 't� LAND UEV- CAip Gk_= .906 ' City of CAvwtkm:canlpdwwm pion 1979 Dr - Major streets are the channels along which visual elements are arranged. To distinguish Cupertino from the outlying fringe of ad- joining cities such as Sunnyvale or San Jose, a key aspect of com- munity character is to avoid copying the apparent developed form of those cities adjoining major streets; that is, an unbroken continu- ity of commercial or office activities emphasizing intense daytime activity and spatial priority of the automobile. Urban Scenic Corridors ' In an attempt to mitigate the visual disruption of the City's two major boulevards on the overall image of the community, the City Council has imposed a requirement for an extensive landscape set- back adjacent to De Anza Boulevard from Stevens Creek Boulevard to ' Route 280, and on Stevens Creek Boulevard east to the City limits. The intent of the design concept is to lead the observer to or from the pedestrian scale shopping environment of Town Center ' through an intensively planted parkway which can be enjoyed at vehicle scale speeds. ' Policy 2-37: Properties fronting on North De Anza Boulevard and Stevens Creek Boulevard located east of Town Center shall provide a landscaped front setback of 50 ft. from face of curb which shall exclude park- ing areas. ' Strategy 1. Reductions in the 50 ft. width may be considered according to the size of project frontage, scale and type of proposed developed. 2. Plant materials should be selected and arranged for perception at vehicular speeds.. �� �7o ' J 3'A0ND°_,RIE5 ....r V)SUAL CHPNGE --MAJOR T4CAD DESIGN Al2E1! ••••.. WAtC-PWA( _ TYPOCIPA Vy Y ISUILDING AF4FA6 't� LAND UEV- CAip Gk_= .906 ' City of CAvwtkm:canlpdwwm pion 1979 Dr - Major streets are the channels along which visual elements are arranged. To distinguish Cupertino from the outlying fringe of ad- joining cities such as Sunnyvale or San Jose, a key aspect of com- munity character is to avoid copying the apparent developed form of those cities adjoining major streets; that is, an unbroken continu- ity of commercial or office activities emphasizing intense daytime activity and spatial priority of the automobile. Urban Scenic Corridors ' In an attempt to mitigate the visual disruption of the City's two major boulevards on the overall image of the community, the City Council has imposed a requirement for an extensive landscape set- back adjacent to De Anza Boulevard from Stevens Creek Boulevard to ' Route 280, and on Stevens Creek Boulevard east to the City limits. The intent of the design concept is to lead the observer to or from the pedestrian scale shopping environment of Town Center ' through an intensively planted parkway which can be enjoyed at vehicle scale speeds. ' Policy 2-37: Properties fronting on North De Anza Boulevard and Stevens Creek Boulevard located east of Town Center shall provide a landscaped front setback of 50 ft. from face of curb which shall exclude park- ing areas. ' Strategy 1. Reductions in the 50 ft. width may be considered according to the size of project frontage, scale and type of proposed developed. 2. Plant materials should be selected and arranged for perception at vehicular speeds.. I LAND USE /COMMUNITY CHARACTER 3. The parkway setback should not extend into the crossroads intersection commercial district nor into future commercial ' facilities at the Town Center area. Sign Control Modern merchandising strategy seems to demand that the message ' must be directed at the highly mobile consumer both with frequent visual cues and from as great a distance as possible. Decision - makers in the Cupertino community, however, have consistently re- jected this strategy for the sake of retaining visual quality in the City's urban streetscape. Consistent with the intent of de- emphasizing strip commercial development, therefore, the City has defined the role of street visible graphics as that which is . appropriate in message content and size to identify a business site, rather than to advertise products and services from afar. Further, effective sign control enhances linkage of the Vallco- North De Anza-Town Center nodes along the City's major streets by minimzing intervening graphic disruption. Rural Scenic Highways Most of the significant rural corridors in the Cupertino Sphere of Influence are actually outside the Urban Service Area and are, therefore, under County Scenic Highway Preservation Policy which ' has been adopted by reference by the Cupertino City Council. These routes include Montebello and Stevens Canyon Roads in the western foothills, and the upper segment of Regnart Road at the t southerly edge of the City. Significant road frontage setback distances and reduced right of way and carrying capacity are strategic actions which can protect the scenic integrity of rural travelways while still permitting adequate public access to their unique beauties. ' USE KMNWY C� Another indicator of current society wide mobility and the demand for instantaneous gratification of personal desires is the carry- out (fast-food) franchise restaurant phenomenon. Cupertino has attracted at least one representative of every major or emerging chain eating establishment, and this trend has alerted the City ' Council to the potential negative effects on the community's char- acter which may result from an intense concentration of these uses. In 1975, for example, the City Council went on record discouraging drive -up window service for any commercial facility in town, citing harmful effects of air pollution concentration from drive -ups on community health, and the unnecessary prioritization of space demanded by customers not otherwise willing to abandon their vehicles momentarily. The City's traffic intensity performance standard additionally controls fast food and other oriented convenience retail uses which potentially generate high traffic volumes at the peak traffic hour. 2-32 Sign Ord. (11746) "Carbon Monoxide and Sulfer Oxide Levels Attributable to Use of Drive -up Window Facilities", preparec by Professor Donald Myronuk, Ph.D. - February 5, 1976 I i 1 LAND USE/COMMUNITY CHARACTER ,_,z The Land Use Map and General Policies The Land Use Map located in the back of the General Plan document illustrates the General Plan policies described within this element and other elements which play a major role in guiding urban development. Since the map functions to illustrate the General Plan text, the General Plan user must utilize the Plan map in conjunction with the written text. The Plan map is not designed for use without the accompanying text. As implied by its name, the General Plan Map illustrates the general form of the community in terms of the spatial allocation and intensity of land use activities. The General Plan Map should not be confused with the municipal zoning map which divides the community into very precisely drawn land use dis- tricts. Zoning districts contain precisely written standards governing permitted activities and the form of development. A series of policy statements are provided within the planning text to help guide the public and public officials in the establishment of precise zoning boundaries to pin -point permitted activities. State planning law requires that the zoning map and zoning regulations be consistent with the General Plan map and text. Therefore, zoning map and regulations must be brought into con- formity with the General Plan within a reasonable period of time upon its adoption. LAND USE CATEGORIES ' A number of patterns and symbols are utilized on the General Plan map to identify land use categories, the road system, major land ' features and significant public and private facilities. The map legend defines the meaning of patterns and symbols. A more complete definition of each land use category follows: 1 Residential - A designation defining areas within the community suitable for residential dwellings. The residential category is ' divided into five sub -categories based upon dwelling unit den- sity expressed as the number of dwellings permitted per gross acre. The General Plan does not define the dwelling unit ' tenancy type (i.e. ownership versus rental) nor the pattern of development (detached or attached dwellings). Very Low - Dwelling unit intensity is based upon the application ' of one of three slope -density formulas. (Refer to Appendix A) a. Foothill Modified b. Foothill Modified 1/2 Acre c. Semi -Rural 5 Acre The land use classification is intended to protect the environ- mentally sensitive hillsides from extensive development and prot human life and property from natural hazards related to fire, flood and unstable terrain. ppendix A illside Slope Densit Formula I 1 LAND, USE /COMMUNITY CHARACTER 2-34 Low - 1-5 dwellings per gross acre. This category is intended to promote a low intensity, suburban, single-family detached, lifestyle. Planned residential communities can be developed in this density category if the development form is compatible with adjoining residential development. Medium Low - 5-10 dwelling units per gross acre. A category which accommodates a more intensive form of residential devel- opment but which is compatible with the predominant single- family detached residential neighborhood. Residential develop- ment built within the 5-10 dwelling unit density category can be successfully incorporated into a single-family residential environment. Medium High - 10-20 dwelling units per gross acre. A category which provides greater opportunities for multi -family residen- tial developments in a planned environment. Generally,. the 10-20 dwelling•unit per_grass acre'dendity range results. in traffic volumes and development forms that are not compatible with single-family residential neighborhoods..Develop- ments at this density.should be located on the edges of said: single-family residential communities where utility services.and street networks are adequate to serve increased intensities. High - 20-35 dwelling units per gross acre. A category which promotes a wide range of housing choice in the form of multi- family dwellings. The relatively high intensity of the develop- ment requires that the category be applied only in those loca- tions that are adequately served by utility services and major arterial streets and/or transit facilities. The development form may result in 3-4 level structures with underground parking. The land use category would provide maximum opportunity for housing choice particularly for residents desiring a more urban environment. Commercial - A designation directed to retail sales, businesses ' and service establishments that have direct contact with customers. This designation would apply to the full range of commercial activities from neighborhood convenience operations ' to regionally oriented specialty goods:.retailing. Certain retail- ing activities that may result in a nuisance factor for adjoining residential dwellings or may have a negative impact on the ' community identity would be regulated by the commercial zoning ordinance and use permit procedure. Professional office activities would be included within the commercial designation. ' Industrial - A designation applied to manufacturing and assembly and research and development activities. Administrative office facilities which are in support of manufacturing and wholesaling activities are included within the classification. Commercial/Residential - A designation applied to land areas located on major boulevards suitable for either residential or commercial activities or in combination. Commercial/Industrial - A designation applied to land areas suit- ' LAND -USE /COMMUNITY CHARACTER 2-35 able.for either commercial or industrial activities or in com- bination. Quasi-Public/Institutional - A designation applied to privately owned property which involves activities such as a private utility, a profit or non-profit facility that provides continuous care for people, an educational facility, or a religious facility. Private Recreation - A designation applied to land used for out- door oriented, privately provided recreation activities. Parks - Publicly -owned land utilized for active or passive recreational purposes. Public Facilities - A designation for land which is utilized or planned to be utilized by a governmental entity for a public pur- pose. GENERAL POLICIES The loose format of the General Plan Map requires the enactment of general land use policies to guide City officials and other in- dividuals in formulating private and public land use decisions. Policy 2-38: In general, lines of. -demarcation between -land use classifications should be based upon lot lines of es- tablished land use activities, public streets, and man- made or natural physical barriers or a combination there- of. The precise demarcation between land uses shall be reflected on the community's zoning map. Policv 2-39: The residential density ranges designated on the General Plan map and accompanying. legend denote the desired development intensity for a given area. The actual gross dwelling unit density may deviate slightly if the particular properties reflect the general development character of the neighboring properties. Policy 2-40: owners of contiguous, substandard.legal lots of record which do not conform to the density provisions of the General Plan, shall have the ability to consolidate or reconfigure said lots only when it results in a more logical development pattern, and is generally consistent with the character of the surrounding neighborhood. A consolidation or reconfiguration shall not result in more lots or potential dwelling units than the number of legal lots of record existing at the time of the request. Policy 2-41: Quast-Public activities and public facilities LAND-USE/COMMUNITY CHARACTER may be located within any land use designation des- cribed on the General Plan contingent upon appropriate zoning review to ensure compatibility of the proposed ' activity with the surrounding neighborhood and avail- able capacity of the local streets and the utility services. Residential land uses may be permitted in areas designated for quasi -public uses with appropriate zoning changes. ' Policy 2-42: All public school sites shall be designated for public use with the underlying provision that school sites that are closed for general educational purposes may be utilized for quasi-public/institutional activities and residential activities. The dwelling unit intensity and development pattern shall reflect the residential character of the immediate surrounding residential neighborhoods. The future of unused school sites shall also reflect the park acquisition program contained with the Havironmental Resources Element of the ' General Plan. ' b. Where a lot was under one ownership on June 22, 1976, (adoption of the Hillside Plan))and the ' owner of such lot has not owned or purchased any contiguous land since the approval of this document which would allow him to meet the requirements of sub -paragraph (a). Refer to Figure 2-D for application of Policy 2743 to Inspiration Heights. PLANNING AREA POLICIES A number of areas within the community have special significance which requires the adoption of special policies to guide urban 2-36 Policy 2-43: As a.general rule, lots of record located on land ' designated for _very low density "residential which were legally created by the County or City subdivision approval process prior to June 22, 1976, maybe utilized as a single-family building site, even though the application of slope -density formulas would prohibit development. The above statement does not apply to substantially ' vacant, non -improved, small lot subdivisions that were recorded years ago without adequate field investigations and improvements plans. With respect to such sub- divisions, lots of record can be utilized as a single- family building site, even though the application of slope -density formulas would prohibit development, under any one of the following circumstances. ' a. Where the owner of a lot either owns, or there- after acquires contiguous land which can be and is combined with such lot, by the filing of a new map,to create a new lot or lots which conforms to the slope -density formulas. ' b. Where a lot was under one ownership on June 22, 1976, (adoption of the Hillside Plan))and the ' owner of such lot has not owned or purchased any contiguous land since the approval of this document which would allow him to meet the requirements of sub -paragraph (a). Refer to Figure 2-D for application of Policy 2743 to Inspiration Heights. PLANNING AREA POLICIES A number of areas within the community have special significance which requires the adoption of special policies to guide urban 2-36 LAND USE/COMKJJNITY CHARACTER 2-37 p�'L �� oP� IIS 3 �I II cid COcl aa�.j'i0 Dello A. ° - aII o;ll° oco110 . 11 • d �o�II LjQ3 v0 cPo Oa cm Y �%� i -r %' $.�.d��2^ �_�•�,,+r��","A�"tom 4 `�' ~,��'U� � '� �0��. -- ••• 1 t 4 t +o L Rt �•� W9-s�y�A•� '� 44 F1C>cJT� 2—a HYi.QTNFrIG4L oi5VE-LDpMENT F�AN ;c02 /N5�12�}�pN It ��NTS _ HYMTPEMIAL f7wrllJNIGS GON51?AINE lP AMt �.� �nvcary nuiu�.l-��p tr�v in�r�npv � I LAND USE/COMMUNITY CHARACTER development. The policies listed below supplement the broader land use policies contained within the Land Use/Community Character Element and other, more specific, elements of the ' General Plan. Area 1 - Merriman and Santa Lucia Roads ' The land area bounded by Santa Lucia Road, Alcalde Road and Foot- hill Boulevard was subdivided in 1917.. The area is comprised of duplex and single-family dwellings that have been constructed ' since the recordation of the map. In order to recognize existing viable duplex development, existing legally constructed duplexes may remain within the section of the planning area master planned ' for a residential 0-5 density range. Said duplex parcels shall be rezoned to a duplex zoning district. ' Area 2 - Monts Vista The Monta Vista planning area is generally bordered by Route 85 Freeway on the east and by Blackberry Farm Golf Course on the west. ' It has been given special consideration because of the unique char- acter of the area created by the Stevens Creek Flood Plain and the older character of the Monta Vista commercial area. The planning ' area is particularly sensitive to existing and future traffic demands. The land uses and policies regarding the development pattern are contained within the jointly adopted City of Cupertino and County of Santa Clara Monts Vista Specific Plan. The Plan is hereby adopted by reference. ' Area 3 - North De Anza Boulevard The North De Anza Boulevard planning area is comprised of a planned development mixed land use on both sides of De Anza Boulevard northerly of Alves Drive and southerly of 280 Freeway. The General Plan Land Use Nap describes the permitted land uses within the special planning area. The permitted dwelling unit ' density for the residential mix areas is bracketed on specific properties or groups of properties. The commercial -land use option for the planning area located easterly of De Anza Boule- vard is limited to 25% of total land area (.25 x 70 total acres equals 17.5 potential commercial acres). ' The land use intensity within the planning area is controlled by the 16 one-way Traffic Intensity Performance Standard explained in greater detail in the Transportation Element of the Plan. The Plan also encompasses a policy statement which eliminates or severely restricts the degree of accessibility to De Anza Boule- vard from private properties that front the street. Access to smaller properties which front on the west side of De Anza Boule- vard between Lazaneo Drive and Mariani Drive will be provided through a mutually developed private circulation system which will interconnect each property. The properties fronting on North De Anza Boulevard will also be required to provide a 50 ft. land- scape setback area measured from the curb which can vary.in 2-38 Appendix B Stevens Creek Blvd. Plan Line - Action Plan, February 1978 North De Anza Blvd. Conceptual Plan February 1976 (Revision) MMUNITY CH depth. A more precise definition of design policies and pro- cedural policies are contained within the Planned Development zoning district for the North De Anza Boulevard planning area. Area 4 - Town Center The Town Center Planning area contains approximately 100 acres located within the southeast quadrant of the intersection of Stevens Creek Boulevard and South De Anza Boulevard. The northern half of the area is dominated by the Cali Mill, some limited commercial activities, and by agricultural uses (apricot orchard and drying sheds) which surround the Cali plant site. The southern half of the site is occupied by the Civic Center (City Hall and Library) and general and medical office uses. Rodrigues Avenue generally serves as a boundary line between the undeveloped northern properties and the developed southern properties. The close proximity of approximately 50 vacant and semi -developed acres to the historical crossroads of the community affords the property owners and the Community and opportunity to create a development complex which fulfills a number of community objectives. The accompanying master plan for the 50 acre Town Center property (Figure 2G) will help implement the objectives outlined below: Community Identity ' Town Center will contain a diverse mix of office, office serving commercial, entertainment and restaurant activities. The diverse land use mix, coupled with generous plazas and a varied building form, will provide identity for the City's historical commercial district. If determined feasible by future traffic studies, the existing Cali Mill could be replaced by multi -storied buildings ' with a variety of shapes. The buildings would maintain a landmark structure in the corner which will visually strengthen the role of the Town Center as the symbolic and functional City Center. Provide Housing Opportunities The large size of the property coupled with its proximity to major ' arterials and its separation from large single-family residential districts, provides an opportunity to construct housing at greater densities. The increased density will provide greater housing opportunity for employees who are attracted to the City's expanding ' industrial firms. Open Space A master development plan for the 50 acres will result in an assemblage of open space to provide functional green space and hard plazas which would meet the needs of employees and shoppers and the community in general. J 2-39 II 1 LAND USE/COMMUNITY CHARACTER 2-40 The Land Use Plan Development Intensity - Traffic and Sewer Constraints The Land Use Intensity for Town Center is constrained pending completion of a study to analyze the capacity of existing sewer lines and traffic capacity of City streets. During the interim, the intensity of the development permitted in Town Center will be guided by the principle that Town Center property owners will be allowed development intensity no greater than that allowed other individuals owning property served by Stevens Creek Boulevard and North De Anza Boulevard. Although land use intensity is restrict land use and design policies embodied in the accompanying diagram describe how development intensity increases can be accommodated pending a solution to traffic and sewer problems. Land Use Type and Intensity by Property Ownership ' Figure 2-E identifies land use type and intensity by property ownership. The building intensities for each property owner de- picted in Figure 2-E reflects an allocation system for permitted development intensity on the entire fifty acre site. Property owners may agree to reallocate development intensity and land use type commensurate with the design guidelines established on Figure 2-G. FIGURE 2-E ' Town Center Development Intensity By Major Ownership 1 E C1 SITE A ZG.II DGQE 339,oco� oFn� 158. �VILLUNG UN�tS ♦ ♦ • • • 1 # • SITE C 4t,Do0¢ OFFICE � 42 OW tiU.1NL •uNiiS • SITE B 14.11 4L99-16 42,q�7FF'Lr'. NOTE: Related commercial or additional residential is permitted in lieu of office provided vehicle trips do not exceed 16 per acre, Note: See trip accounting on Page 2-44 Figure 2-G I 1 1 1 P r P 1 E LAND USE/COMMUNITY CHARACTER 2-41 Conditional Phase of Development Activity - Cali Property Figure 2-F identifies the area that could receive a greater inten- sity of development should the General Plan be modified to accom- modate higher levels of development in the Town Center and other areas within the community. The identification of a sub area that can accommodate additional growth potential is important because it will ensure that design controls embodied in the current plan can accommodate a transition to a more intense land form should the community make that decision at a later date. FIGURE 2-F Urban Design Policies CONDITIONAL PHASE INTENSITY MAY BE INCREASEI SUBJECT TO A FUTURE GENERAL PLAN AMENDMENT. INITIAL PHASE AT LOWER INTEN- SITY Figure 2-G is an urban design policy plan which identifies the general location of building areas, vehiciilar access points, and public open space. The design policy plan is applicable to build- ing intensities identified on Figure 2-E and higher building intensities should a future General Plan Amendment allow greater intensity. As a practical matter, the likelihood for the develop- ment of public amenities such as the public plaza and open space is greatly enhanced as development intensity increases. Other community benefits such as placement of vehicular parking in 1 LAND USE/COMMUNITY CHARACTER 2-43 partially depressed structures and the construction of facilities to more directly integrate mass transit into the development are also dependent upon higher building intensities than those depicted on Figure 2-E. ' pen Space The open space network proposed by the development ranges from the ' installation of a plaza for passive activities near the Crossroads intersection to the construction of passive and active spaces near the center of the planning area. The central open space area is 1 intended for passive activity related to sunning, people watching, informal eating in conjuction with the adjoining restaurants,and on occasion, community activities such as art exhibits sponsored by a community group or tenants within the complex. Active open space ' facilities will be designed to accommodate informal group play acti- vities for members of the community as a whole and residents living within the Town Center planning area. The Town Center residents living east of Torre Avenue will be able to gain access to the open space area through clearly defined ped- estrian corridors. The residential complexes would be self-con- tained in terms of providing active recreation activities. Accord- ingly,.the residential developers would be given 50% credit for oper space requirements. In lieu fees for the remaining 50% requirement .� will be collected and used for eventual purchase of park space as provided by the parks element of the General Plan. ' Transportation Planning The building intensities permitted on Figure 2-E do not require a major widening and improvement program for the intersection of De ' Anza Boulevard and Stevens Creek Boulevard. The improvements, woulc however, require widening improvements of De Anza Boulevard to con- form with the existing street configuration on the portion of the ' roadway located north of Stevens Creek Boulevard. The expansion of Torre Avenue from Rodrigues Avenue to Stevens Creek Boulevard will be installed in conjunction with the development of properties ' located east of Torre Avenue. The exact sequencing of street improvements will be determined in conjunction with development applications. A traffic signal at the ' intersection of Torre Avenue and Stevens Creek Boulevard will be in- stalled. The intersection design would provide for traffic control; to prohibit the movement of traffic from Vista Drive across Stevens ' Creek Boulevard to Lazaneo Drive. The Stevens Creek and De Anza Boulevard frontage will.be designed tc accommodate bus turn -outs, and a pedestrian circulation scheme will be developed to facilitate the movement of transit patrons. The design plan depicted by Figure 2-G denotes major access points into the property from De Anza Boulevard, Stevens Creek Boulevard.and the minor internal streets. I Ii IM EXi-+iciT A: General PLan Annendnen_ 2— FA—EI4 Revised Fiqure 2=G or !979 General Plan FIGURE 2—G TOWN CENTER TRIP ACCOUNTING 9Y MAJOR, OWNERSHIP SITE A CALI FAMILY 418 TRIPS TR I P_C.RED I T 26.11 ACRES X 16/ACRE = 418 TRIP GENERATION USE SQ_ FT_ FACTOR TRIPS OFFICE 3.39,000 1/1000 RESIDENTIAL 158 DU .5/DU 79 TOTAL 318 SITE 9 MAY INVESTMENT (TOWN CENTER PROPERTIES) 226 TRIPS TRIP CREDIT 14.11 ACRES X 16/ACRE - 226 (plus 3 additional tripe approved by City Council Resolution No. 6136 = 229) i :? ociicPAiiOt1 ALTERNATIVE I UH c4. FT._ FACTOR TRIPS OFFICE 45,Ouo i!!000 _ s EE3H-cMTIAL X66 .5(OU = tB3 ELDERLI 0 !0 .!a 0 TOTAL ALTERNATIVE 2 USESa.Fi. FACTORS TRIPS OFFICE 90,000 (Max.) 1/1000 90 RESIDENTIAL 216 (Max.) .5/OU = ISa ELDERLY 220AMin J .ISiDU 40. TOTAL = 2A Note l: Any portion of the additional 45,000 =.q. it. of office space in Alternative 2 can be built only if :,jilt concurrently with or subsequent to a rinigue of 210 elderly units. Note 1: The !and use mix for Site B will be precisely defined in con unction with a use perit apolicuion. The tot.l project nix will coeply with the trip constraints as set forth iboye. The residential conon.ent inc!cainp.tne elderly housing shall be subject to the Below Market Rate Housing Program. SITE C LINCOLN PROPERTIES 112 TRIPS TR_IP__C_R_E_DIT_ 7.0 ACRES X 16/ACRE - 112 TRIP GENERATION USE SQ. F7. OFFICE 91,000 RESIDENTIAL 42 DU TOTAL TOTAL 47.26 ACRES X 16 FACTOR TRIPS 1/1000 = 91 .5/DU ' 112 756 TRIPS LAND USE/COMMUNITY CHARACTER 2-44 The planning policy plan will permit property owners to develop independently. The review process for individual developments will address reciprocal access and parking agreements and street and signalization improvement obligations of individual developers based upon an equitable benefit formula. FIGURE 2-G TOWN CENTER TRIP ACCOUNTING BY MAJOR OWNERSHIP SITE A CALI FAMILY 418 TRIPS -TRIP CREDIT 26.11 ACRES X 16/ACRE - 418 TRIP GENERATION USE .SQ..FT. FACTOR TRIPS OFFICE 339,000 1/1000 - 339 RESIDENTIAL 158 D.U. .5/D.U. - 79 TOTAL - 418 INITIAL PHASE SITE B MAY INVESTMENT (TOWN CENTER PROPERTIES) 226 TRIPS TRIP CREDIT 14.11 ACRES X 16/ACRE - 226 TRIP GENERATION USE SQ. FT. FACTOR TRIPS OFFICE 42,000 1/1000 - 42 RESIDENTIAL 366 D.U. .5/D.U. - 183 TOTAL - 225 SITE C LINCOLN PROPERTIES 112 TRIPS TRIP CREDIT 7.0 ACRES X 16/ACRE - 112 TRIP GENERATION USE SQ. FT. FACTOR TRIPS OFFICE 91,000 1/1000 - 91 RESIDENTIAL 42 D.U. .5/D.U. - 21 TOTAL 112 TOTAL 47.26 ACRES X 16 756 I 16 1 I E d 1 1 1 LAND USE/COMMUNITY CHARACTER 2-45 Area 5 - Vallco Park The Vallco Park planning area is bordered by Stevens Creek Boule- vard on the south, Homestead Road on the north, the City limit line on the east and by the easterly edge of residential lots and Portal Plaza Shopping Center on the west. The park functions as a mixed use, highly urbanized regional com- mercial and employment center. The Park is located at two major gateways to the City - Wolfe Road and Stevens Creek Boulevard. To emphasize its role as a major node, building heights in Vallco may exceed normal height limits imposed throughout the community. A multi -story hotel is planned for the northeast quadrant of Wolfe Road/Route 280 Freeway interchange. The hotel site is des- ignated on the General Plan Land Use Map. Consistent with the policies in the Housing Element, the City may allow high density residential development at the discretion of the property owners. The intensity of development in Vallco Park is presently limited by the "Construction Phasing Memo for Vallco Park", dated July 15, 1974 as modified by the General Plan Amendment approved on September 16, 1974. The memorandum links the development of Vallco Park to the staging of roadway improvements and the capacity of the surrounding street system. The September 16, 1974 amendment resulted in a temporary reduction of the allowable square footage for the Regional Shopping Center from 1,028,000 to 1,020,000 sq, ft. The larger square footage figure can be reinstated when predicted traffic congestion levels are reduced by transportation improvements or a reduction in land use intensity for another site within the Park. Circulation Section page 4-18 Construction Phasing Memo for Vallco Parr July 15, 1974 I 16 LAND USE /COMMUNITY CHARACTER ' Area 6 - South Saratoga -Sunnyvale Road The south.Saratoga-Sunnyvale Road planning area is bounded on the ' south by Prospect Road, on the north by Rainbow Drive, on the east by Saratoga -Sunnyvale Road, and on the west by an existing single-family residential tract. The area consists of a fragmen- tation of developed and undeveloped parcels, consisting of an ' existing shopping center, freestanding office and commercial facilities, and residential rental units. Also, the area contains several large parcels which are only marginally improved with single-family homes and subject to possible redevelopment. Devel- opment of this area is of special concern due to the fragmented ownership and incremental development pattern which has occurred ' thus far. The land use in the area is designated for commercial and residen- tial uses. The commercial land uses shall be restricted to the present commercial developments while the remaining undeveloped properties shall be designated for residential land uses at a density of 5 to 10 dwelling units per gross acre. If a signifi- cant portion of the area is either jointly planned and/or devel- oped, the area may be developed at a residential intensity of up to 20 dwelling units per gross acre, or with commercial land uses or a combination thereof. Also, as the subject area represents a major gateway into the City, the City will require significant landscape setback area consistent with the other major entrances to the community. ' Area 7 - Catholic Church Property The 735± acre "Catholic Church" property is designated for resi- dential purposes, with the land use intensity to be based upon ' the � acre Foothill modified slope density formula described on the adopted land use map. ' Since the extent of surplus land (land available for development) is not known, the development area on the land use map is general. In no case shall the total number of dwellings constructed on the property exceed 400. As stated in policies 5-23 and 5-24, and on figure 5-F, the use of all or part of the "Catholic Church" property as an open ' space preserve or an urban park is encouraged. 1 2-46 I 1 1 �l 1 1 1 Ej 1 1 1 1 I 1 1 0 RESOLUTION NO. 6761 1• •iX • ii - • � • -- 1 •• • 1 • - a•• � • • r• • r is r' is • i • r a a is WHEREAS, the City Council has reviewed the re=nendation of the Planning Commission and had held public hearings involving written reports and testimony from Planning staff, directly affected property owners, and citizens in general, and WHEREAS, the City Council has concluded its deliberations relative to the Housing Element of the General Plan. I.N.^I�Yaa i9ai7 7a1� 1. • iar 1. That the City Council hereby adopts the amended Housing Element and Background Report as attached hereto and made a part hereof. 2. The City Council hereby authorizes the Mayor to endorse said • adoption. PASSED AND ADOPTED at a regular meeting of the City Council of the City of Cupertino this 4th day of February, 1986 by the following vote: Vote Members of the City Council AYES: Gatto, Johnson, Plungy, Sparks, Rogers NOES: None ABSENT: None ABSTAIN: None /s/ Barbara A. Ratters Mayor, City of Cupertino ATTEST: • /s/ Dorothy Cornelius City Clerk • 1] �J 1 -GPA -85 RESOLUTION NO. 2762 RESOWTTCN OF i PLANMn C31CMION OF iia - CITY OF •[T•E-a • APPFOM4G AN MEMIMn TO T!M HOUSING aaia WHEREAS, the Planning Commission has held public hearings involving written reports and testimony from Planning staff, directly affected Property owners, and citizens in general, and WHEREAS, the Plarnixng Omm,ission has concluded its deliberation relative to the Housing Element of the General Plan. • � is-ia •', '�a• a• 1. That the Planning Commission approves the amended Housing Element and Background Report as attached hereto and made a part hereof. 2. The Planning Commission hereby authorizes the Chairperson of the Planning Commission to -endorse said adoption. PASSED AND ADOPTED this 27th day of January, 1986, at a regular meeting of the Planning Commission of the City of Cupertino, State of California, by the following roll call vote: AYES: Cbm inion erS Adams, and Chairman Szabo NAYS: None ABSTAIN: None ABSENT: None /s/ Robert S. Cowan Robert S. Cowan Planning Director Claudy, MacKenzie, Sorensen, /s/ Nicholas Szabo Nicholas Szabo, Chairman Planning Commission 0 • F L E is ,. .. GRACE K. YAMAKAWq churny ci.r. Barna Clan county Cr u NOTICE OF Application 1 -GPA -85 City of Cupertino At their meeting of February 4, 1986, the City Council of the City of Cupertino held a public hearing to consider amendments to the General Plan. The amendment affects property Citywide. The project is described as follows: 1. Amend the Housing Element to update demographic data, reassess housing need arra amend various housing policies and programs, including the Below market Rate (ENR) program. 2. Arend the Iand Use Element to allow a portion of the Vallco Park hotel room allocation to shift north of interstate Route 280 in the Vallco Park Planning Area. 3. Amend the Land Use Element to designate as a "residential" use area those lots situated at the easterly terminus of Blossom Lane backing up to South De Anza Boulevard. The decision of the city Council as to approve said project. The Planning Comraission, by filing a Negative Declaration on this project on February 18, 1986 has determined that the project will not have a significant impact upon the environment and therefore, no Environmental Irpact Report has been prepared. The Negative Declaration has been prepared pursuant to the provision of State and City guidelines. A copy of said Negative Declaration is available in the office of the City Clerk, 10300 Torre Avenue, Cupertino, California. :........ Ci (iev&j Clerk By -0eputy - Dorothy Co G City Clerk City of Cupertino AIA Y t CITY CLERK c Ll • E Introduction Purpose The Housing Element of the General Plan provides a statement of Cupertino's housing goals and policies. It sets forth a framework to guide deci- sionmaking on housing issues and establishes an action program to allow the City to address and resolve its housing problems and needs. The housing objectives described in the 1983 Housing Element remain essentially the same, but they have been augmented by an expanded program effort which responds to current and projected housing needs. The contents of this Housing Element also reflect changes in state legislation. Section 65583 of the California Government Code requires that housing elements contain an identification and analysis of existing and projected needs including: the locality's share of the region's housing need; household characteristics including level of payment compared to ability to pay; an inven- tory of land suitable for residential development; an analysis of governmental and non-governmental constraints upon the maintenance, improvement and development of housing for all income levels; an analysis of any special needs; and an analysis of energy conservation opportunities. Also, the law requires that the housing element's quantified objectives and scheduled programs are to establish the maximum number of housing units that can be constructed, reha- bilitated and conserved over the time frame of the element. Updated every five years or to incorporate significant program changes, this document focuses efforts on the provision and preservation of housing for all economic segments and explores new alternatives. It is a viable planning tool for government decrsionmakers and for those in the private sector involved in the development, improvement and marketing of housing. Contents Cupertino's Housing Element is contained in two documents - the Cupertino General Plan and a Housing Element Background Report. The Housing Element, which is located within the City's General Plan, includes a summary of issues and a statement of goals and policies. The Housing Element Background Report, a separate document adopted as part of the Housing Element, provides: a population and housing profile; a current and projected housing needs analysis; a discussion of constraints to the development and conservation of housing; and a five year program to address identified need. Housing Element forthe City of Cupertino Housing Element Background Report Relationship to the other General Plan Elements Cupertino's General Plan is a comprehensive and generalized policy guide for urban development, composed of specific elements which discuss goals, policies, and programs. In addition to the Housing Element, the Cuper- tino General Plan contains the following other elements: LandUse/ Community Character, Circulation; Environmental Resources; and Public Health and Safety. These elements place some regulation on the design and location of residential development projects. For example, the Land Use and Circulation Elements define City form, densities, and the Housing location and movement of people, thereby delineating Element where housing is to be situated and what density is to be permitted. The Public _ _ Environmental Resources Ele Health and Environmental ment addresses the preservation Safety Resources of open areas which are Cupertino essential to maintaining the General quality of life within a commu Plan nity. Provision for open space is part of the development approval Land Use/ process both for residential and non - Community Circulation residential projects. The Public Health Character and Safety Element regulates residential development in seismic areas and emphasizes safety features in residential projects. Consequently, the various elements are interrelated. Public Participation The Housing Element was amended in 1983 in the context of a compre- hensive General Plan Amendment involving 17 public hearings and input from the entire community. The General Plan Amendment waspreceded by a two year, 25 member community Goals Committee effort which included a review of land use, transportation and housing policies. Newspaper coverage and publications from special interest groups such as the Santa Clara Valley Manu- facturers' Association and Midperunsula Citizens for Fair Housing also provi- ded information to the public. The 1985 update incorporates additional 1980 U.S. Census data, ABAG figures pertaining to housing need, and program changes. Participation occurred at public hearings and in the BMR Sub- committee meetings. Continued citizen participation, which is actively encouraged, will help insure the success of the housing programs. Effectiveness of the Previous Element The previous Housing Element's housing program did not meet its new construction goals for very low and low income housing as federal and state subsidies were unavailable. There were, however, 27 units for the handicapped constructed as planned. The City continues to have households assisted through the Section 8 existing program and Project Match. It is estimated that only about 10 percent of the very low and low income housing need was met from 1980- 85. There were 8 moderate income units available through the Below -Market 0 • • E 0 lJ Rate Program, which was below the projected 100 units. About 20 percent of the moderate income housing need was met through private development and the BMR Program. Private development met about 50 percent of the housing needs projected for above moderate income families during 1980-85. The Condominium Conversion Ordinance preserved existing rental units, while the City rehabilitated about 8 owner -occupied low income units per year through the use of CDBG funds, which met the 1980 Housing Element projections. Rehabilitation funds for rental units were unavailable and consequently, this goal was unmet. Due to the lack of available subsidies, Cupertino's housing goals and policies directed toward construction of low and moderate income units were generally unsuccessful. High interest rates in the early 1980's compounded the problem. The City's fast track processing, reduced fees, and land available for high density residential developments did not pose any additional constraints to the development of Below Market Rate units. Progress In Implementation Since 1983, Cupertino's housing program has been expanded to include mortgage revenue bond financing for rental construction as planned in the previ- ous Housing Element. There are approximately 280 rental units in the planning stage of which 56 could be for low income persons if mortgage revenue funds are used. A voluntary mediation program for landlords and tenants was estab- lished and CDBG funds have been set aside for low income senior housing. In addition, the City dropped its Below Market Rate Program for moder- ate income households. The main reason for this action was to spread the burden of this development among all developers in Cupertino, rather than just upon residential developers. The program, as it existed, impacted most severely on builders of high density residential units. There was also a desire to focus housing efforts more toward low income rather than moderate income house- holds. Consequently, in place of the Below Market Rate Program, the City is considering ch dustrial darging a construction tax on all residential, commercial, and inevelopment and using general funds to provide housing for both low and very low income households. The City will contract with a non-profit developer or develop other mechanisms to operate this housing. The existing Below Market Rate units will be maintained. The lower interest razes should also facilitate new affordable construction. Appropriateness of Goals and Policies The existing goals and policies, except for the deletion of the Below Market Rate Program, remain generally the same. The housing program, however, reflects the City taking a more activist approach in the development of low income housing through the use of its general fund. Moreover, the availa- bility of mortgage revenue bond financing should facilitate below market rate development. Also included are housing programs which require the use of fed- eral subsidies, although it is unlikely these funds will be available. However, if they become available, the City is willing to use the funds for new construction. The Program Description section of the Housing Element Background Report provides additional specific data on the City's programs and objectives. 0 • • CUPERTINO OVERVIEW Situated in the northwest section of Santa Clara County, Cupertino was incorporated in 1955 with less than 2,500 residents. From the 1950s until the mid 1970s, Cupertino experienced accelerated growth which was the result of the county's evolution from an agricultural center to a light industrial capital. The net result of this transition was that northern Santa Clara County became the mecca for semiconductor electronic research, development and production. This area, which includes Cupertino, is referred to, on a nationwide basis, as Silicon Valley. This development is significant in that it has affected the current and future land use and circulation patterns in Santa Clara County. The results of Cupertino's population growth and annexations are evident when reviewing the 1980 U.S. Census data. The 1980 population of 34,015 increased the 1970 population of 19,500 by almost 100%, one of the largest increases experienced by Santa Clara County cities. 1985 population is estimated to be 37,958. Holding capacity, including population from annexa- tions, is estimated to be 49,000. Between 1970 and 1980, the number of hou- sing units in the City more than doubled from 5,598 to 12,554. There are an estimated 13,980 housing units in 1985. The number of households in 1980 was 12,284. I I City o/ Cupertino's 45 43,922 ,. Population Growth 40 37,958 History and Projections 35 34,015 30 Population 25 24,850 (Thousands) PO 19,500 15 11,150 10 5 3,664 M 0 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 Year 0 • • E "fi+ r x'14 . 1:1 5 Cupertino s 20 Urban Service Area 19,290 Dwelling Unit 18,051 Projections- rojections15,920 15,92016,088 17,177 19751990 15 13,980 CityDwelling s 3 Units 10 7953 f r f •. .., ,; f (Thousands) s �S �Y�$i•`25H aF t a'•i �.4 k(i pM•� C iia ! 3 5 if F 3✓k�'{"�3) Ti£z o, 1a a 'O4 k�3j ) [ .�3. st ..s. a fir, � s�) �`yxci3�2'��aSfa 'f �.lOaw• £f S 2 i> ', 1975 1980 1985 1990 Years The number of housing units is increasing and household size is constant or increasing slightly. Like other areas throughout California, Cuper- tino had a decline in average household size from 3.1 in 1970 to 2.7 in 1980. Recent surveys indicate this figure is expected to remain the same or increase slightly before 1990. This statewide trend is a response to changes in lifestyle, a deferment in child bearing, and a tendency for young people to establish their own households Consequently 1970, at a younger age. since the increase in household formations with fewer persons per household will impact housing preferences. The median age of Cupertino's population is rising. In 1970, median age was 26 years and by 1980, it increased to 32 years. This shift in the City's age distribution will also impact its housing needs. 8.50°/, Cupertino Aga Distributions 65+ 5.50% 5.20% 68.10% ., 20-64 63.50% M 559.30% Years 14.00% 10-19 19.00% 1990 21.50% ® 1980 9.40% 0-9 11.00% Q 1975 14.00% 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 Percentage 5 Median Selling Prices /or Single Family Homes In June 0 Other factors related to housing need include household income and housing cost. Compared to other Santa Clara County cities, Cupertino is a relatively affluent community. The 1980 U.S. Census reported median household income to be $30,312, while median family income was $33,249. A September 1985 survey by QED for the City of Cupertino indicated that the median annual income for Cupertino households which had one worker employed in Cupertino was $54,000. Although household incomes have been increasing, they have not kept pace with the escalating costs of housing. For example, from 1971 to 1979, the median price of a new home in Santa Clara County increased 244%, but the median household income increased only 69%. These figures are also esti- mated to be generally reflective of Cupertino's situation. Housing prices in the 1980's, however, have not increased as rapidly as the previous decade. A 1980 survey by Questor Associates indicated single family home resales averaged $137,681, while condominium and townhouse resales averaged $122,713. By August 1985, the San Jose Real Estate Board reported the median selling prices for single family homes in the Cupertino zone during June 1985 and July 1985 were $152,000 and $166,000. In contrast, median selling prices for June 1984 and June 1983 were $145,000 and $135,000. During 1985, median selling prices for condominiums were $125,000 (June) and $135,000 (July). $135,000 $145,000 $152,000 1983 1984 1985 Most of Cupertino's housing is single family. According to the 1980 U.S.Census, 38% of the City's occupied units were renter occupied and 62% were owner occupied. In 1981, 56% of all housing units were single family; 12% were cluster; 6% were duplex; 3% were triplex; 20% were R4 apartments; 3% were group quarters; and .01% were mobile homes. The Federal Home Loan Bank reported a 1.7% vacancy rate for March, 1985. The low vacancy rate indicates that choice is limited. Cupertino's housing stock is relatively new and in good condition. According to the 1983-86 Housing Assistance Plan (HAP), 383 housing units are suitable for rehabilitation: 232 of these units are renter occupied, while 151 are owner occupied. 0 0 Single Cluster Duplex Triplex Apartment Group Family Quarters Corporate limits, as of 1982, encompass 9.95 square miles. Within Santa Clara County, Cupertino plays an important role in the provision of jobs. It is a major employment center with a large number of employees commuting from other areas. In 1980, Cupertino had approximately 27,790 employees. By 1985, this figure had increased to 35,000, and is projected to reach 41,460 by 1990. Consequently, the jobs and housing ratio for the City is balanced in favor of jobs. Cupertino, which has provided employment, needs to produce more housing to balance this ratio and meet the housing needs of its employees, where possible. 0 Cupertino's Dwelling Unit Types - 1981 Expand Housing Stock 0 GOALS AND POLICIES: TO EXPAND THE SUPPLY OF HOUSING Goal A: Expand the supply of residential units for all economic segments to achieve greater opportunity for current and future Cupertino employees and residents to obtain housing. Housing stock can be expanded through two principal strategies: (1) in- crease the land available for housing and (2) increase the density levels at which new dwellings may be built. The 1978 Land Use Amendment to the General Plan increased the potential number of units in the community by 1,060 over the previous Plan. Cupertino's land use regulations allow for densities as high as 20-35 units per acre. High density development has averaged 22 dwelling units per acre. Through the use of these density allocations and planned development permits, residential developers are permitted more housing and flexibility in design. Also, the City's Second Unit Ordinance provides for some additional housing on existing lots and the use of mortgage revenue bonds allows for lower cost units. High Density Development Mooe' • Revenueue Bonds P.D. Permits Mixed Use Second: Unit,: Developments Ordinance Policy 3-1 Exceed density levels above those designated in the General Plan on projects which are found to satisfy a social goal of the community. The increase in density is contingent upon a finding that the project will not overburden public services, utilities, the road system, and will be in harmony with adjacent land uses. Policy 3-2 Encourage developers to follow innovative design concepts which integrate residential and non-residential uses within a single project. Policy 3-3 Permit commercial and industrial developers to add residential units without penalty in terms of floor area ratios established in the Land Use Element in order to provide mixed use developments. All development proposals will be subject to the standard reviews of the Planning Commission and City Council. 0 • 0 Policy 3-4 Review all vacant and uncommitted commercial and industrial lands every three years to determine if potential exists for rezoning to residential. The City will also ascertain if surplus school sites would be available for housing. Policy 3.5 Allow an accessory housing unit on certain lots in single family districts. Cupertino recognizes the need to provide housing for all economic segments of the community. Providing affordable housing for low and mod- erate income households requires the use of local powers combined with state and/or federal assistance. Such local powers used by Cupertino include residential site identification, priority processing, waiver of fees for below market rate units and utilizing a Below Market Rate (BMR) program or city funds to fiance affordable housing. The City participates in various state, county and federal programs that provide below market rate housing. Provide Affordable g% Housing State and/or a Local 1 _ Affordable Powers -s 1 Federal Housing Funds Priority Processing HCD Funds Site Identification CDBG Mortgage Revenue Bonds City Funds Cooperate with Non -Profit Developers Maintain Existing Below Market Rate Units Policy 3-6 Cooperate with the county, private developers and non-profit housing corporations to identify sites for very low, low and moderate income housing. Policy 3-7 Foster a conducive environment for attracting low and moderate priced housing programs financed by other levels of government. The use of mortgage revenue bond programs will be encouraged. All such developments will meet the City's design and service criteria. Policy 3-8 Participate in available county, state and federal programs that promote or provide housing. Policy 3-9 Continue to make Housing and Community Development (HCD) funds available to developers to help defray costs inherent in meeting or exceeding the requirements for supplying below market rate housing. Policy 3-f0 Make available HCD or general funds for site acquisition for low and very low priced housing. Parcels purchased with HCD or general funds can be made available to private developers or a non-profit housing corporation capable of constructing low and very -low priced housing. Policy 3-11 Use City funds to fund programs that help supply affordable rental housing to low and very low income households, particularly senior citizens and disabled individuals who are on a fixed income. The City will contract with a non-profit organization or use other mechanisms to supply this housing. Need will be identified through census and other data. Priority will be given to Cupertino residents. Policy 3-12 Give priority processing to applications that provide very low, low and moderate income housing to reduce development costs associated with time delays. Policy 3-13 Place the issue of affordable housing on the ballot to obtain Article 34 referendum authority should this be necessary to provide for affordable housing. Policy 3-14 Permit the construction of mobile homes and pre -fabricated houses on permanent foundations, subject to compliance with zoning regulations, building code, and other applicable City regulations. 10 *I • r� U E • i Rental apartments are the primary source of moderate cost shelter in the City of Cupertino. Apartments function as starter housing for young families and singles, temporary housing for students, and an alternate, less costly form of housing for the middle-aged and elderly who no longer desire or cannot afford home ownership. They also provide a relatively lower cost housing which is necessary to accommodate the skilled production and manufacturing employees who are vital to the local electronics industry. Many local companies have been leaving the Santa Clara Valley in search of areas where housing costs are within the reach of employees in these categories. Lack of attention to this need may have serious impacts on the local economy. Moreover, uncontrolled conversion of apartments to condominiums may severely compromise the goals of promoting and maintaining fully vaned range of housing within the community, and may diminish the representation of the above-mentioned groups in the Cupertino population. Cupertino's condo- minium conversion ordinance recognizes and addresses these issues. Preserve Existing Supply o/ Rental Housing Policy 3-15 Conversion of rental forms of multiple family housing to condomin- iums will not be permitted if the proposal significantly diminishes the present number of rental units within Cupertino or substantially reduces the ratio of ownership -to -rental units in effect at the time of the requested conversion. As a general guide, rental units shall not be converted to single family ownership housing when the rental vacancy rate within the Cupertino Housing Market Area is less than 5% at the time of application and has averaged 5% over the past six months. The vacancy rate will be determined by surveys conducted by the City of Cupertino's Planning Department. Policy 3-16 Prior to approving any condominium conversions, insure that a significant portion of the converted units remain part of the low and moderate income housing stock. Policy 3-17 Prior to approving any condominium conversions, insure that the project has been upgraded to eliminate any health and safety hazards and to meet current development standards. The City shall also reasonably demonstrate that comparable replacement rental housing exists within the Cupertino area to accommodate the displaced residents. 12 0 • ,I* 0 • rJ GOALS AND POLICIES: TO PRESERVE AND ENHANCE CUPERTINO'S NEIGHBORHOODS Goal B: Establish and enforce effective guidelines and regulations for the construction of safe, quality housing, and for the main- tenance and improvement of existing housing. Through its public works program, Cupertino maintains streets, side- walks, signs, water lines, utilities, and street trees. This maintenance protects the public's investment in those facilities and enhances the appearance of the neighborhoods. The City also has ordinances which prohibit the keeping of garbage and inoperative motor vehicles on private residential properties in order to safeguard the public health and protect neighborhoods from visual degrada- tion. Likewise, a weed abatement ordinance reduces fire risks and eliminates unsightly conditions. Policy 317 Continue the high quality of maintenance of public streets, rights of way and recreational areas. Continue the semi-annual trash pick-up program throughout the City and encourage its implementation in the unincorporated area within the Sphere of Influence. Policy 3.18 Continue the functions of the Energy Commission to promote energy conservation measures through its workshops and recommendations to the City Council. Maintain Existing Housing 13 Policy 3-19 Continue current code enforcement efforts within the corporate limits and encourage the Santa Clara County Board of Supervisors to increase code enforcement in county islands and land within the City's Sphere of Influence. Policy 3-20 Support local neighborhood improvement districts and homeowner associations. In upgrading residential property, a neighborhood approach should be used, allowing as much local participation as possible. The approach should be service oriented, offering services such as incentives for rehabilitation. Cupertino currently does not have any improvement districts. How- ever, the City has worked closely with several homeowner associations in the past to determine appropriate improvements and to sponser the Rehabilitation program. This approach has been particularly successful in Monta Vista. Policy 3-21 Encourage citizens to continue to maintain existing residential proper- ties in a manner which enhances the character of Cupertino. Policy 3-22 Consider developing a presale code inspection program for residential structures. To offset financial burdens, this type of program should be linked to rehabilitation loan programs. The City of Cupertino's housing stock is relatively new since 62% was constructed after 1959. The condition of the new housing is generally uniform and in good repair due to the high development standards and enforcement of strict building codes by the City. Most of the physically deteriorating units in town are found in older neighborhoods built under county jurisdiction, prior to the City's incorporation. These older neighborhoods are composed of a variety of housing types and quality, some of which have begun to decline. However, they still retain a distinct character which the City wishes to maintain. Cuper- tino has used over 50% of its Housing and Community Development Block Grant funds for housing rehabilitation primarily in the unincorporated areas. The three neighborhoods with the highest percentage of lower income families and the most serious rehabilitation needs are Monta Vista, Garden Gate, and Rancho Rinconada. These are unincorporated areas within Cdpertino's Urban Service Area. 14 0 • 0 6 E F n'r 15 One aspect of housing conservation relates to energy. In the past decade, the rising costs of energy and the uncertainty of supplies have required communities to examine opportunities for energy conservation. Various methods are available to reduce the consumption of non-renewable energy resources in residential developments. For example, both passive and active solar techniques can be incorporated into design, orientation, and construction of subdivisions. Also, existing units can be retrofitted with energy saving devices. State energy standards increase building efficiency, but additional efforts can further the "energy performance" of a building. A city can take an active role in promoting energy education by encouraging more attention to energy conservation in planning, zoning and building construction require- ments. Energy efficiency can be attained without increasing housing costs and when structuring an energy program this cost factor should be considered. Promote Energy Conservation Y UIFW Policy 3-27 Actively promote energy conservation techniques and energy efficiency in building design, orientation and construction. The relationship between energy conservation and its impact on housing costs should be explored to insure that any selected program does not reduce the supply of affordable housing. Policy 3-28 Re-examine the residential zoning ordinance to insure that use limit- ations regarding mechanical apparatus do not unduly inhibit solar energy use. Policy 3-29 Invesdgate and pursue information regarding energy conservation programs or policies that are being implemented by other California cities. 