Exh D - Report & Concept, BBF Golf Course, Dec. 2015
Conceptual Plan
for
Blackberry Farm Golf Course
in
Cupertino, California
Prepared For:
City of Cupertino
Department of Recreation and Community Services
10300 Torre Avenue
Cupertino, CA 95014
Prepared By:
1150 South U.S. Highway One, Suite 401
Jupiter, FL 33477
(561) 744-6006
December 2015
Review
of the
Blackberry Farm Golf Course
in
Cupertino, California
December 2015
Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION & PURPOSE .................................................................................................. 2
BLACKBERRY FARM GOLF COURSE – A NEW VISION ....................................................... 5
Conceptual Plan Summary – Golf Course .................................................................................... 5
Conceptual Plan Summary – Clubhouse/Restaurant & Pro Shop Building ................................. 7
Banquet Potential ........................................................................................................................ 11
FINANCIAL PROJECTIONS FOR BLACKBERRY FARM GOLF COURSE ............................13
APPENDICES...........................................................................................................................17
Appendix A – Conceptual Plan ...........................................................................................18
Appendix B – Preliminary Cost Estimate – Golf Course .....................................................19
Appendix C – Clubhouse/Restaurant & Pro Shop Building Program By Square Footage ..19
Appendix D – Preliminary Cost Estimate – Clubhouse/Restaurant & Pro Shop Building ....19
Introduction & Purpose
National Golf Foundation Consulting, Inc. (“NGF Consulting” or “NGF”) was retained by the City of
Cupertino (“City”) in 2014 to present potentially viable options regarding the future of the City’s
Blackberry Farm Golf Course (“BBFGC”). The consulting services were done as part of the overall
due diligence related to the Stevens Creek Corridor Master Plan. One of the primary goals of this
project is to create a plan for BBFGC that will put the facility on a path toward long-term economic
stability and sustainability. The consulting services were managed by Ed Getherall, NGF’s Senior
Director of Operations, in conjunction with Forrest Richardson, ASGCA, owner and president of
Forrest Richardson & Associates.
NGF concluded that Blackberry Farm Golf Course is a valuable community asset for the City of
Cupertino that has the potential to appeal to a wide variety of golfers. However, the golf facility in its
present condition is not “set up for success” and does not accurately reflect the caliber of a city that
has a stellar reputation nationally for its strong economy and high quality of life. The poor condition
of the golf course, resulting from an aging infrastructure and a deferral of capital improvements over
the years, has magnified the effects of factors such a declining golf market and an aging clientele,
resulting in significant financial distress for the Golf Enterprise Fund.
Key deficiencies include:
Lack of tee flexibility (having more yardages from which players can opt to play from)
Poor turf conditions
Greens (too small and lack quality)
Tree management (tree health and over-shading of turf areas)
Irrigation system (aging and inefficient)
Water source and cost (from potable to well water)
Tight hole corridors (especially at Nos. 1 and 9)
Lack of practice and new player development amenities
Aging clubhouse (separated, non-integrated uses of golf and restaurant)
Lack of ADA compliance (paths and access)
To address these deficiencies within the context of MIG’s work on the Stevens Creek Corridor
Master Plan, NGF and Forrest Richardson, ASGCA, were tasked with studying the potential to
improve the golf facility in one of two approaches; (a) to renovate the facility in its current footprint,
and (b) reconfigure the facility into a smaller footprint. The NGF team’s work involved time with MIG
to understand goals and objectives that came to the surface as the City explored potential long term
uses and improvement to the entire Stevens Creek Corridor area. The outcome of meetings and
planning sessions with the City and MIG yielded several areas of focus for our golf course planning
work:
Ways to integrate the golf landscape with that of Steven Creek and the Blackberry Farm
park area setting.
Opportunities to have golf and park amenities shared between uses (such as clubhouse,
restaurant, etc.)
Preservation of tree drip lines, trails and park access.
Ways to remove the tall poles and netting that disrupt views and park aesthetic.
The NGF team’s efforts yielded two conceptual plan possibilities (‘A’ and ‘B’) for the City to consider.
When weighing the relative merits of the two plans, NGF took account of additional key
considerations such as:
Potential revenue enhancements - new practice areas; higher quality turf; enhanced food
& beverage service more integrated with golf service; Footgolf.
Cost efficiencies - reduced managed turf footprint (to save on water cost and focus
maintenance effort); water source conversion (to lower water cost); replace aging
infrastructure (to reduce annual capital costs on operations and emergency repairs).
Environmental - orienting the golf course to a more naturalized landscape that
corresponds better to the natural areas of the Stevens Creek corridor; saving water and
improving maintenance efficiency by converting the old pond areas to lowland areas with
native plantings that serve as biofiltration basins, and reducing turf throughout the course.
NGF and Mr. Richardson recommended Option B as the plan that best addressed all of the
objectives cited above, while at the same time establishing a fun and enjoyable golf experience.
Option B both reduces the golf footprint (conserving water use) and reduces round times. The par-3
hole lengths are short, yet variable; players will be able to hit shots ranging from 175 yards to under
100 yards. In addition to 9-hole rounds, play may be offered at 3-hole and 6-hole “loops” by using
various combinations of holes. Tight hole widths are eliminated and the fully rebuilt golf course is
reconfigured with modern safety set-backs and appropriate separation between adjoining golf holes.