16 J E • • GOALS AND POLICIES: PROMOTE HOUSING ACCESSIBILITY Goal C: Establish a community in which all people, regardless of their ethnic, racial, religious background, income, marital status, sex, age, or physical handicap have an equal opportunity to obtain housing. Promote the equitable solution of social and technical problems concerning property owners and residents. Discrimination against homeseekers on the basis of race, age, religion, national origin, sex, marital status, or ancestry is prohibited by law. While this discrimination exists, an approximation as to the extent is uncertain. Local service organizations like N idpeninsula Citizens for Fair Housing, which is supported in part by County CDBG funds, and the Housing Service Center have been effective in eliminating flagrant violations of the law. However, more subtle practices are difficult to detect and require support from local governments to produce action. Organizations Working to Eliminate + Policy 3-30 City Referrals — Increased Promote Equal to Such Opportunity for Housing Housing Organizations Opportunity Support efforts of organizations which are working towards eliminating discrimination in the Cupertino area. Landlord/tenant conflicts center around claims by tenants regarding rent increases and lack of building maintenance and claims by landlords regarding non-payment of rent and property destruction. Cupertino is working through its landlord/tenant subcommittee and outside agencies to address landlord/tenant issues. Policy 3-31 Refer landlord/tenant complaints to a voluntary mediation board established by the City and operated by Operation Sentinal. • 17 -M • 0 • Table of Contents FactSheet....................................................................4 I. Population and Housing Profile.................................7 Community Profile......................................................9 A. Population..............................................................9 B. Age Distribution......................................................10 C. Ethnic Distribution...................................................10 D. Employment..........................................................11 E. Jobs and Housing....................................................12 Household Characteristics.........................................14 A. Total Households....................................................14 B. Type...................................................................14 C. Owner -Renter Distribution..........................................15 D. Vacancy Rate.........................................................16 E. Overcrowded Conditions...........................................16 F. Elderly and Handicapped...........................................16 G. Female Heads of Household.......................................17 H. Large Families........................................................17 I. Income Distribution..................................................17 II. Housing Needs........................................................19 Existing Needs........................................................21 A. Affordbility...........................................................21 B. Rehabililtatlon/Replacement........................................21 C. Accessibility..........................................................22 1. Discrimination....................................................22 2. Landlord -Tenant Issues.........................................22 D. Energy and Housing...............................................23 E. Special Housing Needs.............................................23 New Construction Need Based On ABAG'S Regional Housing Allocation......................................24 A. ABAG's New Construction 1985-90 Need for Cupertino..................................................24 B. Cupertino's 1985-90 New Construction Need..................................................26 III. Adequate Sites Inventory.......................................27 Vacant Sites Acreage...............................................29 A. Introduction.........................................................29 B. Analysis..............................................................29 TABLE OF CONTENTS 1 Table of Contents (Continued) IV. Constraints To The Development Of Housing ........33 Governmental........................................................35 A. Land Use Controls ................................................. 35 B. Codes and Enforcement............................................35 C. Infrastructure........................................................ 35 D. Permit Approval Process..........................................36 E. Article 34.............................................................36 Market Constraints....................................................37 A. Housing Costs ...................................................... 37 B. Land and Construcftion Costs .................................... 38 C. Availability of Financing..........................................38 V. Housing Program....................................................39 Program Description.................................................41 A. Summary .............................................................41 B. Action Program to Implement Policies ...........................41 2 TABLE OF CONTENTS s • • Ll E LISTOFFIGURES 3 List of Figures 3-A City of Cupertino's Population Growth History and Projections...........................................9 3-B Cupertino's Age Distributions..................................10 3-C Ethnic Distribution of Population..............................11 3-D Jobs and Housing Ratio.........................................13 3-E Cupertino's Dwelling Unit Projections: 1975-1990 ......... 14 3-F Cupertino's Dwelling Unit Types: 1981 ......................15 3-G Income Levels of Cupertino Households ..................... 18 3-H Low and Very Low Annual Incomes by Family Size, Santa Clara County, June 1985 ................................18 3-I Cupertino's Existing and Projected New Construction Need Based on ABAG's Regional Allocaton Model........ 24 3-J 1990 Projected Housing Need by Income Group to Meet Regional Need ................................. 25 3-K Projected 1990 Housing Need by Tenure .................... 25 3-L 1985-1990 New Construction Need by Income Group ..... 26 3-M Potential Residential Development .............................30 3-N Existing and projected Land Use Patterns....................31 3-0 Maximum Number of Units to be Constructed or Conserved Over a 5 -Year Period in Cupertino ............ 43 3-P Cupertino's Housing Program: 1985-90 ......................44 LISTOFFIGURES 3 Date of Incorporation: 1955 Corporate City Limits: 9.95 Square Miles (1982) Population Profile: 1970 1980 1985 1990 1. Population: 19,500 34,015 37,958 43,922 a) Group Quarters: 547 2. Median Age: 26 yrs 32 yrs a) 0-19 yrs. 30.0% b) 20-64 yrs. 63.5% c) over 65 yrs. 5.5% 3. Minority Population: 6.9% 4. Non -Institutional Handicapped: 16-64 yrs. 4.5% 5. Female Heads of Household: 12.0% 6. Large Families Income: (Housing Units Occupied by 5 or More Persons) 10.6% 7. Median Household Income: $30,312 Median Family Income: $33,249 8. Percentage of Cupertino Households by income group: a) Above Moderate: (over 120% of median) 39.0% b) Moderate: (80-120% of median) 24.0% c) Low: (50-80% of median) 20.0% d) Very Low: (under 50% of median) 17.0% 9. Employees: 27,790 35,000 41,460 4 FACTSHEET • 0 0 0 • Housing Characteristics 1970 1980 1985 1990 1. Total Dwelling Units: 5,598 12,554 13,980 17,177 2. Average Household Size: 3.1 2.7 3. Type of Housing (1981): a) Single -Family: 56.0% b) Cluster: 12.0% c) Duplex & Apartments: 9.0% d) R Apartments: 20.0% e) Group Quarters: 3.0% 4. Tenure of Occupied Units: a) Owner Occupied: 62.0% b) Renter Occupied: 38.0% 5. Vacancy Rate: 1.7% 6. Overcrowded Households: 1.5% 7. Housing Cost: a) Median Selling Price (SFDU) (7/85): $166,000 b) Median Selling Price (Condos)(7/85): $135,000 8. Two Bedroom Apartments - Monthly Rent Range (10/85): $695- $1,210 9. Estimated Households Overpaying: a) Very Low & Low Income: 1,889 b) Moderate Income: 874 c) Above Moderate Income: 218 10. Projected New Housing Units Needed (1985-90) 2,304 a) Above Moderate Income: 847 b) Moderate Income: 542 c) Low Income: 427 d) Very Low Income: 488 11. HAP Units Needing Rehabilitation: 383 12. Units to be Replaced between 1985-90: 25 13. Number of Households: 12,284 I i FACTSHEET 5 "C It • • Community Profile A. Population Cupertino, like other cities within Santa Clara County, has experi- enced a rapid increase in population from its incorporation in 1955 with less than 2,500 residents to its 1980 population of 34,015. 1985 population is esti- mated to be 37,958. In contrast to the corporate limits, the City's 1979 Urban Service Area population was 47,313. The accelerated growth that occurred from the 1950s to the mid 1970s was a result of northern Santa Clara County's economic transition from an agricultural center to the worldwide headquarters for the semi -conductor industry. Between 1970 and 1980 Cupertino's population almost doubled, partially as a result of a 1979 boundary transfer when 12,000 new residents were added to the community. Outside of annexations, the rate of population growth is expected to decrease due to the reduced number of children per household, the scarcity of developable land, and a slower rate of housing con- struction. There will be an estimated 20% increase in population between 1985 and 1990. Figure 3-A shows the City's population growth history. Population (Thousands) 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 Year Group quarters population is minimal. In 1985, group quarters population is estimated to be 547. This figure is expected to remain somewhat constant. FIGURE 3-A. CITY OF CUPERTINO'S POPULATION GROWTH HISTORY AND PROJECT70NS Sources: 1970 and 1980 U.S. Censuses, 1975 Special Census, State Department of Finance, Planning Department projections SECTION 1. POPULATION AND HOUSING PROFILE 9 iu StUIIUN 1. PUPULAFION AND HOUSING PROFILE • 0 B. Age Distribution The age distribution of the population has undergone a change. In 1970 the median age was 26 years old; however, by 1980 it increased to 32 years. Until recently the percentage of school-age children has been decreasing. For example, the enrollment of school-age children has dropped 51% in the Cuper- tino Unified School District from 21,593 in March 1974 to 10,992 in June 1984. Recent surveys indicate an increase in school age children between 1984 and 1985. Consequently, it is possible this decline may be reversed. In contrast to the percentage of school-age children, the percentage of persons between 20 to 64 years and over 65 years has been increasing. These trends may continue due to the aging of the existing population in the City. Figure 3-B shows the shifts in age distribution. FIGURE 3-8. % g.5065+ CUPERTINO'S AGE 5.50% DISTRIBUTIONS 5.20% Sources: 68.10% 1980 U. S. Census, 20-64 63.500/6 State Department of Finance and Cupertino 59.30 Years Planning Staff ..: 14.00% projections 10-19 19.00% ® 1990 ::; ......... ''. 21.50% ..........:... ® 1980 T 9.40% 0-9 11.00% Q 1975 14.00% 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 Percentage C. Ethnic Distribution Similar to cities in northern Santa Clara County, Cupertino has a very small minority population. Between 1975 and 1980, the Caucasian population decreased slightly from 89% to 86%. There was a corresponding slight increase in the Asian -American population from 3% in 1975 to 6.9% in 1980. The other ethnic groups remained proportionally similar in size over the five year period. Figure 3-C shows Cupertino's ethnic composition. iu StUIIUN 1. PUPULAFION AND HOUSING PROFILE • 0 0 Asian American - 7% Mexican American - 4% Other - 2° Black - 0.9% American Indian - 0.9% Caucasian - 85% D. Employment • Cupertino's industrial base is semiconductors and related electronic products; similar to the entire northwest section of Santa Clara County. Ac- cording to the 1980 U.S. Census, 41% of the employed persons over 16 years of age were in administrative, executive or professional positions; 6% were technicians; 12% were in sales; 17% were administrative support person- nel, including clerical; 10% were in precision production or repair services; 4% were machine operators or assemblers; and 10% were in other fields such as services, transportation and farming. Because Cupertino is an employment center, a large number of employees commute to the City to work. A 1985 survey of Cupertino employees indicated the following: 29.6% were in managerial or professional positions; 7.5% were technicians; 11% were in sales; 18.3% were in clerical positions; 8.5% were in service fields; .5% were in farming; 11.3% were skilled laborers and 13.1% were unskilled laborers. The labor force includes a significant percentage of women. In 1980, approximately 44% of the women over 16 years of age were employed full time (35+ hours per week) while 25% were employed part time. This is an increase over the 1970 Census and is important in that a larger proportion of working women affects household size, income, and housing preference. In regard to the actual number of employees, Cupertino, like the other cities in northern Santa Clara County, provides a large employment base. In 1980, Cupertino had approximately 27,790 employees while by January 1983, there were 30,000 employees (6,140 - commercial; 3,745 - office; 17,485 - industrial; and 2,630 - miscellaneous). 1985 employment is estimated to be • -about 35,000. As a result of proposed commercial and industrial density increases, 1990 employment will increase over 1980 employment by 13,670 employees. FIGURE 3-C. ETHNIC DISTRIBUTION OF POPULATION Source: 1980 U.S. Census SECTION 1. POPULATION AND HOUSING PROFILE 11 L E. Jobs and Housing The relationship between employment and housing plays a major role in the future housing plans for Cupertino as well as the entire county. When a community or region is unable to provide enough housing for its employees, these employees must come from outside the area. Long distance employment commutes contribute to additional traffic congestion, more air pollution, and social and economic problems associated with the fiscal imbalance between communities. The present jobs and housing imbalance in Cupertino is also a county and regional problem. Existing development patterns which have established industrial centers must be taken into account in analyzing which localities supply jobs and which supply housing. The fiscal inequalities between communities, particularly those who must spend a great deal of money to service residential areas, must be resolved. Those communities which do provide employment need to make efforts to increase their housing potential to address the housing needs of their employees. One of the ways to increase housing potential is through the General Plan. For example, the City has the means to control its industrial expansion via the Land Use Element. However, once an industrial base is established, it is difficult to control the expansion of business operations, particularly rapid growing electronic firms. The City of Cupertino's Land Use Element identifies permitted land use types and intensities which all property owners have a reasonable expectancy to achieve. The General Plan limits growth to a Floor Area Ratio. The previous General Plan controlled land use types, however, there was no control over intensity per se with the exception of a traffic intensity performance standard for certain geographical sub -areas of the Core Area of the community. In the other commercial office/industrial areas, Floor Area Rados cannot be exceeded. However, developers can add residential units to their projects without penalty in terms of the allowed floor area ratios established in the City's Land Use Element. Figure 3-1) describes Cupertino's jobs/housing ratio. The figure includes jobs/housing balance figures for the City's Urban Service Area. On the surface, Cupertino's jobs/housing equation is slightly out of balance as indicated in Figure 3-1). Between 1985 and 1990,.this figure will remain out of balance based upon projected land use development for each time period. It is assumed that the number of employed residents per household will increase, according to surveys conducted by the Santa Clara County Manufac- turer's Association. Also, the City will annex an additional part of its Urban Service Area, which is almost entirely residentially developed. • 12 SECTION 1. POPULATION AND HOUSING PROFILE 0 • • SECTION 1. POPULATION AND HOUSING PROFILE 13 FIGURE 3-D. 1.24 JOBS AND ¢e mw�7n, u Adoev �eeY+e�@'n?°nvTn� P � HOUSING RATIO(') (s9�a.. 1980) . .... Based on 1990 Build-outa Employment GrowthM Projections 1.37 Projected (1990)3:< ... Source: Cupertino Planning Department 0.00 0.25 0.50 0.75 1.00 1.25 1.50 records Jobs/Housing Ratio (') Assumes 1.3 employed residents per household for existing employed residents per household and 1.8 employed residents per household for the 1990 projection. The 1.8 figure is based on data contained in a document prepared by the Santa Clara County Manufacturers' Group and titled "Vacant Land in Santa Clara County - Implications for Jobs Growth and Housing in the 1980's." "Corporate limit" figures assume that existing county pockets will not annex. i I SECTION 1. POPULATION AND HOUSING PROFILE 13 14 StU I TUN 1. POPULATION AND HOUSING PROFILE L] • v Household Characteristics A. Total Households From 1970 to 1980, the number of housing units in Cupertino more than doubled from 5,598 to 12,554. 1985 housing units are estimated to be 13,980. The number of households in 1980 was 12,284. From 1970 to 1980 average household size decreased, reflecting the trend of fewer births and more single person households. However, recent surveys by the Cupertino School District indicate average household size is about the same or slightly higher than the 198O levels, ranging from 2.7 to 2.8 persons per household. R UPNO' CUPERTINO'S 20 Urban Service Area 19,290 180 1 DWELLING UNIT ,5 PROJECTIONS: 15,920 16,088 17,177 1975-1990 15 13,9 Sources: City 12 1975 Special Census, Dwelling State Department of Units 10 Finance, (Thousands) 7 1980 U.S. Census, Planning Department projections 5 F 0 1975 1980 1985 1990 Years B. Type Although a change in the type of unit that future Cupertino residents will seek can be anticipated by the changes in size and age structure of the pres- ent population and building permit information, currently single family homes remain the predominant housing type. In 1981, 56% of all housing units were single family (attached); 12% were cluster, 6% were duplex; 3% were triplex; 20% were R-4 apartments; 3% were group quarters; and .O1% were mobile homes as shown in Figure 3-F. These percentages are very similar to the hou- sing types in the Cupertino Urban Service Area. 14 StU I TUN 1. POPULATION AND HOUSING PROFILE L] • v 0 • • Single Cluster Duplex Triplex Apartment Group Family Quarters Projections of future housing demand by type of unit, based on house- hold income and construction costs, indicate that if housing affordable to the entire spectrum of economic groups is to be made available, the supply of multi- family units must increase in amount and percent of the total housing stock. Building Department records indicate this trend is occurring. The City has no restrictions on mobile homes or other types of factory built housing. There are currently several manufactured homes that have been constructed in Cupertino. C. Owner -Renter Distribution The 1980 Census indicated 62% of the City's occupied units are owner occupied and 38% are renter occupied. The rental proportion is expected to increase slightly between 1980 and 1990 due to the additional rental units planned. FIGURE 3-F. CUPERTINO'S DWELLING UNIT TYPES: 1981 Source: Cupertino Planning Department records SECTION 1. POPULATION AND HOUSING PROFILE 15 D. Vacancy Rate The vacancy rates for single and multifamily housing units are decreasing. In 1975, the vacancy rate was 7.01% and by March 1985 it had decreased to 1.7% according to the Housing Vacancy Survey published by the Federal Home Loan Bank of San Francisco. An October 1985 survey of apartment owners'of larger complexes containing over 14 units in the Cuper- tino Market area indicated a 3% vacancy rate. Other than duplexes and triplexes, there have been no rental apartments constructed in Cupertino since 1972. At present, there are approximately 2,700 apartment units, excluding duplexes and triplexes, in the City. This is about 19% of the total dwelling units estimated for 1985. However, mortgage revenue bond financing may change this picture as approximately 300 apartment units are currently in the planning stage in Cupertino. In order to preserve its rental housing stock, Cupertino adopted a Condominium Conversion Ordinance in 1978 that prohibits conversions unless the vacancy rate exceeds 5%. Since the Ordinance was adopted, there have been no conversions. E. Overcrowded Conditions In 1980, approximately 188 households, or 1.5% of the total house- holds, were overcrowded while in 1970, 3.6% of the total households were overcrowded. Overcrowding is defined as more than 1.01 persons per room. The decreasing household sizes from 1970 to 1980 have lessened concerns regarding overcrowding. However, the widening gap between demand and supply of housing could contribute to further overcrowding. Also, the common definition of overcrowding may be amended in view of the current trend of constructing smaller housing unit sizes and the development of units with flexible living arrangements. For example, it could be entirely possible to have an open arrangement whereby living space converts to sleeping space in the evening. The total environment is designed to meet both objectives without causing psychological or physical stress to inhabitants. In Cupertino's housing needs projections, the small percentage of overcrowded units has been included as part of the affordability needs. F. Elderly and Handicapped In 1980, approximately 5.5% of the City's population was elderly (65 years or older) and about 4.5 of non -institutional population from ages 16 to 64 had some type of a work disability (handicap). Persons in these cata- gories frequently have an income below the median and can have difficulty entering the housing market either to rent or to own. For example, in 1980, :8.9% of those persons with incomes below the poverty level were 55 years of age or older. Also, conventional home design techniques may not fit the physical needs and limitations of these groups. The fact that the elderly are on fixed incomes limits housing choice when prices rise. 10 StU 1 IUN 1. NUFULA I ION AND HOUSING PROFILE E is 0 G. Female Heads of Household According to the 1980 U.S. Census, there were 1,091 female heads of families within the City. This group has increased from 8% in 1966 to 12% in 1980. In 1980, about 11% of the 1,091 female heads of families had incomes below the poverty level. A 1985 survey by QED Research indicated that female heads of households who are working in Cupertino and who have children, had the lowest average saleries among Cupertino workers. For example, a female householder with children had an average annual salary of $29,719 while the overall average yearly household income of Cupertino workers was $60,000. The trend towards a greater percentage of female heads of households needs to be addressed by the community in terms of housing programs and land use policies. In addition to affordability needs, there are also accessibility needs. The low income status of this group indicates that rental housing may be the only affordable housing. However, many apartment owners will not rent to female household heads with children even though a 1982 California Supreme Court decision made this type of discrimination illegal. H. Large Families Approximately 1,304 or 10.6% of the 12,284 housing units within Cupertino in 1980 were occupied by households of five or more. In 1975, 6% of the large family households had incomes of less than the Santa Clara County median. Given the fact that average household sizes are remaining constant or decreasing slightly, the traditional housing concerns related to large families are • becoming less important from a public policy point of view. The typical indi- cator of problems associated with large families is overcrowding. This does not appear to be a problem for Cupertino in view of the small percentage of overcrowded households (1.5%) reported in 1980. • L Income Distribution Santa Clara County, compared to other counties within California, as well as nationwide, is considered to be an extremely affluent county. Based on the 1980 Census, median household income for the county was $23,370. Among the 15 cities within the county, Cupertino had one of the highest median incomes reported. According to the 1980 Census, median household income was $30,312, while median family income was $33,249. A 1985 Census by QED Research indicated that the median household income of Cupertino work- ers was $54,000, while the average annual household income was $60,000. Figure 3-G shows the percentage of Cupertino households within each income group, according to the 1980 Census data on median annual income. Classifications, by income group, are also used by the federal govem- ment to determine eligibility for housing assistance programs. However, the income groupings are adjusted for family size. The Santa Clara County definitions of low and very low income, by family size as of June 1985, are shown in Figure 3-H. SECTION 1. POPULATION AND HOUSING PROFILE 17 FIGURE 3-G. INCOME LEVELS OF CUPERTINO HOUSEHOLDS Source: 1980 U.S. Census based on Cupertino's Median Annual Household Income of $30.312 FIGURE 3-H. LOW AND VERY LOW ANNUAL INCOMES BY FAMILY SIZE, SANTA CLARA COUNTY, JUNE 1985 Source: Housing Authority of Santa Clara County 1 2 3 4 Family Size 5 6 7 8 Very Low Income (under 50% of median) - 17% Low Income (50%-80% of median) - 20% Moderate Income (80%-120% Of median) - 24% Above Moderate Income (over 120% of median) - 39% 0 10 20 30 40 Annual Income (Thousands) Id StG I IUN 1. PUPULA I ION AND HOUSING PROFILE • r1 U • • 0 • 19 0 s Existing Needs A. Affordability Based on the City's Housing Assistance Plan (1983-86), very low and low income households experience the greatest affordability needs. Over- payment by moderate and upper income households is not as serious since these households have more discretionary dollars to purchase the other necessi- ties of life. Cupertino's 1985 existing affordability needs (i.e. where house- holds are paying more than 25% of their income for housing) are as follows: —Very low and low income small family renters have the greatest need. According to the HAP (1983-86), there are approximately 1,371 renter households with affordability needs or who were overcrowded. This figure is estimated to have remained constant for 1985 with about 30 renter households in overcrowded units and about 1341 renter households with affordability needs. —Very low and low income homeowners, small family and elderly, also have affordability needs. Based on the 1980 Census, there were about 518 households in owner occupied non -condominium units with incomes below $20,000 who had affordability needs. This figure is estimated to have remained constant for 1985. —Moderate income households have less affordability needs than low income households. Based on the 1975 Special Census data, 26% of the moderate income households had affordability needs. Applying this percentage and assuming both a 1% vacancy rate and that the per- centage of moderate income households in Cupertino is similar to the 1980 percentage, approximately 874 moderate income households have affordability needs in 1985. —Only 4% of the above moderate income households had affordability needs in 1975. Applying this percentage to the estimated number of above moderate income households in 1985 and assuming a 1% vacan- cy rate would indicate that 218 above moderate income households in 1985 have affordability needs. B. Rehabilitation/Replacement The majority of Cupertino's housing is in good condition. Information regarding current rehabilitation needs for Cupertino was derived from the City's 1983-86 Housing Assistance Plan and is summarized as follows: —Rehabilitation.needs are concentrated in the lower income areas, which are predominately unincorporated. These households do not have enough disposable income to maintain their dwelling units. —Approximately 383 units need rehabilitation; 232 (39%) are owner occupied and 151 (61 %) are rental units. —There are no units requiring replacement. However, due to land use changes, about 25 units will be replaced between 1985 and 1990. SECTION 2. HOUSING NEEDS 21 C. AcceSSlbillty Closely related to the issue of adequate housing is the issue of acces- sibility of the housing, so that each household regardless of ethnic, economic, age, or marital status is provided with a reasonable choice of locations within the community. Problems that relate to accessibility focus on two main areas: discrimination and landlord -tenant conflicts. 1. Discrimination The only available information on discrimination comes from the Mid - peninsula Citizens for Fair Housing, a local non-profit agency, funded through the CDBG program by Santa Clara County to investigate claims of discrimination. The Midpeninsula Citizens for Fair Housing staff reported that the organization made 17 investigations of illegal discrimination in 1982 in Cupertino and received about 114 complaints from the Cupertino, Los Altos, Los Altos Hills and Stanford areas. The majority of complaints for Cupertino continue to involve discrimi- nation against families with children. In cases where sufficient evidence of discrimination is obtained, clients are referred for legal service. The second most prevalent type of discrimination in Cupertino, accord- ing to the Midpenmsula Citizens for Fair Housing, is discrimination against persons of the same sex. Cupertino refers complaints on dis- crimination to the Midpeninsula Citizens for Fair Housing. 2. Landlord -Tenant Issues Landlord -tenant conflicts center around several areas.The major portion of these problems involve the following: —Complaints from landlords regarding non-payment of rent and property destruction. —Claims by tenants regarding unreasonable rent increases. —Inability of tenants to reclaim cleaning and/or security deposit. --Claims by tenants of landlords' failure to maintain and repair the buildings and facilities. —Other issues involve noise, pest and rodent control, etc. 22 SEG I ION 2. HOUSING NEEDS 0 P 0 • 11 The degree and extent of the problem, if any, is difficult to document. Based on recommendations from the City's Rental Housing Subcommittee, a voluntary mediation process for Cupertino residents and landlords was established. D. Energy and Housing The city presently has an Energy Commission consisting of 7 persons appointed by the City Council to make energy conservation recommendations to the Council. Over the past 4 years the Energy Commission has provided energy conservation workshops and information for small businesses, restau- rants, and individuals. As a result of the Commission's recommendations, all multifamily units are plumbed at the time of construction for solar energy and all multifamily and single family residential clothes dryer outlets accommodate both gas and electricity. E. Special Housing Needs Cupertino Community Services, a non-profit organization, provides emergency housing services in the form of small loans or grants to persons in need. This organization also serves as a referral service to agencies which furnish emergency temporary housing shelter in Santa Clara County. Over the past ten months, Cupertino Community Services provided some form of assistance to about 253 persons a month and referred another 205 persons a month to agencies that supply emergency temporary housing shelter. There is no specific data as to the number of homeless people in the City of Cupertino. The Cupertino Community Services Director stated that based on figures pro- vided from the county's private housing service agencies, there are about 5,000 people a day in Santa Clara County who are without housing or who are in overcrowded housing. There is no special housing need for farmworkers in Cupertino. SECTION 2. HOUSING NEEDS 23 FIGURE 31. CUPERTINO'S EXISTING AND PROJECTED NEW CONSTRUCTION NEED BASED ON ABAG'S REGIONAL ALLOCATION MODEL Source: ABAG projections. New Construction Need Based On ABAG'S Regional Housing Allocation A. ABAG's 1980-90 New Construction Need for Cupertino Cupertino's new construction need incorporates a share of the regional housing need of persons from all income levels as identified by ABAG. The regional need includes the existing and projected regional demand for housing taking into account: market demand, employment opportunities, availability of suitable sites and public facilities, and commuting patterns. Figure 3-I shows Cupertino's 1980-90 projected new construction need, which is 3,383 units. The 1980 existing new construction need, established by ABAG to be 1,923 units, has been incorporated into the 1980-90 figure. Assuming growth occurs as planned, Cupertino will nearly meet this goal. Between 1981 and 1985, about 825 units were added, while from 1985 to 1990 another 2,270 units are projected. 1980 Projected 1980 Housing Existing Need: Housing Need Households Units 1980 1980-1990 12,269 12,554 1,923 3,386' Existing need has been incorporated into projected need. Regional housing need, as mentioned previously, includes housing for all income levels. Based on information on family size and household income from the 1980 U.S.Census, ABAG established the income levels for the 1980- 1990 increase in available housing. The distribution of the 3,386 units by in- come category for Cupertino is shown in Figure 3-J. The income catagory is based on the HUD median income for the Bay Area in order to comply with State requirements that regional housing needs must be considered. For 1985, the HUD figure for median income was $39,200. Of the 3,386 units needed between 1980 and 1990 for available housing (i.e., new construction), the re- gional allocation system established by ABAG would indicate that 50% or 1,693 units should be available to above moderate income households, 20% or 677 units should be available for moderate income households, 14% or 474 units should be available to low income households, and 16% or 542 units should be available to very low income households. Note that the income levels are related to HUD median income rather than City median income. The actual condition of the housing market and the availability of federal subsidies may preclude the development of this number of lower income units by 1990. Z4 StG I ION 2. HOUSING NEEDS 0 E • e E • Above Moderate Income - 1,693 Units (50%) Moderate Income - 677 Units (20%) Low Income - 474 Units (14%) Very Low Income - 542 Units (16%) Total New Housing Units Needed 1980-1990: 3,386 Besides projecting new households, ABAG estimated the tenure of housing in order to produce a figure of the needed rental stock in 1990 to ap- proximate the estimated 1980 percentages. The percentages for Cupertino are shown in Figure 3-K. In order to have 38% of its housing stock as rental units, Cupertino would need an additional 1,277 units available for rent between 1980 and 1990. Although there were no rental apartments constructed between 1980 and 1985, approximately 300 apartment units are planned between 1985 and 1990. These units will meet some of the lower income housing need, if mort- gage revenue bond financing is used. Some condominium units will also be rentals. Consequently, the 1990 percentage of rental to owner occupied units will likely increase because of the new apartments planned. Rental - 1,277 Units (38%) Total Units Needed: 3,386 Owner Occupied - 2,109 Units (62%) FIGURE 3-J. 1990 PROJECTED HOUSING NEED BY INCOME GROUP TO MEET REGIONAL NEED Source: ABAG projections FIGURE 3-K. PROJECTED 1990 HOUSING NEED BY TENURE Source: ABAG estimates using data from the 1980 U. S. Census SECTION 2. HOUSING NEEDS 25 B. Cupertino's New Construction Need: 1985-1990 Ideally, the 1980-90 projected need of 3,386 units would be met on a proportional basis over a ten year period. Unfortunately, the high interest rates in the late 1970s and early 198Os, as well as the lack of available subsidies, severely impacted the housing market especially for lower income households. Therefore, it is estimated that only 10% of the very low and low income projected need was met between 1980 and 1985 leaving a remainder of 427 low income units and 488 very low income units needed between 1985 and 1990. Assuming that 20% of the moderate and 50% of the above moderate income projected housing need was met between 1980 and 1985, there are 542 additional moderate income and 847 above moderate income units needed between 1985 and 1990. Figure 3-1- shows Cupertino's 1985-1990 new construction need. As long as the infrastructure has capacity and land is available, the private sector can meet the needs of the above moderate income households. Moderate income households would experience difficulty in purchasing housing, however, there would be affordable rental units and some condominiums for this group. Figure 3-L. 1985-1990 NEW CONSTRUCTION NEED BY INCOME GROUP 26 SECTION 2. HOUSING NEEDS . Above Moderate Income - 1,693 Units (50%) Moderate Income - 677 Units (20%) Low Income - 474 Units (14%) Very Low Income - 542 Units (16%) Total Units Needed, 1985-1990: 2,304 �i • -tog L$t:1y �' �. Ya f'�P.gwLv, a'+•mA ...... ✓ i1 _.nq.4t Fi}'^4rt. 0 0 0 28 SECTION 3. ADEQUATE SITES INVENTORY 0 F • Vacant Sites Acreage A. Introduction One of the functions of the Housing Element is to analyze the capacity of suitable and developable sites to meet identified housing needs. In addition to indentifying the potential for sites to increase housing, the Element should address the suitability of sites for non -market rate housing. Cupertino is a com- munity which is mostly built out. The hills to the west provide environmental constraints to high density development and annexation potential is generally limited to the Urban Service Area since the adjacent communities are also urban- ized with little developable land left. Consequently, Cupertino's sites analysis will review all vacant residential sites. Figures 3-M and 3-N provide a graphic and numerical description of available land for residential and non-residential development within the community based upon the existing land use plan. Fig- ure 3-M identifies the location of sites available for housing. There are additional small sites within the community that could support higher density which are not depicted on the map. The theoretical yield from the small sites is reflected in the build out numbers listed on Figure 3-N. B. Analysis The sites depicted in Figure 3-M which will be built out during the period 1985 through 1990 will yield approximately 2,270 units with the bulk of the units located within Town Center (700+ units), the Marian property (530+ units), and Seven Springs Ranch (420+ units). The Mariani and Town Center sites are located in the Core Area and will most likely have densities exceeding 20 units per acre. The increased densities will result in a lower land cost and, therefore, hypothetically a lower selling price to help meet the needs of an expanding employment base. The Seven Springs Ranch site is located on the hillside fringe area and consequently will have lower densities. Approximately 530 acres were utilized for residential development bet- ween 1979 and 1984. Of that 530 acres, 384 or 72% were located in hillside terrain which results in extremely low densities with corresponding high dwel- ling unit prices. The hillside dwellings are priced beyond all but the very high income households which either currently exist within the community or will move into the community. The majority of the new development between 1985- 1990 will be either attached townhomes or condominiums. The attached hou- sing will be constructed on approximately 72 acres with an average density of about 22 units per acre. The high density factor results from projected high density development on the Town Center and Mariani properties. Each housing site depicted on Figure 3-M would comply with standards established by the federal and state governments related to construction of assis- ted housing and referenced in the City's Housing Assistance Plan. All of the sites are in very close proximity to major transportation corridors served by the Santa Clara Valley Transit District. Each site is relatively close to shopping and other community supoort activities. None of the sites are affected by a particu- larly adverse noise environment which could not be mitigated through normal construction and site planning techniques. Additionally, the City of Cupertino's Planned Development Ordinance and Single -Family Cluster Residential Ordi- nance contain mechanisms to insure that high intensity development can be designed to provide a healthy Living environment for potential residents. Single lot infill sites in residential neighborhoods would not be suitable for multifamily developments. SECTION 3. ADEQUATE SITES INVENTORY 29 3U StG i IUN 3. AUtUUA I E SI its INVENTORY 0 0 0 6 • 171 Note 1: The density range for Single Family includes both detached (0-5 du/ac) and attached (5-35 du/ac) units. The density range for multi -family units is 5-35 du/ac. Most of the multi -family units in Cupertino will beat the upper end of this range. _ Note 2: Quasi Public, Park, Open Space, Agricultural, Freeway right of way. Note 3: The dwelling unit figures are based upon development at mid-range of the allowed density range. Actual development has been occuring at a slower pace because of housing market conditions. FIGURE 3-N. EXISTING AND PROJECTED LAND USE PATTERNS Source: City of Cupertino Planning Department Records SECTION 3. ADEQUATE SITES INVENTORY 31 Existing Mid -Range 3 1985 1985-1990 1990 Total 3 DU DU DU Single Familyl 10,109 1,920 12,029 Mufti-Familyl 3,817 350 4,167 Group quarters 547 0 547 Single home on developable land 54 0 54 Annexed Dwellings 0 380 380 Subtotal 14,527 2,650 17,177 Existing 1985-1990 1990 Total Acres Acres Acres Commercial 290 6 296 Professional Office 58 72 130 Industrial 291 12 303 Other 1,658 0 1,658 Vacant 1,356 0 1,356 Total 3,653 90 3,743 Note 1: The density range for Single Family includes both detached (0-5 du/ac) and attached (5-35 du/ac) units. The density range for multi -family units is 5-35 du/ac. Most of the multi -family units in Cupertino will beat the upper end of this range. _ Note 2: Quasi Public, Park, Open Space, Agricultural, Freeway right of way. Note 3: The dwelling unit figures are based upon development at mid-range of the allowed density range. Actual development has been occuring at a slower pace because of housing market conditions. FIGURE 3-N. EXISTING AND PROJECTED LAND USE PATTERNS Source: City of Cupertino Planning Department Records SECTION 3. ADEQUATE SITES INVENTORY 31 0 0 0 Constraints to the Development of Housing IV. 33 L 34 SECTION 4. CONSTRAINTS TO THE DEVELOPMENT OF HOUSING u is • Governmental A. Land Use Controls Cupertino's land use regulations allow for densities as high as 20-35 units per acre. This is not a constraint to further residential development. High density development has averaged 22 DU/AC. Setbacks and open space require- ments also are not a constraint to the development of affordable housing. The Zoning Ordinance generally requires minimum front and rear setbacks of 20 feet and a maximum lot coverage of 40%. However, high density housing would most likely be developed under a Planned Development permit and consequent- ly, the zoning ordinance would be used only as a guideline. Additional residen- tial density increases would be available under the provision of Government Code, Section 65915, if the City granted density bonuses instead of other incentives to the developers of low and moderate income housing. Most of Cupertino's remaining commercial and industrial land is owned by private companies and will be used for their expansion. However, the City's Land Use Element provides incentives for mixed use projects, whereby a devel- oper of commercial or industrial land is allowed to add residential units without penalty in terms of floor area ratio. The major portion of residential develop- ment will occur on the Marian, Town Center, and Seven Springs properties. B. Codes and Enforcement Code enforcement refers to both zoning and building violations, which sometimes overlap as in the case of illegal room additions. The Zoning Ordi- nance is concerned primarily with illegal structures or uses while the Building code is concerned with construction violations. The most prevalent type of zoning code enforcement used by localities is described as complaint -response. This procedure involves investigation of zoning violations by City staff based upon complaints from neighbors or tenants. This practice is followed by Cupertino. In 1985, most of the reported zoning violations involved illegally parked vehicles. When a violation is reported, an on-site investigation is made. If, in fact a violation is occuring, a letter is sent to the building owner and, depending on the response, the matter may be referred to the City Attorney. The City has no mandatory zoning code enforcement program. Like the Zoning Ordinance, Cupertino's Building Code is not a serious constraint to residential development. New construction is required to meet Uniform Building Code regulations. However, there is no ongoing systematic enforcement of the Building Codes upon existing dwelling units unless there have been complaints received by the City or the resident is seeking a permit for additional construction. Certain types of room additions would require the applicant to bring_the. budding (or part of it) up to existing codes. C. Infrastructure The existing public facilities and utilities can accommodate future residential development. However, substantial increases in commercial and industrial densities would affect the circulation system. Whenever commercial and/or industrial development impact circulation and cause further imbalance in the jobs and housing rano, mitigation measures are required as part of the permit approval process. SECTION 4. CONSTRAINTS TO THE DEVELOPMENT OF HOUSING 35 16 The City's typical improvement requirements include half -street, curb, gutter, and sidewalk. A residential street has a 60 foot right-of-way and mea- sures 40 feet from curb to curb. Water service is available throughout the City. Central sewage is also available, except in the hillsides where alternative methods of sewage disposal are necessary. D. Permit Approval Process Development review also affects housing costs. Because of interest razes and inflation, the longer it takes for a development proposal to be approved, the higher the development costs. Prior to beginning residential development in Cupertino, an application must be submitted to the Planning Department and must be approved by the Planning Commission and the City Council before Ming for a building permit. The average processing time from the date of initial application is approximately 2 months. Large projects generally take longer,. particularly if extra environmental review is required. upertino's development review process is generally shorter than that in many other Peninsula cities. Development fees requried are lower in cost compared to other Peninsu- la cities and they average about $6,400ppeer single family units and $3,800 for condominiums and apartments. Single funily unit fees include the following: Permits - $767; Plan Check Fees - $362; Construction Tax - $240; Planning - $5; Seismic Fees - $10.50; and Engineering - $5,000. Condominium and apart- ment fees include; Permits - $574; Plan Check Fees - $261.95; Construction Tax - $240; Planning - $5; Seismic Fees - $6.30; and Engineering - $2,700. All fees are excused for below market rate units and there is priority processing of proposals that include below market rate units. There is a design review process which takes about six weeks and considers the development's relationship to the adjacent area. Parking requirements have been lowered for low and moderate income developments. Overall, site improvements and land use controls are not a constraint to the development of affordable housing. E. Article 34 Article 34 of the California Constitution requires a positive vote of the electorate in order to allow the construction of low cost public owned, devel- oped, or financed housing. A referendum such as this has never been submitted to the Cupertino electoriate. Without referendum authority, a Housing Authority can still participate in various federal and state programs that promote low and moderate income housing but is unable to utilize HUD's low rent Public Hou- sing Program that provides for publicly owned rental housing. Also, without referendum authority the City cannot use the tax exempt financing for more than 49 percent of the units in a project which is privately owned and developed. The City currently believes it can accomplish its program objectives without an Article 34 referendum. 36 SECTION 4. CONSTRAINTS TO THE DEVELOPMENT OF HOUSING O Market Constraints A. Housing Costs Providing adequate housing for a variety of income groups has become an increasingly difficult goal to achieve. Housing costs have significantly es- calated during the past decade because of higher construction costs, speculation, inflation, higher mortage rates, and the decreasing supply of vacant developable land. From 1976-1980, the Real Estate Research Council of Northern Califor- nia reported the average sales price of a new single family residence in the San Francisco Bay Area increased 123.6% from $53,846 to $120,411. Because of increasing costs, low and moderate income families are being priced out of the ownership housing market and shifted into the rental market. Housing costs in Cupertino are higher than the average California home. During the 1970's double digit inflation rates dramatically increased the cost of housing both owner and rental. A 1980 survey by Questor Associates, Inc., San Francisco, indicated single family home resales average $137,681. The monthly median sales price ranged from a low of $118,000 to a high of $138,500. Prices have been grad- ually rising. For example, based on a 90 day survey through June 24, 1984 of all homes sold in Cupertino, the San Jose Mercury News reported (July 16, 1984) that the median selling price was $154,500. The San Jose Real Estate Board reported the median selling prices of homes in the Cupertino zone for June 1985 and July 1985 were $152,000 and $166,000 respectively. Average selling prices for these same months were $142,476 and $147,478. In contrast, median selling prices for single family homes for June 1984 and June 1983 were $145,000 and $135,000. Assuming an average selling price of $145,000, an annual income of $45,312 is required to purchase, based on a 3.2 ratio. The Questor Survey indicated condominium/ townhouse resales in 1980 averaged $122,718. Condominium prices have also risen. The median selling prices for condominiums in the Cupertino zone were $125,000 (June 1985) and $135,000 (July 1985) according to the San Jose Real Estate Board. In contrast, the average selling prices of condominiums during the months of June and July, 1985 were $106,966 and $121,171 respectively. Consequently, assuming an average condominium price of $115,000, an annual income of $35,937 is requi- red to purchase, using a 3.2 ratio. In 1985, newly constructed one bedroom condominiums in Cupertino ranged from $125,000 - $130,000, while two bedroom units ranged from $150,000 - $160,000. The annual income required to purchase these units ranges from $39,062 to $50,000. According to Planning Department data, there are significantly more condominiums and planned unit development projects under way than single family home projects. The rental. market is also characterized by high rents although there is still some affordable rental housing for low income households in Cupertino. The median monthly rent for Cupertino according to the 1980 U.S. Census was $410. A survey from April to August 1981 indicated that only 37% of the one bedroom apartments had monthly rents below $400, and only 35% of the two bedroom apartments had rents below $500. 16% of the three bedroom duplexes advertised were under $600 in rent. Single family houses, perhaps due to a lower level of quality, were somewhat cheaper than duplexes. About 71% of the two bedroom homes were priced below $500 and 43% of the three bedroom homes were priced below $600. An October 1985 survey of large apartment SECTION 4. CONSTRAINTS TO THE DEVELOPMENT OF HOUSING 37 complexes in Cupertino indicated monthly rents of one bedroom apartments ranged from $875-$920; while two bedroom units ranged from $69541,120; and three bedroom units ranged from $850-$1,365. An annual income of $25,200 is necessary to afford a $700 apartment in Cupertino, assuming housing costs to be one-third of monthly income. Some of Cupertino's rents fall within the maximum rents allowed for a rental unit to be eligible to be rented by low income households as part of the section 8 Existing program. Under this program, a household is determined eligible for obtaining a housing subsidy based on its income. As of July 1984, there were 20 apartments in Cupertino which were leased by Section 8 certifi- cate holders. "Fair Market" rent levels have been established by HUD for the Section 8 Existing program to indicate the maximum amount a unit can rent for and still be used by certificate holders. The HUD fair market levels (including utilities) as of July 1985 are as follows: Studio 1 Bedroom 2 Bedroom 3 Bedroom 4 Bedroom $450 $510 $595 $775 $850 B. Land and Construction Costs A June 1980 report prepared by the Real Estate Research Council of Northern California states that escalating land prices and construction costs are among the major contributors to the increased cost of housing in the San Francisco Bay Area. Between 1976 to 1980, residential lot values increased 142.9% from $16,792 to $40,795 while residential construction costs increased 47.9% from $25.34 per square foot to $37.48 Per square foot. In 1981, local developers reported the cost of land in Cupertino suitable for residential devel- opment is approaching $400,000 per acre and construction costs are about $49.10 per square foot according to the January, 1985 Bank of America apprai- sal. The use of mortgage revenue bonds, available, through the County, is one way for developers to mitigate costs. C. Availability of F7nancing Interest rates have declined since their peak in the late 197O's. Currently, conventional financing for a 30 year fixed loan with 20% down is around 12% while variable interest rates are slightly lower. Still, this is considerably above the 7% rates in 1970. Financing is generally available to those who can afford the housing payments. ss tiLGHON4. CONSTRAINTS TO THE DEVELOPMENT OF HOUSING s is • ,x w. - ,,�r . _ _.� ..� ,� a �� d .: Y r - �.� � Lo' + v � "'. � ' . ��-�x i.1.. A' y„�,ir.ri+ y$���,•, 1 .y ' S � �' r� 1 .�'j :. �� �� �� �� �:�� i.:a..v:.: � _ ,r. F �� tf .. �� 0 0 40 SECTION 5. HOUSING PROGRAM 0 Is 40 Program Description A. Summary The Housing Element's goals, policies, and programs establish the direction and indicate the actions the City will take to meet its needs. The goals and policies have been incorporated into the City's General Plan. Goals express ideals, policies guide the programs toward the goals, and programs are imple- mentation strategies to achieve goals. Cupertino recognizes that it will be unable to meet all its identified needs. However, the programs are designed to enable the City to make a maximum effort to meet its needs and a fair share of the re- gional housing needs of all economic segments. Through the use of its local powers, the City is able to mitigate some of the constraints to additional residential development. The existing and proposed programs within the Housing Element (without considering the strong Conversion Ordinance) will enable the City to address between 11% - 12% of its identified low and very low income afforda- bility and new constriction needs over the time frame of the Element. Exclu- ding affordability needs, the City will be able to meet 33-38% of its low and very low income new construction needs by 1990, if subsidies are available. Low and very low new construction needs could theoretically be met on the City's vacant high density residential parcels (see Figure M), which have a maximum capacity for 1135 units. Mixed use developments and Mortgage Revenue Bonds will allow Cupertino to meet 30% of the new construction needs for moderate income households over a five year period. The private rental market will also meet some of the moderate income housing needs. Above moderate income needs will be met by the private sector. Also I I% to 22% of rehabilitation needs for owner occupled units will be met over the time frame of the Element. The programs, like the goals and policies, focus on providing an adequate supply of housing for all economic segments, maintaining and preserving the existing supply, and promoting accessibility. B. Action Program to Implement Policies The following section (Figure 3-P) provides a time frame (1985-90), funding sources, implementing actions, and responsible agencies to accomplish the goals and policies stated in the General Plan. The City has formerly had a BMR program which was dropped after a year long study of its benefits. The BMR Subcommittee found that the program was not providing enough housing for its costs, the burdens were disproportionately placed on the providers of the most affordable housing, and another type of program would be more suitable to address the housing affordability needs of Cupertino's residents and those employed in the City. Consequently, the City is going to use some of its gener- al fund to meet some of the housing need. The City may contract with anon - profit developer to provide rental housing for low and very low income house- holds, particularly senior citizens and disabled persons who are on a fixed income. Approximately 60 low income renter households and 140 moderate income ownership and renter households can be assisted through the Mortgage Revenue Bond program. Mixed use developments could provide another 20 moderate income units. About 100 low income units could be developed as part of changes in the Zoning Ordinance to allow second units. Approximately 80 - SECTION 5. HOUSING PROGRAM 41 130 units could be constructed as part of a subsidy program similar to Section 8. A total of 75 low income elderly households in Cupertino can be assisted through the City's funding of Project Match. There will be 20 very low and low income rental households receiving Section 8 Existing Certificates. About 60 low and very low income households can be assisted by the City contracting with a non-profit developer of low income housing. Affordable rental units will be preserved through the use of the Conver- sion Ordinance. Figure 3-0 shows the maximum number of units that could be constructed or conserved in Cupertino over a five-year period assuming subsi- dies were available and construction occurs as planned. The CDBG program will continue to provide rehabilitation loans for 5- 10 very low and low income owner occupied households per year. Rehabilita- tion funds, when available, will be used for rental units. Currently such funds are unavailable. 0- 01 42 SECTIONS. HOUSING PROGRAM 0 • • Very Low & Low Income: — 80-130 units of subsidized family and elderly housing (10-20 elderly and 70-110 family units) if Section 8 new construction or other subsidies are available. — 100 units could be developed as second units, generally for the elderly. — 60 family units through participation in the Mortgage Revenue Bond program for rental construction. (More market rate remals would also be !wilt through this program). — 60 family, elderly, and disabled units can be developed through the use of City funds in cooperation with a non-profit developer. SUB-TOTAL:300-350 New Construction Very Low & Low Income Units Units Conserved: (Housing units preserved as affordable because of Conversion Ordinance or through existing programs). — Approximately 3,900 duplexes, triplexes and apartments can be preserved if no conversions occur. Should conversions occur, a percentage of the units will be dedicated to below market rate households. — Maintain the 27 family and elderly affordable units for the handicapped and the 14 existing BMR units — 20 very low and low income households can be assisted through the Section 8 Existing Program and 75 households can be assisted through Project Match. — Rehabilitation 25-50 low income owner units. SUB -TOTAL: 4,016-4,086 Units Conserved Moderate Income: — Approximately 20 family ownership units could be provided by the Mortgage Revenue Bond program. — 120 market rate units (family) could be provided with developer participation in the Mortgage Revenue Bond program for rental construction — 20 family units through mixed use developments. SUB -TOTAL: 160 Moderate Income Units Above Moderate Income: — Over 1,000 units can be constructed in the above moderate income range. SUB -TOTAL: 1,000 Above Moderate Income Units 'Assuming the housing market improves and subsidies are available. Actual development may be less due to the condition of the housing market and the availability of subsidies. FIGURE 3-0. MAXIMUM NUMBER OF UNITS TO BE CONSTRUCTED OR CONSERVED OVER A 5 YEAR PERIOD IN CUPERTINO(•) Source: Cupertino Planning Department SECTION 5. HOUSING PROGRAM 43 44 SECTION 5. HOUSING PROGRAM 0 • FIGURE 3-P. CUPERTINO'S HOUSING PROGRAM., 1985-1990 Ouanfified O(x'ectives and/orAction Responsible Agency Funding Source Time Implimenting Frame EXPANDING HOUSING SUPPLY. 1. Provide information regarding rezoning of Planning Department Staff Time Ongoing commercial and industrial landsto residential for owners of these lands. 2. Work with county, state, federal and private Planning Department/ Staff Time Ongoing agencies active in developing affordable Rehab Coordinator HUD housing. Use HUD funds to finance infra- structure improvements. 3. Construct 80-130 units of assisted family Planning Department Section 8; 1985-90 and elderly rental housing using federal or state Section 202 subsidies if available. Developfamily and Land Aoquistion elderly units in proportion to the needs (CDBG) identified. 4. Continue participation in Section 8 (Existing) Santa Clara Section 8 Ongoing to assist 20 very low and low income families County Housing and elderly households. Authority 5. Development rental and affordable owner. Planning Department/ CDBG, develop - ship housing opportunities through the CDC ers of mixed use following combination of programs: sites, Staff Time — Continue priority processing of Ongoing developments that have low and moderate income units; — Identify the most suitable sites as shown 1988.1989 in Figure 3-M and determine the availability of surplus school sites; — Excuse a portion of, or all development Ongoing fees of projects that include low and moderate income units, if there would be no effect on the health, safety and welfare of the community by this action; — Apply for state predevelopment loans, Ongoing if available, to write down predevelopment costs and use Mortgage Revenue Bonds to finance rental construction;: — Adopt a method, during 1986, to implement 1986 density bonus increases according to Section 65915 of the Government Code; and - — Use City funds to assist a non-profit 1987-1990 organization to develop rental units for low and very low income households. Several funding sources are currently 44 SECTION 5. HOUSING PROGRAM 0 • • r1 LJ L� FIGURE 3-P. CUPERTINO'S HOUSING PROGRAM: 1985-1990 (Continued) Quantified 04ectives androrAction Responsible Agency Funding Source Time Implimenting Frame being considered, including the general fund, an augmented construction tax, in -lieu below-market rate (BMR) unit fees, and/or a hotel occupancy tax. A final decision of funding sources will be delayed due to an initiative on the November 1986 ballet which would restrict the City's ability to augment the construction tax. After a funding source is established, the City will issue a Request For Proposal to appropriate non-profit organizations. The City's intent is to transfer the allocated funds to a non-profit organization which would be responsible for designing, implementing, and managing the housing. 6. Determine the necessity of an Staff Reports City Funds As Needed Article 34 Referendum. to City Manager 7. Participate in Mortgage Revenue Bond City conti nues to Bond Sales Ongoing programs through the county. Provide participate with the Staff Time ownership housing for 20 moderate income county households and rental units for 60 low income households and 120 moderate income households over the time frame of the element. 8. Encourage mixed use developments through Planning Department Staff Time Ongoing the City's new land use policies. The City City Funds regulates non-residential development through the application of floor area ratios. Housing constructed in conjunction with non-residential development is excluded from the floor area ratio calculation. Therefore, a developer is not penalized for constructing housing and housing is encouraged in areas otherwise reserved for non-residential growth. 9. Review vacant lands for potential Planning Department Staff Time Ongoing rezoning every three years, including rezoning non-residential land to residemial uses and increasing the permited intensity of residentially -zoned parcels. 10. Continue Second Unit Ordinance. Planning Department Staff Time Ongoing Approximately 100 units, predominately for the elderly, can result from this action. Determine if alternate forms of financing would be available to assist in the construction of such housing. 11. Continue to support Project Match with Planning Department/ Staff Time Ongoing CDBG funds. Assist 15 low income elderly Rehabilitation CDBG households annually. Coordinator I SECTION 5. HOUSING PROGRAM 45 FIGURE 3-P. CUPERTINO'S HOUSING PROGRAM., 1985.1990 (Continued) QuantifiedO4ectivesandlorAction Responsible Agency Funding Source Timelmplimenting Frame 12. Continue to use CDBG funds to reduce Planning Department/ City Funds Ongoing costs in supplying below market rate housing. Rehabilitation CDBG The City has established a senior citizen Coordinator housing fund with CDBG monies. PRESERVE AND ENHANCE EXISTING HOUSING 13. Conserve the existing BMR units and Planning Department Staff Time Ongoing the 27 low income handicapped units. This will be accomplished by continuing to control the resale price of the existing BMR units and maintaining the rent of the handicapped units at rates affordable to low income persons. 14. Continue code enforcement and PlanningrPublic City Funds Ongoing maintenance of public areas. Works Departments 15.Provide low interest rate loans or grants to City Housing; CDBG Ongoing 5-10 very low and low income households per Rehabilitation year to correct building code violations and Coordinator housing deficiencies per the City's Rehabili- tation Guidelines. The program is targeted at owner -occupied units. If sufficient funds are available, loans will be made to rehabilitate rental units. 16. Continue the Condominium Conversion Planning Department Staff Time Ongoing Ordinance to preserve the existing supply of affordable rentals. 17. Provide information on loan programs Rehabilitation CDBG Ongoing and fix -up techniques through the Coordinator Rehabilitation Program. 18. Review existing City ordinances and energy Planning Staff City Funds Ongoing programs from other jurisdictions. Develop energy policies, if necessary. Insure that housing costs are not affected. 19. Determine the need for pre -sale code Planning Staff Report City Funds 1986 inspections. 20. Continue the City's Energy Commision's City Manager City Funds Ongoing activities. 21. Investigate and pursue other federal, Planning Staff, Staff Tme, Ongoing state, and county funded programs available Rehabilitation CDBG for expansion of Rehabilitation activities. Coordinator 46 SECTION 5. HOUSING PROGRAM 0 • • 0 • HOUSING SECTION 5. HOUSING PROGRAM 47 FIGURE 3-P. CUPERTINO'S HOUSING PROGRAM: 1985-1990 (Contlnueo Quantified 04ectives and/or Action Responsible Agency Funding Source Time Implimenting Frame PROMOTE HOUSING ACCESSIBILITY 22. Refer individuals experiencing Planning Department Staff Time Ongoing discrimination to the Midpeninsula Citizens for Fair Housing or other such organizations. 23. Refer landlord/tenant complaints to a Planning Department Staff Time Ongoing mediation board established by the City and operated by Operation Sentinel. 24. Continue to support the Midpeninsula Santa Clara County CDBG Ongoing Citizens for Fair Housing through the . counties CDBG program. SECTION 5. HOUSING PROGRAM 47 I 1 1 1 1 �so 1 1< 1 14 � CIRCULATION 1 I 16 1 1 1 J CIRCULATION The Circulation System has a considerable influence upon the pattern of land uses and the quality of life enjoyed by a com- munity's residents. Communities have the responsibility to ensure that the Circulation System is attractive, efficient, and that the system does not unduly impact the local environment. The following sections set forth the goals and policies of the City of Cupertino with respect to the movement of people and goods within the com- munity. The term "circulation" is used to describe the comprehen- sive network of streets, highways, bikeways, trails and pathways, and vehicle movements such as buses, car and van pools, etc. State policies de-emphasizing new highway construction, impending fuel shortages, consistently high inflation rates, rumors of re- cession, a continually growing base of jobs and housing, and the pressure to reduce public spending will complicate the job of pro- viding a well-balanced Circulation System which meets the region's needs. The uncertainty of future reliance on personal automobiles as the primary means of travel has shaped the preparation of these policies. Cupertino must approach circulation planning with policies which are flexible and which provide for options or alternatives to the automobile. While providing flexibility, the Circulation Element must be definitive enough to guide local government transportation/ circulation decisionmaking and expenditures over time. TRAFFIC VOLUMES AND SERVICE LEVELS Cupertino began as a suburb of the North Santa Clara County employment centers, which are located in the Cities of Mountain View, Sunnyvale, Santa Clara and Palo Alto. Cupertino has grown to incorporate a mixture of low and moderate -density housing, with diverse commercial and industrial facilities. With the exception of the significant increase in the job base in the City of Cupertino, the West Valley Cities of San Jose, Saratoga, Campbell and Los Gatos have developed primarily as suburbs, placing Cupertino along the commute path to the northerly job base. Thus, the street network has become heavily congested with increasing volumes of peak hour commute traffic. ' The problem is complicated to a large degree by the lack of regional transportation facilities along the Highway 85 Corridor. Most of the West Valley communities, including Cupertino, have ' based their General Plan density levels upon completion of high- way facilities along this right-of-way. Lack of these improve- ments will become increasingly critical as the population and job base continues to grow. 1 4-1 I 1 1 I 1 1 1( 1 1 1 1 1 s 1 CIRCULATION 4 While most of the growth is likely to occur in the southern portion of San Jose and Santa Clara County,l the pressure on the existing transportation network will be considerable. Figure 4-A displays the present (1977-1979) traffic -volumes on major streets and freeways within the Cupertino area. The fig- ures have been obtained from 1977 CalTrans estimates, the City of San Jose Public Works Department, and traffic volume studies by the City of Cupertino. i�.400 LlL19O0 O E N • Y"�MriM.> ao. 1 740p0 9Q C,Oo IZI.00o 1 Sa 'jg raawrw hi CL00 q r y ❑ e � c+Ov 7G .ems awe. p 0 a g N z� Lfi eo leo = 6 w p. a 3 d 9 4 S 161&URc 4-A A*KA(: RAIL( TI�Aff'1G GF ORTS - 19-7- - 19-19 Armpj 1-S 1 MA- OM GOLLt1T�KS `"Fi "� x"19 L pv um5 memesew A>TCOXI"M gowmI;S LOMI'IMD tIZ174A Tr_srrJc 44VNTS sp-TNeeu 19-14.1919 s} M&Ur_t0G OSTA4990 ".L*A ,o.c� C u � �1SPb_17<'TO0N 19"f -F VGWMF•3 MAY V6CY UN O¢GuPt%>`T1N0 LpMpRYJ1�}ISIVB I�KAI 'MW (1) Draft Report of the Association of Bay Area Governments "1980-2000 Population/Employment/Fousing for the San Francisco Bay Area - Projections 1979". I I I I I I --I I I 1 I I I I CIRCULATION 4-3 I 1 CIRCULATION 4-4 Traffic volumes by themselves do not reflect.the impact of the increasing traffic levels. Figure 4-C estimates the level of service (congestion) at selected intersections in Cupertino, based upon intersection capacity analysis conducted by the Traffic Division of the City of San Jose and City of Cupertino Public Works Department. QLnawwwawIV �9 � aswsasas vn i +ala s �a. asiatr�e o0 30 �a 9P PEAK H0026516rM.wmawn fem4l(. \O UM% coAn raan.vfwac pns a+s Table 4A Traffic Service Levels Level of Service Technical Definition Short Definition A Free Flow (Relative) Cood, no congescf B Stable Flow (Slight Delay) Some congestion C Stable Flow (Acceptable Delay) Congestion D Approaching unstable Flow (Tolerable Delay)High Congestion E unstable now (High Delay) Near breakdown F Forced Flow (Jarred) Breakdown 16 1 1 CIRCULATION 4-5 The City of Cupertino Public Works Department estimates that peak hour traffic delays at major arterial intersections (De Anza Boulevard, Foothill Boulevard, Wolfe Road, and Stevens Creek Boulevard) and major collectors (Stelling Road) approximate D and, in some cases, may equal an E level of service. It seems apparent that the increasing volumes are having a major impact on the ease of movement in the City, especially during the peak traffic hour. The Core Area Circulation planning in Cupertino attempts to respond to antici- pated major development according to the long range General Plan Circulation planning for the City's 1973 General Plan Land Use Element attempted to establish the ultimate number of travel lanes on Stevens Creek and De Anza Boulevards, (later set at 8 total) and then to correlate the lane demand with ultimate build -out intensity of vacant properties adjoining those boule- vards. Using a sophisticated traffic generation/simulation "model", developed by the State Transportation Planning Division, a numerical relationship was created which established the traffic -generating capacity of a particular use on a particular site, and expressed that traffic volume as a component of total vehicle volume demand at the evening commute hour. That numeri- cal relationship is termed a "trip -end" and has been used by the City Council as a condition of zoning or land use approval to restrain local development and its associated traffic along De Anza and Stevens Creek Boulevards within the total commute -hour vehicle -carrying capacity of eight lanes. The 1975 Hillside Land Use Plan The 1975 Hillside General Plan evaluated the impact of several plan alternatives and density levels upon the major service roads (i.e. Foothill Boulevard, Stevens Creek Boulevard, McClellan Road, Bubb Road, and Stelling Road). The approved alternative tied dwelling unit density to the slope of the land, generally allowing more intense construction at the flatter elevations, and fewer units on steeper ground. The plan projects about 1200 dwelling units within the Urban Service Area, and about 800 more beyond the Urban Service Area expansion line. While most of the resulting lane demands could be accommodated as new development occurred along the affected service roads, it was necessary to implement a Plan Line for the Portion of Stevens Creek Boulevard between Foothill Boulevard and Bubb Road. nd Use Element r the Core Area c. 1973(Res.113592) Hillside General Plar EIR - June 1976 (Res. 114192) I CIRCULATION 4-6 n vle'l suz TnMsV- SNPI r- -- %aww nc Raro rMwwe 1 i Ory- COUWN Po" 1 ZOM ! to r: Stevens Creek Boulevard Plan Line_ The Stevens Creek Boulevard Plan Line, adopted in 1978, imple- mented the Hillside General Plan by establishing a maximum de- velopment setback to accommodate a four -lane option for Stevens Creek Boulevard between Foothill Boulevard and Bubb Road. Essentially,,the "Plan Line" represents an option to implement widening of Stevens Creek Boulevard should future traffic con- ditions and Hillside development so warrent. The Plan was developed amid concern that a..widenina of streets may tend to attract traffic from other heavily -congested road= ways. Responding to this concern, City Council policy specifies that actual construction of the roadway cannot begin unless it is deemed essential, based upon future traffic analysis. Stevens Creek Blvd. Plan Line Study Action Plan Feb. 1978 (Res.l14645 1 1 1 CIRCULATION 4-7 Summary of Past Planning The above studies collectively represented the Circulation Ele- ment previously in effect in the City of Cupertino. However, reconsideration of policies and conclusions respecting future traffic conditions in the City are now necessary since some of the assumptions used in prior analyses are now questionab3s, ?lost significant among these dubious assumptions is completion- of- Rau" 85 thr6ugl3 Cupertino,,out to Highway 101 in South San Jose.. This issue is ragional in scope and is in- credibly complex; a more complete discussion of its history and ramifications follows in the next section of this Element. Past circulation planning has evolved on the basis of restrictive constraints on local and through -traffic. It is reasonable and necessary to continue these traffic constraints pending the out- come of outside agency actions and some more definite informa- tion on the type of transportation facilities which can be ex- pected along the 85 right -of way. TWE REGIONAL INFLUENCE State Highway Construction As the previous discussion indicates. Cupertino has long recog- nized that it cannot plan its Circulation System apart from regional considerations. Indeed, the regional impacts are the greatest problem facing the transportation system today. All of Cupertino's past transportation planning has assumed partici- pation by the region toward completion of the Highway 85 Freeway to Highway 101 in South San Jose. The City of San Jose has modified its General Plan to accommo- date some industrial uses at the southerly portion of the com- munity, and may have actually arrived at more restrictive urban containment policies as a result of a lack of transportation facilities along the 85 right-of-way. Nevertheless, it can still be projected that significant levels of congestion will result if no transit facilities are constructed along the 85 corridor within the foreseeable future. There are still many questions outstanding relating to the timing and type of trans- portation facilities which may be provided along the 85 right- of-way. ight- of-way. While the likelihood of complete freeway construction to High- way 101 seems slim today, the need for some transporation facil- ities along the 85 right-of-way is even more apparent. -Cupertino streets cannot continue to absorb increased peak hour traffic volumes without accompanying increases in congestion, longer peak periods, and near -breakdown levels of service at intersectim Maintaining some reasonable level of traffic flow at all times during the day is basic to the ability of a community to provide efficient emergency response, and to reasonably protect residents I 16 1 I1 7J CIRCULATION 4-8 from excessive levels of pollution, noise and delay. Cupertino traffic planning is similarly dependent upon the transportation planning of State freeways, County expressways, and neighboring City arterials. If these arterials are heavily congested or at near breakdown, traffic seeking the path of least resistance will be attracted to Cupertino streets and raise the level of congestion and service equivalent to the sur- rounding streets. The Santa Clara Valley Corridor Evaluation Study has two recom- mendations for meeting future transportation needs in the County . which are of prime importance to the City of Cupertino. Under the general topic of Freeway Improvements, the study suggests that ex- tension of the 85 Freeway to Saratoga -Sunnyvale Road be considered and that Highway,280 be expanded to 8 lanes. Also, the study recog- nizes the immediate necessity of preserving the 85 right-of-way. The circulation policies affirm Cupertino's support of these find- ings, but with stronger emphasis on completing the improvements. The report further recommends that "the bus system should -be expanded to approximately 750 buses to provide adequate local and express service within the urban limits". With the present level of urban densities and.in light.of the tremendous invest- ment in roadways in the Santa Clara Valley, buses probably represent the most cost-effective form of mass transportation. Rail forms of mass transit are very costly, in terms of acqui- sition of right-of-way and capital investment, with only limited effectiveness especially in a low-density suburban setting. Countv Transit Services The present bus fleet consists of approximately 300 buses serv- ing an'area of approximately 240 square miles. The Santa Clara County Transit District's Transit Development Program, fiscal years 1980-1984, projects that the fleet will be expanded to 516 buses by fiscal year 1982. Presently, the system covers about 60% of the service area population, and operates at approximately thirty -minute headways (time lapse between buses). Headways vary significantly, depending upon the function of the individual line. The 516 -system is projected to reach approxi- mately 80% of the County population and reduce headways to fifteen -minute intervals during the peak commute hours. The Transit District is pursuing a broad range of goals and objectives, emphasizing environmental quality and the need to serve all of the people in the District boundary. The District is attempting, to achieve a balance between the politically sensitive goal of providing reasonable service to all people and the objective of maximizing efficiency. From an efficiency standpoint, the Corridor Study projects that "transit could carry up to 12% of the work trips during peak travel periods" (Santa Clara Valley Corridor Evaluation Summary, Page 6). Cupertino has a special interest in seeing that Santa Clara Valley Corridor Evaluation AAAG/MTC Joint Policy Committee March 1979 it Development am FY 80-84, Clara County it District ary 1979 CIRCULATION the bus system is effective in reducing personal automobile commute trips on the arterial streets and freeways. The policy section of this Element suggests that Cupertino support region- al approaches to meeting transportation needs of County resi- dents. Cupertino must also strongly emphasize the need to ' meet the commute trip demand. The Corridor Evaluation Study seems to support the commute emphasis, as reflected in the fol- lowing comment: i"..Expansion beyond the basic 500 -bus system should emphasize express service to'downtown'San'Jose, express service from residential terminals to jobs in the industrial parks, and feeder to the Southern Pacific and regional bus connections with BART." ' Santa Clara Valley Corridor Evaluation Summary, adopted by ABAG and MTC Joint Policy Committee, March, 1979, Page 18. ' Cupertino should encourage the Transit District to evaluate in auantitative terms the relative effectiveness of transit opera- tions on reducing arterial street volumes and congestion levels. Figure 4-E reflects the existing bus routes which serve or are planned in the Cupertino area. The bus lines reflected in Figure 4-E will be changed frequently to respond to demand. How- ever, it is expected that the Vallco Regional Shopping Center will continue to serve as a major transfer station for the ' West Valley. The transfer station facilities in Vallco Park are anticipated to be constructed during the 1979-1980 fiscal year. '1 4-9 � '<(�. ��eou•� iso i 'yl ' - . 71 '""(r. ^:� Tho ( - MEP -- •� UABS h P16WH 4E Ex15Tlti(� PL1M1roEp 8uS LINES cmroa cupsTrm• comprehensive pian E l 4-9 I 1 1 l 1 CIRCULATION 4_10 Balancing Jobs and Housing Oftentimes, the best solution to a major problem is to address the root causes which have created the problem itself. The region, under the auspices of ABAG, encouraged communities to evaluate their land use policies to more closely align the number of jobs offered in the community with the number of resident workers in that community. The regional agencies encourage com- munities to seek a "jobs/housing balance" to counter some of the market pressures which force up housing prices in job -rich com- munities, and to reduce long commutes from outlying suburban areas. At build -out of the General Plan, Cupertino will have an esti- mated jobs and housing imbalance of approximately 1.15 jobs pPr resident worker. The implication of this ratio is that Cupertino will need to construct an additional 3,000 homes to achieve a one-to-one jobs/housing balance. Given foreseeable market constraints, limited availability of land, and the econom- ic forces which have resulted in the present imbalance, it is not reasonable to expect Cupertino, nor any other community in the County, to achieve a perfect balance. However, communities should make a reasonable effort to increase residential densi- ties, where practical, and limit creation of new jobs in severe imbalance situations. Cupertino has responded affirmatively to the problem by increasing permissible Core Area housing densi- ties, and by limiting industrial and commercial expansion within the Core Area. Additionally, Cupertino has adopted the Below -Market rate Hous- ing Program, which is aimed at ensuring that a portion of all new medium -density housing developments are available at a range of housing prices to accommodate a variety of income categories. Cunertino's program prioritizes those moderate -income families in which the primary wage earner is employed within the Cupertino area. 'The program has a secondary benefit of off -setting the natural economic tendencies which locate higher - income families near the job base and force moderate -income families to seek housing far from the employment source. Several other Santa Clara County communities have implemented or are considering below-market rate programs, which increases the potential for a successful impact. Cupertino should continue to encourage other communities within the Santa Clara Valley to respond to the need to provide a closer jobs/housing balance, and incorporate programs aimed at providing a r2nge of housing prices. Housing pages 3-22, 3-23 Policies 3-8, 3-9 I 16 1 1 1 1 (� 1 1 1 1 CIRCULATION 4.11 DESCRIPTION AND FUNCTION OF THE CITY'S CIRCULATION NETWORK Motorized Vehicular Network The Vehicular Circulation network presently serving the City of Cupertino consists of approximately 100 miles of streets, expressways, and freeways. The following table lista the spec- ific streets by category and length: Table MB Cupertino Vehicle Circulation Network Street Type Length in Miles State Freeways 6 miles Highway 280 Highway 85 State Highways 2 miles De Ants Boulevard/Saratoga-Sunnyvale Rd. Arterials 11 miles Foothill Boulevard Stevens Creek Boulevard Bollinger Road Wolfe Road/Miller Avenue Homestead Road Collectors 15 miles McClellan Road Stelling Road Blaney Avenue Tantau Avenue Rainbow Drive Bubb Road Local Streets 68 miles TOTAL 102 miles Streets are typically designed and planned to serve a specific function. The following table describes the general definition and purpose of the above categories of streets. I 16 1 1 1 CIRCULATION 4-12 Function of Streets Freeways A divided arterial highway with full control of access and with grade separations at intersections. The primary function of a freeway is to accommodate through vehicular travel uninterrupted by grade crossings. Expressway A divided arterial highway with.£ull or partial control of access and generally with grade separations at major intersections. The function of an expressway is to provide through -access to free-.: ways, major arterials, or activity areas. ' - Arterial 1 L� 1 A highway primarily serving through -traffic usually on a continu- ous route with limited access to adjacent properties. The_ primary function of an arterial is to provide access through an area or to or from collector streets, freeways, expressways, in . an expeditious manner. Arterials usually accommodate significant community facilities such as commercial, industrial, public and quasi -public uses. Disruption of traffic flow by adjacent proper- ties is discouraged as delays are typically not tolerated. Collector Streets ' Usually a 2-4 lane roadway which functions to provide access from local residential streets to arterials, expressways, freeways, or between activity centers. Usually, direct access to adjacent ' properties is allowed as slower speeds and greater delays are typically tolerated. ' Local Streets Usually a two-lane roadway which principally functions to provide access to the properties (usually residential) which abut the ' street. It is not intended to carry through -traffic except on selected local streets which serve the dual function as a sub - collector or connector. Local streets provide the network by ' which service vehicles such as postal services, school buses, moving vans, etc. and emergency vehicles such as fire, police, and ambulances attain access to residential districts. Figure 4-F displays the vehicular circulation network presently ' serving the City of Cupertino. 1 CIRCULATION 4-13 .i tom/ ".�1 y li., '.�._ J• r1� ,i _ t to oil % LC �' ea v M&URD 4•r VEHIGULA� Gll'GUL4TON NETWG 9fAR ►RcdNYS COLWifJpR quYflNf. C.CKTiK(s rICDPtlSED �„' I RORJbED ����� AC16R✓.l5 CITY of ClPERTINO •COR' 161161ve plan Note 1: The final delineation of the street network in the McClellan, Santa Paula and Mira Vista area will be decided in context of specific hearings following adoption of this plan. The policies of the Circulation Element will be of prime import- ance in considering the role and function of streets in this area. Note 2: Mary Avenue overpass represents a long-term improvement which will have to be evaluated for its effect on the adjacent neighborhoods, traffic volumes on Stelling Road, and relative improvement of access to De Anza College. Note 3: Bollinger Road extension should be evaluated to determine the amount of relief it will bring to McClellan Road. The roadways specific alignments will be evaluated to minimize severing of parcels and retention of the most logical parcel size. I 16 1 1 CIRCULATION 4-14 BIKEWAYS/TRAILS AND PATHWAYS Specially marked bikeways in the City are displayed on Figure 4-G All City roads not designated as freeways are legally and routinely used by bicyclists. Cyclists generally find little difficulty sharing Cupertino's upgraded roads with motorized vehicles since adequate outside lane widths are provided. Short stretches of unimproved outside lanes, such as presently exist on Stevens Creek Boulevard, McClellan Road, and Stelling Road, can require cyclists to.share the vehicle travel lane.. The City is searching for funding sources to eliminate these problem spots. k� 1► l 3fi O TGVEN � GCrc GIM LGvA D ` T �" i U i� \ � I � -.• 1 ryc d�� PE+Gr 11 / b ri�lrs 4�. BIKE LA Ae6 EXISTVJb t?Ntl �•••••� r'[Oro%&D 44XWTi TUNK VWW- �� ���y-�/?RryOrP5eDD 1�AN1�'•b� • • • • • OTNEr nr rpoov-6 LrA CI 1 i VI CUPS 11 N O- �i ve p1m Pedestrian walkways, trails, and Pathways are provided through- out the urbanized area and in some portion o•f:the hillside area surrounding Cupertino. Also, Cupertino has participated in a Program to increase mobility of the handicapped through the 1 CIRCULATION 4-15 placement of ramps at intersections to aid access to the side- walk system. The trails and pathway plan of the Inter -City Council is modified to reflect changes by our Planning Commis- sion and City Council (see Figure 4-H). 1 The trails and pathways network is intended to provide access through the City of Cupertino, Los Altos, and Mountain View to the San Francisco Bay. Additionally, the trails and pathways 1 plan provides access into and through Cupertino's foothils in conjunction with the open'space lands owned by the Mid -Penin- sula Regional Open Space District and the County of Santa Clara. 1 1 1 Er .. e r. ...OF -1 I 16 1 1 1 1 1 1_ 1 1 1. 1 1 1 1 CIRCULATION 4-16 CIRCULATION ISSUES AND POLICIES Circulation Goal: Promote a balanced Circulation System which is integrated with the regional system, which offers flexibility for the future by accommo- dating a variety of forms of transportation, and which minimizes negative environmental and social impacts on the community. The multi -faceted single goal emphasizes the need for a policy framework which simultaneously strives to achieve all of the objectives stated in the goal. Compromising any one of the ob- jectives may severely compromise the quality of life and future function of the circulation network. The following sections will concentrate upon major policy areas which will continue to con- front Cupertino in the 1980's. COMMUTE TRAFFIC Regional Participation Policv 4-1:The City of Cupertino should actively participate in the development of regional approaches toward meeting the transportation needs of residents within the Santa Clara Valley. � STRATEGY 1. Advocate priority improvement of the Highway 85 corridor to Saratoga -Sunnyvale Road or Prospect Road, as determined to be the most advantageous, and retention of options for transportation im provements and implementation of multi -modal facilities along the remainder of the Highway 85 corridor. 2. Support expansion of the County Transit District bus fleet to 750 vehicles, and prioritizing ex- press services aimed at meeting commuter needsz - Cupertino has gone on record supporting immediate improvements along the Highway 85 corridor. The local street system cannot continue to accommodate regionwide demands without unacceptable levels of delav, congestion, noise, and air pollution. Cupertino has done everything within reason to accommodate through - commuters on Stevens Creek Boulevard and De Anza Boulevard. I CIRCULATION 4-17 Both streets are planned for eight lanes, signal interconnect ' systems, and have restrictive development constraints which limit the intensity of new development to control the level of traffic generation in the area. The City does not intend to ' widen its roads to any greater capacity, or further constrain local development to accommodate through -commuters, and must look to the region to address the long-term needs of West Valley residents. 1 Cupertino supports the conclusions of the Santa Clara Valley Corridor Study, which recommends expansion of Highway 280 to ' eight lanes, preserving the 85 right-of-way, and improving the Highway 85 right-of-way to the southeasterly end of the community. ' Cupertino supports a multi -modal approach, utilizing some vehi- cular lanes in combination -with bike paths, preferential vehicle lanes, and future transit facilities as the most likely and desirable alternative for affected communities. 1 Cupertino has consistently advocated short-term extension of improvements along the Highway 85 corridor. The State should ' consider whether Saratoga -Sunnyvale Road or Prospect Road is the most logical termination point in terms of minimizing conflict- ing turning movements and impacts on adjoining roadways, and in terms of best serving the needs of motorists. The extension of improvements along the West Valley Transporta- tion Corridor will absorb much of the peak hour congestion levels presently impacting Cupertino's arterials and collector streets. Extension of this roadway is not expected to result in any additional congestion which is not already being experi- enced by the surrounding communities, and it is expected to sig- nificantly relieve Cupertino's congestion. Complete system im- provements are also deemed to be essential to ensure that ' Cupertino and the immediate vicinity is not continually impacted as Countywide levels increase. ' If it becomes apparent that short-term improvements along the 85 right-of-way will be prolonged indefinitely, or not installed at all, Cupertino will have to reassess the General Plan and its policies with respect to accommodating through and commute ' traffic. Cupertino may have to undertake a very defensive posture with respect to through -commuters and cease any addi- tional local commitment to moving through -commuters over local ' streets. CONSTRAINTS ON LOCAL GENERATION OF TRAFFIC Policy 4-2: The City will strive to maintain a reasonable level of traffic movement,especially during the peak traffic hour, by imposing reason- able limits on Core Area land use to ensure that ' principal thoroughfares are not unduly impacted by locally generated traffic during the peak traffic hour. 16 1 CIRCULATION STRATEGY Limit right-of-way capacity for De Anza'and Stevens Creek Boulevards to a maximum of eight lanes, through the implementation of the 16 trip -ends per acre con- straint on development in the Core Area. As we have seen in the discussion of past transportation plan- ning, the City of Cupertino has gone beyond the mere system improvements and attempted to modify some of the root causes of traffic congestion. In addition to supportive concepts addressed under the jobs and housing imbalance issue, Cupertino has con- strained local Core Area commercial and industrial generation of traffic to fit within a projected lane demand by lowering the building/land ratio. Further, the City has constrained traffic - generating activity timing at Vallco Park, and has restricted development capability in the Hillside Planning Area. These actions have been viewed as consistent with the public interest in providing reasonable commute -hour traffic movement through the community. STREET NETWORK DESIGN AND EFFICIENCY Street Network Improvement The Cupertino street network is close to completion with only a few relatively minor but often costly improvements. Thus, the Citv must be careful to prioritize only those improvements which will not compromise the overall circulation goal, and which will achieve the greatest degree of inprovement.for the money. The Circulation Element must function to set direction for the re- maining improvements to guide future Five -Year Capital Improve- ment programming. Appendix item B generally reflects the system improvements needed to complete the vehicular circulation network. The devel- opment -triggered improvements are deemed necessary to accommo- date additional or planned build -out under the General Plan. Policy 4-3: The City should strive to complete and maintain an efficient and attractive local circu- lation network. STRATEGY 1. Include bikeways on all streets designated on the planned bikewav network on Figure 4-G. 2. Include roadway system improvements which en- hance the visual aua?.ity of the urban environ- ment, incorporating medians, landscaping, etc. where deemed desirable. Traffic Intensity Performance Standard Policy Manual July 1977 Construction Phasing Memo for Vallco Park July 15, 1974 page 2-40 Community Character Section I CIRCULATION 4-19 3. Continue high level of maintenance on streets and public rights-of-way. ' Policy 4-4:To ensure that major developments anti- cipated under the General Plan do not severely compromise the level of service on local streets, ' the City will require a traffic evaluation at the time of filing of the final development plans for any major developments. Due to the lack of adequate regional transportation systems, de- velonment anticipated under Cupertino's General Plan may place a slightly additional burden upon local streets and add to con- gestion levels. Although these impacts are expected to be rela- tively minor, they should be evaluated to determine if these developments should participate in major off-site improvements to ease the flow on the adjoining local streets, and to determine the approoriate internal circulation systems. Arterial Street Access Limitations Under the preceding section dealing with the function of the City's transportation system, arterial streets were defined as major through -carriers on which direct access to adjacent Proper- ties should be limited. Limited access ensures a minimum degree of disruption of the traffic flow on the major arterial. The above approach oftentimes requires implementation of reciprocal private driveway easements to adequately serve all property owners. Cupertino implemented this concept in the context of the North De Anza Boulevard Conceptual Plan, and along Stevens Creek Boulevard and Wolfe Road to varying degrees. Policy 4-5: Direct access from adjoining properties to major arterial streets will be discouraged. Access shall be provided through the interconnection Of private driveway networks to connecting side : streets or other major entrance points, unless con- sidered unsafe or impractical due to the established development pattern. Street Standards Streets in the Valley Floor section of Cupertino have tradition- ally been developed to a right-of-way width of 60 ft. and c+irb- to-curb dimension of 40 ft. Smaller cars,'and'higher-street main- tenance costs, have encoura;ed use of narrower street widths in some locations. For instance, the Citv has permitted a 30 ft. curb -to -curb cross-section on many cul-de-sac streets in more recently developed subdivisions. Also, in the Plan Line Study for Stevens Creek Boulevard it allows street right-of-way widths 1 North De Anza Blvd. Conceptual Plan February 1976. CC page 2-38 Land Use/Community Character page 2-11 Policy 2-8 1 I 1 1 1 1 CIRCULATION 4-20 of 50 ft. (corresponding to a 30 ft. street section) for many of the minor local streets in the 'Old Xonta Vista" area, to retain the character of the area and avoid unnecessary mainten- ance costs. Cupertino expects that the trend toward smaller cars, need to reduce maintenance costs, and the high cost of major street widenings in existing neighborhoods, will continue to encourage narrower streets in the future. Policy 4-6: The City of 'Cupertino will strive to limit street pavement widths within the circula- tion network, subject to engineering and capac- ity constraints. STRATEGY Generally; street improvements in existing neighbor- hoods will reflect the street width of the existing streets. New subdivisions will generally be improved to the following standards: Table 4-C Urban Street Standards Right -of -Way Pavement Street Type Width Section Local through -streets 56 ft. 36 ft. Cul-de-sacs and selected local streets 50 ft. 30 ft. Collector 2 -lane 60 ft. 40 ft. 4 -lane 84 ft. 64 ft. The hillsides represent a unique natural environment which pro- vides a visual backdrop to the community and a tremendous re- source for the future enjoyment of Cupertino residents. Subdivi- sion planning must be carefully reviewed to ensure that the street designs adequately serve the fire protection needs and accessibility needs to the hillsides without severely compromis- ing its function as an environmental resource. Policy 4 -]:Hillside subdivisions shall be closely reviewed to ensure that the street network con- forms with the design standards of the Hillside Subdivision Ordinance and represents minimal dis- ruption of the natural environment. CIRCULATION Table 4-D HILLSIDE STREET STANDARDS (From Hillside Subdivision Ordinance)* Right -of -Way Pavement Street Type Width Section Notes Urban Fringe Areas 1 Hillside Collectors 50 ft. 30 ft. 3 ft. shoulder each side. Major Roadways (greater than 10 40 ft. 24 ft. dwelling units) Minor Roadways (less than 10 30 ft. 20 ft. dwelling units) Private Driveways 5 or fever dwelling unite N.A. 18 ft. " 1 dwelling unit N.A. 12 ft. " 2 Semi -Rural Areae Major Roadways (greater than 10 50 ft. 24 ft. dwelling units) Minor Roadways and Cul -de -Sacs (lees than 10 40 ft. 20 ft. dwelling units) Private Roads 5 or fever dwelling units N.A. 18 ft. Driveways serving individual dwelling units N.A. 12 ft. turn -outs as required * Consult the Hillside Subdivision Ordinance for details regarding other impeovement requirements and standards. 1. Urban Fringe Areas: A development area with lots averaging less than 2.5 acru. 2. Semi -Rural Areas: A development area with lots averaging 2.5 acres or greater. 4-21 I CIRCULATION 4-22 U I 1 I 1 I ACCOMMODATING ALTERNATIVES TO THE AUTOMOBILE Alternatives to the automobile work toward increasing the system efficiency. However, these techniques go beyond simple effic- iency toward recognizing basic changes in lifestvle which are being impressed upon the community due to the shortage of fuel and increasing levels of congestion. Cupertino should encourage alternatives to the automobile to offset these constraints and offer options toward improving the quality of life for those people willing to take advantage of alternate modes. Bike lanes must be safe, and conveniently located. Buses must be frequent, have access to preferential lanes, where feasible, etc. These modes of travel require that communities rethink their priori- ties and de-emphasize the dollar commitment toward accommodating the personal low -occupancy vehicle. Policy 4-a:The City should promote a general de- crease of reliance upon use of personal automo- biles by accommodating and encouraging attractive alternatives. STRATEGY 1. Encourage the use of alternate transportation modes such as bicycles, motor bikes, buses, van and car pooling, and other techniques which increase vehicle -occupancy levels. 2. Provide space on the appropriate streets to accommodate bus turnouts, safe and conveniently accessible bike lanes and pedestrian paths. 3. Require on-site bicycle parking facilities in industrial and commercial developments. Policv 4-9: The City should continue to plan and provide for a comprehensive system of trails and pathways consistent with the regionally planned system. STRATEGY Seek innovative techniques to finance purchase of right-of-way and trail improvements. Bus turn -outs/ Shelters page 2-12 Policy 2-9 Strategy 2 Bicycle Facilities pages 2-12, 2-13 Policy 2-10 Strategy 3 CIRCULATION 4-23- MITIGATE 23 MITIGATE NEGATIVE ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACTS OF CIRCULATION SYSTEM ' The quality of life on local neighborhood streets have been severely impacted due to the present level of over -dependence upon the private automobile. Local residential streets have ' been subject to abuse from errant drivers and commute -traffic. Quiet and safe streets are the keystone of neighborhood quality of life. Residents who feel that their neighborhood is threat- ened by commute -traffic or abusive drivers should be assisted by t the City administration to attempt to mitigate such impacts where practical and feasible. Policy 4-10:The City should strive to protect the community from noise, fumes, and hazards generated ' by the City's transportation network. I I 1 ri 1 Policy 4-11 The City will strive to protect streets, which are not designed as major streets (as delin- eated on Figure 6), from intrusion of commute -traffic whenever practical and feasible through neighborhood traffic management programs. Policy 4-12:Cupertino will continue to study and implement techniques which discourage abusive . driving on local neighborhood streets, including intensified speed enforcement efforts, enforce- ment of State vehicle muffler laws, and review of traffic management strategies. Noise page 6-43 Policy 6-18 6-19 Community Character page 2-16 Policy 2-16 page 2-23 Policy 2-25 Residential Neighbor hoods page 2-17 Goal C Noise page 6-43 Policy 6-18 6-19 I 1 1 1 1 lo' 1 1 C 1 1 I 5 ENVIRONMENTAL RESOURCES ENVIRONMENTAL RESOURCES 5-1 Introduction 1 Until recently, public attitude toward land was influenced to an ' overwhelming degree by economic considerations alone. Land was viewed as a commodity to be traded or built upon toward the end of maximum private profit with little regard for associated public costs or potential harm to the environment. The falla- cies inherent in this viewpoint are becoming apparent to many citizens and public officials. unchecked growth „and physical expansion create scarcity of urban lands, congest streets, inconvenience daily travel, degrade air and water quality, and intensify taxation burdens necessary to support hap- hazard, inefficient public service boundaries. ' As people become more conscious of the relationship between . quality of life and their community setting, decisionmakers are de- manding more sophisticated tools to assist their efforts.in-shaping physical form. The comprehensive plan is one of those vital tools used extensively in the City of Cupertino for day to day ' judgments on matters of public policy dealing with stewardship of the land. Open Space Planning The popular concept of an "Open Space" plan is its recreational land use emphasis; mainly, acquisition and development of public ' parks within a particular jurisdiction's boundaries. Actually, the Open Space Element is concerned with many things other than formally developed parks. Protecting water sheds and reservoirs, ' providing for viable agricultural activities in or adjacentto urban areas and creating opportunity for privately owned recreational sites are some of the policy considerations to be studied in the Open Space Element. Conservation Planning ' The term "conservation" calls to mind responsible human coexist- ence with plant and animal wildlife. The scope of concern is really far greater, though, as the Conservation Element should consider policies for responsible extraction of mineral re- sources, and the preservation of ground water recharge areas. The Conservation Element also takes on added importance under Calif. Environmental ' provisions of the California Environmental Quality Act. This Quality Act requires a comprehensive review of any development which might adversely influence the environment. The Cupertino General Plan is designed to incorporate much of the analytical content and mitigation policies required under CEQA, thus eliminating the need for project -by -project environmental impact reports in many cases. In judging the impact of a proposed development on the community, however, and in creating developed forms which fit the physical sensitivites of its surroundings, CEQA suggests use of the Conservation Element of the General Plan as a reference docu- ment. 11 I I ENVIRONMENTAL RESOURCES 5-2 Conservation and Management of Resources Human beings depend on natural and man-made resources for sur- vival. In making use of such resources, however, people are re- sponsible not to deplete.them, or render them.uAfit to be shared by other forms of life. The task of conservation is, therefore, a creative opportunity to appropriate wisely those resources de- manded by present needs and to assure the continued availability of those resources for the needs of future generations. Material discussed in this section of the Element inventories key re- sources found in the Cupertino Sphere of Influence and describes a policy approach for their use and preservation. AGRICULTURAL LANDS The trend toward'. urbanization of agricultural land has acceler- ated in recent years. In 1970, agricultural uses occupied about 23% of the City's Urban Service Area; by 1977 that figure slipped to only 89.. Ironically, the City of Cupertino like other Santa Clara County communities has one of the most favorable growing climates in California. Yet, agricultural activities here cannot compete with other areas within the State because of higher labor and water costs and diminished production efficiency. Figure 5-A depicts the approximate extent of a prime agricultural Class 1 and 2 soils. Even the flori-culture industry, which until re- cently has had much success, is suffering declines because of competition primarily from Latin American countries. The City of Cupertino currently has signed Williamson Act Con- tracts with two owners within the valley floor and a property owner owning land within the foothills. The locations of the agricultural preserves are shown on Figure 5-A. The Williamson Act properties will continue to experience economic pressure for intensive development and will probably not remain in cultivation for the long term. It is fair to conclude that while the William- son Act procedure has preserved some urban open space, and has offered the City some flexibility in regulating future uses on these sites, the law has had little effect in preserving prime growing lands within the City of Cupertino. Policy 5-1:Properties within the Urban Service Area of the City placed under Williamson Act contracts should also be designated on the General Plan Land Use Ele- ment for their anticipated "higher market" use in order to plan for future public service and utility infrastructure demands and to ensure future develop- ment patterns consistent with established community - character. 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'k(f/{i �, (l-.^7^=�, + .[-\ ' 4�'i ,.Ir , y i} 11 , ',�'�sti TRILULTu //- \ I vl� Lir u i !J 1 \ ,. 1 �.\\- \ J � \ Iti = `tib // ; �-..-•� • W r , \\ , l,! ' � 1�' 11 \'. < <f c ( Jir \\`�'�` .: p?. i,'IF` ` `'•.- ,'!f rJ/J `-�"'/ \ 1� t ' ':i,.. •''� t 't \\,, .,\ I/;t`\, %(: -, \ - �. \ !•• N r. r II \ �t ,+7t'\. r/t, e� GF�I�fCA I 7; �trr ` ti\ j -1't ( !� a'l\. �.'�:' 1 v �:.` i r!/ \\\ `�.�`-r.i i /JJ 1', \ \ 1 t �i •� l LZJi+ �.�+E.NT O� ii,r`• ( r \! rjt '!!t/! ,% !,•4/ r�/'•I .1 ��. .i \ll ,;✓ i <- _y"..:. 1, IA irfi2 AILii{'( i-T S ,r 7. r r, !J ,% ,. 6'/.r rr /.� I , ., / 'C. r •� �,� UKB,&,Ia ISVICE .AREA. ! \ / ''r/ / '✓y, � '' / r / !1 \\ �\ ti,_, r / i I r! 13oUtiDAK`( \�\ \ _ ,;. Y\� ///; (! -' � � 4/ . ` , I✓ -ice ` a\ it `� `� \\ rr l+ ,�j't , r ` 'i'.t�• ^ L .--fir ! /f t i ;�1 %1// i.. 1 \: t' 1f '�. �`" \ \ r ��'r : , i _ _ _ -� 'c , of _CUPERTINO comprehensive plan 1971, 1l,. ,�, /f! V:y `� jl7 r- +�i''i�lrJj ,r f r C,,1.j-A':^-��`` �.`� i`- 1 it � �J .1 .r, ✓� �. �` ,, _ u\ ..:�rr v,." v.., , i. ,a .. ... r :,or ,. - r,vr. .. rr.. -- :rn _ �'-•v.a. .wr i� r a,,. II II II II II 1 P ENVIRONMENTAL RESOURCES 5-4 Strategy 1. The -City -operated demonstration farm/orchard through' the Recreation Department Naturalist Program shallcontinue to serve as:a field :resource forschools and -youth service organizations. 2. Designate portions of "rural" urban parks such as McClellan Ranch for community vegetable gardens and provide training courses in horticulture through the Recreation Department's Leisure Activity Training Program. Policy 5-3: Agriculture or grazing should be encouraged in the hillsides as a means of preserving open space. However, grazing activities should be monitored fully by appropriate public agencies to prevent potential erosion. AIR QUALITY POLICIES Although air is one of the most basic and vital natural resour- ces, it is often treated as a dumping ground for the wastes of industrial, travel and recreation activities. Some foreign matter in the air supply is essential to sustain life as we know it. For example, without airborne dust particles around which to collect and form droplets, atmospheric moisture cannot fall to the earth as rain. For the most part, however, the air en- velope which surrounds our valley is often rife with substances which reduce visibility and which can be dangerous to human health. This section of the Environmental Resources Element des- cribes the most common air pollutants and their sources and out- lines policies which may help to offset and improve future air quality within the community. The primary authority for regulating the air quality rests with ' the Federal government under the auspices of the Clean Air Act. However, the day to day responsibilities are embodled in the regional Bay Area Air Pollution Control District which has de-. ' veloped an Air Quality Management Plan for the Bay Area. The air quality analysis contained within this document is drawn from that report. ' Principal Pollutants of the Air Basin Particulate Matter ' Particulate matter (airborne particles) result from natural sources such aswind erosion of the earth and mechanical processes ' such as aggregate extraction. Additionally, smaller particulates result from the operation of mechanical equipment.such as auto- mobile engines, tire wear and brake lining materials. While larger particles are rapidly expelled by the body's natural de- fense capabilities, very small particles can remain in the deep- est lung recesses for weeks and even years at a time. Some air- borne particulates are toxic in themselves or become so when com- bined with other products -in the air basin. Organic compounds Clean Air Act Air Quality Management Plan ENVIRONMENTAL RESOURCES 5-5 such as those emitted by inefficient solid waste or diesel fuel.. combustion have been identified as carcinogenic agents in the ' context of long-term exposure. Carbon Monoxide ' Carbon Monoxide is a product of incomplete combustion. About 907, of this pollutant in urban air is attributable to motor ve- hicle traffic. Carbon Monoxide displaces oxygen from the blood ' stream diminishing an otherwise healthy person's ability to per- form mentally and physically. Since carbon monoxide pollution is directly traced to automobile usage, higher concentrations of ' this element tend to follow highway patterns and are related to trip density, vehicle speed and congenstion. Table 5-B and Fig- ures 5-B and 5-C identify the California and national ambient ' air quality standards and described 1975 particulate and carbon monoxide distributions within the Bay Area. Kaiser Permanente By far the most significant stationary "point" source of air_.. pollution in the immediate vicinity of Cupertino is the Kaiser ' Permanente Plant on the fringe of the western foothills. The nature of their production processes contributes a, large quantipy of particulate matter and oxides of nitrogen as a principal com- ponent of photochemical smog to the City's and the Valley's air basin. The Kaiser Permanente Plant is undergoing an extensive remodeling of its manufacturing process and a change in fuel type for cement kilns from fuel oil to coal. ' A document prepared by Kaiser Cement and Gypsum supporting a categorical exemption (finding that the project does not require ' environmental assessment) for the modernization project found that the modernized plant will reduce total tons per day (TPD) of particles: Sulphur Dioxide and Nitrogen Oxide. Table 5-A is reproduced from the study. ' TABLE'.5-A ��- 1 t However, the document does not address probable particulate emis- sions resulting from the transportation, storage and crushing of coal. While the Permanente Plant operation poses some environmental hazard to the communtiy, the Plant also provides a product which is vital to the sustained growth of the region by fulfilling the Existing Modernized Percent of Production Facilities Facilities Existing Tons cement/year-millions 1.6 1.6 100 Emissions - TPD Particulates .97 .59 60 S02 12.3 5.8 48 NOx 20.8 13.9 67 However, the document does not address probable particulate emis- sions resulting from the transportation, storage and crushing of coal. While the Permanente Plant operation poses some environmental hazard to the communtiy, the Plant also provides a product which is vital to the sustained growth of the region by fulfilling the ENVIRONMENTAL RESOURCES 5-6 Table 5-11 Federal and California Ambient Air Quality Standards AVERAGING CALIFORNIA NATIONAL POLLUTANTS TIME STANDARDS STANDARDS Photochemical Oxidants 1 Hr. 0.10 ppm 0.08 ppm Carbon Monoxide 12 Hr. 10 ppm 8 Hr. 9 ppm 1 Hr. 40 ppm 35 ppm Nitrogen Dioxide Annual Average 0.05 ppm 1 Hr. 0.25 ppm Sulfur Dioxide Annual Average 24 Hr. 0.03 ppm 0.05 ppm2 0.14 ppm 1 Hr. 0.5 ppm Suspended Particulate Annual Geometric 60 75 Matter Mean ug/m3 1jg/m3 24 Hr. 100 ug/m3 260 uq/m3 Lead 30 Day Average 1.5 ug/m3 Hydrogen Sulfide 1 Hr. 0.03 ppm Hydrocarbons 3 (Corrected for Methane) 3 Hr. (6-9 a.m.) 160 149/m Ethylene 8 Hr. 0.1 ppm I Hr. 0.5 opn Visibility Reducing 1 In sufficient amount to reduce Particles Observation the prevailing visibility to less than 10 miles when the relative humidity is less than 705. 1 National standards, other than those based on annual averages or annual geometric means, are not to be exceeded more than once per year. National primary standards: The levels of air quality necessary, with an adequate margin of safety, to protect the public health. Each State must attain the primary standards no later than 1g82. In the case of photo- chemical oxidants and carbon monoxide, extensions to 1987 at the latest may be granted if certain conditions set forth by the Clean Air Act of 1977 are met. 2 With simultaneous violation of State 14mr oxidant standard or State 24-hour suspended particulate matter standard. ENVIRONMENTAL RESOURCES S_, 1975 ANNUAL WMOIZ6, *f " pF TOTAL 5lSf VAPEP pWnWI-XTr-- iN ug/m3 (BY HI-VOWME NVIiCC wrM aSEPZ-A55 FILMRS). Fo F -P /Eek_ ?0MNZ4 !6rMPAQP 15 75N9/m? STATE 3TPNm6Qv 15 9 CITYaf cLnERTm- colix-hengjvo plan ENVIRONMENTAL RESOURCES 5-8 aW SOLARO "Min 0 0 0 CONTRA COSTA SAN FRANC=Q 0 0 15 ELEVATION: c:l m ., 2.000' 0 10 W ld'L9S .; 0 0 0 A 32 m i Igr75 ARNUAI_ NWV;K Of-- DAYS W17j4 6AROOK MONOXIDE vaaoN 19 WDW-X- CrrY of CUPEFrnN0-coMwvtWW9'vQFlAw L 16 1 1 1 1 --, MA 1 1 1 1 ENVIRONMENTAL RESOURCES 5-9 demand for high quality building materials. The close proximity of the Permanente Plant to its primary market area also minimizes the need for importation of such materials saving energy, fuel and an additional degradation of air quality. Air Qualit Policies The circulation section of the General Plan contains policies which are designed to encourage alternative modes of transportation, to make the major arterial street system more efficient for cou®uters. The plan also encourages protection of single-family residential neighborhoods from through. com- mute traffic. The objective of increasing efficiency of traffic flow in the City will decrease congestion.. and therefore reduce air pollutant levels. The use of traffic management devices to discourage commute traffic in residential neighborhoods via cir- cuitous road systems, diverters, consecutive series of stop signs, etc. could be counterproductive from an air quality point of view. The recently adopted Stevens Creek Boulevard Plan Line/ General Plan Study demonstrated, for example, that the improve- ment of Stevens Creek Boulevard arterial would decrease conges- tion and, therefore, decrease pollutants. However, the study. also demonstrated that a diverter system involving Byrne Avenue and Orange Avenue would increase local neighborhood traffic and thus increase vehicle miles traveled, increasing air pollution within the neighborhood. The Stevens Creek Boulevard Plan Line Study contains quantitative data describing the above phenomenon. The traffic signal inter -connect system on Stevens Creek Boule- vard and De Anza Boulevard will save approximately 400,000 gal- lons of gasoline which if burned would add to the air quality problems for areas immediately adjacent to the roadways involved and to residents living downwind in other jurisdictions. Instal- lation of boulevard stop signs on Blaney Avenue, on the other hand, will increase gasoline consumption between Merritt Drive and John Drive. A study prepared for the boulevard stop signs estimates that approximately 140,000 gallons of gasoline will be expended as a direct result of the installation of five new stop signs over a one year period. On a micro -scale, the City of Cupertino's policy of discouraging drive -up window facilities will not measurably improve the air quality within the jurisdiction. However, a study of the quality implications of the policy indicates that, contingent upon the configuration of the drive -up window, patrons queuing in line with engines idling could be exposed to high levels of carbon monoxide and other pollutants. The potential levels reached could be dangerous to persons with cardiovascular or pulmonary diseases. The drive -up window prohibition policy results. in some inconvenience for handicapped individuals and parents who do not wish to supervise children during a banking transaction; however, the City's handicapped barrier removal policies and external walk-up windows help to ameliorate those problems. The following policies are suggested as feasibleactions of local government control which will help to increase the air quality for citizens within the community. Land use and transportation ;irculation Page 4-23 Traffic Signal Interconnect Feasibility Study, JHK and Associates Dec. 1977 Blaney Ave. Traffic Study, Cupertino Public Works Dept. Oct. 1978 Carbon -Monoxide and Sulfer-Oxide Levels Attributable to Use of Drive -Up Window Facilities, Professor Donald Myronik, Ph. D. Feb. 1978 ENVIRONMENTAL RESOURCES 5-10 related policies and regional policies adopted in conjunction with the Bay Area Air Quality Maintenance Plan are not listed. Policy 5-4:The City shall continue to assess the air pollution impacts associated with future City Land Use and Circulation planning efforts. Policy 5-5:Drive-up window facilities for financial in- stitutions, convenience restaurants, photo finishing businesses and similar establishments shall not be permitted. Policy 5-6:The City shall investigate the feasibility of acquiring more fuel efficient vehicles for municipal use. Policy 5-7:The City shall utilize the Cupertino Scene and other appropriate publications to inform residents of the danger of jogging and bicycling adjacent to heavily traveled arterial streets in terms of inhaling motor vehicle combustion pollutants. The City shall continue to expand its park course and jogging facil- ities commensurate with the demand for said facilities. __ WILDLIFE AND VEGETATION Animal habitations in the City of Cupertino are generally limited to the relatively less urbanized western foothills. Two main factors contribute to the minimal presence of non -domesticated animal life in the valley floor: First, the intensive use of the area by a large human population; second, the removal of available food sources and nesting vegetation as a result of fire control and weed removal, or building construction activity. Further, the domesticated animals introduced into the urban environment, such as dogs and cats, tend to react aggressively toward native birds and mammals, such as field mice,. squirrels, English sparrows, or other common species which inhabit open urban fields. Within the foothills, and especially within the streambed habitat of Stevens Creek, are found an abundant variety of birds, fish and mammals. Much of the preliminary reconnaissance for -the study of the City's wildlife environment has been conducted on a Countywide basis. Conceptual limitations of various habitat associations are described on Figure 5-D and are keyed to Table 5-C. rvw t; , kit \W11 aJ/JI�� kit, . /I'V� fit 1 PHI t r !!h' , fJ lflfll f t i� " " !/ >^'// ? \ kit!+ i ¢ \ ��� , � _.. l f. . ��frf lli `:`•` ' .>.`A VlX�)I Ili' VPI/ft , /IIAy`l / ; / �% t l4 / %1ir�/�., i� t'• ' !i( r�l%�/.f l ik r' r��it(tfti:, Nw Alf - r _ //r, � � '. � '/ Vt \� tt+,JJ -j,IYtoo Nk if - - .r . 'ha.;\\ t � ' t i r tl. r1 `. \,,��- a. :.�'+• f t �(t. % s ..\ / r itJro i J \�\: �� \\�'t. /ftir�•f i SMI 1i oto f i fl 1 \ / llk\ Jed I! ' ✓� /r !//�' 4 % J �' ♦. \.����L��t\1'(14�� (!(�t�`r iii rtf f///r/f//1i I���,/\�/r//'1� t�.t+ ti\ 't:' ;r •. ttc�\\Alt. v �/ �� ' 11 { ,, ri �• ,yam\. �%i� v�� l \JjIFI'Jrr+l( � �rJrff ��3�104 \�iAt�t ' kititN fel %:: \ , , rr,p+ip,, • . ' Vii, q,, t.%'J. �i tllUi\\Str,� \`` t\tl� . I kI if Yt \Av t i(\ \/..ijI \'t rltil :at` �,\ f }rr' (!/ 1// • %!/ /7 ' \ %f / (l \A\tip\ ♦ ' I ! { ( t Y n �rfr�r�'' ' \ i t!}i\ 1,7- I , Jft r � .:y '// � T`--•—'..� • , \� i( � JI fc'- � i •.:\\ fill, i�rl�!/1/Ji�i1f �`i�`�\�•i� I ;l 4 l,fl '1/r f/ ./ :!J(�j 1, .�\�( to, ;?%' •�7 Y t % ,rTY fl jet' \\. i! i\ // i,iJti%� !t•! i ,, r Ri�"�%I .\.'- \\- l`��i f �_ !f '`\ "�„"'\\"�^'t' il f.. �J I' r 1. r/!r/ � 'I ✓ � ♦ i `��.'. �' � ;: ,! 1 , r f IJ ✓ `',�. /. ;i r.l .i ,. /i - � 11 i\L \� + _ -. \. • // /%,` 1, ., a IL S — D VE�ET�TIoN ��SOcJ�GFs i .i "' - j 2 com 'rehensi e 1anA979 CITY of Ck1PERTINO . R � p 1 1 1 1 P 1 1 1 ENVIRONMENTAL RESOURCES 5-12 TABLE 5-C Fresh Water Associated, permanents: Fresh Water Associated, intermittent: Fresh Water Associated, flowing: Fresh Water Associated, flowing: Fresh Water Associated, wet soil: / Fresh Water Associated, wet Grassland: i Grassland: Chaparral: Chaparral: ozz� Foothill W06dland: Mixed Evergreen Forest: Coniferous Forest: 1. Fresh Water Association Lakes (reservoirs) - Seasonal marshes - Live streams intermittent streams - Riparian lands in valley floor - Riparian lands in canyon - Outer coast range grass- land Inner coast range grass- land - Hard chaparral in dry location Soft chaparral in wet - Redwood Forest Riparian vegetation is closely confined to the banks of Stevens Creek, a live stream flowing year round, and along the inter- mittently flowing banks of Regnart Creek and Heney Creek in the valley floor portion of the City. This association is rich in trees, shrubs, vines and herbaceous plants of many kinds and pro- vides a habitat for numerous varieties of birds and'animals not common in adjacent associations. Characteristic vegetative spe- cies are the Willow, Sycamore, Live Oak, Toyon, Blackberry Cattail and Spike Rush. The Yellow Warbler and Wilson's Warbler are two species of birds which are found almost exclusively in riparian habitats and are declining in population. Similarly, the Fox Squirrel, a riparian mammal, is also declining in num- bers. 2. Grassland Association ' The vegetative associations distinguished as Grasslands occur on the lower slopes of the western foothills, as well as at some of the higher peaks of the Montebello Ridge system. Dominant spe- cies include Yellow Star Thistle, Yellow Mustard, Wild Oats and Rye Grass. Much of the land area in this association was previ- ously used for pasturing domestic animals. Accordingly, many of the species of vegetation are introduced, but have adapted well ' to climatic conditions in the area and Eo occasional disturbance from grazing and development of adjacent areas for orchards. While not considered a rare species of wildlife, the Western Meadowlark depends upon a grassland environment for its living space. This bird has been identified as a permanent resident of the City's grassland environment, and is currently declining in its population. 1 I 16 ENVIRONMENTAL RESOURCES 5-13 3. Brushland Association ' The dominant species which compose this element are Coyote Bush, Poison Oak, varieties of Ceanothus and Wild Rose. These areas are generally encountered on steeper slopes, or in transition areas between riparian and woodland habitats in characteristic- ally dry locations. There are no threatened animal species ob- served in the Sphere of Influence within this association. ' 4. Foothill Woodland and Forest Association The foothill woodlands plant community is characterized by ' scattered trees with an undergrowth consisting in some areas of herbaceous plants and low shrubs. Higher elevations of the Montebello Foothills include mixed varieties of hardwoods and some coniferous varieties including redwoods. These woodlands serve ' a number of purposes in the vegetative eco -system. Aside from their obvious benefit to wildlife as food sources, shelter, nesting or cover,'these trees help to control erosion of 'soil from the various ' drainage basins occurring in the foothills and assist in moderating climatic conditions by reducing wind velocities, contributing to oxygen content of the atmosphere and neutralizing certain air pollutants. ' The foothill and mountain woodlands also provide aesthetic relief to the urbanized appearance of the valley floor. Seasonal vari- ation in color, variety of shape, and definition of hillside topography are all enhanced by the presence of the Montebello Ridge system's extensive tree cover. Endangered wildlife species ' found in this association are the San Francisco Garter Snake, and the Cooper's Hawk which is currently declining in population. ' Impacts and Mitigation The most destructive influence upon the existing state of flora and fauna in the Cupertino area is human activity, par- ticularly urban development and resource extraction. Urbanization of mountain areas, and construction of new housing adjacent to stream beds are likely to be destructive to vegetative cover. ' Grading for roads, building sites and leveling for septic tank drain fields also contributes to destruction of vegetation and suggests the potential for soil erosion. 1 As is more extensively discussed in the Public Safety Element of this General Plan, fire is another source of danger to the vege- tative resources of the City and to the'animals which depend on the various vegetative habitats for food and shelter. Actually, fire suppression is a mixed blessing in terms of the natural environment. On one hand, effective fire suppression maintains the scenic beauty of the wildlands, protects life and property and, on the surface at least, enhances wildlife habitat. ' On the other hand, wild fires area natural phenomenon. There are several plant species within the Santa Cruz Mountain environ- ment, particularly chaparral, that rely on periodic low intensity ' ground fires to germinate seeds and to eliminate unnaturally high Fire Hazard page 6-17 ENVIRONMENTAL RESOURCES growth levels of competing plants. Wildlife displaced from its customary habitats may be able to survive if a suitable environ- ment change can be found within the vicinity. If an adjacent ' habitat with the requisite food and shelter cannot be found in the face of encroaching development, and other human caused changes to the environment, certain animals may be forced fur- ther away from the urban fringe or out of the planning areas eco -system altogether. ' The following policies are suggested as a means of protecting and enhancing the valuable resources of animal and plant life for which the City of Cupertino is responsible. 