Hallmarks of Option B included:
Fully rebuilt golf course
Shorter golf holes with less errant balls to outside areas
New irrigation system with elevated “farm” storage tank
Biofiltration basins (lowland native areas) to capture runoff
Short game and player development area for new golfers and training
Eight (8) hitting bays for instruction, fitting and practice
1,035-yard, par-27 course
Returning “loops” allowing play of 3-, 6- and 9-hole rounds
Elevated tees at four holes
Golf course poles and netting are expected to be eliminated (trailside fencing remains)
Relocated pro shop and grill provides long views across park and golf areas
New park and golf entry road from Stevens Creek Boulevard
The community and City Council input to date has been to further consider Option B as presented
last year, though with some modifications to the plan as proposed by the NGF team (e.g., the
clubhouse /restaurant will remain in the northern section of the property, and the new entry road will
end at the new clubhouse and not extend to the southern end of the property).
In June 2015, the NGF team (including Mr. Richardson and clubhouse architect Brian Curtis) was
engaged to collaborate with lead consultant MIG and create a new golf course and clubhouse /
restaurant building concept to reflect this direction from City Council. Key components of this phase
of the collaboration with the City included:
Creating a new conceptual site plan, including recommended programming for both the
golf course and clubhouse
Providing updated cost estimates
Working with City and MIG to address potential flood plain issues
Generating turf area reductions, naturalized areas, tree removals and new plantings so
MIG can quantify the environmental impacts.
Siting of a new pedestrian bridge
Preparing 5-year financial projections for the reimagined BBFGC, including new and
expanded revenue centers
In the next section of this report, NGF describes the vision for the Blackberry Farm Golf Course.
Blackberry Farm Golf Course – A New Vision
Below is the summary narrative description for the reimagined Blackberry Farm Golf Course and
Golf Clubhouse/Restaurant and Pro Shop. The recommended design is in fact more than a
restaurant, and is flexibly designed to host small or large meetings, banquets, events, and
community purposes as desired.
Conceptual Plan Summary – Golf Course
The Conceptual Plan (see Appendix A) created by the NGF team in late 2015 transforms the
existing golf course into a shorter par-3 layout. As noted, the plan elaborates on previous conceptual
plans presented to the City, incorporating community comments and direction from the City Council.
Tight golf hole widths are eliminated and the fully rebuilt golf course is reconfigured with modern
safety set-backs and appropriate separation between adjoining golf holes. The new plan further
refines the golf course, retaining the starting and ending holes at the north. A benefit of the reduced
footprint of the golf course (approximately 15 acres reduced to 12.5 acres) is that additional areas
are made available for expanded parking, improved access and more trails.
The plan keeps access from the north end of the property and accommodates a new Community
Building, herein also called a Clubhouse/Restaurant that will incorporate a golf shop, grill, and
meeting spaces, golf practice hitting bays (potentially including some technology bays with launch
monitors and simulators), and wildlife viewing areas. The existing restaurant/pro shop and current
Hole No. 1 are removed from the golf footprint. The conceptual plan shows the location for the new
building, a drop off area and reconfigured parking. The maintenance facility is retained in its current
location.
The plan will allow for an improved pedestrian walk along the existing north side of San Fernando
Road. This would likely be accommodated by a retaining wall-style structure that would allow for
construction of a pedestrian walk at the existing edge of San Fernando Road, or possibly a stand-
alone boardwalk-style structure instead. This improvement is not shown on the conceptual plan, as it
will need to be designed and engineered. Costs for this improvement are unknown and therefore not
shown in supporting cost estimates.
Practice areas include a public Putting Green adjacent to the newly sited Clubhouse/Restaurant
Building, a Short Game Green (for pitch, chip and bunker practice), and a recommendation for five
hitting bays that can include modern state-of-the-art technology that facilitates shot analysis, training
and teaching components.
Adjacent to the new Clubhouse/Restaurant & Pro Shop Building is nature-themed Putting Course.
This area consists of a generous putting surface that will be broken up with natural stone, vegetation
and wood elements to create a series of putting “holes” that form a putting course. Players will begin
and end from designated areas, putting their way around an obstacle course that can include
interpretative signs and opportunities for learning about the Stevens Creek habitat and history.
Golf Course
A brief description of the recommended golf holes concept plan:
Hole 1 … A south facing opening hole that utilizes the corridor for existing Hole No. 2. The new green is set
along the eastern hillside of the valley and well protected from neighboring property and uses.
Hole 2 … The tee shot is uphill to the area of the existing No. 2 green. The 130-140 yard shot is guarded by a
single bunker below the green to the right.
Hole 3 … Roughly a remake of the existing Hole No. 3. The hole flanks the southern edge of the golf course,
playing along the upper slope with views to the north and west. The conceptual plan accommodates new
grading that may be required for an expanded pedestrian access along San Fernando Road to the left of the
hole.
Hole 4 … The short hole plays to a large green. Shots can range from 40 yards to 80 yards depending on tee
and hole placement. Defining this hole are various pockets and plateaus at the multi-level green.
Hole 5 … The tee shot is played downhill to a shared green (double green) with Hole No. 8. The right side of
the hole is flanked by a native area with the left side bordering a lowland area that serves as a bio-filtration
basin.