1 Policy 5-8:Development of lands within the City's foot- hills, or adjacent to riparian environments shall be 'designed in a manner to minimize disturbance of natural ' vegetative cover and removal of specimen trees. ' Policy 5-9:Landscaping of properties in close proximity to natural vegetation should emphasize the use of na- tive plants and ground covers, particularly for control of erosion resulting from disturbance of natural ter- rain. Policy 5-10i Fencing on hillside property should be con- fined to a limited "building envelope", rather than an ' entire site, so as not to preclude migratory movements of wild animals. / Policy 5-11: Recreational use of lands in natural areas 1 should be limited to those kinds of activities that are compatible with preservation of natural vegetation, ' such as hiking, horseback riding and camping. Policy 5-12: Public access to Wildlife observation and fishing sites consistent with the preservation of im- portant wildlife habitat areas should be provided. MINERAL RESOURCES ' The City's western foothills contain several commercially signif- icant deposits of limestone, crushed rock, and the potential for quarrying of gravel and sand. Much of what is known of the mineral significance of Montebello Ridge and its associated foothills results froma study conducted ' by the California State Division of Mines and Geology. Signifi- cant excerpts from the findings of that study will be discussed in this section of the Element. Mineral resource areas are de- lineated on the General Plan land use map. 5-14 RHS Ord. No. 881 Sec. 8.,7 Fencing I I F ENVIRONMENTAL RESOURCES 5-15 Limestone The most prominent mineral extraction operation in the City's Sphere of Influence is the high grade limestone quarry operated by Kaiser Cement and Gypsum Corporation. This facility was opened in 1939 to supply cement for concrete construction of the Shasta Dam. While the actual terrain of the Quarry makes.certein estimates of the assured reserves of this resource impractical, recent capital investment in expansion of the Plant's reproduction processes will sustain output from this Plant for the foreseeable future. Crushed Rock Material sold as crushed rock is used for a variety of purposes including concrete aggregate, asphalt aggregate, roadway base and fill. Within the community's jurisdiction, the highest qual- ity crushed rock is the limestone chert material produced as a by-product of the Kaiser Cement and Gypsum operation in the City's western foothills. The Stevens Creek Quarry northwest of Stevens Creek Reservoir produces this material on an intermittent basis. Local demand for this high grade aggregate will also continue in response to sustained demand of regional population growth. Potential quar- rying sites of crushed rock exist in many locations of the Mon- tebello Ridge area. While the economic return to investors and operators of these facilities will determine the timing of their operation, sufficient space for extracting this material, includ- ing a suitable buffer between adjoining uses, should be consid- ered in implementing a mineral resource area. 1 Sand and Gravel No production of this commodity occurs currently in the Sphere of Influence, except for intermittent operation of the former Voss Quarry at the northwest edge of Stevens Creek -Reservoir. Again, as economic returns become more favorable in light of de- mand for these materials, further extraction operations can be expected to take place. ' Policy 5=13: The City of Cupertino should establish a mineral resource area designation to provide for the extraction of valuable mineral resources. Policy 5-14: Regulations pertaining to mineral extrac- tion shall include provisions for controlling air, noise and water pollution and scenic restoration. The controls shall apply to quarrying, processing and transportation. e _ I ENVIRONMENTAL RESOURCES 5-16 ' Policy .5-15:.. The City should investigate the desirabil- ity of designating abandoned quarry sites for specs- fied passive recreational purposes as a means of re- habilitating lands subject to mineral extraction. ' WATER RESOURCES Water is no longer considered an inexhaustible commodity but is ' recognized as a limited resource to be carefully managed. Al- though much effort has been devoted in recent years to water conservation and its various ramifications, the numerous agen- cies and levels of government concerned with regulating this C commodity have resulted in a fragmented and, at times, ineffec- tual approach to conservation efforts. ' Preservation of Watersheds The City's 16 square miles of hillside land are characterized by ' abundant vegetation and heavy rainfall which combines to produce a very productive watershed. It is important not only to the City of Cupertino proper but to the Countywide water supply pic- ture. In order to protect the quality of water within the City's drainage basin, it is important to ensure that grading plans for individual developments are prepared from the viewpoint of incor- porating erosion control measures. Erosion control eliminates ' the process of siltation which affects the visual quality of nat- ural water courses, reduces wildlife and diminishes ground water recharge capabilities of streambeds. ' ( Ground Water Recharge Facilities The Santa Clara Valley ground water basin is the largest supply of water in the County. The ground water basin has an estimated storage capacity of 1,770,000 acre feet of water compared to a total surface storage capability in the water district reservoirs ' of only 160,000 acre feet. In order to reduce the trend of over - drafting the underground water.basin through wells,'the Water District has initiated a recharge program. The key aspect of ' the ground water recharge program is the strategic siting of percolation facilities throughout Santa Clara Valley at loca- tions where the geological composition of soils are induc- ive. There are two such ground water recharge facilities within ' the City of Cupertino. Po11Cy5-16: The City of Cupertino shall continue to support the efforts of the Santa Clara Valley Water District to investigate and develop suitable ground ' water recharge sites within its sphere of influence, and where feasible to provide for public recreation uses of the completed facility. 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 ENVIRONMENTAL RESOURCES 5-17 Man -Made Water Resources Figure 5-E depicts the generalized service areas of the City's three major water suppliers. In addition to these sources, a private water service cooperative (i.e. the Reglin Mutual Water Company) serves a portion -of Regnart Canyon. There are three main water sources for the City of Cupertino: wells fed by ground water, surface run-off into Stevens Creek Reservoir, contributing to local ground water recharge and im- ported water from the Rinconada Treatment Plant. Currently, the City obtains approximately 1.6 million gallons per day from ground water draft and approximately 1.2 million gallons per day from the Rinconada Treatment Plant. Additionally, Stevens Creek Reservoir yields approximately 2,500 acre feet per year to seasonal run-off from ground water recharge. The Santa Clara Valley Water District has projected the total demand for domestic water in the City of Cupertino Service Area will approximate 6.85 million gallons of water per dayy by the year 1990, which is double the current yearly demand. It is not known whether con- servation measures will reduce the projected yearly consumption. In order to meet the projected demands for all water users within the County, the San Felipe Water Importation Project was approved and is currently under construction. In addition to water im- portation via the San Felipe project, the Santa Clara Valley Water District has studied the possibility of reclamation of waste waters for agricultural and certain industrial applica- tions. The District's findings indicate that a redundant imple- mentation of both the San Felipe project and widespread use of reclaimed water would overfill projected demands in the service area by approximately 40%. Additionally, agricultural irrigation in North County will substantially diminish to insignificant levels by the year 1990. Conservation of Urban Water Usage The City of Cupertino has rapidly evolved a dynamic employment base overwhelmingly oriented toward new technologies in the solid state electronics industry. One of the drawbacks associated with a concentration of such activity is the tremendous demands for domestic water required in the manufacturing process. These lo- calized demands become particularly acute in the City's indus- trial parks where groups of these industries are concentrated in a limited geographic space. Not only do certain product manu- facturers demand large amounts of water,in their fabrication process, but consequently discharge vast amounts of industrial waste into the sanitary sewer system. In response to the accelerated demand for industrial delivery of quality domestic water, the City of Cupertino should continue to work with Cupertino Sanitary District and other agencies involved in water conservation and waste water management to implement the following policies. •t:tj i i\. �.`Y �r „\`t•s It/ft '!tf'•�IniLc- (i 11 IV\ ril' /tiq tt.Ji, `M{'rWI� rI.-t.+.:,A..tl r7t( 1\i`\Ift-6t( / r ii\i�(\�i\+t. 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'l, // \\ o. :� \' j .�/ \ / r• r , / / f t( / i.. 1/ r l�.�/' •l r/. 1r / ! j/i�rlf�j 'J/ ✓ !'N' %I..._...� C ";\ /it t-'r.'i/ ./ 1L f r r, "! ` - r i --/i i, rt t- :f \+•.'�. -Ill"•, {� t A` i}•.,t�ltr /i/'.- ��ilc�t - 'i/ � .!�/L` A� � t ti%' •.. �^'jr' �(��`.- I t _ 'tti'i -_ !,. ...111 t• v j� \.\\\\l /ftf//% t :�.`t\ \.b f t %tt;i\ ti /!/ ✓.._}!%/t r L N / i anuas'n J1M OWL Bra L Ta eea bac d 17-4 i rini✓i .. /�rfG1 1/i1 t�l6UKf,� 5- E WL\TEK OT{l-1TY scKVIL� e A[zr--& 500NDL\21�`� ��� UKBAN t RV,C i A �A UM IT ����� saN sos� wale,; woRKs Aurorwk WATFr sxv GUPeRTINo WATer DTII -IT`( r UTnAI- sYSTW n � AL -ITY of CUPERTINO:comprehensive plan .1979 N8 16 1 d J 1 i� L1 ENVIRONMENTAL RESOURCES 1 5-19 Policy 5-17: The City of Cupertino should continue to implement and refine its water utility rate schedule to provide economic incentives for conservation. Policy 5-18: The City of Cupertino, in conjunction with the Cupertino Sanitary District, shall encourage industrial projects, particularly at the building permit stage of approval, to incorporate recycling equipment for manufac- turing and pooling water supplies in plant as long-term conservation measures. Policy 5-19: Natural creek beds should be retained in a natural state to facilitate ground water percolation. The City's Architectural and Site Approval Committee now requires, as a standard condition of approval for non-resi- dential projects, the extensive use of on-site drought- resistent and "native" plant species. Additionally, the Land Use/Community Character Section discusses the need for implementing a comprehensive landscape management plan to ensure long-range maintenance of irrigation equipment and plant material. These measures are intended to retain the high quality of visual appearance of domestic landscaping for which the City is well known without excessive demand on limited domestic water supplies. Public and private coopera- tion in this regard has been supported by the development community and should continue for the foreseeable future. ,ENERGY CONSERVATION The escalating costs of personal energy consumption, and the ever -decreasing availability of some of the vital sources of fuel upon which our current living standard depends, reinforce the critical need to increase our efficiency in the use of energy. To some extent, energy conservation is an individual responsibil- ity. Personal efforts to minimize energy abuse may prove more effective and less costly than a complex system of government regulations. This section of the Element discusses the current energy usage problem and suggests local policy options to encourage a positive approach to conservation. Reeional Perspective In 1972, the nationwide raw energy total equaled about 70x1015 BTU. Residential and commercial operations used about 19.5%; transportation 24%; industry 31%; and electrical utilities 24.5%. Households required an annual input of about 15x1015 BTU, of which more than one-half is discarded as waste energy. In particular, space heating consumes some 65% of the Land Use/Community Character page 2-13 policy 2-11 ENVIRONMENTAL RESOURCES 5-20 residential energy budget and results in about 80% of the quan- tity of wasted energy. At the same time, water heating consumed ' about 13% of the residential energy budget;lighting about 10%; cooling 5% and cooking 5%. ' In California, 96% of the residences are gas heated, the re_ mainder use electrical heating. Negligible amounts of oil, coal or wood are used for space heating. In 1972,in the Bay Area, an average of 2.7 x 1012 BTU per day were consumed by the ' following users. Domestic 17.1% ' Commercial 6.5% Refineries 18.4% Utilities 15.4% Industrial 10.6% Transportation 30.5% Miscellaneous 1.6% ' During that period, 2.8 million cars and light duty trucks con- sumed six million gallons of gasoline while driving about 76 million miles(Reference E-5). This consumption amounts to ' about 0.67x1012 BTU per day or about one quarter of the daily energy budget. In the Santa Clara Valley, the average household uses about 15 kilowatts per day (about 160,000 BTU) of electricity; and 3.3 therms of natural gas (about 330,000 BTU). These figures are annual consumption reduced to an average per day. ' In perspective, then, focusing attention on the City of Cupertino as a "typical" component of the Santa Clara Valley in terms of ' land use mix, considerable energy savings could result from: s (i) reducing energy -wastefulness or incorporating.alternativ ' space and water heating processes; (ii) considering efficiency in lighting, cooling and cooking processes; ' (iii) reducing unnecessary usage/dependency on vehicles driven by residents. ' A recent study by the Cupertino Planning Department demonstrates the effect of development in the flatter regions where, because of proximity to major roadways, transportation energy require- ments are only about 15% of the total energy demand. At higher elevations about 30% of the total energy budget is used on trans- portation only. Thus, besides using more energy per dwelling unit, the residents of the higher slopes, use twice the energy to access their property compared to residents nearer the valley floor. Using the suggestions offered in the mitigation section of this report, the energy usage levels may be potentially reduced by at least a third. 1 1 ENVIRONMENTAL RESOURCES 5-21 Residential Energy Use Mitigation Measures ' 1. Types of Construction: Single-family detached dwellings have a higher heat loss per square foot of floor area than individual dwellings in condomin- ' iums, townhouses, semi-detached dwellings and apartments in apartment buildings. The reduction in the ratio of exterior wall area to horizontal floor area (which, excluding curved sur- ' faces, is lower for a simple square floor plan) also reduces energy/heat losses. Thus a one story house of rectangular or "L" shape has the same heat loss as a two story square layout house. In both cases walls and ceilings were insulated. The ' use of "H" or "T" shaped floor plans results in even higher heat losses compared to the square layout. (References E-10, E-11) ' 2. Insulation/Heat Loss. Protection - Insulation in the residence floors, walls and ceilings makes a ' large difference in heat loss and heat gain. In the Bay area a well insulated home has little need for air conditioning on most warm -weather days. The use of insulation with effective thermal resistance designation R-19 in ceilings and walls with R-11 in ' floors will considerably reduce annual heating and air condition- ing costs. These designations are higher than values required for compliance in California as specified in Title 25, Article Housing and Communit 5, Section 1094 of the State Housing and Community Development Development Code Code. Title 25, Article 5 Section,1094 ' For slab -on -grade houses, edge insulation reduces heat losses from the interior. If perimeter heating ducts are used under the slab, even greater heat losses will be avoided by using edge ' insulation. Insulated thermal windows can further reduce interior energy loss, as can use of storm doors and sealed fireplace flues to re- ' duce air infiltration, and use of light exterior colors to re- duce solar heat gain. ' For apartment complexes, cluster houses or a consortium of resi- dences a heat pump system can be used to provide.adequate space and water heating and space cooling of the facility, using less ' than half the energy required to perform the same tasks with con- ventional heaters or coolers (Reference E-3). Currently avail- able solar heat collecting panels can be used to augment the ' usual pool heating systems. 3. Orientation of Buildings In general, for buildings at the Hill Area latitude, an eave overhang of 32 to 24 inches will shade exposed walls and windows from the direct rays of summer sunshine. In the winter months, the lower azimuthal path of the sun (closer to the horizon) allows some of the sun's rays to penetrate under the eaves and provide a desirable heat gain. ' It is thermally advantageous to use more glazing .in southeast, I 1 1 1 1 i ENVIRONMENTAL RESOURCES 5-22 south and southwest exposures, and shade these openings by trees, shrubs or awnings as well as eave overhang to reduce Reference E-10 summer solar heat gain (Reference E-10). Evergreen trees on the northerly exposures act as a barrier to wind. Leaf bearing trees on southerly exposures shade the building in the summer; yet upon dropping their leaves in winter, allow solar heat gain. Shrubs, trellises, hedges, should be carefully planned to pro- vide natural wind breaks for building entrances. Air condition- er condensers must be located in shaded areas with plenty of natural ventilation. Doing so increases the air conditioner compressor efficiency which in turn reduces energy consumed. Transportation Energy Conservation Practices In the Santa Clara Valley, individual reliance on the private automobile appears to be an ongoing trend. In turn, these ve- hicles continue to be not.only a principal source of pollution emissions, but inefficiently consume vast amounts of energy in the form of gasoline, materials to build them and the roads they require. The City of Cupertino has taken an affirmative policy approach to providing incentives for alternative transit mode usage. Conditions of approval for major industrial developments have re- quired experimental usage of employee van -pooling. A major bus - system transfer facility is planned for the Vallco Regional Shopping Center to encourage use of the system for commute trips. Recognizing that the automobile will probably continue to remain the preferred mode of personal travel for the forseeable future, the City Council recently approved construction of a traffic. signal interconnect system for the major commute boulevards. This electronic signal control equipment will facilitate traffic volume movement by allowing more flexible and sensitive manipu- lation of intersection equipment over a longer geographic seg- ment of the total commute path. If the interconnect functions as intended, vehicle operating costs diminish, resulting in im- proved air quality and gasoline economy. The Traffic Signal Interconnect Feasibility Study made the following findings re- garding gasoline consumption: The principal component of the savings in vehicle oper- ating costs is a reduction in the amount of fuel con- sumed. ` The average amount of fuel saved per stop is 0.00795 gallons, and the average amount of fuel consumed per hour of idling is 0.368 gallons. The savings in gasoline on a typical weekday would be as follows: Traffic Signal Interconnect Feasibility Study, JHK and Associates Dec. 1977 Air Quality page 5-9 ' PUBLIC OPEN SPACE MANAGEMENT -REGIONAL AGENCY ACTIONS The task of acquiring, maintaining, accessing and developing open space lands for the enjoyment of residents in Cupertino and surrounding communities is fragmented among several public agen- cies, each of which has a unique function to perform in the ' overall process, and each of which provides facilities of varying suitability for the wide range of contemporary human leisure ac- tivities. Some of these public open space lands afford the op- portunity for intensive or low -intensity recreation; some of these lands emphasize scenic beauty; still others preserve sig- nificant vegetation or wildlife habitats or help to control urban sprawl. MidPeninsula Regional Open Space District ' The MidPeninsula Regional Open Space District was created in 1972 by the County electorate and was originally titled "MidPen- insula Regional Park District". The connotation of "park" in the ' organization's original title, however, caused some general con- fusion for the public relative to its larger objective of 2re- serving unique and sensitive wildland habitats in an undisturbed ' state by careful control of access. Perhaps some of this con- fusion can be traced to the traditional interpretation of urban park lands as places of relatively unlimited access which are. developed for intensive recreational uses. To more accurately ' reflect its intended function, therefore, the organization changed its title to "MidPeninsula Regional Open Space District" in 1978. District lands within the City are low -intensity use facilities intended to promote the long-term protection of valuable open space resources from encroaching urbanization. Figure 5-F de- picts the current holdings of the MidPeninsula Regional Open Space District in Cupertino's Sphere of Influence; these acquisi- tions have been evaluated according to three principal criteria: - Open Space for scenic preservation - Open Space for preservation of unique sites - Open Space for guiding urban form Perhaps the most controversial acquisition strategy of the Mid - Peninsula Regional Open Space District is that of influencing ' urban form within the cities encompassed by the District's ENVIRONMENTAL RESOURCES 5-23 100,000 stops x 0.00795 gallons per stop a 795 gallons plus 1,400 hours x 0.368 gallons per hour - 515 gallons Total 1,310 gallons ' per day ' On an annual basis, this over 400,000 gallons of would amount to a savings gasoline for the same of amount of travel. ' PUBLIC OPEN SPACE MANAGEMENT -REGIONAL AGENCY ACTIONS The task of acquiring, maintaining, accessing and developing open space lands for the enjoyment of residents in Cupertino and surrounding communities is fragmented among several public agen- cies, each of which has a unique function to perform in the ' overall process, and each of which provides facilities of varying suitability for the wide range of contemporary human leisure ac- tivities. Some of these public open space lands afford the op- portunity for intensive or low -intensity recreation; some of these lands emphasize scenic beauty; still others preserve sig- nificant vegetation or wildlife habitats or help to control urban sprawl. MidPeninsula Regional Open Space District ' The MidPeninsula Regional Open Space District was created in 1972 by the County electorate and was originally titled "MidPen- insula Regional Park District". The connotation of "park" in the ' organization's original title, however, caused some general con- fusion for the public relative to its larger objective of 2re- serving unique and sensitive wildland habitats in an undisturbed ' state by careful control of access. Perhaps some of this con- fusion can be traced to the traditional interpretation of urban park lands as places of relatively unlimited access which are. developed for intensive recreational uses. To more accurately ' reflect its intended function, therefore, the organization changed its title to "MidPeninsula Regional Open Space District" in 1978. District lands within the City are low -intensity use facilities intended to promote the long-term protection of valuable open space resources from encroaching urbanization. Figure 5-F de- picts the current holdings of the MidPeninsula Regional Open Space District in Cupertino's Sphere of Influence; these acquisi- tions have been evaluated according to three principal criteria: - Open Space for scenic preservation - Open Space for preservation of unique sites - Open Space for guiding urban form Perhaps the most controversial acquisition strategy of the Mid - Peninsula Regional Open Space District is that of influencing ' urban form within the cities encompassed by the District's II WIM* I -I I rrrT7 1 -4 It r-f� I I I I TT =T lit 1/// rl 9`i�, 'A!, x,VI I ul, J, --I T pl lit it -M t� Y � V- --777N t, \\\-, z it Vitt 11, it 7ph , Owri- "LPi Z�z rAM, r- Y,p z I, gi J- VI It, Wj iv I00, 111 17 4, ;qh/ Q, jk; k Z:5 1-f NY ,7- ` v - I - I . f k t -2// � 11 1 1 ",� %, z , I N a P i 61u P -V-- 5-F EXIsTW� � 1�OPOS�D �UgL1G b>=�N Sf'aG� r x � r x � ` - �XISTIN(> GCUNT`( PAKKS > " <; : <'„' � `- EXISTINC> MIDPEwNsut-A Pf.I�IOW\L. Ol']iN SPACE I�IZF �FJLV/� :::..:.;::`�;; ` PKOPO��D U'T( OPEN SPL\Ga; /� r �I POOR? D �CPANr�ION GP M&ONAL -r- M&ONAL \ UPM SPAGi; LANDS 17::.1 ED i% To OT,� srA6r_- F-F-S IT'i of CUPERTINO: comprehemive* plan .1979, I N • RESOLUTION NO. 5859 A RESOLUTION OF THE CITY COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF CUPERTINO AMENDING THE ENVIRONMENTAL R17SOURCES ELEMENT OF THE COM- PREHENSIVE GENERAL PLAN WHEREAS, the City Council has held a public hearing involving written reports and testimony from the Planning Commission, directly affected property owners, and citizens in general, and WHEREAS, the City Council has concluded its deliberations relative to the Environmental Resources Element revision of said General Plan. NOW, THEREFORE, BE IT RESOLVED: 1. That the City Council approved the amendment to the City of Cupertino General Plan as set forth below: Policy 5-30(a) - A private park may be approved and constructed in lieu of a public park identified on Figure 5-J if said park is of a suitable size and contains facilities normally found in a public park. The City shall. have a deed covenant guar- anteeing that the land involved will continue to function as a park. The arrow and statement denoting public access to the open space district on Figure 5F shall be eliminated in its entirety. 2. The City Council hereby authorizes the Mayor of the City of Cupertino to approve said amendment. PASSED AND ADOPTED at a regular meeting of. the City Council of the City of Cupertino this 16th day of August 1982 by the following vote: Vote Members of the City Council AYES: Johnson, Plungy, Rogers, Sparks, Gattto NOES: 'None ABSENT: None ABSTAIN: None ATTEST: APPROVED: /s/ Dorothy Cornelius /s/ John Gatto City Clerk Mayor, City of Cupertino RESOLUTION NO. 2302 A RESOLUTION OF THE PLANNING COMMISSION OF TUE CI'T'Y OF CUPERTINO RECOMMENDING AMENDMENT OF THE ENVIRONMENTAL RESOURCES (ELEMENT OF THE COMPREHENSIVE GENERAL PLAN WHEREAS, the Planning, Commission has held nublic hearings involving written reports and testimony from Planning staff, directly affected property owners, and citizens in general, and WHEREAS, the Planning Commission has concluded its deliberations relative to the Environmental Resources Element revision of said General Plan. NOW, THEREFORE, BE IT RESOLVED: 1. That the Planning Commission approves the amendment to the City of Cupertino General Plan as set forth below: a. The following policy is added to Page 5-30 after Policy 5-30. Policy 5-30(a) - A private park may be approved and constructed in lieu of a public park identified on Figure 5-J if said park is of a suitabLe size and contains facilities normally found in a public park. •' The City shall have a deed covenant guaranteeing that the Land involved will continue to function as a park. b. The statement following the arrow symbol denoting public access on Figure 5-F is reworded as follows: Public access to open space preserves. The degree of access in terms of the visibility of the trail head and the provisions of parking shall he determined by the City on a case-by-case basis fo:Ll.owing a public hearing. 2. The Planning Commission hereby authorizes the Chairman of the Planning Commission to endorse said adoption. PASSED AND ADOPTED at a regular meeting of the Planning Commission of the City of Cupertino this 22nd day of April, 1982 by the following vote: AYES: Commissioners Adams, Binneweg, Blaine, Koenitzer, Chairman Claudy NAYS: None ABSTAIN: None ABSENT: None ATTEST: APPROVED: G �4 Is John Claudy John Claudy, Chairman JamesH. Sisk /' Planning Director PLnnning Commission I ENVIRONMENTAL RESOURCES boundaries. The District has purchased key properties in the City's Urban Service Area boundary, the effect of which is to restrict further geographic extension of infrastructure services into the foothills and contain future growth within Cupertino's urbanized valley floor. The District's de facto growth manage- ment policy could be considered a pre-emption of local use planning prerogatives. However, in 1976 the Cupertino City Council and the District Board agreed to a review procedure in- volving District purchases in Cupertino's Sphere of Influence. Their informal agreement provides for City review of potential purchases within the Urban Service Area and Carte Blanche approv- al (no review) of all acquisitions outside of the Urban Service Area. Santa Clara County The bulk of the hillside area located within the sphere of in- fluence is unincorporated and undeveloped and therefore County land use policies would dictate the final land use form of the area. In 1974, the County Board of Supervisors.adopted the Montebello Ridge Plan which had the primary objective of preserv- ing and retaining the natural open space character of Montebello Ridge and Stevens Canyon primarily through a restrictive slope - density formula approach to controlling the number of dwelling units. The Supervisors recently enacted a more restrictive land use policy for the Montebello Ridge/Stevens Canyon planning area via a slope density formula that requires 20 acre minimums for a 0% slope up to 160 acres per lot for a slope over 45%. The en- actment of the HRS -20 zone within the Cupertino planning area dramatically reduced the theoretical maximum dwelling units from approximately 830 to a range of between 115 to 190 dwelling units. The Santa Clara Montebello Ridge Plan is adopted by reference. It is anticipated that the County Board of Supervisors will amend the plan in the near future to reflect the more restrictive RH-20 zoning district land use limitations; the Cupertino Plan will also be amended accordingly. The Montebello Ridge Plan is del- ineated on the General Plan land use map. I Policy 5-20 The Santa Clara County Board of Supervisors is encouraged to amend its Comprehensive General Plan to reflect the "RHS -20" zoning restrictions. Santa Clara County Parks Program The Santa Clara County Parks Acquisition- and Development Charter Amendment which was approved in 1972 and reaffirmed in 1978 pro- vides for a tax over -ride to acquire and develop a regionally oriented park system. Table 5-D described a proposed 1972-1982 budget and actual expenditures for parks within the Cupertino's Sphere of Influence. The presently adopted Capital Improvements Program places a relatively high emphasis on completion of Upper Stevens Creek Park and its connection to Stevens Creek. Given the sensitive environmental setting of the upper portions of Stevens Canyon, the County's Parks and Recreation Department 1 should be asked to re-evaluate its development commitment and 5-25 t ENVIRONMENTAL RESOURCES 7AM.t. 9_11 Santa Clara Councv Parks Charter Amendment 30 Year Program for Parks In Cupercloo Sphere of Influence Proposed Budget Actual Expenditure 1972-1982 1972 - Oct. 1978 Acquisition DeveloPanc Acquia It Lou Dewlopmant Lower Stevens Creek 400,000 259 900 lteveea Creek Connect Son 2,000,000 400.000 55 MIO Upper Stevens Creek 900,000 5,500 Skyline Recreation Routel• 2,600,0001• 0 ItanchoSan Anconio2• 02• 02• 2,878,000 (Church Property) 4,600,000 1.700,000 2,893,000 265,100 1. The Skyline Recreation Route involves scenic easanests and lineal parks for a geograpklcal ata reaping frac the !an 3an1cp Cmeuty N the Mouth to San Mateo County to the north. She Co"Ocy pia ceotacracee on percela located In Cupertino'• Sphere of Influence. 2. The 172 etre Reecho Sam Antonio Park ane not sono lNted In the fa1t1e1 1972 plan. determine whether or not the greater priority should be placed on acquisition for those two park areas. Representatives from the Parks Department have indicated that the County is becoming increasingly award of long-term maintenance costs and according- ly, the new Capital Improvements Program to reflect the 1978 Charter Amendment may place a greater emphasis on acquisition. Policy 5-21:It is recommended that the County Board of Supervisors reaffirm.the goal of connecting upper and lower Stevens Creek Park. The County Board of Super- visors should direct its staff to evaluate the develop- ment program for lower and upper Stevens Creek parks to consider whether or not the heavy emphasis on develop- ment will result in traffic related impacts that are inappropriate for the pristine sections of the hillside. The review should consider whether limited funds are better spent on acquisition. Santa Clara Valley Water District The Santa Clara Valley Water District can continue to play a significant role in implementing the City of Cupertino's open space policies. The District assisted the City of Cupertino in the preparation of its natural flood plain policy for the reach of Stevens Creek between Stevens Creek Boulevard and the Reser- voir and participated directly in the acquisition of open space lands within McClellan Ranch Park. The District also created a unique Flood Protection Program for that reach of Stevens Creek adjacent to the Creston and Oakdell Ranch neighborhoods. The Water District is currently involved with a study of the 5-26 ' ENVIRONMENTAL RESOURCES ability of Stevens Creek Reservoir to withstand earthquake dam- age. The preliminary report indicates that because the reser- voir structure.is not adequately compacted the reservoir may sustain damage if an 8.3 magnitude earthquake occurs on the San Andreas fault. If further studies indicate that the reservoir is unsafe, one option is to abandon it, designate the site as '. surplus, and offer it for private sale. ' Policy 5-22:The City of Cupertino shall strive to re- tain the watershed and storage basin properties of Stevens Creek Reservoir in public ownership should the. ' Santa Clara Valley Water District elect to abandon the facility at a future time. ' CITY OF CUPERTINO OPEN SPACE POLICIES AND PROGRAMS CThe City's primary role in open space planning is the development ' of neighborhood parks which is discussed in a subsequent section of this Element. However, the City General Plan does include policies which are designed to encourage the MidPeninsula Reg- ional Open Space and the County Parks System to complete phases of their respective.open space programs and more directly to acquire certain properties that are deemed vital to be publicly owned and yet retained in a passive use. Figure 5-F identifies key properties that should be included within the County Parks System or MidPeninsula Regional Open ' Space District. The intent is to provide a continuous open space green belt adjacent to the City's Urban Service Area. ' Policy 5-23:The City of Cupertino shall continue to Cfoster inter -agency cooperation regarding the acquisi- tion of properties in proximity to the westerly urban service area limit to complete a continuous open space/ trail linkage along the lower foothills. 1 The Stevens Creek Flood Plain is the most prominent open space resource within the City's urbanized area. The General Plan ' Land Use Map designates land within the boundary of the 100 year flood plain for recreation and agricultural uses with adjoining properties designated for low intensity residential activities. Since the late 1950's a myriad of jurisdictions have advocated an urban trail adjacent and parallel to Stevens Creek extending from San Francisco Bay to the Pacific Ocean. The City's 1964 Plan and a later plan adopted in 1972 proposed an ambitious ac- quisition program to acquire vacant lands within the flood plain for this purpose. The barrier affect caused by construction of 280 Freeway coupled with encroachment of residential development breaks the continu- ity of the proposed ocean to the bay trail system. Accordingly, ' there will most probably be urban linkages connecting the trail from Homestead Road to Lower Stevens Canyon Park via Foothill 5-27 ENVIRONMENTAL RESOURCES Boulevard and Stevens Canyon Road. The Cupertino Plan retains the open space character of the Stevens Creek Flood Plain between the reservoir and Stevens Creek Boulevard; however, the intent is not to ' provide an urban trail system characterized by formalized asphalt hiking path/biking path. Figure 5-G identifies key acquisitions that should be completed in order to preserve the open space char- acter of the flood plain. To enable the community to have flexi- bility regarding future uses, the plan includes a list of uses rang- ing from very passive extension of the City's Naturalist Program to active use involving the expansion of two existing golf courses. ' The Stocklmeir property is uniquely suited for a joint open space and historic preservation site. A future decision involving the ' acquisition of the Stocklmeir property will be triggered either by request of Mr. Stocklmeir or a subsequent owner of the property for development or for dedication for open space purposes or it could be pursued directly by the community. If the community determined that ' the cost of acquisition is too high or the long-term maintenance of the site for historical purposes is too great, then the property would remain in private hands. Since the bulk of the property is ' within the natural:flood plain, its development potential for resi- dential activity is limited to a small area around the existing homesite that is located outside of the natural flood plain. ' The balance of the properties proposed for,acquisition will be listed in the City's Capital Improvements Program The open space acquisition and public trail.easement through the 150 -acre -plus. "Kaiser Property" south of .Linda Vista Park shall be accomplished through the development review process for a subsequent residential development. ' Policy 5-24: The City of Cupertino will strive to acquire the open space lands and trail linkages de- scribed on Figure 5-G. ' PRIVATE OPEN SPACE RESOURCES In response to market demand, private enterprise has created sev- eral specialized open space/recreational activity centers within the Sphere of Influence. These sites are an invaluable element in the overall open space network of the community since they satisfy ' specific leisure services which cannot otherwise be addressed ade- quately by public agency action due to their capital intensive nature and limited constituency relative to the City as a whole. Private open space operations in this category include golf ' courses, riding stables and tennis/swimming clubs. Adequate land use controls and incentives should be incorporated in public policy for continued existence of these facilities. ' Policy 5-25: The City of Cupertino recognizes the inte- gral value of private open space/recreation facilities within the overall context of the City's open space net- work. Accordingly, the City will encourage the contin- ued existence and economic vitality of these private facilities through incentive and development controls appropriate to public agency action. 5-28 Land Use, Community Character page 2-27 policy 2-32 ENVIRONMENTAL RESOURCES 5.29 rr4muKb s -o PU&J4 OPEN S,PACC IN 7HE 51-2154�NS GREEK FLooD PLAT N OPEN SDgr,�.�}GgUiS�TiOlYS IM nBUL O✓ 1 5t'�G� of CUPERTINO plan I 1 I 1 ENVIRONMENTAL RESOURCES 5.30 Another category of privately -controlled open space territory is that occupied by utility system power line corridors. Within the City's foothills are several such easements which serve as migra- tion paths for deer and other animals moving between territories and foot sources. • • c•• ••a •.a One of tae major roles of the City of Cupertino is to provide a neighborhocd parks system which satisfies the active recreation needs of the community. The neighborhood park system will be developed based upon the following policies: Policy 5-26: Park system should provide space equal to 3 acres of land for each 1,000 persons. Policy 5-27: Each household within the community should be within `i mile of walking distance to the park and reasonably free from physicel barriers including heavily trafficked streets. Policy 5-28: Neighborhood parks should be at a minimum of 3.5 acres to provide flexibility of use. Policy 5-29: Neighborhood parks should be of informal design to increase use flexibility and to decrease long- term maintenance. Policy 5-30: Parks shall be circled by public streets ' Wherever possible, existing parks containing adequate space should be re-evaluated to determine whether or not installation of a perimeter road is feasible. F 1 A previously adopted objective providing for 2 acres of land/ 1,000 population for community park space is rescinded because of the absence of adequate vacant land, the absence of funds, and the determination to concentrate on the expansion of Memorial Park. Policy 5-31: With the exception of a possible acquisition of a portion of a surplus high school site, the community parks program is limited to the continued development of Memorial Park. ` Definition of Need Figure 5-H identifies sub -neighborhoods within the community that are isolated by physical barriers, consisting of land forms or transportation borders such as railroad tracks and heavily trafficked arterial streets. Table 5-E identifies the 1977 population estimates and 1990 population projections. Park Dedication Muni Code 3.28 Divisive Effects of Roadways page 2-16 policy 2-16 Public Safety Policy 6-30 page 6-55 ENVIRONMENTAL RESOURCES 5-31 Figure 5H NEIGHBORHOOD MAP TABLE 5-E Estimated 1977 and Projected 1990 Population for Cupertino Urban Service Area ::aiihborhood Fart 1977 1990 Unita Population Eacimace Population Frelection A -L 770 700 1-± 1235 1400 8 'Without San Jose 3375 2890 San Joe. Increment to Be 1810 L445 C 170 1533 E-1 2510 3920 E-2 4110 4213 F -i 700 390 F-2 5730 $570 G 883 720 6-2 1885 1830 8-2e 2740 2135 I-1 3613 4480 i -2e L845 1563 J-1 803 .. 690 J -2e 990 700 E 4455 3733 L-1 985 1980 L-2 3935 3700 Y 5 3 0 510 0• 1645 1635 P-1• 1150 1180 P-2• 1923 i/45 :ocala 17.27! .3.07! e ,uteri: dmcu aei9hb*rM 4. outside of Cupertino Splen of Influent* se !dined b7 UM Ln 1978. tie 1977 populacion of "id nelanborhoode vas 12.LC5. 1 ENVIRONMENTAL RESOURCES Table 5-F illustrates the product of the multiplication. The table identifies the existing park inventory and identifies the future deficiency or surplus of park space both in numerical and percentage terms for each neighborhood sub -unit. As evidenced by the plus or the deficiency column, the majority of neighbor- hood units within town do not have an adequate supply of park space. - IABLE 5—F NE-GHBORHMD PARK LC'.D NEED ANALTS15 FOR 1990 CRBa1.`i SERVICE AREA POPULATION 4419hau[4ocd Part 19" 19" loll ltrrlmd LA0 Part Supply iu[w Sarvlca anu Popula[loe Part L,M toad lard Upon L971 1 an[pry (Wad uNn J K ../ 19)) loranco ry Surpl•.a or P,:Laencv 1p00 Pnpu LtloeJ 4.1t, 1. of 4aad .1-1 end E-1 35:0 )0.6 Varlan r,,h a.. - <.3 59% - 1-1, d, ane c 7-•v :1.2 Ll.d. 'l la [, 11.)1 -LO.d 50; !. F -Z :215 11.6 wn[a v:au :.- - 3.: M. F -t 310 1.4 - 1.8 0] F-: 5510 16.] :SeaorLal -... • 5.5 131% II -1 and X4 ::15 42.0 Jolla1'+an ].Z - 9.ti :5l L-1 and 1-2 .::3 18.0 Vllapn 3.: -12.3 '9t 2 J-1, 1-: and /. 15 .: Ranctn l.9 -1 ).: L'S L-1 1960 5.9 - 5.9 0% L -Z 310= 41.1 Po r[al 4.1 )A 37t a 5LJ LS - 1.5 di U 1635 :.9 - 4.9 0t P-1 1180 3.5 IDraa UaW ..- LA 1545 P -Z L145 5.'- - 5.! 0% To [a La -9•::5 144.4 S..d Note 1: A !arae proportion o: park site is unusable because of terrain. 90 to 2: Rancho Rinconada Recreation Oistrct The degree of accessibility is a major consideration in the neigh- borhood park concept. Figure 5-I identifies the 1/2 mile ser- vice area radius for existing neighborhood parks. The shaded service areas reflect physical barriers which prohibit access, such as freeways, railroad tracks or streambeds. However, ser- vice areas in the diagram do not reflect high volume traffic ar- terials that may discourage accessibility to certain individuals, particularly younger age children. It is doubtful for example that parents would allow pre-school children to cross De Anza Boulevard or Stevens Creek Boulevard unattended to access a 9-32 ENVIRONMENTAL RESOURCES 5-33 4 t j...... Pi`um 5•I 1911 PARK AL/ -Gr -Ss STATLAS I nuuuuulm'1°1 U(Z6AN 5 F-P..V IC�� f301,S h1 �AiZ`( ,... ..M Y I ILe- accESs rvc ►��►� `�� �AIZK 51iEs CITY of CUPERTINO plan .lam Y .Vt t•0 / l f I. �- "v'Ci�OOV l.a �..d � vt—.•�� �f // j ,. "- Pi`um 5•I 1911 PARK AL/ -Gr -Ss STATLAS I nuuuuulm'1°1 U(Z6AN 5 F-P..V IC�� f301,S h1 �AiZ`( ,... ..M Y I ILe- accESs rvc ►��►� `�� �AIZK 51iEs CITY of CUPERTINO plan 1 1 1 P 1 1 1 1 1 f 1 ENVIRONMENTAL RESOURCES neighborhood park site. Implementation The City will not have the financial resources to acquire ade- quate supply of park land to meet the 3 acres per 1,000. standard for each sub -neighborhood. The park land acquisition program delineated by Table 5-H and Figure 5-J outlines an ac- quisition strategy that stretches limited financial resources by taking advantage of existing school sites, by expanding existing park sites, and taking advantage of park dedication requirements for major new developments, as in the case of Seven Springs Ranch and the Town.Center. The Cupertino School District has developed a review process to evaluate the closing of schools as a result of declining enroll- ment. Since Cupertino citizens depend upon local neighborhood schools as a source of open space and to a limited degree as space for organized group play activities. The General Plan strategy is to,acquire key school sites as they become available in deficient neighborhoods. Table 5-G is an inventory of ex- isting school sites within the community. The third column of the chart identifies the potential for closure of school sites. The fourth column on Table 5-H identifies school sites that the City is contemplating acquiring for park purposes should the listed school be declared surplus. r.Dl. f� Sclwal Sfu Invm [o [v (El rnuq, Junior HERD and High Scbal) Neighborhood 011-lional Stam Service Area scrool sir.. aq Tape (... code Dela. 1 Tc.1 acru U.ble c.e A-1 area E-1 Scav n. C...4 X%%/E. 10.0 5.3 A -I, B rend C Lincoln XXX/E. 10.0 6.6 Kennedy X%%%/J.H. 35.0 14.3 Re Rna it XiC/E. 9.5 R.3 Mono Vlera %%lC[/s.N. 39.' 15.8 E-1 Norte Vista %/E. 9.7 3.6 F-1 No Scholl 'it" F-I Card.n Car. X%X%/E, 10.0 4.6 G No scNom sill, 11-1 and H-1 Farla XQ%/F. 9.5 5.4 Jal lvman XXX/E 10.5 7.9 L-1 and 1-E vflsrn XJE, 10.0 7.1 Eaton 1"/ E. 10.0 ].B Older WIE. 13.0 6.1 -1, 1-3 area K 5edgvlrk X/E. B.B 4.5 Nyle%%%/E. 9.3 5.8 Ny be Xxxx/J. H. 14.s 9.5 Cupercir. %%%%MH. JLO 16.0 L-1 No school shin L4 1ort.l/9an Allen %%%%/E. LLO 4.8 Collins iC%/J. N. V.9 6.5 NNo School Slr ea 0 No School sire, F -I 90 Schoot ""' F-1 Noover XXX/E. 10.8 6.5 Official sucua Codes %%VX Closure ubllk,ly %x% Closure poastD le. KK Closure 11k.ly % Closad [a Rene [al a [o llmnn [, ala. [ mo In In Invenroryn for specialized use. x clo.ee, alts [o D, .old. 5-34 ENVIRONMENTAL RESOURCES 5_35 9 Y 09L C Y U C W d U IY V 4 G •+ W m m m _ m s >- m P V ti n n n J O n O 4 a o n n n N N 0 c •g o' e � 9 W 9 C 9 _ J I k I I I I N I I I I I I I ENVIRONMENTAL RESOURCES 5-36 r-4, -4 Li I ri T—! n Awn i-Lj= 11 L-77 4"m 0,W — -w % —,- % I X 411—•, . A MIL- jo F17 mov, I L -j. FtAltpre to go,* tt i f, tu 14 (.um AL/WGTIOiA MJ, CITY of CUPERTINO - comprehensive plan I II 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 ENVIRONMENTAL RESOURCES 5-37 Surplus school sites not listed on Table 5-H will not be con- sidered for purchase by the City for neighborhood park purposes. Policy 5-32: Table 5-H is ,the City of Cupertino's neigh- borhood park acquisition program. Funding and timing priorities are contained in the current Capital Im- provement Program. Explanation of the Priority Code and Funding Code Described on Table 5-H The Priority Code for the new acquisition column attempts to provide a frame of reference for park land acquisition over time. Because of the dual land pressures related to the housing demand within the West Valley and the ironic decrease in school enroll- ment, the City may soon be placed in a position of having to make acquisition decisions. Therefore, the Priority Code labeled "High", "Medium" and "Low" relates to .the degree .to which the staff projects development pressure to be placed on the proposed park acquisition sites. Numerical designations 1 through 4 describe the rationale for the timing priority. The term "private development pressure" relates to projected residen- tial development of key park sites. The term "leverage of public or private development" relates to the need to expend money in conjunction with either private or public development projects. For example, it may be wise to acquire park land next to a flood control district project which involves land acquisition. In this manner, park dollars can be leveraged with public improve- ments. The "sale or lease of school sites" term is self-explan- atory. The citizen's committee advising the Cupertino Elementary School District will soon be making recommendations for the closure of sites to take place over the next five years. That information will enable the City to make adjustments on the Pri- ority Code within the near future. The "area of greatest defic- iency" term relates to park acquisitions that best satisfy the space objectives and access objectives of the parks program. For example, the City should acquire land within areas of great- est need first. However, the key priority is to ensure that lands are not preempted for other uses. Another consideration in the priority scheme relates to expenditure of money within County pockets. It may be advisable to delay, as long as pos- sible, the acquisition of land within a County pocket until such time as it becomes clear that annexation is probable. The im- portance of County versus City jurisdiction is less important since property tax has become less significant as a means to support parks programs. The funding source code descriptions are as follows: A. General Fund - The General Fund source relates to moneys collected through property tax, sales tax and other sources that are not designated for a specific activity. B. Park Dedication - Park Dedication fees are collected in con- junction with residential subdivision activity. As a general P 16 ENVIRONMENTAL RESOURCES 5-38 rule, Park Dedication fees should be expended within the neigh- borhood in which they were collected. C. Federal/State Grants - The City has utilized and hopefully t will continue to utilize Federal and State grants to augment its efforts to acquire parks and construct facilities. The City has utilized moneys from the State Bond Act of 1974 and 1976, State 1 Urban Open Space moneys, a Department of Housing and Urban De- velopment grant for the McClellan Ranch Park, and the Housing and Community Development Act. ' D. Proceeds from surplus park land sales - In a few instances, where the park land need is exceeded within a given neighborhood, or where an existing park design is awkward, some land may be ' sold to a residential developer with the proceeds used to ac- quire land in a neighborhood with deficient park land area. E. Proceeds from Negotiation of Williamson Act Contracts - In- dividuals under Williamson Act contract may request their con- tract be rescinded subject to a tax penalty. It is suggested that the City negotiate with owners to waive tax penalties if ' land is made available for park or open space purposes.. F. Other Agency Participation - As in the past, the City will work with the Santa Clara Valley Flood Control District, school districts, the MidPeninsula Regional Open Space District and other entities to jointly acquire land for park purposes. ' G. Voluntary Dedication or Gift - In some cases,. the City is of- fered a dedication of park land in conjunction with a develop- ment or a particular owner may.want to bequeath land to the jur- isdiction. In another instance, owners may wish to dedicate land to the City with the understanding that they be given a life es- tate lease hold on their property. ' The primary purpose of new acquisition priority codes and.probable funding source codes is to illustrate that there are monetary constraints in implementing the plan and therefore the program ' should be prioritized. ' Expenditure of Funds for Development and Construction of Facil- ities In view of limited monetary resources and continued pressure for ' closure of school sites, priority should be placed on land ac- quisition as opposed to park development. Limiting turfing may occur on park sites dependent upon future funding levels. The City is currently constructing a senior center in Memorial Park. No new additional community facilities are anticipated within the next five years. The City will continue to utilize school a district facilities to conduct its teen drop-in program and other Irecreation programs. If the Lincoln School site is programmed I 16 1 II I�1 u 1 I ENVIRONMENTAL RESOURCES 5-39 for disposal by the School District, the City may want to place a higher priority on acquisition of the site to take advantage of an excellent multi-purpose room. 6 PUBLIC HEALTH &SAFETY i PUBLIC HEALTH & SAFETY 6-1 Introduction ' The purpose of the Public Health and Safety Element is to develop mechanisms to ensure that living and working environments in the community are reasonably free from unhealthy and hazardous condi- tions, The Element identifies potential hazards to life and proper- ty from natural phenomenon such as earthquakes, rainstorms causing flooding, wildfires and landslides. The Element also identifies po- tential hazards resulting from the carelessness of man, such as ' urban fires, or failure of man-made water storage facilities; and more subtle hazards such as long-term exposure to excessive noise levels, or criminal behavior as a result of poor land planning and ' building design. There is no such thing as a risk-free environment. One of the key objectives of the Public Health and Safety Element of the Plan is ' to identify an acceptable level of risk relative to the identified hazards. The Element attempts to answer the question, "How safe is safe enough?". Identifying acceptable level of risk or exposure to ' hazards involves subjectivity. While it would be ideal to adopt a very conservative position of eliminating the greatest degree of risk possible, local government must attempt to establish realistic ' standards within the economic and social constraints of contemporary livin¢. Seismic and Geologic Hazard The City of Cupertino is located in a region of very high seismic activity. The mountainous and lower foothill's geographical ' areas of the City's planning area are transversed by the San Andreas and its two splinter faults, the Sargent-Berrocal and Monta Vista fault systems. The San Andreas fault is classified ' as a "lateral system", meaning that the movement occurs along a shear point that is perpendicular to the earth's axis. The Sargent-Berrocal and the Monta Vista fault systems are classified ' as "thrust" faults,meaning that movement occurs vertically as opposed to horizontally. Figure 6-A illustrates the two cate- gories of fault displacement. The San Andreas and Sargent-Berro- cal fault systems are located in the mountainous region of the planning area. The Monta Vista fault, however, follows the transition line between the valley floor and the hillsides where urban development has taken place. The Monta Vista fault is ' labeled as a potentially active fault meaning that it has not ruptured within the past 11,000 years. However, the potential always exists for ground rupture and therefore must be considered when reviewing urban development. ' The ground shaking intensity posed by earthquake seismic activity represents the greatest hazard. Earthquake intensity is measured by two scales: The Richter Magnitude, a measurement of the total energy of an earthquake as determined by a Seismograph (an in- strument to record vibrations of the earth), and The Modified Mercali Intensity Scale, an objectively -developed system to meas- ure the intensity of an earthquake based upon assessment of dam- age and personal reaction to an earthquake. Table 6-A identifies the general comparison between earthquake magnitude (Richter ' Scale) and personal assessment of earthquake affects (Mercali's I I PUBLIC HEALTH &SAFETY A. 5AK ANI7,Qzks 'FAULT - foinzW17"'i I � jtoElZMTXL DFF66r of -qw &WUNP N, WRFA(.e rl(,()12e lo -46r =-SUP) FAVI -T swp)fwjLT -- P,3L&,Y- PJN-RA V-MOMN& FAULTS WMAN T-4� Z,uFr--ZT-lNo n-wmlr4b Agr::14 &VswTeeoep f5l t *0217-0�4'7AL b'f) 4 VVZnCAL (8) D6?lN,-ENAeRrS CITY of CUPERTINO - comprehensive plan EN 1 1 1 1 1 PUBLIC HEALTH & SAFETY 6-3 Table 6-A GENERAL CO:IPARISON BETWEEN EARTHQUAKE MAGNITUDE AND THE EARTHQUAKE EFFECTS DUE TO GROUND SHAKING. EARTHQUAKE CATEGORY RICHTER :IAG. MODIFIED MERCALLI INTENSITY SCALE* (After Housner, 1970) DAMACE TO STRUCTURE I - Detected only by sensitive instruments 2.0 [I - Felt by few persons at rest, especially on upper floors; delicate suspended objects may swing. III - Felt noticeably indoors, but not always recognized No 3.0 as an earthquake; standing cars rock slightly, Damage vibration like passing truck. Minor IV - Felt indoors by many, outdoors by a few; at night some awaken; dishes, windows, doors dis- turbed; cars rock noticeably. 4.0 V - Felt by most people; some breakage of dishes, Archicec- windows and plaster; disturbance of tali objects. tural Damage VI - Felt by all; many are frightened and run outdoors; falling plaster and chimneys; damage small. 5.0 VII - Everybody runs outdoors. Damage to buildings 5.3 varies, depending on quality of construction; fnoticed by drivers of cars. aoderate 6.0 VII[ - Panel walls thrown out of frames; fa1L of walls, monuments, chimneys; sand and mud ejected; drivers of cars disturbed. Struatual 6.9 IX - Buildings shifted off foundations, cracked, Damage thrown out of plumb; ground cracked, underground pipes broken; serious damage to reservoirs and embankments. Major 7.0 X - Most masonry and frame structures destroyed; cracked; rails bent slightly; Landslides. 1ground XI - Few structures remain standing; bridges destroyed; 7.7 fissures in ground; pipes broken; landslides; rails bent. 'Total Ue5truetion Great 8.0 XII - Damage total; waves seen on ground surface; lines of sight and Level distorted; objects thrown into the air: Large rock masses displaced. *The intensity is a subjective measure of the effect of the ground shaking, and is not an engineering measure of the ground acceleration. PUBLIC HEALTH & SAFETY 6-4 Scale) as a result of seismic activity. ' A "maximum probable" earthquake on the San Andreas and Monta Vista faults could result in considerable damage depending upon a number of factors related to distance and the bedrock/alluvial conditions of a particular site or area. Figures 6-B and 6-C describe the hypothetical earthquake intensities for a "maximum" earthquake on San Andreas and Monta Vista faults. The intensity ' ratings must be considered general; site-specific conditions such proximity to streambeds and specific soils conditions may height- en or decrease the intensity. ' Earthquake Probability t "Reoccurrence intervals", or the time necessary for maximum prob- able earthquakes to repeat themselves on a given fault, -are ap- proximations that are based upon present and historic activity, ' the amount of displacement of rock formations along the fault tract of difference geologic ages, and the amount of strain accu- mulation presently measured across it. Estimates of reoccurrence intervals on "potentially active faults" such as the Sargent- Berrocal/Monta Vista are even less accurate than the estimate for active faults such as the San Andreas fault system. I 1 Table 6-B provides an estimate of the maximum earthquake magni- tude and an estimated reoccurrence interval of maximum probable earthquakes for fault systems that directly affect Cupertino. There is insufficient data, however, to estimate probable reoccur- ence of a maximum event on the Sargent-Berrocal and Monta Vista faults. The estimate of reoccurrence interval of the San Andreas fault is 50 to 200 years. The last maximum event on the San Andreas fault was in 1906 or 73 years ago. Each year that passes without a maximum event means that there is a statis- tically higher percentage of an event occurring within any year. Table 6-B ACTIVE AND POTENTIALLY ACTIVE FAULTS AND THEIR EARTHQUAKE. CHARACTERISTICS Causative Distance from Naximum Historical Maximum Probable Est. Recurrence Faults Intersection of Earthquake Earthquake Lateral of Max. De Anza and Stevens Magnitude Magnitude Prot. Earthquakes Creek Blvds. (Richter Magnitude) (Richter Magnitude) (1) (2) San Andreas 5� miles 8.7 8.3 50-100 years San (Last event: 1906) Andre,' Hayward 10 miles 7.0+ 7.0 10-100 yearn (Last event: 1868) System Calaveras 16 miles 6.0+ 7.0 10-100 years Berrocal 31 miles 3.7 to 5.0 6.5 to 7.0(3) Data Insufficient for estimating Sergi t- Berrocal PUBLIC HEALTH & SAFETY 6-5 4f1N ANM FAULT M.K•+NIrjoa a3 Al 1 �5.� M r. cy M"F k® I - $-�- MMII=IED MEQCALU INTENSrr APPAVr--Ni mr-NS>N MAP 01`Tt+15: GUPE2riN0 FANNIN0A2EAS,) , R,M VPANUSLo Vop—Ttt4GajvE pF ID)OU. (MODI�►ED A�Tr--a AItA� 94-6-'WN,i077-; AND 8o2LNE CT�,1975 CITY Of CUPERTINO • comprehensive plan I1 II I I II 11 I I 1 I I 1 I 1 PUBLIC HEALTH & SAFETY 6-6 � �1lLf�L jr<V-06" MW roQ Pt MAXIMUM tW-0 AK_r- 1l f [ UPdCE orl -Tk1f�r MDt*rA ASTAr fFYJLT. 1 I 1 F 1 1 PUBLIC HEALTH & SAFETY 6 The City of Cupertino is divided into 13 geologic/seismic hazard zones. The seismic and geologic hazards map labeled Figure 6-D and the accompanying Table 6-C identifies the location of the zones and describes the specific hazards that could be expected to occur within each zone. The hazard map and accompanying table will be used to determine which future development projects will have to undergo geologic review, and the degree of detail that must be contained within each review. Geologic Hazards The greatest geologic hazard to the foothills and low mountainous regions of the planning area is landslide. Landslide activity includes the downward and upward movement of natural earth mater- ials. The sliding of a slope is a normal geologic process by which slopes are flattened and valleys become wider. The rate of downslope movement ranges from very rapid (i.e. rock falls) to very slow (i.e. soil creep and bedrock creep). Landsliding is caused by a variety of inter -related natural factors such as weak soil and rock over steepened hillsides due to rapid stream erosion, adverse geologic structure, ground water and high rain- fall rates. Improper grading, excessive irrigation, removal of natural vegetation and altering surface and sub -surface drainage can all act to initiate landslides. Figure 6- E identifies landslide deposits within the Cupertino study area. Geologic mapping in the hillsides by the U. S. Geo- logical Survey (Sorg & McLaughlin, 1974) and the California Div- ision of Mines and Geology (Rogers & Armstrong, 1974) indicates that landslide deposits of various size an(i activity cover as much as 20 to 30% of the hillside portion of the planning area. Landslides range from small, rather shallow deposits comprised of soil and weak bedrock materials to large deep landslides in- volving large amounts of bedrock materials. Quantitative assessment of the long-term stability of a land- slide deposit is nearly impossible. Old landslide deposits are the most difficult to judge for overall stability. Experience also indicates that under average conditions, areas previously involved in landsliding are far more likely to move again than are areas previously undisturbed by landsliding. Likewise, areas within these old deposits that are adjacent to steep, newly en- trenched stream canyons are more likely to be affected by re- newed landsliding than areas located some distance from -these new steep -walled channels. This would be especially true with severe seismic shaking during a large magnitude earthquake on either the San Andreas, Berrocal or Monta Vista faults. The historic account of the 1906 earthquake cites numerous examples of seis- mically induced landslides scattered throughout the Santa Cruz :Sountains. Some of these failures were catastrophic events re- sulting in severe structural damage, personal injury and loss of life (Lawson, 1908). I� \9117 ... fIAc "4`l .kit I .. (!I fl,:Mt, lfVe..., 7 it Yr. s 7 SS t(i V) 41 X/ !r! I L® JJ i 4 ' }\ 1 t; lift t(l l F16kUpx__ 6-D SEISMIC �&F-OLC (2VIC HAZARDS MAS ' XF irI t j r , tl 14AZA.ICD t �i`t Itlft 1 'tf j `vie l ;� �l :IIiA i? t .4 II I1� 1 %f Iil�ll f 9 r i Ifl jfr/�llll ?} I ilt+ 1✓ i t i1'�I ftll / If'IryAN [� /Afxi+ter !{AZA>z,D .kit I .. (!I fl,:Mt, lfVe..., 7 it Yr. s 7 SS t(i V) 41 X/ !r! I L® JJ i 4 ' }\ 1 t; lift t(l l F16kUpx__ 6-D SEISMIC �&F-OLC (2VIC HAZARDS MAS ' XF VALL-T P CyOr- TE-KrAJM 14AZA.ICD ZONES 1=00714I LL 7_E2ZA-N RAZA-P-D ZdMeI S- [� MOUNTAIN T��2AIN !{AZA>z,D Zot�t>ts ll / //, 1 ,/r %r ♦\�\ \.\ \ \ % - //� C r -C .K Offir .W []TI e.i'✓:, ,�,- "J! Irll'lr l; 1/ 11 \\1\\\` �\�\--/%1f 11 _//r/� `J' y `' It I `r ilk VF L LATr5J�AL FAULT T'Hr-UST FAULT `GOi�GGALi�/ -f( BUST FAULT� 1 corrinrehens ve.`olan -1979 SGH EM.4"Tl G v IVA VP." I /�_�VMZ S �EGTI Oil 6 PUBLIC HEALTH & SAFETY -" Table 6-C _BLANA7:0N5: ZI'LCG:C .4YD SE:..!nC HAZARDS ".MPS IF 7E T.?F?L:vO ?LA:1N NG AAEA GE're-RAL GEOLOGIC-SEIS!'_C HAZARD ZONE :iAZ n -0'3E GECLJG :C -ER,gA,YE Cv i? '_+2.kRDS '•=.HIN 7RRANF- UNIT YAP 577!90L +I:'HIN EACH ' VAi:ZI ----;)OR - ':early f'ac, urbanized GROUND SHAK'NG - Moderate :o ictally severe - Ground Shak_z ':ac_e.v floor: steep walls a: Steve." %III to IX intensity for aaxtmum probable - Grourc Fa Cure Creek Canyon; low telling foothills eartheuakde (8.324) on the ;an sndz2as 3au11c. '/F - L/2/3 - Ground Ruo c•_re ' a:2a -eat Sc. le se pns Seminars and C :0 :+II intensity expected vichfn ',nOO ft. Monta Vaca 3u63cacon. and incenr_es of VII to 711! at distances u - (Manta '/is to Faui:) _sod L-,undation greater an 1000 ft. from a =i-um proF- th (Calahazas C:eek) able event (7.OM) on the vonta Vista Fault. �7011N1) FAILURE - Moderate to high landslide - 4round Shaking ' pocanc'_al slang the steep canyon valla or .count tall ore Stevens Creek; moderate to high pocancia2 VF - (:andslid tag, :urchinz for lateral spreading and around tar:h.ing :acera' sorcact:z) alocq Stevens Creek Canvon walls,' 1'_nuefac:len potentlaL is cansidared co Se 10w co mcA,race. -,rouna'Shakdng :ROUND RUPTUP.E - Yoderata potential along and - ;round Fa_,,re within 700 ft. of the :race of the Manta 'TF - 5 UL quefac:ion) ' 71s ca Fault. _ F:cod Lnuncazt:a , ra•:nd qua :n cc Coca '1'_t:a Fau_:. FOOD INUNDATION - Moderate to high pocncial along Stevens Creek under seismic or non- VF - 6 ;round Shakine seismic conditions and along Caiahazas Creek - (:round §:sacro ' under non-saismic conditions. F^OTHLLLS - Sande to steep, pa to is 1111 SROM SNAKING - 4ederaae to Loea1'_v severe FOOTH =L IEZF.QNCE .'):II mrbanizec iiilside area located vest "7': t0 17111 intensities due to naximm F - =' :he :al '_ev ` oar and genteelly probable earthquake (3.324) on :he San Andreas - -:a:rd Shaking oast if Har.