Hole 6 … The tee shot plays away from the adjacent parking area and across a bio-filtration basin. This low
area will be planted with native plants and will form a hazard to golfers. The expected play is further left
(away from the parking area) to an open area of fairway turf. The green is slightly elevated.
Hole 7 … The longest of the holes, the tees are slightly elevated and play roughly to the site of the original No.
4 hole. The green is conceptually designed as a plateau with turf areas surrounding.
Hole 8 … The short hole (under 100 yards) plays across a low bio-filtration basin. The green, shared with No.
5, allows for a diversity of cup locations.
Hole 9 … Playing along a native lowland area to the a green guarded by three bunkers, the finishing hole plays
northwest and allows for direct access to the Clubhouse/Restaurant & Pro Shop Building/ area. The proposed
orientation of the Building looks out at the No. 9 green across the public Putting Green.
The overriding goal in developing the reconfigured Blackberry Farm Golf Course was to establish a
fun and enjoyable golf experience. Purposefully, both to reduce the golf footprint (conserving water
use) and round times, the par-3 hole lengths are short, yet variable. Players will be able to hit shots
ranging from 180 yards to under 70 yards. In addition to 9-hole rounds, play may be offered at
“loops” by using various combinations of holes. For example, loops are attained by playing
combinations such as:
• 1, 2, 7
• 1, 2, 3, 4, 7
• 1, 2, 5, 9
• 1, 2, 5, 6, 7
• 1, 2, 7, 8, 9
• 1, 2, 7, 8, 6, 5, 9
Golf Course Preliminary Cost Estimates and Timing
A probable cost estimate was prepared for the conceptual plan. This estimate is just over $2.5
million for golf course construction and irrigation (including the water storage tank), including 10%
contingency, professional fees, and other soft costs. This estimate does not include a variety of
other project-related costs as would be identified by the Public Works department if a capital
improvement project is pursued. The probable cost estimate (see Appendix B for details) does not
include razing the existing golf building, nor reconstruction of the Community Building, new trails,
improved pedestrian access along San Fernando Road or expanded parking.
Construction duration for the golf course work is estimated to extend one full year, ideally from
March to March of the following calendar year. Construction time may be accelerated by adding cost
to the project and fully sodding turf (in-play) areas. The NGF team recommends further study to
determine the benefits of an accelerated schedule and whether more cost would result in less
revenue loss during down time. We have assumed some grow-in costs during turf establishment in
the probable cost estimate, but it is likely that additional costs may be required. This becomes a
matter of how much grow-in responsibility is assigned to the golf contractor vs. the City’s golf
maintenance contractor.
Enhanced Revenue Opportunities
As we will present in the Financial Analysis section, the new program for the Blackberry Farm Golf
Course, including the Clubhouse/Restaurant & Pro Shop Building, should offer key revenue
enhancement opportunities in several areas, including (but not limited to):
• Rounds of play + potential for increased green fees
• Locker/bag storage rentals
• Additional golf carts / possible GolfBoards
• Practice – hitting bays plus potential for practice membership
• Instruction
• Club fitting
• Simulators
• Food & beverage (increase in both golf-related and non-golf related)
• Meetings (city, civic group, etc.) and events (tournaments, banquets, weddings, etc.)
• Increased merchandise sales (new logo and branding)
• Putting course
Conceptual Plan Summary – Clubhouse (Community Building)
In consideration of the programmatic issues and environmental sensitivity of the proposed project
and site, the NGF team created the program elements described below for the new Blackberry Farm
Golf Course clubhouse. We view this new structure as a “Community Building” as opposed to solely
a golf clubhouse. The conceptual building will serve the golf course with a modest pro shop and
facilities, but is primarily a building for park-goers and the community to use on a daily basis, as well
as for special gatherings. The recommended size of the clubhouse would be under 6,500 SF of
interior building space (see Appendix C for square footage by component). The success of smaller
golf clubhouses, such as this size, is contingent on providing both functional relationships of the
spaces, and flexibility. Allowing the spaces within the clubhouse and immediate surroundings to
accommodate a variety of group sizes and uses simultaneously is a key strategy.
Additionally, as a rule of thumb in golf clubhouse design, it is important to separate the golf uses of
the facility from the non-golf related spaces. The Blackberry Farm Golf Course clubhouse will not,
and should not, be a standard facility as there will be an emphasis on incorporating the surrounding
park and trail experiences and users. The facility needs to not only address golf-specific strategies
and special events, but also accommodate those people using the park system.
The suggested primary program for the Blackberry Farm clubhouse will be to locate the grill,
meeting/ event space and kitchen on the west side of the building site focusing views on the golf and
natural habitat towards the creek. Additionally, with the suggested routing of the golf course, the golf
shop is most logically located nearest the practice areas, beginning tee box and ending green area.
Visual control of these components from the Pro Shop is preferred to enhance control of daily golf
operations, pace of play on the course, and management of the daily fee revenue. To maximize the
efficiency of the facility, we recommend that the restroom areas double as a portion of the locker
room component. Centrally locating the restrooms provides access from the grill and meeting/dining/
event space, as well as for park patrons using the Community Building facilities.
The individual programmatic descriptions and strategies are further broken down as follows and are
representative of the accompanying diagrams of the conceptual plans and elevations.
Deck / Covered Patio
Exterior space is important, especially for smaller facilities, to allow the flexibility to expand to
accommodate larger groups and functions. It also offers the opportunity to take advantage of inviting
weather year round. Deck and patio spaces adjacent to the grill and pavilion allow for overflow from
the interior spaces. With the sensitive nature of the nearby creek habitat, the design approach
includes a covered patio or trellis structure. Employing pivoting wall panels to close off the
deck/patio will limit noise and light, when appropriate for environmental reasons. Management can
open the panels during daytime usage. Additionally, the use of operable wall panels can provide
privacy for special events.
Meeting / Event Pavilion
The NGF team recommends that the space have the ability to comfortably accommodate 150 to
200+ guests (depending on style of event) for dining or conference functions inside the building. To
increase the flexibility of the space, we suggest that operable doors systems be installed to expand
the usable space to the exterior, with room for an additional 100+ patrons. Additionally, the interior
space design will allow it to be divided into thirds to accommodate groups of smaller sizes and
multiple groups simultaneously. Each of the areas can facilitate 50+ patrons when the large room is
divided into thirds. With the divisions of the space, it is most effective for each area to have an
individual exterior entrance. The design should also include a storage component that is necessary
for storing extra tables and chairs that some events may require.
Golf clubhouses remain very popular venues for hosting weddings and other events, such as
graduation parties, anniversaries, and banquets. The ability for the facility to serve as a high quality,
attractive wedding venue provides an opportunity to increase revenue, though this is not presumed
to be the single overriding goal of the City with respect to the new Building. In order to
accommodate this type of event, the NGF team recommends a small “Bride” room into the program,
which can also as space for a host, speaker, or event staging. The space is most useful when near a
vehicle drop off area and with direct access to the event locations. Facilities that have multiple
options for the event location tend to be most successful in booking ceremonies. Opportunities for
the wedding or event locations to be inside, on the deck, or at an adjacent event lawn offer flexibility
for single or multiple events.
Grill / Bar
Food and beverage services are essential to serving golfers but can also be a strong revenue
generator for a golf facility when spaces are programmed with flexibility and offer an ambience that
allows users to experience nature. Flexibility of interior and exterior space can enhance the social
atmosphere and reduce the demands on the staff. For a facility this size, a grill area holding
approximately 70 patrons at the interior with opportunity for exterior dining and casual lounge areas
on the deck is sufficient. Proper location of the beverage/bar area is equally important to the
experience and to maximizing staff efficiency. The ability for grill employees to serve the interior and
exterior guests from a central location maximizes operating and staffing efficiencies.
Kitchen
The kitchen location is most efficient when direct access to the grill area is provided. Assuming that
the primary goal of a clubhouse is not merely to generate maximum banquet revenues, a kitchen
serving a building in the 6,500 square foot range does not need to be large, though it must be
planned efficiently. The opportunity to enhance the dining experience with an exhibition kitchen
concept, as is proposed, has proven to engage patrons, making the dining experience more
memorable. During the non-peak dining hours, patrons are also able to order food directly from the
kitchen location thus reducing the needs for overstaffing the restaurant.
While the proposed BFGC clubhouse program will be able to accommodate groups of up to 200-plus
(or 300 if outside space is also utilized) for formal events, outside catering will be required for larger
events due to the dimensions of the kitchen. This has proven to be successful in other venues we’ve
observed with smaller kitchen facilities. Efficient planning with focus on the primary food and
beverage goals is essential to avoiding the costly dynamic of over building and underutilizing the
kitchen in a golf clubhouse.
Golf Pro Shop
One of the primary objectives of the golf shop is to have visual control over the main golf
components, including practice areas and the beginning and finishing golf holes. Additionally,
equipment and apparel for retail sales should be strategically located to maximize revenue and
reduce risk of loss from theft. In the majority of golf clubhouses, the Grill hours of operation extend
past the operating hours of the golf shop. The ability to close off access to the golf shop while
keeping other areas of the facility open is important. Administrative offices should also have access
to the main golf shop area, but should have a sense of privacy. Apparel storage is increasingly being
incorporated into the display areas in efforts to maximize golf shop efficiencies. The objective for
successful retail sales is to have as much product accessible to the consumer as possible. Adjacent
spaces such as golf bag storage and the employee break room need to be secured from the public
with controlled access.
Conference Room
The conference room is programmed to accommodate approximately 20 patrons and a table. To
make the venue most attractive to corporate audiences, and given the Silicon Valley location, the
NGF team recommends that the room be equipped with state-of-the-art multimedia technologies to
accommodate different groups’ needs for presentation capabilities.
Locker Rooms
Combining the locker room and restroom functions optimizes facility efficiencies and reduces
construction costs. We recommend separation of these two components for privacy purposes. The
program for Blackberry Farm includes approximately 32 half lockers or “day lockers” for the men’s
side, and 16 for the women’s side. Centrally locating the restrooms with access from the main facility
program components and surrounding exterior functions would be beneficial.
Hitting Bays
Five exterior, partially covered hitting bays are recommended for Blackberry Farm GC. The hitting
bays can be set up to accommodate traditional golf practice or double as interactive simulators for
entertainment. Additionally, NGF anticipates the usage of high-tech instruction equipment such as
launch monitors / swing analyzers. These practice and entertainment elements are an additional
strategy for increasing facility revenue.