-doe110 Ridga. oau-':; X-XII intensities within 2000 ft. from GrOuad :a:_u,-e :he )once Vista Fault for a mozimum pnbable ':arcs-:c taq) earthquake (7.OM). ' ;ROLM FAILURE - Yaderace to hizh Lands Lide ;ctencial under seismic and non-seismic F - 2 ,rauad Shak'_eq cond=_ons Ln hillside areas with slopes "round 3uo:'are steeper than 152; ground lurching and fractur- - 'round Faiiu:e 'law expeecad within 2000 fc. .as: of the trace of :he xonca 'Vista Fault during a maximum probable earthquake. GROCND RUPTURE - :oderate potential along and - ;round Shaking within 300 ft. east and within 600 fe. 'test 2 - 3 - Ground Ruo,,re ' of the [races of the Monte Vista Fault and Ground ?ai1'_:e the 3arrocal Fault. FLDOD :NL'8DA7ION - Moderate to high paean- F -4 - ;count Shaking :Sat along Stevens Creek under aon-seismic (name as •_;Duet Fs C ate ' sm as well as seismic condition. _:ac: ca::tn CROUf1D SEAKINC - Maderace to locally '!CMT1'AiN '.ER.RL:E 21= savers X :o XMZ Lncemicias along :ha ' San Andrus Fault due to a maximum prob- 11 - 1 ..rcucd Shakine able earthquaka (8.711): X to XII lncnsltiea - - -.round Faiiu a expected -within 2000 ft. from the 3arrocal (deeds L`C iaz) Fault for a maximum probable ear:hquaka (7.024). YOC'NTA:'!S - Moderate :o steep hill- GROUND FAILURE - :aderace to 'nigh landslide side a:-as if 4encaballo Ridge and pocncial under saismic and non-seismic - Snuad Shak:a-s San:a C: .z Meuacaics. conditions in hillside areas vi:h slopes 4 - 2 - ;r>.nc Failte steeper than 152; ground '__rc i:-.g and [:ac- ,_ ._.. ':a_:'.c :cg• :mr_ng expected within 2000 E vest if :he 3arrocal Fault and :he San .Andrsas Faui:. 7?C'7;1) 3C?7JdE - High oecenc'_a'_v::h 500 f:. if if :ae ::ace of tae Ian Andreas macerate patent-al 600 ft. +es: of :he ::ace if :he 3arrocal' ?suit. • The spec__ :;rte o; :ec hn is al invescigaat.n should :anion :0 :he is:a'_2s eesc-iDed La e Ju:_enes :_r ' ^•:2s:_3 a__:', an_ _]nil:lo.^.s 2SJr2sse= a :.'.e 3ea:ec.1r.__a: ie•—_ew ?-Jcez,-t, C;:, if :upec-:1o. PUBLIC HEALTH & SAFETY 6-10 TAf kA Mr. F:16c� to -F—= M2 QAL- VALIZI PILb2 AUNIOM ED QTx - SOWA UAP#r Vaz► 116N �Ti1R�st AUl1 TM,TRtt- -"iAR/ SEviMf�rta?� pCXS 0 K.Jr - f�?ANU5GAN M$GAb5-, P49-MM-5uP FAULT I 1 1 PUBLIC HEALTH A SAFETY 6-11 Landslide activity in the valley floor is anticipated along the higher portions of Stevens Creek embankments. These areas are confined to local sites along the entrenched stream canyon ex- tending from the front of the hillside region across the valley floor terrain unit. The hazard imposed by failure of stream em- bankments can be reduced significantly by restricting construc- tion activities at'the base and top of unstable embankments. Acceptable Level of Risk The assignment of an acceptable level of risk for seismic and geologic hazards must relate to the appropriateness of land use and building design standards commensurate with the degree of hazard associated with specific geologic and seismic conditions of the zone in which a proposed project is to be located. Table 6-D was reproduced from.a.report prepared by'the State of Cali- fornia Joint Committee for Seismic Safety. The table identifies an acceptable level of risk for seven land use categories. The table describes four levels of acceptable risk ranging from ex- temely low to ordinary. The middle column labeled "Land Use Group" relates risk assignment to land use activities. "Extremely low risk category",for example, is assigned to highly critical structures such as a large dam and vital public utility facili- ties. Conversely, an ordinary risk category is assigned to low and moderate occupancy buildings such as single-family residences, warehouses and farm structures. The third column describes the possible additional cost associated with measures to reduce risk and more importantly, generally identifies the level of protec- tion for life and property. Land use activities within the extremely low category must be designed to achieve maximum attainable safety. For example, Stevens Creek Reservoir must be designed to remain totally func- tional if subjected to ground shaking caused by a maximum prob- able event on fault systems within the planning area. There is no set percentage of cost associated with structural safety im- provements since those improvements must be made at any cost. ' On the other hand, various activities in the "ordinary" level of risk is estimated to result in a 1 to 2 percent cost over -ride to provide the desired level of safety. Figure 6-F identifies critical facilities that must remain intact following a maximum probable earthquake on either the San Andreas Sargent-Berrocal or Monta Vista fault systems. Most of'these facilities are owned and managed by private utility companies or other public agencies that are beyond the direct control of the City of Cupertino. The purpose of the critical facility map is to ensure that public officials and private entities are aware of the need to evaluate their facilities within the Planning Area in terms of their potentital for disruption of service or poten- tial hazard to Cupertino citizens. Cupertino City Hall, for ex- ample, functions as one of the communication centers for natural Flood Risk page 6-31 Figure 6-K I 1 F CI' I 1 1 E PUBLIC HEALTH &SAFETY 6-12 Table 6-D Acceptable exposure to Rlsk Related to Various Land Uses Land uses and structural types are arranged belowaccording to the Level of exposure to acceptable risk appropriate e to each :roup: i.e. the lowest level of exposure co acceptable risk should be allowed for Group I and the highest level of exposure to acceptable risk for Group 1. Extra Project Cost Probably Level of Acceptable Required to Reduce Risk to Exposure to Risk Land Ilse Group an Acceptable Level Extremela Low Group l: Vulnerable structures, the failure of which might be No sec percentage (whatever is catastrophic such as nuclear reactors, larva dams, required for maximum accain- and plants manufacturing or scoring explosives or able safety). toxic materials. Group 2 Vital public utility facilities, such aselectric The structure shall be designed to transmission lncercles (500 KV), nucwork cies (2)0 remain functional following a KV), and substations, regional water supply dis- maximum projected earthquake on cributior facilities, such as aqueducts and valley local fault systems. pipelines, treatment plants and pumping stations, and gas transmission mains. Law Group J Major communication and transportation facilities, 5 cc 25 percent of project cost. such as airports, telephone lines and terminals, bridges. funnels, freeways and overpasses, and evacuation routes. Vater retention structures such as small dame and Structures shall be designed cc levees. remain functional following a maximum probable earthquake on Emergency facilities, such as hospitals, fire and local fault systems. police stations, ambulance services, post -earth- quake aid stations, schools, City Rall, Oe Anza College and convalescent homes Group 4 Involuntary occupancy facilities, such as convalescent and nursing homes, schools and prlsons. Nigh occupancy buildings, such as theaters, arenas. Large office buildings and hotels, and large apartment buildings or complexes. euderataly Group 5 Public utility facilities. such as metropolitan 5 to 15 percent of project cost. Low feeder electric transmission routes (60 and 115 KV), water supply turnout lines, and sewage Structures shall be designed to lines. Rive reasonable assurance of pre- epting injury or loss of life Facilities which are of major importance to the during a maximum probable earth - local economy quake on local fault syscams. The structure need not be designed to remain functional. Ordinary Risk Group 6 Minor transportation facilities, such as 1 to 2 percent of prpject cost Level arterials and parkways. in most cases (2 co LO percent of project costs in a minority Low to moderate occupancy buildings, such as of cases). single-family residences, small apartment buildings, motels and small commercial/office/ professional light industrial buildings. Group 1 Very Low occupancy building such a warehouses. Structures shall be des lned cu storage areas, and farm structures• resist minor earthquakes, wicb- out damage, resist moderate Open space and recreation areas, farm lands, earthquakes without structural sanitary land fills and wildlife areas. damage. but some non-strucural damage, resist paint earthquakes (maximum probable for lccol faux: systems) without collapse but with some structural and non- structural damage. ,rLrl(E\lit6'3 u �: t \ �\,. x. \\\t _y. rl IIrN r ' �\• 9t(t// / f r, t�Ayttr ���VA v� VVh � �l�t tl'/ ✓fji /!�, / !NI + ri ` �.�\� \Aw v \ v'•'� r � rlUt I r ijrl i;/f r rr rr iilrr \ y A40 �� lr'IJIi af/� t tlir t i(rJJi11 �A�rrIIF if fiflol I�?� t , 4 I r. 1�% ✓� �''' tl/1 trt /IA K\Y I If if ,/ C20 11vVV�i!{f V(I{`�. s $ -' ?/ "f P�;;'Y`i/ oir --.�-...v.,rf✓ •f ` {� /'port!/ I tllci/yI//fl`�Ir�f(I�t; r r/jalr(=l t6(`v! 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Y' i it I _-\ I\ -''-5` Ii\\_>al\\,Ili(, rr{1_Il!(J'rl /ii � , 1�-'I� ��r,Z7 _'-� \�It+ / .� f!/f f%:• `t :,`,\ �\\. ,:. .�\� i 1-J ill :��.``�:_-:'~ tt' �\ (i: � \�(ltl+\�t'rt��\I 11r i'. :ji �y"//i//nr.i\i,�ft;ti`'a/J�/,� :! _ - � ' '.: ^. ..,_ i, -i/ rt// ✓/% \_ /r:' :',✓ ,��i ��\ 'i. \ �\t\ !: t ;r i? =.✓ r ,Ir _ r -4'o i1�,�i�rav�-{'rtl/ i� � � / ,1-r' /�..�.�. .,\ fr, lei % 1>1 � // ) `-_ '°QST' ' j.✓ ��/'%r l j .J , t . i, t g;:. \o K LA1J� '. If t i'\�,�,%Il`/. //_�...._. \ :�t\\t `t-1,.r,yJ,y..✓l a ll ..si'r��-`\;. if; J/ �J--�'�l /i� '•\ i•��"i' .� r 0 ,\ t-.GeJ7-16AL FA61LJTIE`5 44,4Q KkU WCAf-AL BUIL-DINCgs s�HooL WATT-�>z TANK Or__ AF_SFZ.V012 FIIZE -STP.T1014 PU--EWAY OVFJ2PASS Cf-UTLI�- i ) MF�IGAL SUPPUti� ✓ -!�-,wITAICY SawEf�T211NK LN! PG E F RANSMISSIdJ LINES W4.TEfL MAIMS SGV.W,D. Wl=ST FI P1=Lt N'6 - I F 1 1 J 1 1 PUBLIC HEALTH & SAFETY 6-l4 disasters including seismic events and therefore, will play a major role in coordinating emergency service. Additionally, the City is responsible to ensure that critical elements of the mu- nicipal water system are designed to withstand a maximum earth- quake so as to remain functional for fire fighting purposes and domestic water. Table 6-E represents a policy position regarding the degree of technical evaluation required to ensure that hazards for new development are reduced to an acceptable level based on various land use types. Critical facilities located within the Planning Area should be evaluated and, if necessary, structurally modified to withstand a maximum earthquake. Table 6-E TECHNICAL i:IVESTII:AILIMS OR111RP1 ill DISI11 STRIITUIIi IASEII II,IM ACCF RTARLE LEVEL OF RISK FOR VARIOUS UNIT VSE ARIVI:IFS POLICY RECO10ENDATIONS The policy recommendation section of this element of the plan identifies specific actions that the City should take to reduce the risk of injury or property loss as a result of seismic and geologic activity. ' The greatest opportunity for preventing future injuries and property loss from seismic and geologic activities exists in the area of regulating new development. While it is difficult to ' retrofit old development to reduce risks, the City in cooperation with the private development sector has the opportunity to locate and design structures in a manner to reasonably reduce risks. ' Policv 6-1:A seismic/ geologic review process should be formally adopted and utilized to evaluate new develop- went proposals in all areas of the community. Strategy No. 1: The "acceptable level of risk” (Table 6-D) shall be utilized as a means of identifying an acceptable level of exposure to risk for land use types. ' The table provides general structural design criteria for each land use group.to.minimize.risk. VF I:1 1+31 pl•1: 41:1 L1pJ V CB.: 11C wl[v S. t! SO I I♦ Dopa l -C \e tral< uatarJ It I. -i Ya [arJ C.olo�v Y U.. CSC I'Ff CI1V11v .olla 5a ll. supe 5-7 ,.nluyV Il e,<[l p[tan nnl-I Eva lual In n: UEC: OiA E41111 o '.Al;o— h1Id1nQ Con.. Sul lf: ollf a unda[lon l f[ti+[:on [ dA �nll llv of top el .o 11 mod [o loot to —ppno ort lu'er�l e nnA lute Al al�[y rn uod[aa nr mml[lnn6. �.[ana lc.. -10 1e 11m -11, and .[[<...l I.- Lwd'.z t '. 71, 1-ld c • .l 1�1:a ,a nl.R. r. [Ey1ke vv l.a.[aIv n,nF Inllti 1u11- +ader I' Auld ♦e a'. Munn ..ore ,[rinaen[ [.¢ulr. nen[.. • -_Val la r+pu r.[ In la!ler F1.•.♦ 4a[ n. o L t[a oa .will. [.n[lal fo[ ,IoW In.[ae llr [v, - l Ia to ..... d:v. ne .rp spa I„rrnm . , POLICY RECO10ENDATIONS The policy recommendation section of this element of the plan identifies specific actions that the City should take to reduce the risk of injury or property loss as a result of seismic and geologic activity. ' The greatest opportunity for preventing future injuries and property loss from seismic and geologic activities exists in the area of regulating new development. While it is difficult to ' retrofit old development to reduce risks, the City in cooperation with the private development sector has the opportunity to locate and design structures in a manner to reasonably reduce risks. ' Policv 6-1:A seismic/ geologic review process should be formally adopted and utilized to evaluate new develop- went proposals in all areas of the community. Strategy No. 1: The "acceptable level of risk” (Table 6-D) shall be utilized as a means of identifying an acceptable level of exposure to risk for land use types. ' The table provides general structural design criteria for each land use group.to.minimize.risk. L' PUBLIC HEALTH .& SAFETY 6-15 ' Strategy No. 2: Table 6-E of the Seismic Safety Back- ground Report shall be used to determine the necessary geotechnical.and structural analysis based upon the re- lationship of a proposed land use activity to its lo- cation within a specific hazard zone. ' Strategy No. 3: The City shall give a high priority . to the incorporation of additional and most recent earthquake resistant design techniques into the build- ing design and structural engineering process. ' Strategy No. 4: The City shall upgrade residential i construction standards to reduce earthquake damage to non -engineered construction. The upgraded construc- tion standards shall be limited to minor construction techniques and components which do not significantly raise the cost of construction. Additional bracing for garage openings of two-story and split-level homes and increased first story bracing in multi -family residences located over automobile parking are specific examples of minor upgraded standards. Strategy No. 5: The City shall adopt a geotechnical ' review procedure which incorporates geotechnical con- cerns into the development review process. ' addressing seismic safety concerns relative to the existing en- vironment is more difficult to deal with. In most cases, it is not practical to retrofit buildings to incorporate revised ' seismic safety standards. Fortunately, the "built" environment of Cupertino is newand, therefore, most structures within the City were built according to a building code which incorporates ' structural components and designs to resist ground shaking. Nevertheless, Group 1 through 4 structures identified as "criti- cal facilities" should be re-evaluated, particularly those struc- tures located in the high hazard zones identified on the geologic ' hazards zone map. Many agencies have completed, or are in the process of conducting, a seismic safety evaluation of their fac- ilities. For example, local school districts throughout the ' State have evaluated and modified their structures to resist ground shaking. All of the school facilities within the City of Cupertino comply with the legally -mandated standards. The Santa Clara Valley Water District recently completed an eval- uation of the safety of Stevens Creek Reservoir. Based on the construction technique used to build the dam (hydraulic fill) and ' the proximity of the Berrocal and Monta Vista faults, the dis- trict determined that the risk factor was too great to allow the dam to continue to impound water pending completion of additional ' safety review of the facility. In still another example, the State Department of Transportation is conducting an evaluation of PUBLIC HEALTH & SAFETY freeway overcrossing structures throughout the State to deter- mine their resistance to ground shaking. Policy 6-2:The City shall conduct an evaluation of its own facilities described within the Critical Facilities Map and will encourage other private and public agen- cies within its planning area to conduct evaluations of critical facilities to reduce risks consistent with Table 6-D. Strategy No. 1: A structural engineer should be re- tained to evaluate the City Hall Emergency Operating Center and the structures housing the City's emer- gency equipment. The engineer shall make design rec- ommendations, if necessary, to ensure that this struc- ture will remain functional following a maximum prob- able earthquake on the San Andreas, Sargent-Berrocal and Monta Vista faults. It is not economically feasible for the public or private sector to conduct an evaluation of non-critical facilities listed for land use activity Groups 5 through 7 on Table 6-E. The City government should, however, initiate an educational effort to enable residents, industrial employers and businessmen to protect their property and reduce risk of injury. Policv 6-3: The City should initiate an educational program informing residents of means to reduce seismic related hazards. Strategy No. 1: The City should continue its program of requiring developers to record a covenant informing future residents in: high risk areas that a seismic risk is present and that certain information is available within City Hall records. The above requirement is in additional to the State requirement of recording information regarding the geological report- on the face of a subdivision map document. 1 Flood Hazard Policy 6-13 page 6-35 PUBLIC HEALTH & SAFETY 6- of Strategy No. 2: The City should publish a general in- formational flyer to be submitted in conjunction with the Cupertino Scene outlining a. series of simple, yet ef- fective, steps that homeowners and businessmen can take to minimize risks associated with earthquakes. Exam- ples are tieing down gas applicances to reduce top- pling and subsequent fires, install an appropriate tool ' adjacent to gas turn-off valves, describing safe loca- tions within structures to gather during an earthquake, a recommendation that periodic drills be held with ' family members, and advising residents to main- tain minimal first-aid supplies, food and drinking water. ' Strategy No. 3: The City should activate the emer- gency operating center as quickly as possible to pro- vide the focal point for communications in needed time of emergency. Fire Hazard Cupertino residents and properties are located in a number of en- vironmental settings, each of which has a varying degree of ex- posure to fire hazard. The greatest degree of fire risk exposure is borne by residents and property owners within the foothill and mountainous regions of the planning area which is located outside of the City's corporate limits. While the City does not have a direct involvement in public safety aspects of fire hazard within this mountain region, fire safety within Montebello Ridge and Stevens Canyon area does affect the community directly. Major fires would decrease the effectiveness of the Stevens Creek Water- shed, would cause siltation of downstream portions of the stream - beds thereby increasing flooding potential, and would diminish recreation opportunites. ' DEGREE OF HAZARD WITHIN THE FOOTHILL AND MOUNTAINOUS AREA ' The California Division of Forestry utilizes a fire hazard class- ification system to identify severity of potential fire within the foothills. The system is based upon three natural factors. ' The natural factors relate to vegetative cover or fuel factor, the degree of slope, and critical fire weather. The degree of hazard to life and property is affected not only by the naturally hazardous condition but also the degree of road access for resi- dents to evacuate a fire area, the number of fire suppression personnel able to respond to the fire, the degree of availability ' or water to suppress fire, and the effectiveness of building codes and follow-through inspection of developments in fire haz- ard areas. Figure 6-G is a composite map identifying the degree of hazard for life and property within the mountainous and foot- hill region. The legend of the map describes the fire hazard If i X1 4. (- \ - \1 `� S � w.. +. J .e Ytr"•.�{!rt 1-``-w., yr. , 1 - .. ,. ��� �.' 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I � C �r MRF A�A v�rA vt= ees«>Rc�s _ s)-V&T WNDS WA. 3) 5cer MAP, -,O N/ft b) X2 WCDPLAND/&PA5SS) 7),RJ:DWOOD X3 CIIAPA12RAL )(Z 9) NA;2DNxfl/WXwip XL ofnON 11) FJ APJM ' X 3 -4 13)AM XA z E 1l.e"N XI PaMLOPMF•NT Ib) NON-URBM vz-spmmr/AL X3 =U);LSEVEPnN/ Fi.ALTp12 5LOPE CAAG&FILATION 1)LI&WG32.2T/ac.)x1 1)0-40% xi•O Z)MEa MT5-r/AG) XS z)41 -b0% x 6b 3)NEAYY ('`37f/AG) XI6 3)bl"/o+ XS.o 6RM16AL Frnt= WrATFIEP. 1) LeZ TW I MOV OF F1_. 1. 28 OP_ MOIg, X1 POS OF FL.1. OPIAME 2),I-Oa5 x2 910+ PAYS OF F.L.I. OJ2 MW -,Ex S N07E5: (1421) NUMEOCAL_ 6OD1N6, -14=W,&. p,E5: Z-CRJr• >:m=WFaTHEEe (1-/2,O)MODEM4M HA7AP.D (1(0-32-) HI&H HAZA2C) x` (51.2-2-%) I�X72_JNaMZAP_P HAZAIZP005 P/,2E AP—;;74 UNE AP P 15P BY O Y OF GUPF-eTWO JULY 2-, 1074 • 5aOz: -AwA C4AO4 /awry PtANNIN& oEiAerMFpfr . GENERAL bEFINIVON OF -� DEV&LOPED A'2i^AS POOL46 AL-L-WEhTREP 2oAp -- — — — HA-ZAPDOUS Fr2F- A2jFA- 15OUNIP/ti2y D�FF)NEP RY UNIF02M FlfS GOD>✓ 5 U VI D > . �4N SFS GE BDUN Cfrr Of CUPERTINO s comprehensive plan 1979 I 16 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 PUBLIC HEALTH & SAFETY 6-19 severity matrix utilized by the California Division of Forestry and outlines the location of road systems within the location and the schematic location of development. There are approximately 16 square miles of land area within the mountainous section of the Cupertino planning area. The number of existing dwellings in the mountainous region is estimated at approximately 100 and based upon the application of the Santa Clara R-20 zoning regulations, the estimated maximum potential number of households within the planning area ranges between 112 and 190 dwellings. Thus, relative to the land area involved, the exposure to fire hazard is limited to a relatively small number of households. A very large portion of the land within the mountainous region is publicly owned either by the MidPeninsula Regional Open Space District or the Santa Clara County Parks System. The human ex- posure to fire risk can be quite extensive during certain peak periods of the year when the park systems are fully utilized. Road Access The hillside road system is illustrated on Figure 6-G. The pub- lic road access is obviously severly limited. The road access problem is compounded by a decision by the Santa Clara County Board of Supervisors to eliminate an emergency road access plan- ning program approximately five years ago. At the present time, individual property owners are requested to act independently or form groups to maintain existing fire access roads. The im- plementation of the more restrictive zoning patterns has re- stricted development to the degree that it is not feasible to ex- pand previously planned fire road to form linkages. The above conditions have been assessed by Santa Clara County in conjunc- tion with this Public Safety Element. The County lists the Monte- bello Road/Stevens Canyon area as the fourth highest fire risk area within the County of Santa Clara. Figure 6-G also identifies existing fire tails. There is a fire trail that links Montebello Road and the Palo Alto Sphere of In- fluence to the bottom of Stevens Canyon. A quarter mile gap in the fire trail system is being considered for extension by the MidPeninsula Regional Open Space District to facilitate patrol activities. The District is working with the California Depart- ment of Fish and Game to gain approval, to improve and recon- struct the former fire trail, and to provide continuity of access. There is a fire trail that extends from Skyline Boulevard through Charcoal Road thence down to Stevens Canyon. There are segments of that road that are not paved and are extremely steep (over 20%) and therefore would not be passable by standard passenger vehicles, The road accessibility problem within developing areas of the lower foothills within the. City's Urban Service Area is less serious. The City has instituted a policy of requiring an all weather surface private emergency access connection between pub- lic streets within Lindy Canyon and Regnart Canyon. The system of public streets and private fire access roadways will be : PUBLIC HEALTH & SAFETY 6-1-10 within the Kaiser property located north of Stevens Creek and in the Inspiration Heights area should that area de- velop. The public roadway and private fire access system'is*de- fined on Figure 6-G. ' Water Supply on Montebello Ridge and Stevens Canyon ' There are no private or public water systems within the Monte- bello Road and Stevens Canyon area. The County Land Development Committee requires each homesite to be served by a 5,000 gallon tank. It is theoretically possible to have jointly owned and ' operated water storage systems. It is possible to reduce the total unit gallonage as long as there is an adequate water main distribution for all homes sharing the joint facility. The Santa ' Clara County Public Safety Element references a County Fire Chief's Association recommendation for a minimal water storage requirement of 10,000 gallons for a structure over 1,600 sq. ft. ' located in a -remote fire hazard area. The County Public Safety Element has an'adopted policy position suggesting that the County's land development regulations include that standard. At the present time, there is no apparent support for increasing ' the tank standard nor is there any commitment of County resources to ensure that the minimal 5,000 gallon tanks are periodically inspected. Water Supply for Foothill Regions within the Urban Service Area J 1 1 By definition, all development within the Urban Service Area will be served by a water system that complies with City standards relative to the supply of water for domestic and fire flow pur- poses. In the short term, a few developed areas within the Urban Service Area have an inadequate water system. Examples are existing lots within the upper reach of Regnart Canyon and a few areas within the Inspiration Heights planning area. In the long term, these areas will receive better fire flow as the City's municipal water system expands in conjunction with new development and capital improvements programming. Building Codes The City of Cupertino and County of Santa Clara utilize a Uniform Fire Code and designate appropriate areas of each jurisdiction as Hazardous Fire Areas. The fire codes regulate the types of mater- ials that are suitable within a hazardous fire environment and regulate the proximity of combustible vegetation to a structure. The County Fire Marshal and Central Fire District have the auth- ority to regulate activities within designated fire hazard areas including the extreme position of closing an area to the public. Neither the City nor the County have an effective inspection pro- gram to ensure that the Uniform Fire Code regulations are contin- ually obeyed. Funding limitations may eventually require indi- viduals living within rural fire areas to police their own prop- erty and in consort with neighbors monitor activities of their 0 1 I I PUBLIC HEALTH & SAFETY 6-21 neighbors that may jeopardize their property because of careless- ness. FIRE HAZARDS ON THE URBANIZED VALLEY FLOOR Life and property within the City of Cupertino is protected by a well managed fire protection service. Buildings within the City are relatively new; the City has a strong code enforcement pro- gram, and has adequate water service. Therefore, while there is always a risk of fire in any urban environment, Cupertino citi- zens/property owners are not subject to unusually high fire haz- ard. The above conclusion notwithstanding, there is room for improvement relative to the reduction of fire hazard in specific geographical areas. Fire risk in an urban setting is based upon building characteristics including construction techniques, mat- erials and heights, the degree of accessibility measured in dis- tance and time from fire suppression men and equipment and upon the availability of water. Relationship of Building Design and Materials to Fire Risk The City utilizes the Uniform Fire Code and Uniform Building Code to regulate building construction and site planning in a manner to minimize fire hazards. In regard to the Uniform Building Code, all area within the City's corporate limits are designated a fire zone 3 which is the least restrictive of the three fire zones and yet is one that is commonly utilized by suburban communities in which the majority of buildings are built with modern standards and buildings are separated reducing the risk of fire spreading from one structure to another. The Fire Zone 1 category which is the most restrictive zone is generally applied to central business district areas in older communities. Large commercial and industrial buildings in Cupertino are designed to.separate large areas thereby eliminating the spreading of fire. The City requires automatic sprinkler systems -and fire detection systems which additionally reduce risks. The City of Cupertino and the Central Fire District conduct per- iodic inspections of commercial and industrial properties to en- sure that fire regulations are followed. The City does not, how- ever, require that single-family homes be inspected to ensure that appropriate code sections are maintained. The City does require that smoke alarms be installed on new structures and had con- sidered the possibility of requiring the smoke detectors and warning devices in older homes in conjunction with the transfer of property. Accessibility Generally speaking, an ideal service area for a fire station is a 1 1/2 mile radius. More specifically, a large concentration of commercial and industrial buildings may require an ideal 3/4 mile radius and conversely one and two family dwellings located in a very rural environment may permit a radius of up to 3 and 4 miles 1.1 1 1 1 1 PUBLIC HEALTH & SAFETY 6 or more. Figure 6-H identifies the 3/4, 1 1/2 and 2 miles dis- tance isobars from three central fire district stations and the Rainbow -Blaney Avenue station within the City of San Jose. Dis- tance isobars from the fire station is an indicator of potential response time for fire agencies. The actual response time may vary between areas depending upon levels.of traffic congestion and other impediments.:,:Por the purpose of this element, the ideal -service area lines are used to access 'the relative degree of accessibility to various areas within the community. Since one of the primary objectives of emergency fire services is to reduce response time, the City's policy of discouraging through commute traffic through neighborhoods may result in im- plementation programs that curtail accessibility. Additionally, private security systems for planned residential communities may include impediments to access and must be carefully evaluated. Water Supply The adequacy of water supply has great affect upon the ability of the fire protection agency to suppress fires. Figure 6-I des- cribes private and public water systems that serve the community. The San Jose Water Works and California Water Service distribu- tion systems supply the relatively new areas of the community and accordingly, the water lines and distribution systems are ade- quate to meet both domestic and fire flow needs of the community. Although the systems meet today's needs under the franchise agree- ment with the City of Cupertino and other agreements with fire protection agencies, neither private water system is required to maintain adequate fire flows. The Central Fire District and the City of Cupertino administrative staffs are investigating the possibility of new legislation, if needed, that would require minimum fire flow capabilities be maintained by municipal water service providers within the community. The City of Cupertino's domestic water system was acquired in ' 1960. The initial system consisted of old distribution lines and pumping facilities. The water utility has modernized lines pri- marily through new development. There are areas within the com- munity that must be upgraded to meet minimum fire flow require- ments. Figure 6-: identifies deficiencies within the present system that should be corrected. ' DEFI`]ITLON OF ACCEPTABLE LEVEL OF RISK The definition of acceptable level of risk is based upon the de- gree to which economic resources are allocated to protect indi- viduals and property from fire. To a large extent, the insurance rating system can be used as a quantitative means of defining acceptable level of risk. Fire insurance rates paid by property owners and renters in Cupertino is based upon the American Insur- ance Administration grading schedule which evaluates a number of factors that relate to fire hazard. Table 6-F identifies the I1 ti II I I I I I F� I I I 1 I I PUBLIC HEALTH & SAFETY -_ 712E 5E2V6E 4r-r-50uwD4fUE6 5ANTA C"CP, COUNT{ GrWrZAL rlrf, STATION �q MILZ get'_VIGe_ ACEA. I i MtLe_e, SEr-64rAF->A 2 MILE6 Servl6E AV -E-A :ITY OP 5Aµ Wsl PIKL STAT(OM MILa: Set:VICE ARP}. $OWJDAZ-f MIL>GS seX-VICE Xerz F3OUNDA2.`( CITY of CUPERTINO • comprehensive plan In I PUBLIC HEALTH &SAFETY r-24 I I II II II uj II � I � I IL I I row FI w W, & --- r- wAtre?- 15e4a4icv- CITY of CUPERTINO - comprehensive plan LU I PUBLIC HEALTH &SAFETY ' Taclr 6-G Points of Deficiency Which Determine Class for factors utilized in insurance grading schedule together with ics relative values. Table 6-G correlates the deficiency points with Major Items in Grading Schedule itt�-urance rate classifications. '7a3lr 6 -r - lea:cr Fire Total Possible Points of Deficiency and ' Relative Value of Items in Grading Schedule ' C:ass Suepiy Department ' Relative Item Values Pe: Cent of Tota! Conditiori Water supph. ................. L-rA 34 0-1"0 Fire department ................... 300 30 ' Fire alar,... 030 1l Fire prevendor....... . 3:0 7 151-300 5uiicine demarment............ 20 z 21=0 Structural conditions. .......... 'CO is ' Climatic or unusual condit;.om. 301-50 111-163 Diner¢ence between F.. 'It ? a;-60 1n1-21.0 1le:3 ...................... — ' local ........................J.000 :W ' Taclr 6-G ' Class 1—O to 300 points of dencencv Class 9-501 to 1.000 points of deficiency Class 3-1,001 to 1.300 points of deficiency ' Class 4-1,301 to 2,000 Points of de5ciencN Class 5—^_.001 to 9.500 points of defictencc Class 6—''--.301 to 3.000 points of dcncencN Class 7-3.001 to 1,510 Points of _441ciencv Gass 3-3,301 to 4,000 Points of denciencN Class 9 '...001 to 4500 Points of denriency Class 10-x.501 and oser Points of dendenr. Points of Deficiency Which Determine Class for Major Items in Grading Schedule lea:cr Fire Fire ' Fire Building StructUrai ' C:ass Suepiy Department Alarm Prevention Dcpar=ent Conditiori 1....... 0-1"0 0-;50 0-53 0-35 0-20 0-70! 2. . !'I-3=0 151-300 56-110 36-70 21=0 71-i+0 3. 3=1-510 301-50 111-163 71-105 a;-60 1n1-21.0 511_S30 451-600 165-220 106-!40 61-30 3?'. -2s0 3.. _ cal -?50 60! -TJ 221-275 141-i-5 31-!00 2s1-350 6........ 0.0 -i! -9C0 ?".i -33J 176-210 10t-120 3i! =20 ,.. .... 102!-1!90 901-1050 331-335 21.1-2-5 12!-!+0 a2i=90 ' -1X95 2Si-313 161-130 ;61-i3' =96-350 3:5-350 lei -20!) 631-"00 ' Class 1—O to 300 points of dencencv Class 9-501 to 1.000 points of deficiency Class 3-1,001 to 1.300 points of deficiency ' Class 4-1,301 to 2,000 Points of de5ciencN Class 5—^_.001 to 9.500 points of defictencc Class 6—''--.301 to 3.000 points of dcncencN Class 7-3.001 to 1,510 Points of _441ciencv Gass 3-3,301 to 4,000 Points of denciencN Class 9 '...001 to 4500 Points of denriency Class 10-x.501 and oser Points of dendenr. PUBLIC HEALTH & SAFETY The municipality with a Class 1, for example, would have a very low level of -risk while on the other hand a Class 10 area would have a very high level of risk and therefore higher insurance rates. It would be conceivable for the City to achieve a Class 1 or 3. category in order to provide a maximum protection of life ' and property and therefore lower insurance rates. However, in or6er to accomplish the change in classification from the City's current level of Class 4 to a Class 1 or 2 a considerable expen- diture of monies would have to be made to augment the water sup- ply, to increase manning levels and number of fire stations, and place greater restrictions on -.buildings. Since fire insurance premiums will not change that drastically it would be far more economically beneficial for both the community as a whole and for individual private property owners not to spend the monies needed to change the lower classification. The above comments not withstanding, it is important to improve the ' level of fire protection and to decrease response time for emer- gency medical cares for individuals for certain areas within the community. The following policy section of this document is designed ' to provide a better level of protection for certain sub- areas of the community. ---I L -MA Suggested Policies for the Fire Hazard Section of the Seismic ' Safety Element The mountainous terrain outside of the Urban Service Area is the ' most hazardous area within the Cupertino Planning Area. The City does not have a direct involvement in the public safety aspects of fire hazards within the mountainous region of the Planning Area. However, fire safety within Montebello Ridge and Stevens ' Canyon area does directly affect the community. Major fires would decrease the effectiveness of the Stevens Creek water shed and would cause siltation of downstream portions of streambeds, ' thereby increasing flooding potential. A major fire would de- crease recreation opportunities on lands owned by the County Park system and the MidPeninsula Regional Open Space District and ' destroy the City's scenic backdrop. Therefore, the City of Cup- ertino has a vital concern relative to fire hazards on land out- side of the Urban Service Area. It would appear that the elected and appointed County officials are not implementing the County's ' Public Safety Element policies designed to reduce fire hazards within the hillsides. For example, the County delineated a pro- gram to design and maintain fire roads. County officials have not implemented recommendations by the County Fire Marshal's Office and other fire protection individuals to change standards increasing the water storage capacity for homesites from 5,000 to 10,000 gallons. Nor has the County allocated resources for proper inspection of water facilities. Cupertino.'s.Public Safety Element therefore should encourage the County to take greater steps to reduce the risk of a major fire within the reg- ions of the Cupertino planning area. Although County PUBLIC HEALTH & SAFETY government has not adequately implemented its fire prevention policies regarding land development, the County Board of Super- visors has recently entered into an agreement with a volunteer fire department formed to provide fire protection for the Monte- bello Ridge and Stevens Canyon area. The volunteer group's pur- pose is to provide fire protection during the months of October through May when the California State Division of Forestry Sta- tion at Stevens Creek Reservoir is unmanned. The Central Fire District will provide administrative support and the California ' Division of Forestry will provide training. The Board of Super- visors has agreed to provide $6,000 a year to fund in= surance for the group. Local residents have conducted fund ' raising events to provide equipment and plan. to install addi- tional water storage capabilities for fire protection purposes. Policy 6-4:The City of Cupertino shall encourage the County to actively pursue the implementation of poli- cies contained in the County Public Safety Element re- garding the reduction of fire hazards. ' Strategy 1: The City of Cupertino shall re- quest the Board of Supervisors to provide extra funding, if required, to enable the County Public Works Department to design a comprehensive cir- culation system for Montebello Ridge and upper Stevens Canyon. The circulation plan should in- clude future alignment for public roads, private ' roads and fire roads. The road planning ef- forts should include provisions to develop a regulation which would coordinate the timing ' and location of future development in a manner to ensure safe access prior to actual construc- tion of new dwellings. The plan should also ' provide for either direct public maintenance or a publicly regulated private maintenance pro- gram for private roads and fire roads. Stragety 2:. The City Council will actively pursue the implementation of a Santa Clara County Public Safety Element policy which recom- mends that the minimum water storage capacity for a home exceeding 1,600 sq. ft. be raised ' from 5,000 to 10,000 gallons. The City Council shall also monitor efforts to implement a County program to periodically inspect water storage facilities. The implementation of policies and programs to ensure adequate access and water supply, coupled with already effective reg- ulations to ensure fire retardant building materials, and clear- ance of natural vegetation around dwellings, would help protect ' residents and property within the hillsides. 6-27 ' PUBLIC HEALTH & SAFETY 6-29 Policy 6-5:The City of Cupertino should encourage the MidPeninsula Regional Open Space District and the ' County of Santa Clara Board of Supervisors (Parks De- partment) to continue efforts in Fuel management to reduce fire hazard. 1 Policy 6-6:The City of Cupertino should encourage the MidPeninsula Regional Open Space District to consider ' uses for open space lands as a means to create "green" fire breaks. Use of this concept may include the pos- sibility of commercial timber harvesting for firewood or building products. ' Residents living within the Urban Service Area have an acceptable level of fire protection. There are however, a number of im- provements that can be made to increase safety in specific areas. II II II II I 1 II I 1 Policy 6-7:The City shall prepare a master fire plan for the community. The intent of the plan is to out- line a fire protection program which achieves the ob- jective of obtaining a high degree of fire protection with a minimum of public and private costs. The break point in the level of service versus costs equation would be determined in conjunction with the master fire plan. The plan should determine the optimum level of fire pro- tection service for each land use type. The study shall analyze the degree to which private property owners should be responsible for protection costs via building and fire codes (fire protection emphasis) versus increased fire stations and manning level costs (fire suppression emphasis). Policy 6-8: A secondary means of access may be required for a hillside subdivision where a dead-end public street is longer than 1,000 ft. The secondary means of access may be a private roadway with easement rights to allow public use during an emergency. Policy 6-9: The City shall continue to require smoke detectors in new residential construction and shall con- tinue to support the effort of fire protection agencies to educate the residents of existing homes to install smoke detectors. The City shall also utilize the Cupertino Scene to assist efforts of fire protection agencies to alert Cupertino citizens to fire hazards and the means to correct them. I 16 1 1 1 1 1 PUBLIC HEALTH & SAFETY 6-29 Flood Hazard The lives and property of Cupertino citizens are subject to flooding resulting from large rainstorms, failure of a man-made storage facility, and from a landslide -created water impound basin. Flood Hazard From Rainstorms The flood hazard resulting from large rainstorms is the most.common source of flooding; however, it is relatively the least serious in terms of risk to life and property. The vast watersheds within the Santa Cruz Mountain range feed into four major streambeds which traverse the City: Permanente Creek, Stevens Creek, Regnart Creek and Calabazas Creek. Figure 6-J identifies the location of the streambeds and the extent of a flood that has a 1X chance of happening during any given year. The 19. flood or 100 -year event is accepted as a standard "design" flood condition by the Federal Flood Insurance Administration, the Army Corp of Engineers and locally by the Santa Clara Valley Water District and the City of Cupertino. The rationale for the 100 -year event criteria is discussed in a later section re- garding acceptable level of risk. The balance of Cupertino's urban area is protected from flooding by the City's sub -surface concrete storm drain system. The City storm drain system was initially designed for a three year storm (i.e. maximum storm than can occur once in every three years). ' The City Council in 1977 adopted a revised master storm drain system which is designed to transport a 10 -year flood. All new development areas in the community will have the greater capacity ' syst® installed. Ia the interim period, the key segments of the older system will be updated through the long-term capital im- provements program. Although the City has not conducted a de- tailed analysis of the carrying capacity of its system for larger ' storm events (chose greater than 10 years), in general a moder- ate storm (a 10-40 year event) will be contained within the curb and gutter sections of the City's street section.and will thence flow into major storm channels and creek beds which are designed t to handle a 100 -year event. Heavier storms may result in some flooding of yards; however, in general, it would be extremely un- likely that storm water would enter into buildings. There are a few specific areas within the community that are not protected by storm water systems such as Old Monta Vista and older areas adjacent to the foothill fringe. It is difficult, if not impos- sible, to predict the precise location and extent of flooding that might happen in smaller isolated areas. In any case, the risk to life is virtually non-existent. Heavy rainstorms in the foothill and mountainous areas of the planning area do not generally cause flooding problems. The Divisions of Mines and Geology -sponsored Armstrong and Anderson Report, prepared in conjunction with the Montebello Ridge Study, indicated that all streambeds can carry a 200 year event. The 1 Ilk k lit01Laity, It I//��fi iISU'Rgi111i/1!✓ �' !:i ` ,i '_ .I, {t,ll if �; II , •� @�''•i Illll(/ \ll' tJlyV�tl ,11. /i rt i tf/rn }ir I//. 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't\-�14 i.,i, .r`tt. �.,)�r/, %i.. � ,:�i %-� ;\. ,� r;, .__�-'. �; �.�!.r..;.%�� i.,_. :lir •`�f•'.:�..\\...��., 1r PIGUKG 6-J CXTC-NT Or l-CODIR6 Ae, -rkr- or A. '100 Yt�A2" 1!J -0m FLOOD LIMIT LING rOR ' "l00 YEAR 1iV�NT ( '' �` .. �- • NATURAL or- L11' �"Df- : WATfR- LGUl fJOT�' Dl%TAIL2D MGr`. , Of- too <e-1 P1OOD e -iii Are AVAILASLE IN it UT`( HALL. of CUPERTII>comprehensiveplan i 91 116 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 PUBLIC HEALTH & SAFETY 6-31 main problem associated with rainfall in the foothills relates to condition"s where heavy sheet flow of water exposes cut and fill slopes. Unless the cut and fill slopes are protected through erosion control methods, an immediate hazard condition via landslide and mudslide activity is possible which could have long-term effectsresulting from siltation of streambeds. Flood Hazard Resulting, from Failure of Man -Made Water Storage Facilities Figure 6-K identifies the location and size of man-made water storage facilities within the planning area. The figure sche- matically describes the area of inundation should Stevens Creek Reservoir instantaneously fail. The flood inundation area is based upon the maximum 3,700 acre feet storage capacity of the reservoir. At present the reservoir is being operated at a re- duced level (1,200 acre feet maximum) pending completion of a dam safety study. Accordingly, the area of inundation would be a smaller area. The Santa Clara Valley Water District does not have an inundation plan prepared for the 1,200 acre feet storage capacity. It should be stressed, however, that the 1,200 acre feet limitation was imposed to remove the probability of dam failure based upon a maximum probable earthquake located on the San Andreas fault. The water utility storage tanks described on the plan are considered as minimual risk; nevertheless, there is potential for injury and property loss for properties located in close proximity to those tanks should they fail. Currently, there is no State or local legislation that requires owners of such tanks to prepare inundation maps and therefore neither the California Water Company, the City of Cupertino Water Utility, San Jose Water Works nor the Reglin Mutual Water System have pre- pared inundation maps for their facilities. The San Jose Water Works has installed flexible couplings and check valves in the 20 million gallon Regnart Road Reservoir to minimize valve and water line failure during a seismic event. The City's two 2 million gallon water tanks located on Mercedes Road do not have a check valve or flexible coupling feature at the present time. The S to 10 acre feet Voss Avenue Pond located at the terminus of Voss Avenue was evaluated by an engineering consultant and deter- mined to be safe. Flood Hazard Resulting from Landslide Activity in the Hillside Ravines There is potential for a landslide to occur within a steep ravine located within the foothill fringe in the more mountainous ter- rain outside of the Urban Service Area boundary. If a landslide occurs in a ravine serving a relatively large watershed, water could pond behind the landslide'debris and eventually collapse resulting in a wall of water cascading down the ravine, causing property or personal injury. The watershed areas within the lower foothills located within the City's Urban Service Area are relatively small and therefore the risk of landslide caused flooding is minimal. There is a massive ancient landslide lo- cated to the west of Stevens Creek Reservoir. The Santa Clara CAW 4r L, y - -- v 1, . • �A hr, pl�r(1f /. ? u t .� .rr• /ri” -. 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'�//f (' \ t `\f•�`- \t• r \-�.-,.t�., F,; -1,J .- "%�t':, ,`�1J?y/�"/tlf tll\ � rfr, _ [t//'��-\� I`` It\�ti//tf !i•t fyll\\/jr\M1 ••�\\\ t �. ,r lj-rIf \.rv, \\`~ ,` , \ 1t i fi” (// _a,Pr/ ://rj Z --- _ F J �/ 'l it 'i.l.-r....i� �'lr !/' t , ..�/llrf ,lVAA i" J /IfJ JIJ �'.•.'-�!'li fr/ sir �t 'Ilrt/ i :J `"',%i( 9 I i• !tJ :f/./' '\ 1Jii�: l '4 i( `\ ��(�((•` IIzz .l.%i t' /'1.I,'1�1 %,'j -✓iJr - is t,'!,-\J.tii f'4{ G,rL!'-.,_-lr:..'i.-.. t, -�V�A� I�} 11;•', I IF Of ftCIDDIN&I AS "iZliSLIL.'r Or- ?AILUKC-- OF MAN pM.Dr-- WATt F- YAGIU .. ri-ooD LIMIT 4 -INF µt> -)'r-. Pj-00D II•IUNDATION AMA- 1'09- t%A( LURA bP 5TF V Uu6S1� (�CYi$K T E4iE2V01 tC IS �A<-W UPON MA)IMLIM 5700 ACIM Me -T 5T0KA(iB iw- ICei G'KVOIr- IS GUPYNTLY 6F_IN& OPE2A'i�D AT- �EDlJ(�D Le-Vel-PF.NDIN(0 GOMPik o� DAM �f-f 5(GD(. , N MY of CUPERTINO:comprehensive plan61�7I I 16 1 1 I PUBLIC HEALTH & SAFETY -33 Valley Water District has concluded that based upon historical evidence and -the particular configuration of the reservoir itself the landslide would not constitute a flood hazard by virtue of displacing water over the dam face itself nor resulting in an un- stable pond facility. Acceptable Level of Risk and Means to Manage Risk Decisions involving the acceptable degree of protection for life and property are related to economic and social consideration. The Cupertino planning area watersheds are generally not large enough to result in life threatening flooding. The exception, of course, is that rain swollen flood channels often present a challenge to young people and as a result there have been drown- ings in the past involving individuals who either venture -too close to the fast-moving storm channel or deliberately go into the streambed with a kayak or other type of boat. While it is possible to design flood protection for a 500 of 1,000 year storm, the equipment necessary to protect residents from -;such a flood would be extremely expensive in relation to the value of the land use activities on the property being protected. It would, for example, be foolish to construct a flood works to protect grazing land located next to a stream. It would be slightly less foolish to protect higher income yielding agricultural land. It is prudent to protect a single-family housing development and ab- solutely essential to protect a critical facility such as a hos- pital. The acceptable level of risk or exposure to flood haz- ards in the case of an instantaneous failure of Stevens Creek Reservoir is extremely low. DESCRIPTION OF POLICIES AND PROGRAMS TO REDUCE FLOOD RISK The Santa Clara Valley Water District and the City of Cupertino are actively involved in local programs to minimize the risk of flooding. In 1974, the City developed a flood plain land use policy for the non -urbanized reach of Stevens Creek southerly of Stevens Creek Boulevard, which ensures that the area which is naturally flooded by the 100 -year event should be maintained in a natural state. The policy not only reduces flood hazard but it also protects the natural riparian environment of the flood plain. Both the City and the Santa Clara Valley Water District have developed 'a unique flood management program for the reach of Stevens Creek between Route 280 Freeway and Stevens Creek Boule- vard. The program strategy is to retain the natural environment of Stevens Creek even though studies indicated that structural improvements would be necessary to absolutely protect properties from the 100 -year event. The majority of residents within the Phar Lap Drive and Creston neighborhoods agreed to accept a high- er level of risk for flooding with the understanding that risks be partially lowered by utilization of the Federal Flood Insur- ance Administration Program and an installation of a flood warn- ing system. ' PUBLIC HEALTH & SAFETY c-34. The third leg of the strategy involves the construction of a new ' conduit on the 280 Freeway to reduce the barrier effect of the Freeway Route 280 earth and fill constructed across the natural flood plain. ' Flood Hazard Policy No. 6-10: The City of Cupertino shall adopt stringent land use and building code requirements to prevent new construction from occurring in already ' urbanized flood hazard areas recognized by the Federal Flood Insurance Administrator. For example, the finish floor level for new construction must be higher in eleva- tion than the flood water profile elevation for a 100 -year ' storm. A description of flood zone regulations and a map identifying potential flood hazard areas will be published in the Cupertino Scene. ' Flood Hazard Policy No. 6-11: The City of Cupertino shall continue its policy of prohibiting all forms of habitable development in natural flood plains. The policy position ' includes the prohibition of fill materials and obstruc- tions which may increase flood potential downstream or modify the natural riparian environnent. t One of the major expenses of the Santa Clara Valley Water Distr=ct and of the City of Cupertino is to continuously remove sediment from drainage systems. The sediment is caused by both natural and development -induced erosion, primarily within the hillside areas of the community. In recognition of the erosion problem, the City has created a hillside Development Ordinance which requires private hillside construction to install erosion control measures on all cut -and -fill slopes including both roadway and driveway systems and house pads. In addition to the possibility of increasing flood risk t by clogging natural or manmade water courses, the erosion -caused settlement also clogs the natural percolation function of the strea beds, which replenish the underground water table. Policy No. 6-12: The City of Cupertino shall continue to restrict the extent and timing of grading opera- tions in its hillsides. Lot and street grading shall ' be limited to April through October. A suitable per- formance bond shall be submitted by a grading permit applicant prior to initiation of grading during the remaining months. The intent of the bond is to guar- antee the repair of erosion damage. All graded slopes must be planted as soon as practical after completion of grading. The majority of water storage facilities delineated on Figure 6-K are designed to withstand ground shaking. In those instances where the magnitude of ground shaking was not previously assessed of in the cases where water facilities were designed prior to new stand- ards, the City should re-evaluate the design if publicly -owned or should implore the owners of storage facilities to conduct their own research to evaluate the structural integrity of the facility based upon a maximum probable event on the San Andreas fault. Each study should include an evaluation of the possible area of inunda- tion. I1 1 1 1 1 1 1 PUBLIC HEALTH & SAFETY 6-35 Policy No. 6-13: The City of Cupertino shall program necessary funds to conduct an evaluation of the struc- tural integrity of municipal water storage facilities, including attendant distribution line connections, and repair of critical facilities, if necessary. Possible flood velocities and inundation areas, should a facility fail, should be included in the evaluation. The study consultant shall consult with City's geological consult- ant to determine maximum expected ground shaking intensi- ties and the geology of the tank site. Noise Pollution Freedom from excessive noise is a major factor in determining the quality of life enjoyed by the residents of a particular commun- ity. The noise environment is an accumulation of many different sources ranging from commonly used labor saving devices to the principal contributor - the vehicular circulation system. Table 6-H lists some common noise sources experienced by urban dwellers and their associated level of sound. JB(A)2 190 120 110 100 90 60 ]0 60 50 40 10 Table 6-H Sound Levels and Loudness of llluetraere Noun In Indoor and Ouldow Environments (A -Scale Weignted Sound Leal OVER-ALL LEVEL COMMUNITY HOME OR INDUSTRY LOUDNESS Mauna •ensu L..0 Aoorm. 00003 ♦rarooul IOulaCO.1 0noaa•) Ir'uman luasmenl GI Oelennt Sauna .e.e1s1 vm 4,01M.a.... Ta.rCu I, .. W.ul•r.euma I. UNCOMFORTABLY AYcrnl Grew a 50 9. 11101 Osrpn Ta•cn (131), 120 MAI 32 Timea A! Loud LOUD Turoo.Fan Arrcrarl a 1..•an Porwr a 200 It. It191• MB a%..M.P6u na IIA /1Q 110dB(A) I6Time3ASLoud 1N Ipvar 1. 1 Brims )02. 6 atPeed FL Be'm• ...'M 110611 VERY s.11 13A..1a90o a 100 It. I10D1• 100 MAI B Timea As Loud LOUD., .. Ba.m• Io). DC -9 J 60e0 Ft. nw osr P,... (92) 1 L•a Ma'RyCM 25 r921901 90 MAI . Ti"S As Loud Car wean a n Fl. la P Faoa Bl.na•• ("I P•Oa. PMM F."_ a IL'd0 FI. IBeI Nrllin( M%nm. (s!1 Di.. TruG.. aD MPM 1 SD FI. 16a1 ' _ Diea•1 Larn, a! MPM a 100 Ft. 16]1 DArup 0.00a1 1611) 60 dB(AI 2 Times As Loud MODERATELY 'e ' awnl u Paaa•nso Gr, 6S MPM J 2! h. 1121 Gan• Boom Musa 175I 1 LOUD r o•wm•m ' EUei l0liwm16 _61' rvAuaa. V%uum CI•aM• 1101 70 I OBIAI +n ono J 10 FI 16 101' EIKfrK iyp.�rYM a 16 FI 16.1' It. 160P Des w•�pKanvnifaio & Air ComHanins Unit a loo Ft. 1601 nlypl 60 de(A) As Laud QUIET Grp ignal9rmoa a 100 11.IW1 $0 dB1A11/ As 1.0u0 Biro W. (W e L.Wo Omit Urban Amo,em Sound (.0) 40 IS(A) t4 As Loud JUST AUUIBLE 1YDwl scala rarm0lwl I1 1 PUBLIC HEALTH & SAFETY 6-36 The degree t-0 which noise irritates us depends on a variety of factors; some of which are independent of the noise source itself. For instance, time of day, background or "ambient" sound level. the activity in which the listener is engaged, and surrounding land use can all influence the degree to which a particular sound is perceived as annoying. Certain value judgments also enter in- to one's tolerance for urban sound levels. Emergency sirens and lawnmowers which reach very high sound levels are tolerated by most people because they represent socially -necessary actions; (i.e. public safety and neighborhood upkeep). On the other hand, loud noises from vehicles with defective or illegal mufflers are usually greeted as an unnecessary disturbance. Despite efforts to identify and regulate sources of urban noise pollution overall noise levels seem to be increasing. Truly effective solutions to the noise problem will probably require changes in lifestyle and certain trade-offs between freedom from government intervention in our personal lives and the degree of convenience and economy which we enjoy from use of noise emitting devices. It is certainly not possible to control all sources of urban sound to which individual citizens may object; however, some regulation is needed to offset the very real negative results of excessive noise levels. Figures 6-L and 6-M are noise contour maps which focus on the transportation network and its noise impacts upon the community. These impacts are described in Ldn (average day/night sound levels) and L10 (sound level exceeded 10% of the time). The L10 map is especially useful for illustrating the less continuous, more noticeable sporatic noise events which characterize traffic sounds in residential neighborhoods. Effect of Noise on People Noise can affect the physical, social, psychological and economic well-being of residents within a community. Studies conducted by the United States Environmental Protection Agency have demon- strated that excessive noise can result in temporary or chronic hearing losses and in some cases, physiological damage to the inner ear. Noise can reduce the opportunity for privacy, adverse- ly influence mood, disburb relaxation, and interrupt sleep. Noise can interfere with speech and confuse other auditory sig- nals. If noise disrupts .the performance of complicated tasks within the work environment, diminished efficiency of workers and consequent economic loss can result. All of the aforementioned stresses are justifiable reasons for attempting to control urban noise impacts. The following section, therefore, will outline and discuss some of the measures which can be implemented on the local government level and identify policies of the City aimed at counteracting some of the increasingly pervasive irritations of the community noise environment. ' PUBLIC HEALTH & SAFETY 6-39 ' THE CUPERTINO NOISE ENVIRONMENT:. GOALS AND POLICIES 1 ' The Noise Section of the General Plan provides a policy frame- work for guiding future land use/urban design decisions, and contains a system of controls and abatement measures useful for protecting citizens from exposure to excessive or unacceptable ' noise levels. The policy objectives will be identified and ana- lyzed according to issues of land use compatibility, transporta- tion related, and non -transportation related noise sources and ' will also include discussion of those especially severe impacts associated with Kaiser Permanente truck traffic on Foothill and Stevens Creek Boulevards. ' Understanding the following goals and policies requires. agreement upon what is considered an acceptable "noise standard". Essentially, the noise standard consists of commonly recognized ' activities, the disruption of which is unwelcome. Uninterrupted speech communication and undisturbed rest are two common ref- erenced activities necessary to social relationships and personal health. Various studies, which are referenced in the Noise e;te- ment Working Paper, have established maximum interior noise levels which will ensure undisturbed relaxation and conversation. Unfortunately, exterior noise environments are more difficult to ' analyze and to control. The ability to speak at close range in a normal voice seems to be a reasonable standard against which to judge the outside noise condition. On the basis of these ' standards, then, this Section .outlines techniques which can help to protect both the interior and exterior environments from ✓ disruption by urban noise of those activities basic to comfort- able daily living. Land Use Compatibility 1 Goal A: The City of Cupertino should strive to ensure a compatible noise environment for all existing and ' future land use categories within the community. ' Many of the undesirable implications of urban noise can be re- duced or avoided if existing and projected noise conditions are considered when assigning land uses to specific parcels: While noise cannot, and should not, be the primary factor considered in land use analysis, the City should strive to match uses which encompass broad ranges of noise levels and are considered other- wise compatible. Compatibility may be achieved by locating specific use types out- side of designated noise impact areas, or by requiring modifica- tion of the site design to reduce noise disturbances through set- backs, noise walls, building insulation, or landscaping. PUBLIC HEALTH & SAFETY Policy 6-14: Figures 6 -L,•6 -M, and 6-N will be used to evaluate land use decisions. ' Strategy 1: Site/land use compatibility shall be deter- mined for all reassignment of land uses under the General Plan, and for all new or significantly modified develop- ment proposals in order to determine appropriate mitigat- ing measures. Strategy 2: In cases where the proposed or existing land ' use falls within those categories other than "normally acceptable" as depicted on Figure 6-N, the City may re- quire preparation of a noise analysis to include suggested ' mitigation measures to be implemented as conditions of official project approval. ' Policy 6-15: In all cases, new residential development shall conform with the 45 dBA, Ldn average noise level established by Title 25 of the California Administrative Code. ' Strategy 1: Upon receipt of an application for a new resi- dential development or the significant remodeling of an ' existing multi -family apartment or ownership project, the City staff will review the proximity of the project to the Ldn noise contour map, and review the results of previous noise studies to determine if the above standards can reasonably be complied with through conventional construc- tion practices. If the staff determines that the informa- tion presently available is inconclusive or not sufficient, ' the staff may request the developer provide an acoustical analysis at the time of application submittal, In any case, the applicant may appeal staff recommendations to ' the Planning Commission. Strategy 2: The City will evaluate adoption of a noise standard which assesses and limits the level of less ' frequent, more intrusive noise. Transportation Noise 1 Goal B: The City should strive to reduce the noise impact of major streets and freeways upon the community. ' Transportation -related sound is the greatest contributor to noise in Cupertino, and one of the most difficult sources to control ' effectively through local effort. Cupertino is bisected by two major freeways and nine major arterials. The City of Cupertino is fortunate that significant portions of Highway 85 and 280 are recessed, which helps to minimize the noise impacts upon the surrounding neighborhoods. Freeway noise tends to take on a constant but more subdued roar, and represents less of a direct threat to the safety of residents located in neigh- borhoods adjoining the freeway. 