Facility Character
While there are many options for the character of the facility, NGF recommends that the building and
materials used be sensitive to the natural surrounding habitat. Strategies such as green roofs and
water collection systems greatly reduce runoff and provide a more sustainable environment.
Sustainable approaches, such as rainwater harvesting and recycling captured gray water from the
interior, are highly recommended. The captured water can be repurposed for the immediate
landscaping surrounding the facility.
Most effectively, exterior building materials requiring minimal maintenance help reduce unnecessary
cost and replacement. With its relationship to Stevens Creek, the building has been sited and
designed to be sensitive to the habitat while allowing the public visual access to vistas to the creek
and nature areas. Glass and materials will be effectively installed to prevent bird strikes and be
compatible with the environment. The recommended “green” roof concept will further position the
building as an example of environmental stewardship in Cupertino.
Clubhouse Preliminary Cost Estimate
The NGF team prepared a preliminary cost estimate for the construction of the Golf Clubhouse /
Restaurant and Pro Shop Building and the razing of the existing Blue Pheasant building. This
estimate for the building as currently conceptualized is ±$3.7 million (refer to Appendix D for
details). This estimate does not include a variety of other project-related costs as would be identified
by the Public Works department if a capital improvement project is pursued. Additional costs
associated with the underground utilities, new entry & signage, possible signalized intersection, and
new parking lot, are not included in this total.
Banquet Potential
Though maximizing banquet revenues and overall facility profit was not an overriding parameter
when programming the new building, NGF conferred with Z-Golf Food & Beverage – a preeminent
golf industry food & beverage consultant – regarding the banquet potential of a new facility at
Blackberry Farms GC. In addition to being a highly respected consultant, Z-Golf – through its
Wedgewood Wedding & Banquet Center brand – is perhaps the most experienced banquet provider
in all of California. Its Bay Area venues include Crystal Springs Golf Course in Burlingame, San
Ramon Golf Club, Eagle Ridge Golf Club in Gilroy, and Metropolitan Golf Links in Oakland; they are
currently working on a clubhouse/banquet project with the City of Sunnyvale. Z-Golf reports
averaging $1.55 million in banquet revenues in its Bay Area golf clubhouse venues, and $1.9 million
in total food & beverage revenues.
Z-Golf is involved in 20 to 30 consulting opportunities and/or lease opportunities each year, and has
exposure to financial data, best practices, demand statistics, and other applicable information for
golf course clubhouse feasibility studies. They recognize that when a clubhouse project does not
“pencil out” due to the heavy cost of construction, or the lack of demand for the facility, and NGF can
attest that on several occasions in the context of our consulting engagements for municipalities, Z-
Golf has recommended against major expansion or new buildings, even though they stood a very
good chance of ultimately winning a bid for the lease. With that framework in mind, Z-Golf told NGF
that they feel a dedicated banquet center at Blackberry Farm would – depending on the program -
be very successful and produce estimated total gross revenues of ±2 million, with lease payments to
the City of ± $200,000.
Some of the reasons Z-Golf is so bullish on Cupertino - and Blackberry Farm Golf Course in
particular - as the site of a new banquet venue:
Its location in the heart of the Silicon Valley, one of the most affluent demographics in the
world. There are plenty of people, with high household incomes.
The local economy is shielded by the strength of the tech industry.
Because of public policy in the region, development of event venues is somewhat limited.
This creates the demand for another new venue.
If maximizing economic return of the new clubhouse / community building at BFGC were a primary
determinant of whether, and how, to build the new facility, some potential modifications to the
proposed program would include:
Dedicated indoor banquet space (single room) of about 3,500 sf, with built-in bar
Kitchen of ± 1,200 sf
Banquet sales office
Groom’s room
Private (as possible) wedding ceremony venue with as good a view of golf course as
possible
Parking for higher number of patrons
Financial Projections
for Blackberry Farm Golf Course
NGF has prepared a summary cash flow model for the continued operation of Blackberry Farm
Golf Course, assuming implementation of the new Conceptual Plan (or some close variation
thereof). We also assume the current operating structure, with the exception that all aspects of
the food & beverage operation will be leased out to a single operator. The models do not take
into account the net financial effect of the facility being closed for a year.
The five-year cash flow model was prepared in consideration of NGF’s review of operations -
and subsequent recommendations in 2014, recent historical performance, analysis of the golf
market, and local and regional demographic and economic factors (e.g., expansion of Apple
employment). The model is based on a set of assumptions that may or may not become reality,
but NGF believes that they represent a “reasonable” estimate of performance for this facility
based on the factors discussed in this report.
As noted previously, enhanced and/or additional revenue centers at the reimagined Blackberry
Farm Golf Course are expected to include:
Miscellaneous rentals (e.g., additional power carts; GolfBoards; lockers)
Golf simulator fees
Enhanced practice facilities (hitting bays, short game area, practice memberships)
Putting course
Food & beverage (grill and banquets/meetings)
Following are the general assumptions used in the development of NGF’s cash flow model for
the operation of Blackberry Farm Golf Course (BBFGC) in the context of the new Conceptual
Plan. (All figures are expressed in 2016 dollars). The model is presented as Year 1 through
Year 5, to reflect the first five full years after facility reopening.