1 16 PUBLIC HEALTH & SAFETY 6-41 Local north/south running streets are subject to particularly ' heavy use by commuters traveling to and from destinations outside of the City while adding significantly to local congestion, air truL-Sm`LX. pollution, and noise. The through commute dilemma is further ex- asperated by the incomplete status of State Route 85 which, if SIMGL[rA WRQ. $NGLI and when completed, will direct much of the through commute vol- MOtIL1 NOY(S u ume away from the City's local streets. Unfortunately, however, ' future extension of Route 85 will increase noise level exposure MOTILS. NOTW above acceptable limits for many of the homes already existing YMOOLS. LIISA{IU. along the unimproved right of way. 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Mp®T UMACCVT"" w.trwr.r r.r ... rrr.. •rrr w,n wW r Arr ilMr.rMlrM.ldr UNACCMAI" Mr tr..srr w.W S,rrr nM r r.rlAw COMSIOCRATIOMS IN OCTCa MIM ATION Or NOIIC-CONIATI{LC LA.O YLC ♦ rprAu» m aapauRa urORYATRIw ptfRm • •��r,. rrrL�LL.lr ^•,rr rw w w rr r.wo. r.�.rw • rr 1 w � �.•.,t�r..w ran r y. a Mona )bURQ OYRARtROTICt r..rr �..,—r r r r ti. w .w•� u uolat. �.�•M.�r wrt.rM�wrw�.. r.�Ilrae.r....w .wrwr Mw.r.•�r..rrrAa.r ..�M,M, �r r•t.rwr.w wYtR Q6 ..w... r..r.Ir�w r•w r A.. r.�. w r .L tirr wrrr M C 1 AaLt IIR{RIOR LMSTSORIOrrS ar..�wrr.glrslrrrrr•�=t =•w M.,a aiLiLr riw�w. �.w �r..asrw w.rw rr.rrrl.r ♦r.. � r.a rrr�. r rr � o..paar• u ou+pma lMwapl..atn 1 J d I [J PUBLIC HEALTH & SAFETY 7- In total, approximately 2,000 out of approximately 16,000 units ' within the Urban Service Area (inclusive of the San Jose boundary adjustment area) are exposed to excessive noise levels from free- ways and major streets. I Table 6-I NOISE EXPOSURE INDEX (Ldn, 60 dBA, and Above) * Future impacted areas result from Highway 85 extension to Saratoga - Sunnyvale Road and Bollinger Road extension to Stelling Road. Note: Population multiplier equals 2.92 persons/unit. Careful consideration of potential noise generated by the 85 ex- tension is imperative in any future design actions for this road- way, and should accompany more stringent State and Federal noise emission standards to reduce these anticipated impacts. Existing Future• Total Units Population Units Population Units Population R1 1,500 4,380 300 880 1,800 5,260 R2/R3 500 1,460 1,460 Total 2,000 5,840 300 880 2,300 6,720 * Future impacted areas result from Highway 85 extension to Saratoga - Sunnyvale Road and Bollinger Road extension to Stelling Road. Note: Population multiplier equals 2.92 persons/unit. Careful consideration of potential noise generated by the 85 ex- tension is imperative in any future design actions for this road- way, and should accompany more stringent State and Federal noise emission standards to reduce these anticipated impacts. I! I I I PUBLIC HEALTH A SAFETY 6-43 Policy 6-16: The City will seek to ensure that design and improvement of transportation facilities along the West Valley Transportation Corridor are accom- plished in a manner which minimizes noise impacts upon adjoining neighborhoods through appropriate design techniques. Policy 6-17: The City should continue to support the enactment of stricter State legislation governing noise emission from new motor vehicles and enforce existing street laws governing noise emissions. Local Streets/Neighborhood Protection SOUND OFF CARD! (Comments, Suggestions, Gripes, Plaudits) SOUKr'a % uTana-M 60hWr%T - GUr JIM0 stag. SOUND -ort GILD - mU• �o, i4'fb . ' Local neighborhood streets are particularly sensitive to noise abuse. The need to move private vehicles, and the need to mini- mize response time of emergency services must be balanced against the need for safe and quiet neighborhood environments when the organization of neighborhood street networks are considered. ' Policy 6-18; The City should continue to review the safety and convenience needs of area residents and prioritize neighborhood needs over the convenient movement of com- mute or through traffic where practical. Policy 6-19: The City should continue to evaluate solu- tions to discourage abuse of local streets through mod- ified street design (e.g. meandering streets, diverters, landscape islands, street closures, widened parking strips, etc.). Circulation page 4-23 policies 4-10 4=11 4-12 Community Character page 2-23 policy 2-25 I1 II II II 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 PUBLIC HEALTH & SAFETY 6-44 Strategy 1: Implementation of the above policy may re- quire direct monetary participation through creation of local improvement districts. Trains and Aircraft Overflight Railroad and aviation operations do not contribute significantly to the Cupertino noise environment. Aircraft overflights into Moffett Field Naval Air Station are restricted to the northeast- erly corner of the community (see Figure 6-L) affecting some res- idents of the Rancho Rinconada neighborhood. I1 1 I 1 1 C I I PUBLIC HEALTH & SAFETY 6-45 The City's only railroad line passes through the Monta vista — area and connects with the Kaiser Permanence Plant in the west- ern foothills. Currently, only two train movements occur per day• however, intensified shipment of Kaiser products by rail could significantly increase noise levels for numerous residences along the Southern Pacific right of way for which noise attenu- ation devices are not provided. Kaiser Permanente Truck Traffic Perhaps the most critical example of transportation related noise intrusion upon the quality of neighborhood life is the effect of heavy duty truck trips to and from the Kaiser Permanente Plant in the western foothills upon the residents adjacent to Stevens Creek Boulevard and Foothill Boulevard. Approximately 1,500 trips occur each working day, generating up to 90 DBA noise levels adjacent to the roadway. I1 II II II II � I PUBLIC HEALTH &SAFETY 6-46 � P IL I I I I II I I I I I FIW;29 /P-0 EQUAL NDJS� LEVEL LONIWP-S C ti u m aw--as wpRasc=Nr -3(KJC. Lrvvz Lr IN CITY of CUPERTINO - comprehensive plan I PUBLIC HEALTH & SAFETY Acceleration and deceleration movements, use of high powered braking equipment and unusual steepness of roadway grade all ' exasperate the truck noise problem. A detailed analysis of noise behavior characteristics and description of especially impacted areas of the Foothill/Stevens Creek Boulevard area may be found in the Noise Element Working Paper Appendix. Figure 6-0 displays the results of an analysis of truck noise con- ducted by Edward L. Pack and Associates. This study used an L+ descriptor which attempts to only define the noise generated by Kaiser trucks. ' Policy 6-20: The City of Cupertino should continue to work toward improvement of the noise environment along Foothill Boulevard through restriction, preferably ' voluntary, on truck traffic movements to the Kaiser Permanente Cement Plant, especially during late evening and early morn- ing hours. ' A special study prepared by professional acoustical engineering consultants suggested a series of noise mitigation measures to ' protect homes along the truck traffic corridor. Strategic imple- mentation of these measures, couples with efforts to reduce in- cidences of truck travel could provide some relief to those resi- dents most severly affected. Non -Transportation Noise Sources Goal C: The City should protect residential areas to the greatest degree possible from intrusive noise gen- erated by sources other than, and in addition to, the urban transportation network. 6-4; Policy 6-21: The City should strive to implement noise ' attenuation measures enumerated in the Edward L. Pack and Associates report to relieve residences adjacent to Foothill and Stevens Creek Boulevards from excess ' noise impacts resulting from Kaiser Permanente truck traffic. Strategy 1: The City should compile and distribute to citizens in the noise impacted areas information on structural building noise attenuation measures. The ' information pamphlet should also contain an overview of current noise laws and the telephone number of agen- cies to contact with complaints. Strategy 2: The City should require, as conditions of development approval, that deeds of property in the im- pacted area contain recorded notices informing buyers of special noise problems in their vicinity. Non -Transportation Noise Sources Goal C: The City should protect residential areas to the greatest degree possible from intrusive noise gen- erated by sources other than, and in addition to, the urban transportation network. 6-4; 1 1 1 PUBLIC HEALTH & SAFETY °-'J Von -transportation sources are typically immobile and character- ized by sporadic or impulsive occurrence. While these impacts are relatively minor when compared to the influence of the trans- poration system, -such things.as incessant barking of an unrulev neighborhood dog, or rattling of garbage cans during sleeping hours can be annoying and disruptive. While complete control of such disturbances if not likely, the City's attention can and should be directed toward protecting neighborhoods from excess noise during relaxation activity hours during which background noise levels tend to be lower. Adjoining Dissimilar Land Uses Cupertino residents adjoining commercial development often com- plain of late night and early morning disturbance from loading docks when such facilities are located in close proximity to their homes. Similarly, residences adjoining industrial areas are often annoyed by sounds from chemical storage plants, air conditioning equipment and the general manufacturing process. These problems, although easily anticipated, are often difficult to resolve in the development review process, as competing eco- nomic interests and property rights must be balanced. Policy2-23 of the Land Use/Community Character Element of the Cupertino General Plan provides a strategy for design controls for ensuring a more peaceful cc -existence between adjoining dis- similar land uses. These controls should be studied carefully ' at the inception of a commercial or industrial project which will adjoin a residential neighborhood. 1 WE ` � I�0 i ���r� �1h911��'ih1�t� NO\�� 18 `" �:� i•�' i. '� iii. v i' ��DDaoo ZMMEeGV+L DeLIVEm`f ABEL\ AD,IOWII�nN` 7 AMIL`( FM&1PeW_e_S- M GLE,l.LAM SOU&[ dissimilar uses page 2-21 policy 2-23 I 1 PUBLIC HEALTH & SAFETY ;9 Policy 6-22: New commercial or industrial developments should orient delivery areas away from existing or planned residential developments. Policv 6-23: The City should continue to actively en- force Section 10.45 of the Municipal Code limiting commercial and industrial delivery hours. Policy 6-24.: The City should continue to require anal- ysis and implementation of techniques to control noise impacts from industrial equipment and processes for projects near residential neighborhoods. Construction activities can alto disrupt the successful neighbor- hood environment. Anticipating such impacts, the City has re- quested in several cases that building construction cease during evening and weekend periods. Policy 6-2$: The City should continue to restrict non- emergency building construction work during evening, early morning and weekend hours when such construction is near by residential neighborhoods. Common Neighborhood Disturbances ' The common activities of daily living often produce sounds audi- ble beyond the boundaries of the sites from which they originate, oftentimes to the annoyance of nearby neighbors. Barking dogs, lawnmowers, parties, amplified music, and pool equipment are just a few of those common activities which can disrupt domestic tran- quilicy. Policv 6-26: The City should develop a comprehensive Noise Ordinance which encompasses time restrictions governing commercial and industrial deliveries, es- tablishes procedures for regulating noisy animals, pro- vides regulation of hours for construction activity ' and establishes maximum noise level for common neigh- borhood disturbances. Noise Attenuation Goal D: The City should encourage use of noise attenu- ation techniques wherever their application can pro- duce practical and desirable results. 1 Land Use/ Community Character page 2-21 policy 2-23 Community Noise Control Ord. 01022 Adopted July 1980 I I 1 LJ PUBLIC HEALTH & SAFETY Because the air is full of sound waves traveling in all direc- tions, interior noises can best be attenuated in much -the same way as one protects the home from cold air during the winter months. Leaks around doors, window, vents, or through open fireplace dampers, uninsulated exterior walls and lack of seals or weather stripping all increase the capability of noise to in- trude into a structure. Because the presence of sound is so per- vasive in the urban environment, it is easy to see why control of exterior living environment noises is difficult. A variety of techniques can be utilized with varying degrees of effectiveness to interrupt the transmission path of noise. To achieve maximum effectiveness, each site should be evaluated to determine the best combination of devices to attenuate noise. The following summarizes some of the commonly utilized techniques and their characteristics. Rarrior< Solid,. air impervious sound walls can reduce noise from 1 to 15 dba or more. The effectiveness of noise attenuation walls de- pends upon the relative grade of the roadway, the distance of the receptor from the center line of the nearest travel lane, placement and height of the noise wall with respect to the noise source's line of travel, the size and location of the area to be protected and the frequency components of the noise source. Since longer wave length.low frequency noise components bend around obstacles more readily than the shorter wave length high frequency components, the barrier performance improves with in- creasing frequency of the noise. Also, the barrier is usually most effective when located close to the source or to the re- ceiver, assuming both source and receiver are below the top of the barrier as the bending angle is then greater. Also, barriers should be installed to control sound flanking around the ends of the barrier. A final consideration of noise barriers is that they can be aes- thetically unpleasing and wall -in or separate neighborhoods. An effective low cost technique to buffer the hard cold surface of the noise attenuation walls is to use landscaping. Landscaping along the roadway side of walls should be of a dense evergreen material whenever possible and include ivy or vines to grow along the wall. The use of landscaping will also reduce sound reflec- tions from the wall which can increase noise levels on the oppo- site side of the roadway as much as 1 to 3 decibels. Policy 6-27: The City will exercise discretion when re- quiring noise walls to ensure that all other methods of noise attenuation have been explored and that the pro- posed wall is aesthetically compatible with the sur- rounding neighborhood. Community Character Policy 2-19 page 2-18 PUBLIC HEALTH & SAFETY 6-31 16 Strategy': The City will assist the formation of spec- ial assessment districts to:install noise barriers in areas where existing single-family residences back up to major thoroughfares. In all cases, where walls are ' deemed necessary to attenuate noise, landscaping mater- ials shall be utilized on the street side of the noise wall. ' Landscaping and Setbacks 1 I k 1 Practically speaking, landscaping and setbacks are not an effect- ive solution to reducing noise levels. Plants and trees are porous to air flow and lack density. Setbacks can provide some help to attenuate noise, however, distances must be substantial to produce a noticeable noise reduction. For heavy traffic con- ditions, sound levels would decrease approximately 3 db for each doubling of the distance from center line of the road. Under light traffic conditions, noise would diminish at the rate of 6 db for each doubling of the distance from the center line of the road. The following figure taken from Santa Clara County Noise Element illustrates the effectiveness of setbacks and landscaping on noise (Figure 6-P - Setback and noise reduction). Figure 6-P SE !ACK AND h101SE REDUCTION O c� Z- 5 nx7 V� O -f0 3 d -IS 0 y IXt,GS 2.0 3O 40 60 60 90 100 ZCO 300 400 C- DISTANa PCOM G6NTC2 F LNIe OLAMr- 1N PEeT souMX-: sntvTA GL4Pq COUNTY NOISG ELEMENT- JULY, I9 N bRA.D6� 130 T1t>!y5 w! Trtrs� • � \` II LM PUBLIC HEALTH & SAFETY 6-32 Building and Site Design Building and site design techniques can be very effective tools to mitigate noise on new developments or upon significant modi- fication of existing buildings. Sensitive areas within a site 1 can he set back or buffered by buildings, parking or recreation areas. Individual buildings can use less sensitive living areas (i.e. kitchens, bathrooms, garagesl to buffer the more 1 noise sensitive bedroom and living rooms. Buildings should orient a solid wall toward the noise source and ensure that no vents or other air leaks are directed toward the noise source. 1 Insulating Buildings from Noise 1 Conventional building practices will achieve between 15 to 20 db reductions in the adjoining roadway noise levels. 1 The following table, taken from the Santa Clara County Noise Ele- ment, represents the approximate amount of noise attenuation af- forded by typical building types. 1 Table 6-J Approximate Noise Reduction Achieved by Exterior of Common Structures - 1 1 1 1 1 1 Highest Exterior Noise Level which Would Achieve An Reduction of Noise Interior Design Building Type window Condition from Outside Sources Noise of 55 dBA dBA All Open 10 decibels 55 Light frame Ordinary sash, closed 20 decibels 65 Masonry Single pane, closed 25 decibels 70 Masonry Double pane, closed 35 decibels 80 Source: Federal Highway Administration, Policy and Procedure Memorandum 90-2, February 8, 1973 - Reprinted in Santa Clara County Noise Element, July, 1976. Figure 6-Q TYPiGAL 51KuC[UFT. WM(Jr,?, To ve lae' NLO'5e:' Alm/60UND La"4- •eco 4 wALS tAut lYu•b.ULACn04 • YLooe NtNTs • root ouA-UTY wwoow/VOM r'54 P5 nEUDS - W1raDowa/aoORs iArx W RIAI-H M 47elPn K 6, I 1 1 1 1 1 1 PUBLIC HEALTH & SAFETY 6-;3 Crime -- I In the early 1970's, Architect Oscar Newman popularized the "Defensible Space" concept. Simply stated, defensible space uses architectural . design to create a physical environment which enablesthe inhabitant of that environment to monitor ac- tivities and thereby reduce odious behavior. The City of Cuper- tino Planning Commission and Architectural and Site Approval Committee evaluates 70-100 development projects a year. Those projects translate into living and working environments for Cup- ertino citizens. The City should, in the future, develop an ap- preciation of the sociological and psychological effects of the physical environment on human behavior. Park Design Residents living immediately adjacent to neighborhood parks experienced problems resulting from nuisance and criminal behav- ior within the parks, particularly those areas within parks that are not easily visible from the street. Future park design will include a provision for -the construction of a perimeter road which would allow neighboring residents and police personnel to have visual access to the park from all sides. The design principle amplifies the defensible space con- cept whereby individual residents within a neighborhood have more control over their neighborhood space. Figure 6-R illustrates an existing and proposed configuration for Three Oaks Park located northerly of Rainbow Drive. If technical and legal problems can be resolved, a southerly portion of the park will be sold to a residential developer with the proceeds to be used to either im- prove the Three Oaks Park or to acquire land in an adjoining neighborhood for an additional park. Existing parks within other areas of the community should be reviewed to see if the concept is applicable. rIGuKE 6 Z Cf � ,GIIOM.'ry. ir,i � O1 }' •]il•M1.ry i�'.`/ \. �9,\�'. 77 ®/' •' � ,4Dt1lIP ]tib �_ �T �...... __ /y: fu cr.�ov ir_ve Exisctng Confi;urac:on proposed r�nft;uracion of '.'tree Oaks ?ark ares Oaks ?ark I1 16 1 1 1 1 1 PUBLIC HEALTH & SAFETY 6-34 The City's zoning codes stress cne need to provide visual pri- vacy protection. Privacy protection emphasis may conflict with Newman's defensible space hypothesis. The conflict would be- come evident if and when privacy design techniques isolate house- holds to the degree that individual residents lose the feeling of possession of private and semi -private spaces within the res- idential development. Design can be used to create social co- hesion within a development. Neighborhood cohesion or neighbor- hood social support is important not only for a planned residen- tial community but in single-family detached conventional sub- divisions as well. For example, a resident living in.single- family residential home needs assurance that the neighborhood as a whole would support his or her effort to question a stranger parked adjacent to a curb or report a strange automobile that repeatedly cruises up and down a street. If the resident per- ceives that other neighbors do not wish to get involved or do not care about strangers in the neighborhood, then the residents territorial imperative would most likely be limited to his own property. The,City of Cupertino has actively supported a neigh- borhood awareness program to not only provide advice regarding prevention of crime on their own property but to act as a mech- anism to encourage neighborhood cohesiveness. Policy 6-28: The City of Cupertino will continue to support the Neighborhood Awareness Program and other programs which are intended to assist neighborhoods in preventing crime through social interaction. Non -Residential Design for Defensible Space The use of design techniques to prevent crime in non-residential districts is more direct. The key is not in the creation of social cohesiveness but rather to design structures in a manner to ease the patrol operation of police officers and to aid com- munity surveillance. Decisions involving crime prevention in commercial and industrial properties involve trade-offs between aesthetics and ease of access for patrol vehicles and also in- volve trade-offs between privacy and acoustical protection be- tween commercial properties and adjoining residential properties. Commercial office and industrial properties that are designed in a manner to provide interior garden courts with private fence patios with designs that isolate entrance points are more prone to burglary and robbery than those that have a high degree of visual accessibility. A typical solution to isolate noise im- pacts from parking areas in commercial operations from residen- tial is to construct masonry barriers and landscaping beds. The City of Cupertino's police service provider (County Sheriff) is of the opinion that a masonry wall/landscaping setback solution to attenuate noise and visual intrusion does not increase inci- dents of burglary for adjoining homes. Po1icy 6-29: The relationship.between.building design and crime prevention shall be considered in the review of all developments within the City. Criteria should be developed with the assistance from the County Sheriff's Department to determine the degree to which crime pre- vention standards should over -ride aesthetic concerns. J 16 I I 1 � PUBLIC HEALTH & SAFETY 6 -53 Policv 6-30 : Whenever and wherever possible, neighbor- hood parks should be.encircled by a public road to provide visual accessibility. Disaster Planning The California Emergency Services Act requires each County and City to prepare an emergency plan to respond to "war -caused" or other disasters which threaten the health, or property of its citizens. The City's emergency plan is designed primarily to establish an organizational framework to enable the City to plan its emergency response activities and to coordinate with the County and State agencies. In that regard, effective communica- tions is one of the primary objectives of the Emergency Plan. The Cupertino Emergency Plan The City of Cupertino's Emergency Plan is highly dependent upon the availability of key people once a state of emergency is de- clared. Typically, only the City Manager, Department Heads, assistant Department Heads and a number of clerical personnel have participated in annual disaster drills. Since City Hall operates from 8 a.m. to 5 p.m., a 9 hour period, it is highly likely that an emergency will occur during non -working hours. Since a number of Cupertino employees do not live within the com- munity, it is likely that a general emergency such as widespread earthquake would delay individuals from manning their emergency operation positions. Policv 6-31• The Emergency Service Training Program snould be broadened to include a greater number of middle management and non -management employees in future emergency training programs. 1 A large magnitude earthquake could isolate Cupertino citizens from major full service hospitals. Figure 6- is a segment of ' a map located in the County's Seismic Safety Element which iden- tifies areas that are potentially isolated because of earthquake - related collapsed freeway crossings and bridges. City of Cuper- tino personnel and resident physicians will be ill-equipped to meet the emergency needs of Cupertino citizens should a major earthquake strike. Policy 6-32 : The City of Cupertino should join other lo- cal jurisdictions in Santa Clara County to lobby the State to shift the responsibility of planning and pro- viding major emergency medical responses in urbanized areas to the state level.of government. Environmental Resources Policy 5-29 page 5-30 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 f 1 PUBLIC HEALTH & SAFETY 6 The City has programmed the construction of an emergency opera- tional center within the City Hall basement for budget year 1979- 1980. Emergency diesel generator and telephone equipment had been already installed. Policy 6-33 : Permanent display system and as on=going in- formation update process shall be incorporated in the detailed design and the operational procedures estab- lished for the emergency operation center. Immediately following a major emergency, police, fire and med- ical services will be spread quite thin. It is imperative, therefore, that individual citizens within the community develop self-reliance in the form of first aid skills and the storage of food, water and other essential commodities. The last major dis- aster, the 1906 earthquake, occurred approximately 74 years ago. Therefore, the,majority of Cupertino citizens have not -experi- enced a major disaster. Policy 6-34: The City shall utilize the Cupertino Scene and ocher means of written and verbal communication to inform residents that they have a responsibility to be prepared for emergency disaster and secondly, to provide information on how to achieve and maintain a state of self-reliance. F)OURE (0-6 -Frrwf/iita l5oLRTA5LF_ im 5f ow- jF2w 6y ./`l PO,rexnA�-S �iQPPJf�S Cmrof CLJPEanNO• cavpW*nsMe plan Q „Y 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 if I 7 IMPLEMENTATION IMPLEMENTATION The General Plan is a blue print for. decisionmaking in the present as well as a plan for the future. The Plan details policies with respect to a variety of subject areas (e.g. land use, transportation, housing, health and safety, etc.) which directly or indirectly affect residents of the community. A realistic implementation strategy is essential if the objectives of the Plan,as stated in the policies, are to be realized. The following discussion focuses on some of the areas of concern with respect to provision of urban services and implementation of the City's policies. Defining the City's Corporate Limits The City's Urban Service Area boundary defines the projected corporate limits of the community based upon five years of new growth. The hillside area immediately south and easterly of Stevens Canyon Road is owned by the MidPeninsula Regional Open Space District, the County of Santa Clara (County Park), and the Santa Clara Valley Water District (Stevens Creek Reservoir). These properties will be maintained in an open space status and hence will define the limit of the Urban Service Area. The property located adjacent to the westerly Urban Service Area boundary is primarily under the ownership of the Kaiser Cement and Gypsum Corporation. Kaiser Cement and Gypsum intends to continue to utilize these lands as a buffer zone to isolate residents from the pouring and manufacturing processes being con- ducted at the plan. Due to the ownership pattern and intended use of these properties, the Plan assumes that the westerly and southerly Urban Service Area boundary will not be expanded in the foreseeable future. Providing Urban Services Another major assumption affecting the provision of services is that there will be no major economic changes that will signifi- cantly alter the ability of any major service provider to fulfill their function. For example, a disruption of the flow of crude oil might limit the ability of private utility companies to pro- vide services. Finally, the Plan assumes that the present government finance mechanisms will not be limited to a point where City levels of government have severe difficulty providing essential services. There are specific areas of the community and anticipated new developments which may create problems for certain services. For instance, the Sanitary District intends to closely monitor the Town Center development as well as any major industrial expansion in terms of the sanitary sewer capacity. Also, the Circulation Section points out the need to review traffic impacts on major developments. With the above qualifi- cations in mind, the City of Cupertino expects to maintain the current general level of service throughout the build -out of the Plan. Government Efficiencv The recent property tax initiative and planned drive to limit ' government spending intensifies the need to prioritize alterna- tives and ensure that government is operating a high level of IMPLEMENTATION efficiency._ -Government efficiency, in terms of the provision of ' urban services in the Cupertino area, is hampered by the multi- plicity of servicing districts and meandering City boundary. The San Jose boundary realignment has simplified the southern and ' eastern boundary. While the adjustment is expected to cost more in services than it brings in revenue, over the long term, it will provide the opportunity for potential economies of scale associated with the greater population and more compact service ' area. The compactness of the remainder of the Cupertino service area is ' compromised to a considerable degree by the existence of unin- corporated islands which are scattered throughout the City. These areas benefit greatly from the existence of the surrounding City services (e.g. street maintenance, parks, median landscaping, etc.) while they pay no property taxes nor do they actively participate in local decisions concerning these services. Policy 7-1; The City should continue to actively pursue, under the new IDRGA legislation, incorporation of the "islands" of less than 100 acres, and encourage areas exceeding 100 acres to annex. Said incorporation should recognize the unique character and de- sires of unincorporated residents in terms of street standards, etc. The following map outlines the unincorporated islands and those which are less than 100 acres. .. t ' if i fi 71. 11 fN .. - ..,,irrt Unincorporated Less than 100 acres 7_? 16 1 1 1 1 f IMPLEMENTATION 7-3 Plan Implementation Chart California State law requires that communities evaluate public works projects for conformity with the Plan. State law also man- dates that cities consider means for putting the Plan into effect and to serve as a basis for the efficient expenditure of its funds relating to the subject areas of the General Plan The programs of the Comprehensive Plan span the range between those which the City can directly influence to those which are almost completely out of local control. In both cases, ex- ternal influences and future uncertainties complicate the job of establishing and implementing policies which will achieve the City's objectives. The assignment of implementation of the Plan is further complicated by the limitations on the use of certain revenue sources. For instance, the gas tax is ear -marked for road improvements and related matters. Even in light of these uncertainties and limitations, the choices and alternatives for the future should be evaluated. The purpose of the implementation strategy is to outline the specific policies of the Plan which require some form of detailed implementation or future action. The Plan Implementation Chart lists the policies requiring actions along with the Capital Im- provements Programs relating to park development, acquisition and street improvements. Additionally, the table lists the implementing ordinances and studies, and areas requiring future General Plan study. Each individual policy or program is charted based upon its relative importance and the action areas which it influences (i.e. capital improvements, program area or staff study, new ordinance or code and inter -agency coordination). The Plan Implementation Chart is a generalized concept of the City's priorities and is not considered as part of the policy document of the General Plan. Rather, the chart is intended to be a tool for evaluating the City's performance with respect to these pro- gram areas and the relative weight of these programs when compared to one another. The Capital Improvements Program is the principal implementation tool of the City. At the time of review of this document, the City will utilize the Plan Implementation Chart to determine relative priorities and will modify that chart as future decisions are arrived at. Monitoring Effectiveness of the Plan The programs and policies listed in the Implementation Chart must be evaluated on a yearly basis to ensure that the City is on the optimum course towards realizing its objectives. Such a monitoring effort should be conducted in the context of the General Plan review which also should be conducted on an annual basis. Policy 7-2: The General Plan shall be reviewed annually by the Planning Commission and City Council and by an ad hoc citizens' review committee every five years. GENERAL °LAN RESOLUTIONS DATE 2-26-64 3-31-69 2-7-72 3-20-72 9-18-72 12-19-73 9-16-74 10-7-74 1-6-75 12-14-76 1-5-76 6-22-76 --PC-RES 183 620 1074 1031 1098 1183 1336 1347 1379 1500 1484 1548 — 1705 12-19-77 1764 2-21-78 1795 8-8-78 1851 7-2-79 1948 4-21-80 2051 7-7-80 2091 2-23-81 -- ---DATE 1-27-64 3-10-69 6-12-72 2-14-72 8-25-72 7-13-73 3-26-74 9-23-74 '• 12-18-74 2-23-76 12-22-75 6-22-76 6-27-77 11-14-77 11-28-77 6-26-78 6-26-79 6-9-80 (Tie vote) ' YEAR -------------------CC-RES_ SUBJECT 1964 General Plan Document 906 1969 Monta Vista 1766 ' 1972 Housing Element 3206 L972 Crossroads/Core ' Area 3239 1972 Open Space/ Conservation 3345 L972 Core Area Land ' Use 3592 1974 :An. Core Area 3754 t1974 Valley Floor Infilling 3747 i974 St. Ck. Flood Plain 3815 ' 1975 Htariani (4 Phase) -- 1976 Vallco Park Area 4097 ' 1976 Hill Area G.P. 4192 1977 Hillside Sewage' ' Improvements 4516 1977 Policy Land Use 4607 ' 1978 Old Honta Vista/ St. Ck. 1,645 1978 Land Vise 5758 1979 GP to Comprehensive ' Plan Adm. of 5046 Elements 1980 Adm. St. Ck Blvd. Plan 5273 I� 1980 Adm. Land Use Elm. 5325 1980 Adm. Rezoning F&G 5566 DATE 2-26-64 3-31-69 2-7-72 3-20-72 9-18-72 12-19-73 9-16-74 10-7-74 1-6-75 12-14-76 1-5-76 6-22-76 --PC-RES 183 620 1074 1031 1098 1183 1336 1347 1379 1500 1484 1548 — 1705 12-19-77 1764 2-21-78 1795 8-8-78 1851 7-2-79 1948 4-21-80 2051 7-7-80 2091 2-23-81 -- ---DATE 1-27-64 3-10-69 6-12-72 2-14-72 8-25-72 7-13-73 3-26-74 9-23-74 '• 12-18-74 2-23-76 12-22-75 6-22-76 6-27-77 11-14-77 11-28-77 6-26-78 6-26-79 6-9-80 (Tie vote) GENERAL PLAN RESOLUTIONS (continued) YEAR SUBJECT ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- CC RES. DATE PC RES. DATE 1981 Housing Element 5724 9/29/81 2241 9/14/81 Amendment 1982 Town Center 5817 2/16/82 2276 1/11/82 Area 4 Amendment CITY OF CIIPERTINO CITY COUNCIL Robert A. Meyers - Mayor Daniel O'Keefe - Vice Mayor James E. Jackson W. Reed Sparks Barbara A. Rogers PLANNING COMMISSION John M. Gatto - Chairman R.D. Koenitzer - Vice Chairman Sharon Blaine Victor J. Adams John Claudy CITY MANAGER Robert W. Quinlan PLANNING DEPARTMENT James H. Sisk - Director Robert S. Cowan - Assistant Director Steve Piasecki - Associate Planner Toby Kramer - Assistant Planner Mark Caughey - Assistant Planner Sue Hastings - Housing Rehabilitation Counselor Tom J. Gilbertson - Graphics Linda J. Prat - Graphics Peggy Crissman - Department Secretary PUBLIC WORKS DEPARTMENT Bert J. Viskovich - Director Travice Whitten - Assistant Director Glenn Grigg - Traffic Engineer CONSULTANTS William R. Cotton - Geologic Consultant Donald K. Goodrich - Transnorcacion Enzineer July 1979 July 1-979 1 BIBLIOGRAPHY ' LAND USE/COMMUNITY CHARACTER Burchell, Robert W. and Listokin, David. The Fiscal Impact t Handbook. Center for Urban Policy Research, Rutgers University. New Brunswick, New Jersey, 1978. California Department of Parks and Recreation. "California Inventory of Historic Resources". Sacramento, March 1976. ' California History Center, De Anza College. Cupertino Chronicle. Edwards Brothers. Ann Arbor, Michigan, 1975. DeChiara, Joseph and Koppelman, Lee. Planning Design Criteria. Van Nostrand Reinhold Company. New York, New York, 1969. Franklin, Herbert M.; Falk, David; Levin, Arthur J. In -Zoning ' A Guide for Policy -makers on Inclusionary Land Use Program The Potomac Institute, Washington, D.C., December 1974. Goodman, William I. and Freund, Eric C. Ed. Principles and ' Practice of Urban Planning. International City Manager's Association, Washington, D.C., 1968. Greenberg, Michael R.; Krueckeberg, Donald A.; Michaelson, Connie. ' Local Population and Employment Project Techniques. Center for Urban Policy Research, Rutgers University. New Brunswick, New Jersey, 1978. ' Compan7, Kent, T.J. Jr. The Urban General Plan. Chandler Publishing San Francisco, 1964. ' Kramer, Toby Robinson, An Approach to Sign Regulations". Master Thesis. San Jose State University. May 1975. ' Myronuk Ph.D. Professor Donald, "Carbon Monoxide Levels Attributable to use of Drive -Up Window Facilities", February 5, 1976. Newman, Oscar, "Architectural Design for Crime Prevention". United States Government Printing Office. 1971 Rutledge, Albert J. Anatomy of a Park. McGraw-Hill Book Company. New York, New York, 1971. .1 1 Santa Clara County Department of Public Works. "Creative Road Design Guide". February 1971. 1 Santa Clara County Historical Heritage Commission. "Santa Clara County Heritage Resource Inventory". San Jose, California, 1975. 1 "A Santa Clara Valley Water District. Landscaping Guide to Native and Naturalized Plants for Santa Clara County". No date. 1 Williams-Kuebelbeck and Associates, Inc. "Cupertino Town Center North - Economic Evaluation of Proposed Development Alternatives". January 1978. 1 HOUSING 1 Abraham, Maurice P. "The Availability and Geographical Distribution of New Median Income Housing in the San Francisco Bay Area 1970-1975". December 1975. Association of Bay Area Governments. "Housing Profile San Francisco Bay Area 1970-1975". November 1977. Association of Bay Area Governments. "Phase I of the Regional Housing Element - San Francisco Bay Area". Berkeley, California. 1 August 1975. Association of Bay Area Governments. "Provisional Series 3 Projections 1 Population, Housing Employment and Land Uses San Francisco Bay Region". Berkeley, California. March 1977. 1 Association of Bay Area Governments. "The Regional Housing Plan San Francisco Bay Area". Berkeley, California. January 1978. 1 California Department of Housing and Community Development. "Housing Element Manual". March 1978. California Department of Housing and Community Development. "Fair 1 Share Allocation Plan for the Cities and Counties of the ABAG Region". February 1979. 1 Cupertino, City of. "Below Market Rate Housing Program - Procedural Manual". April 1979. Cupertino Planning Department. "Condominium Conversion Study" November 1976. 1 ' San Jose State University, School of Business. "Apartment Survey for Santa Clara County". July 1976. ' Santa Clara County "1975 Special Census". Santa Clara County "Housing Element". October 1974. t Santa Clara County Housing Task Force. "Housing -A Call for Action". October 1977. ' United States Department of Housing and Urban Development. "Postal Vacancy Survey, San Jose, California". November 1976. ' Younger, Evelle J.; Knight, Foster C. "Attorney General's Report on Low and Moderate Income Housing". January 1976. CIRCULATION ' Bochner, Brian S. "Regulation of Driveway Access to Arterial Streets". Barton Aschman Associates, Inc. Evanston, Illinois. Printed ' in Public Works Magazine. October 1978. pp.82-87. Daniel, Mann, Johnson 6 Mendenhall; Alan M. Voorhees 6 Associates; Economics Research Associates; Earthmetrics; Gillfillan, Walter E.; ' Vigil, Juan S. "Santa Clara Valley Corridor Evaluation". Prepared for ABAG and MTC. February 1977. ' DeLeuw, Cather and Company. "Santa Clara County Transit District Light Rail Feasibility and Alternatives Analysis". San Francisco, California. August 1976. ' DeLeuw, Cather and Company. "Vallco Park Regional Shopping Center - Traffic Impact Study". San Francisco, California. May 1973. ' DeLeuw, Cather and Company. "Vallco Park Traffic Reduction Study". San Francisco, California. November 1975. Donald Fisher and Associates. "Cupertino Town Center Preliminary Traffic Study". Van Nuys, California. August 1973. Goodrich, D.K. "Analysis of Possible Future Traffic Impacts on Stevens ' Creek Boulevard and the Adjacent Communities". Stevens Creek Boulevard Plan Line. August 1977. 1 ' Institute for Local Self Government. "California Low and Moderate Income Housing Laws". Berkeley, California. March 1975. ' Institute for Local Self Government. "Local Government's Role in Housing". Berkeley, California. September 1975. ' San Jose State University, School of Business. "Apartment Survey for Santa Clara County". July 1976. ' Santa Clara County "1975 Special Census". Santa Clara County "Housing Element". October 1974. t Santa Clara County Housing Task Force. "Housing -A Call for Action". October 1977. ' United States Department of Housing and Urban Development. "Postal Vacancy Survey, San Jose, California". November 1976. ' Younger, Evelle J.; Knight, Foster C. "Attorney General's Report on Low and Moderate Income Housing". January 1976. CIRCULATION ' Bochner, Brian S. "Regulation of Driveway Access to Arterial Streets". Barton Aschman Associates, Inc. Evanston, Illinois. Printed ' in Public Works Magazine. October 1978. pp.82-87. Daniel, Mann, Johnson 6 Mendenhall; Alan M. Voorhees 6 Associates; Economics Research Associates; Earthmetrics; Gillfillan, Walter E.; ' Vigil, Juan S. "Santa Clara Valley Corridor Evaluation". Prepared for ABAG and MTC. February 1977. ' DeLeuw, Cather and Company. "Santa Clara County Transit District Light Rail Feasibility and Alternatives Analysis". San Francisco, California. August 1976. ' DeLeuw, Cather and Company. "Vallco Park Regional Shopping Center - Traffic Impact Study". San Francisco, California. May 1973. ' DeLeuw, Cather and Company. "Vallco Park Traffic Reduction Study". San Francisco, California. November 1975. Donald Fisher and Associates. "Cupertino Town Center Preliminary Traffic Study". Van Nuys, California. August 1973. Goodrich, D.K. "Analysis of Possible Future Traffic Impacts on Stevens ' Creek Boulevard and the Adjacent Communities". Stevens Creek Boulevard Plan Line. August 1977. 1 1 1 1 1 F� 1 1 I Goodrich, D.K. "Traffic Report - Hill Area General Plan Study". April 1975. JHK and Associates. "Traffic Signal Interconnect Feasibility Study - City of Cupertino, California". July 1977. JHK and Associates. "Cupertino General Plan Study Report and References Transportation and Traffic Investigations". San Francisco, California. August 1974. Jones-Tillson and Associates; William Spangle and Associates. "Santa Cruz Mountains Area Road Study". Palo Alto, California. 1974. Metropolitan Transportation Commission. "Regional Transportation Plan - Nine -County San Francisco Bay Area". Berkeley, California 1979 Edition. Santa Clara County Planning Department. "Transportion/Land Use Planning Outlook within the Present General Plan's Structure". San Jose, California. August 1979. Santa Clara County Transit District. "Transit Development Program FY 80-84". San Jose, California. February 1979. ENVIRONMENTAL RESOURCES Bay Area Air Pollution Control District. "Air Pollution and the San Francisco Bay Area". San Francisco, California. 1977. Cupertino, City of. "Hillside General Plan/Draft Environmental Impact Report. Appendix B". 1976. DeLeuw, Cather and Company. "Santa Clara County Transit District. Light Rail Feasibility and Alternative Analysis. Land Use, Socio - Economics, Environmental Considerations". DeLeuw, Cather and Company. San Francisco, California. 1976. Petri, Tito; Streatfield, David C.; and Ingmire, Thomas J. "The Santa Cruz Mountains Regional Pilot Study Early Warning System". Department of Landscape Architecture, University of California. Berkeley, California. 1970 Ridgeway, James, Ed. "The Davis Experiment. One City's Plan to Save Energy". Washington, D.C. 1971. San Jose - Cupertino Boundary Study Advisory Committee. "San Jose/ Cupertino Boundary Study Background Report". Local Agency Formation Commission of Santa Clara County. August 1976. .1 I 1 1 Santa Clara County Historical Heritage Commission. "Santa Clara County Heritage Resource Inventory". San Jose, California. October 1975. Santa Clara County Planning Department. "A Plan of Regional Parks for Santa Clara County. An Element of the General Plan of Santa Clara County". San Jose, California. 1972. Santa Clara County Planning Department. "Unemployment Problems in Santa Clara County: A Summary". September 1978. Santa Clara County Planning Policy Committee; Hillside Subcommittee. "A Conservation/Development Plan for the Santa Cruz Mountains, Santa Clara County, California". San Jose, California. June 1972. Santa Clara Valley Water District. "Creative Creekside Street Design" San Jose, California. 1979. 1 1 Association of Bay Area Governments. "Experiences and Perceptions of Local Government on Earthquake Hazards and Local Government Liability". Berkeley, California. 1978. Association of Bay Area Governments. "San Francisco Bay Region. A Review of Geotechnical Study Costs". Berkeley, California. 1978. Santa Clara Valley Water District, Design and Construction Unit Staff. "Draft Engineer's Report and Draft Environmental Impact Report on Proposed Flood and Erosion Control Measures for Calabazas Creek . (Stevens Creek Boulevard to Interstate 280), North Central Zone, Project Number 2010". February 1977. Santa Clara Valley Water District, Design and Construction Unit Staff. "Planning Study for Stevens Creek (Central Avenue Mountain View ' to Stevens Creek Dam), Northwest Zone, Project Number 1029". August 1974. PUBLIC HEALTH AND SAFETY ' Association of Bay Area Governments. "Earthquake Insurance Issues". Berkeley, California. 1977. ' Association of Bay Area Governments. "Earthquake Intensity and Related Cost in the San Francisco Bay Area". Berkeley, California. 1978. 1 1 Association of Bay Area Governments. "Experiences and Perceptions of Local Government on Earthquake Hazards and Local Government Liability". Berkeley, California. 1978. Association of Bay Area Governments. "San Francisco Bay Region. A Review of Geotechnical Study Costs". Berkeley, California. 1978. 16 1 Joint Committee on Seismic Safety. "Meeting the Earthquake Challenge. Part One: A Comprehensive Approach to Seismic Safety". Final ' Report to the Legislature. Sacramento, California. 1974. Klaveness, Peter; Pack, Edward L. "Kaiser Permanente Truck Traffic ' Noise Study for the County of Santa Clara". 1978. Lipscomb,Ph.D, David M.; Taylor Jr., Ph.D., Arthur C. Editors. Noise Control Handbook of Principles and Practices. Van Nostrand Reinhold tCompany. New York, New York. 1978. Margerum, Terry. "Will Local Government be Liable for Earthquake Losses". ' Association of Bay Area Governments. Berkeley, California. 1979. McClure, Frank E.; Messinger, David L. "Performance of Single-family Dwellings in the San Fernando Earthquake of February 9, 1971". t U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development, National Oceanic and atmospheric Administration. 1973. Nelson, R. R.; Rinker, E.S.; Raymond, A.W. "Sound Level Study for the City of Cupertino: Society of Linguistics Engineers, San Francisco Bay Area Chapter. March 1976. Newman, Oscar. Defensible Soace: Crime Prevention Through Urban Design. MacMillan. New York, New York. 1972. ' Pack and Associates, Edward L. "Kaiser Truck Noise". July 1978. Peterson, Arnold P.G.; Gross Jr., Ervin E. Noise Measurement. General Radio Company. Concord, Massachusetts. 1974. ' "Environmental Rogers, Thomas H.; Armstrong, Charles F. Geologic Analvsis of the Montebello Ridge Mountain Study Area, Santa Clara Countv, California". A supplement to "Environmental Geologic Analysis of ' the Santa Cruz Mountain Study Area, Santa Clara Countv, California". California Division of Mines and Geology. Sacramento, California. 1973. ' "Sound Sages. Studv for the Citv of Cupertino'. Scientific Advisor? Group for Environment and Services - Lockheed MSC Management ' Association. Sunnyvale, California. December 1974. San Jose, City of. "Noise Element". November 1974. ' Santa Clara Countv Environmental Management Agency. "The Safetv Element of the General Plan of Santa Clara County". Santa Clara County Planning Department, San Jose, California. 1977. I,, ' Santa Clara County Planning Department. "Land Development Constraints. Fire Hazard". San Jose, California. 1979. "Seismic Santa Clara County Planning Department. Safety Plan. An Element of the General Plan, Santa Clara County". San Jose, ' California. 1975. Santa Cruz, City of. "Noise Element". July 1976. ' Scott, James. "Stevens Creek Reservoir Landslide Investigation". Santa Clara Valley Water District. 1976. Swersey. Arthur L.; Ingnall, Edward J.; Corman, Hope; Armstrong, Philip; ' and Weindling, Joachim I. Fire Protection and Local Government: An Evaluation of Policv-Related Research. The New York City Rand Institute. 1975. ' "Estimation Swing, Jack W. of Community Noise Exposure in Terms of Day -Night Average Noise Contours". California Department of Health, Office of Noise Control. Sacramento, California. ' May 1975. United States Department of Transportation. "Highway Noise". U.S. Goverment Printing Office. Washington, D.C. 1979. United States Environmental Protection Agency. "Information on Levels of Environmental Noise Requisite to Protect Public Health and ' Welfare with an Adequate Margin of Safety". U.S. Government Printing Office. Washington, D.C. 1974. United States Office of Civil Defense. "In time of Emergencv. A Citizen's Handbook on Nuclear Attack and Natural Disasters". United States Department of Defense. 1968. ' YOUD, T.L.; Hoose, S.V. "Historic Ground Failures in Northern California Associated with Earthquakes". Geological Survey ' Professional Paper 993. U.S. Government Printing Office. Washington, D.C. 1978 I,, ir� ' California Office of Noise Control. "Guidelines for the Preparation and Content of Noise Elements of the General Plan". California Department of Health. Berkeley, California. 1976. ' "Effects Central Institute for the Deaf. of Noise on People". U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. Washington, D.C. December 1971. Cupertino City Manager's Office. "Emergency Operations Center". ' City of Cupertino. 1976. "Earthquake: Dum, Larry. Surviving the Big One". San Francisco Examiner. April 25, 1977. ' "Earthquake: Dum, Larry. Surviving the Big One,'65 Seconds after Disaster..."' San Francisco Examiner. April 26, 1977. ' Dum, Larry. "Earthquake: Surviving the Big One, 'Quake through Kids' Eyes"'. San Francisco Examiner. April 28, 1977. Dum, Larry. "Earthquake: Surviving the Big One, 'The Key will be Communications"' San Francisco Examiner. April 27, 1977. Dum, Larry. "Earthquake: Surviving the Big One, 'Things to put away for a Shaky Day"'. San Francisco Examiner, April 29, 1977. Dupree, Russell B. "Evaluation of Outdoor to Indoor Noise Reduction of Building Facades and Outdoor Noise Barrier". California Department of Health, Office of Noise Control. Sacramento, California. July 1975. 1 "Air Earthmetrics, Inc. Quality and Noise Analysis for the Stevens Creek Boulevard Plan Line Study". Palo Alto, California. March 1977. Earthmetrics, Inc. "Noise Element of the Los Altos General Plan". October 1977. ' "City Concord Seismic Earth Sciences Associates; EDAW, Inc. of Safety Element and (Public) Safety Element of the General Plan'. ' The City of Concord. 1974. Eastman, George D., Ed. Municipal Police Administration. Seventh Edition. International City Management Association. ' Washington, D.C. 1971. Iwamura, Thomas I.; Scott, James B. "Introductory Statement Landslide Investigation". Santa Clara Valley Water District. 1976. ir� GENERAL PLAN AMENDMENT I • RESOLUTION NO. 7436 A RESOLUTION OF THE CITY COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF CUPERTINO ADOPTING AN AMENDMENT TO THE GENERAL PLAN CONCERNING RESIDENTIAL DESIGN AND REDEVELOPMENT DENSITY BONUS WHEREAS, the City Council as a part of the General Plan study, has reviewed the recommendations of the Planning Commission and has held Public hearings involving many citizens and hours of discussion, and WHEREAS, the City Council has concluded its deliberation relative to the General Plan Amendment. NOW, THEREFORE, BE IT RESOLVED: 1. That the City Council hereby adopts an amendment to the General Plan as set forth in Exhibit A and B attached hereto and made a part hereof. • 2. That the City Council hereby authorizes the Mayor to endorse said adoption. PASSED AND ADOPPED at a regular meeting of the City council of the City of Cupertino this 7th day of March, 1988, by the following vote: VOTE MEMBERS OF THE CITY COUNCIL AYES: Koppel, Plungy, Rogers, Gatto NAYS: None ABSTAIN: None ABSENT: Johnson .. COW21-031 /s/ John M. Gatto MAYOR CITY OF CUPE ITNO ATTEST: • /s/ Dorothy Cornelius CITY CLERK CITY OF CUPE2TINO POLICY 2-22A: SCATS OF RESIDEN= DEVECDR= New residential development (including remodeling) shall be reasonably ccapatible in scale and density with the predominate citywide single-family residential development pattern. 1. Control Size of New Single-family Construction Amend zoning ordinal -u --es to control the size of new residential construction. 2. Size and Density of Adjacent Non -Conventional Residential Residential development located in non -conventional zoning districts shall reduce the scale arra intensity of building forms adjacent to existing single-family neighborhoods to be reasonably compatible with the adjacent single-family residential development. Development intensity may be reduced below the minimum dwelling unit density specified in the land use diagram to a=xplish the above objectives. 3. Privacy and Perceived Building Mass Minimize excessive visual intrusion into adjacent developed residential properties and reduce perceived building mass from • adjacent developed residential properties due to grade deferentials. SCP01-6-88(STEVE) E< L=Ir a ROLICY 6a.7: RIDEVELOR-QN BONUS • Small substandard parcels (developed or undeveloped) may increase the .� allowable building area by a max== of 1,000 sq. ft. However, in no case may the Floor Area Patio exceed .4. 1GPA87 (S'EVE) • LI • • 0 2 -GPA -84 RESOLUTION ^,7. 6497 A RESOLUTION OF THE CITY COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF CUPERTINO ADOPTING AN AMENDMENT TO THE COMPREHENSIVE GENERAL PLAN FOR THE TOWN CENTER PLANNING AREA WHEREAS, the City Council., as a part of the comprehensive General Plan study, has reviewed the recommendations of the Planning Commission and has held public hearings involving many citizens and hours of discussion, and . WHEREAS, the City Council has concluded its deliberation relative to the General Plan Amendment. NOW, THEREFORE. BE IT RESOLVED: 1. That the City Council hereby adopts an amendment to the General Plan as set forth in Exhibit A attached hereto and made a part thereof. 2. That the City Council hereby authorizes the Mayor to endorse said adoption. PASSED AND ADOPTED at a regular meeting of the City Council of the City of Cupertino this 19th day of Febr_u_a_X--1 1985, by the following vete: Jcte Members_ of_the -City _Council FEES: Gatto, Rogers, Sparks, Johnson NOES, Plungy ABSENT: None ABSTAIN: None ATTEST /s/ Allison Villarante ------------------- Catv Clerk Deputy APPROVED: /s/ Phil N. Johnson ------------------------ Mayor, City of Cupertino EXHIBIT A: General Plan Amendment 2—GF-A-84 Revised Fiqure 2=G of 1979 General Plan FIGURE 2—G TOWN CENTER TRIP ACCOUNTING BY MAJOR OWNERSHIP SITE A CALI FAMILY 418 TRIPS TRIP CREDIT 26.11 ACRES X 16/ACRE 418 TRIP GENERATION --------------- SD_ FT: F CTGA TRIPS USE S�=_FT_ FACTOR TRIPS OFFICE 339,000 1/1000 - 3:39 RESIDENTIAL 158 DU .5/DU = 79 • TOTAL TOTAL 418 SITE B MAY INVESTMENT (TOWN CENTER PROPERTIES) 226 -TRIPS TRIP_CREDIT 14.11 ACRES X 16/ACRE = 226 (plus 3 additional trips approved by City Council Resolution No. 6136 = 229) TRIP -SERERATION -------------- ALTERNATIVE I USE SD_ FT: F CTGA TRIPS OFFICE 45,0001 111000 i 45 RESIDENTIAL 366 .5/OU -183 ELDERLY 0 Min.) .18411 = 40 • TOTAL = 223 ALTERNATIVE 2 USE SART: FACTORS TRIPS OFFICE 90,000 (Max.) 1%1000 - 90 RESIDENTIAL 216 (Max.) ^31.5/0U - 13B ELDERLY 220 Min.) .18411 = 40 TOTAL = 268 Note 1: Any portion of the additional 45,000 sq. ft, of office space in Alternative 2 can be built only if built concurrently with or subsequent to a minimum of 220 elderly units. Vote 2: The land use mix for Site B will he precisely defined in con,•unction with a use pernit application. The total project nix will comply with the trip constraints as set forth above. The residential component incluping the elderly housing shall be subject to the Below Market Rate Housing Program. SITE C LINCOLN PROPERTIES 112 TRIPS TRIP CREDIT 7.0 ACRES X 16/ACRE = 112 TRIP_GENERATION USE S(O__FT_ FACTOR TRIPS OFFICE 91,000 1/1000 = 91 RESIDENTIAL 42 DU .5/DU 21 TOTAL = 113 TOTAL 47.26 ACRES X 16 756 TRIPS Exhibit A: General Plan Amendment 2 -GPA -84 Revised Policy 3-C of 1 -GPA -60 Existing_W9rding_of_Policy_l_from_l_GPA-80 Policy 3 - Subject to the exceptions listed below, the land use intensity policies for the Town Center Planning Area remains unchanged. a. The 26+ acre Cali family landholdino is permitted 300,000 sq. ft. of additional commercial and office space plus a maximum 240 room hotel complex. The hotel is a permitted land use subject to an economic analysis which demonstrates that the Town Center hotel will not have an adverse effect upon the construction of the Vallco Park hotel complex. b. Town Center developers are encouraged to submit development proposals which incorporate, to the greatest extent possible, the maximum number of dwelling units designated on Figure 2-E. c. The maximum 90,000 sq. ft of non-residential space designated for Site B shall be service oriented professional office and/or community or local retailing activities. 0 2 -GPA -H4 • RESOLUTION NO. 6512 A RESOLUTION OF THE CITY COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF CUPERTINO ADOPTING AN AMENDMENT TO THE COMPREHENSIVE GENERAL PLAN FOR THE OLD MONTA VISTA PLANNING AREA WHEREAS, the City Council, as a part of the comprehensive General. Plan study, has reviewed the recommendations of the Planning Commission and has held public hearings involving many citizens and hours of discussion, and WHEREAS, the City Council has concluded its deliberations relative to the General Plan Amendment. NOW, THEREFORE, BE IT RESOLVED: 1. That the City Council hereby adopts an amendment to the General Plan as set forth in Exhibit A attached hereto and made a part thereof. 2. That the City Council hereby authorizes the Mayor to • endorse said adoption. PASSEDAND ADOPTED at a regular meeting of the City CUI,r,ci 1 of the City of Cupertino this 19th day of FEhrarrv_—, 1985, by the following roll call vote: Vote Members_ of_the _City_Council AYES: Gatto, Plungy, Rogers, Sparks, Johnson HUES; None ABSENT: None ABSTAIN: None ATTEST: APPROVED: /s/ Allison Villarante -------------------- ;)uty City Clerk 0 /s/ Phil N. Johnson ------------------------- Mayor, City of Cupertino • EXHIBl r (- PLANNING COMMISSION RESOLUTION NO. 200: 1. The land use intensity for properties located within the study area boundary depicted an Figure 1 is regulated by .33 Floor Area Ratio (FAR) for commercial and .33 FAR for office. _. The mix of _uses must comply with off-street parking requirements established by the relevant zoning district. The owners of property located east of Orange Avenue, north of Granada .Avenue, west of the Southern Pacific Railroad right of way and south of Stevens Creek Boulevard may rely on public parking located on Pasadena and Imperial Avenues to meet the off-street parking needs for the commercial component for a mi>:ed use development. Parking for the office component must be provided on site. Policies 1 and 2 of General Plan Resolution No. 21,")09 are hereby rescinded. 4. Commercial and office structures shall be designed in a manner to provide a "traditional store front" appearance on public streets. Buildings intended for an initial office use • shall be designed to accommodate futureentrances from the sidewalk for future retail shops. The building should not be separated from the public sidewalk by extensive landscaping beds or changes in elevation. d.:., ,'�.•V'. O R Ciaa at .n. MENTARV • •\ bra / ly SIIOOI �..: •: 1: r at �• 1K•a11� of a • • 1 Oi • 4C't1 • Y10 1 Y XfAM 1aRR , I/�• I I MONTA VISTA.[ �•;. aa,,,j PLANNING AREA Figure I L E G E N D — BOUNDARY LINE DESCRIBING AREA WHERE COMMERCIAL ACTIVITIES CAN OCCUPY OFFICE BUILDINGS CONSTRUCTED BASED UPON A .33 FLOOR AREA RATIO ®BOUNDARY OF AREA WHERE PROPERTY ONWERS CAN OBTAIN CREDIT FOR ON STREET PARKING FOR COtMRCIAL ACTIVITIES Application 2 -GPA -84 • w as'.. ►'i Ixx••I' IJf/d I _� w Figure I L E G E N D — BOUNDARY LINE DESCRIBING AREA WHERE COMMERCIAL ACTIVITIES CAN OCCUPY OFFICE BUILDINGS CONSTRUCTED BASED UPON A .33 FLOOR AREA RATIO ®BOUNDARY OF AREA WHERE PROPERTY ONWERS CAN OBTAIN CREDIT FOR ON STREET PARKING FOR COtMRCIAL ACTIVITIES Application 2 -GPA -84 ,1 10300 Torre Avenue Cupertino, California 95014 Telephone: f4W) 251-4505 June 21, 1984 T0: ALL INTERESTED PARTIES CITY COUNCIL ACTION Cites of Cuperti"o P.O. Box 500 Cupertino. California 95015 This will confirm the action by the City Council at their meeting of June 18, 1984 at which Council adopted a motel policy per Planning Commission Resolution No. 2525. Sincerely, DOROTHY CORNELIUS CITY CLERK rw cc: Department of Planning and Development Itsuo Uenaka Geno Castello 10431 N. De Anza Boulevard 14744 Montalvo Road Cupertino, CA 95014 Saratoga, CA 95070 Hing Enterprises Limited Yue Tung Manuel h Rosalie Castello 3901 Woodcreek Lane P. 0. Box 61478 San Jose, CA 95117 Sunnyvale, CA 95086 John Milich 6 Steven Dorcich 2435 Forest Avenue San Jose, Ca 95128 Crossroads Center Allen b Marian Byer c/o Hare, Brewer 8 Kelley 305 Lytton Avenue Palo Alto, CA 94301 -1- Robert Allario 14169 Okanogad Drive Saratoga, CA 95070 Pinn Brothers Construction Steve Evarkiou 2470 S. Winchester Avenue Campbell, CA 95008 General Plan lnteroretation • RESOLUTION NO. 2323 OF THE PLANNING COMMISSION OF THE CITY OF CUPERTINO ADOPTING A POLICY REGARDING THE APPLICATION OF THE GENERAL PLAN FLOOR AREA RATIO (F.A.R.) REQUIREMENTS TO MOTEL DEVELOPMENTS.. A motel operation, which is primarily comprised of residential guest roams, is a unique commercial land use, particularly with respect to traffic generation. This policy establishes a F.A.R. regulation which recognize the unique commercial/residential characteristics of a motel activity. The F.A.R. rule for a motel operation is as follows: A .70 F.A.R. ceiling establishes the maximum building floor space for all categories of land use activity on a motel site. No more than .20 F.A.R. of the above mentioned ceiling can be used for ancillary activities such as shops and restaurants. Furthermore, the total .70 F.A.R. ceiling will be lowered .01 F.A.R. for each .01 F.A.R. of ancillary space. For example, a motel with no ancillary space located on a 10,000 sq. ft. site can have a .70 F.A.R. or 7,000 sq. ft. of • guest room space. A motel with .20 F.A.R. ancillary space (2,000 sq, ft.) located an the same 10,000 sq. ft. site could only have .aO F.A.R. (3,000 sq. ft.) of guest room space. (The .20 F.A.R. ancillary space lowers total .70 ceiling to .30. The .20 F.A.R. ancillary space plus .30 guest rooms space - .30 F.A.R.) PASSED AND ADOPTED this 13th day of June, 1984, at a regular adjourned meeting a4 the Planning Commission of the City of Cupertino, State of California, by the following roll call vote: AYES: Commissioners Adams, Claudy, Koenitzer, Szabo and Chairperson Blaine NAYS: None ABSTAINS None ABSENT: None ATTEST: /sl James H _ Sisk James H. Sisk Planning Director 0 APPROVEDs _/s/ Sharon Blaine Sharon Blaine, Chairperson Planning Commission RESOLUTION NO c,7.81 • A RESOLUTION OF THE CITY COUNCIL Ur THE CITY OF CUPERTINO ADOPTING AN AMENDMENT TO THE GENERAL PLAN CONCERNING LAND USE AND CIRCULATION. WHEREAS, the City Council as a part of the comprehensive General Plan study, has reviewed the recommendations of the Planning Commission and has held public hearings involving many citizens and hours of discussion, and WHEREAS, the City Council has concluded its deliberation relative to the General Plan Amendment. NOW, THEREFORE, BE IT RESOLVED: 1. That the City Council hereby adopts an amendment to the General Plan as set forth in Exhibit A attached hereto and made a part hereof. 2. That the City Council hereby authorizes the Mayor to endorse said adoption. PASSED AND ADOPTED at a regular meeting of the City Council of the City of Cupertino this 16th day of July, 1994, by • the following vote: Vote Members _o±_the_City_Council AYES: Council Members Gatto, Johnson, Rogers, Sparks and Mayor Plungy NOES: None APSENT: None ABSTAIN: None ATTEST: /s/ Dorothy Cornelius ------------------------- City Clerk 0 APPROVED: /s/ John J. Plungy, Jr. ------=----------------- Mayor, City of Cupertino I -GFA -64 - Exhibit A Resolution No. 6381 1. Policy 2_4(i of the GFr.erAl Plan i0 reworded. Policy 2-40 A minimum lot size for a conventional single-family residential zoned parcel is 6,000 sq. ft. The owner of an a::isting legally created, substandard residential property which is less than 6,000 sq. ft. but equal to or greater than 5,000 sq. ft., may utilize said parcel for a residential purpose. The owner of a legally created parcel of less than 5,000 sq. ft. may also develop (as a single-family residential buildino site) if it can be demonstrated that the property was not under the same ownership as any contiguous property on the same street frontage as of, or after, the effective date of this amendment. Owners of contiguous substandard residential lots of record which do not conform with density provisions. of 'the General Plan have the ability to reconfigure said lots when it results in a more logical development pattern and is • generally consistent with the character of the surrounding neighborhood. A consolidation or reconfiguration should not result in more lots or potential dwelling units than a number of legal lots .of record permitted by the second paragraph of this policy. Ll Use Intensity)__of_1-GPA-80 is amended by g a addin6a(g)_ -------------- ---------------------- Policy 6a (g) In order to facilitate the rehabilitation of older retail shopping centers constructed prior to the adoption of the "Core Arca Plan" on December 19, 1977, the City Council may approve a building area increase for a subject center even though said increase exceeds the base level Floor Area Ratio constraint. The allowed increase may range from 0 to 5,000 sq. ft. of additional gross floor space over the. existing floor area. The precise amount of additional square footage will be commensurate to the Page 1 of 2 • • E:'hi6it A Fes. No. 5=,81 (Continued) degree which an applicant complies with the general performance standards listed below: 1. The development plan incorporates new landscaping and other site improvements. _. The development plan incorporates architectural revisions consistent with General Plan Design Standards. The development plan provides space for new activities which are more consistent with land use or other policies contained in the General Plan. 4. The development plan provides other benefits consistent with the policies contained in the General Plan. 7. Amend the Stevens Creek Boulevard Plan Line: Action Plan. ------------------------------------------------------ The "Stevens Creek Boulevard Plan Line Study: Action Plan" is amended to delete reference to the Stevens Creek Boulevard Plan Line. 4. Floor -Area -Ratic) Trdnsfer -Policy_ ------------------ Core Area properties designated for commercial office, and/or industrial land use (nay transfer Floor Area Ratio Intensity Credit from one owner to another. In the context of this policy, a core area property is one which fronts De Anza Boulevard from Bollinger Road to Homestead Road and Stevens Creek Boulevard from Stelling Road to the eastern limit of the Urban Service Area Boundary. Tile policy also applies to properties that are not contiguous to said street but are part of a shopping center or planned industrial/office center which is contiguous to said streets. Properties involved in transfer must be zoned Planned Development and the degree of transfer is determined based upon the permitted land use intensity of the transferring site. Page 2 of • • RESOLUTION NO. 5859 A RESOLUTION OF THE CITY COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF CUPERTINO AMENDING THE ENVIRONMENTAL RESOURCES ELEMENT OF THE COM- PREHENSIVE GENERAL PLAN WHEREAS, the City Council has held a public hearing involving written reports and testimony from the Planning Commission, directly affected property owners, and citizens in general, and WHEREAS, the City Council has concluded its deliberations relative to the Environmental Resources Element revision of said General Plan. NOW, THEREFORE, BE IT RESOLVED: 1. That the City Council approved the amendment to the City of Cupertino General Plan as set forth below: Policy 5-30(a) - A private park may be approved and constructed in lieu of a public park identified on Figure 5-1 if said park is of a suitable size and contains facilities normally found in a public park. The City shall have a deed covenant guar- anteeing that the land involved will continue to function as a park. The arrow and statement denoting public access to the open space district on Figure 5F shall be eliminated in its entirety. 2. The City Council hereby authorizes the Mayor of the City of Cupertino to approve said amendment. PASSED AND ADOPTED at a regular meeting of the City Council of the City of Cupertino this 16th day of August 1982 by the following vote: Vote Members of the City Council AYES: Johnson, Plungy, Rogers, Sparks, Gattto NOES: None ABSENT: None ABSTAIN: None ATTEST: APPROVED: /s/ Dorothy Cornelius /s/ John Gatto City Clerk Mayor, City of Cupertino l J RESOLUTION NO. 2302 A RESOLUTION OF THE PLANNING COMMISSION OF THE CITY OF CUPERTINO RECOMMENDING AMENDMENT OF THE ENVIRONMENTAL RESOURCES ELEMENT OF THE COMPREHENSIVE GENERAL PLAN WHEREAS, the Planning Commission has held Dublic hearings involving written reports and testimony from Planning staff, directly affected property owners, and citizens in general, and WHEREAS, the Planning Commission has concluded its deliberations relative to the Environmental Resources Element revision of said General Plan. NOW, THEREFORE, BE IT RESOLVED: 1. That the Planning Commission approves the amendment to the City of Cupertino General Plan as set forth below: a. The following policy is added to Page 5-30 after Policy 5-30. Policy 5-30(a) - A private park may be approved and constructed in lieu of a public park identified on • Figure 5-J if said park is of a suitable size and contains facilities normally found in a public park. The City shall have a deed covenant guaranteeing that the land involved will continue to function as a park. • b. The statement following the arrow symbol denoting public access on Figure 5-F is reworded as follows: Public access to open space preserves. The degree of access in terms of the visibility of the trail head and the provisions of parking shall he determined by the City on a case-by-case basis following a public hearing. 2. The Planning Commission hereby authorizes the Chairman of the Planning Commission to endorse said adoption. PASSED AND ADOPTED at a regular meeting . of the Planning Commission of the City of Cupertino this 22nd day of April, L982 by the following vote: AYES: Commissioners NAYS: None ABSTAIN: None ABSENT: None ATTEST: James H. Sisk Planning Director Adams, Binnewee, Blaine, Koenitzer, Chairman Claudy APPROVED: /s1 John Claudy John Claude, Chairman Planning Commission • RESOLUTION NO. 5790 A RESOLUTION OF THE CITY COUNC[L OF THE CITY OF CUPERTINO ADOPTING AN AI4END14ENT TO THE GENERAL PLAN LAND USE MAP FOR THE FORGE/VIDOVICH PROPERTY (APPLICATION,2-GPA-31). WHENEAS, on January 4, 1982, the City Council of the City of Cupertino did conduct a public hearing regarding Application 2 -GPA -81 of the City of Cupertino to consider a General Plan Land Use Amendment involving the Forge/Vidovich property. WHEREAS, said property.contains approximately 7.4 acres generally located on the north side of Highway 280 approximately 400 ft. westerly of De Anza Boulevard. WHEREAS, at said public hearing Council reviewed the recommendation of the Planning Commission and heard from all interested parties wishing to speak; NOW, THEREFORE, BE IT RESOLVED that the City Council of the City of Cupertino hereby confirms the following actions taken at their meeting of January 4, 1982. Granting of negative declaration for Application 2 -GPA -81. • Approving a mixed land use designation with planned residential (10-20 dwelling units per gross acre) and commercial mini -storage not to exceed 33% of the land area. PASSED AND ADOPTED at a regular meeting of the City Council of the City of Cupertino this 4th day of January, 1982 by the following vote: Vote Members of the City Council AYES: Gatto, Johnson, Plungy, Rogers, Sparks NOES: None ABSENT: None ABSTAIN: None ATTEST: /s/ Dorothy Cornelius • City Clerk APPROVED: /s/ Reed Sparks Mayor, City of Cupertino • EXHIBIT A 2 -GPA -81 FORGEMDOVICH PROPERTY Location: 7.4 acres located north of Highway 280 and 400 ft. west of De Anza Boulevard. Land Use Diagram M 6J' I I Irl ♦I •,:��rt �t ,;" 1 L i • Y��rN 1148.1 7 J 11 I/,t11• ` .rr te Lr. I • Let�.YY•II �. VC✓VMN1 3. 160. YrI ' .'J• NOM1!STLi6 ,a V • PALES$ a leoustel►�; ° sulLolNul." u 0 O: A Qq =R9G OPTS (r no as..,YY♦ � I Y Land Use Amendment • From - General Plan Designation Residential 10-20 dwelling units per gross acre. To - GeneralPlanDesignation — Residential 10-20 dwelling units per gross acre or residential and public mini -storage (not to exceed 33% of land area) with the provision that the mini -storage use is permitted as a buffer to mitigate environmental impacts from the residential component. 2 -GPA -3L RESOLUTION NO. 2264 . OF THE PLANNING COK MISSION OF THE CITY OF CUPErTr NO RECOMMENDING TO THE CITY COUNCIL THAT THE CUPERTLNO GENERAL PLAN LAND USE PMAP BE AMENDED TO PERMIT COtRAERCIAL STORAGE USES, IN ADDITION TO RESIDL•NTIAL USES ON THE FORGE/VIDOVICH PROPERTY AS ILLUSTRATED ON EXHIBIT A. APPLICANT: City of Cupertino ADDRESS: 10300 Torre Avenue, Cupertino, California 95014 SUBMITTED: November 2, 1981 LOCATION: North side of Highway 280 approximately 400 ft. west of De Anza Boulevard. -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- FINDINGS AND SUBCONCLUSIONS: The Planning Commission finds that commercial storage uses on the subject property can be appropriately designed in a manner to compliment the predominant residential use of the property. ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- PASSF.D AND ADOPTED this 14th day of December, 1981 at a regular meeting of the Planning Commission of the City of Cupertino, State of California, by the following roll call vote: AYES: Commissioners Adams, Binneweg, Blaine, Koenitzer, Chairman Claudv • NAYS: None ABSTAIN: None ABSENT: None ATTEST: aures H. Sisk Planning Director • APPROVED: /s/ John Claudy John Claudy, Chairman Planning Commission - 2 - • RESOLUTION NO, 5817 A RESOLUTION OF THE CITY COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF CUPERTINO AMENDING THE LAND USE/COMMUNITY CHARACTER ELEMENT OF THE COMPREHENSIVE GENERAL PLAN WHEREAS, the City Council has held a public hearing involving written reports and testimony from the Planning Commission, directly affected property owners, and citizens in general, and WHEREAS, the City Council has concluded its deliberations relative to the Land Use/Community Character Element revision of said General Plan. NOW, THEREFORE, BE IT RESOLVED: 1. That the City Council approves the Amendment to the City of Cupertino General Plan as set forth in Exhibit A attached hereto and made a part thereof. 2. Tile City Council hereby authorizes the Mayor of the City of Cupertino to approve said amendment. • PASSED AND ADOPTED at a regular meeting of the City Council of the City of Cupertino, this L6th day of February 1982 by the following vote: VOTE MEMBERS OF THE CITY COUNCIL AYES: Gatto, Johnson, Plungy, Rogers, Sparks NAYS:. None ABSENT: None ABSTAIN: None ATTEST: /s/ Dorothy Cornelius City Clerk • APPROVED: /s/ W. Reed Sparks Mayor, City of Cupertino 0 • • RESOLUTION NO. 2276 A RESOLUTION OF THE PLANNING COMMISSION OF THE CITY OF CUPERTINO RECOMMENDING AMENDMENT OF THE LAND USE COMMUNITY CHARACTER ELEMENT OF THE COMPREHENSIVE GENERAL PLAN. WHEREAS, the Planning Commission has held public hearings involving written reports and testimony from Planning Staff, directly affected property owners, and citizens in general, and WHEREAS, the Planning Commission has concluded its deliberation relative to the Land Use Community Character Element revision of said General Plan. NOW, THEREFORE, BE IT RESOLVED: 1. That the Planning Commission approves the Amendment to the City of Cupertino General Plan as set forth in Exhibit A attached hereto and made a part thereof. 2. The Planning Commission hereby authorizes the Chairman of the Planning Commission to endorse said adoption. PASSED AND ADOPTED at a regular meeting of the Planning Commission of the City of Cupertino this 11th day of January, 1982 by the following vote: AYES: Commissioners Adams, NAYS: None ABSTAIN: None ABSENT: None ATTEST: ames H. Sisk Director of Planning Binneweg, Blaine, Koenitzer, Chairman Claudv APPROVED: /s/ John Claudy John Claudy, Chairman Planning Commission • TY HARA depth. A more precise definition of design policies and pro- cedural policies are contained within the Planned Development zoning district for the North De Anza Boulevard planning area. Area 4 - Town Center The Town Center Planning area contains approximately 100 acres located within the southeast quadrant of the intersection of Stevens Creek Boulevard and South De Anza Boulevard. The northern half of the area is dominated by the Cali Mill, some limited commercial. activities, and by agricultural uses (apricot orchard and drying sheds) which surround the Cali plant site. The southern half of the site is occupied by the Civic Center (City Hall and Library) and general and medical office uses. Rodrigues Avenue generally serves as a boundary line between the undeveloped northern properties and the developed southern properties. The close proximity of approximately 50 vacant and semi -developed acres to the historical crossroads of the community affords the property owners and the Community and opportunity to create a development complex which fulfills a number of community objectives. The accompanying master plan for the 50 acre Town Center property (Figure 2G) will help implement the objectives outlined below: Community Identity Town Center will contain a diverse mix of office, office serving commercial, entertainment and restaurant activities. The diverse land use mix, coupled with generous plazas and a varied building form, will provide identity for the City's historical commercial district. If determined feasible by future traffic studies, the existing Cali Mill could be replaced by multi -storied buildings with a variety of shapes. The buildings would maintain a landmark structure in the corner which will visually strengthen the role of the Town Center as the symbolic and functional City Center. Provide Housing Opportunities The large size of the property coupled with its proximity to major arterials and its separation from large single-family residential districts, provides an opportunity to construct housing at greater densities. The increased density will provide greater housing opportunity for employees who are attracted to the City's expanding industrial firms. Open Space A master development plan for the 50 acres will result in an • assemblage of open space to provide functional green space and hard plazas which would meet the needs of employees and shoppers and the community in general. (Revision) ER 2-39 LAND USE/COMMUNITY CHARACTER 2-40 • The Land Use Plan • Development Intensity - Traffic and Sewer Constraints The Land Use Intensity for Town Center is constrained pending completion of a study to analyze the capacity of existing sewer lines and traffic capacity of City streets. During the interim, the intensity of the development permitted in Town Center will be guided by the principle that Town Center property owners will be allowed development intensity no greater than that allowed other individuals owning property served by Stevens Creek Boulevard and North De Anza Boulevard. Although land use intensity is restrict land use and design policies embodied in the accompanying diagram describe how development intensity increases can be accommodated pending a solution to traffic and sewer problems. Land Use Type and Intensity by Property Ownership Figure 2-E identifies land use type and intensity by property ownership. The building intensities for each property owner de- picted in Figure 2-E reflects an allocation system for permitted development intensity on the entire fifty acre site. Property owners may agree to reallocate development intensity and land use type commensurate with the design guidelines established on Figure 2-G. FIGURE 2-E Town Center Development Intensity By Major Ownership SITE A • ?4.11 GL.Y.E • � SITE B )R9 , -v 0Fr1ce 58 V"AaL t4& U 14.15 ♦• 42,GL0'�lF'r'La • • # • SITE C 4f.occd OFYI ex, • �1 ■ 42-;vjvuN6 •uNtri L�� • NOTE: Related commercial or additional residential is permitted in lieu of office provided vehicle trips do not exceed 16 per acre. Note: See trip accounting on Page 2-44 Figure 2-G LAND USE/COMMUNITY CHARACTER 2-41 • Conditional Phase of Development Activity - Cali Property • Figure 2-F identifies the area that could receive a greater inten- sity of development should the General Plan be modified to accom- modate higher levels of,development in the Town Center and other areas within the community. The identification of a sub area that can accommodate additional growth potential is important because it will ensure that design controls embodied in the current plan can accommodate a transition to a more intense land form should the community make that decision at a later date. FIGURE 2-F Urban Design Policies CONDITIONAL PHASE INTENSITY MAY BE INCREASE[ SUBJECT TO A FUTURE GENERAL PLAN AMENDMENT. INITIAL PHASE AT LOWER INTEN- SITY Figure 2-G is an urban design policy plan which identifies the general location of building areas, vehicular access points, and public open space. The design policy plan is applicable to build- ing intensities identified on Figure 2-E and higher building intensities should a future General Plan Amendment allow greater intensity. As a practical matter, the likelihood for the develop- ment of public amenities such as the public plaza and open space S is greatly enhanced as development intensity increases. Other community benefits such as placement of vehicular parking in • N Q 0 I A STEVENS CREEK a b a a 0 .: f% b o RODRIGUES i PUBLIC PLAZA O U 0 0 PEDESTRIAN CONNECTOR (0 OPEN SPACE Wm GENERAL BUILDING AREAS Irz MAJOR VEHICULAR ACCESS MINOR VEHICULAR ACCESS Page 2-42 DESIGN POLICIES 1. The building area boundaries delineated on the diagram are general. Refer to Figure 2E and 2F for land use intensity criteria. 2. Building heights shall be limited to approximately 45 ft. (2-3 stories). 3.1 The major elements of the open space system for the Town Center Planning Area consists of a public plaza within the intersection which is linked by pedestrian connector to a passive and active open space system near the center of the Planning Area. The open space system is intended to provide passive space for shoppers and employees utilizing the facility and for future residents of the Town Center Planning Area. The central open space area will provide adequate space to satisfy the above needs. 4. The major and minor vehicular access points are not precisely fixed. The `objective of the circulation system is to direct traffic generated within the Planning Area to Stevens Creek Boulevard. Utilization of Torre Avenue is intended to avoid congestion points at the inter- section Stevens Creek Boulevard and DeAnza Boulevard and to limit the potential for develooment traffic to enter the adjoining residential communities. Figura 26 REV 1-23-82 LAND USE/COMMUNITY CHARACTER 2-43 • partially depressed structures and the construction of facilities to more directly integrate mass transit into the development are also dependent upon higher building intensities than those depicted on Figure 2-E. Open Space The open space network proposed by the development ranges from the installation of a plaza for passive activities near the Crossroads intersection to the construction of passive and active spaces near the center of the planning area. The central open space area is intended for passive activity related to sunning, people watching, informal eating in conjuction with the adjoining restaurants and on occasion, community activities such as art exhibits sponsored by a community group or tenants within the complex. Active open space facilities will be designed to accommodate informal group play acti- vities for members of the community as a whole and residents living within the Town Center planning area. The Town Center residents living east of Torre Avenue will be able to gain access to the open space area through clearly defined ped- estrian corridors. The residential complexes would be self-con- tained in terms of providing active recreation activities. Accord- ingly, the residential developers would be given 50% credit for oper space requirements. In lieu fees for the remaining 50% requirement • will be collected and used for eventual purchase of park space as provided by the parks element of the General Plan. Transportation Planning The building intensities permitted on Figure 2-E do not require a major widening and improvement program for the intersection of De Anza Boulevard and Stevens Creek Boulevard. The improvements, woul< however, require widening improvements of De Anza Boulevard to con- form with the existing street configuration on the portion of the roadway located north of Stevens Creek Boulevard. The expansion of Torre Avenue from Rodrigues Avenue to Stevens Creek Boulevard will be installed in conjunction with the development of properties located east of Torre Avenue. The exact sequencing of street improvements will be determined in conjunction with development applications. A traffic signal at the intersection of Torre Avenue and Stevens Creek Boulevard will be in stalled. The intersection design would provide for traffic control to prohibit the movement of traffic from Vista Drive across Stevens Creek Boulevard to Lazaneo Drive. The Stevens Creek and De Anza Boulevard frontage will be designed t accommodate bus turn -outs, and a pedestrian circulation scheme will be developed to facilitate the movement of transit patrons. The design plan depicted by Figure 2-G denotes major access points into • the property from De Anza Boulevard, Stevens Creek Boulevard and the minor internal streets. LAND USE/COMMUNITY CHARACTER 2-44 SThe planning policy plan will permit property owners to develop independently. The review process for individual developments will address reciprocal access and parking agreements and street and signalization improvement obligations of individual developers based upon an equitable benefit formula. FIGURE 2-G TOWN CENTER TRIP ACCOUNTING BY MAJOR OWNERSHIP CONDITIONAL PHASE SITE A CALI FAMILY 418 TRIPS TRIP CREDIT 26.11 ACRES X 16/ACRE 418 TRIP GENERATION USE .SQ..FT. FACTOR TRIPS OFFICE 339,000 1/1000 - 339 RESIDENTIAL 158 D.U. .5/D.U. - 79 TOTAL - 418 • INITIAL PHASE SITE B MAY INVESTMENT (TOWN CENTER PROPERTIES) 226 TRIPS TRIP CREDIT 14.11 ACRES X 16/ACRE - 226 TRIP GENERATION USE SQ. FT. FACTOR TRIPS OFFICE 42,000 1/1000 - 42 RESIDENTIAL 366 D.U. .5/D.U. - 183 TOTAL - 225 SITE C LINCOLN PROPERTIES 112 TRIPS TRIP CREDIT 7.0 ACRES X 16/ACRE - 112 TRIP GENERATION USE Sq. FT. FACTOR TRIPS OFFICE 91,000 1/1000 - 91 RESIDENTIAL 42 D.U. .5/D.U. - 21 TOTAL - 112 TOTAL 47.26 ACRES X 16 756 E • RESOLUTION NO. 6136 A RESOLUTION OF THE CITY COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF CUPERTINO ADOPTING AN AMENDMENT TO THE GENERAL PLAN CONCERNING LAND USE, HOUSING, CIRCULATION, FISCAL IMPACTS, PARKS AND COMMUNITY SERVICES WHEREAS, the City Council as a part of the coaor=hansive General Plan study, has reviewed the recommendations of the Planning Commission and has held public hearings involving many citizens and hours of discussion, and WHEREAS, the City Council has concluded its deliberation relative to the General Plan Amendment. NOW, THEREFORE, BE IT RESOLVED: 1. That the City Council hereby adopts an amendment to the General Plan as set forth in Exhibit A attached hereto • and made a part hereof. 2. That the City Council hereby authorizes the Mayor to endorse said adoption. PASSED AND ADOPTED at a regular meeting of the City Council of the City of Cupertino this , day of , 1983, by the following vote: Vote Mgmbers of the City Co nuycily AYES: Council Members Johnson, Plungy, Rogers, Sparks and Mayor Gatto NOES: None ABSENT: None ABSTAIN: None f :3110 AZ /s/ John Gatto _ ATTEST: MAYOR, CITY OF CUPERTINO • /s/ Dorothy Cornelius CITY CLERK • E • GP -AMENDMENT 1 -GPA -60 RESOLUTION NO. 2409 A RESOLUTION OF THE PLANNING COMMISSION OF THE CITY OF CUPERTINO APPROVING AN AMENDMENT TO THE COMPREHENSIVE GENERAL PLAN WHEREAS, the Planning Commission has held public hearings involving written reports and testimony from Planning staff and citizens in general, and WHEREAS, the Planning Commission has concluded its deliberations relative to the General Plan Amendment. NOW, THEREFORE, BE IT RESOLVED: 1. That the Planning Commission approves the Amendment to the City of Cupertino General Plan as set forth in Exhibit A attached hereto and made a part thereof. 2. The Planning Commission hereby authorizes the Chairman of the Planning Commission to endorse said amendment. PASSED AND ADOPTED at a regular meeting of the Planning Commission of the City of Cupertino this 22nd day of June, 1983 by the following vote: AYES: Commissioners Blaine, NAYS: None ABSTAIN: None ABSENT: None ATTEST: 1s1 James H. Sisk James H. Sisk Planning Director Claudy, Koenitzer, Chairman Adams APPROVED: /s/ Victor.J. Adams _ Victor J. Adams, Chairman Planning Commission GP -AMENDMENT CITY OF CUPERTINO • GENERAL PLAN AMENDMENT 1 -GPA -80 General Plan Amendment 1 -GPA -80 is a comprehensive General Plan Amendment involving all nine mandated General Plan Elements. The main focus cf the amendment involves land use and circulation changes. The land use change incorporates an increased building intensity for the Town Cznter and Vallco Park Planning Areas. The circulation change increases the traffic carrying capacity of major arterials and imposes constraints to shift commute traffic off residential streets. The General Plan policies and map diagrams contained within this document are additions to and amendment of existing General Plan policy. If there is a conflict between the policies contained within this Amendment and the existing General Plan, the new policies shall take precedence. The rationale for the policies and their environmental implications are described in the Phase One and Phase Two General Plan Background/Draft Environmental Impact Reports. In many instances, the policies represent mitigation measures for problems • identified in the Draft Environmental Impact Report. Amendments to the LLAnd Use/Community Character Element n U The Land Use Plan projects a final build -out figure of approximately 12,8300000+ sq. ft. of industrial, office and commercial space. The 12.8 million square foot figure is termed "approximate" because the final build -out value will vary depending upon the ultimate land use mix in mixed use areas. In addition to the 12.8 million square feet, the Plan accommodates a major hotel within Vallco Park, the potential for a smaller scale hotel within Town Center and the potential for an educationally related. "high-tech" conference and office facility on the De Anza College campus. The Land Use Plan is based upon a number of objectives, three of which are: 1. To control development intensity commensurate with a Traffic Circulation Plan which shifts existing and future commuter traffic from Stelling Road and McClellan Road to Stevens Creek Boulevard and De Anza Boulevard. 1 GP -AMENDMENT 2. To balance the need to control development commensurate with traffic circulation with the need to provide a stable revenue source by expanding the Regional Shopping Center and allowing hotel development and limited office development. 3. To retain a suburban character of development by limiting multi -story structures above four floors to Town Center and Vallco Park Planning Areas. The Land Use/Community Character section of the Amendment ictenti4ies policies (mitigation measures) designed to ensure that the broad objectives outlined above are achieved. Figure 1, labeled, "The Community Form and Appearance Diagram", defines the desired land use pattern for the community both in terms of its physical appearance and dominant activities. Figure 2, labeled, "Design Guidelines for Stevens Creak Boulevard", illustrates design policy for the Stevens Creek Boulevard streetscape. Figure 3, labeled, "Land Use Plan" identifies permitted land use types and intensities of various sub -areas in central Cupertino, more commonly referred to as the "Core Area". Although, the General Plan Amendment concentrated on the Core Area, the geographical scope of the Land Use Plan includes the entire Urban Service Area. The land use classifications for properties located outside of the Core Are are not changed. However, rules regarding the intensity of development for non Core Area properties has • changed. The Physical Fore Diagram (Figure 1), the Design Guidelines for Stevens Creek Boulevard (Figure 2) and the Land Use Plan Diagram (Figure 3) are complemented by the following written policies: Policy 1 - The Community Form and Activity Centers Diagram, labeled Figure 1, is an urban design overlay for the General Plan Use Document. The urban design concepts embodied in Figure 1, are refined in subsequent design policies enumerated in this General Plan Amendment. Policy 2 - Building heights are guided by the following -�tandards: a. Building heights in the Town Center Planning Area shall not exceed eight (8) stories. b. AAs a general rule,_ building heights in the Vallco Park Planning Area should not exceed eight (8) stories with the exception of the hotel '►vhich f`funspecified. Thi final" approved heights 1of buildings in Vallco Park, including the hotel, will be determined in conjunction with subsequent development applications. • C. Building heights on the North DeAnza Boulevard shall not exceed four stories. 04 LAND USEE DIAGRAM F q I I V tiILES! DV,IO �t ...•...� �•r� t o VILLA 5Ee5..PTS - , .. '—' a - s' .,.�� S VI I; • -_ = NORTH DE ANZA BLVD. ". DE ..I• I 1[Y �s 1I a..0 l — .. •.. G. Tllil �TZ - ILA, 1 � ,wiiw �1 ,..I [r^,r i•' silly p _ IIL�I i I /{ fCnOel MFT1L _+ Y Y"c 11. 1J1 � F.•.•• CROSSROADS _ I E'S'DD` COMMERCIAL `I°•°• - DISTRICT i . �- ~ (COMMERCIAL D• i� EMPHASIS) '"- irn I. I j I I �� ' 7� �-- n . v �I •x i -. �.v. r 'L iL����L���� .rti � C . - _ r e.v r fr.�.i'r Y.r; .vA/ S<A'/�/+SLY / ...>r • , t . i Swi, i n^ ,u FA P.A S:MOOL rLr, Do 00 �oU GOOD 00 I j J ` I � TOWN' CENTER i ala PE ' . n Vim• SPECIAL PLANNING AREA CRE 1U TEXT FOR LAND USE POLICIES) h.l.•. L VALLCO PARK VALLCO PARK HOTEL ;. /g4 y •. STEVENS CREEK MID BLOCK CORRIDOR (OFFICE El iIIPHASI5) LAND USE CATEGORIES m RESIDENTIAL — MEDIUM HIGH (10-20 c L/ad ® INDUSTRIAL ® OFFICE/INDUSTRIAL/COMMERCIAL ® COMMERCIAL COMMERCIAL/ OFFICE PUBLIC/QUASI-PUBLIC a 5_ FIGURE 3 GP -AMENDMENT d. Building heights in the South • Saratoga -Sunnyvale Road/De Anza Boulevard commercial corridor, the Crossroads Commercial District and the Stevens Creek Office corridor east of De Anza Boulevard are limited to one or two stories. Some elements of buildings may equal three stories in height, if a finding can be made that additional stories add diversity and interest to the structure and. do not adversely impact surrounding land uses, particularly residential districts. e. Building heights on the properties located outside of the Core Area are regulated by the City's zoning ordinances, special area plans and planned unit developments. Policy 3 - Subject to the exceptions listed below, the land use intensity policies for the Town Center Planning Area remains unchanged. a. The 26+ acre Cali family landholding is permitted 300,000 sq. ft. of additional, commercial and office space plus a maximum 2401 room hotel complex. The hotel is a permittedh land use subject to an economic analysis which • demonstrates that the Town Center hotel will not have an adverse effect upon thea construction of the Vallco Park hotel complex. b. Town Center developers are encouraged to submit development proposals which incorporate, to the greatest extent possible, the maximum number of dwelling units designated on Figure 2-E. C. The maximum 45,000 sq. ft. of non-residential space designated for Site B shall be service oriented professional office and/or community or local retailing activities. Policy 4 - The major arterials in the community not only move traffic but play a major role in determining the physical appearance of the community. The design of improvements on these scenic highways (travel corridors) are guided by the design standards listed below. Figure 3 identifies streetscape design guidelines for properties which front Stevens Creek Boulevard. a. The three corridors leading to the center of town should reflect an informal "park -like" appearance through broad landscaped parkways (50 ft.) landscaped medians, and abundant on-site landscaping. P • • GP -AMENDMENT b. Ingress/egress to individual properties shall be limited to avoid disrupting landscaping continuity and traffic flow. C. On-site coordination of driveways/parking aisles shall be provided to permit access to secondary streets and traffic signals and to minimize disruption of traffic flow. d. To the greatest extent possible, off-street parking shall be hidden from public view. The required number of off-street parking spaces for multi -story commercial, office and industrial projects in the Core Area will be determined in conjunction with specific development proposals. Policy 5 - Design Harmony. In general, abrupt changes in building scale should be avoided. As shown below, a more gradual transition between the prevailing one and two story development and low to mid -rise structures should be achieved by introducing three and four story buildings at the perimeter of the project site. ilWyMs Jr_4KHI6N 9"GON LOW %16MMiS .ANC MID- AND W14H 175x. *MbCrrUttL3 The following guidelines will ensure a harmonious transition between residential and non-residential development. The policies are not intended to regulate design between residential and non-residential activities located wi_tUn a Planned Unit Development zoning boundary or a special Planned Development planning area such as Town Center, Vallco Park or North De Anza Boulevard. a. Maintain a setback and height relationship equivalent to the prevailing street front setback relationships within the adjoining residential area. b. Provide a five to six foot buffer wall or screen along the common property line and supplement with continuous planting of trees which will provide a 20 to 30 ft. high visual screen. Where the trees are planted along the south edge of a residential property, maintain a setback sufficient to prevent shading of the residence's backyard. 7 GP -AMENDMENT • C. Provide for visual privacy by limiting portions of the structures in excess of 30 ft. height to areas of approximately 100 ft. from the rear property line, orienting the narrow face of the structure toward the residential properties and/or eliminating facing windows or providing screens or louvers which prevent direct visual contact. Site specific guidelines should be incorporated into a specific plan for these areas. f'*WWO Y 1.198-i S Imp 4w4f 7*TAHL9 AITRo7c. i6o'-� -.. Policy 6 - The Land Use Plan diagram, labeled Figure 3, identifies the permitted land use types and intensities for sub -areas within the community. • The Land Use Plan is augmented by the following policies. a. Land Use Intensity 1) The land use intensity for the North De Anza Boulevard Planning Area and Stevens Creek Boulevard corridor (area east of De Anza Boulevard) is regulated by the 16 one-way trip end performance standards. The maximum number of trips allocated to a specific undeveloped or redevelopable property is 16 trips/acre regardless of previous land uses or trip generation factors. Trips may be transferred between owners of North De Anza Boulevard property and Stevens Creek Boulevard properties. The 16 trip end limitation shall not apply to retail shopping centers which were built and occupied prior to the adoption of the "Core Area Plan" on December 19, 1973. The building area of said shopping centers may be expanded to a Floor Area Ratio of .25 for commercial uses and .37 for office uses. The tenant mix of said centers is • unregulated except for activities normally regulated by a use permit. 8 GP -AMENDMENT 2) The land use intensity of the Vallco Park • Planning Area is regulated by a Floor Area Ratio. The ratio for commercial use is .25; .37 for office; and .33 'for industrial. The "Lester" property located within the northeast quadrant of Stevens Creek Boulevard and Tantau Avenue and the "former hotel" site located in the southeast quadrant of Pruneridge Avenue and Wolfe Road have zero development credits because development intensity was transferred to the Tandem site north of Vallco Parkway and Grosvenor site located south of Pruneridge Avenue. The Vallco Park Construction Phasing Memorandum, which regulates land use intensity in Vallco Park, is rescinded. In addition to the building space allocated by the Floor Area Ratios, Vallco Park is allocated 300,000 sq. ft. of additional commercial space and 450,000 sq. ft. of additional office and industrial space. The space may be allocated to the area of Vallco Park located east of Wolfe Road, south of Pruneridge Avenue and west of the • eastern City limit and north of Stevens Creek Boulevard. Vallco Park, Ltd. is encouraged to seek agreement from non Vallco Park owners within the above-mentioned sub -area regarding the allocation of the additional 750,000 sq. ft. The additional square footage can be allocated to the aforementioned "Lester" and "former hotel" sites. A hotel complex, limited to a maximum of 1,000 rooms, may be located in the Vallco Park Planning Area located south of 280 Freeway and north of Stevens Creek Boulevard. The hotel development is in addition to the building square footages listed above. The hotel will include banquet space, conference rooms, and ancillary commercial activities common to a hotel complex. Ancillary commercial activities include restaurants, gift shops, personal services, flower shops, book stores and similar uses commonly located in and supporting a hotel facility. The City shall approve the maximum floor area of ancillary commercial space in conjunction • with a future development application. The City's decision on the amount of ancillary commercial space will be based upon the degree to which the space supports the hotel function. V- GP -AMENDMENT The land use inten=sity for the Town Center • Planning Area remains unchanged from the present General Flan policy with the exception that the 26- acre Cali family landholding is permitted 3(?i!,000 sq. ft. of additional commercial and office space plus a maximum 240 room hotel complex. The hotel is considered a permitted land use subject to an analysis which demonstrates that the Town Center hotel will not have an adverse effect upon the construction of the Vallco Park hotel complex. 4) The land use intensity for the Crossroads Commercial District is regulated by a Floor Area Ratio as follows: Commercial - .25 Office - .37 5) The land use intensity for the balance of the community outside of the Core Area is regulated by the following Floor Area Ratio: <, Commercial - .25 Office - .33 Industrial - .Z3 • 6) Housing may be considered in conjunction with non-residential developments. Such housing may be permitted in addition to the Floor Area Ratio established for non-residential uses in the Land Use/Community Character section of the Plan. 7) .In order to facilitate redevelopment in areas characterized as sub -standard, the Floor Area Ratio (FAR) for small developed or undeveloped properties may be increased. The maximum increase in intensity shall not exceed a .40 FAR and shall not exceed 1,000 sq. ft. above the building space normally allowed by the FAR designation assigned to the property. (EDITING APPROVED BY CITY COUNCIL - 2/6/84). b. Land Use Classification In general, the land use "emphasis" for developing properties located on Stevens Creek Boulevard west of De Anza Boulevard is • commercial. The land use emphasis for properties located east of De Anza Boulevard is office. "Commercial land use" refers to all permitted commercial uses and all uses permitted subject to a use permit that are referenced in the City's Commercial IA GP -AMENDMENT Zoning Ordinance. The term "office land use" • refers to all office uses referenced in the City's Administrative and Professional Office Zone including administrative professional and research and development activities. Prototype research and development is permissible if conducted in consort with office functions of a business establishment. Prototype research and development is da -fined as follows: Prototype R & D refers to research and development activities which lead to the development of a new product or a new manufacturing and assembly process. Products which are developed, manufactured and/or assembled as a part of a prototype facility are not intended to be mass produced for sale. Guidelines for Prototype Research and _l------ Develoomen t Control of hazardous material materials: The type, use and storage of hazardous materials for prototype research and • development or assembly is regulated by the Uniform Building Code, the Uniform Fire Code and any new ordinance or other regulation which controls hazardous materials. Control of physical appearance: There shall be no outward appearance that a prototype research and development or assembly process is in place. There will be no exterior storage, and receiving facilities shall be limited in scale. Generally, no more than 25% of the total space occupied by the firm will be devoted to a prototype research and development or assembly activity. C. Land Use Activities 1) Late evening entertainment activities, such as cocktail lounges, recreational facilities, and theaters, are generally discouraged on the relatively narrow depth of Stevens Creek Boulevard properties, Said activities will be encouraged to locate in Town Center, Vallco Park and • other large properties that are isolated from residential districts and can provide their own security. 164 GP -AMENDMENT Z) Land uses not traditionally considered part • of a community educational institution such as lodging facilities, conference facilities and institutional office/research facilities may be considered as a permitted use on the De Anza College campus. Final determination, as to the intensity, character and ultimate desirability, will be evaluated relative to traffic impacts on the community and consistency with the educational nature of the De Anza College campus. Amendment to the Housing_jFlement The entire Housing Element is amended and is replaced by the attached Housing Element document. The Housing Element was redrafted in its entirety because the Government Code content requirements for the Housing Element are more specific than other elements. The Amendment does not contain significant changes. The needs analysis was changed to reflect current information, a new jobs/housing analysis was prepared, and the Below Market Rate Housing Program was amended to provide greater flexibility. Amendment to the Circulation Element The amended Circulation Element significantly alters the primary • street network in terms of the functional definition of streets and the emphasis placed on future improvements. The Amendment continues to advocate the retention of the e5 Corridor in cooperation with other regional efforts. If regional efforts fail, the City will pursue efforts to construct a facility in the Corridor. The Amendment incorporates policy which shifts traffic from residential streets, particularly from Stelling Road south of Stevens Creek Boulevard and McClellan Road, to major arterials. The Circulation Plan contains policy advocating the implementation of a program which taxes all new developers on an equal basis based upon traffic generating characteristics in order to complete the road system. This new policy replaces the existing practice of requiring off-site traffic improvements on a case-by-case basis for particular developments which had the potential for creating inequities, particularly for those projects in close proximity to a major transportation improvement project. The Plan adopts a level of service indicator D in lieu of B/C for the arterial and major collector street systema The change was made in accordance with a finding that it is not technically or financially feasible to maintain a B or C level of service on major intersections during the peak hour. A traffic monitoring system will be used to ensure that land use decisions are made commensurate with the building of a transportation system to meet the twin objectives`of • maintaining level of service D on, major systems and eliminating through traffic on minor collectors as identified on Figure 4. 12 GP -AMENDMENT The General Plan incorporates a Road Improvement Implementation 16 Program which taxes all new developers on an equal basis to ensure completion of the road system. The Road Tax Plan is described in greater detail in the Implementation Section of this document. Transportation Policies Policy 7 - The Circulation Plan, labeled, Figure 4 and Table 1 entitled, "Street Hierarchy" identifies the City's primary street.system and defines the function of each street category. Policy 8 - A Citywide Transportation Improvement Plan shall be implemented to accommodate peak hour traffic flows on arterials and major collectors at a minimum level of service D. If feasible, the Improvement plan should maintain existing levels of service which are higher than D. The percent or absolute number of through trips on arterial and major collector streets is not regulated. Policy 9 - The City advocates the complete protection and construction of the e3 Corridor right of way and to participate in a regional effort to determine the most mutually agreeable and appropriate transportation facility to be • placed within the Corridor. If a regional effort is not successful, the City shall independently pursue the construction of a transportation facility within the City's segment of the full right of way which in its sole judgement deems to be appropriate in terms of utilizing whatever resources might be available. Policy 10 - Traffic Management Plans (TMP's) shall be developed for neighborhoods affected by "unacceptable" levels of through traffic. The Traffic Management Plans shall be designed based upon the concept that commute or through traffic should be redirected from minor collectors and local residential streets to the freeway, expressway and arterial and major collector street system. Policy 11 - The Street Construction Plan shall be developed which ensures that critical street improvements are finished prior to or in conjunction with major developments. The Street Construction Plan should be based upon the principle of equity in terms of ensuring that land • developers participate in street improvements 13 a (MARY CIRCULATION PLAN • 14 FIGURE 4 GP -AMENDMENT on a basis corresponding to traffic generation for various classifications of land • developments. All projects with conditions of approval requiring traffic improvements, including those requiring consistency with the Construction Phasing Memo for Vallco Park, Revised dated July 15, 1974 as prepared by the Director of Public Works are required to apply for an amendment to said condition. Policy 12 - The City should consider the feasibility of creating a jitney service linking a proposed bus transfer station in Vallco Park with Town Center and North De Anza Boulevard. The City should also re -assess the feasibility of requiring van pooling or other car pooling efforts. Policy 13 - Bollinger Road will not be extended from De Anza Boulevard to Stelling Road. The City Council may consider an indirect, circuitous road system which provides neighborhood road access from Stelling Road into the Bollinger Road neighborhood. This objective would also allow access to Jollyman Park and Community Center. Amendments to the Fiscal Impact_. Community Services and I_mglementation Elements The City's policies regarding the fiscal impact of development, the provision of community services, and the approaches that the community utilizes to implement its General Plan have changed to reflect new land use and circulation plans. The General Plan land use and circulation policies balance the need for providing revenues to fund important community services such as parks, the community center and other amenities with the corresponding need to control the growth of traffic. The policies enumerated below are intended to achieve those objectives. Policy 14 - The City should ensure that adequate manning levels and firefighting equipment is in place in conjunction with approval of a building which exceeds five stories or 60 ft. The City shall define the adequacy of fire protection following consultation with the Central Fire District. The City and Central Fire District shall develop a means to finance extraordinary costs associated with high-rise fire protection. The financial program shall be guided by the principle that extraordinary • costs should be borne by high-rise developers. The financial formula should consider extraordinary revenue generated by high-rise (versus the same square footage for low-rise) and the additional level of service that extra manpower provides to the entire community. GP -AMENDMENT • Policy 15 - Future development should be designed and equipped to assist the City's police force. a. The Plan should provide built-in communications equipment, such as repeater sites so that the police units can function in and out of their vehicles, as well as in and out of buildings. b. Developers should be required to establish private security forces and devices to protect facilities during construction and operation. C. Development plans should consider physical facilities, such as office space, for use by officers on the scene to prepare reports, interview of witnesses, victims or suspects and other administrative tasks. d. Future development should have built-in surveillance equipment for underground or concealed areas, such as hallways and storage areas. e. Future planning should provide adequate planning for emergency access by emergency vehicles. • Policy 16 - The City and the Cupertino Sanitary District should develop a closer relationship relative to the development review process to ensure that waste water generation is kept within prescribed limits. The City should forward Business License applications to the District to enable it to monitor changes in tenancy (possible changes in flow rates) within existing buildings. Policy 17 - The City should support a Solid waste Management System which would include, where economically feasible, local recycling efforts and the development of resource recovery facilities to convert solid wastes to usable energy. Policy 18 - The City's park acquisition is defined by Figure 5. The Acquisition Program is based upon four broad acquisition objectives. 1. Complete the Neighborhood Parks Acquisition Program. 2. Maintain an adequate inventory of sports • fields. S. Purchase a site for community center. 17 GP -AMENDMENT 4. Retain creek site and other natural open space 19 areas identified in the Open Space section of the General Plan. The plan is a policy document which will be used annually to assist in the preparation of the updated Capital Improvements Program. The plan is subject to revision depending upon the availability of funds and subsequent actions of the Cupertino Union School District regarding the disposition of surplus school sites. Policy 19 - The City shall continue to monitor development activity and fiscal impacts and the rate of development to avoid short-term, over -saturation of the market. Policy 20 - A land use activity or building which is consistent with the General Plan or zoning as of July 18, 1983, and development applications which were approved prior to July 18, 1983 (date of adoption of General Plan Amendment 1 -GPA -80) will remain valid even though the activity, building, or application is inconsistent with the current General Plan. The City's Procedural Ordinance defines the terms by which various types of applications remain valid. Policy 21 - Land Use/Community Character Policy 2-18 and Environmental Resources Policy 5-5 are amended as follows: Pglicv 2-18: The City of Cupertino will permit new drive -up service facilities for commercial, institutional or industrial use only when adequate circulation, parking, noise control, architecture and landscaping compatible with the visual character of surrounding uses, and adequate buffering of residential areas are provided. Any proposed site shall be further evaluated for conformance with other goals and policies of the General Plan. Policy 5-5: Drive -up window facilities for financial institutions, convenience restaurants, photo finishing businesses and similar establishments shall be permitted only in accordance with Policy 2-18 of the Land Use/Community Character section. 18 a PARK ACQUISITION PLAN F.1 rTeY P-4 ° x U .301 E2 •� bTCCK LMCIR SIM S 1.4 AC. ❑rr.aer. MYe A-2 H-1 JOLLYMAN wna4.w eo. 11.5 AC. 7 8 P1 - M HOOVER 4, L-1 L•2 ra...0 Lwta� oiitu / M M J -I i - T2_ff r LEGEND - 3.2 AC. K SE 116 4(AC. P -2 ACQUISITION SITES p PUBLIC PARKS II SCHOOL SITES J -LJ -2/E 5170.00 15.s1 ' 30.00 25.50 4.00 1400.00 29. 50 S.ilai L-Vtr2 5567.00 16.10 13.10 15.10 0.00 0.00 15.10 2.81 N 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Sub total 16215.00 46.65 76.40 98.80 7.30 2320.00 66.00 4.07 7=L- 44s71.00 lA.7l 227.10-- 197.E - 31.36 8902.25 228.46 4.91 r]. act available for acquisition in naighbor- 5. Park land in neighborhood 0 ail1 not -be acquired G. became of clow pmzWty to other parka. d will be provided privately in asighbor- 6. 4.66 acres vill be acquired an Hoover site. .7. 5.2 acres of Vilsen turf vlll be acquired to retain m of natural open space will be acquired youth fields.tockelmir 1.0 Slam) adjacent to Stevens 8. 4 *crag of the Sedgwick sit@ vill be purchased u par existing open space plan. for youth fields and sefghbomood park apace. 11.5 acro to provide sports fields andity cmter site. -� FIGURE 5 FUIM 1902 1990 PF0906m awr Q TOM rtnmz MIA FOP. MOM SUPPLY SUPPLY P M21M P ROAN 1NVER. MRO Faera) (aers) (acts) (cerea) (91000 P) fd s) (W/1000) A -ME -1 2617.00 7.05 11.60 11.60 0.00 0.00 11.60 4.41 F -1/I-2 6206.00 10.06 40.60 40.60 0.00 0.00 40.60 6.46 G 715.00 2.15 1.00 1.00 0.00 0.00 1.00 1.461) N 1100.00 3.54 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 O.O(X2) Sub total 10790.00 32.19 55.20 51.20 0.00 0.00 51.20 4.91 A-2/e/C 6949.00 20.85 66.30 66.10 0.00 0.00 66.70 9.54 F-2 4271.00 12.01 6.20 6.20 7.90 691.23 14.10 1.301) N -1/V-2 1795.00 11.39 17.10 9.30 11.40 3990.00 20.60 5.414) 0 1642.00 4.91 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.001) P-1 1160.00 3.50 3.40 1.40 0.00 0.00 1.40 2.91 P-2 1771.00 5.20 6.50 0.00 4.86 1701.00 4.86 2.806) Sub -total 19558.00 58.67 99.50 85.10 24.16 6382.23 109.26 5.59 J -LJ -2/E 5170.00 15.s1 ' 30.00 25.50 4.00 1400.00 29. 50 S.ilai L-Vtr2 5567.00 16.10 13.10 15.10 0.00 0.00 15.10 2.81 N 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Sub total 16215.00 46.65 76.40 98.80 7.30 2320.00 66.00 4.07 7=L- 44s71.00 lA.7l 227.10-- 197.E - 31.36 8902.25 228.46 4.91 r]. act available for acquisition in naighbor- 5. Park land in neighborhood 0 ail1 not -be acquired G. became of clow pmzWty to other parka. d will be provided privately in asighbor- 6. 4.66 acres vill be acquired an Hoover site. .7. 5.2 acres of Vilsen turf vlll be acquired to retain m of natural open space will be acquired youth fields.tockelmir 1.0 Slam) adjacent to Stevens 8. 4 *crag of the Sedgwick sit@ vill be purchased u par existing open space plan. for youth fields and sefghbomood park apace. 11.5 acro to provide sports fields andity cmter site. -� FIGURE 5 GENERAL PLAN MAP i .. RESOLUTION NO. 6057 A RESOLUTION OF THE CITY COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF CUPERTINO AMENDING THE TRAFFIC INTENSITY PERFORMANCE STANDARDS POLICY MANUAL ADOPTED IN JULY 1977 WHEREAS, the City Council has determined that transfer of traffic intensities (TRIPS) between the Stevens Creek Boulevard area and the North De Anza Boulevard area, as defined in the Policy Manual, is consistent with the overall traffic policies for the community; NOW, THEREFORE, BE IT RESOLVED: That the City Council of the City of Cupertino has determined that this Policy Manual shall be amended in the following manner: . Section III(B): Buying, Selling and Transferring Trips shall be amended by eliminating the sentences as set forth on the attachment labeled Exhibit A. PASSED AND ADOPTED at a regular meeting of the City Council of the City of Cupertino this 15th day of Marrh , 1983, by the following vote: Vote Members of the City Council AYES: Johnson, Plungy, Rogers, Gatto NOES: Sparks ABSENT: None ABSTAIN: None ATTEST: APPROVED: /s/ Dorothy Cornelius City Clerk /s/ John Catto Mayor, City of Cupertino. • • Iv L d. Buying, Selling and Transferrin¢ Trios �'b M Harr In the event the development does not utilize a full 16 trips per acre allotted by the Traffic Intensity Performance Standard, the owner of record shall have the ability to either retain, sell or crausfer trips with ocher property owners within the North De Anza Boulevard and Stevens Creek Boulevard study area, subject to approval by the Planning Commission and .City Council. Trips �a�.t_be_ti�-_ f __. �lbnriide �E-rhe-erer o€ Tka s-ds-�-'P{-0fl�FeY-ewweca-ar-e-�o-e-pe ��{teei-t�-egass€ar-tom-ids-€Fem-�{��rot�e# A11 sales, transfers of trips shall be filed with the Planning Director and City Clerk. No sale or transfer shall be finally consummated until':a use permit has been approved for the property to which the trips are to be applied. The applicant shall record a covenant to describe the trip end constraint and the total number of trips allocated to the particular develoo- meat at the time of the development approval. The covenant shall be worded in a manner to suggest that the future purchaser of properties consult the City files, conceptual zoning file and individual use permit files to obtain an up-to-date status report of the total number of trips allocated to each particular property. The applicant shall submit documentation from the seller of trips identified above indicating that trips have been transferred to the applicant. The impact of a sale or transfer of trips on all properties involved shall be evaluated proir to approval by the Planning Commission or City 'Council. Transfers which significantly reduce the future viability or options for future uses will not be approved. `fanitorinz Activities The City shall reserve the right to review compliance with the Traffic Intensity Performance Standard at any time following development of a site or initiation of a new use. Should the City determine that the constraint is exceeded, the City may impose additional measures to ensure compliance. OF 'r E PLA;;:: I;:G C0i1"11SSi0:: OF Ci !'I i:F :: J11 Ei: ATTACHNI.NT A Amendment to the Traffic Intensity Performance Standard /y Policy,Manual - Section IIB, Policy No. 9 • Outdoor seating areas shall be exempted from calculation of trips as: normally required in the Traffic Intensity Performance Standard, provided that said areas are clearly incidental to the primary use of the building as a formal sit-down facility and that said area does not exceed more than 20% of the seating capacity accommodated within the enclosed area of the building. This provision shall not apply to fast-food or other "non -formal sit-down" restaurants as such uses are characterized by higher turn -over rates, higher peak hour demand levels, and due to the common use of disposable, food containers have's greater potential impact upon the surrounding neighbor- hood. Such restaurants shall continue to be evaluated under the provisions of the Traffic Intensity Performance Standard trip calculations through the, use permit review process. GF -AMENDMENT a c. Provide for vi-ual privacy by limiting portions of the structures in excess of 30 ft. height to •areas of approximately 100 ft. from the rear I property line, orienting the narrow face of the structure toward the residential properties and/or eliminating facing windows or providing 1 screens or louvers which prevent direct visual contact. Site sreciFic guidelines should be incorporated into a specific plan for these areas. a •SEs -'ti' LI11fi --i � ins . J1 51a4f 9�srAi+tS �-_ __ . Amuox. ivo'�-" a Policy 6 - The Land Use Plan diagram, labeled Figure 3, identifies the permitted land use types and intensities for sub -areas within the community. The Land Use Plan is augmented by` the following policies. a. Land Use Intensity 1) The land use intensity for the North De Anza Boulevard Planning Area and Stevens Creek Boulevard corridor (area east of De Anza Boulevard) is regulated by the 16 one-way trip end performance standards. The maximum number of trips allocated to a specific undeveloped or redevelopable property is 16 trips/acre regardless of previous land uses or trip generation factors. Trips may be transferred between owners of North De Anza Boulevard property and Stevens Creek Boulevard properties. The 16 trip end limitation shall not apply to retail shopping centers which were built and occupied prior to the adoption of the "Core Area Plan" on December 19, 1973. The building area of said shopping centers may be expanded to a Floor Area Ratio of .25 for commercial uses and .37 for office uses. The tenant mix of said centers is unregulated except for activities normally regulated by a use permit. 9 11 TRAFFIC INTENSITY PERFOPU\WiCE STANDARD • Policy Manual . As adopted by City council on July 18, 1977 E • 0 TABLE OF CONTENTS I. Introduction A. Background B. Geographical Application C. Definitions II. Methodology for Establishing Trip Generation by Use A. Overview and Assumptions used in the Original Traffic Model B. Policies Regarding Application of Trip Generation Rates III. Trip Allocation Policies A. Existing Uses B. Buying, Selling and Transferring Trips IV. Monitoring Activities Figure I - TIPS Area Map Table I - Trip List Table II - Applications Submitted under Trip Constraint Figure II - Trip Map Page 1 2 3 a 10 Sll 11 Trio Policv I. Introduction • A. Background In December of 1973, the City Council adopted the General Plan Land Use Element for the Core Area (Resolution No. 3592). One of the major findings of the Core Area Plan was that the City's street system could not serve the properties adjoining Stevens Creek Boulevard and De Anza Boulevard at the zoned intensity without a resultant breakdown in traffic flow or conversely, the construction of roadway widths over and above four lanes in each direction. The construction of a widened roadway beyond four lanes would be dependent upon cooperation with other jurisdictions and as such was determined to be unfeasible both from an economical' and intergovernmental cooperation point of view. The Core Area Plan incorporated a Traffic Intensity Performance Standard • as a means of limiting the intensity of land use development on De Anza Boulevard and similar guidance to limit lane demand on Stevens Creek Boulevard in order to provide for a reasonable flow of traffic within the constraint of eight travel lanes. The Traffic Intensity Performance Standard (TIPS) provides a means of relating land use intensity to existing and future traffic carrying capacity of Stevens Creek Boulevard and De Anza Boulevard. Utilizing local information and the State of California CAL TRANS computer model, the through traffic in 1990 was estimated at 5.3 lanes. In order to keep the traffic lanes to a maximum of eight which would accommodate both existing and future land uses, a traffic constraint factor was developed to limit the intensity of future land uses. The trip intensity factor is the constraint that limits the land use intensity to a use that will not generate more than 16 one-way • trips per acre at the peak hour. The peak hour is presently defined between -1- 5 to 6 p.m. on weekdays (Monday through Friday). Sixteen one-way trips • per acre at the peak hour will enable the City to maintain eight lanes of traffic on De Anza Boulevard and Stevens Creek Boulevard at BC level of service as defined by the Highway Capacity Manual. The BC level of service means.that traffic flow is characterized by "some congestion", and "congestion" during the peak. The adopted Core Area Plan similarly provides that traffic on Stevens Creek Boulevard should not exceed a demand for eight lanes. Calculations for the area have determined that the 16 one-way trip figure is appropriate to accomplish this objective for the portions of Stevens Creek Boulevard between De Anza Boulevard and Finch Avenue. B. Geographical Application The land areas regulated by the 16 trip end constraint essentially involve properties located on the east and west side of North De Anza • Boulevard between Stevens Creek Boulevard and Highway 280; and on the north and south side of Stevens Creek Boulevard between De-Anza Boule- vard and easterly City limits. The exact properties affected are detailed on Figure I and II. The standard directly affects properties which were undeveloped at the time of the adoption of the Core Area Plan in December of 1973, and properties which were developed as they expand, modify, redevelop, or change uses. The uses which were in existence in 1973 were incorporated into the trip generation figures, however, conversion of these uses must be regulated to ensure that modifications or changes in use do not generate traffic demand beyond the original 1973 uses. Accordingly, existing businesses shall be required to conform with the standard as outlined in the following sections. The following section incorporates definitions which are intended to • clarify the application of the trip constraint to properties in the affected land area. -2- C. Definitions Gross Acreage: In the context of the Traffic Intensity Performance Standard, • gross acreage refers to the entire land area of a particular parcel, minus the existing land area within the De Anza Boulevard right of way. The area within the secondary streets can be credited to the land area computed to determine compliance with the Traffic Intensity Performance Standard along the De Anza Boulevard area only. Those properties along the Stevens Creek Boulevard portion of the Traffic Intensity Performance Standard area shall compute gross acreage based upon the entire land area of the parcel minus the existing and future right of way for Stevens Creek Boulevard. Secondary streets along Stevens Creek Boulevard small not be credited to the land area of the affected parcels. De Anza Boulevard Area: Reference to the De Anza Boulevard portion of the Traffic Intensity Performance Standard area shall include all properties within the North De Anza Boulevard Conceptual Planning Area and all • properties located on the east side of De Anza Boulevard between Stevens ,Creek Boulevard and Highway 280 with the exception of the St. Josephs Catholic Church property. The St. Josephs Catholic Church site shall be considered part of the North De Anza Boulevard trip constraint area and evaluated under the traffic intensity performance standard should the owners request a rezoning to redevelop and/or modify the use to a use other than a combination Church/Private School activity. Level of Service: A qualitative rating of the effectiveness of a highway in servicing traffic, measured in terms of operating conditions. The definition of each level of service as utilized in the context of the Core Plan is as follows: • Q9E • TRAFFIC SERVICE LEVELS Level Technical Definition A Free flow (relatively B Stable flow (slight delay) C Stable flow (tolerable delay) D Approaching unstable flow (unacceptable delay) E Unstable flow (high delay F Forced Flow (Jammed) Short Definition Good, no congestion. Some congestion Congestion High congestion Near breakdown Breakdown Peak Hour Traffic: The highest number of vehicles found to be passing over a section of a lane or a roadway in the peak direction during 60 consecutive minutes. Currently, the peak hour (60 consecutive minutes) is defined as the time period between 5 p.m. and 6 p.m. on weekdays (Monday through Friday). Trio (Trip End): A single vehicle movement with either the origin or destination within the study area. Undeveloped Parcels: Parcels of land within the Traffic Intensity Performance Standard area as denoted on Figures I•and II which were undeveloped at the time of adoption of the 1973 Core Area Plan, or those sites which had an existing commercial, office, industrial, or residential use at the time of the adoption of the 1973 Core Area Plan which is proposed to be modified, expanded, or redeveloped in excess of 25Z of the value of the existing building,facility,shop or site. The value of the existing and proposed building or site improvements shall be established by the Chief Building Inspector. II. Methodology for Establishing Trip Generation by Use A. Overview and Assumptions Used in the Orizinal Traffic Model The original 1973 traffic study utilized the CAL TRANS model for projecting future commute trips through the Cupertino area. The CAL TRANS model was adapted to the two Cupertino commute corridors with several major assumptions regarding the activity of future users of Stevens Creek Boulevard and De Anza -4- Boulevard. The following sections describe the assumptions incorporated for specific land use categories: • Industrial Twenty-five trips per acre as used in the General Plan traffic analysis was established by both use calculations and traffic counts. Industrial use calculations were based on the following data 1. A typical industrial building in Vallco occupied a 33% building to land area ratio. 