CONCEPTUAL PLAN
Assumptions – Rounds and Revenues
The new conceptual plan represents a fully renovated and reconfigured golf course (now Par 3)
with re-built features and new turf, drainage, and irrigation. Rounds played projections reflect
these improvements as well as an improved aesthetic for the course. Though the course is now
shorter, it offers a further reduced maintainable footprint, more ‘room to breathe’ and more
flexibility, with the added appeal of 3-hole and 6-hole loops for beginners, people looking for a
quick practice round, and/or time-constrained golfers. Also, the course will now be more
synergistic with overall park uses (e.g., picnic and pool areas), encouraging cross-pollination of
patrons. Finally, a new golf-centric clubhouse should not only boost concession and banquet /
meeting revenues, but also the overall appeal of BBFGC.
Rounds played in Year 1 post-renovation are projected at 33,000, growing to 40,000
rounds at stabilization. This activity level is still less than that achieved as recently as
FY 10.
Average green fee revenue per round is $11.50, similar to recent historical averages
and reflective of some sales of 3- and 6-hole rounds. This per-round average is
assumed to rise to $12 for Year 3 and Year 4, and to $12.50 for Year 5.
Footgolf rounds and revenue per round are based on the recent experience at
BBFGC since it introduced the activity in the first quarter of FY 2016. Rounds played
in Year 1 post-renovation are projected at 3,000, growing to 4,000 rounds at
stabilization. Revenue per round is projected at $13 in Year 1, growing at 2.5%
annually.
Simulator rentals assume 360 days, two simulators and approximately three rentals
per day on average (charged hourly for up 4 people), growing to about 4 rentals a
day by Year 5.
Putting course activity is projected at 3,000 rounds in Year 1, growing to stabilized
rounds of 6,000 rounds by Year 4. Revenue per round is assumed at $4.25 per
round in Years 1 & 2, $4.50 per round in Year 3 & 4, and $4.75 in Year 5, based on
initial pricing of $3 to $5 for juniors and $6 to $8 for adults.
A line item for Practice Revenue is added to reflect the new hitting bays and short
game area, as well as the possibility of selling practice memberships. Gross practice
revenues are projected at $1.50 per round, growing at 2.5% annually.
Rental Revenue per round in Year 1 is estimated at $2.50 - about five times the
recent four-year average between FY 11 and FY 14 – and growing at 5% annually
over Years 2 through 5. The significant increase in rentals is reflective of several
additional power carts, the addition of GolfBoards, the addition of 40+ half-lockers,
and higher club rentals.
Gross pro shop concession revenue per round is projected to increase by about
$0.40 per round over recent historical average (growing at 5% annually), to reflect
higher merchandise sales with the larger pro shop and more branding opportunity.
Gross lesson revenues are increased to $25,000 in Year 1, reflecting improved
practice amenities. These revenues are projected to grow at 2.5% annually.
A line item for Food & Beverage Concession Revenue is added to reflect the new
clubhouse building and significant golf and non-golf related business (especially
breakfast and lunch). Gross F&B revenues – ‘Grill’ are projected at $3.50 per round,
growing at 5% annually. The City is assumed to receive 10% of gross revenues as a
concession payment.
A separate line item for Banquet / Meeting Revenue is added to reflect the new
clubhouse building and the significant opportunity for an on-golf course venue of this
type in Cupertino (see discussion for Banquet potential earlier in this report). NGF
has assumed that the City will choose a skilled food & beverage vendor that has
extensive experience marketing banquets; based on this assumption, Gross
Revenues – ‘Banquets/Meetings’ are projected at $500,000 in Year 1, stabilizing at
$800,000 by Year 4. The City is assumed to receive 10% of gross revenues as a
lease payment.
‘Other’ revenues reflect a five-year average of investment earnings + miscellaneous
revenue. These are held steady through the five-year period.
Assumptions – Expenses
For this preliminary financial analysis, we’ve made estimates for City operating expenses based
on recent actual operating results for Blackberry Farm, current budget, NGF experience, and
the expected quality and services levels for BBFGC after reopening.
Despite the reduced footprint and more efficient golf course under the Conceptual
Plan, we assume any savings will be applied toward a higher maintenance standard.
Therefore, the Contractual Services line item (bulk of which is golf course
maintenance) is held at $240,000 in Year 1, growing at 2.5% annually.
To reflect new and/or enhanced revenue centers, Personnel costs have been
increased by approximately 20% over FY 15, and grow at 5% annually.
A new line item for Building Maintenance has been added to reflect the new
clubhouse / community center. This number is estimated at $10,000 in Year 1,
growing at 2.5% annually.
Water cost is reduced from the current budget of $64,000 to $29,000 to reflect
approximate 10% savings due to new irrigation system, and 45% reduction in usage
due to maintainable area declining from 10 acres to 5.5 acres. Water cost is
projected to grow at 5% annually.
Cost allocation, at $71,000, expense is held steady through the 5-year period. All
other operating expenses are assumed to grow at 2.5% annually.
Maintenance and repair expenses in addition to normal maintenance may be
necessary during the course of operating a high quality golf facility. However, for
purposes of this analysis, NGF has not assumed a capital improvement set-aside
fund for Blackberry Farm Golf Course.