2. Based on the Zoning Ordinance there is assumed to be one employee per 250 sq. ft. gross floor area. 3. A vehicle occupancy factor of 1.2 was used which reduced the number of industrial outbound trips. to 50 vehicles per gross. acre during the peak hour. With the addition of staggering of work hours, the outbound traffic is reduced by 502 to 25 trips per acre. Further information obtained from the traffic • reduction study indicates that the employees reside approxi- mately 562 to the north and 442 to the south of the Cote Area. For all practical purposes for assignment of traffic, 50 - 50 percent split has been utilized. Therefore, 25 trips per acre for industrial is assumed to be a valid figure on either basis. It is recommended that the 25 trip per acre be based on a assignment -split rather than staggering since staggering of hours is not a controllable element. 4. Twenty trips per acre has been assigned to industrial users in the North De Anza Boulevard area only.due to the future potential for transit. Commercial Commercial generation varies with land use, however, certain assumptions • have been made in order to obtain a one-way traffic count. The assumptions are as follows: -5- L7 T 1. It is assumed that a 50% split occurs for both inbound and out- bound traffic. That is to say that during any one hour a commercial use will experience an equal amount of traffic entering and leaving the site. 2. It was assumed that the market area is such that a 50 - 50 percent split occurs attracting the market from either direction of the roadway on which the site is located. 3. The one-way peak is utilized in determining compliance with the 16 trips per acre limitation. The diagram below illustrates the split occurring on either side of the street thereby depicting how a one-way value is established for commercial uses. w A41> 4 trips -(Al + Ao + Bo + Bl) To establish a count at the node area, using De Anza Boulevard as an example, assume Al is a vehicle entering from the north and Ao is the same vehicle leaving the site in the same direction as it entered. Bl and Bo are defined in the same manner with the exception that they arrive from the opposite direction. • For the purpose of calculating one-way trips only vehicles in the direction of the peak hour flow Ao and B1 south bound Q. • • E traffic are counted. A. and Bl can only be counted as one trip since for all practical purposes A. and Bl will never meet one another on the road. Therefore, only one quarter of trips counted at the reference line is utilized to calculate the lane requirements, but since the streets are symmetrical in a sense that they have the same number of lanes in both directions, this must be doubled to two thereby arriving at the one-way utilized to assign traffic generation to each use. Residential Residential is figured at three-quarter trips per unit in the peak direction during the 5 to 6 p.m. weekday period designated as the peak hour. Banks After several applications for banks and saving and loans, the Council utilized a 50% reduction of the Friday peak. This figure was established since a bank only generates traffic during one day of the week while during the other four days it is a low generator, with only the employees leaving the site. The results of several studies established that seven trips per 1,000 sq. ft. is appropriate for bank facilities. Office Soace The trip generation factor for general office building was established based on 16 studies performed by the Institute of Traffic Engineers, Technical Committee, 6A-6, the City's own traffic studies and utilizing the approximate directional split of 50-50. It was established that one trip per 1,000 was conservative since the generation for two-way traffic was 1.84 based on City data and 2.09 based on ITE data. An average of 2.0 was utilized and reduced by 50% for directional split. The above numbers assume two-way, however, for establishing the above figure, it is assumed that the two-way is totally outbound. -7- • • B. Policies Reearding Calculation of Trip Generation Rates The most critical element in terms of realizing the objectives of the Core Area Plan involves the application of the trip standard on a parcel by parcel basis. The incremental implementation approach must be applied fairly and equitably to all property owners within the land areas affected to ensure that the concept of limiting land use intensity results in the desired objective of balancing lane demand to fit the eight lane supply. Trip generation rates shall be assigned to specific uses based upon an official City recognized trip list. The official trip list shall be prepared and updated by the City Engineer and/or Director Planning and Development. Trip rates for specific uses will be entered into the trip list when sufficient data is available to satisfy both the Department of Planning and Development and/or the Department of Public Works that said rates are both reasonable and equitable to previous applicants. Table I shall constitute the official trip list. The following policies shall apply in calculating and applying the trip generation rates listed in Table I and in calculating new trip generation rates. 1. The City shall enter a trip generation rate for a specific use when the Director of Planning and Development and/or the City Engineer determine that sufficient information exists in the form of existing City data, previous traffic studies, State ?Manuals, or other sources to reasonably establish said rate. 2. Proposed uses which are listed in the trip list shall be assigned the corresponding trip generation rate. 3. Applicants who feel that their use is of a unique nature and does not conform with a use category in the trip list shall have the option to retain a private traffic engineer to do a separate trip generation study for the specific use. Prior to approval of a trip rate which does not conform with the trip list, the Planning Commission and City Council shall find that said use is unique or different from similar uses listed in the trip list. IE 4. Uses which are not listed on the trip list shall require a separate analysis by a traffic engineer retained by the applicant • unless the City Engineer and/or Director of Planning and Development are satisfied that sufficient City and/or State data exists to determine the trip generation rate. 5. Trip generation rates may be waived or discounted by special action of the City Council upon a determination that the proposed use fulfills a special community -wide objective which supports a goal expressed in the General Plan or'constitutes a special cultural, social or historical benefit to the City (e.g. preservation of a historical structure, construction of low to moderate income housing units, etc.). 6. An applicant/proposed owner may contest the trip generation rates established by the staff or included in the trip list. In be necessary to study the entire land use category. In cases where the trip rate of a use category on the trip list is modified upon subsequent study, applicants or owners assessed at the higher trip rate established through previous analysis shall have the ability to submit a modification of use permit application to revise said trip rates assigned to their use. 7. Uses which are proposed as part of a shopping center complex shall utilize an established rate for individual retail shops. A single major tenant within a small center, or several major tenants within a large center shall be assessed individuallv. 8. For the purposes of this constraint trip.rates shall be rounded to the first decimal point. • CM instances where the applicant believes that the trip list figures • are exaggerated, a traffic engineer retained by the applicant will be necessary to study the entire land use category. In cases where the trip rate of a use category on the trip list is modified upon subsequent study, applicants or owners assessed at the higher trip rate established through previous analysis shall have the ability to submit a modification of use permit application to revise said trip rates assigned to their use. 7. Uses which are proposed as part of a shopping center complex shall utilize an established rate for individual retail shops. A single major tenant within a small center, or several major tenants within a large center shall be assessed individuallv. 8. For the purposes of this constraint trip.rates shall be rounded to the first decimal point. • CM ZII. Trip Allocation Policv • A. Relationship of the Trip Constraint to Redevelopment Expansion Modification or Changes to Existing Uses All existing uses were calculated on the 1973 traffic study based upon their actual trip generation rates. All uses existing at the time of the 1973 traffic study are assigned trip geenration rates to be credited to the site as per Figure II,entitled (Trip Map). Therefore, the following policy shall apply to existing uses: 1. Existing uses may remain indefinitely or until expansion or redevelopment of the building site is requested. Upon sucn request, the existing or proposed use shall be evaluated based upon its conformity to the trip constraint, based on the trip/acre figures established in Figure II. Expansions or redevelopments shall be evaluated based upon a comparison of trips credited per gross acre versus trips generated in the same manner as undeveloped • sites. • 2. In no case will owners of sites with uses existing in 1973 be permitted to sell excess trips which exceed a ratio of 16 per gross acre. That is, uses existing at the time of the 1973 traffic study may only sell the difference between those trips which are allocated to the new use and 16 per gross acre. 3. Sites which were partially developed at the time of the original 1973 traffic study shall be credited with 16 trips per gross acre for the undeveloped portion and a number of trips per gross acre for the developed portion based on the trip rate established in Figure II. -10- B. Buving, Selling, and Transferring Trips • In the event the development does not utilize a full 16 trips per acre allotted by the Traffic.intensity Performance Standard, the owner of record shall have the ability to either retain, sell or transfer trips with other property owners within the North De Anza Boulevard and Stevens Creek Boulevard study area, subject to approval by the Planning Commission and City Council. Trips may not be transferred outside of the area of origin. That is, property owners are not permitted to transfer trips from the North De Anza Boulevard area to the Stevens Creek Boulevard area or vice versa. A11 sales, transfers of trips shall be filed with the Planning Director and City Clerk. No sale or transfer shall be finally consummated until a use permit has been approved for the property to which the trips are to be applied. The applicant shall record a covenant to describe the trip end constraint and the total number of trips allocated to the particular develop- City files, conceptual zoning file and individual use permit files to obtain an up-to-date status report of the total number of trips allocated to each particular property. The applicant shall submit documentation from the seller of trips identified above indicating that trips have been transferred to the applicant. The impact of a sale or transfer of trips on all properties involved shall be evaluated prior to approval by the Planning Commission or City Council. Transfers which significantly reduce the future viability or options for future uses will not be approved. IV. Monitoring Activities The City shall -reserve the right to review compliance with the Traffic ment at the time of the development approval. The covenant shall be worded the City determine in a manner to suggest that the future purchaser of properties consult the City files, conceptual zoning file and individual use permit files to obtain an up-to-date status report of the total number of trips allocated to each particular property. The applicant shall submit documentation from the seller of trips identified above indicating that trips have been transferred to the applicant. The impact of a sale or transfer of trips on all properties involved shall be evaluated prior to approval by the Planning Commission or City Council. Transfers which significantly reduce the future viability or options for future uses will not be approved. IV. Monitoring Activities The City shall -reserve the right to review compliance with the Traffic -11- Intensity Performance Standard at any time following development of a site • or initiation of new use. Should the City determine that the constraint -11- is.exceeded, the City may impose additional measures to ensure compliance. • Said measures may include, but are not limited to the following: • (a) Staggering of work hours by the tenants or users of the building or site (b) Tenant organized car pooling or van pooling programs and/or County transit bus pooling programs. The property owner and/or applicant shall provide potential tenants with a written notice regarding potential traffic problems within the area. Such notice shall stipulate that the City reserves the right to impose the above requirements, should it find that the trip constraint is being exceeded. A copy of said written notice shall be signed by the lessee and forwarded to the City prior to occupancy of the building. 0 0 -12- TIMLA Wo$ &pit* ----- ------- J— bc L -L -I I... ET 1 100. N • I'll lm Mill U1111 t1am." 11A 7TT frm v"-'! M Fn- rm mi twurliffli A&L p TRAFFIC INTENsiTy PERFORMANCE STANDAI LAND AREAS AFFEC. FIGORE I 0 • • TABLE I TRIP LIST USE CATEGORY TRIP RATE DATE OF APPLICATION NO. Expressed in one ENTRY way trips 1. INDUSTRIAL A. De Anza Boulevard 1.4/1000 sq. ft. July 1977 2-U-77; 23-U-76; 32-U-74; 16-U-74 B. Other areas 1.7/1000 sq. ft. July 1977 2. RESIDENTIAL .75/unit July 1977 14-U-76; 6-U-76; 1-U-75 3. OFFICE (GENERAL) 1/1000 sq. ft. July 1977 5-U-77: 4. COMMERCIAL A. Banks 1. Commercial 7/1000 sq. ft. July 1977 5-U-77 2. Savings & Loan 1.25/1000 sq.ft. July 1977 9-U-75 B. COMMERCIAL CENTER 2/1000 sq. ft. July 1977 16-U-76; 3-U-77 (Retail shops) C. FUR14ITURE STORE .75/1000 sq. ft. July 1977 11-U-74; 16-U-76 D. RESTAURANTS 1. Formal sit-down 3.5/1000 sq. ft. July 1977 13-U-75 1 o is AN .111111Y ::11113lrfllU IIIRI/.R rill, UIt49'1T.AIIrr .: '% bits ita.:d erred fr 1., 11:.1'1:11,1 xl le 1'126 -In -20) t.. '1'Y.n111re .I11. 41 tt 1ps tnnwlerred fru. Carer MAA 1110 Si11n9;e vile Io 1'Yn:dwru sit.:. L S Irlpx Is.,oa I'!" ell for Tva.l .,. n: to Snhrn bi-Ibal; (S..nth "I Valles Green U. Ise). 1 ulpn [r:..:J cr red Inr Ty.slu rl la Corner -C b6a 11 site (126-10-41). 61 hips trnnslerreJ for M:IY Invenlnoa. pr'rlect. MW a Ips tr.nwfen eJ frw R.A.S. Ilwes pi nlcut south 1r Ln x1111.:11, 152 trlps I...us 1.111•.1 It. M.A.S. Ihnes P .,lcat north ul La sun•.. . Use I'emlt Iles:: L•:t lin. IW, Trl l'+ II 1p'I It Ips Trane f.. rtd lI IPn 'I'nucJ u.r eJ Snr p los Appl lent lin 11.1 ur Uther S111111 Arr eugr. Al leen l cJ Cenera tcJ to I'ru lett fnw I•nrlc.:t It II•. App ileum /Rm,. nt - 11:11111 u'lol 2-U-71 Ren. W. 1655 4.75 70 70 0 0 0 U......a f....n unet 11111, Inc. Ren. no. 1286 and 12-11-74 Data obuh..J foo. 2.96 48 5 0 41 0 1:anmr W.r. Mlnl storage 12-U-74 and 16.11-14 21-11-16 Nun. W. 1618 1.54 56 56 0 11 U Carl Il,,Nl,k OrpanY u.l.rat o -%erg - mth of 12-11-74 Rus. IA.. 1386 5.01 80 as 5 U U Valley Green III. a L Sd:rnt u: R: rg - TYanla.r. 16-U-14 Iter. 14.. 1697 8.446 115 196 (41)1(28) (S)1('l) 0 11-U-11 It uo. Ile. I(N6 55.26 884 1201. (61)1(109)1(152) U 2 Sal.ratu-beq{ - Y .... r 1'I.au1 Gnrem lop . plrcusl-nreael-Ilurlt11ge 11-U-14 Data obbtned frw 1.9 311.4 19 0 0 11.4 Il -U-74 Ilallwln-Any Muunta Mt, I,td. 19-U-76 Re.. Ila. 1566 2.94 41.1 15.8 0 U 11.1 Ilwu 1'.,1.1111S.singv 9-11-75 Rea. M. 1464 1.5 58 IS R U 41 url I.. . A ... el.tlnn Be.. W. 1482 nnJ Ilu.....iafu Restaurant 11-11-75 Data .61.11114 from 1.474 23.6 5.2 11 Il 18.4 11-I1-]5 I':¢Il lc Vn 1lvy, nook 5-0-77 Rue. W. 11.72 2.8 44.8 42 U c U 2.8 11-U-]1 Itca. IW. 1698 55.26 884 1204 (152)1(1119)1(61) U 2 Sn6rnl n-%erI Crupm'l len- • IWrth oml S.rtl, of Mar I.n11 Ave. 11-U-76 Ter.ul., Iry lies. Iver p. 16-U-/6 Ren. 7W. 1577 9.91 ISO 158 0 0 0 U .... Natoli Co. 1-11-77 Rob. Uo, 1668 1.17 42 26.8 0 11 15.2 Ren ldentlul R.A.S. Ilwes (R.rtl.) 14-0-16 Pea. Rn. 1564 12 192 40.5 0 152 U Pus. He. 1521 and I.A.S. Il.ne. (Sued) 6-U-76 lista .6t.l." it 8.65 116.417 21.25 0 1.1.1 0 11-U-76 Nay Inve.l.cut f... 1-U-75 list,. W,t.lned firm 5.62 117.92 29.25 0 61 0 1-11-15 11111 11-11-76 .: '% bits ita.:d erred fr 1., 11:.1'1:11,1 xl le 1'126 -In -20) t.. '1'Y.n111re .I11. 41 tt 1ps tnnwlerred fru. Carer MAA 1110 Si11n9;e vile Io 1'Yn:dwru sit.:. L S Irlpx Is.,oa I'!" ell for Tva.l .,. n: to Snhrn bi-Ibal; (S..nth "I Valles Green U. Ise). 1 ulpn [r:..:J cr red Inr Ty.slu rl la Corner -C b6a 11 site (126-10-41). 61 hips trnnslerreJ for M:IY Invenlnoa. pr'rlect. MW a Ips tr.nwfen eJ frw R.A.S. Ilwes pi nlcut south 1r Ln x1111.:11, 152 trlps I...us 1.111•.1 It. M.A.S. Ihnes P .,lcat north ul La sun•.. . LJ CUPERTINO GENERAL PLAN • APPENDIX A • 0 TABLE OF CON=17S Section I (Statement of Purpose) ................................ Page 1 Section II (Discussion of Slope) ................................ Pages 1-3 • Section III (Description of Slope-Densi-ty Fct-.ulas............... Pages 4-8 Section IV (Model Slope -Density Analysis ........................ Pages 9-15 • ?._ll ? ea General ?1an Appendix A Slooe-Dens'_: Formulas • Section 1• ?uroose of This Document finis document has been prepared with the intent of acquainting the general reader Witn. the slope -density approach to determining the intensity of residential development. The slope -density approach was incorporated in the hillside plan in order to develop an equitable means of assigning dwelling unit credit to property owners. In addition to offering the advantage of equal treatment for property owners, the slope -density formula can also be designed to reflect judgments regarding aesthetics and other factors into a mathematical model which determines the number of units per acre on a given piece of property based upon the average steepness of the land. Generally speaking, the steeper the average slope of the property, the fewer the number of units which will be permitted. Although the slope -density formula can be used as an effective means to control development intensity, the formula itself cannot determine the ideal development pattern. The formula determines only the total number of dwelling units, allow- able on the property, based upon the average slope; it does not determine the optimum location of those units on the property. Exogenous factors not regulated by the slope -density formula such as grading, tree removal, or other environmental factors would be regulated by other means. The slope -density formulas do not represent by themselves a complete safeguard against development detrimental to the environment; but, together with other conservation measures, they are considered a valuable planning device. • Section 2: Discussion of "Slove" Steepness of terrain can be defined in several ways: As the relationship between the sides of the triangle representing a vertical section of a hill, or as the angle between the terrain and the horizontal plain, to name two. Unfortunately, the definitions of the terms "slope", " rade" "gradient", "batter" p g g and of the expression "the.slpe is 1 to ..." are not well known or uniformly applied causing much confusion. For purposes of this section, the concept of steepness of terrain will be defined and discussed as a "percentage of slope". "Percent of slope" is defined as a measurement of steepness of slope which is the ratio between vertical and horizontal distances expressed in percent. As illustrated below, a 50% slope is one which rises vertically 5 ft. in a 10 ft. horizontal distance. -1- F.'11 Area General Plan Appendix A Slope -Density Formulas IS One of the most common confusions of terminology relative to terrain steepness is the synonymous usage of "percent of grade" and "degree of grade". However, as the illustration below indicates, as percent of grade increase, land becomes steeper at a decreasing rate. The present slope -density formulas specified by the City of Cupertino require more land for development as the rate of percent of grade increases. Thus, the relationship between percent of grade and degree of grade is inverse rather than corresponding. 5t S ,ye SlS ,„ SitI y iv Al ue . Oidafss N cwnurs Sf u ;» PCb_ioY._4icaot_ rt+utc+bt r so f v 1e , C w 3� W ceIc a W •Is 21 a So + / ♦C , 5 � rl u 5 �S SO SYt I 1Io L o � To more accurately assess the impact of steepness of.terrain on the feasibility of residential development, it might be helpful to examine some of phenomenon commonly associated with increasing percentages of slope steepness.l 1. William Spangle & Associates Slope Density Study - Phase I. (Published October, 19 William Spangle and Associates was retained by County to assist the effort of Planning Policy Committee relative to Santa Cruz Mountain Study and Montebello Ridge Study. C� Ei7_1 Area General Plan Ap?and, x A Slope -Density Formulas Percent of Slone Descr:�tion of Slone Problems • 0-52 Relative level land. Little or no development problems due to steepness of slope. 5-152 Minimum slope problems increasing to significant slope problems at 157.. 152 is the maximum grade often considered desirable on subdivision streets. Above 15%, roads must run diagonally to, rather than at right angles to contours increasing the amount of cut and fill. For example, the lower segment of San Juan Road in the Cupertino foothills averages 202 in grade. • 11 15-302 Slope becomes a very significant factor in development at this steepness. Development of level building sites requires extensive cut and fill in this slope category and the design of individual houses to fit terrain becomes important. 30-502 Slope is extremely critical in this range. Allowable steepness of cut and fill slopes approach or coincide with natural slopes resulting in very large cuts and fills under conventional development. In some cases, fill will not hold on these slopes unless special retaining devices are used. Because of the grading problems associated with this category, individual homes should be placed on natural building sites where they occur, or buildings should be designed to fit the particular site. 500/6'+ Almost any development can result in extreme disturbances in this slope category. Except in the most stable native material special retaining devices may be needed. Hill. area General Plan Appendix A Slope -Density Formulas • Section Three: Description of Slope-Densitv Formulas I) The "Foothill Modified" Formula d = 1.85 + 1.65 cos i(s-5) X 4.5} 5�sC44 The "Foothill Modified" formula is designed for application to those properties in the "Fringe" of the Hillside study area with average slopes less than 102. The formula assumes availability of municipal services. Beginning at credit of 3.5 dwelling units/gr. acre, the formula follows a cosine curve of decreasing density credit with increase of slope, achieving a constant above 432 average slope. II) The "Foothill Modified 1/2 Acre" Formula d - 1.85 + 1.65 cos { (s-5) X 4.53 225 s ,44 This formula is applied in the Urban Service Area to those properties where a full range of municipal utility services are available. The formula begins at density of 1/2 acre per dwelling unit which holds constant at 222 average slope. From 222 to 432 average slope, the formula follows a cosine curve of decreasing • density credit with increasing slope. The density credit above 432 average slope remains constant at 0.20 dwelling units/gr. acre. III. The "Semi -Rural 5 Acre" Formula d - 0.43 + 0.23 cos (s X 3.4) The Semi -Rural Formula is intended for analysis of properties within the upper reaches of Regnart Canyon where a full range of urban services is not available. The formula begins at a density '0.66 dwelling units per acre and follows a regular cosine curve 422 average slope. Above 422 average slope, the formula holds a constant density credit of 0.20 dwelling units per gross acre. N. The "County III" Formula d - 0.475 - 0.0075(s) M<_ s <_ 50 This formula is applied to those properties described on Exhibit C-1 which lie outside of the Urban Service Area where no municipal utility services are provided. The formula is of the "polygonal" type, with a constant of 0.40 dwelling unit per gross acre from 0-102 average slope, a declining dwelling unit credit from 102-507. average slope and a constant dwelling unit credit of 0.10 dwelling units per acre for properties above 50% average slope. -4- 4.5 I • 4.0 3.5 W 0.5 �ia��10�o_S =50.1 10 20 30 40 50 60 Slope -Density Formula: "Foothill Modified" A - 1.85 + 1.65 cos I (s-5) X 4.83 *<s<44 Slope Density Gr.acres Average D.U.per per D.U. lot area gr.acre gr.sq.ft. s d 1/d 43,560/d 3.500 0.285 12,445 3.494 0.286 12,467 3.477 0.288 12,528 3.448 0.290 12,633 3.408 0.293 12,781 3.357 0.298 12,975 3.296 0.303 13,868 . 3.224 0.310 13,511 _ 3.143 0.318 13,868 3.053 0.328 14,267 2.954 0.339 14,746 2.848 0.351 15,294 2.734 0.366 15,932 2.614 0.383 16,664 2.489 0.402 17,501 2.360 0.424 18,457 2,227 0.449 19,559 2.000 0.500 21,780 1.954 0.512 22,292 1.815 0.551 24,000 1.678 0.596 25,959 1.541 0.649 28,267 1.406 0.711 30,981 1.275 0.764 34,164 1.147 0.872 37,977 1.025 0.976 42,497 0.908 1.101 47,973 0.798 1.253 55,209 0.696 1.437 62,586 0.601 1.664 72,479 0.515 1.942 84,582 0.439 2.278 99,225 0.372 2.688 117,096 0.315 3.175 138,285 0.270 3.698 161,081 0.236 4.240 184,576 0.213 4.694 204,507 0.201 4.980 216,716 0.200 5.000 217,800 • Slope -Density Formula: "Foothill Modified 1 Acre" d 1.85 + 1.65 cos �Cs-5) % 4.8� i • 5 s -:5 44 Slope s Density D.U.per gr.acre d Cr. acres per D.U. 1/d Average lot area gr.sq.ft. 43,560/d 0-22 2.000 0.500 21,780 23 1.954 0.512 22,292 24 1.815 0.551 24,000 25 .1.678 0.596 25,959 26 1.541 0.649 28,267 27 1.406 0.711 30,981 28 1.275 0.784 34,164 29- 1.147 0.872 37,977 30 1.025 0.976 42,497 31 0.908 1.101 47,973 32 0.798 1.253 55,209 33 0.696 1.437 62,586 34 0.601 1.664 72,479 35 0.515 1.942 84,582 36 0.439 2.278 99,225 37 . 0.372 2.688 117,096 38 0.315 3.175 138,285 39 0.270 3.698 1.61,081 40 0.236 4.240 184,576 41 0.213 4.694 204,507 42 0.201 4,980 216,716 43 0.200 5,000 217,800 -7- Slope Density Formula: "Semi -Rural - 5 Ac" 0.43 + 0.23 cos (s x 4.0) 9OGs /-45 Slope '. s Density D.U.per gr.acre d Gr.acres per D.U. 1/d Average lot area gr.sq.ft. 43,560/d� Slope 2 s Density _D.U.per gr.acre d Gr.acres per D.U. 1/d Average lot area gr.sc.ft. 43,560/d 5 .660 1.515 66000 30 .315 3.175 138285 6 .640 1.562 68050 31 .301 3.318 144532 7 .633 1.579 68806 32 .288 3.467 151041 8 .625 1.599 69690 33 .276 3.622 15776E 9 .616 1.623 70705 34 .265 3.779 164655 10 .606 1.649 71858 35 2.54 3.939 171624 11 .595 1.679 73154 36 .244 4.099 178582 12 .584 1.712 74601 37 234 4.256 185401 13 .572 1.749 76206 38 .227 4.407 191960 14 .559 1.789 77924 39 .219 4.548 198103 15 .545 1.835 79926 40 .214 4.675 203679 16 .531 1.884 82060 41 .208 4.787 209423 17 .516 1.937 84392 42 .205 4.877 212460 18 • 19 .501 .486 1.996 2.059 86933 89695 43 44 .202 .201 4.944 4.986 215389 217196 20 .469 2.128 92692 45 .200 5.000 217800 21 .454 2.202 95938 46 22 .438 2.282 99445 23 .422 2.369 103229 24 .406 2.463 107301 25 .390 2.564 111674 26 .374 2.671 116359 27 .359 2.786 121362 28 .343 2.908 126686 29 .329 3.038 132330 I• -8- Slope Density Formula: Santa Clara County #3 d - 0.475 - 0.0075s • 0<s <50 U Slope Density 7. D.U.per gross acre s d 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 0.4000 0.4000 0.4000 0.4000 0.4000 0.4000 0.4000 0.4000 0.4000 0.4000 0.4000 0.3925 0.3S50 0.3775 0.3700 0.3625 0.3550 0.3475 0.3400 0.3325 0.3250 0.3175 0.3100 0.3025 0.2950 V Average lot area sq f:. 43,560/d 108,900 10S,900 108,900 108,900 108,900 108,900 108,900 108,900 108,900 108,900 108,900 111,000 113,.100 115,400 117,7G0 120,200 122,700 125,400 128,100 131,000 134,000 137,200 140,500 144,000 147,700 Slope Density z D.U.per gross acre s d 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 over 50 0.2875 0.2800 0.2725 0.2650 0.2575 0.2500 0.2425 0.2350 0.2275 0.2200 0.2125 0.2050 0.1975 0.1900 0.1825 0.1750 0.1675 0.1600 0.1525 0.1450 0.1375 0.1300 0.1225 0.1150 0.1075 0.1000 0.1000 Average lot area sq. ft. 43,560/d 151,500 155,6C0 159,900 164,400 169,200 174,200 179,600 185,400 191,500 198,000 205,00 212,500 220.600 229,300 238,700 248,900 260,100 272,300 255,600 300,400 316,600 335,100 355,600 378,S00 405 2.00 435,600 435,600 Rill Area General -Plan Appendix A Slope -Density Formulas • Section 4: How to Conduct a Slooe-Density Analvsis (Mao Wheel Method) The computation of density using a slope -density formula is relatively simple once the basic concepts are understood. This section of Appendix A describes the basic concepts in order to enable individuals to determine density. The Citv Planning staff will provide technical assistance; however, it is the responsibility of the owner or potential developer to provide accurate map materials used in the slope - density investigation for a specific property. The City has map material which is accurate enough to provide an approximate slope - density evaluation. Accurate information needed to evaluate a specific development proposal must be provided by the owner or developer. SteD One: Selection of Map Material To begin any slope -density investigation, it is important to select the proper mapping material.. Maps on which measurements are made must be no smaller in scale than 1" - 200'. (1 r 2400) A11 maps must be.of the topographical type with contour intervals not less than 10 ft. If the map wheel method is used for measuring contours, or if a polar planimeter •is used for measurement of an area, maps on which such measurements are made must not be smaller in scale than 1" = 50' (1 + 600); these maps may be enlarged from maps in a scale not less than 1" 200'. Enlargement of maps in smaller scale than 1" - 200', or interpolation of contours is not permitted. • Step Two: -Layout of Standard Grid System The property for which area and slope are to be measured is divided into a network of "cells" constructed from a grid system spaced at 200 ft. intervals. in order to ensure a common reference point and to prevent the practice of "gerrymandering" the grid system to distort the average slope of the property, the grid system must be oriented parallel to the grid system utilized by Santa Clara County's 1" - 500' scale map series. Figure 1 illustrates a hypothetical property divided into cells by a 200 ft. grid network. It is perhaps easiest to construct the 200' a 200' cells by beginning at an intersection point of perpendicular County grid lines ("Q" in Figure 1) and then measuring 200 ft. intervals along the two County grid lines until the entire property is covered with a network. After the grid lines have been laid out, it is helpful to number each 200 ft. square cell or part thereof. Whenever the grid lines divide the property into parts less than approximately 20,000 sq. ft., such areas shall be combined with each other or with other areas so that a number of parts -10- 1-411 Area General Plan Appendix A Slope—Density Formulas • are formed with the areas approximately between 20,000 and 60,000 sq. ft. Cells formed by combining several subareas should be given a single number and should be shown on the map with "hooks" to indicate grouping (see area 2 on Figure 1). At this point, the investigator should obtain a copy of the "Slope—Density Grid Method Worksheet", Figure 2 of this document. tinder Column A (land unit), each line should be numbered down the page to correspond with the total number of cells on the property. (Figure 2) • STit`1osP,D (n0.,0'GE�� covurY . I yRtO Ur)L s pkoc lY 1 3 5 7Z / uue I � COMoo6rtE 5 '. I yaiv "rttu." armT. �Q� , � \ aato uue'6 FIGURE 1 SteD Three: Measurement of Area and Contour Len¢th With the map material properly prepared in Steps One and Two, we can now begin the actual mechanics of the slope—density analysis. The first task is t� ascertain the acreage of the subject property. This acreage figure is obtained by measuring the area of each numbered cell divided by the 200 ft. grid, and then summing the results of the individual measurements. Since the standard grid cell measures 200` a 200', it is only necessary to measure the area t,f any non—standard size cell. Referring once again to the worksheet, as each cell is calculated for area, the results should be entered in Column B (a",� • Colima C optional) . see Figure 2. -11- M 0 E ed n raw LLJ O J N • gill -1111 I INN -12- Mi MEN u -12- Mi • • • Fill Area General Plan Appendix A Slope -Density Formulas Irregularly shaped cells may be measured for area quickly and accurately by means of a polar. planimeter. This device is analog instrument which traces the perimeter of an area to be measured and gives the size in actual square inches. This measure- ment is then multiplied by the square of the scale of the map being used. For example, 1" - 200', the square of 200 ft. means 1" equals 40,000 sq. ft. The total square footage of each cell can then be converted to acreage by dividing by 43,560 sq. ft. More detailed instruction in the use of the planimeter may be obtained from the City Planning Department. Areas of irregular shape can also be measured by dividing each part into triangles, for which the areas are determined by the formula A - base x height t 2, if a planimeter is not available. Having now determined the area of each cell, one must contour lengths of the property. Contour length and factors in calculating the average slope of the land. interval is measured separately within each standard for which the area has been calculated. The map wheel (Figure 3) is set at "zero" and is then run along the entire length of a contour within the boundary of the cell, lifted and placed on the next contour (without resetting the wheel to zero) and so forth until the total length of contours of the specified interval within the individual cell is determined. The map wheel will display a figure in linear inches traveled. This figure shown on the dial should then be multiplied by the map scale. (Example: map wheel reads - 14-� inches, map scale is 1" - 50'. Contour length - 14.5 x 50 - 750'). The results should now proceed to measure the interval are both vital Each contour of a specified cell or other numbered zone then be entered on the proper line FIGURE 3 of Column D (Figure 2). USING THE MAP WHEEL SteD Four: Calculation of Avera¢e Slone Knowing the total length of contours, the contour interval, and the area of each numbered cell, one may now calculate the average slope of the land. Either of the two formulas below may be used to.calculate average slope: S = 0.0023 I L A -13- 11 • v..i11 Area General ?tan Appendix A Slope -Density Formulas S - average slope of ground in percent I - contour interval in feet L - combined length in feet of all contours on parcel A - area of parcel in acres The value 0.0023 is 1 sq. ft. expressed as a percent of an acre: 1 sq. ft. - 0.0023 ac. 43,560 S-IxLx100 A S - average slope of ground in percent I - contour intervaling feet L - combined length in feet of all contours on parcel A - area of parcel and square feet The results should be entered on the appropriate line of Column E of the worksheet. Star) Five:Determination of Dwelling 'Unit Credit With the average slope of the cell now determined, one can calculate the dwelling unit credit per cell by obtaining a factor from the appropriate slope -density table (Section 3 of this document) then multiplying that factor by the area of the cell in acres. Refer to Figure 4 to ascertain which formula applies to the proeprty under investigation. The formula factor is found by.first reading the table column "s" (slope) until reaching the figure corresponding to the average slope of the cell being studied; next, one reads horizontally to the "d" column (density D.U./gr, ac.). This factor should be entered in Column F of the worksheet. The factor in Column F is now multiplied by the acreage in Column B and the result entered under the appropriate slope -density formula title (Column G, H, I or J). Sten Six: Summation of Results • When all cells in the parcel have been analyzed in the manner previously described, total for various components of the data may be derived and entered into the two bottom rows of the worksheet. Columns B, C (if used), and D should be summed -15- Hill Area General Plan Appendix -A Slope -Density Formulas • at the bottom of the sheet. A mathematical average may be calculated for Column E. Columns G through J should be summed at the bottom of the page'. The totals shown at the bottom of Columns G through J represent the total number of dwelling units permitted on that property, based on the average slope, These totals should be carried out to a minimum of two decimal places. "Rounding" of Dwelling Unit Credit Results The City Council., during its meeting of March 7, 1977, adopted the following policy regarding the rounding up of a numerical dwelling unit yield resulting from application of a slope -density formula: "The rounding up of the numerical yield resulting from application of a slope -density formula may be permitted in cases where the incremental increase in density from the actual yield to the rounded yield will not result in a 10% increase of the actual yield. In no case, shall an actual yield be rounded up to the next whole number unless the fractional number is .5 or greater." 11 • -16- E Oeneral Plan Amendment; Subsequent to July 1979 AMflV TF 1-6P uwv i I-GPt �p4r LAND - .•.. Lb,... "�•. '4��4 .. T- 1-: 'Mti - ._<� ":::. i' -.. .:i -:. . tv..,- ...................... {ii:•: .. _ - .. a� ..... ,. .. ... ... .. .. .. .._... ...... ... . _.... :: ;"3... .. ..:. ........ .... .. ... .. ... .. .:...:.: ..: "' ":.. gTOG ... ..,.., jj :, .. .. ... .. ..... ........ ..iY}f;X} �\(� - .................................. -.,... - :::: i}?iiiii?iiCi�i. YON CAN , . _ Y. _ .... ..... .. .. ra. ..: _ S A io d . .Y. -. ..:�.•. d.: -.V._ ,.. . -. � ... .. ... ...:. � .. ,E - i ...-�.. .. :^--J�^ _ � SOS ,. ,?t`_ .. a •. .•:.n+ �:, _,,. ....'i P.� 3 ::.';: :.' - ::...' ':.: 1* tA='- y,aT .t-. 4 1L s.f .-':YaZ "�?' - _ _. _ �A - . _ - y e.•w- ,i:_ a __cf �i�,a-;v '�.•. .'R->• .,., `:-• .. ... .. ..::: .: :...:. - 1•i."'�-��� -. 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G�.Q�:.; PU�UG rAGIL(� tis i DM(1A1_ - COtJEME�GIAL% �_ (p SLoP` 1-1N n$ ny, YatR INDIlSTtzlaL .._j UQ�Nf 1 �����p�((C E✓ A,b, �, y Co►�nr�uQL /I NDUSTIzlQ1(_ -x;. iaa tf ", lt7 1 ^t �rh t Pg•._ _ _ - _ _ - - - - - ;� - uu.E•a•. •� .SES _ R � �y/_ /�y,/�/�G� 5�>=UFIG FLA NNI NCS - ay:i. • VANNVP Orr l - /�-p /� - - -- 1 W41 1 v 01, Vu10191tI I VOCON&R-EHENSIVE PLAN' t» t J , rt - .•.. Lb,... "�•. '4��4 .. T- 1-: 'Mti - ._<� ":::. i' -.. .:i -:. . tv..,- ...................... {ii:•: .. _ - .. a� ..... ,. .. ... ... .. .. .. .._... ...... ... . _.... :: ;"3... .. ..:. ........ .... .. ... .. ... .. .:...:.: ..: "' ":.. gTOG ... ..,.., jj :, .. .. ... .. ..... ........ ..iY}f;X} �\(� - .................................. -.,... - :::: i}?iiiii?iiCi�i. YON CAN , . _ Y. _ .... ..... .. .. ra. ..: _ S A io d . .Y. -. ..:�.•. d.: -.V._ ,.. . -. � ... .. ... ...:. � .. ,E - i ...-�.. .. :^--J�^ _ � SOS ,. ,?t`_ .. a •. .•:.n+ �:, _,,. ....'i P.� 3 ::.';: :.' - ::...' 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X lJ - fP� - _ _ - - ���� La �T V./ .V I- \ u (1 V✓ {i\�4tt� _ � D BU�� ITurral�a� MIiD.1pW : 5- la D.O./1C.AvEl" PQf-Ks r" .� ' '• a='` / t MSD./ITN 10 20 .D.U. G�.Q�:.; PU�UG rAGIL(� tis i DM(1A1_ - COtJEME�GIAL% �_ (p SLoP` 1-1N n$ ny, YatR INDIlSTtzlaL .._j UQ�Nf 1 �����p�((C E✓ A,b, �, y Co►�nr�uQL /I NDUSTIzlQ1(_ -x;. iaa tf ", lt7 1 ^t �rh t Pg•._ _ _ - _ _ - - - - - ;� - uu.E•a•. •� .SES _ R � �y/_ /�y,/�/�G� 5�>=UFIG FLA NNI NCS - ay:i. • VANNVP Orr l - /�-p /� - - -- 1 W41 1 v 01, Vu10191tI I VOCON&R-EHENSIVE PLAN' t» J - .•.. Lb,... "�•. '4��4 .. T- 1-: 'Mti - ._<� ":::. i' -.. .:i -:. . tv..,- ...................... {ii:•: .. _ - .. a� ..... ,. .. ... ... .. .. .. .._... ...... ... . _.... :: ;"3... .. ..:. ........ .... .. ... .. ... .. .:...:.: ..: "' ":.. gTOG ... ..,.., jj :, .. .. ... .. ..... ........ ..iY}f;X} �\(� - .................................. -.,... - :::: i}?iiiii?iiCi�i. 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' , fi!'✓-. a y;y ' K 1 f-~-•"_lr•. y .d j. - �• - _ _ _ _ t �•` } iyN qrj-X w r 9.t Yt. r 1 ' - cx 'r: :i� x ,.. �.•� _ � _ : h ` 's _,tr.t, t'-�I __ � 'yq'-c ,j 3r�ii✓-1s<3 � {}g" ' .R u 1 } z:ir -,Vim' f= �, at 't :; - - - "� - _ - ` __ _ � s� l�- �l� IA- I _-A _ d opte.-LAND,-USE--MAP----,:,— July 2,1979 by City Council Resolution a#50. 46 Fr _ - -.!' .: ♦ t. 1 `sy'nnt )54- tyvYJ-R ,. i i�Yl v. +f i..la 5.>v =l` -.. X lJ - fP� - _ _ - - ���� La �T V./ .V I- \ u (1 V✓ {i\�4tt� _ � D BU�� ITurral�a� MIiD.1pW : 5- la D.O./1C.AvEl" PQf-Ks r" .� ' '• a='` / t MSD./ITN 10 20 .D.U. G�.Q�:.; PU�UG rAGIL(� tis i DM(1A1_ - COtJEME�GIAL% �_ (p SLoP` 1-1N n$ ny, YatR INDIlSTtzlaL .._j UQ�Nf 1 �����p�((C E✓ A,b, �, y Co►�nr�uQL /I NDUSTIzlQ1(_ -x;. iaa tf ", lt7 1 ^t �rh t Pg•._ _ _ - _ _ - - - - - ;� - uu.E•a•. •� .SES _ R � �y/_ /�y,/�/�G� 5�>=UFIG FLA NNI NCS - ay:i. • VANNVP Orr l - /�-p /� - - -- 1 W41 1 v 01, Vu10191tI I VOCON&R-EHENSIVE PLAN' Barton-Aschman Associates, Inc. 100 Park Center Plaza, Suite 450 San Jose, California 95113 MEMORANDUM TO: Bert Viskovich, City of Cupertino Mark Kroll, Prometheus Development Company FROM: Richard Ivy Jane Bierstedt DATE: July 8, 1988 408-280-6600 P(180(- w'(JKKS JUS 6 1968 SUBJECT: Cupertino City Center Phase 3 Apartments Traffic Analysis Barton-Aschman Associates, Inc. has conducted a focused traffic analysis for the proposed 132 -unit apartment complex located on Torre Avenue in Cupertino, California. The complex is part of the Cupertino City Center development. The traffic analysis investigated the impacts of the proposed development on the operations of four key intersections in the vicinity of the site, addressed site specific issues such as driveway location, sight distance, and internal circulation, and investigated the adequacy of the parking supply based on the concept of shared parking. The results are presented in this memorandum. EXISTING CONDITIONS Manual turning movement counts were conducted on Wednesday, May 25, 1988 from 4:00 PM to 6:00 PM at the intersection of Stevens Creek Boulevard and Torre Avenue. The peak one-hour volumes were obtained from these counts to represent existing conditions. The existing volumes for the intersections of De Anza Boulevard at Stevens Creek Boulevar:', T)e Anna Boulevard at Rvu'vigues Avenue, and De Anza Boulevard at McClellan/Pacifica Drive were obtained from the City of Cupertino. The existing intersection turning movement volumes for the PM peak hour are presented in Figure 1. BACKGROUND CONDITIONS - Background conditions are described as conditions prior to the completion of the proposed apartment complex. Traffic for background conditions comprise existing traffic plus', traflfic:from other- approved but riot yet completed developments in the victmfy of-`thn site. The approved but not yet completed developments include 340,000, squ r6 feef of ofJi4e`,sp* e`;Zand a 240+room ,hotol;:,both ,parf'of. the' Cupertino City Center deYPlop i errtt; an`df39;%Q sgyaie`eeet'of'unb'ecupted Apple office spacer The hotei'is projected fo generate' 170 PM peak -hour trips (85 inbound and 85 outbound). The Cupertino City' Center office space is projected to generate 555 PM peak -hour trips(90rinbound and 465, outbound). The unoccupied Apple office space is projected to generate', 80 PM peak -hour trips (10 inbound and 70 outbound). These traffic 0 Barton-Aschman Associates, Inc. 4 ire =S (PM PEAK HOUR) Barton-Aschman Associates, Inc. projections were assigned to the roadway system and added to the existing volumes, which were increased by a two percent growth factor to account for traffic from other developments and overall growth, to obtain traffic volumes for background conditions. The results are shown in Figure 2. PROJECT CONDITIONS The amount of PM peak -hour traffic generated by the apartment complex was estimated by applying an appropriate trip generation rate to the number of units. A trip generation rate of 0.67 trips per unit, from the Institute of Transportation Engineers publication Trip Generation, 1987, was used. The proposed apartment complex is projected to generate 90 PM peak -hour trips. It is estimated that these trips will approach and depart the site with 60 percent to the west on Stevens Creek Boulevard, 30 percent to the east on Stevens Creek Boulevard, and 10 percent to the south on Torre Avenue. The project traffic was assigned to the roadway system (see Figure 3) and added to the background volumes to obtain traffic volumes for project conditions. These volumes are presented in Figure 4. GENERAL PLAN BUILDOUT CONDITIONS General Plan buildout conditions include traffic from other proposed by not yet approved developments plus traffic from the development potential of under-utilized sites. These developments include buildout of the Vallco Park area with commercial, office, and industrial park uses, approximately 79,000 square feet of office space on the St. Joseph's Church site, 688 apartments on the Mariani site, 99 apartments at Cupertino City Center, plus other commercial, office, and residential developments. Traffic generated by these developments was estimated and added to the traffic volumes for project conditions. The results are presented on Figure 5. INTERSECTION LEVELS OF SERVICE The operating conditions of an intersection are described with the term "level of service." Level of service is a qualitative description of an intersection's operation based on delay. An intersection's level of service can range from Level A, or free flow conditions with little delay, to Level F, or jammed conditions with excessive delays. Descriptions of the various levels and their corresponding ranges of average stopped delay per vehicle based on the 1985 Highway Capacity Manual are presented in Table 1. The City of Cupertino defines an acceptable level as Level of Service D or better. Intersection level of service calculations for existing, background, project, and General Plan buildout conditions are presented in Table 2. All four intersections are projected to operate at acceptable levels under all four conditions. -3- Barton-Aschman Associates, Inc. N' 4-75 oro R-25' n inion X445 50--+ f-900 40 —')v 4--905 x,05 i Y 'C-380 I� * r 135 240' �' 1215 --► I I I 1875 —� N 815 a 45 -I `- o o N � N p r N E O ry m k-215 I 4-75 i Y —240'. 70 r 50--+ I 40 —')v o r p N N �Nm _70 4-30 C- 2,+10 80 460 W N (NTS) STEVENS CREEK RODRIGUES PACIF Figure 2 BACKGROUND TRAFFIC VOLUMES (PM PEAK HOUR) tsar ion-AbUmelan PAabum- atuaiam— I& re 3 --- ES. (PM PEAK HOUR) Barton-Aschman Associates, Inc. N' u+mo t. 25 r r 455 mo I I � +-9154-- �" 125 jI x 380 }x80 I I 135 1230 --► 1875 815 �' 0 oa o 80' � p r N o M rvm X215 f 1 { 75 240 70 * 50 —+ I I r 40 opo .-0 0 N N m' 70 I I {-30 flyC—21 I 215 0 80 �^ e 460 4 (NTSI STEVENSCREEK RODRIGUES PACIFICA Figure 4 BACKGROUND PLUS PROJECT TRAFFIC VOLUMES (PM PEAK HOUR) Barton-Aschman Associates, Inc. N 510 Y l ♦-945 1 X415 255 R 1260--+ I I 815 ---�v �Qo N o� o Q r N N M nu'm 8-215 0 t-- 75 Y l —240 70 _ 50 —I. 2200 40� oe o 215 1 �Qo 0 u N'N k-70 NI _ ImI Y— 2200 I I 215 1 N 0 460 Nin a M N (NTS) k— 25 {-1010 ,C-155 STEVENSC �1 135 J � r 1950-* m 105 80DRIGUES PACIFICA Figure 5 GENERAL PLAN BUILDOUT TRAFFIC VOLUMES (PM PEAK HOUR) Y Barton-Aschman Associates, Inc. TABLE 1 LEVEL -OF -SERVICE CRITERIA FOR SIGNALIZED INTERSECTIONS Level of Service Description A Operations with very low delay occurring with favorable progression and/or short cycle lengths. B Operations with low delay occurring with good progression and/or short cycle lengths. C Operations with average delays resulting from fair progression and/or longer cycle lengths. Individual cycle failures begin to appear. D Operations with longer delays due to a combination of unfavorable progression, long cycle lengths, or high V/C ratios. Many vehicles stop and individual cycle failures are noticeable. E Operations with high delay values indi- cating poor progression, long cycle lengths, and high V/C ratios. Individual cycle failures are frequent occurrences. This is considered to be the limit of acceptable delay. F Operations with delays unacceptable to most drivers occurring due to oversatu- ration, poor progression, or very long cycle lengths. Average Stopped Delay Per Vehicle (Sec.) Less than 5.0 5.1 to 15.0 15.1 to 25.0 25.1 to 40.0 40.1 to 60.0 Greater than 60.0 Source: Transportation Research Board, Highway Capacity Manual, Special Report 209, (Washington, D.C., 1985) pp. 9-4 -9-5. Barton-Aschman Associates, Inc. TABLE 2 INTERSECTION LEVELS OF SERVICE (PM PEAK HOUR) General Plan Existing Background Project Buildout Intersection Delay LOS Delay LOS Delay LOS Delay LOS Stevens Creek Boulevard and De Anza Boulevard 34 D 35 D 35 D 37 D Stevens Creek Boulevard and Torre Avenue 12 B 14 B 14 B 15 B De Anza Boulevard and Rodrigues Avenue 17 C 19 C 19 C 19 C De Anza Boulevard and McClellan/Pacifica Drive 34 D 35 D 35 D 36 D SITE SPECIFIC ISSUES Sight distance at the proposed driveway location, the design of the driveway, and the circulation pattern in the garage are described in this section. A field survey was conducted to determine whether there will be any sight distance problems at the proposed driveway location. The driveway will be located approximately 110 feet from the northern property edge on Torre Avenue. Vehicles approaching from either direction on Torre Avenue are easily seen from this location. Therefore, no sight distance problems will occur. The 225 -space parking garage will be served by 22 -foot wide driveway. The width of this driveway should conform to City of Cupertino standards. Only one driveway is required to serve a parking area of this size. Circulation within the parking garage seems adequate. QE Barton-Aschman Associates, Inc. PARKING SUPPLY A total of 225 parking spaces will be provided for the 132 -units. Of these spaces, 139 will be reserved spaces and access to these spaces will be controlled by gates. The remaining 86 spaces will not be reserved and will be available for residents and visitors. The City of Cupertino requires 2 spaces per dwelling unit or 264 spaces. The proposed supply is 39 spaces short of the code requirements. Since the peak parking demand for residential developments occurs in the late evening when office parking demand is at its lowest, additional parking will be available in the parking garage on the other side of Torre Avenue. This parking garage would provide the 39 spaces required to meet the code requirements. REI/JAB/88423:eab -10- 2315.04.05 • X. ORDINANCE NO. 577 AN ORDINAWCE OF TEE CITY OF CUPE RTINO A`fENDING SECTION 1 OF OPSJI'rs\.NCE NO. 2 BY REZO;INC APPRO:iIiLATELY 13.2_ ACRES FROM P (PLANNED DEVELOPMENT WITH GENERAL COXJMFR- CIAL INTENT) ZONE TO P (PLANNED DEVELOPMENT WITH RESI- DENTIAWRECREATIONAL AND INCIDE'N'TAL COALiERCIAL ACTIVI- TIES INTENT) ZONE; LOCATED AT THE NORTIi';11.•ST CORNER OF THE ITTERSECTION OP STELLING ROAD AND STEVENS CREEK BOULEVARD THE CITY COUN'C'IL OF TIIE CITY OF CUPERTINO DOES ORDAIN AS FOLLOWS: WHEP.]1S, on Aulast 2, 1974, an application was filed by De Anza Racquet Club and Village Green (Don 0. Bandley and Equity Development Co.) (Applica- tion 25 -Z -?4) for the rezoning of property from P (Planned Development with General Commercial Intent) Zone to P (Planned Development: with Residential/ Recreational and Incidental Commercial Activities Intent:) Zone; and WHEREAS, upon due notice and after one Public hearing the Manning Com- mission reconmeuded to the Cite Council that the rezoning be granted; and WHEREAS. the property to be rezoned is presently in a P (Planned Develop- ment with General Commercial Intent) Zone; and , 1 EAS, a map of the subject property is attached hereto as Exhibit ".A" as a proposed amendment to the Piaster Zoning Map of the City of Cuper- tino; j NOW, THEREFORE, BE IT ORDAINED AS FOLLOWS: ` Section 1. That the following described property he and hereby is re- zoned to P (Planned Development uith Residential/Recreational and Incidence'- Commercial ncidentalCommercial Activities Intent) Zone, subject to conditions set forth in Planning Commission Resolution No. 1387, attached Thereto as Exhibit "B" and that Exhibit "A" attached hereto is made part of the Master Zoning Map of the City of Cuper- tino: All that certain real property situate in the City of Cupertino, County_ of Santa Clara, State of California; approximately 13.2+ acres, located at the northwest corner of the intersection of Stelling Road and Stevens Crack Boulevard, more fully described in attached Exhibit "A" and Exhibit "B". Section 2. This ordinance shall take effect and be in force thirty (30) days after its passage. Exhibit "A" Ord. No. 677 All that certain real property situate in the City of Cupertino, County of Santa Clara, State of California, described as follows: BEGINNING at a point of intersection of the northerly line of Stevens Creek Boulevard (120 feet wide) with the westerly line of Anton ;day (43 feet wide) as said point is shown on that certain parcel map recorded in Book 271 of Maps at page 45, Santa Clara County Records; thence along said westerly line of Anton Way, N 0002'03" W, 750.27 feet to the point of intersection of said westerly line of Anton [day with the westerly prolongation of the southerly line of Alves Drive as shown on the above ref- erenced parcel map; thence easterly along said prolongation N 89052'19" E, 62.97 feet to a point on said southerly line of. Alves Drive; thence along said southerly line of Alves Drive N 89052'19" E, 454.15 feet; thence continuing easterly along said southerly line of Alves Drive along a tangent curve, concave to the North, having a radius of 1030.00 feet, through a central angle of 10055'56", an arc length of 196.53 feet to a point of reverse curvature; thence continuing along said southerly line of Alves Drive along a curve concave to the Southwest, having a radius of 40.00 feet, through a central angle of 101003'37", an arc length of 70.55 feet to a point on the westerly line of Stel- ling Road as shown on the above referenced parcel map; thence along said westerly line of Stelling Road South, 51.74 feet; thence continuing southerly along said westerly line of Stelling Road along a tangent curve, concave to the East, having a radius of 4522.24 feet, through a central angle of 3018'01", an arc length of: 260.48 feet to a point of reverse curvature; thence continuing southerly along said westerly line of Stelling Road along a curve concave to the West, having a radius of 4522.24 feet, through a central angle of 3018'01", an arc length of 260.48 feet to a point of compound curvature; thence continuing southerly along said westerly line of Stalling Road along a curve, concave to the West, having a radius of 152.15 feet, through a central angle of 14°04'14", an arc length of 37.37 feet to a point of reverse curvature; thence continuing southerly along said westerly line of Stelling Road along a curve concave to the East, having a radius of 248.00 feet, through a central angle of 14°04'14", an arc length of. 60.90 feet to a point of reverse curvature; thence continuing southerly along said westerly line of Stelling Road along a curve, concave to the Northwest, having a radius of 50.00 feet, through a central angle of 89°52'19", an arc length of 78.43 feet, to a point on the said northerly line of Stevens Creek Boulevard; thence alcug said northerly line. S 89°52'.1.9" W, 712.75 feet to the Point of lie - ginning, and being portions of Parcel 4 and Anton Way as shown on the above referred to Parcel 10p. Containing 13.229 acres more or less Li 0 r --i_ II1S /.'O?L'1 61.74' R= 40.00' 14 ° 01'03'37' L•70.55' R 1030.00' G ,10°55'56" L:196.53' R°4522.24' A ° 03'/,5'0/" L•260. S' FE (),r,' OF L -3Z37' R 248.00' L- 6V. go, PARCEL 4 SEC.: Aa r7, . R-59on _............ / BS �? 60 L = 7d. 43' I F ---- i AREA to be rozonec' Rezone from P (Planned Development with General Commercial intent) to ;y PA F2C.E.L P (Planned Development with o — — — —I Residential/Recreational and. Incidental Commercial Activities intent). C9'52'/9 - G2.97' I { t � cry L'?3eC .-Tnncc au.m .c e u ,+cx a.�ry -.f1 CO' NO ✓2 t i �.i✓-4� �_' �.i: !..Cid•': ii.,,.. C UP EFt'7'1 N0 APPLICa7!ON NO.s� z= I PIC DAS6 I.._.,..-.:., I c,'_,^2GE S. r O'L'YE Arn ASs QC 1IVI f"'. ' � I St.N JUI • WAR;Ul CIM • SAA I!1ANCISCO SAA' 01!.CU �_..� � _... u.r� u<a :a,>roo ri,i un r.co i, �•d n; nm �.no ni >°y. 01.1M n,%3 r. !4v- 21;, i )71 C=3 A 0 PLAT TO Lb" lea 1J T(.) SE 25-Z-74 RESOLUTION NO. 1403 OF Till," PLANNING COMMISSION OF THE CITY OF CUPERTINO !` RECOMMENDING THE APPROVAL OF A CHANGE OF ZONE FOR - 13.2 ACRES FROM P (PLANNED DEVELOPMENT WITH GENERAL COMMERCIAL INTENT) TO P (PLANNED DEVELOPMENT WITH RESIDENTIAL/RECREATIONAL AND INCIDENTAL COMMERCIAL ACTIVITIES INTENT) APPLICANT: De Anra Racquet Club and Village Green (Don 0. Bandley and Equity Development Co.) ADDRESS: P. 0. Box 191, Cupertino, California 95014 SUBMITTED: August 2, 1974 LOCATION: Northwest corner of the intersection of Stelling Road and Stevens Creek Boulevard ZONE: P (Planned Development with General Commercial Intent) ACREAGE: 13.2.acres CONDITIONS AND FURTHER FINDINGS: 1-14. Standard Conditions to the extent that they do not conflict with the special conditions enumerated 'herein. In the event a conflict does exist, the special conditions as enumerated herein sliall apply. 15. That a 30 -ft. right of way be constructed along the present aliga- (,; ment for Anton Way connecting Alves Drive with Stevens Creels L'lvd. 16. That the subsequent development of subject property reflect the approved land use fntensity, site development plans, and conditions of approval thereof of Use Permit Applications 27-U-74 and 31-U-74 ------------------------------------------------------------------------ PASSED AND ADOPTED this 10th day of March, 1975, at a regular meeting of the Planning Commission of the City of Cupertino, State of California, by the following roll call vote: AYES: Commissioners Adams, NAYS: None ABSTAIN: None ABSENT: Commissioner O'Keefe ATTEST: Cooper, Woodward, Chairman Gatto James It. Sisk / Planning Director APPROVED: John M. Gatto, Chairman Planning Commission -2- 27-U-74 RESOLUIViO" N.O. 1405 OP 11,11I PLA'? I7 NG M,1:11.SSltl,l 01' TMS CITY OF CMIF1, [NO RLCO_4MFi9DT„G TIIE APNIOVIPI. OF A U:;1: PERMIT TO ALLOW CONSTRUC710N OF A MIAERCIAL CLUB CONSISTING OF CLUBHOUSE, RESTAURA E, PRO SIVJL', OLYMPIC SWLM%IING POOL, FOUL 1{Ai;DP,ALL COURTS, AND EIGHTEEN TEN:til.S COURTS. APPLICIUNT : De Anza Racquet: Club and Village Green (lion 0. Bandley and Equity Development Co.) ADDRESS: P. 0. Dos 191, Cupertino, California 95014 SUB,XITTED: August 2, 1974 LOCATION: NorchwesL corner of the intersection of: Stelling Road and Stevens Creek iicule:vorci ZONE: P (Planned Developmcnt with Residential/P.ccreational and TncidcIntal. Commercial Activities Intent) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- CONDITIONS AND FURTHER FIzIDINGS: 1-14. Standard Conditions to the extent that they do not conflict with the special conditions enumerated herein. In the event a conflict does exist, the spec�Lal conditions as enumerated herein shall apply. 15. That the approval is based upon Use Permit Exhibit A, 3rd Revision of 27-U-74, as may be amenda:d.by additional conditions contained herein. 16. That the land use intensities for the proposed structure should be as follows: (a) The number of restaurant seats and bar lounge seats of the public restaurant be restricted to a maximum of 292 seats. (b) The maximum number of employees at one shift be 28. (c) That the retail operations in connection,with the pro shop be limited to 600 sq. ft. (d) That the restaurant/tennis club building contain no more than four (4) handball courts. 17. That the City Council and/or Planning Commission shall have the ability to initiate a public hearing to review parking problems and circulation problems associated with parking problems that may result by operation of the banquet facilities and/or tennis tournaments and to develop the procedures and regulations to control problems if they develop. The applicant/owner shall obtain written approval from the Foothill Junior College District for use of over- flow parking in connection with tennis tournaments that will result in the need for parking beyond the capacity of the site. 18. That the Architectural and Site Approval Committee shall review detailed lighting plans in order to ascertain the lighting impact on the adjoining residential development (31-U-74) and the Memorial Park and traffic on Stevens Creek Blvd. -2- 27-U-74 nesolut:ion No. 1405 (continued) 19. That the applicant/owner sign a reciprocal agreement with the owner of the adjoining tennis club complex so as to provide for the emergency fire access described on Exhibit A, 3rd Revision of 31-U-74 and 27-U-74. 20. That twelve (1.2) specimen trees (24 -inch box size) shall be placed on the combined street frontages of Stalling Road, Stevens Creel: Blvd., and Anton [day. 21. That a minimum of one (1) controlled pedestrian access point shall be installed between the tennis court complex and the residential complex. PASSED AND ADOPTED this 10th day of March, 1975, at a regular meeting of the Planning Commission of the City of: Cupertino, State of California, by the following roll call vote: AYES: Commissioners Adams, Cooper, Woodward, Chairman Gatto, NAYS: None ABSTAIN: None ABSENT: Commissioner O'Keefe ATTEST: James H. Sisk Planning Director APPROVED: John M. Gatto, Chairman . Planning Commission -3 _ LAND USE_MAP_- . ...-<._.. __ -... -'- KESNENTIAL ;Adopted duly 2, 1979 by city Council Resolution +56.46 V��Y Cow 0 OIJASI PUBGL/INSTITUi'IONAL LOW -1-5 D.U.16� Az. LE f-QVATE REGF_IE-_ATION MDD�lOW=5�IoD1J./GrcA��`+m"^:.'�PA2KS' r+_= l MED./III6N�� 1o�w D,U.�GR.A� �c;rPUgUG PAGLIIIEs - �;'. HI6H.,Z0-35 D.U_/G��A�. COIv1M_�2GIAL/��SIDENjIAL COAhMEP.GIAL [/i� 10� SLOPS SINE ^^-�-� NDUSTRIAL - COMMF�GiAL�I,NDUSTkIAL Urf 4 6rrvILf— APPA ------ ZouN�eY " fGhNNE�'OFAc SPEUFIG FLANNIN6 .................... A'2EA M`ff: RcfCq �a rivr rnC 3rkcry. �ryao uX tyyrE> CIT,Yof.'CUPERTINO:COMPREHENSIVE PLAN • • • COIVIII UNITY FORMIACTIVITY CENTERS LEGEND: "CROSSROADS AREA" N. DE ANZA BLVD. COMMUNITY - LIGHT INDUSTRIAL SHOPPING DISTRICT AND R&D CORRIDOR I h , OE ANZA COLLEGE — EDUCATIONA` CON ERENCEu ACTIVITY !J� / t URBAN EDGE — ft RETAIN OPEN SPACE RURAL TRANSITION SO. SARATOGA-SUNNYVALE R0. COMMERCIAL CORRIDOR LOW -INTENSITY COMMERCIAL OFFICE MAJOR ARTERIALS & COLLECTOR STREETS ® FREEWAYS/EXPRESSWAYS HIGH ACTIVITY CENTERS V......nM STREAM CORRIDOR n`\`u//jjIll HILLSIDE BACKDROP 3 COMMERCIAL OFFICE, HOTEL VALLCO LIGHT INDUSTRIAL R&D "VALLCO" REGIONAL SHOPPING OFFICE STEVENS CREEK BLVD, OFFICE CORRIDOR OFFICE AND LOW -INTENSITY COMMERCIAL NOTES: High activity commercial/entertainment uses are encouraged in Vallco Park, Town Center and Crossroads Center. These uses shall be limited in areas outside of the above centers. Building heights of 4$ stories permitted in Vallco Park and Town Center — height for the Vallco Park hotel is unspecified. Landscaped parkways required in the corridors leading to the center of town — retain views of the hillsides. FIGURE 1