Cash Flow Statement
NGF Consulting utilized the previously mentioned assumptions to create the preliminary sketch
pro forma below. Each category of revenue has been listed separately, and all figures have
been rounded to the nearest $100 for simplicity.
Blackberry Farm Golf Course
Pro Forma - Dec. 15 Conceptual Layout
Year 1 - Year 5
Year 1 Year 2 Year 3 Year 4 Year 5
Activity Levels
Rounds of Golf 33,000 36,000 39,000 40,000 40,000
FootGolf Rounds 720 960 1,200 1,440 1,440
Putting Course Rounds 3,000 4,000 5,000 6,000 6,000
Simulator Rentals 1,100 1,200 1,300 1,400 1,400
Per Round
Green Fee Revenue per Round $ 11.50 $ 11.50 $ 12.00 $ 12.00 $ 12.50
FootGolf Revenue per Round $ 13.00 $ 13.33 $ 13.66 $ 14.00 $ 14.35
Putting Course Revenue per Round $ 4.00 $ 4.00 $ 4.25 $ 4.25 $ 4.50
Rentals per Rd. (carts, GolfBoards, clubs, lockers) $ 2.50 $ 2.63 $ 2.76 $ 2.89 $ 3.04
Average Simulator fee per Hour $ 25.00 $ 25.63 $ 26.27 $ 26.92 $ 27.60
Practice (incl. hitting bays, pract. Membership) $ 1.50 $ 1.54 $ 1.58 $ 1.62 $ 1.66
Gross F&B Conc. Rev. per Rd. - Grill $ 3.50 $ 3.68 $ 3.86 $ 4.05 $ 4.25
Gross Pro Shop Conc. Rev. per Round $ 1.00 $ 1.05 $ 1.10 $ 1.16 $ 1.22
Gross Lesson Revenue $ 25,000 $ 25,600 $ 26,200 $ 26,900 $ 27,600
Banquets/ Meetings (Gross) $500,000 $650,000 $750,000 $800,000 $800,000
Revenues
Green Fees $ 379,500 $414,000 $468,000 $480,000 $500,000
FootGolf $ 9,400 $ 12,800 $ 16,400 $ 20,200 $ 20,700
Putting Course $ 12,000 $ 16,000 $ 21,300 $ 25,500 $ 27,000
Rentals (carts, GolfBoards, clubs, lockers) $ 82,500 $ 94,500 $107,500 $115,800 $121,600
Simulator Fees $ 27,500 $ 30,800 $ 34,100 $ 37,700 $ 38,600
Practice $ 82,500 $ 94,500 $ 107,500 $ 115,800 $ 121,600
F&B Concession Payment - Grill $ 11,600 $ 13,200 $ 15,000 $ 16,200 $ 17,000
Pro Concession Payment $ 10,000 $ 10,800 $ 11,700 $ 12,300 $ 12,800
Banquet/Meeting Lease Payment $ 50,000 $ 65,000 $ 75,000 $ 80,000 $ 80,000
Other $ 2,800 $ 2,800 $ 2,800 $ 2,800 $ 2,800
Total Revenues $ 667,800 $754,400 $ 859,300 $ 906,300 $ 942,100
Operating Expenses
Personnel $ 230,000 $241,500 $ 253,600 $ 266,300 $ 279,600
Materials & Supplies $ 15,000 $ 15,400 $ 15,800 $ 16,200 $ 16,600
Water Usage $ 29,000 $ 30,500 $ 32,000 $ 33,600 $ 35,300
Services $ 240,000 $246,000 $ 252,200 $ 258,500 $ 265,000
Building Maintenance $ 10,000 $ 10,300 $ 10,600 $ 10,900 $ 11,200
Other $ 40,000 $ 41,000 $ 42,000 $ 43,100 $ 44,200
Cost allocation $ 72,000 $ 72,000 $ 72,000 $ 72,000 $ 72,000
Total Operating Expenses 636,000 656,700 678,200 700,600 723,900
Net Operating Income $ 31,800 $ 97,700 $ 181,100 $ 205,700 $ 218,200
Results
The results of NGF Consulting’s preliminary cash flow projection for Blackberry Farm Golf
Course, assuming implementation of the Conceptual Plan that is the subject of this report, show
the course generating approximately $668,000 in total operating revenues (includes net
concession payments) to the City in Year 1 post-renovation, increasing to approximately
$942,000 by Year 5. Considering preliminary expense estimates, net operating revenue to the
City will be about $32,000 in Year 1, increasing to about $218,000 by Year 5.
Appendices
Appendix A – Conceptual Plan
Appendix B – Preliminary Cost Estimate – Golf Course
Appendix C – Clubhouse/Restaurant & Pro Shop Building (aka
Community Building) Program by Square Footage
Appendix D – Preliminary Cost Estimate – Clubhouse/Restaurant &
Pro Shop Building (aka Community Building)
APPENDIX A – CONCEPTUAL PLAN
National Golf Foundation Consulting, Inc. – Review of Blackberry Farm Golf Course, Cupertino, CA – 20
APPENDIX C – PRELIMINARY COST ESTIMATE – GOLF COURSE
BLACKBERRY FARM GOLF COURSE
Preliminary Cost Estimate Conceptual Plan - Golf Course
Quantity Unit Cost 1.0 MOBILIZATION & SITE CONTROL 1.1 Mobilization/Bond LS $41,000.00 1.2 Erosion & Dust Control LS $50,000.00 1.3 Staking & Layout LS $4,000.00
$95,000.00
2.0 DEMOLITION & CLEARING 2.1 Demo Existing Clubhouse Structure, Parking & Grounds NIC n/a 2.2 Demo Existing Golf Course Area Outside New Footprint NIC n/a 2.3 Remove Existing Poles & Netting (2 Areas) LS $10,000.00 2.4 Tree Removal (Golf Course Area) 40 450 $18,000.00 2.5 Grubbing / Turf Eradication 9.5 acres 1,500 $14,250.00
$42,250.00
3.0 ROUGH GRADING 3.1 Rough Grading 30,000 c.y. 4.4 $132,000.00 3.2 Topsoil Management LS $15,000.00
3.3 Feature Shaping (Tees, Bunkers & Greens) LS $44,000.00
$191,000.00
4.0 FEATURES CONSTRUCTION & FINISH WORK 4.1 Tee Construction (New Const. / Finish Work) 30,000 sf 1.7 $51,000.00 4.2 Bunker Construction (New Const. / Drainage & Finish Work) 12,400 sf 5 $60,000.00 4.3 Green Construction (New Const. / Modified USGA & Finish
Work) 78,000 sf 5 $390,000.00
4.4 Fine Grading (Fairways, Roughs & Native Areas) 10 acres 2,200 $22,000.00
$523,000.00
5.0 DRAINAGE 5.1 General Drainage (Golf) LS $50,000.00 5.2 Drainage Culvert Extenstion (South) LS $12,000.00 5.3 Biofiltration Basins LS 2,500 $30,000.00
$92,000.00
National Golf Foundation Consulting, Inc. – Review of Blackberry Farm Golf Course, Cupertino, CA – 21
6.0 IRRIGATION 6.1 Existing Well Activation LS $15,000.00 6.2 Rework Existing Delivery Line(s) LS $20,000.00 6.3 Water Tank (30,000 gal.) & 20-ft Wood Structure LS $440,000.00 6.4 Irrigation System, Control & Weather Station LS $407,000.00 6.5 Utility Allowance LS $20,000.00
$902,000.00
7.0 GRASSING & LANDSCAPE 7.1 Soil Amendments & Fertilizers 10.5 acres 880 $9,240.00 7.2 Hydrosprigging (Tees, Fairways & Roughs) 7 acres 5,700 $39,900.00 7.3 Sod Allowance 10,000 sf 0.6 $6,000.00 7.4 Seed Greens Surfaces 75,000 sf 0.25 $18,750.00 7.5 Native Area Hydroseeding & Tackifier 4 acres 5,000 $20,000.00 7.6 Grow-In LS $44,000.00 7.7 New Trees 60 260 $15,600.00
7.8 Rock and Theme Landscaping at Putting Course LS $70,000.00
$223,490.00
8.0 MISCELLANEOUS 8.1 Practice Hitting Bays (Part of Clubhouse Area) NIC n/a 8.2 New Parking and Drop Off (Part of Clubhouse Area) NIC n/a 8.3 New Pedestrian Access (San Fernando Road) NIC n/a 8.4 New Community Building NIC n/a 8.5 Signage LS $30,000.00 8.6 Course Furnishings LS $25,000.00
$55,000.00
GOLF COURSE CONSTRUCTION SUBTOTAL $2,0123,740
CONTINGENCY (10%) $212,374
9.0 PROFESSIONAL FEES 9.1 Golf Course Architectural/Civil Engineering LS $185,000.00 9.2 Water Tank Engineering LS $12,500.00 9.3 Project Management LS $40,000.00
9.4 Permits LS $5,000.00
9.5 Well Permit Fees NIC n/a
$242,500.00
TOTAL PROBABLE COST ESTIMATE $2,578,614
Probable cost estimate is based on conceptual planning prepared as of this date. Environmental mitigation and/or consulting is not
calculated in the above estimates. Unforeseen conditions, additional utility work, prolonged work due to seasonal conditions and
revenue losses during closure are not a part of the probable cost estimate. Prepared 8-24-15.
National Golf Foundation Consulting, Inc. – Review of Blackberry Farm Golf Course, Cupertino, CA – 22
APPENDIX D – PRELIMINARY COST ESTIMATE – COMMUNITY BUILDING
BLACKBERRY FARM GOLF COURSE
Preliminary Cost Estimate Conceptual Plan
Clubhouse/Community Center
Building $3,080,000 12,325 sf @ $250
Furniture, fixtures & equipment $160,000 Kitchen $150,000 Hitting bay simulators (includes launch monitors) $80,000 2 @ $40,000
Landscaping $180,000 Total $3,650,000
Other: New signalized intersection $80,000 Underground utilities TBD New entry and signage $160,000 New parking $480,000 Demolition - existing building $60,000 Total Other $780,000
Probable cost estimate is based on conceptual planning prepared as of this date. Environmental
mitigation and/or consulting is not calculated in the above estimates. Unforeseen conditions,
additional utility work, prolonged work due to seasonal conditions and revenue losses during
closure are not a part of the probable cost estimate. Prepared 8.24.15.